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REGULATION'S 


FOR   THE 


Aemt  op  the  United  States 


1901 


WITH 


APPENDIX, 

SEPARATELY  INDEXED,  SHOWING  CHANGES  TO  DECEMBER  31, 1902. 


Of  TWI 

UNIVERSITY 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT   PRINTING    OFFICE 
1902 


Wak  Department, 

Document  No.  198, 

Office  of  the  Adjutant-General. 


War  Department,  May  1,  1901. 
The  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  directs  that  the  following  Regu- 
lations for  the  Army  be  published  for  the  government  of  all  concerned,  and  that  they 
be  strictly  observed.     Nothing  contrary  to  the  tenor  of  these  Regulations  will  be 
enjoined  in  any  part  of  the  forces  of  the  United  States  by  any  commander  whomsoever. 

ELIHU  ROOT, 

Secretary  of  War. 


The  Drill  Regulations,  the  Instructions  for  Troops  in  Campaign,  and  the  manuals 
and  special  regulations  concerning  the  several  staff  departments  or  particular  branches 
of  the  service  will  contain,  besides  extracts  from  general  regulations,  such  rules  as 
have  special  application;  but  no  regulations,  orders,  or  instructions  will  be  embodied 
therein  which  are  in  conflict  with  the  Regulations  for  the  Army.  (Decision  of  Sec- 
retary of  War,  October  31,  1895.) 

Ill 


TABLE   OF   COIs' TENTS. 


Article  I. 
Military  discipline,  1-5. 

Article  II. 
Precedents  of  regiments  and  corps,  6. 

Article  III. 
Rank  and  precedence  of  officers  and  non- 
commissioned officers,  7-12. 

Article  IV. 
Command,  13-19. 

Article  V. 

Appointment  and  promotion  of  commissioned 

officers,  20-35, 

Article  VI. 

Staff  appointments  and  details,  military  attaches, 

36-42. 

Article  VII. 
Details  to  colleges,  43-47. 

Article  VIII. 
Chaplains,  48-51. 

Article  IX. 
Transfer  or  exchange  of  officers,  52, 53. 

Article  X. 

Leaves  of  absence  to  officers:   Ordinary  leaves, 

54-71;  Sick  leaves,  72-76. 

Article  XI. 
Officers  traveling  on  duty,  77-84. 

Article  XII. 
Retirement  of  officers,  85-88. 

Article  XIII. 
Resignation  of  officers,  89-92. 

Article  XIV. 
Deceased  officers,  93-99. 

Article  XV. 
The  post  noncommissioned  staff,  100-114. 

Article  XVI. 
Detached  soldiers,  115. 

Article  XVII. 
Furloughs  to  soldiers,  116-124. 

Article  XVIII. 
Transfer  of  enlisted  men,  125, 126. 


Article  XIX. 
Deserters,  127-145. 

Article  XX. 
Retirement  of  enlisted  men,  145-150. 

Article  XXI. 

Discharges,  151-170.     Certificates   of   disability, 

171-174. 

Article  XXII. 
Deceased  soldiers,  175-180. 

Article  XXIII. 

Working  parties.    Extra  and  special  duty  men, 

181-190. 

Article  XXIV. 
Soldiers'  Home,  191-194. 

Article  XXV. 
Medals  of  honor  and  certificates  of  merit,  195-199. 

Article  XXVI. 
Veterinarians,  200-204. 

ARTICLE  XXVII. 
The  Commanding  General  of  the  Army,  205,206. 

Article  XXVIII. 
Territorial  departments,  207-215. 

Article  XXIX. 

Military  posts  and  reservations:   Posts,  216-227; 

Reservations,  228-230. 

Article  XXX. 
Flags,  colors,  standards,  and  guidons,  231-252. 

Article  XXXI. 
Regiments:  Organization  and  instruction,  253-259; 
The  regimental  staff,  280-270;  Regimental  rec- 
ords, 271, 272;  Bands,  273-279. 

Article  XXXII. 
Troops,  batteries,  and  companies:  Officers  and 
noncommissioned  officers,  280-293;  Company 
books  and  records,  294,  295,  Interior  economy 
of  companies,  296-309,  Messing  and  cooking, 
310-316 

Article  XXXIII. 
Councils  of  administration,  317-323. 

Article  XXXIV. 

Regimental  bakery,  company,  and  mess  funds, 

324-334. 


i 
VI 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


Article  XXXV. 
Post  bakeries.  335-340. 

Article  XXXVI. 
Libraries,  reading  rooms,  etc.,  341-351. 

Article  XXXVII. 
Post  gardens,  352-354. 

ARTICLE  XXXVIII. 
Post  schools,  355-362. 

ARTICLE  XXXIX. 
Post  exchanges,  363-365. 

Article  XL. 
The  Artillery  Corps:  The  Chief  of  Artillery,  366, 367. 

Article  XLI. 

Care  of  fortifications,  armament,  and  equipment, 

369-401. 

Article  XLII. 
Visits  to  lake  and  seacoast  defenses,  402-406. 

Article  XLIII. 
Artillery  practice,  407-415. 

Article  XLIV. 
Small-arms  practice,  416-422. 

Article  XLV. 
Roster,  detachments,  and  daily  service:  The  ros- 
ter,   423-437;  Detachments,    438-442;  Daily  ser- 
vice, 443-448. 

Article  XLVI. 
Honors,    courtesies,    and    ceremonies:     Honors, 
449-464;    Salutes  with  cannon,  465-480;  Visits 
and  courtesies,  481-487,  Escorts  of  honor,  488; 
Funeral  honors,  489-509;  Ceremonies,  510-517. 

Article  XLVII, 
Guards,  518-521. 

Article  XLVIII. 
Maps  and  reconnaissance,  522-526. 

Article  XLIX. 
The  Military  Academy,  527-529. 

Article  L. 

The   United    States  War  College:    The  Service 

Schools,  530-543. 

Article  LI. 
The  Government  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  544-549. 

Article  LII. 

Indians:   Indian  country,   etc.,  550-557;   Indian 

scouts,  558-562. 

Article  LIII. 
Employment  of  troops  in  the  enforcement  of  the 
laws,  563-568. 

Article  LIV, 
Cemeteries,  569-577. 

Article  LV. 

Printing:   Newspaper  advertising,  578-587,   Job 

printing,  58»-592. 


Article  LVI. 

Purchase  of  supplies  and  engagement  of  services: 
General   provisions,   593-597;   Advertising    for 

.  proposals,  598-602;  Proposals,  603-619;  Awards, 
620-626;  Abstracts  of  proposals,  626;  Methods 
of  purchase,  627-637;  Contractors'  bonds,  638-644; 
Oral  agreement,  645-647;  Reports  of  purchases, 
648;  Marking  supplies  by  contractors,  649. 

Article  LVII. 
Bonds  of  disbursing  officers,  bidders,  and  con- 
tractors, 650-657. 

Article  LVIII. 
Money  accountability:  Public  moneys,  658-661, 
Disbursing  officers,  662-6/5;  Transfers,  676-686: 
Official  check  books,  687-689;  Certificates  of  de- 
posit, 690-695;  Proceeds  of  sales,  696-698;  Ap- 
propriations, 699-707;  Accounts  current,  708-712; 
Money  vouchers,  713-734;  Pecuniary  responsi- 
bility of  officers,  735, 736;  Administrative  ex- 
amination of  money  accounts,  737, 738. 

Article  LIX. 
Public    property   accountability   and    responsi- 
bility: General   provisions,   739-773;   Property 
accountability,  774-782;  Administrative  exami- 
nation property  returns,  783, 784. 

Article  LX. 
Lands,  buildings,  and  improvements,  785-789. 

ARTICLE  LXI. 

Boards  of  survey,  790-807. 

Article  LXII. 

Civilian  employees:  General  provisions,  808-812; 

Traveling  expenses,  813-820. 

Article  LXIII. 
Staff  administration,  821-83^2. 

Article  LXIV. 
Adjutant-General's  Department,  833-836. 

Article  LXV. 
Military  correspondence,  837-855. 

Article  LXVI. 
Orders,  856-871. 

Article  LXVII. 
Muster  rolls,  872-875. 

Article  LXVIII. 
Returns  of  Troops;  Records,  876-894. 

Article  LXIX. 
Personal  and  efficiency  reports,  895-905. 

Article  LXX. 
Penalty  envelopes,  906-911. 

Article  LXXI. 
The  recruiting  service.  Classification  and  details, 
912-914;  Rendezvous  and  stations,  915-920, 
Enlistments,  921-938;  Medical  inspection, 
939-947;  Recruits  sent  to  regiments,  948-952; 
Department  and  regimental  recruiting,  953-955. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


VII 


Article  LXXII. 
Inspector-General's  Department:  General  provi- 
sions, 956-965;  Stated  inspections,  966-973; 
Methods  of  inspection,  974-976;  Disbursements 
and  accounts,  977-978;  Property  for  condemna- 
tion, 979-990. 

Article  LXXIII. 
Judge-Advocate-General's  Department,  991-997, 

Article  LXXIV. 
Arrest  and  confinement,  998-1017. 

Article  LXXV. 
Courts-martial,  1018-1065. 

Article  LXXVI. 
Civilian  witnesses,  1066-1070. 

Article  LXXVII. 

Employment  of  civil  counsel,  1071,1072;  Habeas 

corpus,  1073-1075. 

Article  LXXVIII. 
Quartermaster's  Department:  General  duties, 
1076-1079;  Barracks  and  quarters,  1080-1115: 
Illuminating  supplies,  1116-1135;  Stationery, 
1136-1140;  Purchase  of  public  animals,  1141-1150; 
Veterinary  medicines,  1151-1153;  Forage  and 
straw,  1154-1162;  Care  of  and  accountability  for 
property,  1163-1177;  Hordes  of  mounted  officers, 
1178-1182;  Transportation,  1183-1285;  Clothing 
and  equipage,  1286-1330;  Telegraphing,  1331- 
1341;  Telephoning,  1342;  Eecords,  1343-1345; 
Returns  and  reports,  1346-1350. 

Article  LXXIX. 
Subsistence  Department:  General  duties,  1351; 
Commissaries,  1352-1354;  Subsistence  supplies 
in  bulk,  1355-1363;  Transfers  in  bulk,  1364-1366; 
Gains,  wastage,  and  deficiencies,  1367-1372; 
Storehouses,  1373-1375;  Fresh  meats,  1376;  The 
ration,  1377-1380;  Travel  ration,  1380-1382; 
Issues  of  rations,  1383-1387,  1389-1402;  Liquid 
coflfee,  1388;  Other  issues  of  subsistence  stores, 
1403-1406;  Savings,  1407-1409;  Commutation 
1410-1425;  Sales,  1426-14:59;  Blank  forms,  1440; 
Accounts  and  returns,  1441. 


Article  LXXX. 
Pay  Department:  General  provisions,  1442-1444; 
Payments  to  officers,  1445-1463;  Pay  during 
absence,  1464-1471;  Travel  allowances,  1472-1488; 
Commutation  of  quarters,  1489-1496;  Stoppages, 
1497-1500;  Payment  of  cadets,  1501;  Payment 
of  enlisted  men,  1502-1527;  Reenlistment  and 
continuous-service  pay,  1528-1530;  Allotments, 
1531-1544;  Forfeitures  and  deductions,  1545;  Cer- 
tificate of  merit,  1546;  Deposits,  1547-1555;  Pay 
of  deserters,  1556-1558;  Payment  of  discharged 
soldiers,  1559-1566;  Miscellaneous,  1567-1669. 

article  LXXXI. 
Medical  Department:  General  provisions,  1570, 
1571;  Appointments,  1572,  1573;  Contract  Sur- 
geons, Dental  Surgeons,  1574-1589;  The  Hospital 
Corps,  1590-1620;  Ambulances  and  litters,  1610- 
1615;  Field  service,  1616-1620;  General  hospitals, 
1621-1627;  Service  of  hospitals,  1628-1643;  Hospi- 
tal buildings,  1644-1650;  Sick  call,  1651 ,  1652;  Med- 
ical attendance,  1653-1665;  Medical  supplies, 
1666-1669;  Reports  and  returns,  1670,1671;  Arti- 
ficial limbs,  1672-1676. 

Article  LXXXII. 
Corps  of  Engineers,  1677-1693. 
Article  LXXXIII. 
Ordnance  Department:  General  provisions,  1694; 
Issues  and  sales,  1695-1712;  Expenditure  of  am- 
munition, 1713-1716;  Surplus  or  damaged  stores, 
1717-1725;  Inspection  of  ordnance  supplies,  1726- 
1728;    Packing   and   transportation,  1729-1733; 
Returns  and  reports,  1734-1737;  Tests  and  ex- 
perimental trials,  1738-1740. 

Article  LXXXIV. 

The  Signal  Corps,  1741-1751. 

Article  LXXXV. 

The  Record  and  Pension  Office,  1752-1756. 

Article  LXXXVI. 

Uniform,  1756-1759. 

Article  LXXXVII. 

Blank  forms,  1761. 

Articles  of  War  (Revised  Statutes,  Sections  1202 

and  1343  and  Act  of  March  2,  1901),  pp.  241-254. 

Appendix,  pp.  255-417. 

Index  to  A.  R.,  pp.  419-465. 
Index  to  Appendix,  pp.  467-478. 


OfTHl 

UNIVERSITY 

REGULATIONS 

FOR   THE 

ARMY  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES 


ARTICLE  I. 

Military  Discipline. 

1.  All  persons  in  the  military  service  are  required  to  obey  strictly  and  to  execute 
promptly  the  lawful  orders  of  their  superiors. 

2.  Military  authority  will  be  exercised  with  firmness,  kindness,  and  justice.  Pun- 
ishments must  conform  to  law  and  follow  offenses  as  promptly  as  circumstances  will 
permit. 

3.  Superiors  are  forbidden  to  injure  those  under  their  authority  by  tyrannical  or 
capricious  conduct,  or  by  abusive  language. 

4.  Courtesy  among  military  men  is  indispensable  to  discipline;  respect  to  superiors 
will  not  be  confined  to  obedience  on  duty,  but  will  be  extended  on  all  occasions. 

5.  Deliberations  or  discussions  among  military  men  conveying  praise  or  censure, 
or  any  mark  of  approbation,  toward  others  in  the  military  service,  and  all  publica- 
tions relating  to  private  or  personal  transactions  between  officers,  are  prohibited. 
Efforts  to  influence  legislation  affecting  the  Army,  or  to  procure  personal  favor  or 
consideration,  should  never  be  made  except  through  regular  military  channels;  the 
adoption  of  any  other  method  by  any  officer  or  enlisted  man  will  be  noted  in  the 
military  record  of  those  concerned. 

ARTICLE  II. 

Precedence  of  Regiments  and  Corps. 

6.  On  all  occasions  of  ceremony,  except  funeral  escort,  troops  are  arranged  from 
right  to  left  in  line,  and  from  head  to  rear  in  column,  in  the  following  order:  First, 
infantry;  second,  light  artillery;  third,  cavalry.  Artillery  serving  as  infantry  is 
posted  as  infantry;  dismounted  cavalry  and  marines  are  on  the  left  of  the  infantry; 
engineer  troops  and  detachments  of  the  Signal  Corps  are  on  the  right  of  the  command 
to  which  they  are  attached;  detachments  of  the  hospital  corps  are  assigned  to  place 
according  to  the  nature  of  the  service.  When  cavalry  and  field  artillery,  or  field 
artillery  and  infantry,  are  reviewed  together  without  other  troops,  the  artillery  is 
posted  on  the  left.  In  the  same  arm,  regulars,  volunteers,  and  militia  are  posted  in 
line  from  right  to  left,  or  in  column  from  head  to  rear,  in  the  order  named.  In 
reviews  of  large  bodies  of  troops  the  different  arms  and  classes  are  posted  at  the  dis- 
cretion of  the  commanding  general,  due  regard  being  paid  to  their  position  in  camp. 
On  all  other  occasions  troops  of  all  classes  are  posted  at  the  discretion  of  the  general 
or  senior  commander. 

22778—03 1  1 


is  RANK    AND    PRECEDENCE. 

ARTICLE  III. 

Rank  and  Precedence  of  Officers  and  Noncommissioned  Officers. 

7.  Military  rank  is  that  character  or  quahty  bestowed  on  mihtary  persons  which 
marks  their  station,  and  confers  ehgibihty  to  exercise  command  or  authority  in  the 
mihtary  service  within  the  hmits  prescribed  by  law.  It  is  divided  into  degrees  or 
grades,  which  mark  the  relative  positions  and  powers  of  the  different  classes  of  per- 
sons possessing  it. 

8.  Rank  is  generally  held  by  virtue  of  office  in  a  regiment,  corps,  or  department, 
but  may  be  conferred  independently  of  office,  as  in  the  case  of  retired  officers  and  of 
those  holding  it  by  brevet. 

9.  The  following  are  the  grades  of  rank  of  officers  and  noncommissioned  officers: 

1.  Lieutenant-general.  13.  Quartermaster-sergeant,  regimental. 

2.  Major-general.  14.  Commissary-sergeant,  regimental. 

3.  Brigadier-general.  15.  Ordnance-sergeant,  post  commissary- 

4.  Colonel.  sergeant,    post    quartermaster-ser- 

5.  Lieutenant-colonel.  geant,  electrician  sergeant,  hospital 

6.  Major.  steward,  first-class  sergeant  Signal 

7.  Captain.  Corps,  chief  musician,  chief  trum- 

8.  First  lieutenant.  peter,  and  principal  musician. 

9.  Second  lieutenant.  16.  Squadron    and    battalion    sergeant- 

10.  Veterinarian,  cavalry  and  artillery.  major,  and  sergeant-major,  junior 

11.  Cadet.  grade.  Artillery  Corps. 

12.  Sergeant-major,  regimental,  and  ser-      17.  First  sergeant  and  drum  major. 

geant-major,  senior  grade.  Artillery     18.  Sergeant  and  acting  hospital  steward. 
Corps.  19.  Corporal. 

In  each  grade,  date  of  commission,  appointment,  or  warrant  determines  the  order 
of  precedence. 

10.  Officers  of  the  Regular  Army,  Marine  Corps,  and  volunteers  when  commis- 
sioned or  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States,  being  upon  equal  footing, 
take  precedence  in  each  grade  by  date  of  commission  or  appointment.  Militia  offi- 
cers, when  employed  with  the  regular  or  volunteer  forces  of  the  United  States,  take 
rank  next  after  all  officers  of  like  grade  in  those  forces. 

11.  Between  officers  of  the  same  grade  and  date  of  appointment  or  commission, 
other  than  through  promotion  by  seniority,  relative  rank  is  determined  by  length  of 
service,  continuous  or  ortherwise,  as  a  commissioned  officer  of  the  United  States, 
either  in  the  Regular  Army,  or,  since  April  19,  1861,  in  the  volunteer  forces.  When 
periods  of  service  are  equal,  precedence  will,  except  when  fixed  by  order  of  merit  on 
examination,  be  determined,  first,  by  rank  in  service  when  appointed;  second,  by 
former  rank  in  the  Army  or  Marine  Corps;  third,  by  lot,  among  such  as  have  not 
been  in  the  military  service  of  the  United  States. 

12.  The  relative  rank  between  officers  of  the  Army  and  Navy  is  as  follows,  lineal 
rank  only  being  considered : 

General  with  admiral.  Major  with  lieutenant-commander. 

Lieutenant-general  with  vice-admiral.  Captain  with  lieutenant. 

Major-general  with  rear-admiral.  First  lieutenant  with  lieutenant  (junior 

Brigadier-general  with  commodore. '  grade). 

Colonel  with  captain.  Second  lieutenant  with  ensign. 

Lieutenant-colonel  with  commander. 

1  The  grade  of  commodore  ceased  to  exist  as  a  grade  of  rank  on  the  active  list  in  the  Navy  of  the 
United  States  on  March  3,  1899.  By  section  7  of  the  act  of  March  3,  1899  (30  Stat.  L.,  971),  the  nine 
junior  rear-admirals  are  authorized  to  receive  the  pay  and  allowances  of  brigadier-generals  in  the 
Army. 


COMMAND APPOINTMENT    AND    PROMOTION.  3 

ARTICLE  IV. 

Command. 

13.  Comiriaiid  in  exercised  by  virtue  of  office  and  the  special  assignment  of 
ofRcers  holding  military  rank  who  are  eligible  by  law  to  exercise  command.  With- 
out orders  from  competent  authority  an  officer  can  not  put  himself  on  duty  by  virtue 
of  his  commission  alone,  except  as  contemplated  in  the  24th  and  122d  Articles  of 
War. 

14.  The  following  are  the  commands  appropriate  to  each  grade: 

1.  For  a  captain,  a  company. 

2.  For  a  major  or  lieutenant-colonel,  a  battalion  or  squadron. 

3.  For  a  colonel,  a  regiment. 

4.  For  a  brigadier-general,  two  regiments. 

5.  For  a  major-general,  four  regiments. 

15.  The  functions  assigned  to  any  officer  in  these  regulations  by  title  of  office 
devolve  upon  the  officer  acting  in  his  place,  except  when  otherwise  specified.  An 
officer  in  temporary  command  shall  not,  except  in  urgent  cases,  alter  or  annul  the 
standing  orders  of  the  permanent  commander  without  authority  from  the  next  higher 
commander. 

16.  An  officer  who  succeeds  to  any  command  or  duty  stands  in  regard  to  his  duties 
in  the  same  situation  as  his  predecessor.  The  officer  relieved  will  turn  over  to  his 
successor  all  orders  in  force  at  the  time  and  all  the  public  property  and  funds  per- 
taining to  his  command  or  duty,  and  will  receive  therefor  duplicate  receipts  showing 
the  condition  of  each  article. 

17.  An  officer  of  Engineers  or  Ordnance,  or  of  the  Adjutant-General's,  Inspector- 
General's,  Judge-Ad vocate-General's,  Quartermaster's,  or  Subsistence  Department, 
or  Signal  Corps,  or  the  Record  and  Pension  Office,  though  eHgible  to  command, 
according  to  his  rank,  shall  not  assume  command  of  troops  unless  put  on  duty  under 
orders  which  specially  so  direct,  by  authority  of  the  President. 

18.  An  officer  of  the  Pay  or  Medical  Department  can  not  exercise  command, 
except  in  his  own  department;  but  any  staff  officer,  by  virtue  of  his  commission,  may 
command  all  enlisted  men  like  other  commissioned  officers. 

19.  When  an  officer  is  charged  with  directing  an  expedition  or  making  a  recon- 
naissance, without  having  command  of  the  escort,  the  commander  of  the  escort  will 
consult  him  touching  all  arrangements  necessary  to  secure  the  success  of  the 
operation. 

ARTICLE  V. 

Appointment  and  Promotion  of  Commissioned  Officers. 

20.  Notices  of  appointments  and  promotions  are  issued  by  the  War  Department 
through  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

21.  Appointment  to  the  grade  of  general  officer  is  made  by  selection  from  the 
Army. 

22.  Oaths  of  office  of  officers  of  the  Army  will  be  taken  before  some  officer  who  is 
authorized  by  the  law  of  the  United  States  or  by  the  local  municipal  law  to  adminis- 
ter oaths,  before  the  judge-advocate  of  a  department,  or  of  a  court-martial,  or  by  the 
trial  officer  of  a  summary  court.  Officers  of  the  Army,  other  than  those  above  speci- 
fied, are  not  authorized  by  law  to  administer  such  oaths. 

23.  Promotions  in  established  staff  corps  and  departments  to  include  the  grade  of 
colonel  will  be  made  by  seniority,  subject  to  the  examination  required  by  law. 


4  APPOINTMENTS    AND    PROMOTIONS EXAMINATIONS. 

24.  Promotions  in  the  line  of  the  Army  to  include  the  grade  of  colonel,  in  each 
arm  of  the  service,  will  be  made  by  seniority,  subject  to  the  examinations  required 
by  law. 

25.  Whenever  any  officer  of  the  line  or  staff  is  ordered  before  an  examining  or 
retiring  board,  the  originals  or  copies  of  all  official  records  affecting  his  character 
or  efficiency,  on  file  in  any  bureau  of  the  War  Department,  will  be  furnished  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  and  by  him  forwarded  for  the  consideration  of  the 
respective  boards. 

26.  Vacancies  in  the  grade  of  second  lieutenant  existing  on  the  1st  day  of  July 
each  year  are  filled  by  appointment,  in  order,  as  follows:  (1)  From  graduates  of  the 
United  States  Military  Academy;  (2)  from  enlisted  men  of  the  Army  found  duly 
qualified;  (3)  from  civil  life. 

2'y.  A  soldier  to  be  eligible  for  the  position  of  candidate  for  promotion  must  be  a 
citizen  of  the  United  States,  unmarried,  between  21  and  30  years  of  age  on  the  1st  of 
September  following  his  preliminary  examination,  and  of  good  moral  character  both 
before  and  after  enlistment.  An  applicant  will  not  be  ordered  for  the  preliminary 
examination  unless  it  is  apparent  that  on  the  first  of  September  next  following  he 
will  have  served  honorably  not  less  than  two  years.  Such  service  need  not  have 
been  continuous,  but  must  have  been  rendered  as  an  officer  or  enlisted  man  in  the 
regular  or  volunteer  forces,  or  as  a  cadet  at  the  Military  Academy,  unless  such  cadet 
was  discharged  for  deficiency  in  conduct  or  studies,  in  which  case  he  will  not  be 
entitled  to  appointment  in  advance  of  the  graduation  of  his  class.  The  competitor 
at  the  date  of  his  application  must  be  an  enlisted  man  of  the  Regular  Army.  Appli- 
cations will  be  made  to  department  commanders  on  or  betore  February  1  of  each 
year,  and  company  commanders  in  forwarding  them  will  verify  the  statement  of 
service  submitted  by  enlisted  men  of  their  respective  commands. 

28.  With  a  view  to  the  selection  of  proper  enlisted  men  of  the  Army  as  ''candi- 
dates for  promotion"  to  the  grade  of  second  lieutenant,  each  department  commander 
will,  as  soon  as  practicable  after  March  15  of  each  year,  convene  a  board  of  five  offi- 
cers for  the  preliminary  examination  of  the  soldiers  of  his  command  who  are  legally 
qualified  applicants  for  a  commission  to  determine  their  eligibility  for  the  competi- 
tive examination.  This  board  will  institute  a  rigid  inquiry  into  the  character, 
capacity,  record,  and  qualifications  of  the  several  candidates,  and  will  recommend 
none  for  competitive  examination  who  are  not  able  to  establish  their  fitness  for  pro- 
motion to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  the  board.  On  September  1  of  each  year  the 
War  Department  will  convene  a  board  of  five  officers  for  the  final  competitive  exam- 
ination to  determine  the  fitness  and  order  of  merit  for  promotion  of  the  soldiers  who 
have  successively  passed  the  preliminary  examination.  Two  members  of  each  boar- 
will  be  officers  of  the  Medical  Department. 

29.  Each  enlisted  man  recommended  in  accordance  with  the  law^nd  the  fore- 
going regulation  will  receive  from  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  a  certificate  of 
eligibility  for  appointment  to  the  grade  of  second  lieutenant,  and  will  be  known  as  a 
"candidate"  for  promotion.  He  will  have  the  title  ** candidate"  prefixed  to  his 
name  in  all  rolls,  returns,  orders,  and  correspondence  in  which  it  appears,  and  will 
be  entitled  to  wear  the  candidate's  stripe  on  the  sleeves  of  uniform  coat,  blouse,  and 
overcoat  so  long  as  he  holds  this  specially  honorable  position. 

30.  The  eligibility  of  a  candidate  for  appointment  as  second  lieutenant  and  his 
privileges  as  candidate  terminate  the  1st  of  September  next  succeeding  his  competi- 
tive examination,  unless  he  shall  again  be  recommended  on  competitive  examination. 
A  candidate  who  becomes  ineligible  by  reason  of  age  will  be  entitled  to  wear  the  can- 
didate's stripe  on  the  left  sleeve  so  long  as  he  maintains  his  good  standing  in  the 
service.  Having  passed  a  departmental  board,  but  having  failed  to  pass  the  com- 
petitive board,  he  may  again  be  examined  by  the  competitive  board  on  proper 


APPOINTMENTS   AND    PROMOTIONS EXAMINATIONS.  5 

application  made  through  department  headquarters;  he  will  not  be  required  to  pass 
a  departmental  board  a  second  time.  An  applicant  who  twice  fails  in  competitive 
examination  to  obtain  a  certificate  of  eligibility  as  candidate  for  promotion  can  not 
again  compete  for  that  position. 

31.  Candidates  who  may  be  guilty  of  misconduct  will  be  promptly  reported  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  through  regimental  and  department  headquarters, 
the  report  to  contain  a  full  statement  of  the  alleged  misconduct,  with  names  of  wit- 
nesses. The  department  commander  will  see  that  the  candidate  has  a  fair  and 
impartial  hearing,  and  will  forward  the  report  for  the  decision  of  the  Secretary  of 
War. 

32.  Candidates  for  promotion  will  not  be  deprived  of  the  privileges  of  their  posi- 
tion except  by  sentence  of  a  general  court-martial  or  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of 
War,  or  by  operation  of  law  or  regulations.  While  holding  the  privileges  of  that 
position  they  will  not  be  brought  before  inferior  courts-martial  for  trial. 

33.  A  civilian  to  be  eligible  for  appointment  must  be  a  citizen  of  the  United  States, 
unmarried,  between  21  and  27  years  of  age,  must  be  examined  and  approved  as  to 
habits,  moral  character,  mental  and  physical  ability,  education,  and  general  fitness 
for  the  service,  by  a  board  convened  and  constituted  as  provided  in  paragraph  28  for 
the  final  competitive  examination  of  enlisted  men.  The  educational  qualifications 
required  for  appointment,  which  are  those  necessary  for  admission  to  the  service 
schools  at  Fort  Leavenworth  and  Fort  Monroe,  will  be  announced  in  orders  from 
time  to  time  by  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

34.  No  person  shall  be  examined  unless  he  has  a  letter  from  the  War  Department 
authorizing  his  examination. 

If  the  candidate  has  been  graduated  at  an  institution  where  he  received  military- 
instruction,  he  must  present  a  diploma  or  a  recommendation  from  the  faculty  of  the 
institution. 

If  a  member  of  the  National  Guard,  he  must  present  recommendations  from  the 
proper  National  Guard  authorities. 

35.  Every  candidate  will  be  subjected  to  a  rigid  physical  examination,  and  if 
there  be  found  to  exist  any  cause  of  disqualification  which  might  in  the  future  impair 
his  efiiciency  as  an  oflBcer  of  the  Army,  he  will  be  rejected.  The  board  will  inquire 
and  report  concerning  each  applicant  whether  he  is  of  good  moral  character  or 
addicted  to  the  use  of  intoxicating  liquors.  Examination  as  to  physical  qualifications 
will  conform  to  the  standard  required  of  recruits,  and  include  a  certificate  of  physical 
examination  by  two  medical  officers  to  accompany  the  proceedings  of  the  board 
( which  will  embrace  all  the  information  required  by  the  form  of  examination  of 
recruits). 


b  STAFF    APPOINTMENTS    AND    DETAILS ATTACHES. 

ARTICIiE  VI. 

Staff  Appointments  and  Details — Military  Attaches. 

36.  Regulations  respecting  details  of  line  officers  to  the  staff,  under  the  authority- 
conferred  by  the  act  of  February  2,  1901,  together  with  such  rules  as  may  be  pre- 
scribed by  the  President  in  regard  to  examinations  therefor,  will  be  announced  in 
orders,  from  time  to  time,  by  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

37.  As  far  as  practicable,  all  appointments  and  details  for  staff  duties  will  be  equal- 
ized among  the  several  regiments. 

3§.  In  making  details  for  special  duty  and  detached  service,  due  consideration  will 
be  given  to  the  efficiency,  zeal,  and  reliability  of  officers  as  evidenced  by  the  record 
of  their  services. 

39.  An  officer  will  not  be  detached  from  his  regiment  or  corps  until  he  has  served 
at  least  three  years  therewith,  and  when  an  officer  shall  have  been  so  detached  for  a 
period  of  four  years,  unless  he  be  assigned  to  special  duty  by  the  War  Department, 
he  will  apply  for  orders  to  be  relieved. 

40.  The  Lieutenant-General  is  allowed  by  law  two  aids  and  a  military  secretary; 
a  major-general  is  allowed  three  aids,  to  be  taken  from  captains  or  lieutenants  of  the 
Army;  a  brigadier-general  is  allowed  two  aids,  to  be  taken  from  the  lieutenants  of 
the  Army.  An  officer  assigned  to  duty  in  accordance  with  his  brevet  rank  as  major- 
general  or  brigadier-general  may,  with  the  special  sanction  of  the  War  Department, 
be  allowed  the  aids  of  the  grade.  General  officers  may  select  their  aids  from  officers 
serving  in  their  commands,  subject  to  the  restrictions  herein  prescribed,  but  appoint- 
ments as  aids  of  officers  serving  without  such  limits  must  receive  the  approval  of  the 
Secretary  of  War.  An  officer  will  be  appointed  aid  to  a  general  officer  only  after  he 
shall  have  actually  served  with  troops  for  at  least  three  of  the  five  years  immediately 
preceding  such  appointment.  He  will  hold  such  appointment  for  no  longer  period 
than  four  years,  except  that,  upon  the  request  of  a  general  officer  whose  retirement 
by  reason  of  age  will  occur  within  one  year,  the  tour  of  four  years  may  be  extended 
by  the  Secretary  of  War  to  the  date  of  such  retirement. 

41.  An  officer  of  the  Army  serving  as  military  attache  abroad  will  be  entitled  to 
the  following  allowances:  A  suitably  furnished  office  when  needed,  or  an  unfurnished 
room  with  one  desk  or  table,  six  chairs,  one  book  or  file  case,  the  articles  allowed  for 
an  office  desk  by  Regulations,  and  the  stationery  required  in  the  performance  of  public 
duty,  to  be  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  and  in  either  case  the  regu- 
lation allowance  of  fuel  for  one  office  fire.  Mounted  officers  will  be  allowed  forage 
if  horses  are  actually  kept,  and  officers  not  mounted,  or  mounted  officers  not  drawing 
forage,  the  hire  of  a  horse  when  necessary  for  mounted  duty.  Necessary  funds  for 
these  allowances  and  blank  forms  for  reports  and  returns  will  be  procured  by  requi- 
sition on  the  Quartermaster-General.  Money  accounts  will  be  rendered  quarterly. 
Items  for  necessary  cost  of  exchange  will  be  entered  on  accounts  current,  the  entries 
of  each  being  supported  by  the  certificate  of  the  officer  that  current  rates  of  exchange 
were  paid  and  that  other  vouchers  are  not  obtainable.  Allowances  of  mileage,  com- 
mutation of  quarters,  and,  except  as  provided  in  paragraph  1244,  transportation,  are 
the  same,  as  when  on  other  duty. 

42.  All  publications  of  a  military  nature  issued  by  the  Government  intended  for 
delivery  abroad  will,  unless  otherwise  ordered,  be  sent  to  the  War  Department, 
marked,  "Division  of  Military  Information." 


DETAILS    TO    COLLEGES CHAPLAINS.  7 

ARTICIiE   Vn. 

Details  to  Colleges. 

43.  Officers  of  the  Army  may  be  detailed  to  act  as  superintendents  or  professors 
of  established  military  institutes,  seminaries  or  academies,  colleges  or  universities. 
Officers  desiring  such  details  may  apply  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army 
through  regular  channels. 

44.  Regimental  staff  officers,  officers  who  have  served  less  than  five  years  in  the 
Army  or  less  than  three  years  with  their  regiments  or  corps,  those  who  have  recently 
completed  a  tour  of  detached  duty,  and  officers  on  duty  as  instructors  or  students  at 
the  service  schools  will  not  be  eligible. 

45.  A  retired  officer  may,  at  his  own  request,  be  detailed  for  this  duty,  or  he 
may  arrange  to  serve  at  a  college  without  detail  from,  or  reference  to  the  War 
Department. 

46.  No  detail  will  be  made  to  any  college  or  university  unless  the  officer  is 
acceptable  to  the  authorities  of  the  institution;  nor  will  an  officer  be  detailed  for 
such  duty  unless  drill  and  instruction  in  military  tactics  constitutes  a  part  of  the  pre- 
scribed course  of  study. 

41.  Instructions  to  officers  detailed  under  paragraph  43,  and  regulations  concern- 
ing applications  for  officers,  apportionment  of  details,  and  the  issue  of  the  ordnance 
stores  authorized  by  law,  will  be  furnished  by  the  War  Department. 

ARTICLE  VIII. 

Chaplains. 

48.  Regimental  chaplains  and  chaplains  of  the  Artillery  Corps  will  be  assigned 
and  transferred  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

49.  Department  commanders  will  from  time  to  time  recommend  such  transfers  of 
chaplains  in  their  commands  as  may  be  deemed  for  the  best  interests  of  the  service. 

50.  Chaplains  will  render  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  through  the 
usual  military  channels,  on  prescribed  forms,  monthly  reports  of  duties  performed. 
They  will  keep  an  accurate  record  of  all  marriage,  baptismal,  and  funeral  services 
performed  by  them,  both  for  persons  in  the  military  service  and  for  civilians.  This 
will  be  one  of  the  post  records  and  will  be  subject  to  examination  by  inspectors. 

51.  Chaplains  will  not  be  required  to  turn  out  with  troops  on  occasions  of  cere- 
mony, but  will  be  inspected  at  post  chapels,  schoolrooms,  or  libraries,  as  may  be 
designated  by  post  commanders. 


O  TRANSFEES    AND    EXCHANGES LEAVES    OF    ABSENCE. 

ARTICLE  IX. 

Transfer  or  Exchange  of  Officers. 

52.  Officers  transferred  from  one  arm  or  corps  to  another,  on  mutual  application, 
will  be  nominated  for  reappointment  with  rank  as  of  the  date  of  the  commission  of 
the  junior  officer  previous  to  the  transfer,  and  upon  confirmation  will  be  recommis- 
sioned  accordingly.  An  officer  of  the  lowest  grade  in  any  arm  or  corps  who  may  be 
transferred,  on  his  own  application,  to  a  vacancy  in  his  grade  in  any  other  arm  or 
corps  will  take  rank  next  after  the  junior  officer  of  the  arm  or  corps  to  which  he  is 
transferred,  and  will  be  nominated  for  reappointment,  with  a  new  date  of  rank  if 
necessary  to  fix  his  proper  position,  and  upon  confirmation  will  be  recommissioned 
accordingly.  These  new  appointments  and  commissions  will  determine  the  rank  of 
transferred  officers  in  their  regiments  and  corps  as  well  as  in  the  Army. 

53.  Officers  in  each  arm  of  the  service  will  be  transferred  from  one  regiment  to 
another  therein,. as  the  interests  of  the  service  require,  by  orders  from  the  War 
Department,  without  change  of  rank  or  commission.  The  transfer  or  exchange  of 
company  officers  of  a  regiment  or  of  the  artillery  corps  will  be  made  by  the  Com- 
manding General  of  the  Army. 

ARTICLE  X. 

Leaves  of  Absence  to  Officers. 

ORDINARY    leaves. 

54.  In  time  of  peace  the  commander  of  a  post  may  grant  leaves  of  absence  not  to 
exceed  seven  days  at  one  time,  or  in  the  same  month;  and  he  may  give  permission 
to  apply  to  the  proper  authority  for  extension  of  such  leaves  for  a  period  not  to 
exceed  twenty-three  days. 

55.  The  commander  of  a  post  may  take  leave  of  absence  not  to  exceed  seven  days 
at  one  time,  or  in  the  same  month,  reporting  the  fact  to  his  next  superior 
commander. 

56.  A  division  commander  may  grant  leaves  for  ten  days,  a  corps  or  department 
commander  for  one  month,  and  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army  for  four 
months;  or  they  may  extend  to  such  periods  those  granted  by  subordinate  com- 
manders. Applications  for  leaves  of  more  than  four  months'  duration,  or  from 
officers  of  the  staff  corps  and  departments  for  more  than  one  month,  or  from  depart- 
ment commanders  desiring  leaves  of  absence  to  pass  beyond  the  territorial  limits  of 
their  commands,  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  for  the 
action  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

57.  An  application  for  leave  must  state  its  desired  duration.-  Intermediate  com- 
manders will  indorse  their  recommendations  upon  the  application. 

5§.  Chiefs  of  bureaus  may  grant  leaves  for  one  month  to  officers  of  their  respec- 
tive corps  serving  under  their  immediate  direction,  or  extend  to  that  period  those 
already  granted  to  such  officers. 

59.  Leaves  of  absence  for  three  months,  from  date  of  graduation,  will  be  allowed 
to  graduates  of  the  Military  Academy.  They  will  not  be  counted  against  them  in 
subsequent  applications  for  leave,  but  can  not  be  postponed  to  another  time. 

60.  Leaves  of  absence  will  not  be  granted  so  that  a  company  will  be  left  without 
a  commissioned  officer,  or  a  post  without  two  commissioned  officers  and  competent 
medical  attendance;  nor  will  leave  of  absence  be  granted  to  an  officer  during  the 
season  of  active  operations,  except  in  case  of  urgent  necessity. 

61.  Leave  of  absence  exceeding  seven  days,  except  under  extraordinary  circum- 
stances particularly  stated  in  the  application,  will  not  be  granted  to  an  officer  until 
he  has  joined  his  regiment  or  corps  and  served  therein  at  least  two  years. 


LEAVES    OF    ABSENCE.  9 

62.  Applications  for  leaves  of  absence  will  not  be  made  except  through  military 
channels,  nor  will  extensions  be  granted  unless  recommended  by  competent  authority. 

63.  Leaves  of  absence  will  be  granted  in  terms  of  months  and  days,  as  "one 
month,"  "  one  month  and  ten  days."  Leave  for  one  month,  beginning  on  the  first 
day  of  a  calendar  month,  will  expire  with  the  last  day  of  the  month,  whatever  its 
number  of  days.  Commencing  on  an  intermediate  day,  the  leave  will  expire  the  day 
preceding  the  same  day  of  the  next  month.  The  day  of  departure,  whatever  the 
hour,  is  counted  as  a  day  of  duty;  the  day  of  return,  as  a  day  of  absence. 

64.  A  leave  of  absence  commences  on  the  day  following  that  on  which  the  officer 
departs  from  his  proper  station.  The  expiration  of  his  leave  must  find  him  at  his 
post,  except  as  indicated  in  paragraphs  1467  and  1484.  A  leave  of  absence  granted  an 
officer  in  the  field,  or  on  special  duty,  will  take  effect  on  the  termination  of  the  cam- 
paign, or  on  the  completion  of  such  duty,  unless  in  the  opinion  of  the  department 
commander  his  services  can  sooner  be  spared,  in  which  case  it  will  take  effect  at  such 
time  as  the  department  commander  may  direct.  In  all  other  cases  an  officer  is 
expected  to  avail  himself  of  a  leave  as  soon  as  proper  facilities  offer,  unless  a  specific 
date  is  stated  ir^  the  order,  and  if  unable  to  do  so,  he  will  report  the  fact  to  the 
authority  granting  the  leave. 

65.  Officers  will  not  leave  the  United  States  to  go  beyond  the  sea  without  per- 
mission from  the  War  Department. 

66.  An  officer  of  the  Army  visiting  foreign  countries,  whether  on  duty  or  leave, 
will  avail  himself  of  all  proper  opportunities  to  obtain  military  information,  espe- 
cially such  as  pertains  to  his  branch  of  the  service.  He  will  report  the  results  of  his 
observations  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  on  his  return  to  duty,  or  sooner 
if  practicable. 

67.  The  Department  of  State  will  hereafter  issue  special  passports  for  the  use  of 
officers  of  the  Army  traveling  abroad,  either  on  duty  or  leave  of  absence,  upon  the 
condition  that  they  be  put  to  use  tending  to  increase  the  efficiency  of  the  military 
service,  and  only  upon  the  request  of  the  War  Department,  and  never  upon  the 
direct  request  of  the  officers  themselves.  Applications  of  officers  for  special  pass- 
ports will  be  addressed  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  will  set  forth  the  rea- 
sons for  requesting  and  the  use  to  be  made  of  them,  and  they  must,  in  all  cases,  be 
accompanied  by  the  fee  of  one  dollar,  which  is  required  by  law  to  be  collected  for 
every  citizen's  passport  issued. 

6§.  An  officer  granted  leave  of  absence  for  more  than  seven  days  will,  before 
taking  advantage  thereof,  report  to  his  post  and  regimental  or  corps  commander  and 
to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  the  probable  date  of  his  departure  and  his  new 
address,  and  thereafter  he  will  immediately  report  any  change  in  his  address  to  the 
same  officers.  Verbal  permits  for  less  than  twenty-four  hours  are  not  counted  as 
leaves  of  absence,  but  every  other  absence,  of  whatever  duration,  with  date  of  depar- 
ture and  return,  will  be  noted  on  the  post,  regimental  and  department  returns. 

69.  Permission  to  hunt  will  not  be  considered  as  a  leave  of  absence  if  the  officer 
on  his  return  to  the  station  forwards  to  department  headquarters,  through  his  com- 
manding officer,  a  certificate  that  his  time  while  absent  was  employed  solely  in 
.hunting,  and  furnishes  a  report  giving  as  complete  a  description  as  possible  of  the 
country  traversed  by  him. 

TO.  Permission  to  hunt,  under  paragraph  69  of  these  regulations,  may  be  granted 
by  department  and  post  commanders  for  periods  not  exceeding  those  for  which  they 
are  authorized  to  grant  leaves  of  absence. 

71.  All  applications  for  extensions  of  leaves  of  absence  or  for  delays,  and  all  cor- 
respondence regarding  them,  will  pass  through  military  channels. 


10  SICK    LEAVES. 

SICK    LEAVES. 

72.  Application  for  leave  of  absence  on  account  of  sickness  will  be  made  to  the 
commanding  officer,  who  will  refer  it  to  the  surgeon.  The  surgeon  will  examine  the 
applicant  and  should  he  find  the  leave  necessary  to  restore  health,  he  will  submit  to 
the  commanding  oflicer  a  medical  certificate  in  the  prescribed  form,  stating  explicitly 
the  nature,  seat,  and  degree  of  the  disease,  wound,  or  disability,  the  cause  thereof  if 
known,  and  the  period  during  which  the  officer  has  suffered  from  it.  He  will  also 
give  his  opinion  as  to  whether  the  disease,  wound,  or  disability  can  be  satisfactorily 
treated  within  the  department  in  which  the  officer  is  stationed,  or  whether  a  change 
of  climate  or  locality  is  necessary  to  afford  more  rapid  or  perfect  recovery,  in  which 
case  the  special  place  or  region  recommended  will  be  designated,  with  reasons  there- 
for. The  surgeon  will  also  state  whether,  in  his  opinion,  the  disease,  wound,  or  dis- 
ability requires  t^-eatment  by  a  specialist,  and,  if  so,  the  nearest  place  where  it  can 
be  obtained;  also  whether  the  wound  or  disease  incapacitates  the  officer  from  all 
duty,  or  whether  he  can  perform  special  duty,  and,  if  so,  the  kind  that  he  may  under- 
take without  endangering  his  Ultimate  cure. 

73.  The  Commanding  General  of  the  Army  and  department  commanders  have 
the  same  authority  to  grant  leaves  of  absence  on  account  of  sickness  as  to  grant 
ordinary  leaves.  Permission  to  go  beyond  the  limits  of  the  command  in  which  the 
applicant  is  stationed  will  be  given  only  when  the  certificate  of  the  medical  officer 
shall  state  explicdtly  that  it  is  necessary  to  afford  rapid  or  perfect  recovery. 

74.  On  the  expiration  of  a  sick  leave,  if  the  officer  be  able  to  travel,  he  will  pro- 
ceed to  his  post  or  station.  If  an  extension  of  such  leave  be  necessary,  he  will  make 
timely  application  therefor  through  the  same  channel  as  in  case  of  request  for  exten- 
sion of  ordinary  leave,  basing  his  application  upon  a  medical  certificate  in  prescribed 
form,  AVhen  he  can  not  procure  the  certificate  of  a  medical  officer  he  will  substitute 
his  own  certificate,  on  honor,  as  to  his  condition,  which  will  embrace  a  full  statement 
of  his  case.  While  absent  from  duty  he  will  make  report  in  the  same  manner  as  if 
on  ordinary  leave. 

75.  An  officer  who  starts  to  join  his  station  at  the  expiration  of  a  sick  leave  will 
be  reported  on  the  rolls  and  returns  as  "en  route  to  join  station  from  sick  leave  of 
absence,"  during  the  time  necessarily  consumed  in  making  the  journey  to  his  post. 
Should  he  delay  en  route,  or  consume  more  time  in  the  journey  than  is  necessary, 
the  commanding  officer  will  require  him  to  explain  in  writing  the  cause  of  delay. 
This  explanation  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  with  the 
remarks  of  intermediate  commanders. 

76.  An  ordinary  leave  will  not  be  changed  to  a  sick  leave,  unless  the  officer  desir- 
ing it  make  application  therefor  through  his  post  commander,  by  whom  it  will  be 
referred  to  the  surgeon,  who  will  certify  as  to  the  necessity  of  the  change,  or  other- 
wise, as  the  case  may  be.  The  post  commander  will  forward  the  application  through 
intermediate  commanders,  who  will  indorse  their  remarks  thereon  for  the  action  of 
the  Commanding  General  of  Army  or  the  Secretary  of  War.  In  all  reports  concern- 
ing absence  on  account  of  sickness  the  officer  will  state  how  long  he  has  been  absent 
sick,  and  by  what  authority. 


OFFICERS    TRAVELING    ON    DUTY.  11 

ARTICLE  XI. 

Officers  Traveling  on  Duty. 

77.  When  an  officer  is  ordered  without  troops  from  one  post  of  duty  to  another, 
he  wiU  proceed  by  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route,  without  unnecessary  delay. 
Upon  his  arrival  at  his  new  post  he  will  immediately  report  in  writing  to  the  com- 
manding officer  the  date  of  his  departure  from  his  former  station,  and  submit  a  copy 
of  his  order,  noting  thereon  the  date  he  received  it.  If  he  shall  appear  to  have  made 
unnecessary  delay  en  route,  he  will  be  required  to  explain  the  cause  thereof.  If  the 
post  commander  deem  the  explanation  unsatisfactory,  he  will  forward  the  fSame, 
with  a  statement  of  the  facts  in  the  case,  to  the  department  commander.  If  the 
officer  be  superior  in  rank  to  the  post  commander,  the  required  report  will  be  made 
by  the  officer  himself  to  the  department  commander. 

7§.  Orders  detaching  an  officer  fo?  special  duty  will  direct  him  to  return  to  his 
proper  station  on  the  completion  of  the  duty  assigned  him  when  it  is  intended  that 
he  shall  do  so. 

79.  Delays  in  obeying  orders,  in  reporting  for  duty,  or  in  returning  to  duty  from 
leave  can  not  be  authorized  except  by  the  Secretary  of  War  or  the  Commanding 
Genera]  of  the  Army.  Such  delays  will  be  regarded  as  leaves  of  absence,  unless  it 
be  stated  in  the  order  granting  them  that  they  are  in  the  interest  of  the  public  service. 

80.  Orders  contemplating  the  payment  of  mileage  must  state  the  special  duty 
enjoined,  and  that  the  travel  directed  is  necessary  for  the  public  service.  They  will 
not  direct  travel  beyond  the  limits  of  the  command  of  the  officer  who  issues  them, 
except  that  commanders  of  departments  or  corps  outside  the  present  limits  of  the 
States  composing  the  Union  may  order  officers  of  their  commands  to  return  to  the 
United  States  in  cases  of  emergency,  in  which  the  travel  directed  is  manifestly  for 
the  public  interest  or  is  necessary  to  save  life.  When  a  general  is  ordered  on  duty 
beyond  the  limits  of  his  command,  he  may  order  an  officer  of  his  staff  to  accompany 
him;  if  ordered  to  change  station,  he  may  order  the  necessary  change  of  station  of 
his  personal  staff.. 

§1.  Staff  officers  not  serving  under  department  commanders  will  apply  to  the 
War  Department  for  orders  directing  necessary  travel  on  public  •business. 

§2.  When  urgent  public  duty  has  compelled  travel,  without  authority  previously 
obtained,  the  case  will  be  immediately  reported  to  the  proper  superior  officer,  whose 
approval  in  subsequent  orders  will  be  accepted  as  though  previously  issued. 

§3.  Orders  directing  officers  to  visit  Washington  for  the  settlement  of  their 
accounts  will  be  issued  only  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

§4.  Officers  and  enlisted  men  reporting  as  witnesses  before  a  civil  court  should 
receive  from  the  civil  authorities  the  necessary  expenses  incurred  in  travel  and 
attendance;  neither  mileage  nor  travel  allowances  will  be  paid  in  such  cases  by  the 
War  Department.  If,  however,  it  is  absolutely  necessary  to  furnish  them  transpor- 
tation in  kind  to  enable  them  to  appear,  as  witnesses  for  the  Government,  before  a 
civil  court  of  the  United  States,  an  account  of  such  expenditure,  together  with  the 
evidence  that  they  were  properly  subpoenaed  and  did  attend  the  court,  will  be  for- 
warded to  the  War  Department  for  presentation  to  the  Department  of  Justice.  Offi- 
cers providing  such  transportation  will  notify  the  court,  or  the  marshal  thereof,  that 
it  was  furnished  to  enable  the  witnesses  to  perform  the  requisite  journeys  in  obedi- 
ence to  the  summons.  _  ^_ 

■\  S  R  A  R  y 

Of  TMt 

NIYER8ITY 


12  RETIEEMENT  AND    RESIGNATION    OF    OFE10ER8. 

ARTICLE  Xn. 

Retirement  of  Officers. 

85.  When  an  officer  becomes  disabled  for  the  performance  of  duty  by  reason  of 
wounds,  sickness,  or  improper  habits,  his  immediate  commander  will  report  the 
facts  to  the  department  commander  for  the  action  of  the  War  Department.  The 
report  in  each  case  will  contain  specific  statements  and  the  names  of  witnesses  by 
whom  they  can  be  substantiated. 

§6.  Habitual  intemperance,  gambling,  or  other  vices  that  tend  to  corrupt  an 
officer  and  lower  tlie  professional  standard  will  be  regarded  as  proper  subjects  for 
the  consideration  and  report  of  a  retiring  board. 

87.  When  ample  testimony  establishes  the  fact  that  an  officer  haa  through  vicious 
indulgence  slighted  or  neglected  his  duties  to  such  a  degree  as  to  make  it  unsafe  to 
intrust  him  with  a  command,  or  with  responsibility  that  properly  belongs  to  his 
grade,  and  when  it  is  shown  that  such  habits  have  continued  for  such  length  of  time 
as  to  render  permanent  reformation  improbable,  this  fact,  rather  than  his  condition 
when  he  appears  before  the  board,  shall  weigh  in  its  finding  as  to  his  incapacity 
for  active  duty. 

88.  The  uniform  of  an  officer  on  the  retired  list  is  that  of  his  actual  rank  in  his 
regiment  or  corps  when  retired,  except  that  the  number  of  the  regiment  or  insignia 
of  corps  or  department  will  not  be  worn.  A  retired  officer  with  brevet  commission, 
either  in  the  regular  or  volunteer  service  of  the  Army  of  the  United  States,  may  wear 
the  uniform  of  his  highest  brevet  grade,  and  an  officer  who  has  held  a  commission, 
not  brevet,  in  the  volunteer  service,  may  wear  the  uniform  of  his  highest  grade  in 
that  service  except  that  the  number  of  the  regiment  or  insignia  of  corps  or  depart- 
ment will  not  be  worn. 

ARTICLE  XIII. 

Resignation  of  Officers. 

89.  A  resignation  tendered  by  an  officer  will  be  forwarded  by  his  commanding 
officer,  through  prescribed  channels,  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  for  the 
decision  of  the  President.  Until  duly  accepted,  the  officer  will  not  be  considered  as. 
out  of  the  service. 

90.  A  resignation  tendered  under  charges  will  be  forwarded,  accompanied  by  a 
report  of  the  case,  or,  if  practicable,  by  a  copy  of  the  charges.  All  correspondence  with 
the  War  Department,  on  the  part  of  the  officer  who  tenders  the  resignation,  will  be 
conducted  through  prescribed  channels. 

91.  Leave  of  absence  will  not  be  granted  on  tender  of  resignation  unless  the 
resignation  be  unconditional  and  immediate.  When  leave  is  requested,  the  officer's 
address  will  accompany  the  resignation. 

92.  An  officer  of  the  Army  on  the  active  list  who  accepts  or  exercises  the  func- 
tions of  a  civil  office  thereby  ceases  to  be  an  officer  of  the  Army.  An  officer  on  the 
active  list  can  not  lawfully  accept  or  hold  any  office  created  by  State  or  municipal 
authority,  whether  in  State  military  organizations  or  otherwise. 


DECEASED    OFFICERS.  13 

ARTICLE  XIV. 

Deceased  Officers. 

93.  The  death  of  an  offieer,  with  place,  cause,  day,  and  hour,  will  be  reported 
without  delay  by  his  immediate  commander  direct  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the 
Army.  A  duplicate  of  this  report  will  be  forwarded  to  department  headquarters. 
When  the  death  occurs  away  from  the  officer's  station,  in  hospital  or  on  leave,  the 
medical  officer,  if  one  be  present,  or  any  officer  having  cognizance  of  the  fact,  will 
make  the  report. 

94.  Inventories  of  the  effects  of  deceased  officers,  as  required  by  the  one  hundred 
and  twenty-fifth  article  of  war,  will  be  transmitted  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the 
Army.  If  legal  representatives  take  possession  of  the  effects,  the  fact  will  be  stated 
in  the  inventory. 

95.  In  each  case  of  death  occurring  among  the  registered  passengers  on  an  army 
transport,  i.  e.,  officers  and  enlisted  men  not  belonging  to  distinct  commands  on 
board,  as  well  as  civilians  and  employees,  the  transport  quartermaster  will  secure 
the  effects  and  prepare  a  letter  to  the  nearest  relative  setting  forth  the  name,  rank, 
company,  regiment,  employment,  or  condition  of  the  deceased ;  place,  cause,  day,  and 
hour  of  death;  disposition  made  of  remains  and  effects,  and  list  of  the  latter,  and  mail 
the  communication  at  the  earliest  opportunity  to  its  address.  Such  notification  of 
death  in  the  case  of  an  officer,  enlisted  man,  or  civilian  employee  of  the  Army  shall 
also  include  the  information  that,  if  it  be  desired,  the  remains  will  be  shipped  home  at 
Government  expense  upon  application  therefor,  by  the  nearest  relative,  addressed  to 
the  Quartermaster-General,  United  States  Army,  Washington,  D.  C;  but  if  not 
applied  for  within  six  weeks  after  arrival  at  port  in  the  United  States  the  remains  will 
be  buried  in  a  national  cemetery  and  thereafter  will  not  be  disinterred  and  shipped 
home  at  public  expense;  also  that  inquiries  concerning  the  pay  and  effects  of  deceased 
officers  and  soldiers  should  be  addressed  to  the  Adjutant-General,  United  States 
Army,  Washington,  D.  C. 

96.  If  there  be  no  legal  representatives  present  to  receive  the  effects,  a  list  of 
them  will  be  sent  to  the  nearest  relative  of  the  deceased.  At  the  end  of  two  months, 
if  not  called  for,  they  will  be  sold  at  auction  and  accounted  for  as  in  the  case  of 
deceased  soldiers,  except  that  swords,  watches,  trinkets,  and  similar  articles  will  be 
labeled  with  the  name,  rank,  regiment,  and  date  of  death  of  the  owner  and  sent 
through  the  Adjutant-General  to  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department  for  the  benefit 
of  the  heirs. 

97.  On  the  death  of  an  officer  in  charge  of  public  property  or  funds  his  com- 
manding officer  will  appoint  a  board  of  survey,  which  will  inventory  the  same  and 
make  the  customary  returns  therefor,  stating  accurately  amounts  and  condition. 
These  the  commanding  officer  will  forward  to  the  chiefs  of  the  bureaus  to  which  the 
property  or  funds  pertain,  and  he  will  designate  an  officer  to  take  charge  of  such 
property  or  funds  until  orders  in  the  case  are  received  from  the  proper  authority. 

98.  Cash  in  the  hands  of  a  deceased  officer  may  be  invoiced  by  a  board  of  survey 
appointed  under  paragraph  97  of  the  Regulations  to  the  deceased  officer's  successor, 
but  balances  to  his  credit  with  the  Treasurer,  an  assistant  treasurer,  a  designated 
depository,  or  a  fiscal  agent  of  the  United  States,  over  and  above  his  outstanding 
checks,  will  be  covered  into  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States  by  the  chiefs  of 
bureaus  when  the  board  of  survey  has  reported  to  the  bureaus  the  balances  over 
and  above  such  checks.  A  deceased  officer's  successor  will  not  endeavor  to  secure 
the  transfer  to  himself  of  the  deceased  officer's  balances  with  the  Treasurer,  assistant 
treasurer,  designated  depository,  or  fiscal  agent,  but  will  make  requisition  upon  the 
proper  authorities  for  such  funds  as  he  may  need. 


14  THE    POST    NONCOMMISSIONED    STAFF. 

99.  The  remains  of  officers  killed  in  action,  or  who  die  when  on  duty  in  the  field 
or  at  military  posts,  or  when  traveling  under  orders,  will  be  inclosed  in  coffins,  and, 
unless  claimed  by  relatives  or  friends,  will  be  transported  by  the  Quartermaster's 
Department  to  the  nearest  military  post  or  national  cemetery,  or,  if  so  desired  by 
their  relatives,  to  their  homes  for  burial.  The  expense  of  transporting  the  remains 
is  payable  from  the  appropriation  for  Army  transportation  or  from  funds  specially 
appropriated  for  that  purpose.  Other  expenses  of  burial  are  limited  to  $75,  and  will 
be  restricted  to  the  cost  of  the  casket,  hire  of  hearse,  and  the  reasonable  and  neces- 
sary expenses  of  preparing  the  remains  for  burial.  If  buried  at  the  place  of  death, 
the  fact  will  be  reported  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

ARTICLE    XV. 

The  Post  Noncommissioned  Staff. 

100.  The  post  noncommissioned  staff  consists  of  ordnance,  post  commissary,  post 
quartermaster,  and  electrician  sergeants.  They  are  appointed  by  the  Secretary  of  War, 
after  due  examination,  from  sergeants  in  the  line  of  the  Army;  ordnance  sergeants 
from  those  who  have  served  at  least  eight  years  in  the  Army,  including  four  years  as 
noncommissioned  officers,  and  who  are  less  than  45  years  of  age;  commissary  ser- 
geants from  those  who  have  served  five  years  in  the  Army,  including  three  years  as 
noncommissioned  officers;  post  quartermaster  sergeants  from  those  who  have  served 
four  years  in  the  Army ;  electrician  sergeants,  as  a  rule,  from  those  who  have  served 
three  years  in  the  Army  and  about  one-third  of  that  time  as  noncommissioned  offi- 
cers, exceptions  being  made  only  in  cases  of  particularly  well-equipped  applicants 
from  civil  life. 

101.  An  application  for  appointment  must  be  in  the  handwriting  of  the  applicant, 
and  will  briefly  state  the  length  and  nature  of  his  military  service,  and  for  what  time 
and  in  what  organizations  he  has  served  as  a  noncommissioned  officer.  The  com- 
pany commander  will  indorse  thereon  the  character  of  the  applicant  and  his  opinion 
as  to  his  intelligence  and  fitness  for  the  position.  The  application  so  indorsed  will 
be  submitted  to  the  regimental  or  artillery  corps  commander,  who  will  forward  the 
same,  with  his  remarks  as  to  the  merits  of  the  applicant,  to  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army. 

102.  While  the  law  contemplates  in  these  appointments  the  better  preservation 
of  public  property  at  the  several  posts,  there  is  also  a  further  consideration — that  of 
offering  a  reward  to  faithful  and  well-tried  sergeants,  thus  giving  encouragement  to 
deserving  soldiers  to  hope  for  substantial  promotion.  Colonels  and  captains  can  not 
be  too  particular  in  investigating  and  reporting  upon  the  character  and  qualifications 
of  applicants. 

103.  Before  the  applicant  is  appointed  he  will  be  examined  by  a  board  of  officers 
convened  for  the  purpose  by  the  department  commander  under  orders  from  the  Sec- 
retary of  War.  The  scope  of  the  examination  is  set  forth  in  paragraph  105,  modifi- 
cations therein  will  be  announced  in  orders,  from  time  to  time,  by  the  Adjutant- 
General  of  the  Army. 

104.  Preliminary  to  the  examination  by  the  board,  the  applicant  will  be  exam- 
ined by  a  medical  officer,  to  determine  whether  he  is  physically  fitted  to  perform  all 
duties  incident  to  the  position  sought. 

105.  The  examining  board  will  inquire  into,  and  report  upon,  the  age,  character, 
service,  and  physical  condition  of  the  applicant;  upon  his  education,  clerical  pro- 
ficiency, and  general  fitness  to  perform  the  duties  of  the  position  sought;  upon  his 
knowledge  of  Army  Regulations  and  the  regulations  of  the  department  which  he 
seeks  to  enter. 


THE    POST    NONCOMMISSIONED    STAFF.  15 

106.  Before  assignment  to  posts,  ordnance  sergeants  will  be  sent  to  arsenals,  when 
practicable,  for  temporary  duty  and  instruction. 

107.  The  stations  of  post  noncommissioned  staff  officers  will  be  designated  by 
the  Secretary  of  War. 

10§.  A  sergeant  of  the  post  noncommissioned  staff  will  assist  the  officer  of  his 
department,  and  will  not  l)e  detailed  upon  any  service  that  will  interfere  therewith. 
If  the  necessities  of  the  service  require  such  detail,  the  post  commander  will  note  the 
fact,  with  reasons  therefor,  on  the  sergeant's  monthly  personal  report. 

109.  A  sergeant  of  the  post  noncommissioned  staff  at  an  ungarrisoned  post  or 
station  will  be  responsible  for  the  property  of  his  own  department,  and  for  such  other 
property  as  may  be  intrusted  to  him  for  safe-keeping.  For  all  public  property  com- 
mitted to  his  charge  he  will  account  to  the  heads  of  the  staff  departments  concerned, 
and  if  the  means  at  his  disposal  are  insufficient  for  its  preservation,  he  will  report 
the  facts. 

no.  The  men  selected  for  appointment  as  electrician  sergeants  must  not  only 
have  the  requisite  technical  ability,  but  should,  as  a  rule,  be  trained  soldiers  of  good 
habits  and  have  some  knowledge  of  property  responsibility.  Applications  of  enlisted 
men  will  be  forwarded  through  military  channels,  and,  as  far  as  practicable,  after 
appointment  they  will  be  assigned  to  posts  where  serving.  They  will  be  examined, 
in  accordance  with  paragraphs  103,  104,  and  105  of  these  Regulations,  at  one  of  the 
principal  seacoast  artillery  stations  where  electrical  and  power  plants  and  apparatus 
are  available,  by  a  board  of  artillery  officers,  one  member,  at  least,  of  which  should 
have  practical  knowledge  of  electricity,  electrical  instruments,  machinery,  and  power 
plants.  The  examination  will  be  practical  in  character,  and  will  include  in  its  scope 
the  operation  of  oil  and  steam  engines,  dynamos,  and  motors,  the  general  subject  of 
electrical  wiring,  the  use  of  electrical  instruments  and  apparatus,  and  such  other 
instruments  and  appliances  as  are  ordinarily  found  at  an  artillery  post  when  prop- 
erly equipped  for  fire  control.  The  examination  may  be  either  oral  or  written,  but 
will  be  sufficiently  thorough  to  determine  the  practical  qualifications  of  the  applicant 
for  the  duties  of  the  post.  The  proceedings  will  be  sent  through  military  channels 
to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  for  the  action  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  by  whom 
the  appointments  will  be  made.  Before  assignments  to  posts,  electrician  sergeants 
will,  when  practicable,  be  sent  to  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  or  some  other  \v'ell-equipped 
artillery  post,  for  temporary  duty  and  instruction.  Changes  in  station  of  electrician 
sergeants  will  be  made,  upon  recommendation  of  the  chief  of  artillery  by  the 
Adjutant-General. 

111.  The  military  control  of  noncommissioned  officers  of  the  general  staff  serving 
at  posts  not  occupied  by  troops  is  vested  in  the  commander  of  the  territorial  depart- 
ment in  which  they  are  seiving.  All  matters  relating  to  them  as  soldiers  subject  to 
military  command,  as  distinguished  from  the  administrative  duties  imposed  upon 
them  by  regulations  and  orders,  will,  except  in  cases  of  re*enlistment,  be  determined 
at  department  headquarters,  where  their  descriptive  lists  and  accounts  of  pay  and 
clothing  will  be  kept.  When  they  are  discharged  a  copy  of  the  descriptive  list,  upon 
which  will  be  noted  the  fact  of  discharge,  with  the  date,  place,  and  cause,  and  the 
character  given  on  the  discharge  certificate,  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant- 
General  of  the  Army. 

112.  Each  sergeant  of  the  post  noncommissioned  staff  will  make  such  personal 
reports  as  may  be  required  by  the  head  of  the  staff  department  to  which  he  belongs. 
The  officer  under  whose  orders  he  is  serving  will  indorse  on  each  report  his  opinion 
of  the  manner  in  which  the  sergeant  has  performed  his  duties,  and  the  post  com- 
mander will  forward  the  report  direct  to  the  chief  of  bureau  or,  in  the  case  of  elec- 
trician sergeants,  to  the  chief  of  artillery.  If  there  be  no  troops  at  the  post,  the 
sergeant  will  forward  the  report  direct  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 


16  DETACHED    SOLDIEES FURLOUGHS. 

113.  A  sergeant  of  the  post  noncommissioned  staff  may  be  re-enlisted,  provided 
he  shall  have  conducted  himself  properly  and  performed  his  duties  in  a  satisfactory 
manner.  If,  however,  his  commanding  officer  shall  not  think  it  proper  to  make  the 
re-enlistment,  he  will  communicate  his  reasons  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army 
in  time  to  receive  the  decision  of  the  War  Department  before  the  sergeant's  discharge. 
If  serving  at  an  ungarrisoned  post,  application  for  re-enlistment  will  be  made  by  the 
sergeant  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  through  department  headquarters. 
One  of  the  duplicate  re-enlistment  papers  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army  immediately  upon  the  re-enlistment  of  the  soldier;  the  other  will  be 
filed  at  the  sergeant's  station,  if  a  garrisoned  post,  or  if  not,  at  the  headquarters  of 
the  department  in  which  he  is  serving. 

114.  Sergeants  of  tiie  post  noncommissioned  staff,  though  liable  to  discharge  for 
inefficiency  or  misconduct,  will  not  be  reduced. 

ARTICLE  XVI. 

Detached  Soldiers:  Descriptive  Lists. 

115.  Enlisted  men  detached  from  their  companies  will  be  provided  with  descrip- 
tive lists  showing  the  pay  due  them,  the  condition  of  their  clothing  allowances,  and 
all  information  necessary  to  the  settlement  of  their  accounts  with  the  Government 
should  they  be  discharged.  When  it  can  be  avoided,  the  descriptive  list  will  not 
be  intrusted  to  the  soldier,  but  to  an  officer  or  noncommissioned  officer,  under  whose 
charge  he  may  be  serving,  or  it  may  be  forwarded  by  mail.  The  immediate  com- 
manding officer  will  note  upon  the  descriptive  lists  the  date  and  result  of  the  last 
vaccination  of  each  soldier. 

ARTICIiE   XVII. 

Furloughs  to  Soldiers. 

116.  Furloughs  in  the  prescribed  form  for  periods  of  twenty  days  may  be  granted 
to  enlisted  men  by  commanding  officers  of  posts,  or  by  regimental  commanders,  if 
the  companies  to  which  they  belong  are  under  their  control.  A  furlough  will  not  be 
granted  to  a  soldier  about  to  be  discharged;  nor  shall  the  number  of  enlisted  men 
furloughed  from  any  command  exceed,  at  any  time,  five  per  centum  of  the  enlisted 
strength  present  therewith. 

117.  Corps  or  department  commanders  may  grant  furloughs  to  enlisted  men, 
sergeants  of  the  post  noncommissioned  staff  excepted,  for  two  months,  and  the 
Commanding  General  of  the  Army  for  four  months,  or  they  may  extend  to  such 
periods  furloughs  already  granted.  For  a  longer  period  than  four  months  the  author- 
ity of  the  Secretary  of  War  is  necessary.  Permission  to  delay  may  be  granted  to 
enlisted  men  traveling  under  orders  as  authorized  for  furloughs.  The  conditions 
under  which  furloughs  to  soldiers  on  reenlistment  are  authorized  will  be  announced 
from  time  to  time  in  orders. 

11§.  The  commanding  officer  of  a  corps,  or  of  a  separate  command  in  the  field, 
may  suspend  the  granting  of  furloughs  in  any  or  all  organizations  within  his  com- 
mand whenever,  in  his  opinion,  circumstances  may  render  it  necessary,  or  advisable, 
or  for  the  best  interests  of  the  service. 

119.  Furloughs  to  sergeants  of  the  post  noncommissioned  staff,  or  to  enlisted  men 
acting  as  such,  may  be  granted  as  follows:  By  a  post  commander  for  seven  days  in 
case  of  emergency  only;  by  a  department  commander  for  one  month.  Application 
for  furlough  for  a  longer  period  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the 
Army  for  the  decision  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

120.  Furloughs  will  not  be  granted  by  commanding  officers  permitting  soldiers  to 
go  beyond  the  limits  of  the  next  higher  command.     To  enable  them  to  pass  such 


FURLOUGHS.  17 

limits  the  sanction  of  higher  authority  must  be  obtained  and  indorsed  on  the  fur- 
loughs. The  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War  must  be  obtained  to  allow  an  enlisted 
man  on  furlough  to  leave  the  United  States.  The  limits  prescribed  will  be  stated  in 
the  furlough,  and  if  exceeded,  it  may  be  revoked  and  the  soldier  arrested.  A  com' 
pany  commander  in  forwarding  an  application  for  furlough  will  state  previous 
absences  on  furlough,  and  the  authority  therefor.  The  authority  under  which  a 
furlough  is  granted  (whether  under  Army  Regulations  or  in  pursuance  of  the  orders 
of  a  superior)  should  be  cited  on  the  face  of  the  furlough  by  the  officer  granting  it. 

121.  On  the  application  of  a  soldier  on  furlough,  made  at  the  nearest  military 
station  and  showing  clearly  the  urgency  of  his  case,  a  department  commander  may 
order  transportation  and  subsistence  to  be  furnished  to  enable  him  to  rejoin  his 
proper  station,  and  the  company  commander  will  charge  the  cost  thereof  against  the 
soldier's  pay  on  the  next  muster  and  pay  rolls,  in  accordance  with  paragraphs  1203 
and  1422.     The  date  of  the  application  will  be  entered  on  the  furlough. 

122.  Furloughs  granted  to  enlisted  men  serving  in  Cuba,  Porto  Rico,  Hawaii, 
Guam,  the  Philippine  Islands,  the  Department  of  Alaska,  or  at  any  station  beyond  the 
limits  of  the  United  States,  for  the  purpose  of  returning  to  this  country,  will  take  effect 
on  the  dates  they  reach  the  United  States,  which  will  be  indorsed  on  the  furloughs 
by  the  transport  commissaries.  The  furloughs  will  direct  the  soldier  to  report  for 
duty  at  the  close  of  the  last  day  thereof  at  the  military  post  nearest  the  particular 
home  port  from  which  transports  usually  sail  for  the  islands  or  stations  above  referred 
to,  and  the  commanding  officers  of  these  posts  will  assign  such  enlisted  men  to 
organizations  under  their  command  for  the  purpose  of  subsistence  during  the  time 
they  are  detained  at  their  posts,  and  they  will  be  returned  to  their  proper  stations 
by  the  first  available  transport.  Commanding  officers  will  cause  notation  to  be 
made  on  the  furloughs  showing  the  dates  when  the  men  report  at  their  posts,  and  at 
the  proper  time  will  issue  the  necessary  orders  directing  them  to  rejoin  their  sta- 
tions, reciting  therein  the  date  of  their  arrival  in  the  United  States,  date  of  reporting 
at  post,  and  whether  or  not  commutation  of  rations  has  been  paid.  A  copy  of  the 
order  will  be  furnished  to  the  soldier  and  to  the  commanding  officers  concerned. 

The  commissary  of  the  transport  on  which  these  enlisted  men  return  will  indorse 
on  such  orders  the  dates  during  which  they  were  subsisted  aboard  the  transport. 
The  order  will  be  retained  by  the  enlisted  man,  who  will  deliver  it  to  his  command- 
ing officer  as  evidence  of  his  authority  to  be  absent  from  his  post  during  the  time 
required  for  travel  in  rejoining  the  same. 

123.  When  the  station  of  an  enlisted  man  is  changed  while  he  is  on  furlough,  he 
will,  on  joining  his  new  station,  be  entitled  to  travel  allowances  for  the  excess  of 
distance  from  the  place  of  receipt  of  the  order  to  the  new  station,  provided  the 
distance  is  greater  than  that  from  the  old  to  the  new  station.  A  soldier  who  has 
returned  to  the  station  from  which  furloughed,  his  company  having  changed  station 
during  his  absence,  is  entitled  to  transportation  at  the  expense  of  the  Government 
from  the  old  to  the  new  station  of  his  company.  Charges  for  transportation  furnished 
to  enlisted  men  on  furlough,  in  pursuance  of  paragraph  110,  will  be  adjusted  in 
accordance  with  the  requirements  of  this  regulation. 

124.  Soldiers  on  furlough  will  not  take  with  them  their  arms  or  accouterments, 
and  no  payments  will  be  made  to  them  without  authority  from  the  Secretary 
of  War. 

22778—03 2 


18  TRANSFERS    OF    ENLISTED    MEN DESERTERS. 

ARTICLE    XVIII. 

Transfer  of  Enlisted  Men. 

125.  Transfers  of  enlisted  men  will  be  made  for  cogent  reasons  only.  They  will 
be  effected  as  follows: 

1.  From  one  company  to  another  of  the  same  regiment,  not  involving  change  of 
station,  by  the  colonel.  In  cases  involving  change,  then  by  the  colonel  with  the 
consent  of  the  department  commander,  if  change  of  station  is  within  department 
limits. 

2.  From  one  regiment  to  another,  and  between  companies  of  the  same  regiment 
serving  in  different  military  departments,  by  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army. 

3.  In  all  other  cases,  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

126.  A  transfer  will  take  effect  on  the  date  of  the  receii^t  of  the  order  at  the  post 
where  the  soldier  is  serving  and  a  descriptive  list  and  account  of  pay  and  clothing 
showing  that  date  will  be  forwarded  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  company  or 
detachment  to  which  the  soldier  is  transferred.  The  actual  date  of  transfer  will  be 
stated  on  the  roll  upon  which  the  soldier  is  first  paid  after  transfer. 

ARTICLE  XIX. 

Deserters. 

127.  When  a  soldier  deserts,  a  board  of  survey  will  be  called  by  the  post  or  regi- 
mental commander  to  ascertain  whether  he  has  lost  or  abstracted  any  articles  of 
Government  property;  and  if  so,  to  determine  the  money  value  of  the  same.  The 
value  of  the  articles  thus  found  to  be  missing  will  be  charged  against  the  deserter  on 
the  next  muster  rolls  of  his  company,  which  will  be  accompanied  by  a  copy  of  the 
board's  report.  A  copy  of  so  much  of  the  proceedings  as  relate  to  the  property 
charged  on  any  roll  will  accompany  the  return  to  which  the  property  pertains. 

12§.  Deserters  received  at  recruiting  stations,  if  physically  fit  for  service,  will  be 
sent  at  once  to  such  military  post  as  the  commander  of  the  department  in  which  the 
arrest  or  delivery  is  made  may  designate;  provided,  however,  that  recruit  deserters 
and  deserters  physically  disqualified  for  service  will  be  held  at  the  recruiting  stations, 
and  direct  telegraphic  report  made  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  with  request 
for  instructions.  The  necessary  transportation  will  be  furnished  by  the  Quarter- 
master's Department. 

129.  Soldiers  deserting  from,  and  deserters  received  at  a  post  other  than  the  station 
of  the  companies  or  detachments  to  which  they  belong  will  be  reported  by  the  com- 
manding officer  of  such  post  to  the  commanding  officers  of  their  companies  or 
detachments. 

1 30.  When  a  report  is  received  of  the  apprehension  or  surrender  of  a  deserter  at 
a  post  other  than  the  station  of  his  company,  his  company  commander  will  immedi- 
ately forward  his  descriptive  list  and  account  of  pay  and  clothing  to  the  officer  mak- 
ing the  report. 

131.  When  a  deserter  surrenders  or  is  delivered  at  a  military  post  the  post  com- 
mander will  cause  immediate  inquiry  to  be  made  in  regard  to  dates  of  enlistment 
and  desertion,  and  if  these  indicate  that  trial  is  barred  by  law,  and  the  deserter 
claims  to  have  been  within  the  limits  of  the  United  States  during  two  years  of  his 
absence  in  desertion  and  there  is  no  attainable  evidence  in  disproof  thereof,  will 
require  him  to  file  an  affidavit  asserting  his  claim,  will  immediately  set  him  at  lib- 
erty with  instructions  to  apply  by  letter  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  for  a 
"deserter's  release,"  and  will  then  report  his  action  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the 
Army,  transmitting  with  the  report  the  affidavit  above  mentioned. 


DESERTERS REWARDS.  19 

132.  An  enlisted  man  apprehended  or  surrendering  as  a  deserter,  and  whose  trial 
for  desertion  is  not  barred  by  the  statute  of  limitations,  will  be  examined  by  a  med- 
ical officer  at  the  post  where  he  is  received,  and  a  report  of  this  examination  will  be 
forwarded  to  department  headquarters.  If,  on  account  of  disease,  age,  or  other  per- 
manent disability,  the  man  is  found  unfit  for  service,  the  report,  with  the  depart- 
ment commander's  recommendation  thereon,  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant- 
General  of  the  Army.  If  the  examination  shows  that  the  man  is  fit  for  service,  the 
department  commander  will  bring  him  to  trial,  or  restore  him  to  duty  without  trial, 
as  the  interests  of  the  Government  may  dictate. 

133.  Whenever  a  desertion  occurs  at  a  post,  the  commanding  officer  will  cause  a 
number  of  descriptive  lists  of  the  deserter  to  be  prepared  on  the  special  form  pre- 
scribed. Copies  of  this  list  will  be  sent  at  once  to'  such  marshals,  sheriffs,  and  police 
officers  as  the  commanding  officer  may  deem  proper;  also  to  the  officer  in  charge  of 
any  recruiting  station  at  or  near  the  deserter's  place  of  enlistment,  who  will  dis- 
tribute them  to  the  best  advantage  among  civil  officers  in  that  vicinity  authorized 
by  existing  law  to  summarily  arrest  deserters  from  the  Army. 

134.  A  post  commander  will  promptly  notify  the  surgeon  of  every  desertion  from 
his  command,  giving  the  full  name,  company,  and  regiment  of  the  deserter,  with 
dates  of  enlistment  and  desertion,  and  the  surgeon  will  at  once  report  the  case  to  the 
Surgeon-General  direct.  When  there  is  no  surgeon  on  duty  at  the  post,  the  post 
commander  will  make  the  report  to  the  Surgeon-General.  Blanks  for  this  purpose 
will  be  furnished  by  the  Medical  Department. 

135.  A  reward  of  $30  will  be  paid  to  any  civil  officer  having  authority  for  the 
apprehension  and  delivery  to  the  proper  military  authorities  at  a  military  station 
(or  at  some  convenient  point  as  near  thereto  as  may  be  agreed  upon)  of  any  deserter 
from  the  military  service,  except  such  as  can  claim  exemption  from  trial  under  the 
statute  of  limitations,  and  such  officer  will  also  be  reimbursed  for  actual  cost  of  ticketg 
over  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route  for  himself  to  and  from  such  station  or  point 
and  for  the  deserter  to  such  station  or  point  not  to  exceed  $20.  The  reward  and 
actual  cost  of  tickets  will  be  paid  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  and  will  be  in 
full  satisfaction  of  all  expenses  for  arresting,  keeping,  and  delivering  the  deserter. 
The  payment  will  be  reported  to  the  commander  of  a  company  or  detachment  to 
which  the  deserter  belongs. 

136.  When  enlisted  men  are  sent  in  pursuit  of  a  deserter,  the  expenses  necessarily 
incurred  will  be  paid  whether  he  be  apprehended  or  not,  and  will  be  reported  as  in 
payment  of  rewards.  Should  a  written  order  be  issued  for  this  duty  and  a  transpor- 
tation request  be  furnished  the  party  in  pursuit,  the  name,  rank,  company,  and 
regiment  of  the  deserter  will  be  stated  in  the  order  and  also  noted  on  the  request. 

137.  Rewards  or  expenses  paid  for  apprehending  a  deserter,  and  the  expenses 
incurred  in  transporting  him  from  point  of  apprehension,  delivery,  or  surrender  to 
the  station  of  his  company  or  detachment,  or  to  the  place  of  his  trial,  including  the 
cost  of  transportation  of  the  guard,  will  be  set  against  his  pay  upon  conviction  of 
desertion  by  a  court-martial,  or  upon  his  restoration  to  duty  without  trial.  A  soldier 
convicted  by  a  court-martial  of  absence  without  leave  will  be  charged  with  the 
expense  incurred  in  transporting  him  to  his  proper  station.  The  transportation  and 
subsistence  of  witnesses  will  not  be  charged  against  a  deserter. 

13§.  If  a  soldier  be  brought  to  trial  under  a  charge  of  desertion  and  acquitted,  or 
convicted  of  absence  without  leave  only,  or  if  the  sentence  be  disapproved  by  proper 
authority,  any  amount  paid  as  a  reward  for  his  arrest  will  not  be  stopped  against 
his  pay  unless,  in  case  of  conviction  of  absence  without  leave,  the  sentence  of  the 
court  shall  so  direct. 

139.  A  reward  of  $10  will  be  paid  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  for  the 
capture  and  delivery  at  any  military  post  of  an  escaped  general  prisoner.  This 
amount  will  be  in  full  for  all  expenses  incurred  in  capture  and  delivery.     The  pay- 


20  DESERTEES. 

ment  will  be  reported  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  post  trom  which  the  prisoner 
escaped,  and  this  officer  will  inform  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  of  the  date  of 
escape  and  the  date  and  place  of  capture. 

140.  Deserters  will  be  brought  to  trial  with  the  least  practicable  delay.  While 
awaiting  trial  they  will  receive  no  pay,  nor  will  they  be  permitted  to  sign  pay  rolls, 
and  will  be  required  to  wear  the  clothes  worn  at  the  time  of  arrest,  unless  it  should  be 
imperative  to  issue  other  clothing,  when,  as  far  as  practicable,  only  deserters'  or 
other  unserviceable  clothing  will  be  issued. 

141.  The  clothing  abandoned  by  a  deserter  will  be  turned  over  to  the  quarter- 
master, with  a  certificate  from  the  company  or  detachment  commander  showing  its 
condition  and  the  name  of  the  deserter  to  whom  it  belonged.  In  no  case  should  the 
money  or  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  effects  of  a  deserter  be  turned  over  to  his  relatives, 
nor  any  payment  made  therefrom  by  an  officer  on  any  account  whatsoever.  All  other 
personal  effects  of  a  deserter  will  be  disposed  of  as  in  the  case  of  unclaimed  effects  of 
deceased  soldiers;  i.  e.,  they  are  to  be  sold  by  a  council  of  administration  and  the 
proceeds  of  the  sale  deposited  with  a  paymaster.  Money  received  from  a  paymaster 
for  a  soldier  who  deserts  after  signing  the  pay  rolls,  will  be  turned  over  at  once  to  a 
paymaster  as  undrawn  forfeited  pay. 

The  paymaster's  receipt  for  the  money  deposited  as  above  should  clearly  specify 
the  nature  of  the  deposit — i.  e.,  whether  for  the  proceeds  of  sale  of  effects,  or  whether 
for  the  undrawn  pay  of  a  soldier  who  has  deserted — and  the  officer  responsible  should 
furnish  the  paymaster  with  the  necessary  information.  There  is  no  authority  for 
officers  to  pay  the  debts  of  deserters.  Money  or  other  valuables  found  upon  an  appre- 
hended deserter  are  his  personal  property  and  will  not  be  turned  over  to  a  paymaster. 

142.  A  deserter  will  make  good  the  time  lost  by  desertion,  unless  discharged  by 
competent  authority.  He  will  be  considered  again  in  service  upon  his  return  to 
military  control;  but  if  a  deserter  enlists  while  in  desertion,  his  services  under  such 
unlawful  enlistment  will  not  be  counted  as  making  good  any  of  the  time  lost  by 
desertion. 

143.  A  deserter  will  not  be  restored  to  duty  without  trial  except  by  authority 
competent  to  order  his  trial;  such  restoration  being  ordered  only  in  case  the  deser- 
tion is  admitted  does  not  remove  the  charge  of  desertion  or  relieve  the  soldier  from 
any  of  the  forfeitures  attached  to  that  offense;  he  must  make  good  the  time  lost  by 
desertion,  refund  the  reward  and  expenses  paid  for  apprehension  and  delivery,  and 
forfeit  pay  while  absent.  The  same  authority  is  competent  to  set  aside  a  charge  of 
desertion  as  having  been  erroneously  made,  and  his  order  to  this  effect  operates  to 
remove  the  charge  of  desertion  and  all  stoppages  and  forfeitures  arising  therefrom. 

144.  An  enlisted  man  who  absents  himself  from  his  post  or  company  without 
authority  will  forfeit  all  pay  and  allowances  accruing  during  such  absence,  and  upon 
conviction  by  court-martial  make  good  the  time  lost.  No  man  will  be  reported  a 
deserter  until  after  the  expiration  of  ten  days  (shoulil  he  remain  away  that  length 
of  time) ,  unless  the  company  commander  has  conclusive  evidence  of  the  absentee's 
intention  not  to  return;  but  commanding  officers  will  take  steps  to  apprehend  sol- 
diers absent  without  leave  as  soon  as  that  fact  is  reported.  Should  the  soldier  not 
return,  or  not  be  apprehended,  within  the  time  named,  his  desertion  will  date  from 
the  commencement  of  the  unauthorized  absence.  An  absence  without  leave  of  less 
than  one  day  will  not  be  noted  upon  the  muster  rolls. 

145.  Soldiers  not  charged  with  crime,  discovered  to  be  deserters  from  the  Navy 
or  Marine  Corps,  will  be  dropped  from  the  rolls  of  the  Army.  In  such  cases,  reports 
with  descriptive  lists  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  by  the 
proper  commanding  officer,  who  will  hold  the  men  in  confinement  without  pay, 
awaiting  instructions  regarding  their  disposition.  Deserters  from  the  Navy  will  not 
be  received  at  military  posts. 


RETIREMENT    OF    ENLISTED    MEN.  21 

ARTICLE  XX. 

Retirement  of  Enlisted  Men. 

146.  When  an  enlisted  man  shall  have  served  as  such  for  thirty  years,  either  in 
the  Army  or  the  Marine  Corps  and  the  Army,  he  may  apply  to  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army  for  retirement.  Upon  the  approval  of  the  application  an  order  will  be 
issued  from  the  Adjutant-General's  Office  transferring  him  to  the  retired  list  and 
directing  that  transportation  in  kind  to  his  home  and  commutation  of  subsistence 
during  necessary  travel  be  given  him.  Length  of  war  service  with  the  Army  in  the 
field,  or  with  the  Navy  or  Marine  Corps  in  active  service  (either  as  volunte(!r  or 
regular)  during  the  war  of  the  rebellion,  and  actual  service  in  Cuba,  Porto  Rico, 
and  the  Philippine  Islands,  will  be  doubled  in  computing  the  thirty  years  necessary 
to  entitle  him  to  be  retired.  In  the  computation  of  war  service  and  service  in  Cuba, 
Porto  Rico,  and  the  Philippine  Islands  service  as  a  commissioned  officer  and  enlisted 
man  will  be  counted. 

147.  Upon  receipt  of  the  order  for  retirement,  the  soldier's  immediate  command- 
ing officer  will  furnish  him  with  final  statements,  closing  his  accounts  of  pay,  depos- 
its, and  all  allowan(;es  other  than  those  of  travel,  as  of  the  date  of  the  receipt  of  the 
order;  he  will  forward  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  a  descriptive  list  (in 
duplicate),  noting  thereon  the  fact  that  final  statements  have  been  given,  the  reen- 
listment  or  the  continuous-service  pay  per  month  for  which  the  soldier  was  last 
mustered,  and  his  post-office  address  for  the  next  thirty  days.  The  descriptive  list 
will  bear  the  soldier's  signature,  or,  if  he  can  not  write,  a  statement  to  that  effect. 
The  final  statements  and  descriptive  lists  must  state  the  date  to  which  subsistence 
has  been  furnished,  also  whether  subsistence  while  traveling  home  has  been  furnished, 
and,  if  so,  for  what  dates.  A  discharge  certificate  will  not  be  given,  but  the  soldier 
will  be  dropped  from  the  rolls  of  his  command  with  appropriate  explanatory  remarks. 
The  Pay  Department  will  be  notified  and  furnished  with  the  soldier's  signature,  as 
in  case  of  discharge. 

14§.  On  the  last  day  of  every  calendar  month  each  retired  enlisted  man  will 
report  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  his  post-office  address.  Blank  forms  for 
personal  reports  and  pay  accounts,  with  official  penalty  envelopes,  wi.l  be  furnished 
retired  enlisted  men  upon  application  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

149.  The  authorized  pay  and  allowances  of  retired  enlisted  men  will  be  paid  them 
monthly  by  the  Pay  Department.  Their  pay  will  be  three-fourths  of  the  monthly 
pay  allowed  them  by  law  in  the  grade  held  when  retired,  including  reenlisted  and 
continuous-service  pay  then  received.  No  deduction  will  be  made  except  the  monthly 
tax  of  12^  cents  for  support  of  the  Soldiers'  Home.  They  are  not  entitled  to  com- 
mutation for  fuel  or  quarters,  but  will  receive  commutation  for  subsistence  and 
clothing  as  follows: 

For  subsistence. — At  the  rate  of  22|  cents  per  day. 

For  clothing. — Three-fourths  of  the  average  annual  allowance  prescribed  in  orders 
for  an  entire  enlistment  in  the  grade  from  which  retired,  one-twelfth  of  such  amount 
to  be  paid  monthly.  The  allowance  of  clothing  to  chief  musicians  is  the  same  as  that 
to  quartermaster-sergeants. 

150.  The  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  will  furnish  a  descriptive  list  to  each 
enlisted  man  on  the  retired  list,  who  will  forward  the  same  at  the  end  of  each  calen- 
dar month,  with  pay  accounts  signed  in  duplicate,  to  such  paymaster  as  the  chief 
paymaster  of  the  department  in  which  the  soldier  resides  may  designate.  The  pay- 
master will  note  the  fact  of  payment  on  the  descriptive  list.  If  the  soldier  can  not 
write,  his  mark  should  be  witnessed  by  a  commissioned  officer,  if  practicable;  other- 
wise by  some  well-known  person,  preferably  the  postmaster  of  his  place  of  residence. 


22  DISCHARGES CERTIFICATES    OF    DISABILITY. 

ARTICLE  XXI. 

Discharges.     Certificates  op  Disability, 
discharges  and  pinal  statements. 

151.  An  enlisted  man  will  not  be  discharged  before  the  expiration  of  his  term 
except: 

1.  By  order  of  the  President  or  Secretary  of  War. 

2.  By  sentence  of  a  general  court-martial. 

3.  On  certificate  of  disability,  by  direction  of  the  commander  of  a  territorial  depart- 
ment or  army  in  the  field;  but  when  the  disability  of  a  soldier  is  caused  by  disease 
contracted  before  enlistment,  or  by  his  own  misconduct  or  bad  habits,  discharge  will 
be  ordered  only  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

The  commander  of  a  territorial  department  or  army  in  the  field,  after  thoroughly 
mvestigating  cases  of  soldiers  recommended  for  discharge  on  account  of  disease  con- 
tracted before  enlistment  or  by  their  own  misconduct  or  bad  habits,  is  authorized  to 
issue  orders  in  the  name  of  the  Secretary  of  War  for  the  discharge  of  such  enlisted 
men  after  determining  each  case  on  its  merits. 

4.  In  compliance  with  an  order  of  one  of  the  United  States  courts,  or  a  justice  or  a 
judge  thereof,  on  a  writ  of  habeas  corpus. 

152.  When  an  enlisted  man  is  discharged,  his  company  commander  will  furnish 
him  with  final  statements  in  duplicate  or  a  full  statement  in  writing  of  the  reasons 
why  such  final  statements  are  not  furnished.  If  the  soldier  is  discharged  within  the 
first  five  years'  term  of  enlistment,  the  year  in  which  he  was  serving  at  date  of  dis- 
charge will  be  noted;  if  a  period  of  five  years'  continuous  service  has  been  completed, 
the  following  notation  will  be  made  on  the  final  statements  by  the  officer  issuing  the 

same:  "  Completed  five  years' continuous  service » 190-;  had years 

months'  prior  service."  Final  statements  will  not  be  furnished  a  soldier  who  has 
forfeited  all  pay  and  allowances  and  has  no  deposits  due  him.  When  the  discharge  is 
made  on  certificate  of  disability,  the  ascertained  disability,  as  recited  in  the  certificate, 
must  be  given  in  the  final  statements  as  the  reason  or  cause  for  discharge. 

153.  Whenever  an  enlisted  man  is  discharged  from  the  Army  prior  to  the  expira- 
tion of  his  term  of  service  the  actual  cause  of  discharge  will  be  stated  in  the  order 
directing  the  same  and  noted  on  the  final  statements.  Officers  signing  final  state- 
ments will  be  careful  to  see  that  these  notations  are  made  in  all  cases,  as  the  cause  of 
discharge  determines  the  soldier's  right  to  travel  allowances,  and  the  mere  quotation 
of  the  number  and  date  of  the  order  upon  which  discharge  is  based  is  insufficient  as 
a  guide  to  proper  payment. 

154.  When  an  enlisted  mg-n  is  discharged  by  expiration  of  service  his  discharge 
will  take  effect  on  the  last  day  thereof;  i.e.,  if  enlisted  on  the  second  day  of  the  month 
his  term  will  expire  on  the  first  day  of  the  same  month  in  the  last  year  of  his  term 
of  enlistment. 

155.  Discharge  certificates  will  not  be  made  in  duplicate.  Upon  satisfactory 
proof  of  the  loss  of  a  discharge,  or  of  its  destruction  without  the  fault  of  the  party 
entitled  to  it,  the  War  Department  may  issue  to  such  party  a  certificate  of  service, 
showing  date  of  enlistment  in  and  discharge  from  the  Army  and  character  given  on 
discharge  certificate.  Discharge  certificates  must  not  be  forwarded  to  the  War 
Department  in  correspondence  unless  called  for. 

156.  In  time  of  peace,  a  soldier  serving  in  the  second  year  or  first  six  months  of 
the  third  year  of  his  first  enlistment  may  apply  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army 
through  military  channels,  for  the  privilege  of  purchasing  his  discharge,  but  such 
application  will  not  be  entertained  unless  based  on  satisfactory  reasons  fully  set  forth 
by  the  applicant  and  verified  by  the  officer  forwarding  the  application,  nor  unless 


DISCHARGES.  23 

accompanied  by  a  statement  of  the  soldier's  immediate  commanding  officer  showing 
the  condition  of  his  accounts.  If  such  application  be  granted,  the  purchase  price  will 
be  entered  on  the  final  statements  as  an  item  due  the  United  States.  A  soldier  once 
discharged  by  purchase  will  not  be  granted  that  favor  a  second  time.  A  soldier 
serving  in  a  second  or  any  other  enlistment,  but  not  receiving  continuous  service  or 
reenlisted  pay,  is  not  debarred  from  discharge  by  purchase.  The  price  of  purchase 
in  the  first  month  of  the  second  year  will  be  |120,  and  will  be  $5  less  in  each  suc- 
ceeding month  of  the  period  during  which  purchase  may  be  authorized. 

IST.  Enlisted  men  who  have  served  meritoriously  twelve  years  or  more,  continu- 
ously or  otherwise,  will  be  classified  as  veteran  soldiers.  If  it  be  for  their  material 
benefit,  discharge  may  be  granted  them  by  the  Secretary  of  War  by  way  of  favor  as 
veterans.  A  soldier  once  discharged  as  a  veteran  will  not  be  discharged  again  by 
way  of  favor. 

158.  Soldiers  discharged  as  provided  in  paragraphs  156  and  157  will  not  receive 
travel  allowances. 

159.  An  enlisted  man  a  resident  of  the  United  States  serving  in  Cuba,  Porto  Rico, 
Hawaii,  Guam,  or  the  Philippine  Islands,  who  is  discharged  the  service  in  those 
islands  by  transfer  to  another  branch  of  the  service;  or  on  his  own  application, 
whether  by  way  of  favor  or  by  purchase;  or  because  of  confinement  by  the  civil 
authorities;  or  by  way  of  punishment  for  an  offense  or  for  disability  caused  by  his 
own  misconduct;  or  on  account  of  fraudulent  enlistment,  is,  by  the  operation  of  sec- 
tion 1290,  Revised  Statutes,  and  the  act  of  March  16, 1896  (29  Stat.  L.,  63),  prevented 
from  being  allowed  the  usual  traveling  allowances  to  the  place  of  his  enlistment, 
enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service,  but  he  will  be  brought  by  the  Gov- 
ernment to  the  United  States  on  a  transport  free  of  charge:  Provided,  That  an  enlisted 
man  discharged  because  of  confinement  by  civil  authorities,  or  by  way  of  punish- 
ment for  an  offense,  or  for  disability  caused  by  his  own  misconduct,  shall  be  required 
to  leave  the  islands  by  the  first  transport  departing  for  the  United  States  or  forfeit 
the  privilege  of  being  sent  to  the  United  States  at  the  expense  of  the  (government. 

160.  An  enlisted  man  who  desires  to  procure  his  discharge  from  the  United  States 
service,  by  favor,  should  address  a  letter  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army, 
accompanied  by  such  corroborative  data  as  he  may  possess,  setting  forth  the  reasons 
upon  which  he  bases  his  application,  and  hand  or  mail  it  to  his  company  com- 
mander, who  in  turn  will  forward  it  through  the  usual  military  channels,  with  Rec- 
ommendation and  remark  upon  the  interests  of  the  service  involved  and  the  validity 
of  the  reasons  advanced  by  the  applicant.  Applications  which  do  not  come  forward 
in  this  manner  will  not  be  entertained.  All  applications  must  be  forwarded  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  through  intermediate  commanders,  who  will  approve 
or  disapprove,  jus  provided  in  paragraph  850,  Army  Regulations.  Such  communica- 
tions, upon  return  to  the  commanding  ofticer  of  the  company,  constitute  a  part  of 
the  company  records  and  will  not  be  delivered  into  the  possession  of  the  soldier,  who 
will,  however,  be  properly  informed  of  the  final  action  taken  in  the  case. 

161.  Transcripts  from  records  of  civil  courts  need  not  accompany  applications  for 
discharge  of  enlisted  men  sentenced  to  imprisonment  by  such  courts.  The  official 
statement  of  the  company  commander  to  that  effect  is  sufficient. 

162.  The  cause  of  discharge  and  the  soldier's  age  at  date  of  enlistment  will  be 
stated  in  the  body  of  the  discharge  certificate.  His  character  will  be  accurately 
described  at  the  bottom  of  the  certificate,  but  if  not  sufficiently  good  to  allow  of  his 
reenlistment,  the  words  "No  objection  to  his  reenlistment  is  known  to  exist"  will 
be  erased.  The  words  "Service  honest  and  faithful,"  or  "Service  not  honest  and 
faithful,"  as  the  c^se  may  be,  will  be  entered  under  "Remarks"  in  the  military 
record  on  the  back  of  the  discharge  certificate,  and  will  also  be  noted  on  the  final 


24  DISCHARGES. 

statements.  The  company  commander  will,  before  submitting  the  discharge  certifi- 
cate to  the  proper  officer  for  signature,  inform  the  soldier  of  the  character  he  intends 
to  give  him.  Should  the  soldier  feel  that  injustice  will  be  done  him  thereby,  he  may 
at  once  apply  for  redress  to  the  post  commander,  who  will  immediately  convene  a 
board  of  officers  to  determine  the  facts  in  the  case,  and  will  briefly  note  the  finding 
of  the  board,  if  approved  by  him,  on  the  discharge  certificate.  But  in  all  cases 
where  the  company  commander  deems  a  soldier's  services  unfaithful,  he  should, 
whenever  practicable,  notify  the  soldier  at  least  thirty  days  prior  to  discharge  of  the 
character  which  he  intends  to  give,  in  order  that  the  soldier  may  have  ample  oppor- 
tunity to  apply  for,  and  be  heard  before  the  board.  In  such  cases  the  proceedings  of 
the  board,  showing  all  the  facts  pertinent  to  the  inquiry,  with  the  views  of  the 
intermediate  commanders  indorsed  thereon,  will  be  transmitted  for  the  considera- 
tion and  action  of  the  War  Department.  This  board  may  be  called  upon  the  appli- 
cation of  the  post  or  company  commander,  and  if  by  the  former  the  department 
commander  shall  appoint  it.  The  character  given  by  the  company  commander,  also 
the  character  found  by  the  board,  will  be  noted  on  the  muster  roll.  If  upon  due 
notification,  in  the  manner  hereinbefore  provided,  of  the  character  intended  to  be 
given  him  on  his  discharge,  and  that  the  words  "Service  not  honest  and  faithful" 
are  to  be  noted  on  his  final  statements,  the  soldier  expressly  waives  his  right  to 
apply  for  redress  or  declines  to  avail  himself  of  the  remedy  herein  provided,  his 
status  is  the  same  as  though  a  board  of  officers  had  been  convened  and  found  the 
service  not  honest  and  faithful.  Following  the  remark  on  final  statements,  "  Service 
not  honest  and  faithful,"  should  appear  the  words  "Right  to  apply  for  redress 
expressly  waived,"  or,  "Approved  finding  of  a  board  of  officers,"  as  the  case  may  be. 
In  the  absence  of  the  conditions  above  set  forth,  the  soldier  is  entitled  to  the 
remark  on  his  final  statements,  "Service  honest  and  faithful."  The  officer  who 
prepares  the  discharge  will  state  thereon  whether  the  man  is  married  or  unmarried, 
the  number  of  his  minor  children,  and,  if  discharged  from  a  reenlistment,  the 
number  thereof. 

163.  The  discharge  of  a  soldier  takes  effect  on  the  date  of  notice  to  him  of  such 
discharge,  either  actual,  by  delivery  of  the  certificate  of  discharge,  or  constructive, 
as  where  such  delivery  can  not  be  made  owing  to  his  absence  through  his  own 
fault,  in  which  case  the  receipt  of  the  discharge  at  his  proper  station  will  be  deemed 
sufficient  notice.  The  date  of  discharge  on  the  final  statements  must  be  the  same  as 
that  on  the  discharge  certificate. 

164.  In  order  that  a  soldier  on  his  reenlistment  or  reentry  into  the  service  may 
be  correctly  mustered  for  increase  of  pay  for  former  service,  his  commanding 
officer  upon  the  discharge  of  the  soldier  will  place  on  his  discharge  certificate  upon 
the  line  for  "Previous  service,"  and  in  lieu  of  dates  of  enlistment  and  discharge 

therefrom,  the  following  remark:  "  Serving  in  the year  of  continuous  service 

since ,  19 — " 

165.  If  a  soldier  be  discharged  while  absent  from  his  company,  the  date,  place, 
and  cause  thereof  will  be  reported  to  his  company  commander  by  the  officer  giving 
the  discharge,  and  this  report  will  be  accompanied  by  a  complete  descriptive  list. 

166.  In  order  to  prevent  payment  on  fraudulent  discharge  papers,  the  officer  who 
prepares  the  final  statements  of  a  soldier  will,  shortly  before  his  discharge,  and  at 
least  one  day  before  th  j  discharge  takes  effect,  send  by  mail  to  the  paymaster  to  whom 
the  soldier  may  wish  to  apply  for  payment  a  notification,  in  his  own  handwriting, 
stating  therein  the  date  of  last  payment  to  the  soldier  and  his  credits  and  debits, 
both  in  words  and  figures.  The  officer  will  also  send  the  soldier's  signature,  or  will 
report  that  the  soldier  can  not  write  his  name.  This  notification  will  not  be  given 
to  the  soldier,  but  will  be  sent  by  mail,  so  as  to  reach  the  paymaster  before  the  sol- 
dier can  report  for  payment.     The  officer  issuing  the  final  statements  will  inform 


DISCHARGES.  25 

the  discharged  soldier,  in  writing,  of  the  name  and  location  of  the  paymaster  to 
whom  he  shall  apply  for  payment,  and  at  the  same  time  send  the  required  notifica- 
tion to  the  designated  paymaster.     This  notification  will  be  in  the  following  form: 

Notification  of  Diacharge. 

(To  be  in  the  handwriting  of  the  officer  in  every  case.) 

Major ,  Paymaster,  U.  S.  Army, 


Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  advise  you  that  Private will  be  discharged  the  service  of 

the  United  States  on ,  1898,  by  reason  of ."     (Here  state  the  reason.)  - 

The  soldier  was  last  paid  to ,  1898,  and  has  pay  due  him  from  that  date  to  date  of  discharge. 

There  is  due  him  for  clothing  not  drawn  in  kind,  $ (or,  He  is  indebted  to  the  United  States 

for  clothing  overdrawn,  $ .    He  is  indebted  to  the  United  States  for  C.  &  G.  E.,  $ -.    For 

court-martial  forfeiture,  $ ). 

The  soldier  is  (or  is  not,  as  the  case  may  be)  entitled  to  traveling  allowances. 

His  signature  appears  below. 

Soldier's  signature, . 

Very  respectfully, 


ConVg  Co. ,  Regt. Vols. 

It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  overpayments  caused  by  erroneous  final  state- 
ments will  be  charged  against  the  officer  who  signed  the  final  statements. 

167.  Blank  forme  for  discharge  and  final  statements  will  be  furnished  by  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  and  will  be  retained  in  the  personal  custody  of  com- 
pany commanders;  those  for  discharge  will  be  of  three  classes:  For  honorable  and 
for  dishonorable  discharge,  and  for  discharge  without  honor.  They  will  be  used  as 
follows: 

1.  The  parchment  discharge  blank  for  honorable  discharge  only,  and  the  word 
"honorably"  will  be  interlined  in  the  old  blanks  when  used. 

2.  The  blank  for  dishonorable  discharge,  for  such  discharge  alone. 

3.  The  blank  for  discharge  without  honor  when  a  soldier  is  discharged: 
(a)  Without  trial,  on  account  of  fraudulent  enlistment. 

(6)  Without  trial,  on  account  of  having" become  disqualified  for  service,  physically 
or  in  character,  through  his  own  fault. 

(c)  On  account  of  imprisonment  under  sentence  of  a  civil  court. 

(c?)  On  account  of  being,  at  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  enlistment,  in  confine- 
ment under  the  sentence  of  a  general  court-martial  which  does  not  provide  for 
dishonorable  discharge. 

{e)  When  discharge  without  honor  is  specially  ordered  by  the  Secretary  of  War 
for  any  other  reason. 

16§.  A  dishonorable  discharge  from  the  service  is  a  complete  expulsion  from  the 
Army,  and  covers  all  unexpired  enlistments. 

169.  When  a  soldier  is  sentenced  by  court-martial  to  confinement,  without  dis- 
honorable discharge,  for  a  period  extending  beyond  the  expiration  of  his  term  of 
enlistment  he  will  be  discharged  without  honor  on  the  date  of  the  expiration  of  the 
term  of  enlistment,  but  will  be  held  to  serve  out  his  sentence,  the  certificate  of  dis- 
charge being  delivered  to  him  on  his  release  from  confinement.  When,  however,  a 
soldier's  term  of  enlistment  expires  while  he  is  waiting  trial  or  sentence,  he  will  be 
discharged  (honorably,  without  honor,  or  dishonorably,  according  to  circumstances) 
on  the  date  of  the  receipt  of  an  order  publishing  the  case  or  otherwise  disposing  of  it, 
and  the  discharge  will  be  dated  accordingly. 

170.  When  transportation  in  kind  is  furnished  a  discharged  soldier  to  enable  him 
to  reach  a  paymaster,  the  quartermaster  will  note  on  the  final  statements  that  "trans- 
portation in  kind  from to "  has  been  furnished,  stating  the  cost  when 

it  can  be  ascertained  by  him.  If  transportation  be  furnished  to  a  soldier  dischargep 
at  the  place  of  his  enlistment  to  enable  him  to  reach  a  paymaster,  the  cost  thereof, 
which  will  be  ascertained  and  noted  on  the  final  statements,  will  be  deducted. 


26  CERTIFICATES    OF    DISABILITY DECEASED    SOLDIERS. 

CERTIFICATES    OF   DISABILITY. 

171.  When  an  enlisted  man  is  permanently  unfitted  for  military  service  because 
of  wounds  or  disease,  he  should,  if  practicable,  be  discharged  on  certificate  of  disa- 
bility before  the  expiration  of  the  term  of  service  in  which  the  disability  was  incurred. 
The  certificate  of  disability  will  be  prepared  by  the  post  surgeon  and  will  be  filled 
out  in  his  handwriting.  Blank  forms  will  be  furnished  by  the  Adjutant-General  of 
the  Army,  and  the  directions  thereon  will  be  strictly  complied  with. 

1 72.  When  physical  disability  does  not  appear  to  be  permanent,  was  incurred  in 
line  of  duty,  and  benefit  may  be  expected  from  a  change  of  climate,  a  report  of  the 
case  will  be  forwarded  for  the  action  of  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army.  The 
soldier  will  not  be  transferred  to  another  company.  In  cases  likely  to  be  benefited 
by  treatment  in  the  Army  and  Navy  General  Hospital  at  Hot  Springs,  Ark.,  or  the 
general  hospital  at  Fort  Bayard,  N.  Mex.,  the  application  required  by  the  regulations 
for  admission  thereto  will  be  made.  A  record  of  cases  transferred  under  the  forego- 
ing provisions,  with  a  report  of  results,  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Surgeon-General  at 
the  end  of  each  calendar  year. 

173.  When  an  application  for  discharge  is  approved,  the  post  or  regimental  com- 
mander will  furnish  to  the  surgeon  by  whom  the  certificate  was  given,  or  to  the  senior 
surgeon  of  the  command  to  which  the  soldier  was  attached  at  the  time  of  his  dis- 
charge, a  letter  setting  forth  the  full  name  and  rank  of  the  soldier,  the  company  and 
regiment  to  which  he  belonged,  the  date  of  discharge,  and  the  cause  thereof  as  stated 
in  the  certificate.  The  surgeon,  having  made  a  true  copy  of  the  letter  for  the  com- 
pletion of  his  own  records,  will  forward  the  original  to  the  Surgeon-General  direct. 

174.  When  there  is  a  probable  case  for  pension,  special  care  will  be  taken  to  state 
in  the  certificate  the  degree  of  disability,  to  describe  particularly  the  disability, 
wound,  or  disease,  the  extent  to  which  it  deprives  the  soldier  of  the  use  of  any  limb 
or  faculty,  or  affects  his  health,  strength,  activity,  constitution,  or  capacity  to  labor. 
If  such  disability  was  incurred  in  the  line  of  duty,  and  the  soldier  declined  treatment 
for  the  relief  of  such  disability  where  treatment  was  directed,  that  fact  will  be  set 
forth  in  the  certificate  for  the  information  of  the  Pension  Oftice. 

ARTICLE  XXII. 

Deceased  Soldiers. 

175.  When  a  soldier  is  killed  in  action  or  dies  at  any  post,  hospital,  or  station,  it 
shall  be  the  duty  of  his  immediate  commander  to  secure  his  effects  and  to  prepare 
the  inventory  required  by  the  126th  Article  of  War,  according  to  prescribed  form,  and 
to  notify  nearest  relative  of  the  fact  of  death.  Duplicates  of  the  inventory,  with  final 
statements,  will  be  forwarded  direct  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

1 76.  Officers  charged  with  the  care  and  custody  of  the  effects  of  deceased  soldiers 
are  required,  under  the  provisions  of  the  127th  Article  of  War,  to  deliver  the  same,  or  the 
net  proceeds  thereof,  to  the  legal  representatives  of  the  deceased.  Should  the  effects 
of  a  deceased  soldier  not  be  claimed  within  30  days,  they  will  be  sold  by  a  council  of 
administration  under  the  authority  of  the  post  commander,  and  the  proceeds  trans- 
ferred to  the  commander  of  the  company  to  which  the  deceased  belonged,  by  whom 
they  will  be  deposited  with  a  paymaster  to  the  credit  of  the  United  States.  Dupli- 
cate receipts  will  be  taken,  one  of  which  will  be  sent  direct  to  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army  and  the  other  retained  with  the  company  records.  The  paymaster's 
receipt  for  the  money  deposited  as  above  will  clearly  specify  the  nature  of  the  deposit — 
i.  e. ,  whether  for  the  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  the  effects  or  whether  for  the  undrawn 
pay  of  a  soldier  who  has  died — and  the  officer  responsible  will  furnish  the  paymaster 
with  the  necessary  information.  There  is  no  authority  for  otficers  to  pay  the  debts 
of  deceased  soldiers. 


de;ceased  soldiers — extra  duty  pay.  27 

lYT.  In  all  cases  of  sale  by  a  council  of  administration  a  detailed  statement  of  the 
proceeds,  duly  certified  by  the  council  and  commanding  officer,  will  accompany  the 
paymaster's  receipt  forwarded  by  the  company  commander  to  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army.     The  statement  will  be  indorsed:  "Report  of  the  proceeds  of  the  effects 

of ,  late  of  company , regiment  of ,  who  died  at 

the day  of ,  . ' ' 

178.  The  effects  will  be  delivered,  when  called  for,  to  the  legal  representatives  of 
the  deceased,  and  the  receipts  therefor  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the 
Army.  Applications  for  arrears  of  pay  and  proceeds  of  sale  of  effects  of  deceased 
soldiers  should  be  addressed  to  the  Auditor  of  the  Treasury  for  the  War  Department, 
Washington,  D.  C,  who  settles  such  accounts. 

179.  The  accounts  of  deceased  soldiers  are  settled  by  the  Auditor  of  the  Treasury 
for  the  War  Department,  and  the  following  is  the  order  of  relative  heirship  adopted 
by  the  Treasury  Department,  viz:  (1)  widow,  (2)  children,  in  equal  share,  (3)  father, 
(4)  mother,  (5)  brothers  and  sisters,  in  equal  share.  Officers  are  advised  that,  in 
the  cases  of  single  men,  it  is  a  safe  rule  to  dispose  of  the  effects  as  prescribed  in  par- 
agraph 176  of  these  Regulations,  and  leave  the  responsibility  of  determining  the  heir- 
ship to  the  Treasury  Department. 

1§0.  The  remains  of  deceased  soldiers  will  be  inclosed  in  coffins  and  transported 
by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  to  the  nearest  military  post  or  national  cemetery, 
or,  if  so  desired  by  their  relatives,  to  their  homes  for  burial,  unless  the  commanding 
officer  deems  burial  at  place  of  death  to  be  proper,  when  a  full  report  of  the  facts  and 
reasons  will  be  made  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army.  The  expense  of  trans- 
porting the  remains  is  payable  from  the  appropriation  for  Army  transportation,  or 
from  funds  specially  appropriated  for  that  purpose.  The  cost  of  expense  of  burial, 
other  than  the  cost  of  transportation,  will  be  limited  to  $35  for  each  enlisted  man, 
and  will  be  restricted  to  the  cost  of  the  casket,  hire  of  a  hearse,  and  the  reasonable 
and  necessary  expenses  of  preparing  the  remains  for  burial. 

ARTICLE  XXIII. 

Working  Parties.     Extra  and  Special  Duty  Men. 

1§1,  Troops  will  not  be  employed  in  labors  that  interfere  with  their  military 
duties  except  in  cases  of  necessity. 

1§2.  Enlisted  men  detailed  to  perform  specific  services  which  remove  them  tem- 
porarily from  the  ordinary  duty  roster  of  the  organization  to  which  they  belong  will 
be  reported  on  extra  duty  if  receiving  increased  compensation  therefor,  otherwise 
on  special  duty.  They  will  not  be  placed  on  extra  duty  except  as  bakers  or  to  per- 
form the  necessary  routine  services  in  the  Quartermaster's  and  Subsistence  Depart- 
ments, without  the  sanction  of  the  department  commander,  they  will  not  be  employed 
on  extra  duty  in  time  of  war,  nor  in  time  of  peace  for  labor  in  camp  or  garrison  which 
can  properly  be  performed  by  fatigue  parties.  Allotments  of  funds  for  payment  of 
extra-duty  men  at  department  headquarters  and  depots  under  the  control  of  depart- 
ment commanders  will  only  be  made  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 
Duty  of  a  military  character  must  be  performed  without  extra  compensation. 

1§3.  Enlisted  men  detailed  by  name  on  extra  duty  and  employed,  under  com- 
petent authority,  at  constant  labor  for  not  less  than  ten  days,  are  entitled,  in  time  of 
peace,  to  receive  extra-duty  pay  at  the  following  rates:  For  services  as  mechanics, 
artisans,  and  school-teachers,  50  cents  per  day;  as  bakers,  according  to  paragraph 
337;  as  overseers,  clerks,  teamsters,  laborers,  and  for  all  other  extra-duty  services,  35 
cents  per  day.  Enlisted  men  receiving  or  who  are  entitled  to  the  20  per  cent  increased 
pay  under  the  acts  of  May  26,  1900  and  March  2,  1900  are  not  entitled  to  extra-duty 
pay. 


W^  EXTRA    DUTY    PAY THE    SOLDIERS'    HOME. 

^84.  The  detail  of  a  noncommissioned  officer  on  extra  duty,  other  than  that  of 
overseer,  will  not  be  made  except  in  cases  of  emergency  without  the  prior  approval 
of  the  department  commander.  A  noncommissioned  officer  will  not  be  detailed  on 
any  duty  inconsistent  with  his  rank  and  position  in  the  military  service. 

1§5.  Noncommissioned  staff  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  several  staff  depart- 
ments will  not  be  detailed  on  extra  duty  without  authority  from  the  Secretary  of 
War.  They  are  not  entitled  to  extra-duty  pay  for  services  rendered  in  their  respective 
departments. 
^  186.  Company  artificers,  farriers,  blacksmiths,  saddlers,  and  wagoners  will  not 
receive  extra-duty  pay  unless  detailed  on  extra  duty  in  the  Quartermaster's  Depart- 
ment, wholly  disconnected  from  their' companies. 

187.  Soldiers  on  extra  duty  will  be  paid  the  extra  rates  of  pay  allowed  by  law  for 
the  duty  performed,  and  for  the  exact  number  of  days  employed;  and  no  greater 
nujnber  of  men  will  be  employed  on  extra  duty  at  any  time  than  can  be  paid  the 
full  legal  rates  for  the  time  employed  from  the  funds  provided.  Payments  made  in 
violation  of  the  above  rules  will  be  charged  against  the  officers  who  ordered  the 
details. 

188.  Extra-duty  men  will  attend  the  weekly  and  monthly  inspections  of  their 
companies,  and  as  many  daily  drills  as  practicable.  Special-duty  men,  except  non- 
commissioned officers  in  charge  of  barracks  or  stables,  the  cooks,  and  such  clerks  as 
are  necessarily  excused  by  (commanding  officers,  will  attend  all  drills  and  inspections. 

1 89.  Extra-duty  men  will  be  held  to  such  hours  of  labor  as  may  be  expedient 
and  necessary;  but,  except  in  case  of  urgent  public  necessity,  as  in  military  opera- 
tions, eight  hours  will  be  considered  a  day's  work.  For  all  hours  employed  beyond 
that  number,  the  soldier  will  receive  additional  compensation^the  extra  hours  being 
computed  as  fractions  of  a  day  of  eight  hours'  duration. 

190.  Details  of  enlisted  men  for  extra  and  special  duty  will  be  limited  to  actual 
necessities,  which  will  be  determined  by  post  commanders  in  accordance  with  limits 
published  in  orders  from  the  War  Department.  Allotments  to  posts  of  funds  for 
extra-duty  pay  are  made  by  department  commanders  from  allotments  made  to  depart- 
ments for  the  purpose,  and  must  not  be  exceeded  without  special  authority  from 
department  commanders. 

ARTICLE  XXIV. 

Soldiers'  Home. 

191.  An  honest  and  faithful  service  of  twenty  years  in  the  Army  entitles  a  soldier 
to  admission  to  the  Soldiers'  Home,  Washington,  D.  C. 

192.  When  a  soldier,  by  reason  of  long  service,  or  disability  contracted  in  the 
hue  of  duty,  desires  to  enter  the  Soldiers'  Home,  his  company  commander  will  so 
report,  through  military  channels,  to  the  Adjutant-General  of"  the  Army,  giving  all 
the  details  necessary  for  a  full  understanding  of  the  case,  including  the  date  of  each 
enlistment,  with  company  and  regiment.  If  the  soldier  be  physically  disabled,  the 
report  will  be  accompanied  by  certificates  of  disability.  The  papers  will  be  referred 
to  the  Board  of  Commissioners  of  the  Home,  and  if,  in  its  opinion,  the  soldier  is 
entitled  to  become  an  inmate,  the  necessary  authority  will  be  given  for  his  discharge 
at  the  place  where  he  is  serving.  He  may  then  proceed  to  Washington  and  report 
to  the  Board  of  Commissioners  for  admission  to  the  Home. 

193.  Transportation  to  the  Home  will  not  be  furnished  except  by  authority  of 
the  Secretary  of  War,  on  the  application  of  the  Board  of  Commissioners;  and  in 
such  cases  the  officers  who  pay  the  accounts  will  be  guided  by  the  regulations  gov- 
erning the  payment  of  accounts  for  transportation  of  persons  procuring  artificial 


MEDALS    OF    HONOR CERTIFICATES    OF   MERIT.  29 

limbs,  as  prescribed  in  paragraphs  1672  to  1676,  inclusive,  except  that  the  account 
will  be  referred  to  the  Treasurer  of  the  Soldiers'  Home  for  repayment. 

194.  Commanding  officers  will  not  order  the  issue  of  clothing  or  subsistence  to  be 
repaid  from  the  funds  of  the  Home. 

ARTICLE  XXV. 

Medals  of  Honor  and  Certificates  of  Merit. 

195.  Medals  of  honor,  authorized  by  the  act  of  Congress  approved  March  3, 1863, 
are  awarded  to  officers  and  enlisted  men  in  the  name  of  the  Congress  for  particular 
deeda  of  most  distinguished  gallantry  in  action. 

1.  In  order  that  the  Congressional  medal  of  honor  may  be  deserved,  service  must 
have  been  performed  in  action  of  such  a  conspicuous  character  as  to  clearly  distin- 
guish the  man  for  gallantry  and  intrepidity  above  his  comrades  —  service  that  involved 
extreme  jeopardy  of  life  or  the  performance  of  extraordinarily  hazardous  duty. 
Recommendations  for  the  decoration  will  be  judged  by  this  standard  of  extraordi- 
nary merit,  and  incontestible  proof  of  performance  of  the  service  will  be  exacted. 

2.  Soldiers  of  the  Union  have  ever  displayed  bravery  in  battle,  else  victories  could 
not  have  been  gained;  but  as  courage  and  self-sacrifice  are  the  characteristics  of  every 
true  soldier,  such  a  badge  of  distinction  as  the  Congressional  medal  is  not  to  be 
expected  as  the  reward  of  conduct  that  does  not  clearly  distinguish  the  soldier  above 
other  men,  whose  bravery  and  gallantry  have  been  proved  in  battle. 

3.  Recommendations  for  medals  on  account  of  services  rendered  in  the  Volunteer 
Army  during  the  late  war  and  in  the  Regular  Army  previous  to  January  1,  1890, 
will,  if  practicable,  be  submitted  by  some  person  other  than  the  proposed  recipient, 
one  who  is  personally  familiar  with  all  the  facts  and  circumstances  claimed  as  justi- 
fying the  award,  but  the  application  may  be  made  by  the  one  claiming  to  have  earned 
the  decoration,  in  which  case  it  will  be  in  the  form  of  a  deposition,  reciting  a  narra- 
tive description  of  the  distinguished  service  performed.  If  official  records  are  relied 
on  as  evidence  proving  the  personal  service,  the  reports  of  the  action  must  be  sub- 
mitted or  cited;  but  if  these  records  are  lacking  the  testimony  must  embrace  that  of 
one  or  more  eyewitnesses,  who,  under  oath,  describe  specifically  the  act  or  acts  they 
saw,  wherein  the  person  recommended  or  applying  clearly  distinguished  himself 
above  his  fellows  for  most  distinguished  gallantry  in  action. 

4.  Recommendations  for  medals  on  account  of  service  rendered  subsequent  to  Jan- 
uary 1,  1890,  will  be  made  by  the  commanding  officer  at  the  time  of  the  action  or 
by  an  officer  or  soldier  having  personal  cognizance  of  the  act  for  which  the  badge  of 
honor  is  claimed,  and  the  recommendation  must  be  accompanied  by  a  detailed  recital 
of  the  circumstances,  and  by  certificates  of  officers,  or  affidavits  of  enlisted  men,  who 
were  eyewitnesses  of  the  act.  The  testimony  must,  when  practicable,  embrace  that 
of  at  least  two  eyewitnesses,  and  must  describe  specifically  the  act  or  acts  by  which 
the  person  in  whose  behalf  the  recommendation  is  made  ''most  distinguished"  him- 
self, and  the  facts  in  the  case  must  be  further  attested  by  the  official  reports  of  the 
action,  record  of  events,  muster  rolls  and  returns,  and  descriptive  lists. 

5.  In  cases  that  may  arise  for  services  performed  subsequent  to  June  30,  1897, 
recommendations  for  award  of  medals  must  be  forwarded  within  one  year  after  the 
performance  of  the  act  for  which  the  award  is  claimed.  Commanding  officers  will 
thoroughly  investigate  all  cases  of  recommendations  for  Congressional  Medals  arising 
in  their  commands,  and  indorse  their  opinion  upon  the  papers,  which  will  be  for- 
warded to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  through  regular  channels. 

6.  Medals  of  honor  will  not  be  awarded  to  officers  or  enlisted  men  except  for  dis- 
tinguished bravery  or  conspicuous  gallantry,  which  shall  have  been  manifested  in 
action  by  conduct  that  distinguishes  a  soldier  above  his  comrades,  and  that  involves 


30  CERTIFICATES    OF   MERIT VETERINARIANS. 

risk  of  life,  or  the  performance  of  more  than  ordinarily  hazardous  duty.  Recom- 
mendations for  the  award  will  be  governed  by  this  interpretation  of  extraordinary 
merit. 

CERTIFICATES   OF   MERIT. 

196.  When  any  enlisted  man  of  the  Army  shall  have  distinguished  himself  in  the 
service,  the  President  may  grant  him  a  certificate  of  merit,  on  the  recommendation 
of  the  commanding  officer  of  the  regiment  or  chief  of  the  ccJrps  to  which  such  man 
belongs. 

197.  Recommendations  for  a  certificate  of  merit  must  originate  with  an  eyewit- 
ness, preferably  the  immediate  commanding  officer.  Each  case  will  be  submitted 
separately,  forwarded  through  the  regular  channels,  and  must  be  favorably  indorsed 
by  each  commander. 

198.  Extra  pay  at  the  rate  of  $2  per  month  from  the  date  of  the  distinguished 
service  is  allowed  to  each  enlisted  man  to  whom  a  certificate  of  merit  is  granted. 

199.  If  the  soldier  be  discharged  before  the  certificate  is  issued,  it  will  be  retained 
in  the  Adjutant-General's  Office  until  called  for,  when  proof  of  the  identity  of  the 
applicant  will  be  required.  Should  he  die  before  receiving  his  certificate,  it  will  be 
deposited  in  the  office  of  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department  for  the  benefit  of  his 
heirs. 

ARTICLE   XXVI. 

Veterinarians. 

200.  Veterinarians  are  appointed  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  subject  to  competitive 
examinations  as  to  eligibility,  capacity,  and  fitness.  The  scope  and  conditions  of 
such  examinations  will  be  announced  in  orders  from  time  to  time  by  the  Adjutant- 
General  of  the  Army. 

201.  A  veterinarian  has  the  pay  of  a  second-lieutenant,  mounted,  and  is  entitled 
to  the  same  allowances  in  kind,  of  quarters,  fuel,  and  lights. 

202.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  veterinarian  to  visit  at  least  daily  all  sick  or 
injured  animals  at  his  station,  and  to  recommend  such  treatment  as  he  may  deem 
proper.  He  will  have  access  to  the  stables  at  all  times.  Upon  request  he  will  attend 
such  authorized  private  horses  of  mounted  officers  as  may  need  his  services. 

203.  The  veterinarian  will  instruct  company  farriers  in  the  proper  care  of  the 
horse.  In  this  he  will  give  especial  importance  to  the  anatomy  and  pathology  of 
the  foot,  showing  the  nature  and  uses  of  all  its  parts,  illustrating  the  subject  by  dis- 
sections and  specimens.  He  will  also  teach  the  principles  and  practice  of  horseshoe- 
ing. For  the  purpose  indicated  he  will  make  such  visits  of  instruction  to  companies 
or  batteries  of  the  regiment  or  organization,  not  at  his  station,  as  may  be  deemed 
necessary  by  the  regimental  or  proper  artillery  commander. 

204.  Wherever  four  or  more  troops  of  cavalry  or  batteries  of  field  artillery  are 
stationed,  a  suitable  building  may  be  set  apart  as  a  veterinary  hospital. 


THE    COMMANDING    GENERAL TERRITORIAL    DEPARTMENTS.       31 

ARTICLE  XXVII. 

The  Commanding  General  of  the  Army. 

205.  The  military  establishment  is  under  the  orders  of  the  Commanding  General 
of  the  Amy  in  that  which  pertains  to  its  discipline  and  military  control.  The 
fiscal  affairs  of  the  Army  are  conducted  by  the  Secretary  of  War  through  the  several 
staff  departments. 

206.  All  orders  and  instructions  from  the  President  or  Secretary  of  War,  relating 
to  military  operations  or  affecting  the  military  control  and  discipline  of  the  Army, 
will  be  promulgated  through  the  Commanding  General. 

ARTICLE  XXVIII. 

Territorial  Departments. 

20T.  Territorial  departments  are  established  and  their  commanders  assigned  by 
direction  of  the  President, 

20§.  The  commander  of  a  department  commands  all  the  military  forces  of  the 
Government  within  its  limits,  whether  of  the  line  or  staff,  which  are  not  specially 
excepted  from  his  control  by  the  War  Department.  The  Infantry  and  Cavalry  School 
at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kans.,  and  the  ("avalry  and  Light  Artillery  School  at  Fort 
Riley,  Kans.,  in  matters  pertaining  to  the  courses  of  instruction;  the  Military  Acad- 
emy, the  Artillery  School,  the  United  States  Engineer  School,  the  arsenals,  the 
general  depots  of  supply,  the  general  service  recruiting  stations,  such  permanent 
fortifications  as  may  be  in  process  of  construction  or  repair,  and  officers  employed 
on  special  duty  under  the  Secretary  of  War,  are  exempted  from  the  supervision  of 
department  commanders.  But  when  an  emergency  demands  it,  all  military  men  and 
material  within  the  lirtiits  of  their  jurisdiction  come  under  their  control. 

209.  Purchasing  commissaries,  officers  on  duty  at  general  depots  of  supply,  and 
others  indicated  in  the  preceding  paragraph,  whether  reporting  by  letter  to  depart- 
ment commanders  or  not,  are  subject  to  their  orders  for  court-martial  or  other  duty 
in  an  emergency  only';  and  officers  on  duty  with  the  schools  at  Willetts  Point,  Fort 
Leavenworth,  Fort  Monroe,  and  Fort  Riley  will  not  be  detached  without  the  orders 
of  the  Secretary  of  War  or  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army. 

210.  A  department  commander  is  charged  with  the  administration  of  all  the  mil- 
itary affairs  of  his  department,  and  the  execution  of  all  orders  from  higher  authority. 
He  will  report  to  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army  all  matters  relating  to  the 
general  welfare  of  his  command,  including  such  changes  of  station  of  troops  as  he 
may  deem  desirable,  but  will  obtain  the  approval  of  the  Commandmg  General  of  the 
Army  before  ordering  the  movement.  If  it  be  necessary  to  move  troops  to  meet 
emergencies,  such  movements  and  all  the  circumstances  will  be  reported  at  the 
earliest  possible  moment. 

211.  Each  department  commander  will  inspect  the  troops  under  hia  command  at 
least  once  each  year,  and  for  this  purpose  he  may  be  accompanied  by  one  officer  of 
his  personal  or  the  department  staff.  He  will  assure  himself  by  personal  examina- 
tion and  observation  that  all  officers  and  men  under  his  control  are  efficient  in  the 
performance  of  duty,  that  the  troops  are  thoroughly  drilled  and  instructed  in  their 
field  duties  and  tactical  exercises,  that  supplies  are  properly  distributed,  that  proper 
care  is  exercised  in  the  purchase  and  preservation  of  public  property,  and  that  strict 
economy  is  exercised  in  all  public  expenditures.  In  his  annual  report  the  results  of 
these  inspections  will  be  summarized,  and  the  condition  and  working  of  the  batteries 
of  position,  torpedo  systems  and  mine  fields  in  the  lake  and  seacoaat  defences  will  be 
reported.  From  time  to  time  he  will  report,  for  the  information  of  the  Command- 
ing General  of  the  Army  and  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  names  of  any  and  all  officers 


82  TERRITORIAL    DEPARTMENTS. 

belonging  to  his  command  who  are  believed  to  be  incompetent  or  permanently 
unable,  from  any  cause,  to  perform  all  the  duties  of  their  several  grades,  both  in 
garrison  and  in  active  service;  he  will  also  report  any  errors,  irregularities,  or  abuses 
requiring  the  action  of  higher  authority. 

212.  Department  commanders  are  expected  to  determine  controversies  arising 
within  the  limits  of  their  jurisdiction  and  decide  questions  referred  to  them  on 
appeal. 

213.  In  the  event  of  the  death,  or  disability,  or  temporary  absence  of  the  perma- 
nent commander  of  a  territorial  division  or  department  from  the  limits  of  his  com- 
mand, the  senior  line  officer  present  and  on  duty  therein  will  exercise  the  command 
of  the  division  or  department,  unless  otherwise  ordered,  until  relieved  by  proper 
authority.  Although  a  division  or  department  commander  may  continue  to  dis- 
charge the  more  important  functions  of  his  command  while  absent  from  its  territorial 
limits,  his  exercise  of  command  and  his  absence  therefrom  requires  the  sanction  of 
higher  authority.  If  intending  to  leave  his  headquarters  for  an  absence  within  his 
division  or  department  he  will  report  to  the  next  higher  commander  his  intention, 
his  address  during  his  absence  and  the  proposed  duration  thereof. 

214.  The  personal  staff  of  a  department  commander  will  consist  of  the  authorized 
aids.  The  department  staff  will  be  limited  to  the  officers  detailed  by  the  Secretary 
of  War  from  appropriate  staff  departments  or  corps,  or  of  officers  of  the  line  detailed 
by  the  same  authority  to  act  in  their  stead.  Their  official  designations  will  be  as 
follows:  Adjutant-general,  chief  quartermaster,  chief  commissary,  chief  surgeon,  chief 
paymaster,  judge-advocate,  and  artillery  inspector,  the  last  appointed  as  prescribed  in 
paragraph  409.  When  necessary,  an  engineer  officer,  an  ordnance  officer,  and  a  signal 
officer,  each  detailed  from  his  corps,  will  be  assigned;  but  when  any  of  these  officers  are 
not  assigned,  or  when  any  department 'staff  officer  is  temporarily  absent  or  disabled, 
the  duties  of  his  position  will  be  performed  by  other  members  of  the  department 
or  personal  staff.  The  chief  quartermaster  and  chief  commissary  will  each  have 
charge  of  the  depot  of  his  department,  at  the  place  where  headquarters  are  located, 
and  will,  when  practicable,  make  purchases.  The  chief  surgeon  will,  when  practi- 
cable, perform  the  duty  of  attending  surgeon.  The  chief  paymaster  will  make  a  pro- 
portion of  the  payments  in  the  command.  The  duties  prescribed  in  Small  Arms 
Firing  Regulations  for  the  inspector  of  small-arms  practice  will  be  performed  by  an 
aid  or  by  the  adjutant-general. 

215.  Funds  for  contingent  expenses  at  department  headquarters  are  allotted  by 
the  Secretary  of  War  and  placed  to  the  credit  of  the  adjutants-general.  The  amount 
allotted  will  be  apportioned  by  the  department  commander  to  the  officers  of  the 
staff  corps  serving  at  his  headquarters  as  the  interests  of  the  service  dictate,  and  the 
adjutant-general  will  make  purchases  and  expenditures  as  those  officers  request, 
subject  to  the  written  approval  of  the  department  commander.  Property  so  purchased 
will  be  taken  up  on  the  return  of  the  adjutant-general  and  transferred  to  the  staff 
officers  concerned,  who  will  give  duplicate  receipts  therefor,  and  it  will  then  be 
dropped  from  the  return  of  the  adjutant-general,  who  will  file  one  set  of  receipts  as 
retained  vouchers  and  send  the  other  to  the  respective  chiefs  of  bureaus  in  which 
the  staff  officers  are  serving.  On  June  30  of  each  year  all  officers  who  have  purchased 
or  receipted  for  such  property  will  make  return  therefor  to  the  chiefs  of  their  respec- 
tive bureaus,  to  whose  satisfaction  expenditures,  losses,  etc.,  will  be  explained.  An 
officer  accountable  for  such  property  will  take  duplicate  receipts  therefor  when 
relieved,  and  will  forward  one  of  them  to  the  proper  chief  of  bureau  with  the  return 
which  he  will  then  render,  and  file  the  other  with  his  retained  papers. 


MILITARY    POSTS.  33 

ARTICLE  XXIX. 

Military  Posts  and  Reservations. 

POSTS. 

216.  Permanent  military  posts  are  established  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary 
of  War,  by  whom  their  names  will  l>e  designated. 

217.  Permanent  posts  will  be  styled  "  Forts,"  and  points  occupied  temporarily  by 
troops  ''  Camps." 

21§.  The  commander  of  a  post  is  responsible  for  its  safety  and  defense,  and  for 
the  discipline,  drill,  and  tactical  instruction  of  his  command,  to  which  ends  all  other 
garrison  duties  will  be  made  subservient.  He  will  be  responsible  for  the  preservation 
and  proper  application  of  public  property,  for  the  strict  enforcement  of  laws  and  reg- 
ulations, and  for  the  proper  condition  of  quarters  and  defenses.  He  will  make  an 
inspection  of  his  command  on  the  last  day  of  every  month,  will  satisfy  himself  by 
frequent  personal  examination  that  the  disbursements  of  all  officers  in  charge  of 
funds  are  in  accordance-with  law  and  regulations  and  their  accounts  correctly  stated, 
and  will  make  such  reports  of  these  inspections  and  examinations  as  the  department 
commander  may  direct. 

219.  The  post  commander  and  surgeon  will  make  frequent  visits  during  the  month 
to  the  hospital,  guard-house,  mess  hall,  mess  rooms,  and  other  buildings  and  rooms 
used  by  enlisted  men. 

220.  An  orderly  observance  of  the  Sabbath  by  the  officers  and  men  in  the  mili- 
tary service  is  enjoined.  Military  duty  and  labor  on  Sunday  will  be  reduced  to  the 
measure  of  strict  necessity. 

221.  The  staff  of  a  post  commander  will  consist  of  such  staff  officers  as  are  on  duty 
at  the  post,  and  such  line  officers  as  may  be  required  for  staff  duties.  Their  official 
designations  will  be  as  follows:  Adjutant,  quartermaster,  commissary,  surgeon,  assist- 
ant surgeon,  engineer  officer,  ordnance  officer,  signal  officer,  and  police  ofiicer.  The 
official  address  of  the  senior  medical  officer  at  a  post  will  be — 

The  Surgeon, 

Fort — , 

and  in  like  manner  the  offitial  addresses  of  the  other  staff  officers  of  a  post  will  be, 
respectively:  The  Adjutant,  The  Quartermaster,  The  Commissary,  The  Engineer 
Officer,  The  Ordnance  Officer,  and  The  Signal  Officer,  Fort . 

222.  Expenditures  of  labor,  money,  or  material  upon  posts  will  be  strictly  limited 
to  the  amounts  alloweti  by  law  and  regulations. 

223.  When  practicable,  temporary  buildings  for  the  use  of  the  Army  will  be  erected 
by  its  enlisted  force,  and  necessary  repairs  of  public  buildings  at  garrisoned  posts  not 
appropriated  for,  or  specially  authorized,  will  be  made  by  the  troops. 

224.  In  case  of  emergency  when  reference  to  higher  authority  is  impracticable, 
department  commanders  may  order  the  purchase  of  material  and  engagement  of 
services  necessary  for  the  preservation  of  public  buildings  or  property,  not  to  exceed 
in  amount  $500  for  any  jwst,  but  no  greater  sum  will  be  expen  ied  without  the  sanc- 
tion of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

225.  Post  commanders  are  authorized  to  assist  mail  contractors  with  Government 
transportation,  provided  it  can  be  spared  without  detriment  to  the  service,  when, 
through  accident  or  unavoidable  casualty,  they  are  deprived  of  the  means  necessary 
to  fulfill  their  contracts.  Such  assistance  must  cease  as  soon  as  the  contractor  can, 
by  exercise  of  proper  diligence,  resupply  himself  with  transportation.  Receipts  for 
the  property  loaned  will  be  taken,  which  in  the  event  of  its  ioss  or  damage  will 

22778—03 3 


34  POST  RECORDS RESERVATIONS. 

be  forwarded,  with  a  report  of  facts,  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  that 
the  amount  involved  may  be  collected  from  the  contractor  through  the  Post-Office 
Department. 

226.  At  posts  supplied  with  ordnance  and  with  ammunition  for  the  purpose,  a 
morning  and  evening  gun  will  be  fired  daily  at  reveille  and  retreat. 

Post  Records. 

227.  The  following  books  of  record  will  be  kept  at  each  post:  An  order  book,  a 
letters-received  book,  an  index  book  for  letters  received,  a  letters-sent  book,  an 
index  book  for  letters  sent,  a  post  council  of  administration  book,  a  post  descriptive 
book,  and  a  post  clothing  book,  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department;  a 
morning  report  book,  and  a  guard  report  book,  furnished  by  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army;  a  post  exchange  council  book,  provided  by  the  post  exchange.  At 
posts  with  field  batteries  the  Book  of  Artillery  Record  required  by  paragraph  408 
will  be  kept;  it  will  be  supplied  by  the  Ordnance  Department.  All  copies  of  all 
returns  and  reports  rendered,  if  not  contained  in  the  book  of  orders  received,  letters 
sent,  all  letters  received  which  are  not  required  to  be  returned;  in  fine,  all  official 
papers  which  relate  to  post  administration,  and  which  are  required  to  be  kept  at  the 
post,  will  be  filed  and  preserved  as  a  part  of  the  post  records.  The  records  will  not 
be  removed  from  the  post  except  on  its  discontinuance.  Commanding  officers  will  see 
that  the  records  are  accurately  kept  and  are  properly  transferred  to  their  successors. 

RESERVATIONS. 

22§.  Department  commanders  will  supervise  all  military  reservations  wittiin  the 
limits  of  their  commands,  and,  if  necessary,  will  use  force  to  remove  trespassers.  No 
license  or  permission  to  any  civilian  to  use  or  occupy  any  part  of  a  reservation  will 
be  given,  except  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  unless  he  be  in  the  employ  of  the  Govern- 
ment, or  in  the  family  or  service  of  persons  there  employed. 

229.  Military  posts,  stations,  and  reservations  having  been  selected  for  occupation 
by  the  military  forces,  not  only  for  immediate  and  temporary  use,  but  in  most  cases 
for  occupation  so  long  as  the  Government  shall  exist,  department  and  post  com- 
manders are  required  to  see  that  every  consideration  is  given  to  their  care,  preserva- 
tion, and  adornment.  They  will  not  only  be  made  useful  and  healthful  to  the 
garrisons,  but  be  made  attractive  homes  for  the  Army  by  every  means  available  for 
that  purpose.  Commanding  officers  will  give  this  subject  their  earnest  attention  and 
will  make  requisitions  for  such  appliances  as  may  be  necessary  in  order  to  carry  out 
the  purpose  of  this  regulation. 

The  grounds,  as  far  as  practicable,  will  be  improved  by  utilizing  such  material  as 
may  be  available  for  the  purpose.  The  shrubbery,  trees,  and  forests  on  the  reserva- 
tion will  be  kept  properly  pruned,  brush  and  unsightly  trees  removed,  vines,  fruit 
and  ornamental  trees  planted  and  cultivated,  and  grounds  properly  ditched  or 
drained.  Live  trees  in  the  vicinity  of  the  inhabited  parts  of  a  military  reservation 
will  not  be  cut  down,  except  on  the  recommendation  of  the  post  council  of  adminis- 
tration, approved  by  the  ix)st  and  department  commanders.  Where  reservations  are 
of  sufficient  extent,  and  it  is  practicable,  they  will  be  stocked  with  game,  and  all 
native  singing  birds  protected.  Where  required,  requests  will  be  made  through  the 
proper  military  channels  to  the  War  Department  for  supplies  of  seeds  for  grass, 
flowers,  vines,  fruit  and  ornamental  trees. 

230.  Military  posts  temporarily  evacuated  by  troops,  and  lands  reserved  for  mili- 
tary use,  will  be  under  charge  of  the  Quartermaster's  Department.  Permanent  works 
of  defense,  however,  and  the  lands  appurtenant  thereto,  are  under  the  supervision  of 
the  Engineer  Department. 


FLAGS COLORS. 


35 


ARTICLE  XXX. 

Flags,  Colors,  Standards,  and  Guidons. 

FLAGS. 

231.  Tlie  flag  of  the  United  States  has  thirteen  norizontal  stripes,  seven  red  and 
six  white,  the  red  and  white  stripes  alternating,  and  the  union  of  the  flag  consists  of 
white  stars  in  a  blue  field  placed  in  the  upper  quarter  next  the  staff,  and  extending 
to  the  lower  edge  of  the  fourth  red  stripe  from  the  top.  The  number  of  stars  is  the 
same  as  the  number  of  States  in  the  Union.  On  the  admission  of  a  State  into  the 
Union,  one  star  will  be  added  to  the  union  of  the  flag,  and  such  addition  will  take 
effect  on  the  4th  day  of  July  next  succeeding  such  admission. 

232.  The  field  or  union  of  the  national  flag  in  use  in  the  Army  has,  since  July  4, 
1896,  consisted  of  forty-five  stars,  in  six  rows,  the  first,  third,  and  fifth  rows  to  have 
eight  stars,  and  the  second  fourth,  and  sixth  rows  seven  stars  each,  in  a  blue  field, 
arranged  as  follows: 


•  ••••••• 

•  •••••• 

•  ••••••• 

•  •••••• 

•  ••••••• 

•  •••••• 


233.  The  fiag  of  the  President  shall  be  of  scarlet  bunting,  measuring  13  feet  fly 
and  8  feet  hoist,  having  a  hem  on  the  hoist  3  inches  wide  and  provided  with  an  eye- 
let at  each  end  for  hoisting  and  lowering.  In  each  of  the  four  corners  shall  be  a 
five-pointed  white  star  with  one  point  upward.  The  points  of  these  stars  lie  in  the 
circumference  of  an  imaginary  circle  of  five  inches  radius.  The  centers  of  these 
imaginary  circles,  which  coincide  with  the  centers  of  these  stars,  are  18  inches  from 
the  short  sides  and  14  inches  from  the  long  sides  of  the  flag.  In  the  center  of  the 
flag  shall  be  a  large  fifth  star,  also  of  five  points,  which  lie  in  the  circumference  of  an 
imaginary  circle  of  2  feet  9  inches  radius.  The  center  of  this  circle  is  the  point  of 
intersection  of  the  diagonals  of  the  fiag.  The  reentering  angles  of  this  large  star  lie 
in  the  circumference  of  an  imaginary  circle  of  16  inches  radius,  with  the  same  cen- 
ter as  before.  Inside  of  the  star  thus  outlined  is  a  parallel  star,  separated  from  it  by 
a  band  of  white  3  inches  wide.  This  inner  star  forms  a  blue  field  upon  which  is  the 
official  coat  of  arms  of  the  United  States  as  determined  by  the  State  Department,  the 
device  being  located  by  placing  the  middle  point  of  the  line  dividing  the  chief  from 
the  paleways  of  the  escutcheon  upon  the  point  of  intersection  of  the  diagonals  of  the 
flag,  and  thus  coinciding  with  the  center  of  the  large  center  star.  On  the  scarlet 
field  around  the  large  star  are  other  white  stars,  one  for  each  State,  equally  scattered 
in  the  reentering  angles,  and  all  included  within  the  circumference  of  a  circle  of  3 
feet  3  inches  radius,  whose  center  is  the  center  of  the  large  star. 

COLORS. 

234.  The  colors  of  the  President  shall  be  of  scarlet  silk,  6  feet  6  inches  fly  and  4 
feet  on  the  pike,  which  shall  be  10  feet  long,  including  ferrule  and  head.  The  head 
shall  consist  of  a  globe,  3  inches  in  diameter,  surmounted  by  an  American  eagle,  alert, 
4  inches  high.     In  each  of  the  four  corners  shall  be  a  five-pointed  white  star.     The 


36  FLAGS COLORS. 

points  of  these  stars  lie  in  the  circumference  of  an  imaginary  circle  of  2|  inches  radius. 
The  centers  of  these  imaginary  circles,  which  coincide  with  the  centers  of  these  stars, 
are  9  inches  from  the  short  sides  and  7  inches  from  the  long  sides  of  the  color.  In  the 
center  of  the  color  shall  be  a  large  fifth  star,  also  of  five  points,  which  lie  in  the  cir- 
cumference of  an  imaginary  circle  of  16^  inches  radius.  The  center  of  this  circle  is 
the  point  of  intersection  of  the  diagonals  of  the  color.  The  reentering  angles  of  this 
large  star  lie  in  the  circumference  of  an  imaginary  circle  of  8  inches  radius,  with  the 
same  center  as  before.  Inside  of  the  star  thus  outlined  is  a  parallel  star,-  separated 
from  it  by  a  band  of  white  1^.  inches  wide.  This  inner  star  forms  a  blue  field,  upon 
which  is  the  official  coat  of  arms  of  the  United  States  as  determined  by  the  State 
Department,  the  device  being  located  by  placing  the  middle  point  of  the  line  divid- 
ing the  chief  from  the  paleways  of  the  escutcheon  upon  the  point  of  intersection  of 
the  diagonals  of  the  color,  and  thus  coinciding  with  the  center  of  the  larger  star.  On 
the  scarlet  field  around  the  larger  star  are  other  white  stars,  one  for  each  State, 
equally  scattered  in  the  reentering  angles,  and  all  included  within  the  circumference 
of  a  circle  of  19j  inches  radius,  whose  center  is  the  center  of  the  large  star.  The 
design,  letters,  figures,  and  stars  are  to  be  embroidered  in  silk,  the  same  on  both 
sides  of  the  color.  The  edges  of  the  color  are  to  be  trimmed  with  knotted  fringe,  of 
silver  and  gold,  3  inches  wide,  and  one  cord  (having  two  tassels)  8  feet  6  inches  long 
and  made  of  red,  white,  and  blue  silk  intermixed. 

235.  The  flag  of  the  Secretary  of  War  shall  be  of  scarlet  bunting,  measuring  12  feet 
fly  and  6  feet  8  inches  hoist,  having  upon  it  an  eagle  with  outstretched  wings.  On 
the  breast  of  the  eagle  a  United  States  shield;  in  the  right  talon  an  olive  branch, 
with  berries,  and  in  the  left  a  bunch  of  arrows;  in  the  eagle's  beak  a  scroll  with  the 
motto  "E  Pluribus  Unum."  In  the  field  of  the  shield  there  shall  be  placed  two 
rows  of  stars,  6  in  the  upper  and  7  in  the  lower  row,  placed  equidistant  apart.  There 
shall  also  be  placed  in  each  corner  of  the  flag  a  white  star,  the  measurement  of  which 
shall  be  about  9.8  inches  from  point  to  point.  The  distance  from  the  upper  or  lower 
edges  of  the  flag  to  the  center  of  the  stars  shall  be  about  12.8  inches,  and  the  distance 
from  the  heading  and  end  of  the  flag  to  the  center  of  the  stars  about  17.25  inches. 

236.  The  colors  of  the  Secretary  of  War  shall  be  scarlet  silk,  5  feet  6  inches  fly,  4 
feet  4  inches  on  the  pike,  which  will  be  9  feet  long,  including  spearhead  and  ferrule. 
To  have  in  the  center  embroidered  in  silk  a  golden  brown  American  eagle  with  out- 
stretched wings;  on  its  breast  a  United  States  shield;  in  the  right  talon  an  olive 
branch  with  red  berries,  and  in  the  left  a  bunch  of  arrows;  a  red  scroll  held  in  the 
eagle's  beak  with  the  motto  *'  E  Pluribus  Unum  "  worked  in  yellow;  and  in  the  upper 
part  of  the  United  States  shield  a  group  of  13  white  stars,  about  three-fourths  inch 
from  point  to  point,  arranged  in  two  rows,  the  upper  row  consisting  of  6  and  the 
lower  row  of  7  stars.  The  design,  letters,  and  figures  to  be  embroidered  in  silk  the 
same  on  both  sides  of  the  color.  To  have  a  star  embroidered  in  white  silk  placed 
at  each  corner  of  the  flag,  about  4^  inches  from  point  to  point.  The  distance  from 
the  upper  or  lower  edges  of  the  flag  to  the  center  of  the  stars  to  be  about  7|  inches, 
and  from  the  pike  casing  or  end  of  the  fly  to  the  center  of  the  stars,  about  13  inches. 

237.  The  garrison,  post,  and  storm  flags  are  national  flags,  and  will  be  of  bunting. 
The  union  of  each  is  as  described  in  paragraph  232  and  one-third  the  length  of  the 
flag. 

The  garrison  flag  will  have  36  feet  fly  and  20  feet  hoist;  it  will  be  furnished  only 
to  posts  designated  in  orders  from  time  to  time  from  Headquarters  of  the  Army,  and 
will  be  hoisted  only  on  holidays  and  important  occasions. 

The  post  flag  will  have  20  feet  fly  and  10  feet  hoist;  it  will  be  furnished  for  all 
garrisoned  posts  and  will  be  hoisted  in  pleasant  weather. 

The  storm  flag  will  have  8  feet  fly  and  4  feet  2  inches  hoist;  it  will  be  furnished 
for  all  occupied  posts  and  national  cemeteries,  and  will  be  hoisted  in  stormy  or  windy 
weather;  it  will  also  be  used  as  a  recruiting  flag. 


FLAGS COLORS STANDARDS.  87 

23§.  The  flag  of  the  Geneva  Convention,  to  be  used  in  connection  with  the 
national  flag  in  time  of  war  witli  a  signatory  of  the  convention,  will  be  as  follows: 

For  general  hospitals,  white  bunting,  9  by  5  feet,  with  a  red  cross  of  bunting  4  feet 
liigh  and  4  feet  wide  in  the  center;,  arms  of  cross  to  be  16  inches  wide. 

For  field  hospitals,  white  bunting,  6  by  4  feet,  with  a  red  cross  of  bunting  3  feet 
high  and  3  feet  wide  in  the  center;  arms  of  cross  to  be  12  inches  wide. 

For  ambulances  and  guidons  to  mark  the  way  to  field  hospitals,  white  bunting,  28 
by  16  inches,  with  a  red  cross  of  bunting  12  inches  high  and  12  inches  wide  in  the 
center;  arms  of  cross  to  be  4  inches  wide. 

239.  Battalions  op  Engineers. — The  national  color  of  stars  and  stripes,  as 
described  for  flags,  will  be  made  of  silk,  5  feet  6  inches  fly,  4  feet  4  inches  on  the  pike, 
which  will  be  9  feet  long,  including  spearhead  and  ferrule.  The  union  to  be  2  feet  6 
inches  long,  and  **  1st  Battalion,  U.  S.  Engineers; "  **  2d  Battalion,  U.  S.  Engineers; " 
"3d  Battalion,  U.  S.  Engineers,"  as  the  case  may  be,  embroidered  in  silver  on  the 
center  stripe,  stars  embroidered  in  white  silk,  yellow  silk  knotted  fringe,  cord  and  tas- 
sels red  and  white  silk.  The  battalion  color  will  be  of  scarlet  silk,  same  dimensions, 
having  in  the  center  a  castle,  with  the  words  "1st  Battalion,"  "2d  Battalion,"  or 
"3d  Battalion"  placed  above  the  castle  and  the  words  "U.  S.  Engineers"  below  in 
silver,  fringe  white,  cord  and  tassels  red  and  white  silk. 

240.  The  national  color  of  a  regiment  of  engineers  shall  be  the  same  as  that  above 
described  with  the  following  exceptions: 

(1)  The  inscription  upon  the  national  color  in  the  center  stripe  shall  be:  "(  ) 
Regiment  U.  S.  Engineers." 

(2)  A  similar  inscription  shall  be  placed  upon  the  regimental  color  below  the 
castle. 

241.  The  Artillery  Corps. — The  national  color  will  be  of  material  and  dimen- 
sions and  with  union,  stars,  and  pike,  as  prescribed  in  paragraph  239,  having  the  words 
"U.S.  Artillery  Corps ' '  embroidered  in  yellow  silk  on  the  center  stripe;  fringe  yellow, 
cord  and  tassels  red  and  yellow.  The  corps  color  will  be  of  scarlet  silk,  same  dimen- 
sions, bearing  in  the  center  two  cannon  crossed,  with  "U.  S."  above  and  the  words 
"Artillery  Corps,"  each  in  a  scroll,  the  scrolls  yellow,  letters  scarlet,  fringe  yellow, 
cord  and  tassels  red  and  yellow. 

242.  Infantry  Regiments. — The  national  color  will  be  of  material  and  dimensions 
and  with  union,  stars,  and  pike  as  prescribed  in  paragraph  239,  having  the  number 
and  name  of  the  regiment  embroiderad  in  white  silk  on  the  center  stripe,  fringe  yel- 
low, cord  and  tassels  blue  and  white.  The  regimental  color  will  be  of  blue  silk,  same 
dimensions,  the  coat  of  arms  of  the  United  States  embroidered  in  silk  on  the  center, 
beneath  the  eagle  a  red  scroll,  with  number  and  name  of  regiment  embroidered  in 
white,  fringe  yellow,  cord  and  tassels  blue  and  white. 

243.  Standards  for  Cavalry  Regiments. — The  national  standard  of  stars  and 
stripes,  as  described  for  flags,  will  be  made  of  silk,  4  feet  fly  and  3  feet  on  the  lance, 
which  will  be  9  feet  6  inches  long,  including  spear  and  ferrule.  The  union  to  be  22 
inches  long,  and  the  number  and  name  of  regiment  embroidered  in  yellow  silk  on 
the  center  stripe,  fringe  yellow.  The  regimental  standard  will  be  of  yellow  silk,  same 
dimensions,  the  coat  of  arms  of  the  United  States  embroidered  in  silk  on  the  center, 
beneath  the  eagle  a  red  scroll,  with  number  and  name  of  regiment  embroidered  in 
yellow,  fringe  yellow. 

244.  Colors  and  Standards. — The  silken  national  color  or  standard  will  be  car- 
ried in  battle,  campaign,  and  on  all  occasions  of  ceremony  at  regimental  headquarters 
in  whitdi  two  or  more  companies  of  the  regiment  participate.  The  regimental  color 
or  standard  will  be  carried  in  like  cases  in  battle,  campaign,  and  at  reviews  and  inspec- 
tions; at  ceremonies  other  than  reviews,  inspections,  and  escort  of  the  color,  it  will 
be  carried  only  when  so  ordered  by  the  regimental  commander.     A  similar  rule 


38  SERVICE    COLORS GUIDONS NAMES    OF    BATTLES. 

applies  to  the  use  of  the  colors  of  the  battalions  of  engineers.     When  not  in  use  as 
prescribed  in  this  paragraph,  colors  and  standards  will  be  kept  in  their  waterproof 


245.  Service  Colors  and  Standards. — A  national  color  made  of  bunting  or  other 
suitable  material,  but  in  all  other  respects  similar  to  the  silken  national  color,  will  be 
furnished  to  the  battalions  of  engineers  and  to  each  regiment  of  infantry  for  use  at 
drills  and  on  marches  and  all  service  other  than  battles,  campaigns,  and  occasions 
of  ceremony.  A  similar  color  of  the  same  dimensions  as  the  silken  standard  willJ^e 
furnished  for  like  purposes  to  each  regiment  of  cavalry. 

246.  Guidons  for  Cavalry. — Each  troop  of  cavalry  will  have  a  silken  guidon, 
cut  swallow-tailed,  15  inches  to  the  fork,  3  feet  5  inches  fly  from  lance  to  end  of  swal- 
lowtail, and  2  feet  3  inches  on  the  lance,  having  two  horizontal  stripes  each  one-half 
the  width  of  the  flag,  the  upper  red  and  the  lower  white,  the  red  stripe  having  on 
both  sides  in  the  center  the  number  of  the  regiment  in  white  silk,  and  the  white 
stripe  the  letter  of  the  troop  in  red  silk,  the  letter  and  number  block-shaped,  4| 
inches  high,  the  lance  l\  inches  in  diameter  and  9  feet  long,  including  spear  and 
ferrule.  Each  troop  will  also  have  a  service  guidon,  made  of  bunting  or  other  suit- 
able material,  in  shape  and  design  the  same  as  the  silken  guidon;  the  latter  will  be 
used  only  in  battle,  campaign,  or  on  occasions  of  ceremony. 

247.  Guidons  for  Field  Artillery. — Each  battery  of  field  artillery  will  have  a 
guidon  of  scarlet  silk,  dimensions  and  shape  same  as  described  for  cavalry  guidons, 
in  the  center  on  both  sides  of  the  guidon  two  cannon  crossed,  about  14^  inches  in 
length,  with  number  of  battery  below  the  crossed  cannon,  number  of  yellow  silk, 
number  block-shaped,  4^  inches  high,  lance  same  as  for  cavalry  guidon.  This  silken 
guidon  will  be  used  only  in  battle,  campaign,  or  on  occasions  of  ceremony.  Each 
battery  will  also  have  a  service  guidon  of  bunting  or  other  suitable  material,  in 
shape  and  design  the  same  as  the  silken  guidon. 

248.  Signal  flag  for  the  headquarters  of  signal  officers  of  an  army,  corps,  or  divis- 
ion, and  for  field  and  telegraph  trains:  a  red  signal  flag,  silk,  with  white  center. 
On  the  red  field  shall  be  embroidered  the  words  * '  United  States  Signal  Corps, ' '  and 
on  the  white  center  the  device  of  the  Signal  Corps.  A  6  x  6  foot  flag  shall  be  used  at 
army  or  corps  headquarters,  and  a  4  x  4  foot  flag  elsewhere. 

249.  Whenever  in  the  opinion  of  a  commanding  officer  the  condition  of  any 
silken  color,  standard,  or  guidon  in  the  possession  of  his  command  has  become 
unserviceable,  a  board  of  survey  will  be  appointed  to  report,  for  the  information  of 
the  Secretary  of  War,  its  condition  and  the  necessity  of  supplying  a  new  one.  If 
requiring  repair,  application  to  have  it  placed  in  a  serviceable  condition  should  be 
inade  to  the  Quartermaster-General.  Service  colors  and  guidons  will  be  submitted 
for  the  action  of  an  inspector  when  unfit  for  further  use.  Upon  receipt  of  new  silken 
colors,  standards,  or  guidons  commanding  oflflcers  will  cause  those  replaced  to  be 
numbered  and  retained  by  the  organization  to  which  they  belong  as  mementos  of 
service,  a  synopsis  of  which,  bearing  the  same  number,  will  be  filed  with  the  records 
of  the  organization. 

250.  The  names  of  the  battles  in  which  one  or  more  companies  of  a  regiment  or 
of  the  battalions  of  engineers,  or  the  artillery  corps,  have  borne  a  meritorious  part 
may  be  engraved  upon  silver  rings,  fastened  on  the  pikes  or  lances  of  the  colors  or 
standards,  and  in  cases  where  less  than  half  the  number  of  companies  of  the  regi- 
ment or  battalion  were  engaged,  the  company  letters  will  follow  the  name  of  the 
battle.  The  names  of  battles  in  which  field  batteries  or  troops  of  cavalry  have, 
when  detached,  been  engaged  separately  may  be  inscribed  upon  rings  on  the  lances 
of  their  guidons.  The  lance  of  the  service  guidon  will  not  be  thus  marked.  The 
fact  that  an  action  in  which  any  organization  has  been  engaged  is  entitled  to  be 


CAMP    COLORS REGIMENTS.  39 

called  a  battle,  and  the  name  to  be  engraved  on  the  rings  will  be  announced  from 
the  Adjutant-General's  Office.  Requisitions  for  new  colors  and  guidons  will  be 
accompanied  by  lists  of  battles. 

CAMP   COLORS. 

251.  To  be  as  described  for  flags,  printed  upon  bunting,  18  by  20  inches,  on  a 
pole  of  ash  8  feet  long  and  H  inches  in  diameter,  the  butt  end  armed  with  a 
pointed  ferrule. 

252.  No  ensign,  pennon,  streamer,  or  other  banner  of  any  kind,  other  than  the 
flags,  colors,  standards,  pennants,  and  guidons  prescribed  by  the  Army  Regulations, 
will  be  used  by  the  Army,  or  by  any  regiment  or  other  organization  thereof. 

ARTICLE  XXXI. 

Regiments, 
organization  and  instruction. 

253.  The  designation  "company,"  as  used  in  these  regulations,  applies  to  troops 
of  cavalry,  batteries  of  field  artillery  and  companies  of  infantry  and  coast  artillery, 
and  bands  of  all  arms.  The  designation  "battaUon"  applies  in  like  manner  to 
squadrons  of  cavalry. 

254.  In  the  cavalry  and  infantry  arms  the*  regiment  is  the  administrative  unit. 
A  cavalry  regiment  consists  of . three  constituted  squadrons  of  four  troops  each;  an 
infantry  regiment  of  three  constituted  battalions  of  four  companies  each.  The  sta- 
tion of  the  permanent  regimental  commander  is  the  headquarters  of  the  regiment. 
The  command  of  a  regiment  devolves  upon  the  senior  officer  on  duty  with  it  wher- 
ever he  may  be  stationed.  Wherever  incomplete  battalions  of  the  same  or  different 
regiments  are  serving  together  the  commanding  officer  may  designate  provisional 
battalions.  The  battalion  is  a  unit  for  maneuvers,  and  instruction;  it  is  not  an 
administrative  unit;  it  has  no  headquarters  and,  when  serving  in  a  regiment,  no 
records. 

255.  Upon  the  organization  of  a  regiment  its  companies  receive  permanent  des- 
ignation by  letters  in  alphabetical  order,  and  officers  are  assigned  to  them  in  order 
as  lettered,  according  to  rank.  Subsequently  officers,  upon  promotion  or  appoint- 
ment, are  assigned  to  fill  vacancies  regardless  of  relative  rank. 

256.  A  regimental  commander  should  continually  labor  for  the  instruction  and 
efficiency  of  his  regiment.  He  should  encourage  among  his  officers  harmonious 
relations  and  a  friendly  spirit  of  emulation  in  the  performance  of  duty.  His  timely 
interference  to  prevent  disputes,  his  advice  to  the  inexperienced,  and  immediate 
censure  of  any  conduct  liable  to  produce  dissension  in  the  regiment  or  to  reflect  dis- 
credit upon  it,  are  of  great  importance  in  securing  and  maintaining  its  efficiency.  In 
such  efforts  he  will  receive  the  loyal  support  of  his  subordinates.  He  will  make  an 
inspection  of  his  immediate  command  on  the  last  day  of  every  month. 

257.  Each  department  commander  will  announce  in  orders  annually  the  period 
of  the  year  to  be  given  to  practical  instruction  in  drill  and  other  military  exercises, 
prescribing  their  character  and  the  time  to  be  devoted  thereto.  He  will  also  desig- 
nate a  period  of  four  consecutive  months  in  each  year  for  theoretical  instruction, 
imparted  in  lyceums  or  by  lectures,  recitations,  or  other  methods,  to  be  given  twice 
each  week  during  the  period  designated.  Each  regimental  commander  will  supervise 
the  instruction  of  the  officers  under  his  immediate  command,  and  each  post  com- 
mander that  of  regimental  officers  of  his  command  who  are  absent  from  the  head- 
quarters of  their  respective  regiments.  Each  company  commander  is  responsible  for 
the  practical  and  theoretical  instruction  of  his  noncommissioned  officers.  These 
duties  will  be  so  performed  as  not  to  interfere  with  proper  rest  and  recreation. 


40  REGIMENTAL    STAFF    OFFICERS. 

25$!i.  Upon  the  last  day  of  September  and  March  of  each  year  commanding  offi- 
cers of  companies  will  forward  to  their  regimental  commanders  reports  showing  the 
character  and  scope  of  instruction  imparted  during  the  previous  six  months,  the 
number  and  kind  of  drills,  and  number  of  recitations  with  average  attendance  thereon. 
Regimental  copimanders  will  forward  abstracts  of  these  reports  through  military 
channels  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  for  the  information  of  the  Commanding 
General. 

259.  Field  officers  of  the  line  of  the  Army  are  assigned  by  the  department  or 
other  commander  to  stations  or  commands  where  their  services  are  most  required, 
provided  troops  of  their  own  regiments  or  corps  are  serving  there.  Lieutenant-col- 
onels and  majors  on  duty  at  stations  are  assigned  to  provisional  battalions  by  post 
commanders. 

260.  The  regimental  staff  officers  are  appointed  from  the  captains,  and  consist 
of  the  adjutant,  the  quartermaster,  and  the  commissary,  and  they  will  be  so  desig- 
nated, respectively;  they  are  appointed  by  the  regimental  commander,  who  will  at 
once  report  his  action  to  the  Adjutant-General;  the  appointments  of  the  quartermaster 
and  the  commissary  are  to  be  made  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 
The  battalion  staff  officers  are  appointed  from  the  lieutenants  and  consist  of  the 
adjutant  and  the  quartermaster  and  commissary,  and  they  will  be  designated  as  the 
battalion  (or  squadron)  adjutant  and  as  battalion  (or  squadron)  quartermaster  and 
commissary,  respectively;  they  are  appointed  by  the  regimental  commander  upon 
the  recommendation  of  the  battalion  commander.  When  a  battalion  is  detached 
and  serving  at  such  a  distance  from  regimental  headquarters  that  more  than  fifteen 
days  are  required  for  exchange  of  correspondence  by  mail,  the  battalion  staff  officers 
are  appointed  by  the  battalion  commander,  who  will  immediately  notify  the  regi- 
mental commander  and  the  Adjutant-General.  Appointments  of  staff  officers  will  not 
be  antedated  and  will  take  effect  on  the  day  on  which  actually  made;  the  officer  will 
be  entitled  to  the  pay  pertaining  to  his  appointment  from  the  date  he  enters  upon 
duty  under  it. 

261.  Regimental  staff  officers  may  hold  the  same  office  for  four  years  and  bat- 
talion staff  officers  for  two  years,  and  no  longer.  They  will  not  be  eligible  for  a 
second  tour,  nor  for  appointment  or  reappointment,  except  to  serve  an  unexpired 
term;  but  the  time  an  adjutant  or  quartermaster  may  have  previously  served  on  the 
regimental  staff  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant,  and  any  period  a  lieutenant  may  have 
served  as  a  battalion  staff  officer,  will  not  be  included  in  computing  the  four  years 
for  which  he  may  serve  on  the  regimental  staff  as  a  captain. 

262.  All  staff  appointments  in  a  regiment  are  restricted  to  the  officers  on  duty 
with  it  and  who  are  not  serving  at  a  school  of  instruction.  Should  the  regim.ental 
commander  desire  to  appoint  an  absent  officer  to  the  regimental  staff  he  may  apply 
for  orders  for  the  absent  officer  to  join,  but  the  officer  must  join  before  the  appoint- 
ment can  be  made. 

263.  The  adjutant,  under  the  direction  of  the  regimental  commander,  wall  have 
charge  of  the  various  rosters  of  service;  he  will  make,  publish,  and  verify  all  details, 
keep  the  records  of  the  regiment,"  and  perform  such  military  duties  with  troops  as 
are  required  by  regulations.  Through  him  the  regimental  commander  communicates 
with  the  officers  and  men  of  his  command. 

264.  The  adjutant  should  be  courteous  to  and  on  friendly  terms  with  the  officers 
of  the  command  he  represents,  and  will  avoid  all  discussions  of  the  orders  or  military 
conduct  of  his  superiors.  He  should  inform  himself  upon  all  points  of  military 
usage  and  etiquette,  and  on  proper  occasions  aid  with  his  advice  and  experience  the 
subalterns  of  the  regiment,  especially  those  just  entering  the  service.  He  will 
endeavor  at  all  times  to  exert  the  influence  belonging  to  his  station  in  sustaining  the 
reputation,  discipline,  and  harmony  of  the  regiment. 


REGIMENTAL  STAFF RECORDS.  41 

265.  The  iidjutant,  quartermaster,  and  commissary  are,  under  the  regimental 
commander,  responsible  for  the  discipUne  and  efficiency  of  the  noncommissioned 
staff  and  band. 

266.  The  quartermaster  is  responsible  for  all  quartermaster's  supplies  of  the  regi- 
ment, and  may  be  required  to  perform  the  duties  of  quartermaster  of  the  post  where 
he  is  stationed.  The  commissary  is  responsible  for  all  subsistence  supplies  of  the 
regiment,  and  may  be  required  to  perform  the  duties  of  commissary  of  the  post 
where  he  is  stationed. 

267.  A  regimental  staff  officer  may  be  assigned  to  duty  with  a  company  or  to  any 
staff  duty  which  his  regimental  commander  may  impose.  A  battalion  staff  officer  is 
subject  to  any  duty  which  the  commanding  officer  may  impose. 

26 §.  The  regimantal  noncommissioned  staff  officers  consist  of  the  sergeant- 
major,  the  quartermaster-sergeant,  and  two  color-sergeants  and  are  appointed  by 
the  regimental  commander.  The  battalion  noncommissioned  staff  officers  are  the 
battalion  sergeant-majors,  and  will  be  so  designated.  They  are  appointed  by  the 
regimental  commander  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  battalion  commander. 
When  a  battalion  is  detached  and  serving  at  such  a  distance  from  regimental  head- 
quarters that  more  than  fifteen  days  are  required  for  exchange  of  correspondence  by 
mail,  the  battalion  noncommissioned  staff  officers  are  appointed  by  the  battalion 
commander,  who  will  immediately  notify  the  regimental  commander.  Each  noncom- 
missioned staff  officer  will  be  furnished  with  a  warrant,  signed  by  the  officer  making 
the  appointment  and  countersigned  by  tha  adjutant.  The  appointment  takes  effect 
on  the  day  upon  which  it  is  made,  and  the  warrant  may  be  continued  in  force  upon 
discharge  and  reenlistment,  if  reenlistment  be  made  on  the  day  following  discharge; 
each  reenlistment  and  continuance  may  be  noted  on  the  warrant  by  the  adjutant. 
Any  noncommissioned  staff  officer  may  be  reduced  to  the  ranks  by  the  sentence  of  a 
court-martial,  or  by  order  of  the  commander  having  authority  to  appoint  such  non- 
commissioned officer.  Noncommissioned  staff  officers  will  preferably  be  selected 
from  the  noncommissioned  officers  of  the  regiment  most  distinguished  for  efficiency, 
gallantry,  and  soldierly  bearing. 

269.  At  military  posts  and  stations  and  in  the  field  the  regimental  commissaries 
and  regimental  commissary  sergeants  of  cavalry  and  infantry  regiments  will  perform 
the  necessary  work  of  their  respective  offices  in  the  subsistence  department  at  the 
stations  of  the  headquarters  of  their  regiments,  and  no  commissary  sergeants  of  the 
general  staff  will  be  assigned  to  posts  at  which  there  is  a  regimental  headquarters, 
except  under  unusual  conditions. 

270.  The  public  property  pertaining  to  the  headquarters  of  the  regmient  will  be 
marked  '*H.  Q.,"  with  arm  and  number  of  regiment;  the  equipments  in  possession 
of  the  noncommissioned  staff,  regimental  noncommissioned  officers,  and  band  will 
be  marked  ''N.  C.  S.,"  "N.  C,"  and  "Band,"  respectively,  and  with  the  arm  and 
number  of  the  regiment  and  of  the  man  to  whom  the  articles  are  issued. 


REGIMENTAL   RECORDS. 


271.  Regimental  records  will  consist  of  an  order  book,  a  letters-received  book,  an 
index  book  for  letters  received,  a  letters-sent  book,  an  index  book  for  letters  sent, 
and  a  regimental  fund  book,  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department;  a  descrip- 
tive book,  furnished  by  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army;  all  orders,  circulars,  and 
instructions  from  higher  authority,  copies  of  the  monthly  returns,  muster  rolls  of  the 
field,  staff,  and  band,  other  regimental  returns  and  reports,  and  all  correspondence 
concerning  the  regiment  or  affecting  its  personnel. 

272.  All  orders  and  circulars  from  the  Headquarters  of  the  Army,  or  of  the  corps, 
division,  brigade,  or  territorial  department  in  which  the  regiment  may  l^e  serving, 
will  be  filed  in  book  form  and  indexed  as  soon  as  received. 


42  BANDS TROOPS,   BATTERIES,   AND    COMPANIES. 

BANDS. 

273.  The  bands  of  cavalry  regiments  and  of  the  Artillery  Corps  shall  each  con- 
sist of  one  chief  nuisician,  one  chief  trumpeter,  one  principal  musician,  one  drum 
major,  four  sergeants,  eight  corporals,  one  cook,  and  eleven  privates. 

274.  The  bands  of  infantry  regiments  and  the  engineer  band  shall  each  consist 
of  one  chief  musician,  one  principal  musician,  one  drum  major,  four  sergeants,  eight 
corporals,  one  cook,  and  twelve  privates. 

275.  The  noncommissioned  officers  of  regimental  bands  will  be  appointed  by  the 
regimental  commanders,  upon  the  recommendation  of  regimental  adjutants,  under 
the  same  conditions  prescribed  in  paragraph  268  for  the  noncommissioned  staff  of 
the  regiment.  The  noncommissioned  officers  of  the  engineer  band  will  be  appointed 
by  the  commanding  officer  of  the  battalion  with  which  the  band  is  serving;  the 
noncommissioned  officers  of  the  artillery  bands  will  be  appointed  by  the  command- 
ing officers  of  the  posts  at  which  they  are  stationed. 

276.  When  a  regiment  occupies  several  stations  the  band  will  be  kept  at  head- 
quarters, provided  one  or  more  companies  be  serving  there.  The  field  musicians  of 
companies  will  not  be  separated  therefrom.  The  artillery  and  engineer  bands  will 
be  assigned  to  stations  by  the  Secretary  of  War  upon  the  recommendation  of  the 
Chiefs  of  Engineers  and  Artillery,  respectively. 

277.  Musical  instruments,  mentioned  in  paragraph  1326,  extra  parts  therefor, 
and  equipments  for  bands  will  be  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department. 
Musical  instruments  other  than  those  above  referred  to  may  be  purchased  from 
available  regimental  funds.  The  quartermaster  will  be  accountable  for  band  instru- 
ments furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department;  the  adjutant  for  those  pur- 
chased from  the  regimental  fund. 

278.  Regimental  commanders  will  notify  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army 
direct  when  field  or  band  musicians  are  required. 

279.  Commanding  officers  will  require  bands  to  play  national  and  patriotic  airs 
on  appropriate  occasions.  The  playing  of  a  national  or  patriotic  air  as  a  part  of  a 
medley  is  prohibited. 

ARTICLE  XXXII. 

Troops,  Batteries,  and  Companies, 
officers  and  noncommissioned  officers 

2§0.  Captains,  although  eligible  for  detail  in  the  staff  and  for  appointment  as 
aids  and  regimental  staff  officers,  and  liable  to  the  temporary  details  of  service, 
will  not,  except  for  urgent  reasons,  be  detached  from  their  companies. 

281.  The  commanding  officer  of  a  company  is  responsible  for  its  appearance,  dis- 
cipline, and  efficiency;  for  the  care  and  preservation  of  its  equipment;  for  the  proper 
performance  of  duties  connected  with  its  subsistence,  pay,  clothing,  accounts,  reports, 
and  returns. 

282.  In  the  absence  of  its  captain,  the  command  of  a  company  devolves  npon  the 
subaltern  next  in  rank  who  is  serving  with  it,  unless  otherwise  specially  directed. 

283.  In  the  absence  of  all  the  officers  of  a  company,  the  post  commander  will 
assign  an  officer,  preferably  of  the  same  regiment,  to  its  command.  If  there  be  no 
officer  available,  the  fact  will  be  reported  to  the  department  commander. 

284.  Captains  will  require  their  lieutenants  to  assist  in  the  performance  of  all 
company  duties,  including  the  keeping  of  records  and  the  preparation  of  the  neces- 
sary reports  and  returns. 


TROOPS,   BATTERIES,   AND    COMPANIES.  43 

2§5.  Noncommissioned  officers  will  be  carefully  selected  and  instructed,  and 
always  supported  by  company  commanders  in  the  proper  performance  of  their  duties. 
They  will  not  be  detiiiled  for  any  duty  nor  permitted  to  engage  in  any  occupation 
inconsistent  with  their  rank  and  position.  Officers  will  be  cautious  in  reproving 
them  in  the  presence  or  hearing  of  private  soldiers. 

286.  Company  noncommissioned  officers  are  appointed  by  regimental  com- 
manders, or  by  battalion  (commanders  under  the  conditions  stated  in  paragraph  268, 
on  the  recommendation  of  their  company  commanders;  but  in  no  case  will  any  com- 
pany organization  have  an  excess  of  noncommissioned  officers  above  that  allowed 
by  law. 

SiT.  To  test  the  capacity  of  privates  for  the  duties  of  noncommissioned  officers 
company  commanders  may  appoint  lance  corporals,  who  will  hold  such  appointment 
not  to  exceed  three  months,  and  will  be  obeyed  and  respected  as  corporals.  The 
appointments,  with  the  approval  of  the  regimental,  post,  or  battalion  commander, 
may  be  renewed  for  three  months,  but  no  company  shall  have  more  than  one  lance 
corporal  at  a  time,  unless  there  are  noncommissioned  officers  absent  by  authority, 
during  which  absences  there  may  be  one  for  each  absentee.  Lance  corporals  holding 
renewed  appointments  are  on  the  same  footing  regarding  reduction  as  corporals.  A 
lance  corporal  holding  a  first  appointment  will  wear  the  uniform  of  a  private  with  a 
chevron  having  one  bar  of  lace  or  braid;  if  holding  a  renewed  appointment  he  will 
wear  the  uniform  of  a  corporal,  except  that  the  chevron  will  have  but  one  bar  of  lace 
or  braid. 

28§.  The  captain  will  select  the  first  sergeant  from  the  sergeants  of  his  company, 
and  may  return  him  to  the  grade  of  sergeant  without  reference  to  higher  authority. 

289.  Each  noncommissioned  officer  will  be  furnished  with  a  certificate  or  war- 
rant of  his  rank,  signed  by  the  officer  making  the  appointment,  and  countersigned 
by  the  adjutant;  but  a  separate  warrant  as  first  sergeant,  quartermaster-sergeant,  or 
stable-sergeant  will  not  be  given.  A  warrant  issued  to  a  noncommissioned  officer  is 
his  personal  property.  Warrants  need  not  be  renewed  in  cases  of  reenlistment  in  the 
same  company,  if  reenlistment  is  made  the  day  following  the  day  of  discharge,  but, 
upon  request,  may  remain  in  force  until  vacated  by  promotion  or  reduction,  each  reen- 
listment and  continuance  to  be  noted  on  the  warrant  by  the  company  commander. 

290.  Appointments  of  company  noncommissioned  officers  will  take  effect  on  the 
day  of  appointment  by  the  authorized  commander,  and  .of  first  sergeants,  quarter- 
master-sergeants, stable-sergeants,  cooks,  artificers,  farriers  and  blacksmiths,  saddlers, 
wagoners,  musicians  and  trumpeters  on  the  day  of  appointment  by  the  company 
commander;  but  in  case  of  vacancy  in  a  company  in  the  field  and  absent  from  regi- 
mental headquarters,  a  company  commander  may  make  a  temporary  appointment  of 
a  noncommissioned  officer,  which,  if  approved  by  the  regimental  commander,  will 
carry  rank  and  pay  from  the  date  of  such  appointment. 

291.  A  noncommissioned  officer  may  be  reduced  to  the  ranks  by  sentence  of  a 
court-martial,  or  on  the  recommendation  of  the  company  commander,  by  the  order 
of  the  commander  having  authority  to  appoint  such  noncommissioned  officer,  but  a 
noncommissioned  officer  will  not  be  reduced  because  of  absence  on  account  of  sick- 
ness, or  injury  contracted  in  the  line  of  duty.  If  reduced  to  the  ranks  by  sentence  of 
court-martial  at  a  post  not  the  headquarters  of  his  regiment,  the  company  commander 
will  forward  a  transcript  of  the  order  to  the  regimental  commander.  The  desertion 
of  a  noncommissioned  officer  vacates  his  position  on  the  date  of  desertion. 

292.  Mechanics,  cooks,  farriers  and  blacksmiths,  artificers,  saddlers,  wagoners, 
field  musicians,  and  trumpeters  are  enlisted  as  privates,  and  after  joining  their  com- 
panies are  appointed  by  their  respective  company  commanders;  for  inefficiency  or 
misconduct  they  are  subject  to  reduction  by  the  same  authority. 


44         COMPANY    BOOKS INTERIOK    ECONOMY    OF    COMPANIES. 

293.  A  soldier  may,  when  necessary,  be  relieved  from  ordinary  military  duty  to 
make,  repair,  or  alter  uniforms.  The  post  council  will  fix  the  rates  to  be  charged, 
which  will  not  exceed  'the  cost  of  doing  such  work  at  the  clothing  depot,  and  com- 
pany commanders  will  cause  to  be  deducted  from  the  pay  of  enlisted  men  and  turned 
over  to  the  proper  party  the  amount  properly  due  therefor.  The  provisions  of  this 
paragraph  will  be  construed  to  apply  to  civilian  tailors,  as  well  as  to  enlisted  men 
detailed  for  that  duty  by  proper  authority. 

COxMPANY    BOOKS   AND   RECORDS. 

294.  The  company  records  will  consist  of:  A  company  order  book,  a  book  of 
letters  received,  an  index  of  letters  received,  a  book  of  letters  sent,  an  in4ex  of  letters 
sent,  a  company  council  book,  supplied  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department;  a  sick 
report  book,  a  company  clothing  book,  a  morning  report  book,  a  destTiptive  and 
deposit  book,  and  a  duty  roster,  supplied  by  the  Adjutant-General;  also  for  a  com- 
pany of  cavalry  or  light  artillery,  a  descriptive  book  of  public  animals,  furnished  by 
the  Quartermaster's  Department.  A  record  of  vaccinations  will  be  entered  in  the 
descriptive  and  deposit  book.  The  records  will  also  contain  orders  and  instructions 
received  from  higher  authority,  retained  copies  of  the  various  rolls,  reports,  and 
returns  required  by  regulations  and  existing  orders,  and  ail  letters  and  correspondence 
affecting  the  personnel  of  the  company.  Copies  of  orders  entered  by  first  sergeants 
in  company  order  books  will  be  attested  by  the  adjutant. 

295.  The  records  of  each  company  or  detachment  will  contain  full  information 
respecting  all  quartermaster's  supplies,  showing  list  of  articles,  date  of  receipt,  from 
whom  received,  and  name  of  officer  who  signed  memorandum  receipt  therefor;  also 
an  account  of  all  articles  turned  in,  expended,  stolen,  lost,  or  destroyed;  and  the 
company  or  detachment  commander  will  quarterly,  and  when  relinquishing  his 
command,  have  a  settlement  with  the  quartermaster. 

INTERIOR   ECONOMY    OF   COMPANIES. 

296.  Company,  band,  and  detachment  commanders  will  make  a  complete  inspec- 
tion of  their  organizations  under  arms  every  Saturday.  They  will  also  make  a  daily 
inspection  of  the  men's  quarters  and  kitchens,  giving  particular  attention  to  cleanli- 
ness and  the  proper  preparation  of  food,  and  noting  whether  all  lamps  in  use  have 
been  cleaned,  filled,  and  made  ready  for  lighting,  before  dark.  No  one  will  be 
excused  from  Saturday  inspection  except  the  guard  and  the  sick  in  hospital.  Cavalry 
and  field  artillery  will  habitually  be  inspected  mounted. 

29 T.  The  company  commander  will  cause  the  enlisted  men  of  the  company  to  be 
numbered  and  divided  into  four  squads,  each  under  the  charge  of  a  noncommissioned 
officer.     As  far  as  practicable  the  men  of  each  squad  will  be  quartered  together. 

29§.  In  quarters  the  name  of  each  soldier  will  be  attached  to  his  bunk,  arms  will 
be  kept  in  racks,  bayonets  in  their  scabbards.  Accoutrements  and  sabers  will  be 
hung  up  by  the  belts. 

299.  Strict  attention  will  be  paid  by  company  commanders  to  the  cleanliness  of 
the  men  and  to  the  police  of  barracks  or  tents.  The  men  will  be  required  to  bathe 
frequently.  The  hair  will  be  kept  short  and  the  beard  neatly  trimmed.  Soiled 
clothing  will  be  kept  in  the  barrack  bag. 

300.  A  thorough  police  of  barracks  will  x>recede  the  Saturday  inspection.  The 
chiefs  of  squads  will  see  that  bunks  and  bedding  are  overhauled,  floors,  tables,  and 
benches  scoured,  arms  and  accoutrements  cleaned,  and  all  articles  of  black  leather 
polished. 

301.  Chiefs  of  squads  will  be  held  responsible  for  the  cleanliness  of  their  men. 
They  will  see  that  those  who  are  to  go  on  duty  put  their  arms,  accoutrements,  and 
clothing  in  the  best  order,  and  that  such  as  have  passes  leave  the  post  in  proper  dress. 


Of  T«t 

or 

INTERIOR    ECONOMY MESSING    AlHi^MUBOyliS^  45 

3058.  Soldiers  will  wear  uniform  in  camp  or  garrison,  and  will  not  l)e  permitted 
to  keep  other  clothing  in  their  possession.  When  on  fatigue  they  will  wear  suitable 
fatigue  dress. 

303.  The  articles  borne  upon  the  annual  price  list  of  clothing,  published  in  orders, 
will  be  considered  the  uniform,  and  no  deviation  therefrom  will  be  allowed. 

304.  Company  commanders  will  see  that  all  public  property  in  the  possession  of 
enlisted  men  is  kept  in  good  order,  and  that  missing  or  damaged  articles  are  duly 
accounted  for. 

305.  Company  commanders  are  responsible  for  text-books  and  other  official 
publications  issued  for  the  use  of  their  companies. 

306.  Enlisted  men  will  not  take  their  arms  apart  except  by  jiermission  of  a  com- 
missioned officer.  The  mutilation  of  any  part  by  filing  or  otherwise,  and  attempts  to 
beautify  or  change  the  finish,  are  prohibited.  Pieces  will  be  unloaded  before  being 
taken  to  quarters  or  tents,  and  as  soon  as  the  men  using  them  are  relieved  from  duty, 
unless  otherwise  ordered.  The  use  of  tompions  in  small  arms  is  forbidden.  The 
prohibition  in  this  paragraph  of  attempts  to  beautify  or  change  the  finish  of  arms 
in  the  hands  of  enlisted  men  is  not  construed  as  forbidding  the  application  of  raw 
linseed  oil  to  the  wood  parts  of  the  arm.  This  oil  is  considered  necessary  for  the 
preservation  of  the  wood,  and  it  may  be  used  for  such  polishing  as  can  be  given  by 
rubbing  in  one  or  more  coats  when  necessary.  The  use  of  raw  linseed  oil  only  will 
be  allowed  for  redressing,  and  the  application  for  such  purpose  of  any  kind  of  wax 
or  varnish,  including  heelball,  is  strictly  prohibited. 

307.  It  is  forbidden  to  use  any  dressing  or  polishing  material  on  the  leather 
accoutrements  or  equipments  of  the  soldier,  the  horse  equipments  for  cavalry,  or  the 
artillery  harness,  except  the  preparations  suj^plied  by  the  Ordnance  Department  for 
that  purpose. 

30§.  Equipments  will  be  fitted  to  the  men  under  the  direction  of  an  officer;  all 
other  changes  are  prohibited. 

309.  Articles  of  public  property  issued  to  a  company  for  its  exclusive  use  will, 
when  practicable,  be  marked  with  the  letter  or  number  of  the  company  and  number 
and  arm  of  the  regiment.  Such  articles  issued  to  an  enlisted  man  (arms  and  clothing 
excepted)  will,  as  far  as  practicable,  be  marked  with  the  number  of  the  man,  letter 
or  number  of  the  company,  and  number  of  the  regiment.  Haversacks  and  blanket  bags 
will  be  uniformly  marked  on  the  outside  as  follows:  Cavalry,  crossed  sabers;  infan- 
try, crossed  rifles,  with  letter  of  company  above  and  number  of  regiment  below  the 
intersection;  artillery,  crossed  cannons  with  the  number  of  the  company  or  battery 
at  the  mtersection  of  the  cannons;  the  special  corps  of  the  Army  according  to  their 
respective  devices.  The  design  w  ill  be  stenciled  in  black,  the  device  five  inches  long, 
and  letters  and  numbers  in  full-faced  characters  one  inch  high.  The  design  will 
be  placed  above  letters  '*U.  S."  on  equipments,  and  the  number  of  the  soldier,  in 
characters  one  inch  high,  will  be  placed  at  the  bottom,  near  the  lower  edge  of  the 
blanket  bag.  The  canteen  will  be  marked  with  the  letter  or  number  of  the  company, 
number  of  the  regiment,  and  number  of  the  man. 

MESSIN(}    AND   COOKING. 

310.  In  camp  or  barracks,  where  companies  are  not  joined  in  a  general  mess,  a 
comj)any  commander  will  supervise  the  cooking  and  messing  of  his  men.  He  will 
see  that  his  company  is  provided  with  at  least  two  copies  of  the  Manual  for  Army 
Cooks,  and  that  suitable  men  in  suflicient  numbers  are  fully  instructed  in  managing 
and  cooking  the  ration  in  the  field;  also  that  necessary  utensils  in  serviceable  condi- 
tion are  always  on  hand,  together  with  the  field  mess  furniture  for  each  man.    At  a 


46  KITCHENS COUNCILS    OF    ADMINISTRATION. 

post  where  all  the  companies  are  joined  in  a  general  mess,  the  post  commander  will 
see  that  the  instruction  above  mentioned  is  given.  At  such  a  post  a  company  com- 
mander will  confine  his  supervision  of  the  mess  of  his  company  to  observation  and 
to  notifying  the  officer  in  charge  in  writing  of  anything  requiring  remedy.  Should 
this  officer  fail  to  apply  proper  remedy,  report  may  then  be  made  to  the  post  com- 
mander. A  department  commander  will  see  that  each  company  of  his  command 
has  the  necessary  field  practice  each  year. 

311.  Kitchens  will  be  placed  under  the  immediate  charge  of  noncommissioned 
officers,  who  will  be  held  responsible  for  their  condition  and  for  the  proper  use  of 
rations.  No  one  will  be  allowed  to  visit  or  remain  in  the  kitchen  except  those  who 
go  there  on  duty,  or  are  employed  therein.  The  greatest  care  wall  be  observed  in 
cleaning  and  scouring  cooking  utensils. 

312.  Special  regulations  for  soldiers'  fare  can  not  be  made  to  suit  each  locality 
and  circumstance.  Personal  care  and  judgment  on  the  part  of  company  officers  are 
relied  on  to  prevent  waste  or  misuse.  By  due  economy  some  part  of  the  ration  can 
be  saved  and  sold,  and  the  proceeds  applied  to  provide  additional  articles  of  diet. 

313.  The  Manual  for  Army  Cooks  contains  comprehensive  instructions  in  cook- 
ing, which  will  be  observed  as  far  as  practicable. 

314.  The  food  of  prisoners  will  be  sent  to  their  places  of  confinement  when  prac- 
ticable, but  post  commanders  may  arrange  to  send  prisoners,  under  proper  guard,  to 
their  messes. 

315.  Kitchen  and  table  ware  and  mess  furniture  will  be  supplied  by  the  Quarter- 
master's Department.  Allowances  will  be  announced  in  orders.  Post  commanders 
will  enforce  rigid  economy  in  regard  to  such  property.  Articles  broken,  lost,  or 
damaged  will  be  charged  to  individuals  at  fault.  Such  proportions  of  company 
allowances  of  fuel,  illuminating  supplies,  brooms,  and  scrubbing  brushes  as  may  be 
necessary  for  the  service  of  a  general  mess  will  be  allotted  by  the  post  commander. 

316.  In  the  field  the  mess  furniture  of  a  soldier  will  be  limited  to  one  tin  cup, 
knife,  fork,  and  spoon,  and  such  device  for  individual  cooking  as  may  be  furnished 
by  the  Ordnance  Department. 

ARTICLE  XXXIII. 

Councils  of  Administration. 

317.  Post,  post  exchange,  company,  and  mess  councils  of  administration  are 
assembled  to  audit  the  bakery,  exchange,  company,  and  mess  funds,  respectively,  to 
ascertain  and  examine  the  sources  from  which,  and  methods  by  which  they  have 
accrued,  and  to  recommend  expenditures  therefrom.  Post  councils  are  also  called  to 
dehberate  upon  and  recommend  action,  within  the  limits  allowed  by  regulations, 
upon  such  subjects  affecting  the  welfare  and  economy  of  the  post  as  commanding 
officers  may  submit  to  them.  The  post  treasurer,  post  exchange  officer,  and  company 
commanders  are,  respectively,  the  custodians  of  the  bakery,  exchange,  and  company 
funds. 

31  §.  Company,  post  exchange  bakery,  and  other  funds  authorized  by  paragraph 
317  will,  if  deposited  in  bank,  be  placed  under  their  official  designation,  as,  for  exam- 
ple. Company  Fund,  Company  B,  Twenty-first  Infantry,  and  not  to  the  credit  of  the 
officer  who  is  custodian. 

When  such  deposit  is  made  there  will  be  filed  with  the  bank  official  copies  of  the 
orders  making  the  officer  custodian,  his  signature  certified  to  by  the  next  higher 
commander,  and  a  copy  of  this  regulation. 

An  oflficer  succeeding  to  the  custody  of  such  funds  will  transmit  to  the  bank, 
through  the  next  higher  commander,  his  signature  and  dated  official  copies  of  his 


COUNCILS    OF    ADMINISTRATION.  47 

authority,  which  department  or  division  commanders  will  verify  if  so  requested  by 
the  bank. 

319.  On  the  last  day  of  each  quarter,  and  when  necessary,  the  post,  post  exchange, 
and  general  mess  councils  will  be  convened  by  the  post  commander,  and  the  com- 
pany council  by  the  company  connnander.  The  mess  and  exchange  councils  will 
also  meet  at  the  call  of  their  presidents.  The  post  council  will  consist  of  the  three 
officers  on  duty  at  the  post  next  in  rank  to  the  commander,  or  of  as  many  as  are  avail- 
able, if  less  than  three.  If  only  the  commanding  officer  be  present,  he  will  act.  The 
post  exchange  council  will  consist  of  three  officers,  viz,  the  officer  in  charge  of  the 
exchange  and  two  company  commanders  detailed  by  roster,  or,  when  this  is  imprac^ti- 
cable,  the  exchange  council  will  be  constituted  as  prescribed  for  the  post  council. 
The  company  council  will  consist  of  all  officers  present  for  duty  with  the  company, 
and  the  mess  council  of  the  commanders  of  the  several  companies  participating  in  the 
general  mess. 

320.  The  junior  member  of  each  council  will  record  its  proceedings  in  an  appro- 
priate book,  to  include  a  written  certificate  of  the  responsible  officer  that  the  funds 
are  on  deposit  in  a  reputable  banking  institution  named  in  the  certificate,  or  a  state- 
ment that  they  have  been  exhibited  to  the  council,  which  proceedings  will  be  signed 
by  the  president  and  recorder.  The  post  or  other  commander  will  require  the  pro- 
ceedings to  be  kept  as  this  regulation  prescribes  and  will  decide  disagreements  in 
those  of  company  councils.  Those  of  the  post,  exchange,  and  mess  councils  will  be 
submitted  to  the  post  or  other  commander,  who  will  sign  his  approval  or  objection 
in  the  council  book.  Should  the  post  or  other  commander  disapprove  the  proceed- 
ings, and  the  council,  after  reconsideration,  adhere  to  its  conclusions,  a  copy  of  the 
proceedings  will  be  sent  by  the  commanding  officer  to  the  department  commander, 
whose  decision  thereon  upon  all  questions  not  involving  pecuniary  responsibility  will 
be  final.  Upon  such  questions  appeal  may  be  taken  to  the  Secretary  of  War.  The 
final  orders  in  each  case  will  be  entered  in  the  council  book. 

321.  The  post  council  will  fix  laundry  charges,  prices  charged  by  tradesmen  for 
making  and  repairing  uniforms  of  enlisted  men,  and,  when  directed,  will  submit 
regulations  for  the  post  school, 

322.  The  commanding  officer  who  approves  the  appropriations  of  a  council,  and 
in  the  matter  of  the  company  fund  the  company  commander,  will  be  held  responsible 
for  all  expenditures  not  made  in  accordance  with  regulations. 

323.  In  case  of  loss  of  regimental,  bakery,  exchange,  company,  or  mess  funds, 
the  circumstances  will  be  carefully  investigated  and  reported  by  the  post  council, 
with  recommendation  as  to  responsibility,  for  the  decision  of  the  department  com- 
mander. In  case  of  appeal  from  his  action  the  papers  will  be  forwarded  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  for  the  decision  of  the  War  Department. 


48  FUNDS. 


ARTICLE  XXXIV. 

Regimental,  Bakery,  Company,  and  Mubs  Funds, 
general  provisions. 

324.  The  purchase  from  regimental,  bakery,  company,  or  mess  funds  of  any 
article  which  can  be  obtained  on  requisition  from  a  supply  department  is  forbidden. 

325.  No  projects  by  which  money  will  accrue  will  be  entered  upon  under  color 
of  miUtary  control  without  specific  authority  from  the  War  Department. 

REGIMENTAL    FUND. 

326.  This  fund  consists  of  the  gross  amounts  received  on  account  of  the  band,  from 
post  ex(;hange  profits,  voluntary  contributions,  amounts  retained  for  regimental  use 
from  proceeds  of  private  engagements  of  the  band,  and  from  sale  of  articles  purchased. 
The  adjutant  will  be  the  treasurer  of  the  fund,  and  will  disburse  it  under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  regimental  commander.  A  record  of  all  receipts  and  expenditures  and  a 
complete  list  of  property  purchased  will  be  kept  in  the  regimental  fund  book. 

BAKERY    FUND. 

32T.  The  usual  ration  of  bread  is  18  ounces,  but  the  weight  of  it  may  be  increased 
within  the  Hmits  of  the  flour  ration,  at  the  discretion  of  the  commanding  officer, 
upon  the  recommendation  of  the  post  council  of  administration.  Such  portion  of  the 
flour  as  the  company  commander  deems  necessary  for  food  in  other  forms  than 
bread — not  exceeding  two  ounces  per  ration— may  be  drawn  by  the  company.  The 
remainder  will  be  turned  into  the  post  bakery,  and  for  each  ration  of  flour  thus 
turned  in  the  company  is  entitled  to  one  ration  of  bread  or  the  price  of  one  flour 
ration.  Savings  on  the  flour  ration,  ordinarily  33  per  cent,  will  be  disposed  of  by 
the  post  treasurer  for  the  Ixjnefit  of  the  troops;  bread  may  be  baked  from  it  for  sale 
to  civilian  employees  and  others  connected  with  the  military  service  at  the  post,  and 
to  post  exchanges;  the  residue  of  the  flour  will  be  sold.  At  the  end  of  every  quarter 
the  post  council  will  make  an  equitable  distribution  of  the  money  savings  of  the 
bakery,  and  this  action,  when  approved  by  the  post  commander,  will  be  final.  Sur- 
plus bread  will  be  sold  only  by  the  bakery.  When  enlisted  men  or  others  entitled 
to  rations  are  allowed  to  mess  separately  from  companies  or  organizations,  they  will 
not,  when  flour  is  issued  to  them  by  the  Subsistence  Department,  be  required  to  turn 
it  into  the  post  bakery,  if  they  prefer  the  ration  of  flour  to  the  ration  of  bread  issued 
therefrom,  but  they  will  not  be  entitled  to  any  share  of  the  bakery  profits.  The 
savings  of  flour  by  troops  in  the  field  will  be  credited  to  the  company  fund. 

32§.  The  bakery  fund  will  be  under  the  supervision  of  the  post  council,  and  will 
be  collected  and  held  by  the  officer  appointed  by  the  post  commander  as  post  treas- 
urer, who  will  also  act  as  post  librarian. 

329.  The  post  treasurer  will  open  an  account  with  the  bakery  fund,  and  will  make 
payments  therefrom  in  pursuance  of  specific  appropriations  by  the  post  council, 
approved  by  the  post  commander.  The  account  will  at  all  times  be  subject  to  the 
post  commander's  inspection. 

330.  When  an  officer  is  relieved  from  duty  as  post  treasurer,  his  accounts  will  be 
audited  by  the  post  council. 

COMPANY    AND    MESS   FUNDS. 

331.  The  company  fund,  which  will  consist  of  the  gross  amounts  of  money 
received  from  all  sources,  is  received  by  the  company  commander  and,  with  the 
concurrence  of  the  company  council,  is  disbursed  by  him  solely  for  the  benefit  of 
the  company.     Articles  of  the  established  ration  purchased  with  company  funds 


FUNDS BAKERIES.  49 

will  bo  punrhased  from  the  commissary,  if  practicable.  Tlie  fund  of  the  hospital,  or 
of  a  (leta(!hinent  or  band  having  a  separate  mess,  is  regarded  iis  a  company  fund. 
Moneys  accruing  to  the  fund  of  a  detachment  of  the  Hospital  Corps,  together  with 
the  proceeds  from  the  savings  of  the  rations  of  the  sick  in  hospital,  belong  to  the 
hospital  fund. 

332.  The  company  commander  will  keep  an  account  of  the  company  fund,  which 
will  be  subject  to  inspection  by  the  commander  of  the  post  and  regiment  and  mem- 
bers of  the  company  council. 

333.  P^xtra  compensation  may  be  paid  to  enlisted  men  from  company  or  general 
mess  funds  as  follows:  From  a  company  fund,  25  cents  per  day  to  the  head  cook; 
from  a  general  mess  fund,  not  exceeding  $2.00  per  day,  to  be  apportioned  by  the 
mess  council  among  the  cooks  and  other  necessary  regular  attendants.  Of  this  $2.00 
the  mess  council  may  allot  to  the  mess  steward  ( wlio  may  be  a  noncommissioned 
officer)  a  per  diem  of  50  cents,  and  in  addition  thereto  a  share  of  the  remaining  $1.50. 
The  head  cook  of  a  company  and  such  of  the  regular  attendants  of  a  general  mess  as 
the  commanding  officer  may  designate  will  be  inspected  and  mustered  in  the  kitchen 
or  mess  hall.  They  will  be  excnsed  from  the  ordinary  post  duties,  but  will  attend 
target  practice  when  practicable. 

334.  An  officer  appointed  by  the  post  commander  will,  under  his  direction,  con- 
duct the  general  mess  affairs,  make  necessary  purchases,  and  have  charge  of  the  mess 
fund.  Quarterly  and  when  relieved  he  will  submit  to  the  mess  council  a  statement 
of  all  business  dealings  and  money  transactions,  with  proper  vouchers.  Upon  the 
call  of  the  mess  council,  he  will  furnish  information  regarding  the  condition  and 
management  of  the  mess.  A  company  on  taking  the  field  or  withdrawing  from  a 
general  mess  will  be  entitled  to  a  just  share  of  the  fund  thereof,  to  be  determined  by 
the  mess  council,  approved  by  the  post  commander. 

ARTICLE  XXXV. 

Post  Bakeries. 

335.  Bread  will  be  baked  in  post  bakeries  when  practicable.  At  all  permanent 
posts  a  suitable  building  for  the  purpose,  and  the  necessary  utensils  and  furniture 
therefor,  will  be  provided  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department.  Such  necessary  fuel 
as  can  be  saved  from  authorized  issues  to  troops  may  be  used  in  post  bakeries.  If 
more  is  needed  it  may  be  purchased  from  the  quartermaster  at  contract  price.  The 
post  treasurer,  under  the  supervision  of  the  commanding  officer,  will  have  charge  of 
the  bakery. 

336.  A  competent  enlisted  man  will  be  detailed  as  chief  baker,  and  if  necessary, 
one  or  more  enlisted  men  as  assistant  bakers. 

337.  Extra  pay  to  post  bakers  will  be  paid  from  the  bakery  fund,  and  the  follow- 
ing daily  rates  are  authorized:  To  the  chief  baker  at  a  post  of  one  company,  25 cents; 
two  companies,  35  cents;  three  companies,  40  cents;  four  or  more  companies,  50 
cents.  To  each  necessary  assistant,  10  cents  less  than  the  chief  baker,  when  the 
chief  baker's  pay  is  40  cents  or  less,  and  15  cents  less,  when  the  chief  baker's  pay  is 
50  cents. 

338.  The  expenses  of  the  bakery  will  be  restricted  to  the  extra  pay  of  the  bakers, 
the  purchase  of  articles  necessary  for  making  bread,  and  utensils  not  furnished  by 
the  supply  departments.  These  expenses  must  be  paid  from  the  savings  of  the  flour 
ration. 

339.  The  chief  baker  will  be  inspected  and  mustered  at  the  post  bakery;  He 
will  be  excused  from  ordinary  post  duties,  but  will  attend  target  practice  when 
praciticable. 

340.  The  baking  of  bread  by  companies  at  posts  is  expressly  forbidden. 

22778—03 4 


60  LTBRAKIES    AND    READING    ROOMS. 

ARTICLE  XXXVI. 

Libraries,  Reading  Rooms,  etc. 

341.  At  each  permanent  post  suitable  rooms  will  be  set  apart  for  use  as  library, 
reading  room,  chapel,  and  school.  The  Quartermaster-General  will  procure  and  for- 
ward to  post  libraries  such  newspapers  and  periodicals,  and  to  post  schools  such 
schoolbooks,  stationery,  and  school  material  for  the  use  of  enlisted  men  as  are  author- 
ized by  the  Secretary  of  War.  Newspapers  and  periodicals  will  not  be  taken  from 
the  library;  schoolbooks  will  not  be  taken  from  the  schoolroom  except  for  the  proper 
use  of  those  attending  the  post  school.  These  books  and  periodicals  are  intended 
especially  for  the  use  of  enlisted  men.  Books  for  post  chapel  services  are  not  fur- 
nished by  the  Government;  the  chaplain  is  expected  to  obtain  them  through  the 
voluntary  contributions  of  those  interested.  The  library  and  reading  rooms  may  be 
used  by  officers  in  such  manner  as  not  to  interfere  with  their  use  by  enlisted  men. 

342.  On  the  30th  of  June  of  every  year,  each  officer  in  charge  of  a  post  or  regi- 
mental library  will  forward,  through  regular  channels,  to  the  Adjutant-General  of 
the  Army,  a  return  of  all  books  on  hand  in  or  pertaining  thereto.  Such  books  as 
are  now  required  by  regulations  to  be  accounted  foron  property  returns  and  muster 
rolls  shall  not  be  included  in  the  library  returns.  Post  and  regimental  commanders 
will  examine  the  returns  and  certify  thereon  that  the  books  in  the  library  are 
accounted  for  as  required  by  orders  and  regulations. 

343.  Adjutants-general  of  departments  will,  on  June  30th  of  each  year,  render 
to  the  Adjutant-General  like  returns  of  all  library  books  on  hand  in  their  charge  at 
the  respective  department  headquarters.  These  returns  will  be  in  addition  to  the 
property  returns  required  to  be  made  by  them  under  paragraph  215  of  these  Regula- 
tions. The  necessary  blank  forms  for  returns  of  books  will  be  furnished  by  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  and  the  returns  will  be  made  in  accordance  with  the 
directions  printed  upon  the  blanks. 

344.  When  library  books  are  damaged  or  lost,  the  fact  will  be  reported  to  the 
commanding  officer  l)y  the  librarian,  and  the  person  responsible  for  the  loss  or  dam- 
age will  be  req\nred  to  replace  the  book  by  a  new  copy,  or  to  pay  its  value  in  money 
to  the  librarian  to  enable  him  to  procure  one. 

345.  Valuable  books  pertaining  to  a  post  library  which  have  become  unservice- 
able by  fair  wear  and  tear  will,  when  practicable,  be  repaired,  and  the  cost  of  repair 
will  be  a  proper  charge  against  the  funds  of  the  post  exchange. 

346.  Books  received  from  the  War  Department  will  be  promptly  acknowledged 
to  the  isL^uing  officer  and  to  the  Adjutant-General  and,  together  with  all  library  books 
received  from  other  sources,  will  be  taken  up  on  the  return. 

347.  Inspectors-general  will,  at  the  annual  inspection  of  j)osts,  examine  the 
methods  adopted  for  the  care  and  preservation  of  the  library,  condemn  and  destroy 
such  books  as  may  be  unserviceable  and  worthless,  and  note  action  in  their  reports 
of  the  inspections  of  the  posts. 

348.  The  necessary  orders  for  the  disposition  of  the  books  on  hand  when  a  post 
is  abandoned  or  discontinued  will  be  given  by  the  War  Department. 

349.  At  any  poet  where  building  material  can  be  obtained  without  exjiense  to  the 
Government,  and  enlisted  men  desire  to  erect  buildings  by  their  own  labor  for  use  as 
post  exchanges,  gymnasiums,  bowling  alleys,  and  other  places  of  amusement,  the  post 
commander  is  authorized  to  use  the  necessary  teams  and  such  tools,  window  sash, 
doors,  and  other  material  as  may  be  on  hand  and  can  be  spared. 

350.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  is  authorized  to  transport  gymnastic  and 
athletic  appliances,  purchased  with  regimental  or  company  funds,  for  the  use  of 


POST    GARDENS POST    SCHOOLS.  51 

troops,  from  the  nearest  market  to  the  post  or  station  of  the  troops.  In  all  cases  of 
necessary  removal  the  articles  supplied  for  use  in  bakeries,  libraries,  reading  rooms, 
schools,  and  gymnasiums  will  also  be  transported  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department. 

351.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  furnish  fuel  for  heating  libraries,  read- 
ing rooms,  schools,  chapels,  and  gymnasiums,  as  indicated  in  paragraph  1110. 

ARTICLE  XXXVII. 

Post  Gardens. 

352.  Commanding  officers  of  posts  at  or  near  which  suitable  public  lands  are  avail- 
able, will  set  aside  for  post  gardens  such  ground  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  produc- 
tion of  vegetables  for  the  command,  and  will  cause  it  to  be  cultivated  by  tlie  garrison. 

353.  Seeds  for  post  gardens  may  be  procured  from  the  commissary  or  from  deal- 
ers or  producers  in  the  vicinity  of  the  post.  Payment  for  such  articles  at  cost  prices 
will  be  made  from  post-exchange  funds,  or  pro  rata  from  company  and  hospital  funds. 

354.  Department  commanders  will  give  such  instructions  as  liiay  be  necessary  for 
carrying  these  regulations  into  effect  and  for  the  proper  distribution  of  products  of 
gardens  among  those  entitled  to  them.  Surplus  products  may  he  sold  and  the  pro- 
ceeds divided  among  the  company  funds  of  the  garrison  according  to  strength  of 
companies. 

ARTICLE  XXXVIII. 

Post  Schools. 

355.  The  instruction  of  enlisted  men  is  a  military  duty.  The  post  commander 
will  detail  an  officer  to  conduct  the  post  school.  Instruction  will  be  given  by  offi- 
cers, assisted  by  teachers  detailed  from  the  enlisted  men.  Commanding  officers  are 
enjoined  to  personally  aid  and  encourage  those  needing  instruction,  which  will  not 
be  restricted  to  the  elementary  branches,  but  will  extend  to  and  include  any  subjects 
for  which  enlisted  men  under  instruction  may  have  an  aptitude,  or  which  they  can 
pursue  with  advantage  to  themselves  or  to  the  service.  In  the  absence  of  proper 
text-books  instruction  will  be  oral.  Desks  and  other  material  needed  in  schoolrooms 
will  be  supplied  by  the  quartermaster. 

356.  School  terms,  aggregating  not  less  than  four  months  in  each  year,  will  be 
designated  ])y  the  department  commander,  and  sessions  will  be  held  daily,  Saturdays 
and  Sundays  excepted.  At  the  beginning  of  each  term  company  connnanders  will 
furnish  to  the  post  commander  a  list  of  men  needing  or  desiring  instruction. 

357.  The  number  of  teachers  detailed  from  the  enlisted  men  will  not  exceed  one 
to  every  fifteen  pupils  or  fraction  of  that  number.  If  there  be  no  enlisted  men  pres- 
ent suitable  for  such  detail,  the  commanding  officer  will  apply  to  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army  for  the  number  required.  For  Saturdays  and  Sundays  and  during  vaca- 
tion but  one  teacher  at  each  post  will  be  allowed  extra-duty  pay,  and  he  will  be 
required  to  care  for  ,the  schoolbooks  and  property  and  to  teach  the  recruits  and 
children.  A  school-teacher  is  not  entitleil  to  extra-duty  pay  while  absent  on  fur- 
lough or  on  pass  exceeding  twenty-four  hours. 

35S.  The  adjutant-general  of  each  department  will,  under  the  direction  of  its 
commander,  have  a  general  supervision  of  the  post  schools  of  the  department.  He 
will  make,  annually,  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  a  full  report  of  their  con- 
dition and  progress,  setting  forth  specifically  any  case  of  failure  or  neglect  on  the 
part  of  a  post  commander  to  take  proper  interest  in  them  or  to  facilitate  their  opera- 
tion. This  report  will  accompany  the  annual  report  of  the  department  commander. 
Twice  each  year  reports  will  be  rendered  by  officers  in  charge  of  schools  on  the  pre- 
scribed forms,  through  post  commanders,  to  the  adjutant-general  of  the  department, 
who  will  forward  a  consolidation  thereof  with  his  annual  report. 


52  POST    SCHOOLS POST    EXCHANGES. 

359.  Officers  of  the  Inspector-General's  Department  will  examine  into  the  system 
of  instruction,  advise  post  commanders  of  defects,  and  suggest  methods  of  improve- 
ment. They  will  endeavor  to  bring  about  uniformity  in  methods  of  management  and 
instruction. 

360.  At  posts  where  the  number  of  children  present  will  admit  of  it  and  where 
there  are  no  convenient  educational  privileges,  schools  will  be  maintained  at  which 
the  attendance  of  children  of  officers  will  be  optional  with  parents  and  those  of 
enlisted  men  compulsory.  The  sessions  of  children's  schools  will  be  during  such 
hours  of  the  day  as  commanding  officers  may  direct. 

361.  The  children  of  civilians  living  near  a  post  may  be  permitted  to  attend  the 
post  school.  In  such  cases  the  parents  will,  if  able,  pay  a  small  compensation  for 
the  privilege  and  will  supply  the  necessary  books.  * 

362.  The  officer  in  charge  of  the  post  school  will  regulate  the  character  and  meth- 
ods of  instruction  and  enforce  necessary  discipline.  Enlisted  men  in  attendance  who 
misbehave  will  be  duly  reported  to  the  post  authorities.  Harsh  punishment  will  not 
be  inflicted  upon  children.  If  not  amenable  to  discipline,  their  conduct  will  be 
reported  to  the  commanding  officer,  who  will  take  the  necessary  action.  For  non- 
compliance with  the  rules  of  the  school,  children  of  officers  may  be  deprived  of  its 
privileges. 

ARTICLE   XXXIX. 

Post  Exchanges. 

363.  Post  exchanges  are  established  and  maintained  under  special  regulations 
prepared  by  the  War  Department.  These  special  regulations  will  be  published  and 
issued  from  time  to  time  as  necessity  may  demand. 

364.  On  June  30  and  December  31  of  each  year  the  commanding  officer  of  a  post 
at  which  an  exchange  is  conducted  will  submit  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army, 
through  military  channels,  a  detailed  report  of  the  operations  and  financial  condition 
of  the  exchange,  accompanied  by  such  remarks  touching  its  effect  upon  the  welfare 
of  the  command  as  he  may  deem  it  necessary  to  make  for  the  information  of  the 
Commanding  General  of  the  Army  and  the  Secretary  of  War;  and  when  no  exchange 
has  been  maintained  at  a  post  such  fact  will  also  be  communicated  to  the  Adjutant- 
General  of  the  Army,  through  military  channels,  on  the  dates  hereinbefore  specified. 

365.  The  sale  of,  or  dealing  in,  beer,  wine,  or  any  intoxicating  liquors  by  any 
person  in  any  post  exchange  or  canteen  or  army  transport  or  upon  any  premises  used 
for  military  purposes  by  the  United  States,  is  hereby  prohibited.  The  Secretary  of 
War  is  hereby  directed  to  carry  the  provisions  of  this  section  into  full  force  and  effect. 
(Act  of  February  2,  1901.)  Commanding  officers  will  carry  the  provisions  of  the 
foregoing  enactment  of  Congress  into  full  force  and  effect,  and  will  be  held  strictly 
responsible  that  no  exceptions  or  evasions  are  permitted  within  their  respective 
jurisdictions. 


THE    ARTILLERY    CORPS THE    CHIEF    OF    ARTILLERY.  53 

ARTICLE  XL. 

TuK  Aktilleky  Corps. 

THE   CHIEF   OF   ARTILLERY. 

366.  It  shall  he  the  duty  of  the  Chief  of  Artillery  to  keep  the  Commanding  Gen- 
eral of  the  Army,  and  through  him  the  Secretary  of  War,  advised  at  all  times  of  the 
efficiency  of  the  j)ersonnel  and  materiel  of  the  artillery,  and  make  such  recommenda- 
tions in  reference  thereto  as  shall  in  his  judgment  tend  to  promote  efficiency. 

2.  He  shall  annually  and  as  frequently  as  circumstances  shall  require  inspect  the 
coast  and  field  artillery,  and  he  shall  from  time  to  time  and  as  frequently  as  once  in 
each  year  report  to  the  Commanding  General,  and  through  him  to  the  Secretary  of 
War,  as  to  each  coast  defense  fortification,  whether  the  same  is  in  all  respects  ready 
for  use  in  case  of  attack  and  if  not  in  what  respects  the  preparations  are  defective. 

3.  He  shall  from  time  to  time  and  as  frequently  as  conditions  require  confer  directly 
with  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  and  advise  him  of  all  matters  relating  to  the  character 
and  preparation  of  artillery  materials  which  the  experience  and  observation  of  the 
artillery  arm  of  the  service  show  to  be  of  practical  importance. 

4.  He  shall  have  general  supervision  of  the  instruction  of  artillery  officers  and  men 
and  of  examinations  for  promotion  and  for  appointments  and  transfers  of  officers  to 
the  artillery  arm,  and  shall  recommend  such  examinations  and  such  courses  and 
methods  of  instruction  in  the  artillery  schools  and  otherwise  as  he  shall  deerri  requisite 
to  secure  a  thoroughly  trained  and  educated  force. 

5.  He  shall  recommend  officers  for  duty  in  coast  or  field  artillery  according  to  spe- 
cial aptitilde  and  fitness,  and  is  charged  generally  with  the  reconnnendation  of  offi- 
cers of  artillery  for  special  duty. 

6.  Before  any  money  is  expended  or  any  land  is  acquired  for  any  seacoast  fortifica- 
tion hereafter,  he  shall  advise  the  Secretary  of  War  through  the  Commanding  General 
whether  the  project  under  which  the  expenditure  is  to  be  made  includes  adequate 
provision  for  all  the  different  elements  of  a  complete  coast-defense  establishment, 
including  fortification,  armament,  and  accommodations  for  the  use  of  troops,  whether 
the  land  which  it  is  proposed  to  acquire  will  be  sufficient  for  all  the  purposes  men- 
tioned, and  how  far  the  appropriations  available  provide  for  the  entire  work.  For 
that  ])urpose  all  projects  and  plans  for  coast-defense  fortifications  shall  upon  coming 
into  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  War  be  referred  as  of  course,  in  the  first  instance,  to 
the  Chief  of  Artillery  for  his  report  thereon. 

7.  He  shall  be  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Ordnance  and  Fortification. 

8.  The  records  pertaining  to  the  performance  of  the  duties  of  the  Chief  of  Artillery 
will  be  kept  in  the  office  of  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  through  whom  all 
conmiunicatiops  relating  to  personnel,  discipline,  efficiency,  transfers,  and  assign- 
ments should  be  made  in  accordance  with  existing  regulations. 

9.  Nothing  in  the  foregoing  regulations  shall  be  deemed  to  relieve  the  commanders 
of  the  several  military  departments  of  the  duties  of  inspection  and  command,  or  of 
responsil)ility  for  the  condition  and  efficiency  of  the  materiel  and  personnel  of  the 
artillery  in  their  several  departments  as  now  provided  by  regulations. 

REPORTS,  RETURNS,  AND   MUSTER  ROLLS. 

367.  Officers  of  artillery  not  belonging  to  batteries  will  be  reported  on  the  returns 
of  the  commands  in  which  they  may  be  serving,  and,  in  addition,  will  until  other- 
wise ordered  make  monthly  personal  reports  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army 
stating  the  nature  of  their  duties,  etc.  The  noncommissioned  staff  officers  of  artil- 
lery will  also  1)0  reported  in  figures  and  by  name  on  the  monthly  returns  of  the 
commands  in  whii^h  they  are  serving. 


54  CARE    OF    FORTIFICATIONS. 

Commanding  officers  of  batteries  and  companies  of  artillery  will  render  monthly 
returns  direct  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army.  Monthly  returns  and  bimonthly 
muster  rolls  of  the  artillery  bands  and  muster  rolls  of  the  noncommissioned  staff 
officers  of  the  Artillery  Corps  will  be  made  to  the  Adjutant-General  by  the  com- 
manding officers  of  the  respective  posts  or  stations  at  which  they  may  be  serving. 

Commanding  officers  will  prepare  descriptive  lists  and  accounts  of  pay  and  cloth- 
ing of  the  noncommissioned  staff  officers,  and  will  cause  to  be  entered  in  jjost  descrip- 
tive and  clothing  books  the  personal  description  and  full  record  of,  and  an  account  of 
clothing  drawn  by  each  member  of  the  artillery  bands. 

36§.  The  officer  commanding  an  artillery  district  has  authority  to  appoint  and 
reduce  the  noncommissioned  staff  officers  and,  on  the  recommendation  of  their  respec- 
tive commanders,  the  noncommissioned  officers  of  bands,  batteries,  and  companies. 
Where  artillery  organizations  are  detached  or  not  serving  in  an  artillery  district,  the 
foregoing  authority  is  vested  in  the  commanding  artillery  officer. 

ARTICLE  XLI. 

CARH   OF   FORTIFICATIONS,  ARMAMENT,  AND    EQUIPMENT. 

369.  At  all  artillery  posts,  forts,  and  stations  the  care  and  preservation  of  the 
guns,  carriages,  magazines,  ammunition,  and  other  artillery  material,  parapets,  plat- 
forms, and  grounds  surrounding  them,  together  with  the  torpedo  systems  and  mine 
fields,  will  be  divided  among  the  companies  constituting  the  garrisons  thereof,  and 
company  commanders  will  be  held  to  a  rigid  accountability  for  the  proper  perform- 
ance of  these  duties.  In  order  that  all  artillery  organizations  may  be  thoroughly 
instructed  in  the  care  and  manipulation  of  all  the  kinds  and  calibers  of  guns,  car- 
riages, etc.,  changes  will  occasionally  be  made  in  the  assignment  of  these  duties  to 
the  different  artillery  organizations. 

370.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  artillery  to  care  for  the  expensive,  high-power  engines 
of  war  which  constitute  a  part  of  the  lake  and  sea-coast  defences  of  the  United  States. 
They  will  therefore  be  required  to  study  their  capabilities  and  their  use  under  all 
circumstances,  and  the  proper  manipulation  of  range  finders,  converter-boards,  etc., 
used  with  them,  and  also  become  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  torpedo  systems  and 
mine  fields  and  with  the  charts  of  the  harbors  in  which  they  are  serving. 

371.  The  instructions  regarding  the  care  and  preservation  of  artillery  material, 
contained  in  the  authorized  Manual  of  Heavy  Artillery,  will  be  observed  by  the 
commanding  officer  of  each  military  post  at  which  such  material  is  used  or  stored. 
The  methods  described  in  the  instruction  pamphlets  issued  to  company  commanders 
for  the  mounting,  using,  and  care  of  the  various  guns  and  carriages  will  be  strictly 
followed. 

372.  Where  electric  light  and  power  plants  have  been  installed,  they  will  be  put 
in  operation  once  a  month.  In  firing  boilers  the  temperature  in  the  fire  box  should 
be  raised  very  gradually  to  avoid  sudden  expansions  of  the  metal  shell.  All  machin- 
ery, such  as  engines,  pumps,  and  boilers,  will  be  kept  in  good  working  order  at  all 
times.  The  small  amount  of  fuel  required  for  the  purpose  of  operating  the  power 
and  light  plants  should  be  provided  from  the  fuel  allowances  of  the  troops.  Lubri- 
cating material  and  electrical  supplies  will  be  secured  on  quarterly  requisitions  from 
the  proper  supply  departments. 

373.  Platforms,  parapets,  and  the  grounds  surrounding  them,  the  limits  of  which 
will  be  prescribed  by  post  commanders,  will  be  kept  in  proper  police.  Drains  and 
sumps  should  be  inspected  weekly,  and  kept  in  order. 

374.  The  ammunition  service  (trolleys  and  lifts)  will  be  operated  at  intervals  of 
not  exceeding  seven  days,  and  the  different  working  parts  (pulleys,  journals,  etc.) 
kept  clean  and  lubricated. 


MOUNTING    GUNS.  55 

MOUNTING   GUNS  AND   MORTARS. 

375.  The  work  of  mounting  heavy  guns,  mortars,  or  carriages  in  fortifications 
will,  as  a  rule,  be  done  by  the  artillery  troops.  This  course  will  be  followed  habit- 
ually in  all  garrisoned  fortilications  which  are  neither  in  whole  nor  in  part  under 
the  control  of  the  Engineers. 

3T6.  When  guns,  etc.,  are  to  be  mounted  in  a  garrisoned  fortification  or  in  an 
ungarrisoned  work  upon  a  military  reservation  under  the  control  of  an  artillery  com- 
mander, these  works  being  still  in  whole  or  in  part  under  the  control  of  the  Engi- 
neers, the  Engineer  officer  in  charge  of  construction  will,  after  consulting  with  the 
artillery  commander,  decide  whether  the  mounting  shall  be  done  under  his  own 
direction  and  by  the  use  of  the  machinery  and  labor  of  the  Engineer  Department,  or 
under  the  direction  of  the  artillery  commander  and  by  the  labor  of  the  troops.  The 
former  course  will  be  followed  whenever  it  is  so  desired  by  the  Engineer  Depart- 
ment, as  being  necessary  to  prevent  interference  with  other  work  of  construction  upon 
the  fortification,  and  the  artillery  commander  will  afford  the  Engineer  officer  in 
charge,  and  upon  the  latter's  request,  all  possible  assistance  by  the  loan  of  machinery 
and  by  details  from  his  command.  In  like  manner,  when  the  work  is  done  under 
the  direction  of  the  artillery  commander,  the  Engineer  officer  in  charge  will,  with 
the  approval  of  the  Chief  of  Engineers,  afford  him  whatever  assistance  may  be 
practicable. 

377.  In  fortifications  which  have  l^een  completed,  but  which  are  as  yet  ungarri- 
soned, the  Engineer  ofiicermay  himself  conduct  the  work  of  mounting  the  guns,  etc., 
using  his  own  machiner}^  and  labor  and,  if  necessary,  the  aid  of  materials  and  details 
from  convenient  artillery  commands,  which  will  be  given  on  application  to  the 
department  commander;  or,  if  the  Engineer  officer  so  request,  the  department  com- 
mander will  direct  that  the  work  may  be  done  entirely  by  the  artillery  troops. 

378.  If  it  be  decided  that  the  guns,  etc.,  shall  be  mounted  under  the  direction  of 
the  artillery  commander,  the  latter  will  designate  the  most  competent  officer  of  his 
command  to  conduct  the  work,  and  this  officer  will  confer  from  time  to  time  with 
the  P^ngineer  officer  with  a  view  to  so  conduct  it  as  not  to  interfere  with  the  Engineer 
work  on  the  fortifications.  If,  in  his  judgment,  it  be  necessary  the  commanding 
officer  will  apply  to  the  department  commander  for  the  detail  of  an  artillery  officer 
from  another  command  to  conduct  the  work,  and  if  such  officer  be  not  available  he 
will  request  the  services  of  an  ordnance  officer  for  that  purpose. 

379.  When  gun  carriages  and  guns  are  to  be  assembled  or  mounted  in  sea-coast 
fortifications  they  shall  be  subject  to  the  inspection  of  an  officer  of  the  Ordnance 
Department,  both  during  process  of  erection  and  after  its  completion,  in  order  to 
insure  that  all  parts  are  correctly  assembled  and  in  proper  working  order.  Such  ofii- 
cer  of  the  Ordnance  Department  shall,  under  instructions  from  the  Chief  of  Ord- 
nance, take  all  measures  necessary,  including,  if  deemed  desirable,  the  firing  of  the 
piece,  to  give  assurance  of  the  perfect  serviceability  of  the  armament  before  it  shall 
be  turned  over  for  use. 

380.  When  engineer  or  artillery  officers  are  about  to  commence  the  work  of  erec- 
tion hereinbefore  referred  to,  they  will  notify  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  who  will,  if  in 
his  opinion  it  is  necessary,  designate  an  officer  to  place  himself  in  communication 
with  the  engineer  or  artillery  officer  with  a  view  to  being  present  at  the  proper  time 
and  with  proper  assistance  and  appliances  for  the  performance  of  the  duty  hereby 
devolved  upon  him. 

381.  Installed  armament  shall  be  subject  at  any  time  to  the  inspection  of  ord- 
nance officers,  to  be  designated  by  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  to  see  that  it  is  in  efficient 
condition  for  use,  and  to  place  it  in  such  condition  if  it  shall  not  be  so.  Department 
commanders  will  instruct  commanding  officers  to  furnish  such  assistance  a^  may  be 
necessary  to  carry  out  the  inspections  prescribed  in  the  foregoing  paragraphs  and  to 
perform  necessary  work  on  the  armament. 


56  MOUNTING    GUNS RANGE    FINDRES. 

3§2.  The  Engineer  Department  will  supply  and  install  all  necessary  electrical 
appliances  and  ai)paratus  for  furnishing  light  and  power,  including  switch  l)oards 
and  instruments  attached  thereto  and  search-light  equi])ments,  with  the  exception 
of  the  motors  permanently  attached  to  the  gun  carriages;  it  will  construct  the  neces- 
sary underground  conduits  or  overhead  lines  for  all  wiring  for  light  and  power  at  the 
posts,  exterior  to  buildings,  and  will  furnish  the  necessary  material  and  funds  for 
the  repair,  operation,  and  preservation  of  all  such  instruments  and  apparatus  when 
not  used  for  post  illumination. 

3S3.  The  Ordnance  Department  will  supply  any  motors  to  be  attached  to  gun 
carriages,  the  necessary  power  lathes,  machinists'  tools,  and  tools  and  implements 
for  the  use  of  battery  mechanics,  and  will  make  such  repairs  to  guns  and  carriages 
as  can  not  be  made  at  the  post. 

3§4.  Whenever  the  armament  of  the  seacoast  fortifications,  or  parts  thereof,  are 
in  need  of  the  services  of  skilled  mechanics  of  the  Ordnance  Department,  the 
ordnance  officers  of  the  forts  are  authorized,  w^ith  the  approval  of  their  post  com- 
manders, to  communicate  directly  with  the  commanding  officers  of  arsenals,  who 
have  been  instructed  to  comply  with  requests  to  furnish  the  necessary  mechanics  and 
materials.     For  this  purpose  applications  should  be  made  as  follows,  viz: 

For  the  .fortifications  of  the  New  England  coast  down  to  and  including  New^  Lon- 
don, Conn.,  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  Watertown  Arsenal,  Watertown,  Mass. 

For  the  fortifications  of  New^  York  Harbor,  Delaware  River,  Baltimore,  Washing- 
ton, and  Hampton  Roads,  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  Sandy  Hook  Proving 
Ground,  Sandy  Hook,  N.  J. 

For  the  fortifications  of  the  South  Atlantic  and  Gulf  coasts  from  Wilmington,  N.  C, 
to  Galveston,  Tex.,  both  inclusive,  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  Augusta 
Arsenal,  Augusta,  Ga. 

For  the  fortifications  of  the  Pacific  coast  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  Benicia 
Arsenal,  Benicia,  Cal. 

385.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  furnish  all  fuel  and  engine  supplies,  such 
as  waste,  lubricating  oils,  oil  lamps,  brooms,  brushes,  etc.,  necessary  for  the  repair, 
operation,  and  preservation  of  all  plants  used  for  post  illumination  as  well  as  for  the 
defenses,  and  such  materials  as  may  be  needed  for  the  use  of  the  battery  mechanics. 

3§6.  The  Signal  Department  will  supply  all  the  necessary  lines  and  means  of 
electrical  communication,  including  telephones,  dials,  and  other  telegraphs,  wiring, 
all  necessary  electrical  instruments  not  permanently  attached  to  the  switch  board, 
and  such  special  instruments  as  may  be  directed  to  be  supplied  by  the  Secretary  of 
War. 

387.  Mechanical  maneuvers  will  not  be  practiced  with  the  new  ordnance  material, 
but  will  be  confined  to  the  old  pattern  of  guns  and  carriages. 

RANGE   AND    POSITION    FINDERS. 

388.  Where  no  range  and  position  finder  has  been  installed,  requisition  will  be 
made  on  the  Ordnance  Department  for  an  auxiliary  range  and  position  finder,  in 
which  the  height  in  feet  of  the  instrument  station  above  mean  low  tide  shall  be 
stated.  Where  necessary  to  supplement,  or  be  used  in  place  of  the  range  finders, 
base-end  instruments  will  be  asked  for.  Requisitions  will  include  plotting-board 
material.     In  the  meantime  arrangements  will  be  improvised  for  position  finding. 

389.  Where  electrical  installations  have  not  already  been  made,  requisitions  on 
the  Signal  Department  will  at  once  be  forwarded  for  necessary  telephones,  telephone 
and  telegraph  materials  for  connecting  the  batteries,  base  ends,  and  plotting  stations. 

390.  The  Signal  Department  will  furnish  all  military  posts  and  seacoast-defence 
stations  with  such  instruments  and  materials  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  electrical 
installation  of  range  finders  and  the  fire  control  system,  for  the  purpose  of  inter- 


RANGE    FINDERS MAGAZINES.  57 

cominiinication.  This  iiicludes  telephonic  and  telegrai)hie  instnnnentH,  electrical 
(;locks,  megaphones,  field  glasses,  telescopes,  and  necessary  nieteon^logical  instru- 
ments, i.e.,  barometers,  thermometers,  anemometers,  etc.  Also,  all  such  cable  and 
land  lines  as  may  be  required  to  connect  contiguous  military  posts,  or  for  connecting 
the  posts  with  the  commercial  telegraph  system.  The  duty  of  furnishing  such 
instruments  and  materials  is  by  law  imposed  upon  the  Signal  Corps,  a^id  proper 
requisition  therefor  will  be  promptly  filled. 

391.  The  following  material  will  be  furnished  by  the  Engineer  Department: 
Towers  for  position  finders,  where  necessary,  and  station  houses  for  position  find- 
ers, search  lights,  etc.,  protected  in  the  best  manner  practicable.     The  interior 
dimensions  of  the  i)osit?ion-finder  stations  will  be  approved  by  the  Chief  of  Artillery. 

A  suitable  electric  light  and  power  plant  for  each  fort  or  detached  battery,  with  all 
necessary  accessories  of  sufficient  capacity  for  post  illumination,  when  so  requested 
by  the  Quartermaster  General. 

Telephone  booths  for  each  gun  platform. 

Suitable  arrangements  near  the  battery  for  the  installation  of  emergency  range- 
finders  and  instruments  for  observation  of  fire.  For  this  purpose  two  alternative 
positions,  one  at  each  flank  of  the  battery  and  weil  back  from  the  effects  of  the  blast 
of  the  gun,  are  necessary. 

392.  The  Ordnance  Department  will  furnish:  Angle-measuring  instruments, 
replotting  boards,  difference  disks,  range  scales,  drawing  instruments,  material,  etc., 
$500  per  battery.  Sights  for  giving  direction  only,  for  each  gun  (to  be  placed  on 
sighting  standard  and  to  be  provided  with  a  device  for  giving  deviations  in  minutew, 
right  or  left). 

393.  At  all  artillery  posts  not  already  provided  with  suitable  charts,  post  com- 
manders will  have  compiled  the  best  charts  possible  for  the  use  of  their  respective 
fire  commands  by  detail  of  officers  and  men  under  their  command  from  such  data  as 
may  be  on  hand  or  readily  obtainable.  Suitable  base  lines  will  be  laid  off,  carefully 
measured,  and  accurately  marked  on  the  harbor  chart.  Such  charts  have  been  pre- 
pared for  the  principal  harbors  by  the  Engineer  Department,  and  copies  will  be 
furnished  the  Chief  of  Artillery  upon  his  requisition. 

394.  Vessel  tracking  with  the  guns  in  connection  with  the  range  finder  and  con- 
verter board  will  be  frequently  practiced 

MAGAZINES. 

395.  From  the  methods  of  construction  necessarily  employed  and  from  their 
location,  magazines  of  seacoast  batteries  -are  especially  liable  to  dampness  resulting 
from  condensation  of  moisture  upon  the  masonry  surfaces  when  warm  air  from  the 
outside  is  permitted  to  enter  freely.  In  aggravated  cases  the  condensation  covers 
the  walls  and  fittings  with  beads  of  moisture  which  collect  into  streams  and  trickle 
down  the  walls,  forming  pools  of  water  on  the  floors.  The  injurious  effects  of  damp- 
ness in  magazines  are  manifested  in  the  rapid  deterioration  of  annnunition  and  the 
destruction  of  interior  flttings  of  electric-light  plants  and  anmnmition  conveyors.  As 
condensation  results  from  the  warmer  outer  air  coming  in  contac^t  with  the  cooler 
masonry  surfaces  and  depositing  its  moisture,  an  obvious  remedy  lies  in  the  proper 
regulation  of  the  ventilation. 

Local  climatic  conditions  exert  a  controlling  influence  on  these  phenomena  and  it 
is  impracticable  to  lay  down  general  regulations. 

At  each  locality  systematic  experiment  should  be  made  to  determine  the  proper 
course  to  follow  to  reduce  dampness  to  a  minimum.  It  is  made  the  duty  of  all 
officers  and  especially  of  artillery  commanders  having  charge  of  tlie  batteries  to  give 
their  continuous  personal  attention  to  the  care  of  magazines  and  the  ])reservatiou  of 
their  contents. 


58  INSPECTIONS VISITS    TO    DEFENSES. 

396.  Smoking  or  fire  will  not  be  allowed  in  the  vicinity  of  a  magazine.  Should 
a  fire  accidentally  occur  near  by,  the  ventilator  and  windows  will  be  immediately 
closed  and  the  building  covered  with  paulins  or  blankets  saturated  with  water.  No 
attempt  should  be  made  to  remove  the  contents. 

397.  Such  articles  as  loaded  shells,  fuses,  friction  primers,  water  caps,  rockets, 
and  fireworks  will  never  be  put  in  a  magazine  containing  powder. 

398.  Loaded  sheils  will  not  bo  fused  until  there  is  occasion  for  firing  them. 

399.  Penthouses  and  other  shelters  of  similar  character  for  seacoast  artillery  will 
not  be  provided,  and  the  deterioration  of  artillery  material  must  be  prevented  by  the 
unremitting  care  and  watchfulness  of  the  officers  and  troops  to  whom  the  use  and 
care  of  the  modern  armaments  are  confided. 

INSPECTIONS. 

400.  In  order  to  properly  carry  out  the  spirit  of  the  foregoing  regulations,  the 
weekly  inspections  of  the  various  companies  will  be  held — weather  permitting — at 
the  guns,  for  the  care  of  which  they  are  severally  responsible.  The  regular  monthly 
inspection  of  the  post  will  include  that  of  the  guns,  and  thus  the  post  commanders 
will  be  enabled  to  determine  how  well  the  company  commanders  have  performed 
their  duties,  and  what  progress  has  been  made  in  familiarizing  the  troops  with  the 
duties  which  are  required  of  them.  The  last  day  of  each  quarter  a  report  in  writing 
of  the  inspection  will  be  made  by  the  post  or  battalion  commanders  through  depart- 
ment headquarters  for  the  information  of  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army. 

401.  In  the  annual  reports  of  department  commanders  of  their  personal  inspec- 
tions as  required  by  paragraph  211  of  these  regulations,  the  condition  and  working 
order  of  these  batteries  of  position  will  be  reported,  but  any  case  of  neglect  will  be 
made  the  subject  of  a  special  report. 

ARTICLE  XLII. 

VISITS   TO    LAKE   AND    SEACOAST   DEFENSES. 

402.  Except  by  special  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  no  persons,  other  than 
officers  of  the  Army  and  Navy  of  the  United  States  and  persons  in  the  service  of  the 
United-  States  employed  in  direct  connection  with  the  use,  construction,  or  care  of 
these  works,  will  be  allowed  to  visit  any  portion  of  the  lake  and  coast  defenses  of  the 
United  States  without  the  written  authority  of  the  commanding  officer  in  charge,  to 
be  given  only  for  proper  military  reasons. 

403.  Special  authority  to  visit  defensive  works  granted  by  the  Secretary  of  War 
will  be  limited  to  members  of  the  United  States  Senate  and  House  of  Representa- 
tives, their  public  duties  requiring  them  to  take  official  action  on  matters  connected 
therewith,  and  to  the  governor  (or  his  adjutant-general)  of  the  State  in  which  the 
works  are  located,  as  commander  in  chief  of  the  local  militia  instructed  there. 

404.  Commanding  officers,  ordnance  sergeants,  and  others  in  charge  of  fortifica- 
tions or  any  means  of  lake  or  coast  defenses  will  exercise  great  care  in  acting  upon 
applications  to  visit  the  works,  and  will  grant  such  only  as  may  be  warranted  for 
good  and  sufficient  military  reasons. 

405.  The  taking  of  photographic  or  other  views  of  permanent  works  of  defense 
will  not  be  permitted.  Neither  written  nor  pictorial  descriptions  of  these  works 
will  be  made  for  publication  without  the  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  nor  will 
any  information  be  given  concerning  them  which  is  not  contained  in  the  printed 
reports  and  documents  of  the  War  Department. 

406.  Commanding  generals  of  departments  will  see  that  these  regulations  are  car- 
ried into  effect,  and  that  the  permission  to  visit  the  defenses  referred  to  is  only 
given  for  proper  military  reasons.  They  will  also  see  that  any  dereliction  of  the 
duty  herein  enjoined  is  immediately  observed  and  promptly  met  by  appropriate 
discipline. 


ARTILLERY    PRACTICE.  59 

ARTICLE  XLIII. 

AkTILLKKY    PrtACTICE. 

40T.  At  all  posts  with  fixed  batteries  the  position  of  every  ^un,  mounted  or  to  be 
mounted,  will  have  its  number,  whi(;h  will  be  placed  on  the  gun  when  in  position. 
The  guns  will  be  numbered  in  a  regular  series,  commencing  with  the  first  gun  on 
the  left  of  the  main  entrance  looking  out.  Where  there  are  platforms  temporarily 
unoccupied  by  guns  they  will  be  included  in  the  regular  series  of  numbering.  The 
pieces  of  other  batteries  will  be  numbered  from  right  to  left. 

408.  At  all  posts  with  fixed  batteries  a  book  will  be  kept,  known  as  the  Post 
Book  of  Artillery  Record,  in  which,  under  the  direction  of  the  post  commander,  will 
be  entered  the  number  of  each  mounted  gun,  its  caliber,  weight,  names  of  founder 
and  inspector,  and  other  marks,  the  description  of  its  carriage,  whence  received, 
date  of  receipt  at  post,  and  the  greatest  field  of  fire  of  the  gun  in  position.  This  book 
will  be  furnished  by  the  Ordnance  Department;  instructions  for  keeping  it  will  be 
found  in  the  front  pages, 

409.  The  commanding  general  of  each  department  within  which  there  are  posts 
occupied  by  coast  artillery  will,  with  the  approval  of  the  Commanding  General  of 
the  Army,  select  a  competent  field  officer  of  artillery,  not  a  colonel,  to  be  attached 
to  the  department  staff,  who  will  be  designated  the  artillery  inspector.  He  will 
perform  such  duties  in  connection  with  his  arm  as  may  be  assigned  to  him  by  the 
department  commander,  make  such  inspections  of  the  artillery  troops  and  material 
in  the  department  as  may  be  ordered  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  report  thereon 
to  the  department  commander. 

410.  The  commanding  officer  of  each  post  where  there  are  fixed  batteries  bearing 
upon  a  channel  will  call  upon  the  Engineer  Department  for  accurate  charts 
showing  the  soundings  within  range  of  the  guns.  These  charts  will  be  elaborated  as 
prescribed  by  instructions  and  general  orders  governing  artillery  practice. 

411.  The  details  of  the  methods  of  conducting  the  technical  instruction  of 
artillery  troops,  target  practice  with  coast  and  field  artillery,  and  the  artillery  com- 
petitions will  be  prescribed  in  orders  and  instructions  issuing  from  the  Headquarters 
of  the  Army.  Any  deviation  from  the  prescribed  methods  must  be  sanctioned  by 
the  department  commander. 

412.  All  officers  of  artillery  will  be  encouraged  to  submit,  through  proper  chan- 
nels, suggestions  and  devices  for  improving  prescribed  methods.  Changes  affecting 
the  authorized  Manual  of  Coast  Artillery  will  be  published  in  Artillery  Memoranda 
from  the  Adjutant-General's  Office. 

413.  The  allowance  of  ammunition  for  the  instruction  of  the  coast  and  field 
artillery  and  for  practice  with  machine  guns  will  be  determined  each  year  and 
announced  in  general  orders  from  the  Headquarters  of  the  Army. 

414.  Targets  and  target  material  for  artillery  practice  will  be  provided  by  the 
Ordnance  Department.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  furnish  all  necessary 
assistance  in  placing,  removing,  and  storing  targets. 

415.  In  addition  to  such  reports  as  may  be  required  by  instructions  and  orders 
governing  artillery  practice,  the  commanding  officer  of  a  post,  battery,  or  company 
will  forward  for  the  information  of  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  on  forms  supplied  by  the 
Ordnance  Department,  a  report  of  each  shot  fired  m  practice,  instruction,  and  active 
service. 


60  SMALL-ARMS    PRACTICE. 

ARTICLE  XLIV. 

Small-Akms  Pkactice. 

416.  Small-arms  practice  will  be  conducted  in  accordance  with  the  authorized 
firing  regulations  and  orders  from  the  War  Department.  The  period  selected  for 
practice  on  the  range  will  be  announced  annually  by  department  commanders,  who 
will  also  jHiblish  the  results  of  the  firing  and  the  names  of  qualified  sharpshooters. 
All  orders  containing  instructions  to  govern  either  preliminary  methods  or  practice 
with  the  rifle,  carbine,  or  revolver,  will  be  issued  from  the  Headquarters  of  the 
Army. 

417.  Reports  as  to  the  amount  of  instruction  imparted  and  the  degree  of  efficiency 
attained  will  be  rendered  only  as  required  by  the  firing  regulations  for  small  arms, 
or  by  orders  issued  from  the  Headquarters  of  the  Army.  The  necessary  books  and 
blanks  will  be  supplied  by  the  Ordnance  Department. 

418.  The  allowances  of  cartridges  for  target  practice,  together  with  the  values  of 
small-arms  ammunition  and  of  the  component  parts  thereof,  will  be  published 
annually  in  general  orders. 

419.  The  aggregate  allowance  of  ammunition  for  any  company  will  be  expended 
at  such  times  during  the  year  as  the  department  commander  may  direct,  Or,  in  the 
absence  of  specific  directions,  as  the  post  and  company  commanders  may  determine. 
When  not  used  in  target  practice,  ammunition  may,  in  the  discretion  of  the  post 
and  company  commanders,  be  expended  in  hunting. 

420.  Company  commanders  will  keep  a  permanent  record  for  each  calendar  year 
of  the  ammunition  expended  in  target  firing  at  each  practice.  Any  expenditure  in 
excess  of  authorized  allowances  will  be  charged  to  the  officer  accountable.  Anmiu- 
nition  not  expended  at  the  end  of  the  calendar  year  will  be  no  longer  availal)le. 

421.  The  Ordnance  Department  will  provide  the  requisite  targets,  streamers,  and 
flags.  The  quartermaster  will  set  up  the  targets,  prepare  the  range,  and  construct 
shelters  for  the  markers.  Flour  for  making  paste  for  use  in  target  practice  will  be 
issued  by  the  commissary. 

422.  Where  hunting  for  large  game  is  practicable  the  men  will  be  encouraged  to 
hunt,  and  for  this  purpose  company  commanders  may  permit  their  men  to  purchase 
cartridges,  if  the  supply  warrants  it,  such  sales  to  be  accounted  for  on  the  returns  of 
ordnance. 


ROSTERS.  61 

ARTICLE  XLV. 

RosTEK,  Detachments,  and  Daily  Service. 
THE  roster. 

423.  A  royter  is  a  list  of  officers  or  men  for  duty,  with  a  record  of  tlie  duty  per- 
formed by  each.  Generally,  details  for  duty  are  so  made  that  the  one  longest  off  is 
the  lirst  for  detail.     Details  so  made  are  said  to  be  made  by  roster. 

424.  All  details  for  service  in  garrison  and  in  the  field,  except  the  authorized 
special  and  extra-duty  details,  will  be  by  roster;  but  officers  or  enlisted  men,  when 
detailed,  must  serve,  whether  a  roster  be  kept  or  not.  Having  performed  the  serv- 
ice, they  may  appeal  to  superior  authority  if  they  deem  themselves  aggrieved. 

425.  The  duties  performed  by  roster  are  of  two  classes.  The  first  comprises,  (1) 
outposts;  (2)  interior  guards,  including  stable  guards;  (3)  detachments  to  protect 
laborers  on  military  works;  (4)  armed  working  parties  on  such  works.  The  second 
comprises  all  other  duties  and  fatigue,  in  or  out  of  the  garrison  or  camp. 

426.  The  rosters  are  distinct  for  each  class.  Officers  are  named  on  them  in  the 
order  of  rank.  Details  are  made  in  succession  according  to  roster,  beginning  at  the 
head. 

427.  Lieutenant-colonels  and  majors  are  on  one  roster,  and  may  be  detailed  when 
the  importance  of  the  duty  requires  it.  Tn  the  field  their  roster  is  kept  at  division 
and  brigade  headquarters.  Captains  form  one  roster  and  are  exempt  from  ordinary 
fatigue  duties.  A  captain  commanding  a  battalion  is  exempt  from  detail,  and  duty 
falling  to  him  })asses.  Lieutenants  form  one  roster,  and  first  and  second  lieutenants 
are  entered  alternately.  Sergeants,  corporals,  musicians,  and  privates  form  distinct 
rosters. 

428.  Officers,  noncommissioned  officers,  and  privates  take  duties  of  the  first  class 
in  the  order  stated  in  paragraph  425,  viz,  the  first  for  detail  takes  the  outposts,  the 
next  the  interior  guards,  and  so  on.  In  those  of  the  second  class  the  senior  officer 
takes  the  largest  party.     The  party  first  for  detail  takes  the  service  out  of  camp. 

429.  In  making  details  by  roster,  an  officer  or  enlisted  man  is  each  day  charged 
with  the  number  of  days  that  he  has  remained  present  and  available  since  the 
beginning  of  his  last  tour.  Departures  from  this  rule  may  be  authorized  by  the 
commanding  officer  whenever  a  strict  application  would  allow  improper  advantage 
or  work  hardship. 

430.  When  an  officer  has  been  detailed  and  is  not  present  or  available  at  the 
hour  of  marching,  the  next  after  him  takes  the  duty.     When  an  outpost  has  passed 
the  chain  of  sentinels,  or  an  interior  guard  has  reached  its  post,  the  officer  whose 
tour  it  was  can  not  take  it  unless  so  ordered  by  the  commanding  officer,  but  sue-  • 
ceeds  to  the  tour  of  the  officer  who  has  taken  his. 

431.  Duties  of  the  first  class  are  credited  on  the  roster  when  the  guards  or  detach- 
ments have  passed  the  chain  of  sentinels  or  an  interior  guard  has  reached  its  post; 
other  duties,  when  the  parties  have  entered  upon  their  performance. 

432.  An  officer  or  enlisted  man  on  duty  of  the  first  class,  or  who  is  next  for  detail 
for  such  duty,  is  available,  when  relieved,  for  duty  of  the  second  class  that  has  fallen 
to  him  during  that  time.  Except  in  emergencies  no  duty  will  be  required  of  the 
old  officer  of  the  day  or  the  old  guard  until  four  hours  after  they  have  been  relieved. 

433.  Soldiers  march  armed,  and  if  necessary,  fully  equipped,  on  all  duties  of  the 
first  class. 

434.  In  the  cavalry,  dismounted  men  and  those  whose  horses  are  not  fit  for  serv- 
ice are  preferred  for  all  dismounted  details.  Mounted  men  are  never  employed  on 
such  service  if  the  number  of  dismounted  men  is  sufficient. 


62  DETACHMENTS DAILY    SERVICE. 

435.  In  the  field,,  every  enlisted  man  of  the  cavalry  detailed  for  dismounted  serv- 
ice will,  before  he  marches,  take  to  the  first  sergeant  of  his  troop  his  horse  equip- 
ments and  saddle,  ready  packed.  In  case  of  alarm  the  first  sergeant  sees  that  the 
horses  of  these  men  are  equipped  and  led  to  the  rendezvous. 

436.  Field  and  siege  batteries  serving  with  other  troops  will  perform  their  own 
guard,  police,  and  fatigue  duty,  and  officers  and  men  will  be  exempt  from  detail  for 
other  duty  of  like  character,  except  when  in  the  judgment  of  the  post  commander 
the  necessities  of  the  service  will  not  permit  such  exemption,  in  which  c^se  he  will 
immediately  report  his  action  and  the  circumstances  to  the  department  commander. 

437.  Detachments  of  the  Signal  Corps  shall  be  exempt  from  detail  for  any  other 
duty,  except  when,  in  the  judgment  of  the  commanding  officer,  the  importance  of  the 
duty  will  not  permit  exemption,  in  which  case  he  will  immediately  report  the  cir- 
cumstances and  his  action  to  his  superior  commander. 

DETACHMENTS. 

43S.  As  far  as  the  exigencies  of  the  service  will  permit,  detachments  for  armed 
service  will  be  formed  by  taking  battalions,  companies,  platoons,  or  other  subdivi- 
sions in  turn,  according  to  the  roster. 

439.  Officers  or  enlisted  men  detailed  for  detached  service  while  on  other  duty 
will  be  relieved  from  that  duty  if  they  can  reach  camp  in  time  to  march  with  the 
detachment. 

440.  When  a  detachment  is  to  be  formed  from  the  different  organizations  of  a 
command,  the  adjutant  or  adjutant-general  forms  its  contingent,  verifies  the  details 
and  sends  it  to  the  place  of  assembly,  or  turns  it  over  to  the  detachment  commander. 

44 1 .  When  detachments  meet,  the  command  is  regulated  while  they  serve  together 
as  if  they  formed  one  command,  but  the  senior  officer  can  not  prevent  the  commander 
of  any  detachment  from  moving  when  he  thinks  proper  to  execute  the  orders  he  has 
received. 

442.  On  the  return  of  a  detachment  its  commander  reports  to  the  headquarters 
from  which  he  received  his  orders. 

DAILY   SERVICE. 

443.  There  should  be  daily  at  least  two  roll  calls,  viz,  at  reveille  and  retreat. 
Commanding  officers  may  also  order  roll  calls  in  special  cases  at  such  times  as  they 
deem  necessary.  The  roll  will  be  called  on  the  company  parade  by  the  first  sergeant, 
superintended  by  a  commissioned  officer.  If  companies  are  quartered  together  or  in 
contiguous  barracks,  one  officer  may  superintend  the  roll  call  of  two  or  more  of  them 
provided  he  can  do  so  efficiently,  commanding  officers  regulating  the  practice  in  this 
regard.  Ordinarily  there  will  not  be  any  formation  for  roll  call  at  tattoo,  Imt  the 
prescribed  signal  will  besoiinded,  and  fifteen  minutes  thereafter  lights  in  squad  rooms 
will  be  extinguished  and  all  noises  and  loud  talking  will  cease.  Call  to  quarters  will 
be  sounded  af  10.45  p.  m.,  and  taps  at  11.  At  taps  all  lights  not  authorized  by  the 
commanding  officer  will  be  extinguished  and  the  first  sergeant  or  other  noncommis- 
sioned officer,  as  the  company  commander  may  direct,  will  inspect  each  company 
and  report  to  the  officer  of  the  day  the  names  of  all  unauthorized  absentees.  Reveille 
roll  call  in  garrison  will  not  ordinarily  take  place  earlier  than  5.30  a.  m.  in  summer, 
or  6,30  a.  m.  in  winter.  At  retreat  roll  call  the  troops  are  brought  to  parade  rest  and 
so  remain  during  the  sounding  of  retreat. 

444.  Mess  call  will  be  sounded  daily  as  follows:  For  breakfast,  fifteen  minutes 
after  reveille  roll  call;  for  dinner,  not  earlier  than  12  m.  nor  later  than  12.15  p.  m, ; 
for  supper,  not  earlier  than  5  nor  later  than  6.30  p.  m.  Meals  for  enlisted  men  will 
be  served  promptly  at  the  hours  appointed,  and  the  duties  of  the  post,  as  far  as  com- 


ROLL    CALLS HONORS.  63 

patiblewith  the  requirements  of  the  service,  will  be  so  arranged  that  all  the  enlisted 
men  may  be  present.  The  men  will  be  allowed  at  least  twenty  minutes  for  breakfast 
and  supper  and  thirty  minutes  for  dinner. 

445.  Except  at  the  ceremony  of  parade,  the  result  of  a  roll  call  will  be  reported 
after  the  companies  have  been  dismissed,  to  the  officer  superintending  the  call,  who 
will  report  the  result  to  the  commanding  officer. 

446.  In  camp  and  garrison  the  commanding  officer  fixes  the  hours  for  reports, 
issues,  and  roll  calls,  and  for  the  performance  of  stated  duties  and  fatigues.  In  gar- 
rison, retreat  will  be  at  sunset.  The  signals  will  be  sounded  by  the  field  musicians 
in  accordance  with  authorized  drill  regulations. 

447.  After  breakfast,  and  after  stable  duty  in  the  cavalry,  the  tents  or  quarters 
and  adjacent  ground  will  be  policed  by  the  men  of  the  companies  and  the  guard- 
house or  guard  tent  by  the  prisoners,  or  by  members  of  the  guard  if  there  be  no 
prisoners. 

44 §.  The  morning  reports  of  the  comimnies,  signed  by  the  company  connnanders 
and  first  sergeants,  will  be  handed  to  the  adjutant  before  8  o'clock  in  the  morning 
and  will  be  consolidated  by  him  within  the  next  hour.  The  consolidated  report  will 
be  signed  by  the  commanding  officer  and  the  adjutant. 

ARTICLE  XL VI. 

Honors,  Courtesies,  and  Ceremonies. 

HONORS. 

449.  The  officers  named  ]:)elow  "will  be  received  with  standards  and  colors  dropping, 
ofiicers  and  troops  saluting,  and  the  bands  and  field  music  playing,  as  follows:  The 
President,  the  President's  March;  the  General,  the  General's  March;  the  Lieutenant- 
General  or  the  Major-General  Commanding  the  Army,  trumpets  sounding  three 
flourishes  or  drums  beating  three  ruffles;  a  major-general,  two  flourishes  or  two  ruffles; 
a  brigadier-general,  one  flourish  or  one  ruffle. 

450.  To  the  Vice-President,  the  members  of  the  Cabinet,  the  Chief  Justice,  the 
President  of  the  Senate,  the  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives,  American  or 
foreign  ambassadors,  and  governors  within  their  respective  States  and  Territories  the 
same  honors  are  paid  as  to  the  General;  to  the  Assistant  Secretary  of  War  and  to 
American  or  foreign  envoys  or  ministers,  the  same  honors  as  to  the  Lieutenant-Gen- 
eral;  to  officers  of  the  Navy  the  honors  due  to  their  assimilated  or  relative  rank;  to 
officers  of  marines  and  volunteers,  and  militia  when  in  the  service  of  the  United 
States,  the  honors  due  to  like  grades  in  the  regular  service;  to  officers  of  a  foreign 
service  the  honors  due  to  their  rank. 

451.  The  national  or  regimental  color  or  standard,  uncased,  passing  a  guard  or 
other  armed  body  will  be  salute^,  the  field  music  sounding  "to  the  color"  or  "to 
the  standard."  Officers  or  enlisted  men  passing  the  uncased  color  will  render  the 
prescribed  salute;  with  no  arms  in  hand,  the  salute  will  be  made  by  uncovering. 

452.  No  honors  are  paid  by  troops  when  on  the  march  or  in  trenches  and  no  salute 
is  rendered  w^hen  marching  in  double  time  or  at  the  trot  or  gallop. 

453.  The  commanding  officer  is  saluted  by  all  commissioned  officers  in  command 
of  troops  or  detachments.  Troops  under  arms  will  salute  as  prescribed  in  drill 
regulations. 

454.  All  officers  salute  on  meeting  and  in  making  or  receiving  official  reports. 
Military  courtesy  requires  the  junior  to  salute  first,  but  when  the  salute  is  introduc- 
tory to  a  report  made  at  a  military  ceremony  or  formation  to  the  representative  of  a 
common  superior— as  for  example,  to  the  adjutant,  officer  of  the  day,  etc.— the  offi- 
cer making  the  report,  whatever  his  rank,  will  salute  first;  the  officer  to  whom  the 


64  HONORS SALUTES    WITH    CANNON. 

report  is  made  will  acknowledge  by  saluting,  that  he  has  received  and  understood 
the  report.  When  under  arms  the  salute  is  made  with  the  sword  or  saber  if  drawn; 
otherwise  with  the  hand.  A  mounted  officer  dismounts  before  addressing  a  superior 
not  mounted. 

455.  On  official  occasions,  officers  when  indoors  and  under  arms  do  not  uncover, 
but  salute  wath  the  sword  if  drawn;  otherwise  with  the  hand.  If  not  under  arms, 
they  uncover  and  stand  at  attention,  but  do  not  salute  except  when  making  or 
receiving  reports. 

456.  AVhen  an  enlisted  man  without  arms  passes  an  officer  he  salutes  witli  the 
hand  farthest  from  the  officer.  If  mounted,  he  salutes  with  the  right  hand.  Officers 
are  saluted  whether  in  uniform  or  not. 

457.  An  enlisted  man,  armed  with  the  saber  and  out  of  ranks,  salutes  all  officers 
with  the  saber  if  drawn;  otherwise  he  salutes  with  the  hand.  If  on  foot  and  armed 
with  a  rifle  or  carbine,  he  makes  the  rifle  or  carbine  salute.  A  mounted  soldier  dis- 
mounts before  addressing  an  officer  not  mounted. 

458.  A  noncommissioned  officer  or  private  in  command  of  a  detachment  without 
arms  salutes  all  officers  with  the  hand,  but  if  the  detachment  be  on  foot  and  armed 
with  the  rifle  or  carbine,  he  makes  the  rifle  or  carbine  salute,  and  if  armed  with  a 
saber,  he  salutes  with  it. 

459.  An  enlisted  man,  if  seated,  rises  on  the  approach  oi  an  officer,  faces  toward 
him  and  salutes.  If  standing,  he  faces  the  officer  for  the  same  purpose.  If  the  par- 
ties remain  in  the  same  place  or  on  the  same  ground,  such  compliments  need  not  be 
repeated.  Soldiers  actually  at  work  do  not  cease  work  to  salute  an  officer  unless 
addressed  by  him. 

460.  An  enlisted  man  makes  the  prescribed  salute  with  the  weapon  he  is  armed 
with,  or  if  unarmed,  whether  covered  or  uncovered,  with  the  hand,  before  addressing 
an  officer.     He  also  makes  the  same  salute  after  receiving  a  reply. 

461.  Indoors,  an  unarmed  enlisted  man  uncovers  and  stands  at  attention  upon 
the  approach  of  an  officer;  he  does  not  salute  unless  he  addresses  or  is  addressed  by 
the  officer.     If  armed  he  salutes  as  heretofore  prescribed,  without  uncovering. 

462.  When  an  officer  enters  a  room  where  there  are  soldiers,  the  word  '  'Attention ' ' 
is  given  by  some  one  who  perceives  him,  when  all  rise  and  remain  standing  in  the 
position  of  a  soldier  until  the  officer  leaves  the  room.     Soldiers  at  meals  do  not  rise. 

463.  Soldiers  at  all  times  and  in  all  situations  pay  the  same  compliments  to  offi- 
cers of  the  Army,  Navy,  and  Marines,  to  officers  of  volunteers  and  officers  of  the 
militia  in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  as  to  officers  of  their  own  regiment,  corps, 
or  arm  of  service. 

464.  Officers  will  at  all  times  acknowledge  the  courtesies  of  enlisted  men  by 
returning  salutes  given,  in  the  manner  prescribed  in  drill  regulations.  When  several 
officers  in  company  are  saluted,  all  who  are  entitled  to  the  salute  return  it. 

SALUTES   WITH    CANNON. 

465.  Salutes  will  be  fired  between  sunrise  and  sunset  only,  and,  as  a  rule,  not  on 
Sunday.     The  national  flag  will  always  be  displayed  at  the  time  of  firing  a  salute. 

466.  The  national  salute  is  21  guns.  The  salute  to  the  Union,  connnemorative  of 
the  Declaration  of  Independence  and  consisting  of  one  gun  for  each  State,  is  fired  at 
noon  on  July  4,  at  every  post  provided  with  suitable  artillery. 

46T.  The  President^  both  on  his  arrival  at  and  departure  from  a  military  post,  or 
when  in  its  vicinity,  receives  a  salute  of  21  guns.  No  other  personal  salute  is  fired 
in  his  presence. 

468.  The  Vice-President  and  President  of  the  Senate  and  American  or  foreign 
ambassadors  receive  a  salute  of  19  guns;  members  of  the  Cabinet,  the  Chief  Justice, 


SALUTES VISITS.  .65 

the  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives,  a  committee  of  Congress  officially  visit- 
ing a  military  post,  and  governors,  within  their  respective  States  or  Territories, 
receive  17  guns.  A  Governor-General  receives  a  salute  of  17  guns.  The  term 
"governor-general"  shall  be  taken  to  mean  an  administrative  officer  under  whom 
officers  with  the  title  of  governor  are  acting.  The  Assistant  Secretary  of  War,  when 
officially  visiting  a  military  post,  receives  15  guns. 

469.  American  or  foreign  envoys  or  ministers  receive  15  guns;  ministers  resident 
accredited  to  the  United  States,  13  guns;  charges  d'affaires,  11  guns;  consuls-general 
accredited  to  the  United  States,  9  guns. 

470.  The  sovereign  or  chief  magistrate  of  a  foreign  country  receives  the  salute 
prescribed  for  the  President;  members  of  a  royal  family  receive  the  salute  due  to* 
their  sovereign. 

471.  The  General  receives  a  salute  of  17  guns;  the  Lieutenant-General  Command- 
ing the  Army,  15  guns;  a  major-general,  13  guns,  and  a  brigadier-general,  11  guns. 

472.  An  officer  assigned  to  duty  according  to  his  brevet  rank  is  entitled  to  the 
salute  prescribed  for  the  grade  to  which  he  is  assigned. 

473.  As  a  rule,  a  personal  salute  is  fired  when  the  personage  entitled  to  it  enters 
a  post. 

474.  A  general  officer  is  saluted  but  once  a  year  at  each  post,  when  notice  of  his 
intention  to  visit  it  has  been  given.  A  retired  general  officer  making  an  official  visit 
is  saluted  according  to  his  grade.  When  several  persons,  each  of  whom  is  entitled 
to  a  salute,  arrive  together  at  a  post,  the  highest  in  rank  or  position  is  alone  saluted. 
If  they  arrive  successively,  each  is  saluted  in  turn. 

475.  Officers  of  the  Navy  are  saluted  according  to  their  relative  ruik;  officers  of 
marines  and  of  the  volunteer  forces  or  militia  in  the  service  of  the  United  States  and 
officers  of  foreign  services  are  saluted  according  to  rank. 

476.  The  salute  to  a  national  flag  is  21  guns. 

477.  It  is  the  custom  of  foreign  ships  of  war,  on  entering  a  harbor  or  passing  near 
a  fortification,  to  hoist  at  the  fore  the  flag  of  the  country  in  whose  waters  they  are, 
and  to  salute  it.  On  the  completion  of  the  salute  to  the  flag,  a  salute  of  the  same 
number  of  guns  will  be  promptly  retufned  by  the  nearest  fort  or  battery.  If  there 
be  several  forts  or  batteries  in  sight,  or  within  6  miles  of  each  other,  the  saluting 
station  will  return  the  salute.  United  States  vessels  return  salutes  to  the  flag  in 
United  States  waters  only  when  there  is  no  fort  or  battery  to  do  so.  United  States 
vessels  do  not  salute  United  States  forts  or  posts. 

478.  Saluting  stations,  for  the  purpose  of  returning  the  salutes  of  foreign  men-of- 
war  in  the  ports  and  territorial  waters  of  the  United  States,  will  be  designated  in 
orders,  from  time  to  time,  by  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

479.  When  a  civil  functionary  entitled  to  a  salute  arrives  at  a  military  post  the 
commanding  officer  meets  or  calls  upon  him  as  soon  as  practicable,  and  will  tender 
him  a  review,  if  the  garrison  consists  of  not  less  than  four  companies.  When  a  gen- 
eral officer  visits  a  post  within  his  command,  the  troops  will  be-  paraded  for  review, 
unless  he  directs  otherwise.  When  a  salute  is  to  be  given  an  officer  jmiior  to  another 
present  at  a  post,  the  senior  will  be  notified  to  that  effect  by  the  commanding  officer. 

480.  The  flag  of  a  military  post  will  not  be  dipped  by  way  of  salute  or  com- 
pliment. 

VISITS    AND    COURTESIES. 

481.  Officers  arriving  at  the  headquarters  of  a  territorial  department,  military 
command,  or  at  a  military  post,  will  call  upon  the  commander  thereof  as  soon  as 
practicable  and  register  their  names.  If  the  visiting  officer  be  senior  to  the  com- 
mander, the  former  may  send  a  card,  in  which  case  it  becomes  the  duty  of  the 
commander  to  make  the  first  call. 

22778—03 5 


66  VISITS. 

482.  The  interchange  of  official  compliments  and  visits  between  foreign  military 
and  naval  officers  and  the  authorities  of  a  military  post  is  international  in  character 
and  opens  the  way  to  official  and  social  courtesies  among  the  officers.  In  cases  of 
vessels  of  war,  foreign  or  otherwise,  recently  arrived,  it  is  the  duty  of  the  post  com- 
mander to  send  a  suitable  officer  to  offer  civilities  and  assistance.  This  is  called  the 
"boarding  visit,"  and  it  is  expected  that  this  civility  will  be  returned.  Within 
twenty-four  hours  thereafter,  weather  permitting,  the  officer  in  chief  command  of 
the  ship  or  ships  will  visit  the  officer  in  command  of  the  post  or  station,  should  the 
latter  be  his  equal  or  superior  in  grade.  This  visit  will  be  returned  within  twenty- 
four  hours.  Should  the  naval  officer  in  command  be  superior  in  grade  to  the  officer 
commanding  the  post  or  station  the  first  visit  will  be  paid  by  the  latter. 

483.  The  interchange  of  visits  between  governors-general,  governors,  and  other 
officers  administering  insular  governments,  and  officers  of  the  Army  and  Navy,  are 
governed  by  the  following  rules,  which  have  received  the  approval  of  the  Secreta- 
ries of  War  and  the  Navy:  A  definition  of  the  term  "governor-general"  will  be 
found  in  paragraph  468  of  these  Regulations. 

All  naval  officers  in  command  shall  make  the  first  visit  upon  the  governor-general 
whatever  the  latter's  military  grade.  Officers  of  the  Army  holding  commands  under 
a  governor-general,  or  acting  as  governors  of  provinces,  departments,  or  cities,  shall 
make  the  first  visit  upon  a  naval  commander  in  chief,  if  the  latter  is  of  equal  or 
superior  grade,  as  shall  also  civilian  governors  of  provinces,  departments,  or  cities. 

If  not  a  commander  in  chief,  the  first  visit  shall  be  made  by  thfe  senior  naval  offi- 
cer upon  officers- of  the  Army  holding  command  under  a  governor-general,  or  acting 
as  governors  of  provinces,  departments,  or  cities,  if  the  latter  are  equal  or  superior 
in  grade,  and  upon  civilian  governors  of  provinces,  departments,  or  cities. 

Should  the  governor-general  be  a  civilian,  and  therefore  not  holding  direct  mili- 
tary command,  the  naval  commander  in  chief  shall  make  the  first  visit,  both  upon 
the  governor  and  the  army  officer  in  chief  command  of  troops  in  the  island  or 
group  of  islands,  if  the  latter  is  of  equal  or  superior  grade. 

Visits  should  be  exchanged  under  the  above  rules  between  a  naval  commander  in 
chief  or  senior  naval  officer:  (1)  With  the  governor;  (2)  the  governor  of  a  province^ 
department,  or  city;  (3)  the  army  officer  in  chief  command  at  a  place  where  there  is 
a  civil  governor. 

Should  the  governor-general,  or  any  other  officer  administering  the  government  of 
an  island,  find  that  from  indisposition  or  pressure  of  important  business  he  is  unable 
to  pay  or  return  these  visits  in  person,  he  will  depute  his  aid-de-camp  or  some  other 
officer  to  do  so.  In  like  manner,  should  a  naval  commander  in  chief,  from  indisposi- 
tion or  pressing  occupation,  be  precluded  from  paying  or  returning  these  visits,  he  will 
depute  an  officer  not  below  the  rank  of  flag  lieutenant  to  do  so.  In  each  case  the 
officer  failing  to  pay  the  required  visit  in  person  will  report  the  circumstances,  and 
assign  the  reasons  which  led  to  the  omission,  to  the  Department  under  which  he  is 
acting. 

484.  When  a  military  commander  officially  visits  a  vessel  of  war,  he  will  give 
notice  in  advance  of  his  intention  to  do  so.  He  is  received  at  the  gangway  by  the 
commander  of  the  vessel  and  is  accompanied  there  by  the  same  officer  when  leaving. 
The  officer  who  is  sent  with  the  customary  offer  of  civilities  is  met  at  the  gangway  of 
a  vessel  of  war  by  the  officer  of  the  deck,  and  is  presented  by  the  latter  to  the 
commander  of  the  vessel. 

485.  A  vessel  of  war  is  approached  and  boarded,  by  commissioned  officers,  by  the 
starboard  side  and  gangway.  In  entering  a  boat,  the  junior  goes  first  and  other 
officers  follow  in  order  of  rank;  in  leaving  a  boat,  the  senior  goes  first.  The  latter 
acknowledges  the  salutes  which  are  given  at  the  gangway  of  a  naval  vessel. 

486.  Naval  vessels  fire  personal  salutes  to  officers  entitled  to  them  when  the  boats 
containing  them  have  cleared  the  ship.     It  is  an  acknowledgment  of  the  salute  by 


ESCORTS FUNERAL    HONORS.  67 

the  officer  saluted  for  his  boat  to  he  on  her  oars  from  the  first  until  the  last  gun 
and  for  him  to  uncover;  at  the  conclusion,  to  give  way.  Personal  salutes  are  not 
returned  by  military  posts. 

487.  In  case  of  vessels  of  war  of  foreign  powers  at  peace  with  the  United  States 
lying  in  our  ports  or  harbors  and  celebrating  their  national  festivities,  the  commander 
of  each  fort,  battery,  or  military  post  may  participate  in  the  celebration  by  firing 
salutes,  parading  commands,  etc.  In  such  a  case  the  flag  of  the  United  States  will 
be  hoisted  and  lowered  simultaneously  with  that  of  the  ship  on  board  of  which  the 
celebration  o(;curs. 

ESCORTS   OF   HONOR. 

488.  Escorts  of  honor  'nay  be  composed  of  cavalry,  artillery,  or  infantry,  or  of  all 
arms,  according  to  the  circumstances.  They  are  detailed  for  the  purpose  of  receiving 
and  escorting  personages  of  high  rank,  civil  or  military,  when  they  arrive  and  depart. 
The  troops  for  this  purpose  will  be  selected  for  their  soldierly  appearance  and  supe- 
rior discipline,  and  are  formed  and  maneuvered  as  prescribed  in  the  authorized  drill 
regulations.  The  post  commander  in  each  case  will  detail  an  officer  to  attend  the 
personage  escorted,  and  bear  communications  from  him  to  the  commander  of  the 
escort. 

FUNERAL    HONORS. 

489.  On  the  receipt  at  any  post  or  camp  of  official  notice  of  the  death  of  the 
President  of  the  United  States,  the  commanding  officer  will,  on  the  following  day, 
cause  a  gun  to  be  fired  every  half  hour,  beginning  at  sunrise  and  ending  at  sunset. 
When  posts  are  in  sight  or  within  6  miles  of  each  other  the  tiring  will  take  place  only 
at  the  post  commanded  l^y  the  senior  officer. 

490.  On  the  day  of  interment  of  a  Secretary  of  War  or  the  Commanding  General 
of  the  Army  a  gun  will  be  fired  every  half  hour,  beginning  at  sunrise,  until  the 
funeral  procession  moves. 

491.  The  orders  announcing  the  death  of  a  general  officer  on  the  active  or  retired 
list,  or  other  person  entitled  to  a  salute  of  cannon,  will  specify  the  number  of  guns  to 
be  fired  at  half-hour  intervals,  commencing  at  8  o'clock  a.  m.  on  the  day  after  the 
receipt  of  the  order.  During  the  firing  the  flag  will  be  displayed  at  half-staff.  The 
number  of  guns  to  which  the  deceased  was  entitled  will  be  fired.  The  posts  at  which 
they  shall  be  fired  will  be  designated  in  the  orders. 

492.  When  the  funeral  of  an  officer,  who  was  entitled  to  a  salute,  takes  place  at 
or  near  a  military  post,  minute  guns  will  be  fired  while  the  remains  are  being  borne 
to  the  place  of  interment,  but  the  number  of  guns  will  not'  exceed  that  to  which  the 
officer  was  entitled  as  a  salute.  After  the  remains  are  deposited  in  the  grave  a  salute 
corresponding  to  the  rank  of  the  deceased  will  be  fired,  in  addition  to  three  salvos  of 
artillery  or  three  volleys  of  musketry. 

493.  If  the  remains  of  a  flag  officer  of  the  Navy  are  brought  ashore  in  the  vicinity 
of  a  military  post,  the  flag  will  be  displayed  at  half-staff  and  minute  guns  will  be 
fired  as  the  procession  moves.  The  number  of  guns  will  be  that  to  which  the  officer 
was  entitled  as  a  salute. 

494.  During  the  funeral  of  a  civil  functionary,  who  was  entitled  to  a  salute,  the 
flag  is  displayed  at  half-staff  and  minute  guns  are  fired. 

495.  On  the  death  of  an  officer  at  a  military  post  the  flag  is  displayed  at  half-staff 
and  so  remains,  between  reveille  and  retreat,  until  the  last  salvo  or  volley  is  fired 
over  the  grave;  or  if  the  remains  are  not  interred  at  the  post,  until  they  are  removed 
therefrom. 

496.  During  the  funeral  of  an  enlisted  man  at  a  military  post  the  flag  is  displayed 
at  half-staff.  It  is  hoisted  to  the  top  after  the  final  volley  or  gun  is  fired,  or  after  the 
remains  are  taken  from  the  post.  The  same  honors  are  paid  on  the  occaaion  of  the 
funeral  of  a  retired  enlisted  man. 


68  FUNERAL  HONORS MOURNING. 

49 T.  AH  military  posts  in  sight  of  each  other  display  their  flags  at  half-staff  upon 
the  occasion  of  one  doing  so.     The  same  rule  is  observed  toward  all  vessels  of  war. 

498.  When  the  flag  is  displayed  at  half-staff  it  is  lowered  to  that  position  from  the 
top  of  the  staff.     It  is  afterwards  hoisted  to  the  top  before  it  is  finally  lowered. 

499.  The  funeral  escort  of  the  Secretary  of  War  or  General  of  the  Army  will  con- 
sist of  a  regiment  of  infantry,  a  squadron  of  cavalry,  and  two  batteries  of  field  artil- 
lery; of  the  Lieutenant-General  a  regiment  of  infantry,  a  squadron  of  cavalry,  and 
a  battery  of  field  artillery;  of  a  major-general,  a  regiment  of  infantry,  two  troops 
of  cavalry,  and  a  battery  of  field  artillery;  of  a  brigadier-general,  a  regiment  of 
infantry,  a  troop  of  cavalry,  and  a  platoon  of  field  artillery;  of  a  colonel,  a  regiment; 
a  lieutenant-colonel  or  major,  a  battalion  or  squadron;  a  captain,  one  company;  a 
subaltern,  a  platoon.  The  funeral  escort  of  a  general  officer,  or  of  any  other  officer 
either  on  the  active  or  retired  list,  when  the  funeral  occurs  at  any  other  place  than 
a  military  post  or  camp,  will  be  ordered  by  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army, 
with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  will  be  composed  of  such  bodies  of 
troops,  not  exceeding  the  number  prescribed  in  this  paragraph,  as  the  interests  of 
the  service  will  permit.  But  in  all  cases  where  the  funeral  ceremonies  take  place  at 
or  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  a  military  post,  or  where  the  remains  are  conveyed 
through  a  military  post  en  route  to  the  place  of  burial,  the  above  regulation  relative 
to  escort  will  be  complied  with,  so  far  as  the  strength  of  the  garrison  will  allow. 
The  flag  will  be  at  half-staff  while  the  remains  are  at  or  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of 
the  post  and  the  department  or  post  commander  will  give  the  necessary  orders. 

500.  The  funeral  escort  of  an  officer  will  be  commanded  by  an  officer  of  the  same 
grade;  if  none  such  be  present,  by  one  of  the  next  lower  grade.  The  ceremony  is 
prescribed  in  the  drill  regulations. 

501.  The  funeral  escort  of  a  noncommissioned  staff  officer  will  consist  of  sixteen 
rank  and  file,  commanded  by  a  sergeant;  of  a  sergeant,  of  fourteen  rank  and  file, 
commanded  by  a  sergeant;  of  a  corporal,  of  twelve  rank  and  file,  commanded  by  a 
corporal;  of  a  private,  of  eight  rank  and  file,  commanded  by  a  corporal. 

502.  The  funeral  escorts  of  officers  of  field  artillery  will  be  as  follows:  Colonel, 
twelve  pieces;  lieutenant-colonel  and  major,  eight  pieces;  captain,  four  pieces; 
lieutenant,  two  pieces.  The  escort  of  an  enlisted  man  will  consist  of  one  piece. 
Caissons  need  not  accompany  the  pieces. 

503.  Six  pallbearers  will  be  selected  from  the  grade  of  the  deceased,  or  from  the 
next  grade  above  or  below. 

504.  Officers  and  enlisted  men  attending  military  funerals  wear  uniform  and  side 
arms  and  in  the  funeral  procession  follow  the  mourne'rs  in  order  of  rank.  The 
funeral  of  an  officer  is  attended  by  such  officers  of  the  post  or  organization  in  the 
field  as  other  duties  will  permit.  The  funeral  of  a  noncommissioned  officer  is 
attended  by  the  noncommissioned  officers  and  privates  of  the  regiment,  or  such  part 
of  it  as  may  be  present  and  can  be  spared  from  other  duties;  that  of  a  private  by  the 
noncommissioned  officers  and  privates  of  his  company. 

505.  The  badge  of  military  mourning  is  a  knot  of  black  crape  worn  upon  the 
sword  hilt  for  a  period  not  to  exceed  thirty  days. 

506.  As  family  mourning,  officers  may  wear  a  straight  band  oi  crape  five  inches 
wide  around  the  left  arm  above  the  elbow. 

507.  The  drums  of  a  funeral  escort  will  be  covered  with  black  crape  or  thin  black 
serge,  furnished  by  the  quartermaster. 

50§.  The  colors  of  a  regiment  will  not  be  placed  in  mourning  or  draped,  except 
when  ordered  from  the  War  Department.  Two  streamers  of  crape  seven  feet  long 
and  about  twelve  inches  wide  attached  to  the  ferrule  below  the  spearhead  will  be 
used. 

509.  Funeral  honors  will  be  paid  to  deceased  officers  without  military  command 
in  accordance  with  their  grades. 


CEREMONIES.  69 

CEREMONIES. 

510.  All  (^eremoiiiey  will   be  conducted  as  prescribed  in  the  authorized  drill 

regulations. 

511.  There  will  be  daily  one  parade,  morning  or  evening,  as  the  commanding 
officer  may  direct,  which  will  not  be  dispensed  with  except  on  urgent  occasions. 
All  officers  and  men  will  be  present  unless  specially  excused  or  on  duty  incompatible 
with  such  attendance. 

512.  At  every  military  post  or  station  the  flag  will  be  hoisted  at  the  sounding  of 
the  flrst  note  of  the  reveille,  or  of  the  first  note  of  the  march,  if  a  march  be  played 
before  the  reveille.  The  flag  will  be  lowered  at  the  sounding  of  the  last  note  of  the 
retreat,  and  while  the  flag  is  being  lowered  the  band  will  play  The  Star  Spangled 
Banner. 

513.  Troops  will  be  mustered  for  pay  on  the  last  day  of  each  month  unless  other 
wise  ordered  by  the  Secretary  of  War.  When  the  commanding  officer  can  not 
muster  all  the  troops  he  will  designate  other  officers  to  assist. 

514.  Each  stated  muster  wiU,  when  practicable,  be  preceded  by  a  minute  and 
careful  inspection.  If  the  command  consists  of  more  than  one  company,  the  inspec- 
tion will  be  preceded  by  a  review.  If  the  day  for  muster  falls  on  Sunday,  such 
review  and  inspection  will  be  omitted. 

515.  The  ceremony  of  "  Escort  of  the  colors"  should  be  so  conducted  as  to  render 
it  one  of  the  most  impressive  to  the  soldier,  especially  to  the  young  recruit,  of  all  the 
functions  in  which  he  is  required  to  participate.  Proper  salutes  will  be  observed  by 
all  persons  in  the  military  service,  not  under  arms,  during  the  raising  and  lowering 
of  the  national  emblem. 

516.  On  Memorial  Day,  May  30,  at  all  ^rmy  posts  and  stations,  the  national  flag 
will  be  displayed  at  half  staff  from  sunrise  till  midday,  and  immediately  before  noon 
the  band,  or  field  music,  will  play  a  dirge.  Departed  Days,  or  some  appropriate  air, 
and  the  national  salute  of  twenty-one  guns  will  be  fired  at  12  m.  at  all  posts  and  sta- 
tions provided  with  artillery.  At  the  conclusion  of  this  memorial  tribute,  at  noon, 
the  flag  will  be  hoisted  to  the  top  of  the  staff  and  will  remain  there  until  sunset. 
When  hoisted  to  the  top  of  the  staff  the  flag  will  be  saluted  by  playing  one  or  more 
of  the  national  airs.  In  this  way  fitting  testimonial  of  respect  for  the  heroic  dead 
and  honor  to  their  patriotic  devotion  will  be  appropriately  rendered. 

517.  The  national  holidays  will  be  celebrated  with  appropriate  ceremonies, 
including  the  reading  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  Washington's  Farewell 
Address,  or  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  and  such  other  exercises  as  will 
tend  to  promote  respect  and  reverence  for  the  institutions  of  our  country. 


70  GUARDS MAPS    AND    RECONNAISSANCES. 

ARTICLE  XL VII. 

Guards. 

518.  The  authorized  Manual  of  Guard  Duty  is  the  guide  in  all  matters  relating  to 
duties  of  guards  not  contained  in  these  regulations. 

519.  Articles  of  camp  and  garrison  equipage  needed  for  strictly  post  or  police  pur- 
poses— as  flags,  spades,  shovels,  axes,  hatchets,  pickaxes,  and  brooms — will  be  issued 
by  the  quartermaster  on  special  requisition  of  the  officer  of  the  guard  or  officer  of 
the  day,  approved  by  the  post  commander.  These  articles  will  be  receipted  for  by 
the  officer  making  the  requisition  and  dropped  from  the  quartermaster's  returns; 
articles  other  than  those  herein  enumerated  w^ll  be  continued  on  his  returns. 

520.  Articles  so  obtained  will  be  duly  entered,  by  the  officer  who  receives  them, 
on  the  guard  report  under  the  heading  "Articles  in  charge."  They  will  be  carried 
on  the  report  and  daily  receipted  for  by  the  successive  officers  of  the  guard  or  day. 
When  no  longer  fit  for  use  they  will  be  submitted  for  inspection,  and,  if  condemned, 
disposed  of  as  ordered. 

521.  An  officer  who  receipts  for  property  so  carried  on  the  guard  report  is  not 
required  to  render  returns  thereof.  He  is  relieved  from  accountability  for  it  by  the 
receipt  of  his  successor. 

ARTICLE   XLVIII. 

Maps  and  Reconnaissances. 

522.  The  commanding  officer  of  every  body  of  troops  ordered  to  march  will  select 
a  competent  person,  preferably  a  commissioned  officer,  to  whom  he  will  intrust  the 
special  duty  of  making  the  field  notes  and  sketches  and  keeping  the  journals  herein- 
after mentioned  for  the  preparation  of  a'map  of  the  route  traversed.  The  person  so 
selected  will  be  relieved  of  so  much  of  his  routine  duties  as  will  enable  him  to  per- 
form this  duty.  Daily  or  more  frequently  the  commanding  officer  will  inspect  and 
verify  the  notes  and  journal. 

52^.  Journals  of  marches  will  be  kept  in  notebooks,  and  route  reconnaissances 
will  be  recorded  on  blanks.  The  books  and  blanks  will  be  furnished  by  the  Engi- 
neer Department.  If  they  can  not  be  obtained  they  will  be  prepared  according  to 
standard  forms  as  nearly  as  practicable. 

524.  Notebooks  will  be  freely  used,  and  to  guard  against  loss  of  valuable  data 
copies  will  be  made,  verified,  and  retained,  and  the  originals  forwarded  to  depart- 
ment headquarters  at  every  convenient  opportunity.  Whenever  a  sufficient  halt  is 
made  a  map  of  the  route  up  to  that  point,  together  with  a  report  thereon,  will  be 
transmitted  in  the  same  manner.  These  notes  will  not  be  omitted  when  passing 
over  known  routes. 

525.  General  instructions  for  the  use  and  preservation  of  instruments,  the  char- 
acter of  the  observations  to  be  specially  made  and  the  methods  of  recording  them 
will  be  found  in  printed  notes  in  the  book  and  on  the  form  which  the  Engineer 
Department  supplies. 

526.  Requisitions  will  be  made  upon  the  Engineer  Department  for  the  necessary 
instruments,  notebooks,  and  reconnaissance  blanks. 


THE    MILITARY    ACADEMY THE    WAR    COLLEGE.  7l 

ARTICLE   XLIX. 

THE    MILITARY    ACADEMY. 

527.  The  United  States  Military  Academy  at  West  Point,  N.  Y.,  constitutes  an 
independent  command  from  which  all  reports  and  returns  are  made  direct  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army;  it  is  governed  by  special  regulations  which  are 
prepared  and  promulgated  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

528.  Leaves  of  absence  for  three  months,  from  date  of  graduation,  will  be  allowed 
to  graduates  of  the  Military  Academy.  They  will  not  be  counted  against  them  in 
subsequent  applications  for  leave,  but  can  not  be  postponed  to  another  time. 

529.  No  person  who  has  been  a  cadet  at  the  Military  Academy  is  to  be  deemed 
under  any  circumstances  entitled  to  receive  a  commission  in  advance  of  the  gradua- 
tion of  his  class.  Under  the  act  of  Congress  approved  March  2,  1901,  no  soldier  who 
has  been  expelled  from  the  Military  Academy  for  hazing  will  be  commissioned  until 
two  years  after  the  graduation  of  the  class  of  which  he  was  a  member. 

ARTICLE   L. 

The  Army  War  College.     The  Service  Schools. 

THE    army    war   college. 

530.  The  Army  War  College  having  for  its  object  the  direction  and  coordination 
of  the  instruction  in  the  various  service  schools,  the  extension  of  the  opportunities 
for  investigation  and  study  in  the  Army  and  Militia  of  the  United  States,  and  the 
collection  and  dissemination  of  military  information,  constitutes  an  independent 
command  under  the  immediate  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War.  The  staff  of  the 
Co  lege,  the  theoretical  and  practical  work  to  be  carried  on,  and  the  names  of  officers 
who  may  be  selected  to  receive  general  staff  instruction  will  be  announced  in  orders, 
from  time  to  time,  by  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

THE   united    states   ENGINEER   SCHOOL. 

531.  The  United  States  Engineer  School,  at  Willets  Point,  N.  Y.,  constitutes  an 
independent  command  under  the  immediate  direction  of  the  Chief  of  Engineers. 
The  selection  of  the  staff  and  of  the  engineer  officers  who  are  to  undergo  instruction 
is  made  by  the  Chief  of  Engineers  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

532.  The  commanding  officer  of  each  cavalry  and  infantry  regiment  may,  on  the 
1st  day  of  September  of  each  year,  nominate  to  the  Commanding  General  of  the 
Army  one  subaltern  for  detail  at  the  United  States  Engineer  School  at  Willets  Point, 
for  a  course  of  instruction  in  torpedo  service,  topography,  and  practical  military  engi- 
neering, commencing  on  the  1st  day  of  December  and  ending  on  the  1st  of  October 
following.  The  nominations  thus  made  will  be  forwarded  through  the  regular  mili- 
tary channels.  Similar  instruction  will  be  given  to  such  officers  of  artillery  as  may 
be  designated  for  that  purpose  by  the  Chief  of  Artillery.  The  officers  of  the  line 
ordered  to  instruction  duty  under  the  operation  of  this  paragraph  will  perform  such 
duties  as  may  be  assigned  to  them  by  the  commanding  officer  of  the  school. 

533.  The  conditions  governing  the  detail  will  be  determined  each  year  and 
announced  in  orders  from  the  Headquarters  of  the  Army, 

THE   artillery  SCHOOL. 

534.  The  Artillery  School  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  constitutes  an  independent  com- 
mand, from  which  all  reports  and  returns  are  made  direct  to  the  Headquarters  of  the 
Army.     It  is  governed  by  special  regulations. 

535.  The  Artillery  School  shall  consist  of  a  commandant,  an  adjutant,  such 
instructors  as  may  be  detailed,  and  such  troops,  officers,  and  enlisted  men  as  may 
be  assigned  to  it  for  duty  or  instruction  by  orders  from  Headquarters  of  the  Army. 


72  THE    SERVICE    SCHOOLS. 

The  general  administration  of  the  school  is  intrusted  to  the  commandant.  The 
head  of  each  department  of  instruction  will  conduct  the  work  of  his  department. 

The  commandant  and  heads  of  departments  of  instruction  shall  constitute  a  board 
of  artillery  for  the  general  service,  to  which  may  be  referred  from  time  to  time  all 
subjects  pertaining  to  artillery  upon  which  the  General  Commanding  the  Army  may 
desire  its  opinion  and  recommendation.  The  secretary  of  the  school  board  will  act 
as  recorder  of  the  artillery  board  and  will  keep  a  separate  record  of  its  proceedings. 

536.  The  regular  course  shall  be  for  one  year,  beginning  September  1  of  each 
year.     The  officers  detailed  for  attendance  at  this  school  shall  be: 

1.  From  those  recently  appointed  and  not  graduates  from  the  Military  Academy. 

2.  Those  below  the  rank  of  captain  who  have  been  longest  in  the  service  and  not 
already  graduates  of  the  Artillery  School. 

3.  Those  officers  of  whatever  rank  who  may  desire  to  take  the  course  or  any  por- 
tion of  it  when  their  services  can  be  spared. 

Officers  detailed  for  attendance  will  report  by  August  15  for  i)reliminary  examina- 
tions. 

THE   SCHOOL   FOR   ELECTRICIAN   SERGEANTS. 

537.  The  school  for  electrician  sergeants  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  is  a  branch  of  the 
Artillery  School.  The  plan  of  organization  and  instruction,  the  conditions  of  admis- 
sion, the  course  of  study,  and  the  time  to  be  devoted  to  the  different  subjects  will  be 
prescribed  by  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  school,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  com- 
manding officer  of  the  Artillery  School  and  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army. 

THE   INFANTRY   AND   CAVALRY    SCHOOL. 

538.  The  Infantry  and  Cavalry  School  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kans,,  is  governed 
by  special  regulations,  and  will  have  the  ff)llowing  organization: 

I.  The  commanding  officer  of  the  post  of  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kans.,  shall  be  the 
commandant  of  the  school. 

"2.  The  senior  officer  on  duty  with  the  school  pursuant  to  orders  from  the  War 
Department  shall  be  the  assistant  commandant  of  the  school. 

3.  The  staff  of  the  school  shall  consist  of  the  assistant  commandant  and  the  instruct- 
ors in  charge  of  departments. 

4.  The  instructors  shall  be  assisted  by  such  number  of  assistant  instructors,  desig- 
nated by  the  commandant,  as  may  be  required. 

5.  There  shall  be  a  secretary  of  the  school,  appointed  by  the  commandant. 

6.  The  officers  designated  as  members  of  the  student  class  are  detailed  in  orders 
from  the  Headquarters  of  the  Army. 

7.  The  enlisted  force  and  the  equipment  of  the  several  organizations  on  duty  at  the 
post  shall  be  available  for  the  practical  instruction  of  officers  of  the  student  class  in 
field  operations  and  drill  regulations  at  such  times  as  may  be  determined  by  the 
commandant. 

8.  The  course  of  instruction  shall  be  as  provided  for  in  the  programme  of  instruc- 
tion.    It  shall  embrace  two  years,  each  year  to  constitute  one  term. 

9.  The  first  year's  course  shall  begin  on  the  15th  of  September,  unless  that  date 
falls  on  Saturday  or  Sunday,  when  it  shall  begin  on  the  following  Monday.  It  shall 
end  on  the  31st  of  May.  The  month  of  August  following  shall  be  devoted  to  such 
practical  exercises  in  the  field  as  may  be  directed  by  the  commandant. 

10.  The  second  year's  course  shall  embrace  the  period  between  the  1st  of  Septem- 
ber and  the  31st  of  May  following. 

II.  The  staff  shall  note  the  names  of  the  students  who  may  have  shown  marked 
proficiency  in  any  branch,  and  shall  state  the  professional  employments  for  which 
any  of  them  appear  to  be  specially  qualified.  The  staff  shall  also  note  the  names  of 
oflicers  of  the  distinguished  grade,  not  to  exceed  five,  to  be  borne  on  the  Army  Reg- 
ister as  **  Honor  graduates." 


THE    SERVICE    SCHOOLS.  73 

12.  When  an  officer  has  graduated  in  the  distinguished  class,  that  fact,  with  a 
transcript  from  the  records  of  the  school  setting  forth  the  branches  in  wliidi  he  has 
been  especially  distinguished  and  the  recommendations  given  in  his  case  by  the  staff 
of  the  school,  shall  be  communicated  to  the  colonel  of  his  regiment. 

539.  Commanding  officers  of  regiments  will  be  directed  from  Headquarters  of  the 
Army  to  make  preliminary  selection  of  officers  and  of  alternates  one  year  in  advance 
of  the  date  of  entrance  at  the  school,  and  such  officers  or  alternates  will,  at  the  proper 
time,  be  detailed  at  the  school,  except  for  cogent  reasons  to  the  contrary;  but  no  offi- 
cer will  be  selected  who  is  not  physically  qualified  for  active  service.  A  list  of  the 
names  of  officers  and  alternates  selected  will  be  sent  from  the  Adjutant-General's 
Office  to  the  commandant,  who  will  cause  the  programme  of  instruction  and  list  of 
authorized  text-books  to  be  sent  to  them. 

THE   CAVALRY    ANP   LIGHT   ARTILLERY    SCHOOL. 

540.  The  Cavalry  and  Light  Artillery  School  at  Fort  Riley,  Kans.,  is  governed 
by  special  regulations  and  includes  a  subschool  of  practice  for  each  of  those  arms. 
The  school  is  for  the  purpose  of  instruction  in  the  combined  operations  of  cavalry 
and  light  artillery. 

541.  The  school  will  have  the  following  organization: 

a.  Such  number  of  squadrons  of  cavalry,  not  exceeding  three;  such  numl>er  of 
batteries  of  light  artillery,  not  exceeding  five;  and  such  other  officers  And  enlisted 
men  as  may  be  there  assigned  for  instruction. 

h.  The  troops  of  each  arm  shall  constitute  a  subschool  of  practice. 

e.  The  commandant  shall  be  a  colonel  of  cavalry,  but  in  his  absence  the  senior 
officer  of  cavalry  or  artillery  present  will  command. 

d.  The  director  of  the  subschool  for  cavalry  shall  be  the  senior  officer  of  cavalry 
present,  next  to  the  commandant. 

e.  The  director  of  the  subschool  for  artillery  shall  be  the  senior  officer  of  artillery 
present. 

/.  The  staff  of  the  school  shall  consist  of  the  commandant  and  all  field  officers  of 
artillery  and  cavalry  present  at  the  post. 

g.  A  secretary  of  the  school  appointed  by  the  commandant. 

THE   ARMY   MEDICAL   SCHOOL. 

542.  The  Army  Medical  School,  at  Washington,  D.  C,  is  governed  by  special 
regulations,  and  will  have  the  following  organization: 

1.  The  faculty  will  consist  of  four  or  more  professors  selected  from  the  senior  officers 
of  the  Medical  Department  stationed  in  or  near  the  city  of  Washington,  and  such 
associate  professors  as  may  be  required.  The  senior  officer  will  be  president,  and 
the  junior,  secretary  of  the  faculty. 

2.  The  student  officers  will  be  selected  by  the  Surgeon-General  from  those  medical 
officers  who  have  been  appointed  since  the  last  preceding  term  of  the  school,  and 
such  others  as  may  be  authorized  to  attend. 

543.  The  course  of  instruction  will  be  for  five  months,  and  will  be  given  annually 
at  the  Army  Medical  Museum,  in  Washington,  D.  C,  commencing  on  the  first  Mon- 
day of  November.     It  will  include  lectures  on  and  practical  instruction  in— 

1.  The  duties  of  medical  officers  in  war  and  peace. 

2.  Military  surgery,  the  care  of  the  wounded  in  time  of  war,  and  hospital  admin- 
istration. 

3.  Militarv  hygiene. 

4.  Military  medicine. 

5.  Microscopy,   sanitary  and   clinical;   pathological   histology,   bacteriology,  and 

urinology. 

6.  Hospital  Corps  drill,  and  first  aid  to  wounded. 


74  THE    GOVERNMENT    HOSPITAL    FOR    THE    INSANE. 

ARTICLE  LI. 

The  Government  Hospital  for  the  Insane. 

544.  The  insane  of  the  mihtary  service  will  be  sent  by  department  commanders, 
under  proper  escort,  to  Washington,  D.  C,  where  they  will  be  reported  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  that  the  orders  of  the  Secretary  of  War  for  admission 
to  the  Government  Hospital  for  the  Insane  may  be  obtained. 

545.  The  following  classes  of  persons  are,  by  law,  entitled  to  admission  to  the 
asylum:  (1)  Officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  regular  or  volunteer  forces,  who  have 
become  insane  while  in  the  military  service,  or  within  three  years  after  their  dis- 
charge therefrom,  for  causes  which  arose  during,  and  were  caused  by  such  service; 
(2)  inmates  of  the  Soldiers'  Home,  and  of  the  National  Home  for  Disabled  Volun- 
teer Soldiers;  (3)  civilian  employees  of  the  Quartermaster's,  Subsistence,  and  Pay 
Departments  who  may  become  insane  during  such  employment;  (4)  military  con- 
victs. 

546.  An  application  for  admission  to  the  hospital  will  be  forwarded  in  time  to 
reach  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  at  least  one  day  before  the  arrival  of  the 
patient.  It  will  contain  a  full  description  of  the  patient,  and  will  be  accompanied 
by  a  certificate  of  the  post  surgeon  containing  the  diagnosis  and  a  detailed  account 
of  the  medix-al  history  of  the  case.  If  the  patient  be  a  soldier,  his  descriptive  list 
and  certificates  of  disability  will  accompany  the  application.  He  will  not  be  dis- 
charged from  the  service  except  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War  after  his  arrival  at 
the  hospital. 

547.  An  insane  soldier  will  be  escorted  by  a  noncommissioned  officer.  When  a 
number  are  sent  at  one  time,  or  when  the  patient  or  patients  are  violent,  the  depart- 
ment commander  may  order  such  addition  to  the  escort  as  may  be  necessary.  The 
noncommissioned  officer  will  report  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  by  tele- 
graph, at  least  twenty-four  hours  in  advance,  the  probable  time  and  place  of  arrival 
in  Washington.  After  leaving  the  patient  at  the  asylum,  the  noncommissioned  offi- 
cer will  report  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  for  further  instructions. 

54§.  On  the  departure  of  the  patient  from  his  station,  the  commanding  officer 
will  give  such  orders  to  the  person  in  charge  as  will  provide  for  transportation  of  the 
necessary  attendants  to  the  institution  and  returning  to  their  posts,  also  subsistence 
during  their  absence.  When  payment  of  commutation,  in  lieu  of  subsistence  in 
kind,  is  permissible  under  paragraph  1410,  the  commanding  officer  may,  in  writing, 
order  commutation  for  the  patient  to  be  paid  in  advance  to,  and  receipted  for  by, 
the  noncommissioned  officer  to  whose  charge  the  patient  is  committed. 

549.  To  obtain  the  release  of  a  patient  when  cured,  or  his  delivery  to  the  care 
of  friends,  application  must  be  made  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  accom- 
panied by  the  recommendation  of  the  superintendent  of  the  hospital. 


INDIANS THE    INDIAN    COUNTRY.  76 

ARTICLE   LXI. 

Indians, 
indian  country,  etc. 

550.  If  any  commanding  officer  of  a  military  post  has  reason  to  suspect  or  is 
informed  that  any  white  person  or  Indian  is  about  to  introduce  or  has  introduced 
any  spirituous  Hquor  or  wine  into  the  Indian  country  in  violation  of  law,  he  may 
cause  the  boats,  stores,  packages,  wagons,  sleds,  and  places  of  deposit  of  such  person 
to  be  searched;  and  if  such  liquor  is  found  therein,  the  same,  together  with  the  boats, 
teams,  wagons,  and  sleds  used  in  conveying  the  same,  and  also  the  goods,  packages, 
and  peltries  of  such  person,  shall  be  seized  and  delivered  to  the  proper  officer,  and 
shall  be  proceeded  against  by  libel  in  the  proper  court.  It  shall,  moreover,  be  the 
duty  of  any  person  in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  or  of  any  Indian,  to  take  and 
destroy  any  ardent  spirits  or  wine  found  in  the  Indian  country,  except  such  as  may 
be  introduced  therein  by  the  War  Department.  In  all  cases  arising  under  sections 
2139  and  2140,  Revised  Statutes,  Indians  shall  be  competent  witnesses.  It  shall  be 
a  sufficient  defense  to  any  charge  of  introducing  or  attempting  to  introduce  ardent 
spirits,  ale,  beer,  wine,  or  intoxicating  liquors  into  the  Indian  country  that  the  acts 
charged  were  done  under  authority,  in  writing  from  the  War  Department  or  any 
officer  duly  authorized  thereunto  by  the  War  Department. 

551.  The  Indian  country  within  the  meaning  of  the  foregoing  paragraph  may  be 
defined,  in  general,  as  the  Indian  Territory,  Indian  reservations,  or  districts  occupied 
by  Indian  tribes  and  to  which  the  Indian  title  has  not  been  extinguished;  or  sec- 
tions of  country  over  which  the  operation  of  the  Indian  trade  and  intercourse  laws 
has  been  retained  by  Indian  treaty  stipulations.  Should  any  case  arise  which,  in 
the  opinion  of  the  department  commander,  does  not  appear  to  be  embraced  within 
these  definitions,  he  will  report  it  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  in  order  that  the  question 
whether  the  location  is  Indian  country  may  be  authoritatively  determined. 

552.  When  lands  are  secured  to  the  Indians  by  treaty  against  occupation  by  the 
whites  the  military  commanders  will  keep  intruders  off  the  same  by  military  force 
if  necessary,  until  such  time  as  the  Indian  title  is  extinguished  or  the  lands  are 
opened  by  Congress  for  settlement. 

553.  When  questions  arise  as  to  the  ownership  of  animals  in  possession  of  Indians, 
the  commanding  officer  of  the  nearest  military  post  is  authorized  and  directed  to  act 
in  conjunction  with  the  agent  in  charge  of  said  Indians  in  the  investigation  and 
determination  of  ownership. 

554.  The  introduction  into  the  Indian  country  for  the  purpose  of  sale  to,  or 
exchange  with  Indians  of  any  breech-loading  firearms  and  of  any  special  ammunition 
adapted  to  them,  and  the  sale  and  exchange  to  Indians  in  the  Indian  country  of  any 
such  arms  or  ammunition  is  prohibited.  The  introduction  into  the  country  or  dis- 
trict occupied  by  any  tribe  of  hostile  Indians,  for  the  purpose  of  sale  or  exchange  to 
them,  of  arms  or  ammunition  of  any  description,  and  the  sale  or  exchange  thereof 
to  or  with  such  Indians,  is  prohibited;  and  all  such  arms  or  ammunition  introduced 
by  traders  or  other  persons,  and  which  are  liable  in  any  manner  to  be  received  by 
such  hostile  Indians,  shall  be  deemed  contraband  of  war,  to  be  seized  by  any  officer 
and  confiscated. 

555.  Supplies,  stores,  and  property  of  any  kind  procured  out  of  Army  appropria- 
tions will  not  be  transferred,  in  any  way  or  under  any  circumstances,  for  the  use  of 
Indians  except  under  authority  first  obtained  from  the  Secretary  of  War.  Any  offi- 
cer violating  the  terms  of  this  regulation  will  be  charged  with  the  money  value 
of  the  supplies,  stores,  or  property  transferred,  and  in  addition  be  otherwise  held 


M 


Indians — pukchases — indian  scouts. 


accountable,  according  to  circumstances.  But  this  paragraph  will  not  be  construed 
to  prohibit  the  issue  of  small  quantities  of  subsistence  stores  to  Indians  visiting  mili- 
tary posts,  as  authorized  in  section  2110,  Revised  Statutes. 

556.  Indians  held  as  prisoners  of  war  are  entitled  to  receive  necessary  subsistence, 
clothing,  medicines,  and  medical  attendance.  There  is  no  authority  of  law  permitting 
such  supplies  and  attendance  to  be  furnished  to  Indians  under  the  care  and  manage- 
ment of  the  Interior  Department.  All  Indian  prisoners  will  be  reported  on  the  post 
returns  under  the  following  form: 


Number  of 

Number  of 

a 

children 

children  12 

. 

0) 

a 

above  12  years 

vears  of  age 

s 

a 

of  age. 

and  under. 

^ 

a 

o 

5^ 

t 

Name  of 
tribe. 

•  Remarks. 

1 
a 

a 

6 

q3 

o 
1 

"3 
O 

1 

1 

PURCHASES    FROM    INDIANS. 

557.  Purchases  of  cattle,  hay,  grain,  fuel,  or  other  produce  or  merchandise  which 
Indians  may  have  for  sale  and  which  may  be  required  for  the  military  service  may, 
with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  AVar,  be  made  from  Indians  in  open  market,  at 
fair  and  reasonable  prices,  but  not  exceeding  the  market  prices  in  the  localities  where 
such  purchases  are  made. 

INDIAN    SCOUTS. 

558.  Indians  employed  as  scouts  under  the  provisions  of  sections  1094  and  1112, 
Revised  Statutes,  will  be  enlisted  for  periods  of  three  years  and  discharged  when  the 
necessity  for  their  services  shall  cease.  While  in  service  they  will  receive  the  pay 
and  allowances  of  cavalry  soldiers  and  an  additional  allowance  of  40  cents  per  day, 
provided  they  furnish  their  own  horses  and  horse  equipments;  but  such  additional 
allowance  will  cease  if  they  do  not  keep  their  horses  and  equipments  in  serviceable 
condition. 

559.  Department  commanders  are  authorized  to  appoint  the  sergeants  and  cor- 
porals for  the  whole  number  of  enlisted  Indian  scouts  serving  in  their  departments, 
but  such  appointments  must  not  exceed  the  proportion  of  one  first  sergeant,  five 
sergeants,  and  four  corporals  for  sixty  enlisted  Indian  scouts. 

560.  The  number  of  Indian  scouts  allowed  to  military  departments  will  be 
announced  from  time  to  time  in  orders  from  the  Headquarters  of  the  Army. 

561.  The  enlistment  and  reenlistment  of  Indian  scouts  will  be  made  under  the 
direction  of  department  commanders.  The  appointment  or  mustering  of  farriers  or 
blacksmiths  on  the  rolls  of  Indian  scouts  is  illegal. 

562.  In  all  cases  of  enlistment  of  Indians  the  full  Indian  name,  and  also  the 
English  interpretation  of  the  same,  will  be  inserted  in  the  enlistment  papers  and  in  all 
flubsequent  returns  and  reports  concerning  them. 


ENFOKCEMENT    OF   THE    LAWS.  77 

ARTICLE  LIII. 

Employment  of  Tkoops  in  the  Enforcement  of  the  Laws. 

563.  It  is  unlawful  to  employ  any  part  of  the  Army  of  the  United  States,  as  a 
posse  comitatus  or  otherwise,  for  the  purpose  of  executing  the  laws,  except  in  such 
cases  and  under  such  circumstances  as  such  employment  of  said  force  may  be 
expressly  authorized  by  the  Constitution  or  by  act  of  Congress;  and  any  person 
willfully  violating  this  provision  will  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and,  on 
conviction  thereof,  will  be  punishable  by  a  fine  not  exceeding  $10,000  or  imprison- 
ment not  exceeding  two  years,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.  Act  of  Jkme 
IS,  1878  {20  Statutes  at  Large  145). 

564.  The  provisions  of  the  Constitution  and  of  acts  of  Congress  understoed  as 
intended  to  be  excepted  from  the  operation  of  the  preceding  paragraph,  authorizing 
the  employment  of  the  military  forces  for  the  purpose  of  executing  the  laws,  are  as 
follows: 

ARTICLE  IV  OF  THE  CONSTITUTION. 

§  4.  The  United  States  shall  guarantee  to  every  State  In  this  Union  a  republican  form  of  govern- 
ment, and  shall  protect  each  of  them  against  invasion;  and  on  application  of  the  legislature,  or  of  the 
executive  (when  the  legislature  can  not  be  convened),  against  domestic  violence. 

REVISED  STATUTES  OF  tHE  UNITED  STATES. 

CIVIL  RIGHTS. 

Sec.  1984.  The  commissioners  authorized  to  be  appointed  by  the  preceding  section  [sec.  1983]  are 
empowered,  within  their  respective  counties,  to  appoint,  in  writing,  under  their  hands,  one  or  more 
suitable  persons,  from  time  to  time,  who  shall  execute  all  such  warrants  or  other  process  as  the  com- 
missioners may  issue  in  the  lawful  performance  of  their  duties,  and  the  persons  so  appointed  shall 
have  authority  to  summon  and  call  to  their  aid  the  bystanders  or  posse  comitatus  of  the  proper 
county,  or  such  portion  of  the  land  and  naval  forces  of  the  United  States,  or  of  the  militia,  as  may  be 
necessary  to  the  performance  of  the  duty  with  which  they  are  charged;  and  such  warrants  shall  run 
and  be  executed  anywhere  in  the  State  or  Territory  within  which  they  are  issued. 

Sec.  1989.  It  shall  be  lawful  for  the  President  of  the  United  States,  or  such  person  as  he  may 
empower  for  that  purpose,  to  employ  such  part  of  the  land  or  naval  forces  of  the  United  States,  or  of 
the  militia,  as  may  be  necessary  to  aid  in  the  execution  of  judicial  process  issued  under  any  of  the 
preceding  provisions,  or  as  shall  be  necessary  to  prevent  the  violation  and  enforce  the  due  execution 
of  the  provisions  of  this  title. 

Sec.  1991.  Every  person  in  the  military  or  civil  service  in  the  Territory  of  New  Mexico  shall  aid  in 
the  enforcement  of  the  preceding  section  [abolishing  peonage] . 


Sec.  2118.  Every  person  who  makes  a  settlement  on  any  lands  belonging,  secured,  or  granted  by 
treaty  with  the  United  States  to  any  Indian  tribe,  or  surveys_or  attempts  to  survey  such  lands,  or  to 
designate  any  of  the  boundaries  by  marking  trees,  or  otherwise,  is  liable  to  a  penalty  of  one  thousand 
dollars.  The  President  may,  moreover,  take  such  measures  and  employ  such  military  force  as  he 
may  judge  necessary  to  remove  any  such  person  from  the  lands. 

Sec.  2147.  The  Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs,  and  the  Indian  agents  and  subagents,  shall  have 
authority  to  remove  from  the  Indian  country  all  persons  found  therein  contrary  to  law;  and  the 
President  is  authorized  to  direct  the  military  force  to  be  employed  in  such  removal. 

Sec.  2150.  The  military  forces  of  the  United  States  may  be  employed  in  such  manner  and  under 
such  regulations  as  the  President  may  direct- 
First.  In  the  apprehension  of  every  person  who  may  be  in  the  Indian  country  in  violation  of  law; 
and  in  conveying  him  immediately  from  the  Indian  country,  by  the  nearest  convenient  and  safe 
route,  to  the  civil  authority  of  the  Territory  or  judicial  district  in  which  such  person  shall  be  founds 
to  be  proceeded  against  in  due  course  of  law; 

Second.  In  the  examination  and  seizure  of  stores,  packages,  and  boats,  authorized  by  law; 

Third.  In  preventing  the  introduction  of  persons  and  property  into  the  Indian  country  contrary  to 
law;  which  persons  and  property  shall  be  proceeded  against  according  to  law: 

Fourth.  And  also  in  destroying  and  breaking  up  any  distillery  for  manufacturing  ardent  spirits  set 
up  or  continued  within  the  Indian  country. 


78  ENFOECEMENT    OF    THE    LAWS. 

Sec.  2151.  No  person  apprehended  by  military  force  under  the  preceding  section  shall  be  detained 
longer  than  five  days  after  arrest  and  before  removal.  All  officers  and  soldiers  who  may  have  any  such 
person  in  custody  shall  treat  him  with  all  the  humanity  which  the  circumstances  will  permit. 

Sec.  2152.  The  superintendents,  agents,  and  subagents  shall  endeavor  to  procure  the  arrest  and 
trial  of  all  Indians  accused  of  committing  any  crime,  ofTense,  or  misdemeanor,  and  of  all  other  per- 
sons who  may  have  committed  crimes  or  offenses  within  any  State  or  Territory,  and  have  fled  into 
the  Indian  country,  either  by  demanding  the  same  of  the  chiefs  of  the  proper  tribe,  or  by  such  other 
means  as  the  President  may  authorize.  The  President  may  direct  the  military  force  of  the  United 
States  to  be  employed  in  the  apprehension  of  such  Indians,  and  also  in  preventing  or  terminating 
hostilities  between  any  of  the  Indian  tribes. 

THE  PUBLIC  LANDS. 

Sec.  2460.  The  President  is  authorized  to  employ  so  much  of  the  land  and  naval  forces  of  the 
United  States  as  may  be  necessary  effectually  to  prevent  the  felling,  cutting  down,  or  other  destruc- 
tion of  the  timber  of  the  United  States  in  Florida,  and  to  prevent  the  transportation  or  carrying  away 
any  such  timber  as  may  be  already  felled  or  cut  down;  and  to  take  such  other  and  further  measures 
as  may  be  deemed  advisable  for  the  preservation  of  the  timber  of  the  United  States  in  Florida. 

Be  it  enacted  b//  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America  in  Congress 
assembled,  That  if  any  person  or  persons  shall,  after  the  passing  of  this  act,  take  possession  of,  or  make 
a  settlement  on  any  lands  ceded  or  secured  to  the  United  States,  by  any  treaty  made  with  a  foreign 
nation,  or  by  a  cession  from  any  State  to  the  United  States,  which  lands  shall  not  have  been  previously 
sold,  ceded,  or  leased  by  the  United  States,  or  the  claim  to  which  lands,  by  such  person  or  persons, 
shall  not  have  been  previously  recognized  and  confirmed  by  the  United  States;  or  if  any  person  or 
persons  shall  cause  such  lands  to  be  thus  occupied,  taken  possession  of,  or  settled;  or  shall  survey,  or 
attempt  to  survey,  or  cause  to  be  surveyed,  any  such  lands;  or  designate  any  boundaries  thereon,  by 
marking  trees,  or  otherwise,  until  thereto  duly  authorized  by  law,  such  offender  or  offenders  shall 
forfeit  all  his  or  their  right,  title,  and  claim,  if  any  he  hath,  or  they  have,  of  whatsoever  nature  or 
kind  the  same  shall  or  may  be,  to  the  lands  aforesaid,  which  he  or  they  shall  have  taken  possession 
of,  or  settled,  or  cause  to  be  occupied,  taken  possession  of,  or  settled,  or  which  he  or  they  shall  have 
surveyed,  or  attempt  to  survey,  or  cause  to  be  surveyed,  or  the  boundaries  thereof  he  or  they  shall 
have  designated,  or  cause  to  be  designated,  by  marking  trees  or  otherwise.  And  it  shall  moreover  be 
lawful  for  the  President  of  the  United  States  to  direct  the  marshal,  or  officer  acting  as  marshal,  in  the 
manner  hereinafter  directed,  and  also  to  take  such  other  measures,  and  to  employ  such  military  force 
as  he  may  judge  necessary  and  proper,  to  remove  from  lands  ceded  or  secured  to  the  United  States  by 
treaty  or  cession  as  aforesaid  any  person  or  persons  who  shall  hereafter  take  possession  of  the  same,  or 
make,  or  attempt  to  make,  a  settlement  thereon,  until  thereunto  authorized  by  law.  And  every  right, 
title,  or  claim  forfeited  under  this  act  shall  be  taken  and  deemed  to  be  vested  in  the  United  States, 
without  any  other  or  further  proceedings:  Provided,  That  nothing  herein  contained  shall  be  construed 
to  affect  the  right,  title,  or  claim  of  any  person  to  lands  in  the  Territories  of  Orleans  or  Louisiana 
before  the  boards  of  commissioners  established  by  the  act  intituled  "An  act  for  ascertaining  and 
adjusting  the  titles  and  claims  to  land  within  the  Territory  of  Orleans  and  the  District  of  Loui- 
siana," shall  have  made  their  reports  and  the  decision  of  Congress  been  had  thereon. 

[Section  1  of  an  act  approved  March  3rd,  1807,  perpetuated  by  sec.  5596,  Revised  Statutes.] 

The  Secretary  of  War,  upon  the  request  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  is  hereafter  authorized  and 
directed  to  make  the  necessary  detail  of  troops  to  prevent  trespassers  or  intruders  from  entering  the 
Sequoia  National  Park,  the  Yosemite  National  Park,  and  the  General  Grant  National  Park,  respec- 
tively, in  California,  for  the  purpose  of  destroying  the  game  or  objects  of  curiosity  therein,  or  for  any 
other  purpose  prohibited  by  law  or  regulation  for  the  government  of  said  reservations,  and  to  remove 
such  persons  from  said  parks  if  found  therein.    Act  of  June  6, 1900  {31  Stat.  L.  618). 

The  President  is  hereby  authorized  to  take  such  measures  as  shall  be  necessary  to  remove  and 
destroy  any  unlawful  inclosures  of  said  (public)  lands,  and  to  employ  civil  or  military  force  as  may 
be  necessary  for  that  purpose.    Act  of  February  %5,  1885  {23  Stat.  L.  321). 

THE  public  health. 

Sec.  4792.  The  quarantines  and  other  restraints  established  by  the  health  laws  of  any  State  respect- 
ing any  vessels  arriving  in,  or  bound  to,  any  port  or  district  thereof,  shall  be  duly  observed  by  the 
officers  of  the  customs  revenue  of  the  United  States,  by  the  masters  and  crews  of  tne  several  revenue 
cutters,  and  by  the  military  officers  commanding  in  any  fort  or  station  upon  the  seacoast;  and  all 
such  officers  of  the  United  States  shall  faithfully  aid  in  the  execution  of  such  quarantines  and  health 
laws,  according  to  their  respective  powers  and  within  their  respective  precincts,  and  -vs  they  shall  be 
directed,  from  time  to  time,  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury.    *    *    * 

extradition. 

Sec.  5275.  Whenever  any  person  is  delivered  by  any  foreign  government  to  an  agent  of  the  United 
States  for  the  purpose  of  being  brought  within  the  United  States  and  tried  for  any  crime  of  which  he 
is  duly  accused,  the  President  shall  have  power  to  take  all  necessary  measures  for  the  transportation 


ENFOKCEMENT    OF   THE    LAWS.  79 

and  safe-keeping  of  such  accused  person,  and  for  his  security  against  lawless  violence,  until  the  final 
conclusion  of  his  trial  for  the  crimes  or  offenses  specified  in  the  warrant  of  extradition,  and  until  his 
final  discharge  from  custody  or  imprisonment  for  or  on  account  of  such  crimes  or  offenses,  and  for  a 
reasonable  time  thereafter,  and  may  employ  such  portion  of  the  land  or  naval  forces  of  the  United 
States,  or  of  the  militia  thereof,  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  safe-keeping  and  protection  of  the  accused. 

NEUTRALITY. 

Sec.  528G.  Every  person  who,  within  the  territory  or  jurisdiction  of  the  United  States,  begins  or  sets 
on  foot,  or  provides  or  prepares  the  means  for,  any  military  expedition  or  enterprise,  to  be  carried  on 
from  thence  against  the  territory  or  dominions  of  any  foreign  prince  or  state  or  of  any  colony,  district, 
or  people  with  whom  the  United  States  are  at  peace,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  high  misdemeanor! 
and  shall  be  fined  not  exceeding  three  thousand  dollars  and  imprisoned  not  more  than  three  years! 

Sec.  5287.  *  *  *  In  every  case  in  which  a  vessel  is  fitted  out  and  armed,  or  attempted  to  be  fitted 
out  and  armed,  or  in  which  the  force  of  any  vessel  of  war,  cruiser,  or  other  armed  vessel  is  increased 
or  augmented,  or  in  which  any  military  expedition  or  enterprise  is  begun  or  set  on  foot,  contrary 
to  the  provisions  and  prohibitions  of  this  title;  and  in  every  case  of  the  capture  of  a  vessel  within 
the  jurisdiction  or  protection  of  the  United  States  as  before  defined;  and  in  every  case  in  which  any 
process  issuing  out  of  any  court  of  the  United  States  is  disobeyed  or  resisted  by  any  person  having  the 
custody  of  any  vessel  of  war,  cruiser,  or  other  armed  vessel  of  any  foreign  prince  or  state,  or  of  any 
colony,  district,  or  people,  or  of  any  subjects  or  citizens  of  any  foreign  prince  or  state,  or  of  any  col- 
ony, district,  or  people,  it  shall  be  lawful  for  the  President,  or  such  other  person  as  he  shall  have 
empowered  for  that  purpose,  to  employ  such  part  of  the  land  or  naval  forces  of  the  United  States  or 
of  the  militia  thereof  for  the  purj)ose  of  taking  possession  of  and  detaining  any  such  vessel,  with  her 
prizes,  if  any,  in  order  to  the  execution  of  the  prohibitions  and  penalties  of  this  title,  and  to  the 
restoring  of  such  prizes  in  the  cases  in  which  restoration  shall  be  adjudged,  and  also  for  the  purpose 
of  preventing  the  carrying  on  of  any  such  expedition  or  enterprise  from  the  territories  or  jurisdiction 
of  the  United  States  against  the  territories  or  dominions  of  any  foreign  prince  or  state,  or  of  any  col- 
ony, district,  or  people  with  whom  the  United  States^are  at  peace. 

Sec.  5288.  It  shall  be  lawful  for  the  President,  or  such  person  as  he  shall  empower  for  that  purpose, 
to  employ  such  part  of  the  land  or  naval  forces  of  the  United  States,  or  of  the  militia  thereof,  as  shall 
be  necessary  to  com-pel  any  foreign  vessel  to  depart  the  United  States  in  all  cases  in  which,  by  the 
laws  of  nations  or  the  treaties  of  the  United  States,  she  ought  not  to  remain  within  the  United  States. 

insurrection. 

Sec.  5297.  In  case  of  an  insurrection  in  any  State  against  the  government  thereof  it  shall  be  lawful 
tor  the  President,  on  application  of  the  legislature  of  such  State,  or  of  the  executive  when  the  legis- 
lature can  not  be  convened,  to  call  forth  such  number  of  the  militia  of  any  other  State  or  States 
which  may  be  applied  for  as  he  deems  sufficient  to  suppress  such  insurrection,  or,  on  like  application, 
to  employ  for  the  same  purposes  such  part  of  the  land  or  naval  forces  of  the  United  States  as  he 
deems  necessary. 

Sec.  5298.  Whenever,  by  reason  of  unlawful  obstructions,  combinations,  or  assemblages  of  persons, 
or  rebellion  against  the  authority  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States,  it  shall  become  impracti- 
cable, in  the  judgment  of  the  President,  to  enforce  by  the  ordinary  course  of  judicial  proceedings  the 
laws  of  the  United  States  within  any  Stiite  or  Territory,  it  shall  be  lawful  for  the  President  to  call 
forth  the  militia  of  any  or  all  the  States  and  to  employ  such  parts  of  the  land  and  naval  forces  of  the 
United  States  as  he  may  deem  necessary  to  enforce  the  faithful  execution  of  the  laws  of  the  United 
States  or  to  suppress  such  rebellion  in  whatever  State  or  Territory  thereof  the  laws  of  the  United 
States  may  be  forcibly  opposed  or  the  execution  thereof  forcibly  obstructed. 

Sec.  5259.  Whenever  insurrection,  domestic  violence,  unlawful  combinations,  or  conspiracies  in 
any  Stato  so  obstructs  or  hinders  the  execution  of  the  laws  thereof  and  of  the  United  States  as  to 
deprive  any  portion  or  class  of  the  people  of  such  State  of  any  of  the  rights,  privileges,  or  immunities 
or  protection  named  in  the  Constitution  and  secured  by  the  laws  for  the  protection  of  such  rights, 
privileges,  or  immunities,  and  the  constituted  authorities  of  such  Stiite  are  unable  to  protect  or  from 
any  cau^e  fail  in  or  refuse  protection  of  the  people  in  such  rights,  such  facts  shall  be  deemed  a  denial 
by  such  State  of  the  equal  protection  of  the  laws  to  which  they  are  entitled  under  the  Constitution 
of  the  United  States,  and  in  all  such  cases,  or  whenever  any  such  insurrection,  violence,  unlawful 
combination,  or  conspiracy  opposes  or  obstructs  the  laws  of  the  United  States  or  the  due  execution 
thereof,  or  impedes  or  obstructs  the  due  course  of  justice  under  the  same,  it  shall  be  lawful  for  the 
President,  and  it  shall  be  his  duty,  to  take  such  measures,  by  the  employment  of  the  militia  or  the 
land  and  naval  forces  of  the  United  States,  or  of  either,  or  by  other  means,  as  he  may  deem  necessary 
for  the  suppression  of  such  insurrection,  domestic  violence,  or  combinations. 

Among  the  laws  to  be  enforced  under  sections  5298  and  5299  are  the  following: 
(1)  Section  3995,  Revised  Statutes,  which  {irohibits  the  obstructing  or  retarding  the 
passage  of  the  mail,  and  all  other  lawa  relating  to  the  carrying  of  the  mails. 


80  ENFOECEMENT    OF   THE    LAWS, 

(2)  The  following  sections  of  an  act  approved  July  2, 1890,  entitled: 

AN  ACT  to  protect  trade  and  commerce  against  unlawful  restraints  and  monopolies. 

Sec.  1.  Every  contract,  combination  in  the  form  of  trust  or  otherwise,  or  conspiracy  in  restraint  oi 
trade  or  commerce  among  the  several  States,  or  with  foreign  nations,  is  hereby  declared  to  be  illegal. 

Every  person  who  shall  make  any  such  contract  or  engage  in  any  such  combination  or  conspiracy 
shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and,  on  conviction  thereof ,  shall  be  punished  by  fine  not 
exceeding  five  thousand  dollars  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  one  year,  or  by  both  said  punish- 
ments, in  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

Sec.  3.  Every  contract,  combination  in  form  of  trust  or  otherwise,  or  conspiracy  in  restraint  of  trade 
or  commerce  in  any  Territory  of  the  United  States  or  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  or  in  restraint  of 
trade  or  commerce  between  any  such  Territory  and  another,  or  between  any  such  Territory  or  Ter- 
ritories and  any  State  or  States  or  the  District  of  Columbia^  or  with  foreign  nations,  or  between  the 
District  of  Columbia  and  any  State  or  States  or  foreign  nations,  is  hereby  declared  illegal. 

Every  person  who  shall  make  any  such  contract  or  engage  in  any  such  combination  or  conspiracy 
shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and,  on  conviction  thereof ,  shall  be  punished  by  fine  not 
exceeding  five  thovisand  dollars  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  one  year,  or  by  both  said  punish- 
ments, in  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

(3)  The  following  section  of  an  act  approved  July  2, 1864,  entitled: 

AN  ACT  granting  lands  to  aid  in  the  construction  of  a  railroad  and  telegraph  line  from  Lake  Superior 
to  Puget  Sound,  on  the  Pacific  coast,  by  the  northern  route. 

Sec.  11.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  said  Northern  Pacific  Railroad,  or  any  part  thereof,  shall  be 
a  post  route  and  a  military  road,  subject  to  the  use  of  the  United  Stf.,tes  for  postal,  military,  naval, 
and  all  other  Government  service,  and  also  subject  to  such  regulations  as  Congress  may  impose 
restricting  the  charges  for  such  Government  transportation. 

(4)  The  following  section  of  an  act  approved  July  1, 1862,  entitled: 

AN  ACT  to  aid  in  the  construction  of  a  railroad  and  telegraph  line  from  the  Missouri  River  to  the 
Pacific  Ocean,  and  to  secure  to  the  Government  the  use  of  the  same  for  postal,  military,  and  other 
purposes. 

(The  Union  and  Central  Pacific  Railway  companies.) 

Sec.  6.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  grants  aforesaid  are  made  upon  condition  that  said  com- 
pany shall  pay  said  bonds  at  maturity  and  shall  keep  said  railroad  and  telegraph  line  in  repair  and 
u^e,  and  shall  at  all  times  transmit  dispatches  over  said  telegraph  line  and  transport  mails,  troops, 
and  munitions  of  war,  supplies,  and  public  stores  upon  said  railroad  for  the  Government  whenever 
required  to  do  so  by  any  department  thereof,  and  that  the  Government  shall  at  all  timej  have  the 
preference  in  the  use  of  the  same  for  all  the  purposes  aforesaid.    *    *    * 

(5)  The  following  sections  of  an  act  approved  July  27,  1866,  entitled: 

AN  ACT  granting  lands  to  aid  in  the  construction  of  a  railroad  and  telegraph  line  from  the  States  of 
Missouri  and  Arkansas  to  the  Pacific  coast. 

Sec.  11.  And  be  it  further  enacted.  That  said  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad,  or  any  part  thereof,  shall 
be  a  post  route  and  military  road,  subject  to  the  use  of  the  United  States  for  postal,  military,  naval, 
and  all  other  Government  service,  and  also  subject  to  such  regulations  as  Congress  may  impose 
restricting  the  charges  for  such  Government  transportation. 

Sec.  18.  And.  be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  Southern  Pacific  Railroad,  a  company  incorporated  under 
the  laws  of  the  State  of  California,  is  hereby  authorized  to  connect  with  the  said  Atlantic  and  Pacific 
Railroad,  formed  under  this  act,  at  such  point  near  the  boundary  line  of  the  State  of  California  as  they 
shall  deem  most  suitable  for  a  railroad  line  to  San  Francisco,  and  shall  have  a  uniform  gauge  and 
rate  of  freight  or  fare  with  said  road;  and  in  consideration  thereof,  to  aid  in  its  construction,  shall 
have  similar  grants  of  land,  subject  to  all  the  conditions  and  limitations  herein  provided,  and  shall 
be  required  to  construct  its  road  on  the  like  regulations,  as  to  time  and  manner,  with  the  Atlantic 
and  Pacific  Railroad  herein  provided  for. 

Sec.  5316.  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  take  any  vessel  or  cargo  detained  under  the  preceding  section 
[sec.  5315]  from  the  custody  of  the  proper  officers  of  the  customs,  unless  by  process  of  some  court  of 
the  United  States;  and  in. case  of  any  attempt  otherwise  to  take  such  vessel  or  cargo  by  any  force,  or 
combination,  or  assemblage  of  persons  too  great  to  be  overcome  by  the  officers  of  the  customs  the 
President,  or  such  person  as  he  shall  have  empowered  for  that  purpose,  may  employ  such  part  of  the 
Army  or  Navy  or  militia  of  the  United  States,  or  such  force  of  citizen  volunteers,  as  may  be  necessary 
to  prevent  the  removal  of  such  vessel  or  cargo  and  to  protect  the  officers  of  the  customs  in  retaining 
the  custody  thereof.  , 

GUANO  ISLANDS. 

Sec.  5577.  The  President  is  authorized,  at  his  discretion,  to  employ  the  land  and  naval  forces  of  the 
United  States  to  protect  the  rights  of  the  discoverer  [of  a  guano  island]  or  of  his  widow,  heir,  executor, 
administrator,  or  assigns. 


ENFORCEMENT    OF   THE    LAWS.  81 

565.  Officers  of  the  Army  will  not  permit  troops  under  their  command  to  be  used 
to  aid  the  civil  authorities  as  a  posse  comitatus,  or  in  execution  of  the  laws,  except  as 
provided  in  the  foregoing  paragraph. 

566.  If  time  will  admit,  applications  for  the  use  of  troops  for  such  purposes  must 
be  forwarded,  with  statements  of  all  material  facts,  for  the  consideration  and  action 
of  the  Tresident ;  but  in  case  of  sudden  and  unexpected  invasion,  insurrection,  or  riot, 
endangering  the  pu])lic  property  of  the  United  States,  or  in  case  of  attempted  or 
threatened  robbery  or  interruption  of  the  Unhed  States  mails,  or  other  equivalent 
emergency  so  imminent  as  to  render  it  dangerous  to  await  instructions  requested 
through  the  speediest  means  of  communication,  an  officer  of  the  Army  may  take  such 
action  before  the  receipt  of  instructions  as  the  circumstances  of  the  ca^e  and  the  law 
under  which  he  is  acting  may  justify,  and  will  promptly  report  his  action  and  the 
circumstances  requiring  it  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  by  telegraph,  if  pos- 
sible, for  the  information  of  the  President. 

567.  In  the  enforcement  of  the  laws  troops  are  employed  as  a  part  of  the  military 
power  of  the  United  States  and  act  under  the  orders  of  the  President  as  Commander 
in  Chief.  They  can  not  be  directed  to  act  under  the  orders  of  any  civil  officer.  The 
commanding  officers  of  troops  so  employed  are  directly  responsible  to  their  military 
superiors.  Any  unlawful  or  unauthorized  act  on  their  part  would  not  be  excusable 
on  the  ground  of  an  order  or  request  received  by  them  from  a  marshal  or  any  other 
civil  officer. 

568.  Troops  called  into  action  against  a  mob  forcibly  resisting  or  obstructing  the 
execution  of  the  laws  of  the  United  States  or  attempting  to  destroy  property  belong- 
ing to  or  under  the  protection  of  the  United  States  are  governed  by  the  general  regu- 
lations of  the  Army  and  apply  military  tactics  in  respect  to  the  manner  in  which  they 
shall  act  to  accomplish  the  desired  end.  It  is  purely  a  tactical  question  in  what  man- 
ner they  shall  use  the  weapons  with  which  they  are  armed — whether  by  fire  of  mus- 
ketry and  artillery  or  by  the  use  of  the  bayonet  and  saber,  or  by  both,  and  at  what 
stage  of  the  operations  each  or  either  mode  of  attack  shall  be  employed.  This  tacti- 
cal question  will  be  decided  by  the  immediate  commander  of  the  troops,  according  to 
his  judgment  of  the  situation.  The  fire  of  troops  should  be  withheld  until  timely 
warning  has  been  given  to  the  innocent  who  may  be  mingled  with  the  mob.  Troops 
nuist  never  fire  into  a  crowd  unless  ordered  by  their  commanding  officer,  except  that 
single  selected  sharpshooters  may  shoot  down  individual  rioters  who  have  fired  upon 
or  thrown  missiles  at  the  troops.  As  a  general  rule  the  ])ayonet  alone  should  be  used 
agamst  mixed  crowds  in  the  first  stages  of  a  revolt.  But  as  soon  as  sufficient  warn- 
ing has  been  given  to  enable  the  innocent  to  separate  themselves  from  the  guilty,  the 
action  of  the  troops  should  be  governed  solely  by  the  tactical  considerations  involved 
in  the  duty  they  are  ordered  to  perform.  They  should  make  their  blows  so  effective 
as  to  promptly  suppress  all  resistance  to  lawful  authority,  and  should  stop  the  destruc- 
tion of  life  the  moment  lawless  resistance  has  ceased.  Punishment  belongs,  not  to 
the  troops,  but  to  the  courts  of  justice. 

22778—03 6 


82  CEMETERIES. 

ARTICLE  lilV. 

Cemeteries.  -^ 

national  cemeteries. 

569.  National  cemeteries,  and  the  records  pertaining  thereto,  are  nnder  the  charge 
of  the  Quartermaster-General.  All  correspondence  between  his  office  and  the  officers 
of  his  department  in  charge  thereof,  and  the  civil  engineers  and  agents  especially 
employed  in  connection  therewith,  also  the  monthly  reports  of  superintendents,  will 
be  forwarded  direct  to  him. 

BATTLE-GROUND   CEMETERIES. 

570.  In  order  to  secure,  as  far  as  possible,  the  decent  interment  of  those  who  fall 
in  battle,  it  is  the  duty  of  commanding  generals  to  set  apart  a  suitable  spot  near  every 
battlefield,  and  to  cause  the  remains  of  the  killed  to  be  there  interred.  Headboards 
will  be  placed  at  the  graves,  each  bearing  the  number  of  the  grave  and  the  name  of 
the  person  buried  therein.  A  register  of  the  burial  ground  will  be  preserved,  in 
which  will  be  entered  the  location  of  each  grave  and  the  descriptive  numbers  and 
names  which  appear  on  the  headboards.  ' 

571.  Where  conditions  make  it  possible  every  grave  must  be  carefully  marked  by 
a  headboard,  with  the  name,  rank,  and  organization  of  the  deceased,  and  the  com- 
pany commander  will  be  held  responsible  to  the  extent  of  marking  the  graves  of 
men  of  his  company  who  die  or  are  killed  on  the  field.  He  will  report  through  the 
proper  military  channels  the  date  and  cause  of  death,  stating  the  location  of  grave 
and  hoAv  marked.  When  a  soldier  dies  in  hospital  the  surgeon  in  charge  will  be 
held  responsible  for  similar  action  and  report. 

POST   CEMETERIES. 

572.  The  commanding  officer  of  every  post  situated  on  public  lands  of  the  United 
States  will  see  that  a  suitable  portion  of  such  land  is,  when  practicable,  set  apart  and 
properly  maintained  for  the  burial  of  deceased  officers  and  soldiers  and  their  families, 
and  of  Government  employees. 

573.  Post  cemeteries  will  be  suitably  inclosed  with  a  wall  or  fence  of  the  best 
material  available,  and  will  be  maintained  by  the  labor  of  the  garrison.  Materials 
for  the  construction  and  repair  of  fences  and  headboards  will  be  furnished  by  the 
Quartermaster's  Department. 

574.  At  each  grave  will  be  j)laced  a  headboard,  plainly  marked  with  a  number, 
and  with  the  name,  company,  regiment,  and  date  of  death  of  the  occupant,  the  num- 
ber to  correspond  to  the  number  in  the  record  of  interments.  Headboards  will  be  of 
well-seasoned  wood,  painted  with  three  coats  of  white  paint,  four  feet  long,  ten  inches 
wide,  one  and  three-eighths  inches  thick,  and  stand  two  feet  out  of  the  ground;  the 
inscriptions  in  black  letters  one  inch  long. 

575.  Walks  will  be  four  feet  wide,  neatly  rounded,  and  properly  drained  and 
graveled  when  the  material  is  at  hand.  When  practicable,  good  grass  sod  should 
cover  the  rest  of  the  ground,  including  the  graves,  and  native  trees  and  shrubs  will 
be  preserved  or  planted  for  ornament  and  shade. 

576.  A  record  of  interments  will  be  kept  by  the  quartermaster,  which  will  be 
turned  over  by  him,  when  relieved,  to  his  successor  or  transmitted  to  the  Quarter- 
master-General if  the  post  be  discontinued. 

577.  A  report  containing  the  names  of  persons  buried  during  the  calendar  year, 
giving  in  each  case  number  and  locality  of  grave,  date  of  death  and  burial,  and  in 
case  of  an  officer  or  enlisted  man,  his  rank,  company,  and  regiment  or  corps,  .will  be 
forwarded  to  the  Quartermaster-General. 


I 


ADVERTISING.  83 

ARTICLE  LV. 

Advertising  and  Printing, 
newspaper  advertising. 

5T§.  Newspapers  officially  designatetl  for  publishing  War  Department  advertise- 
ments are  required  to  forward  to  the  chief  clerk  sworn  statements  of  the  commercial 
rates  charged  by  them  to  individuals,  with  their  usual  discounts,  and  of  any  changes 
made  in  the  same.  These  statements  will  give  the  size  of  type  used  in  the  advertise- 
ments and  show  whether  the  charges  are  made  ])y  the  inch,  line,  square,  or  folio, 
the  rate  for  the  first  and  subsequent  insertions,  and  if  by  the  square,  the  number  of 
lines  counted  as  such.  Fractional  parts  of  an  inch,  square,  or  folio  will  l^e  paid  for 
at  proportionate  rates.  When  charges  are  varied  in  accordance  with  amount  of  space 
occupied  or  period  of  publication,  the  statements  will  show  the  charges  for  from  one 
square  to  the  number  of  squares  contained  in  a  column,  inserted  from  one  to  thirty 
times. 

579.  The  heads  of  bureaus  of  the  War  Department  will  furnish  officers  charged 
with  the  pul)lication  of  advertisements  lists  of  newspapers  designated  by  the  Secre- 
tary of  War,  and  the  necessary  blanks  for  compliance  with  these  regulations. 

5§0.  Officers  will  observe  conciseness  in  wording  advertisements,  and  the  matter, 
including  the  heading  and  the  name  and  title  of  the  signing  officer,  must  be  set  up 
close  in  one  paragraph,  without  dash  or  blank  lines,  leading  or  display,  and  in  type 
no  larger  than  that  ordinarily  used  in  advertisements.  At  offices  and  depots  where 
proposals  are  frequently  invited  it  is  not  necessary  to  publish  in  each  case  the  condi- 
tions usually  imposed  upon  bidders  and  contractors;  a  statement  that  they  will  be 
furnished  on  application  will  suffice.  The  following  is  a  sample  of  advertisement  set 
up  m  accordance  with  these  requirements: 

Proposals  for  Fire  Hose.— Office  of  Building  for  State, 
War,  and  Navy  Departments,  Washington,  D.  C,  Nov.  5, 
1887. — Sealed  proposals  for  furnishing  and  delivering  unlined 
Linen  Hose,  Coupling,  and  Pipes,  for  west  and  center  wings 
of  building  for  State,  War,  and  Navy  Departments,  in  this 
city,  will  be  received  here  until  12  m.,  Nov.  7,  1887,  and  then 
opened.  Information  furnished  on  application.  Envelopes 
containing  proposals  should  be  indorsed  "Proposals  for  Fire 
Hose,"  and  addressed  Thos.  Lincoln  Casey,  Col.  Engrs. 

Advertisements  for  quartermaster's  supplies  will  conform  to  the  requirements  of 
section  3716,  Revised  Statutes. 

5§1.  No  official  advertisement  will  be  published  in  any  newspaper  except  under 
special  or  general  written  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War.  Special  authority  author- 
izes the  publication  of  a  given  advertisement  a  specified  number  of  times  in  a  designated 
newspaper  or  newspapers.  General  authority  is  granted  only  to  disbursing  officers 
engaged  in  making  frequent  purchases  and  contracts,  and  authorizes  the  publication, 
for  specified  periods,  in  designated  newspapers,  of  such  advertisements  for  proposals 
as  their  duties  may  require.  Due  economy  asi;o  the  number  of  newspapers  in  which 
an  advertisement  is  to  appear  will  be  observed  by  officers  having  general  authority 
to  advertise,  no  greater  number  being  used  in  any  case  than  may  be  necessary  to  give 
proper  and  sufficient  public  notice. 

5 §2.  Requests  for  authority  to  advertise  will  be  made  upon  the  prescribed  blank 
forms,  except  that  in  case  of  great  emergency,  the  nature  of  which  will  be  stated, 
authority  to  advertise  may  be  requested  by  telegraph. 

5§3.  Advertisements  in  newspapers  announcing  sales  of  property  or  inviting  pro- 
posals for  furnishing  labor  or  supplies,  will,  as  a  rule,  allow  thirty  days  to  intervene 
between  date  of  first  publication  and  date  of  sale  or  opening  of  bids.  If  necessity 
require,  a  shorter  period  may  be  allowed,  but  no  period  of  less  than  ten  days  will  be 
.esignated  except  in  case  of  emergency.     The  officer  who  is  accountable  for  property 


84  ADVEKTISING JOB    PRINTING. 

which  is  to  be  advertised  for  sale,  or  who  is  authorized  to  invite  proposals  for  furnish- 
ing labor  or  supplies,  is  the  one  upon  whom  devolves  the  duty  of  determining 
whether  an  emergency  exists  warranting  the  designation  of  a  period  less  than  ten 
days  for  the  jTublication  of  the  advertisement.  No  officer  will  authorize  the  pub- 
lication of  an  advertisement  beyond  the  morning  of  the  day  on  which  the  sale  or 
opening  of  bids  is  to  occur,  and  no  payments  will  be  made  for  continuing  such 
publication  beyond  the  period  authorized. 

584.  Ordinarily  advertisements  will  be  given  six  insertions  in  daily,  or  four  in 
weekly,  papers.  When  more  than  ten  days  are  to  intervene  between  the  date  of  the 
first  publication  and  the  date  of  opening,  those  in  daily  newspapers  inviting  pro- 
posals will  at  once  be  given  four  consecutive  insertions,  and  immediately  before  the 
date  of  opening,  two  consecutive  insertions.  In  case  of  emergency,  advertisements 
may  be  given  one  or  more  insertions,  as  time  and  circumstances  permit. 

5§5.  Vouchers  covering  bills  for  advertising  in  newspapers  must,  prior  to  pay- 
ment, be  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  War.  They  will  be  prepared  by  the  publisher, 
in  duplicate,  upon  prescribed  forms,  and  each  will  have  attached  a  copy  of  the 
advertisement  cut  from  the  newspaper.  No  voucher  will  contain  the  account  of 
more  than  one  newspaper,  nor  for  more  than  one  advertisement.  The  date  of  first 
and  subsequent  insertions;  number  of  lines,  squares,  or  folios;  number  of  insertions 
charged  and  ordered;  and  the  amount  charged  will  be  entered  in  the  proper  columns. 
The  column  headed  ''Amount  allowed"  will  be  left  blank,  The  receipt  should  be 
signed  in  duplicate  by  the  publisher  or  proprietor,  or  other  person  authorized  to 
receipt  for  money  in  the  name  of  the  jjaper.  Indorsed  on  the  voucher  will  appear 
a  copy  of  the  authority  of  the  War  Department  for  the  publication,  stating  its  num- 
ber. The  accounts  thus  prepared  will  be  forwarded  by  the  (certifying  officer  direct 
to  the  chief  clerk  of  the  War  Department,  with  an  indorsement  describing  the 
inclosures,  preferably  on  letter  of  authority,  or,  if  the  letter  of  authority  is  not  in 
the  hands  of  the  officer,  then  by  a  letter  of  transmittal. 

586.  Accounts  presented  to  officers  for  advertisements  which  they  did  not  order, 
but  which  are  shown  to  have  been  ordered  by  the  Secretary  of  War  to  be  published 
in  the  newspaper  presenting  the  accounts  for  payment,  will  be  prepared  upon  the 
official  forms  and  transmitted  to  the  chief  clerk  of  the  War  Department  in  the  same 
manner  as  other  accounts  for  advertising.  The  following  form  of  certificate  will  be 
used  in  such  cases: 

I  certify  that  the  annexed  advertisement  was  cut  from  the  newspaper  named  iu  tlie  above  account, 
and  that  it  was  inserted  in  that  newspaper  for  the  period  stated. 

Claims  of  publishers  of  official  newspapers  for  advertisements  copied  from  other 
papers  without  authority  from  the  Secretary  of  War  will  not  be  paid. 

587.  In  the  event  of  an  officer's  death  or  removal,  the  outstanding  bills  for 
advertisements  pertaining  to  his  office  will  be  prepared,  certified,  and  forwarded  by 
his  successor,  who  is  authorized  to  vary  the  form  to  correspond  to  the  facts.  Officers 
changing  stations  will  leave  with  their  successors  complete  records  relative  to 
unsettled  accounts  for  advertising. 

JOB    PRINTING. 

588.  The  printing  required  at  the  several  department  headquarters  will  be  exe- 
cuted under  contract,  thirty  days'  notice,  when  practicable,  being  given  of  the  open- 
ing of  proposals.  Bids  will  be  invited  Wid  contracts  made  in  accordance  with  the 
form  of  proposal  and  circular  of  instructions  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's 
Department.  The  period  of  the  contract  will  not  extend  beyond  the  end  of  the 
fiscal  year  in  which  made,  and  the  contract  will  be  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of 
War. 

589.  Vouchers  covering  bills  for  printing  for  department  headquarters  will,  prior 
to  payment,  be  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  except  for  printing  done  in  the 


PRINTING ^PURCHASE    OF    SUPPLIES.  85 

Philippine  Islands  or  in  foreign  countries  near  thereto,  where  they  will  be  subject  to 
the  approval  of  the  commanding  general  of  the  division,  or  of  the  department  in 
case  there  be  no  division.  They  will  be  made  out  on  prescribed  forms,  the  printing 
to  be  so  described  as  to  enable  computations  to  be  readily  reviewed  according  to  the 
customary  methods  in  use  among  book  and  job  printers.  A  sample  of  the  printing 
will  accompany  each  bill,  and  on  vouchers  for  work  classed  as  "special"  in  the  cir- 
cular of  instructions,  the  number  of  copies  and  rate  per  hundred  will  be  stated,  and 
on  vouchers  for  other  jobs  the  date  of  printing,  number  of  copies,  name  and  amount 
of  type  (number  of  thousand  ems),  number  of  tokens  of  press  work,  and  rates  per 
thousand  ems  and  per  token  will  be  stated.  The  voucher  will  show  grade  and  quan- 
tity of  paper  furnished  by  the  printer  and  price  charged.  The  vouchers  thus  pre- 
pared, with  the  certificate  of  the  officer  ordering  the  work,  as  to  its  necessity  and 
propriety,  will  T)e  forwarded  direct  to  the  chief  clerk  of  the  War  Department,  with 
a  letter  of  transmittal  describing  the  indosures,  except  for  printing  done  in  the  Phil- 
ippine Islands  or  in  foreign  countries  near  thereto,  in  which  case  the  vouchers  will 
be  transmitted  to  the  division  commander. 

590.  Printed  letter  and  note  headings  for  department  headquarters  will  contain 
only  the  designation  of  the  headquarters,  the  office  to  which  the  correspondence  per- 
tains, post-office  address,  and  blank  date.  Those  for  posts,  regiments,  and  schools  of 
instruction  will  contain  only  the  designation  of  the  post,  regiment  or  school,  post- 
office  address,  and  blank  date.  Names  of  officers  or  other  persons  will  not  be  printed 
on  letter  or  note  headings  for  use  in  any  branch  of  the  military  service. 

59 1 .  Necessary  printing  in  special  cases  not  covered  by  contracts  for  printing  for 
department  headquarters  will,  as  far  as  practicable,  be  done  by  contract  after  compe- 
tition, awards  being  made  to  the  lowest  responsible  bidders.  These  contracts  and 
all  vouchers  covering  the  service  will  also  be  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

59^.  Officers  will,  as  a  rule,  obtain  all  blank  forms,  blank  books,  etc.,  by  requisi- 
tion upon  the  heads  of  the  proper  staff  departments. 

ARTICLE  LVI. 

Purchase  op  Supplies  and  Engagement  of  Services, 
general  provisions. 

593.  No  contract  or  purchase  on  behalf  of  the  United  States  shall  be  made  unless 
the  same  is  authorized  by  law,  or  is  under  an  appropriation  adequate  to  its  fulfill- 
ment, except  for  clothing,  subsistence,  forage,  fuel,  quarters,  or  transportation,  which, 
however,  shall  not  exceed  the  necessities  of  the  current  year.  (R.  S.,  3732.)  No 
officer  of  the  United  States  shall  accept  voluntary  service  for  the  Government  or 
employ  personal  service  in  excess  of  that  authorized  by  law,  except  in  case  of  emer- 
gency involving  loss  of  life  or  destruction  of  property.     (Act  approved  May  1,  1884.) 

594.  The  labor  of  troops  or  Governinent  employees,  or  Government  means  of 
transportation,  will  not  be  used  to  enable  contractors  to  fulfill  contracts,  except  in 
cases  of  manifest  necessity,  and  then  only  on  the  written  authority  of  the  proper 
commander.     Full  deduction  will  be  made  for  Government  services  when  rendered. 

595.  Articles  of  foreign  production  or  manufacture  for  the  service  of  the  United 
States  will  not  be  purchased  abroad  for  importation  without  special  authority  from 
the  Secretary  of  War. 

596.  Supplies,  and  services  not  personal,  required  in  the  various  departments  and 
posts  of  the  Army  will  be  procured  where  they  can  be  purchased  the  cheapest, 
quality  and  cost  of  transportation  and  the  interests  of  the  Government  in  the  case  of 
supplies  being  considered : 

1.  After  public  notice  inviting  proposals  for  thirty  days  or  more,  or  for  ten  days  or 
more  but  less  than  thirty  days,  or  for  less  than  ten  days,  according  to  the  needs  o^ 
the  service. 

2.  Without  public  notice. 


86  ADVERTISING PROPOSALS. 

Personal  services  are  such  as  the  individual  employed  or  contracted  with  must 
perform  in  person  directly  under  the  control  and  supervision  of  an  officer  or  agent 
of  the  Government,  as  distinguished  from  services, the  performance  of  which  may  be 
delegated  by  the  contractor  to  others.  Bills  rendered  for  such  services  must  contain 
no  charge  for  material. 

597.  An  officer  charged  with  the  duty  of  making  a  contract  or  purchase  is  respon- 
sible under  the  laws  and  regulations  for  his  action.  Permission  or  orders  to  make  a 
contract  or  purchase  without  inviting  competition  will  not  justify  the  procedure,  and 
will  not  be  given. 

ADVERTISING    FOR   PROPOSALS. 

598.  In  cases  of  large  purchases  a  period  of  thirty  or  more  days  should  intervene 
between  date  of  first  publication  and  of  opening  proposals.  In  small  purchases,  from 
ten  to  thirty  days  should  intervene,  and  when  the  public  exigency  (constituting  an 
emergency )  does  not  permit  ten  days  to  intervene,  the  period  should  be  for  as  many 
days  as  the  circumstances  will  permit.  The  existence  of  such  emergency  is  to  be 
determined  by  the  officer  upon  whom  the  duty  of  making  the  purchase  devolves. 
Advertising  for  proposals  by  newspapers,  in  accordance  with  Article  LV,  will  be 
adopted  when  time  permits,  and  the  quantity  or  value  of  the  purchase,  or  character 
of  the  services,  in  the  opinion  of  the  purchasing  officer,  will  justify  the  expense. 
When  notice  of  less  than  thirty  daysJs  given,  advertising  by  circulars  (sent  to  prin- 
cipal dealers  in  the  localities  where  the  supplies  or  services  are  desired,  and  posted 
in  public  places)  is  permissible.  A  purchasing  officer  may  advertise  by  newspapers 
and  circulars  at  the  same  time. 

599.  When  advertisements  or  specifications  thereunder  do  not  announce  fixed 
standards  for  articles  required,  they  should  be  so  worded  as  to  permit  bids  to  be  con- 
sidered item  by  item,  and  awards  to  be  made  for  the  most  suitable  articles  of  each 
kind  offered. 

600.  Whenever  it  is  intended  to  require  that  guaranties  shall  accompany  pro- 
posals, that  fact,  the  amounts  in  which  the  guarantors  are  to  justify,  and  the  periods 
to  be  allowed  after  the  award  for  the  execution  of  contract  papers  and  bonds  will  be 
stated  in  the  advertisement  or  specification. 

601.  Advertisements  inviting  proposals  will  ordinarily  be  issued  by  the  officer 
who  is  to  make  the  contract  or  purchase;  in  special  cases,  if  competent  authority  so 
direct,  they  may  be  issued  by  any  other  officer. 

602.  A  copy  of  -each  advertisement  and  specification  will  be  promptly  forwarded 
by  the  officer  issuing  it  direct  to  the  proper  bureau  of  the  War  Department,  together 
with  all  information  required  for  a  complete  understanding  of  the  necessity  for  the 
proposed  contract  or  purchase,  and  in  case  of  notice  by  circular  there  will  be  indorsed 
on  it  the  names  of  persons  to  whom  sent,  and  if  issued  for  a  period  of  less  than  ten 
days,  the  reason  why  a  longer  period  M-as  not  allowed  will  be  stated.  The  forward- 
ing of  these  notices  at  time  of  issuing  may  be  dispensed  with  at'the  discretion  of  the 
chief  of  bureau  to  which  the  proposed  contract  or  purchase  pertains. 

PROPOSALS. 

603.  Information  in  regard  to  supplies  or  services  for  which  proposals  have  been 
invited  will  be  furnished  on  application  to  all  persons  desiring  it,  but  no  person 
belonging  to,  or  employed  in  the  military  service  will  render  assistance  in  the  prep- 
aration of  proposals. 

604.  Bidders  for  supplies  will  be  informed  of  the  kind,  quantity,  and  quality  of 
articles  required,  the  place,  time,  and  rate  of  delivery,  and  conditions  of  payment. 
They  will  be  furnished  with  such  specifications  as  have  been  adopted,  and  will  be 
permitted  to  examine  the  standard  samples  at  the  places  where  deposited. 


PBOPOSALS.  8? 

605.  Bidders  for  labor  will  be  informed  of  the  nature  and  extent  of  the  services 
required,  where  they  are  to  be  performed,  and  the  time  allowed  for  performance. 
They  will  be  furninhed  with  or  allowed  to  examine  plans  and  specification h  of  all 
works  upon  which  they  desire  to  bid,  and  in  general  will  be  furnished  with  any 
information  needed  to  enable  them  to  act  understandingly. 

606.  No  person  will  he  informed,  directly  or  indirectly,  of  the  name  of  anyone 
intending  to  bid,  or  not  to  bid,  or  to  whom  information  in  respect  to  proposals  has 
been  given. 

607.  Proposals  should  be  prepared  in  duplicate,  or  in  triplicate  if  required,  in 
strict  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the  advc^rtisement  or  specifications;  they 
should  iiiake  specific  reference  to  the  advertisement  and  to  any  i)Ians  or  specifications 
which  may  have  been  furnished.  Each  proposal  should  give  the  place  of  residence 
and  post-office  address  of  the  bidder,  with  county'.  State,  or  Territory,  and  should 
be  signed  by  the  bidder  with  his  usual  signature  in  full. 

60§.  A  proposal  by  a  person  who  affixes  to  his  signature  the  word  "president," 
"secretary,"  "agent,"  or  other  designation,  without  disclosing  his  principal,  is  the 
proposal  of  the  individual.  Proposals  by  a  corporation  should  be  signed  with  the 
name  of  the  corporation,  followed  by  the  signature  of  the  president,  secretary,  or 
other  person  authorized  to .  bind  it  in  the  matter,  who  should  file  evidence  of  his 
authority  to  do  so.  Proposals  by  a  firm  should  be  signed  with  the  firm  name  by  one 
of  the  members  of  the  firm.  If  the  signature  to  a  proposal  is  that  of  an  officer, 
attorney,  or  agent  of  the  corporation,  or  of  an  attorney  or  agent  of  a  firm  or  indi- 
vidual, and  his  authority  to  act  on  behalf  of  his  principal  is  not  a  matter  of  general 
notoriety  in  the  locality  where  the  proposals  are  opened,  the  officer  who  opens  such 
proposals  should,  before  considering  the  same,  satisfy  himself  that  the  signer  is  vested 
with  sufficient  authority  to  represent  his  principal  in  the  transaction. 

609.  In  proposals  numbers  and  prices  will  be  written  in  words  as  well  as 
expressed  in  figures;  but  when  a  great  variety  of  articles,  such  as  stationery,  hard- 
ware, etc.,  is  required,  quantities  and  prices  may,  if  the  amounts  involved  are  incon- 
siderable and  the  forms  of  proposals  so  indicate,  be  expressed  in  figures  only.  It 
will  be  sufficient  if  specifications  are  referred  to  and  are  declared  to  form  part  of 
the  proposal. 

610.  Erasures  or  interlineations  should  be  explained  by  the  bidder,  in  the  pro- 
posal, over  his  signature. 

611.  Guaranties,  signed  by  two  responsible  parties,  or  by  a  qualified  surety  com- 
pany, will  be  required  to  accompany  proposals  whenever,  in  the  opinion  of  the  officer 
authorized  to  make  the  contract,  they  are  necessary  to  protect  the  public  interests, 
and  when  so  required,  no  proposal  unaccompanied  by  a  guaranty,  made  in  manner 
and  form  as  directed  in  the  advertisement  or  specifications,  will  be  considered. 

612.  The  guaranty  will  be  in  duplicate,  or  in  triplicate  if  required,  and  will  be 
made  out  and  executed  with  the  necessary  justification,  in  accordance  with  blank 
forms  furnished  by  chiefs  of  bureaus.  The  certificate  of  sufliciency  of  guarantors  will 
be  executed  in  the  manner  prescribed  in  paragraph  642. 

613.  Proposals,  with  their  guaranties,  will  be  securely  sealed  in  suitable  envelopes, 
indorsed  and  addressed  as  required  by  the  advertisement,  and  must  be  in  the  posses- 
sion of  the  officer  addressed  before  the  hour  appointed  for  the  opening.  No  responsi- 
bility will  attach  to  an  officer  for  the  premature  opening  of  any  proposal  not  so 
indorsed  as  to  clearly  show  its  character. 

614.  When  an  advertisement  calls  for  proposals  to  furnish  labor  or  supplies  at 
more  than  one  place,  a  separate  proposal  will  be  made  for  performance  at  each  place, 
but  all  may  be  submitted  in  the  same  envelope. 


88  PROPOSALS AWARDS. 

615.  Proposals  received  prior  to  the  time  of  opening  will  be  securely  kept.  The 
officer  whose  duty  it  is  to  open  them  will  decide  when  that  time  has  arrived,  and  no 
proposal  will  thereafter  be  received. 

616.  Before  the  time  for  opening  any  bidder  may,  without  prejudice, -withdraw 
from  competition  by  giving  written  notice  of  his  decision  to  the  officer  holding  his 
bid,  and  when  his  bid  is  reaches!  at  the  opening  it  will  be  returned  to  him  or  his 
authorized  agent  unread. 

617.  Proposals  will  l)e  opened  and  read  aloud  at  the  time  and  place  appointed  for 
the  opening  (bidders  having  the  right  to  be  present),  and  each  proposal  will  then 
and  there  be  numbered  and  entered  on  an  abstract,  the  articles  being  entered  in  the 
order  in  which  they  are  to  appear  on  the  returns.  Articles  to  be  procured  by  con- 
tract will  be  abstracted  separately  from  those  to  be  procured  on  written  acceptance. 
If  the  number  of  proposals  is  large,  those  relating  to  specific  articles  or  classes  of 
articles  may  be  entered  on  separate  abstracts.  The  number  of  each  proposal,  with  the 
quantities  and  prices  of  articles  offered  and  dates  of  delivery,  will  appear  in  the  proper 
columns,  and  a  copy  of  the  advertisement  or  notice  under  which  the  proposals  are 
received,  with  a  copy  of  the  specifications,  if  any,  will  be  attached  to  the  upper  left- 
hand  corner  of  the  abstract.  When  two  or  more  sheets  are  used  for  the  abstract,  they 
will  be  properly  fastened  together  and  paged  on  the  upper  right-hand  corner. 

618.  Proposals  will  be  separately  folded  and  numbered  as  vouchers  to  the  abstract. 
They  will  not  be  fastened  together  nor  to  contracts,  except  to  the  copy  required  to  be 
sent  to  the  Eeturns  Office. 

619.  When  proposals  are  received  at  a  post,  unless  by  an  officer  authorized  to 
make  the  award,  as  in  cases  involving  small  expenditures,  they  and  the  abstract  will 
be  forwarded  to  department  headquarters,  with  the  recommendations  of  the  receiv- 
ing officer  and  the  post  commander  as  to  the  person  to  whom  the  award  should  be 
made.  When  a  purchasing  officer,  acting  under  the  direct  supervision  of  a  chief  of 
bureau,  has  invited  and  received  proposals,  he  will  make  the  award  and  execute  the 
necessary  papers,  unless  otherwise  directed  by  the  chief  of  bureau. 


620.  When  proposals  for  supplies  for  the  general  service  of  a  department  are 
received  at  its  headquarters,  the  chief  officer  of  that  branch  of  the  staff  to  which 
they  pertain  will  submit  them  to  the  department  commander,  and,  under  his  super- 
vision, will  make  the  award  and  execute  the  necessary  papers,  unless,  under  existing 
orders,  the  action  of  higher  authority  is  necessary. 

621.  Except  in  rare  cases,  when  the  United  States  elects  to  exercise  the  right  to 
reject  proposals,  awards  will  be  made  to  the  lowest  responsible  bona  fide  bidder 
whose  proposal  for  furnishing  a  proper  article  is  not  unreasonable. 

622.  Slight  failures  on  the  part  of  a  bidder  to  comply  strictly  with  the  terms  of 
an  advertisement  should  not  necessarily  lead  to  the  rejection  of  his  bid,  but  the 
interests  of  the  Government  will  be  fully  considered  in  making  the  award. 

623.  Articles  of  domestic  production  or  manufacture  will  be  preferred  to  those  of 
foreign  origin,  cost  and  quality  being  equal. 

624.  Wh^n  no  guaranty  is  required,  bidders  must,  if  called,  upon  by  the  award- 
ing officer,  furnish  satisfactory  evidence  before  the  award  is  made  of  tlieir  ability  to 
carry  their  proposals  into  effect. 

625.  The  accepted  quantity  and  price  will  be  noted  on  the  abstract  of  proposals 
in  the  column  of  "Remarks,"  opposite  the  name  of  the  bidder.  If  a  bid  is  rejected 
and  one  at  a  higher  price  accepted,  the  reason  for  the  rejection  will  be  written  in 
the  column  of  remarks.  When  contracts  are  made,  that  fact  will  be  stated  in  the 
abstract. 


ABSTEACTS METHODS    OF   PURCHASE.  89 

ABSTRACTS   OF   PROPOSALS. 

626.  A  copy  of  each  abstract,  in  those  cases  where  contracts  are  to  be  entered 
into,  made  as  directed  in  paragraphs  617,  619,  and  625,  accompanied  by  a  duphcate 
of  each  proposal  received,  will,  as  soon  as  considered,  be  forwarded  to  the  proper 
bureau  of  the  War  Department.  When  the  purchase  of  supplies  or  engagement  of 
services  is  made  through  written  proposal  and  written  acceptance  only,  the  abstract 
and  proposals  need  not  be  forwarded  unless  specially  directed. 

METHODS   OF   PURCHASE. 

627.  A  purchase  of  supplies  or  engagement  of  services  will  be  made: 

1.  By  contract,  "reduced  to  writing  and  signed  by  the  contracting  parties  with 
their  names  at  the  end  thereof."  Agreements  of  this  character  only  are  termed 
*  *  contracts ' '  in  these  regulations. 

2.  By  written  proposal  and  written  acceptance. 
8.  By  oral  agreement. 

When  delivery  or  j^erformance  does  not  immediately  follow  an  award  or  bargain, 
the  first  method  will  be  used.  When -delivery  or  performance  innnediately  follows 
an  award  or  bargain,  the  second  method  may  be  resorted  to. ' 

628.  Contracts  will  be  made  on  forms  furnished  by  the  chiefs  of  bureaus,  in  cages 
where  such  forms  are  applicable,  and  those  forms  will  be  modified  only  to  such 
extent  as  is  necessary.  All  conditions  will  be  stated  therein  as  fully  and  clearly  as 
possible. 

629.  Contracts  will  be  made  in  the  name  of,  and  will  be  signed  by,  the  officer 
designated  by  the  chief  of  bureau  to  which  the  contracts  pertain.  They  will  not  be 
made  at  posts  unless  ordered  by  superior  authority,  and  they  will  not  be  so  ordered 
unless  the  stores  or  services  required,  of  proper  quality  or  kind,  can  be  i)rocured  as 
cheaply  there  as  elsewhere. 

630.  When  a  contract  is  entered  into  with  a  partnership,  the  individual  names  of 
the  partners  should  be  given  in  the  body  of  the  instrument,  with  the  recitation  that 
they  are  partners  composing  a  firm,  which  should  be  named,  and  it  may  be  signed 
in  the  name  of  the  partnership  by  one  of  the  partners,  who  will  append  his  own 
signature  as  one  of  the  firm. 

631.  Contracts  made  in  the  Philippine  Islands  or  in  foreign  countries  near  thereto 
for  furnishing  supplies  and  rendering  services  other  than  personal  in  connection 
with  the  operations  of  the  Army  in  those  islands  or  in  such  countries  will  be  made 
by  and  in  the  names  of  the  officers  of  the  proper  supply  departments  for  and  on 
behalf  of  the  United  States,  and  will  be  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  (;ommanding 
general  of  the  division,  or  of  the  department  in  case  there  be  no  division,  where 
made,  to  whom  they  will  be  forwarded,  accompanied  by  the  abstract  required 
by  617,  and  who,  before  approval,  will  subject  them  to  careful  scrutiny  and  exercise 
the  intervening  authority  conferred  by  paragraph  832.  One  of  the  approved  numbers 
will  be  given  to  the  contractor,  one  will  be  filed  by  the  contracting  officer,  and  one 
will  be  sent  by  the  contracting  officer  direct,  or  through  the  chief  of  bureau,  to  the 
Returns  Office  of  the  Department  of  the  Interior  after  having  been  prepared  in  strict 
conformity  with  sections  3744  and  3746,  R.  S.,  and  paragraph  635.  The  number 
intended  for  the  chief  of  bureau  at  Washington  (accompanied  by  the  abstract  and 
bids  as  required  by  paragraph  626)  and  that  for  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department 
(accompanied  by  all  the  papers  required  by  paragraph  636,  and,  when  bond  is 
required,  by  one  number  of  the  bond)  will  after  approval  be  forwarded  through 
the  chief  of  the  proper  supply  department  of  the  division,  or  department  in  case 
there  be  no  division,  to  the  proper  chief  of  bureau  of  the  War  Department,  who  will 


90     •        PURCHASE contractors'  BONDS. 

submit  to  the  Secretary  of  War  any  serious  errors  or  defects  discovered.  The  reg- 
ular blank  forms  of  contracts  when  used  as  above  will  be  modified  accordingly  and 
the  alterations  fully  explained  over  the  signatures  of  the  contractting  parties. 

632.  A  contract  of  a  corporation  should  have  the  name  of  the  corporation  written 
in  the  body  of  the  instrument,  as  one  of  the  parties  thereto,  and  should  be  signed  by 
the  officer  or  person  who  has  been  authorized  to  contract  in  its  behalf,  who  should 
sign  the  corporate  name  and  his  own  and  affix  the  corporate  seal  if  there  be  one. 
The  contracting  officer  will,  in  all  cases,  satisfy  himself  that  the  signer  has  authority 
to  bind  the  corporation  and  will  either  require  from  him  satisfactory  evidence 
thereof,  and  file  the  same  with  the  contract,  or  will  certify  on  the  contract  that  he 
has  satisfied  himself  of  the  signer's  authority  and  has  waived  this  requirement.  If 
evidence  be  filed  with  the  contract,  it  should  consist  of  extracts  from  the  articles  of 
incorporation,  the  by-laws,  or  the  minutes  of  the  board  of  directors,  duly  certified  by 
the  custodian  of  such  records  under  the  corporate  seal  (if  there  be  one)  showing  the 
signer  to  be  properly  vested  with  authority  to  bind  the  corporation. 

633.  All  contracts  will  be  executed  in  quintuplicate.  One  is  for  the  contractor, 
one  for  the  contracting  officer,  one  for  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department,  one  for 
the  head  of  the  bureau  to  which  the  contract  pertains,  and  one  for  the  Returns  Office 
of  the  Interior  Department. 

634.  Upon  receipt  of  the  contract  in  quintuplicate  at  the  proper  bureau  it  will  be 
examined,  and  if  found  correct,  approved.  Should  any  illegality  be  discovered,  it 
will  be  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

635.  The  copy  intended  for  the  Returns  Office  will  be  sent  thereto  by  the  officer 
making  and  signing  the  same  as  soon  as  possible  after  the  contract  has  been  made 
and  approved,  and  within  thirty  days,  together  with  all  bids,  offers,  and  proposals 
made  by  persons  to  obtain  the  contract,  and  with  a  copy  of  the  advertisement;  all  of 
w^hich  will  be  fastened  together  by  a  ribbon  and  seal,  and  numbered  in  regular 
order,  with  the  affidavit  of  the  contracting  officer  appended  in  the  following  form: 

I  do  solemnly  swear  that  the  copy  of  contract  hereto  annexed  is  an  exact  copy  of  a  contract  made 

by  me  personally  with ;  that  I  made  the  same  fairly,  without  any  benefit  or  advantage 

to  myself,  or  allowing  any  such  benefit  or  advantage  corruptly  to  the  said or  any  other 

person;  and  that  the  papers  accompanying  include  all  those  relating  to  the  said  contract,  as  required 
by  the  statute  in  such  case  made  and  provided. 

636.  In  case  of  a  purchase  made  by  an  officer  of  the  Quartermaster's  or  Subsist- 
ence Department  after  public  notice  of  ten  days  or  more,  the  copy  intended  for  the 
Auditor  for  the  War  Department  must  be  accompanied  by  a  copy  of  the  advertise- 
ment, a  certificate  of  the  contracting  officer  as  to  the  time  and  manner  of  its  publica- 
tion, and  his  certificate  that  the  award  was  made  to  the  lowest  responsible  bidder  for 
the  best  and  most  suitable  article. 

637.  All  papers  relating  to  or  affecting  the  performance  of  any  contract  will  finally 
be  transmitted  to  the  bureau  of  the  War  Department  to  which  the  contract  pertains, 
except  as  provided  in  paragraph  786, 

contractors'  bonds. 

638.  Bonds  for  the  faithful  performance  of  contracts  for  supplies  or  service  will  be 
required  in  the  following  cases: 

1.  When  the  consideration  is  $3,000  or  more,  whatever  may  be  the  length  of  tin^.c 
required  for  the  full  performance  of  the  contract. 

2.  When  the  consideration  is  over  |250  but  less  than  $3,000  and  the  contract  can 
not  be  fully  performed  within  thirty  days  from  its  date. 

Bonds  may  be  exacted  or,  in  the  discretion  of  the  respective  chiefs  of  bureaus  con- 
cerned, waived  in  the  following  cases: 


BONDS SURETIES.  91 

1.  When  the  consideration  is  less  than  $3,000  and  the  contract  is  to  be  fully  per- 
formed within  thirty  days  from  its  date. 

2.  When  the  consideration  is  not  more  than  $250,  whatever  may  Ihj  the  length  of 
time  required  for  full  performance. 

8.  When  the  contract  is  for  furnishing  meals  to  recruits  and  recruiting  parties. 

The  amount  of  penalty  in  a  contractor's  bond  will  be  fixed  by  the  contracting  offi- 
cer, and  will  not  be  less  than  one-tenth  nor  more  than  the  full  amount  of  the  con- 
sideration of  the  contract. 

Nothing  in  this  paragraph  is  to  be  construed  as  authorizing  the  waiving  of  bonds 
required  under  paragraph  644. 

639.  When  bonds  for  the  faithful  performance  of  contracts  are  exacted  they  will 
be  made  and  executed  with  the  necessary  justification  and  certification  of  sufficiency 
of  sureties,  in  accordance  with  the  instructions  printed  on  the  blank  forms  of  con- 
tractors' bonds  furnished  by  the  chiefs  of  bureaus.  Such  bonds  must  be  executed 
by  the  contractor  as  principal  and  by  a  surety  company  or  by  at  least  two  suflScient 
and  responsible  persons,  who  must  be  citizens  of  the  United  States,  as  sureties.  Each 
must  affix  his  signature  and  seal,  and  each  signature  must  be  attested  by  at  least  one 
witness.  When  practicable  there  will  be  a  separate  witness  to  each  signature.  Sure- 
ties to  bonds  executed  in  any  foreign  country,  or  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  Cuba, 
Porto  Rico,  or  Hawaii,  for  the  performance  of  contracts  entered  into  in  those  places, 
need  not  be  citizens  of  the  United  States. 

640.  A  company  duly  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  United  States,  or  of  any 
State,  and  legally  authorized  to  guarantee  bonds,  may  be  accepted  as  surety  under 
the  conditions  prescribed  in  Article  LVI.  Lists  of  such  security  companies  as  have 
conformed  to  the  requirements  of  law  in  respect  to  registration  will  be  published  from 
time  to  time  by  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army.  A  firm,  as  such,  will  not  be 
accepted  as  surety,  nor  a  partner  for  a  copartner  or  firm  of  which  he  is  a  member. 
Stockholders  who  are  not  officers  of  a  corporation  may  be  accepted  as  sureties  for 
such  corporation. 

641.  A  guarantor,  or  the  guarantors,  to  a  bidder's  guaranty  may  be  accepted  as 
surety,  or  sureties,  to  the  bond  of  the  same  person  as  contractor,  provided  such 
guarantor  or  guarantors  are  able  to  Justify  as  required  for  the  bond. 

642.  The  sureties,  if  individuals,  must  jointly  justify  in  double  the  amount  of  the 
penalty.  The  affidavit  of  justification  must  be  taken  before  a  person  authorized  by 
the  laws  of  the  United  States,  State,  Territory,  or  District  to  administer  oaths.  •  Jus- 
tification will  be  followed  by  the  certificate  of  a  judge  or  clerk  of  a  United  States 
court,  a  United  States  district  attorney,  a  United  States  commissioner,  or  a  judge  or 
clerk  of  a  State  court  of  record,  with  the  seal  of  said  court  attached,  that  the  sureties 
are  known  to  him,  and  that,  to  the  best  of  his  knowledge  and  belief,  each  is  worth, 
over  and  above  all  debts  and  liabilities,  the  sum  stated  in  his  affidavit  of  justification. 
If  found  necessary,  separate  certificates  may  be  furnished  as  to  each  surety.  The 
affidavits  of  justification  of  sureties  to  contractors'  bonds  executed  in  any  foreign 
country,  or  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  Cuba,  Porto  Rico,  or  Hawaii,  may  be  taken 
before  a  notary  or  any  other  officer  having  a  seal  and  who  by  the  laws  of  the  place  is 
authorized  to  administer  such  oaths,  the  official  seal  of  the  notary  or  other  oflicer  to 
be  affixed.  The  certification  of  sufficiency  of  such  sureties  may  be  made  by  a  United 
States  consul,  if  any,  by  a  notary,  or  by  the  judge  or  clerk  of  any  court  in  such  place 
having  a  seal,  the  official  seal  of  the  officer  or  court  to  be  affixed.  The  regular  blank 
form.s  of  bonds  when  used  as  above  will  be  modified  accordingly  and  the  alterations 
will  be  fully  explained  over  the  signatures  and  seals  of  all  parties  to  the  bond. 

643.  Contractors'  bonds  will  be  executed  in  duplicate,  one  to  accompany  the  copy 
of  the  contract  which  is  sent  to  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department,  and  the  other 
retained  by  the  oflScer  who  makes  the  contract. 


92  ORAL    AGREEMENT REPORTS    OF    PURCHASES. 

644.  When  a  contract  is  entered  into  for  the  construction  of  any  public  building, 
or  the  prosecution  and  completion  of  any  public  work,  or  for  repairs  on  any  public 
building  or  public  work,  the  contractor  will  be  required,  before  entering  upon  per- 
formance of  the  same,  to  include  in  the  bond  given  for  the  faithful  performance  of 
the  contract  the  further  obligation  that  he  will  promptly  make  payments  to  all  per- 
sons who  supply  him  with  labor  and  materials  for  the  prosecution  of  the  work 
provided  for  in  such  contract.  A  certified  copy  of  this  contract  and  bond  will  be 
furnished  to  any  person  who  has  supplied  such  labor  or  materials  upon  his  applica- 
tion to  the  War  Department,  accompanied  by  an  affidavit  that  the  labor  or  materials 
have  been  supplied  by  him  and  have  not  been  paid  for  by  the  contractor. 

ORAL    AGREEMENT. 

645.  Subject  to  the  provisions  of  paragraph  627,  supplies  may  be  secured  and  serv- 
ices engaged  by  oral  agreement,  in  the  manner  common  among  business  men,  in  the 
following  cases: 

1.  In  an  emergency,  as  when  the  public  exigencies  require  immediate  delivery  of 
supplies  or  performance  of  services,  and  there  is  no  time  to  advertise  by  newspapers 
or  circulars. 

2.  When  it  is  impracticable  to  secure  competition. 

3.  When  proposals  have  been  invited  and  none  have  been  received. 

4.  AVhen  proposals  are  above  the  market  price  or  otherwise  unreasonable. 

5.  When  ' '  exceptional  articles ' '  are  purchased  by  the  Subsistence  Department. 

646.  Before  making  a  purchase  by  oral  agreement  the  ofiicer  will  inform  himself 
concerning  prevailing  prices  by  inquiry  among  principal  dealers  in  his  locality. 

647.  Open  purchases  for  the  military  service  on  or  near  an  Indian  reservation 
will  be  made  as  far  as  practicable  from  the  Indians,  under  the  conditions  set  forth 
in  paragraph  557,  when  fair  and  reasonable  rates,  not  exceeding  the  market  prices  in 
the  locality,  can  be  obtained. 

REPORTS   OP   PURCHASES. 

64 §.  An  officer  of  any  department  who  makes  an  open-market  emergency  pur- 
chase exceeding  $200  in  amount  will  transmit  with  his  monthly  money  accounts  a 
report  setting  forth  the  number  of  the  voucher,  the  date  and  place  of  purchase,  name 
of  seller,  the  kind  and  total  money  value  of  supplies  so  purchased,  and  the  reasons 
for  the  mode  adopted  in  each  case.  The  head  of  the  bureau  will  submit  these  reports 
to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

MARKING    SUPPLIES   BY    CONTRACTORS. 

649.  Contractors  furnishing  supplies  will  mark  and  distinguish  them  with  their 
names  and  with  such  other  designations  as  shall  be  directed  by  the  purchasing  officer. 


BONDS.  93 

ARTICLE  liVII. 

Bonds  of  Disbursing  Officers,  Bidders,  and  Contractors. 

65#.  Disbursing  officers  of  the  Qua^rtermaster's,  Subsistence,  and  Pay  departments, 
and  all  storekeepers,  before  entering  upon  the  duties  of  their  respective  offices,  will 
give  bonds  as  required  by  law.  Chiefs  of  bureaus  will  see  that  such  bonds  are  exam- 
ined as  to  sufficiency  of  sureties  at  least  once  in  two  years,  and  renewed  once  in  four 
years,  or  more  frequently  if  necessary. 

651.  Sureties  to  bonds  given  by  disbursing  officers  will  be  bound  jointly  and 
severally  for  the  whole  amount  expressed  therein,  and  must  satisfy  the  Secretary  of 
War  that  they  are  worth,  jointly,  double  such  amount,  each  surety  making  affidavit 
that  he  is  worth  that  sum  over  and  above  his  debts  and  liabilities,  and  stating  in  the 
affidavit  his  place  of  residence. 

652.  When  the  principal  of  the  bond  is  a  corporation,  a  copy  of  the  record  of  the 
selection  of  the  officers  executing  the  bond  in  its  behalf,  and  a  copy  of  the  by-law  or 
other  record  of  the  proceedings  of  the  governing  body  of  the  corporation,  showing 
their  authority  to  execute  the  same,  will  be  attached  to  the  bond;  these  copies  to 
be  certified  l)y  the  custodian  of  such  records,  under  the  seal  of  the  corporation,  to  be 
correct  copies. 

653.  Before  a  corporation  will  be  accepted  as  surety  there  must  be  filed  with  the 
Secretary  of  War  or  attached  to  the  bond  a  copy  of  the  record  of  the  selection  of  the 
officers  who  have  authority  to  execute  the  bond  or  bonds  on  behalf  of  the  company, 
as  well  as  a  copy  of  the  by-laws  or  other  records  showing  their  authority;  these 
copies  to  be  duly  certified  by  the  custodian  of  such  records,  under  the  seal  of  the  cor- 
poration, to  be  correct  copies.  There  will  also  be  filed  w  ith  the  Secretary  of  War  an 
itemized  statement  of  the  financial  condition  of  the  company,  showing  its  assets  and 
liabilities,  signed  and  sworn  to  by  the  president  and  secretary  of  the  company.  The 
financial  statement  will  be  furnished  quarterly  without  being  called  for,  and  the 
evidence  as  to  the  selection  of  the  officers  of  the  company  will  be  furnished  imme- 
diately after  their  election,  and  whenever  any  change  is  made  in  their  authority  to 
execute  bonds  evidence  thereof  will  be  immediately  furnished. 

654.  In  case  of  financial  embarrassment,  failure,  or  other  disqualifying  cause  on 
the  part  of  the  surety  to  a  bond,  the  Secretary  of  War  will  require  the  bond  to  be 
renewed  to  his  satisfaction,  upon  notification  to  the  principal.  Official  bonds  may 
not  be  renewed  at  the  will  of  the  principal  or  surety,  but  only  by  direction  of  the 
Secretary,  and  the  substitution  of  one  corporate  company  for  another  as  surety  on  a 
bond  will  not  be  permitted  except  by  direction  of  the  Secretary,  or  after  the  bond 
has  run  for  a  period  of  four  years,  when  a  renewal  thereof  is  required  by  law. 

655.  Before  a  corporation  will  be  accepted  as  surety  it  must  obtain  authority  in 
writing  from  the  Attorney-General  to  do  business,  under  the  act  of  August  13,  1894, 
and  must  file  with  the  Secretary  of  War  a  copy  of  such  authority,  duly  certified  as  a 
true  coi)y  by  the  Department  of  Justice. 

656.  Before  a  corporation  will  be  accepted  as  surety  on  the  bond  of  a  principal 
residing  in  a  State  or  Territory  other  than  the  one  in  which  it  was  incorporated  it 
must  comply  with  the  requirements  of  section  2  of  act  of  August  13,  1894,  as  to  the 
appointment  of  an  agent  on  whom  process  may  be  served,  etc.,  and  must  file  with 
the  Secretary  of  W^ar  a  copy  of  the  power  of  attorney  to  such  agent,  authenticated 
under  the  seal  of  the  United  States  district  court  for  the  judicial  district  within  which 
the  agent  resides,  or  the  certificate  of  the  Department  of  Justice  that  the  company 
has  complied  with  the  provisions  of  section  2  of  said  act  of  August  13,  1894. 

657.  The  principal  and  surety  must  sign  and  seal  the  bond.  The  corporate  seal 
of  the  corporation  must  be  affixed  to  the  bond  by  some  person  duly  authorized,  who 
must  also  aflix  the  name  of  the  corporation  to  it,  followed  by  his  own  signature  and 
official  designation  written  after  the  word  "by."  The  names  and  places  of  business 
of  the  principal  and  surety  must  be  written  in  the  body  of  the  bond. 


94  THE    PUBLIC    MONEYS DISBUESING    OFFICERS. 

ARTICLE  LVIII. 

Money  Accountability, 
public  moneys, 

658.  The  use  of  moneys  for  purposes  other  than  those  for  which  appropriated, 
liquidation  of  habihties  of  one  fiscal  year  by  use  of  moneys  approj^riated  for  another, 
and  expenditures  in  a  fiscal  year  of  any  sum  in  excess  of  appropriations  for  that 
year,  or  involving  the  Government  in  any  contract  for  future  payment  of  money  in 
excess  of  appropriations,  except  as  authorized  by  paragraph  593,  are  prohibited. 

659.  Chiefs  of  bureaus  will  see  that  funds  in  the  hands  of  a  disbursing  officer  are 
limited  to  his  requirements  for  a  brief  period,  and  that  as  much  as  practicable  of 
public  moneys  placed  to  his  credit  is  kept  with  the  Treasurer  or  an  assistant  treas- 
urer of  the  United  States.  Estimates  for  funds  should  state  the  most  convenient 
places  of  deposit. 

660.  Lists  of  national-bank  depositories  designated  for  the  use  of  disbursing  offi- 
cers, with  the  amounts  of  securities  filed  by  each  with  the  United  States  Treasurer, 
will  be  published  from  time  to  time  in  orders  from  the  Adjutant-General's  Office. 

661.  Where  there  are  two  or  more  designated  depositories  in  the  same  place, 
credits  should  be  so  regulated  by  each  disbursing  officer  there  stationed  as  to  main- 
tain, as  far  as  possible  (by  deposits,  disbursements,  and  transfers),  a  proportion 
between  the  amount  of  his  credit  at  each  depository  and  the  amount  of  securities 
filed  by  it  with  the  United  States  Treasurer.  Transfers  from  one  depository  to 
another  are  not  authorized  except  through  the.  Treasury  Department. 

DISBURSING    OFFICERS. 

662.  When  an  officer  disburses  money  in  different  capacities,  his  deposits  and 
accounts  will  be  kept  distinct,  according  to  the  bureaus  to  which  they  i:>ertain. 

663.  Officers  serving  in  and  disbursing  funds  pertaining  to  more  than  one  staff 
department,  and  officers  assigned  to  duty  in  any  of  the  staff  departments,  will,  in 
issuing  checks,  confine  the  designation  of  their  official  capacity  to  their  rank  and  the 
particular  staff  department  on  account  of  which  the  checks  are  drawn. 

664.  Public  moneys  subject  to  disbursement  coming  into  the  hands  of  an  officer 
from  any  source  must  be  promptly  placed  by  him  to  his  credit  with  the  Treasurer  or 
an  assistant  treasurer  of  the  United  States,  or  a  duly  designated  depository,  or  trans- 
ferred to  a  disbursing  officer  of  that  branch  of  the  public  service  to  which  the  money 
pertains;  in  either  of  which  cases  a  receipt  will  be  oVjtained.  Exceptions  to  this  rule 
are  allowed  where  a  disbursing  officer  has  been  specially  authorized  by  the  Secretary 
of  War  to  keep  in  his  personal  possession,  at  his  own  risk,  the  public  moneys  which 
have  been  intrusted  to  him  for  disbursement,  and  money  in  hand  may  be  disbursed 
at  once  without  being  placed  in  depositories  if  payments  are  due.  The  amount  of 
subsistence  funds  which  a  recruiting  officer  or  commissary  may  keep  in  his  personal 
possession,  at  his  own  risk,  under  the  authority  conferred  by  paragraphs  665  and  666, 
respectively,  is  stated  in  orders  from  the  War  Department. 

665.  Recruiting  officers  stationed  at  i:>laces  where  there  is  no  treasurer  or  assist- 
ant treasurer  of  the  United  States  are  authorized  to  keep  on  hand  at  their  own 
risk  moneys  pertaining  to  the  appropriation  ' '  Subsistence  of  the  Army ' '  in  such 
restricted  amounts  as  may  be  necessary  for  facilitating  payments  of  public  creditors. 
In  places  where  there  is  a  Treasurer  or  Assistant  Treasurer  of  the  United  States  such 
funds  must  be  deposited  and  drawn  for  by  official  checks  to  be  obtained  from  those 
officers. 

666.  Officers  doing  subsistence  duty  at  other  places  than  where  the  Treasurer  or 
Assistant  Treasurer  of  the  United  States  is  located  will  make  application  to  the  Sec- 
retary of  War  through  proper  military  channels,  if  they  have  not  already  been 


DISBURSING    OFFICERS.  95 

authorized  to  keep  public  money  in  their  personal  possession,  for  authority  to  so 
keep,  at  their  own  risk,  such  specified  sums  as  in  their  opinion  may  ])e  necessary  to 
enable  them  to  make  at  their  posts  cash  payments  to  enlisted  men  from  time  to  time 
for  commutation  of  rations  while  traveling,  on  furlough,  etc.,  and  for  paying  them 
coffee  money  individually  when  ordered  to  travel  without  an  officer. 

When  it  may  be  necessary  to  draw  a  check  for  obtaining  money  to  l)e  kept  in  per- 
sonal possession  for  tlie  purposes  herein  set  fortli,  the  disbursing  officer  will  draw  it 
in  his  own  favor,  and  enter  under  the  heading  thereon  "Object  for  which  drawn," 
or  "On  account  of,"  the  following:  "To  hold  funds  in  personal  possession.  Author- 
ity S.  W. ,  190 — ."  Such  checks  will  not  be  stated  to  be  for  "pay- 
ments under  $20." 

667.  A  disbursing  officer  ceasing  to  act  as  suc;h  and  having  public  funds  to  his 
credit  in  any  office  or  bank  will  at  once  inform  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  stating 
what  checks  drawn  against  the  same  are  still  outstanding  and  unpaid. 

66 §.  All  amounts  of  money  held  at  the  end  of  each  fiscal  year  by  the  Treasurer, 
an  assistant  treasurer,  or  a  designated  depositary,  credited  to  a  disljursing  officer 
whose  account  has  remained  unchanged,  either  by  deposit  or  payment,  for  the  space 
of  three  years,  shall  be  covered  into  the  Treasury,  to  be  placed  to  the  credit  of  such 
officer  if  it  be  found  that  he  is  entitled  to  the  credit. 

669.  No  -officer  disbursing  money  for  the  military  service,  or  directing  the  dis- 
bursement thereof,  shall  be  concerned  individually,  directly  or  indirectly,  in  the 
purchase  or  sale  of  any  article  intended  for,  used  by,  or  pertaining  to  the  department 
of  the  public  service  in  which  he  is  engaged. 

670.  No  officer  or  clerk  of  a  disbursing  officer  shall  be  interested  in  the  purchase 
of  any  soldier's  certificate  of  pay  due,  or  any  other  claim  against  the  United  States. 

671.  Officers  or  agents  in  the  military  service  will  not  purchase  supplies  for  the 
Government  froni  any  other  person  in  the  military  service,  nor  contract  with  any 
such  person  to  furnish  supplies  or  service  to  the  Government,  nor  make  any  Govern- 
ment purchase  or  contract  in  which  such  person  shall  be  admitted  to  share  or 
receive  benefit. 

672.  If  any  disbursing  officer  shall  bet  at  cards  or  any  game  of  hazard,  his  com- 
manding officer  will  suspend  his  functions,  require  him  to  turn  over  all  public  funds 
in  his  keeping,  and  will  immediately  report  the  case  to  the  proper  bureau  of  the 
War  Department.  He  will  also  report  the  case  to  the  department  commander,  who 
will  at  once  convene  a  court-martial  for  the  trial  of  the  officer. 

673.  Every  disbursing  oflacer,  in  opening  his  first  account  and  before  issuing  any 
checks,  will  furnish  the  depositary  on  whom  the  checks  are  to  be  drawn  with  his 
official  signature,  duly  verified  by  some  officer  whose  signature  is  known  to  the 
depositary. 

674.  For  every  Treasury  draft  received  by  a  depositary  to  be  placed  to  the  official 
credit  of  a  disbursing  officer,  and  for  every  deposit  of  funds  made  by  the  officer  to 
his  official  credit,  subject  to  payment  of  his  checks,  a  receipt,  numbered  in  serial 
order,  and  giving  the  place  and  date  of  issue,  will  be  furnished  him  by  the  deposi- 
tary, setting  forth  the  character  of  the  funds,  i.  e.,  whether  coin  or  currency.  If  the 
credit  is  made  by  a  disbursing  officer's  check  transferring  funds,  the  essential  items 
of  the  check  will  be  enumerated,  and  if  by  a  Treasury  draft  the  warrant  number. 
The  title  of  the  officer  will  be  expressed,  and  the  title  of  the  account  will  also  show 
for  what  branch  of  the  public  service  it  is  kept.  The  receipt,  called  "a  disbursing 
officer's  receipt,"  will  be  retained  by  the  officer  in  v.hose  favor  it  is  made. 

675.  An  officer  is  not  authorized  to  insure  public  money  or  property,  and  he  will 
not  be  allowed  credit  for  any  expense  paid  for  the  collection  of  money  on  checks, 
except  as  provided  in  paragraph  41  for  military  attaches  serving  abroad. 


96  TRANSFERS  OF  FUNDS CHECKS. 

TKANSFERS. 

676.  Public  funds  will,  in  general,  be  transferred  as  follows:  Where  the  accounts 
are  both  in  the  same  office  or  bank,  the  officer  making  the  transfer  will  draw 
his  check  directing  the  depositary  to  place  a  stated  amount  to  the  official  credit 
of  the  officer  named  therein.  The  check  will  be  sent  to  the  depositary  and  not  to  the 
officer  in  whose  favor  it  is  drawn.  If  it  is  necessary  that  the  officer  to  whom  the 
funds  are  transferred  shall  receive  them  without  delay,  the  transferring  officer  may 
draw  his  check  and  transmit  the  same  direct  to  the  officer  requiring  them.  In  either 
case,  receipts  for  the  funds  are  sent  by  the  receiving  officer  and  the  corresponding 
invoices  are  sent  to  the  receiving  officer.  Transfers  of  public  funds  from  one  office  or 
bank  to  another  are  made  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  on  the  recommendation 
of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

677.  Funds  will  not  be  transferred  from  one  appropriation  for  the  use  of  another 
by  borrowing  or  otherwise. 

CHECKS. 

67§.  A  disbursing  officer  may  draw  his  check  in  favor  of  himself  "or  bearer,"  (a) 
for  making  payments  of  amounts  not  exceeding  $20;  such  checks  shall  bear  indorsed 
upon  them  the  names  of  the  persons  to  whom  the  amounts  drawn  are  to  be  paid,  or 
accompanied  by  a  list  or  schedule,  made  a  part  of  the  checks,  containing  the  same 
information;  for  making  payments  at  a  distance  from  a  depository;  or,  (b)  for  making 
payments  of  fixed  salaries  due  at  a  certain  period,  if  the  check  be  not  drawn  more 
than  two  days  before  the  salaries  become  due.  In  all  other  cases  checks  will  be 
made  payable  to  "order"  or  "bearer,"  and  will  be  drawn  only  in  favor  of  the 
persons,  firms,  or  corporations,  by  name,  to  whom  the  payments  are  to  be  made. 

679.  Each  check  of  a  disbursing  officer  must  state  on  its  face  the  address  of  the 
officer  drawing  it,  the  object  of  the  expenditure,  and,  in  case  of  payment  to  officers 
or  enlisted  men,  the  period  covered  by  the  payment.  Such  statements  must  be  brief 
but  clear — as,  for  instance,  "pay,"  "pay  roll,"  or  "payment  of  trooi)S,"  adding  the 
post  or  station;  "purchase  of  subsistence"  or  of  other  supplies,  naming  them;  "on 
contract  for  construction,"  mentioning  the  fortification  or  other  public  work  for 
which  the  payment  is  made;  "payments  under  $20,"  etc.  Payment  is  refused  on  all 
checks  where  this  requirement  is  disregarded,  and  report  of  the  fact  made  to  the 
Treasury.  Rubber  stamps  or  the  typewriter  will  not  be  used  to  fill  in  dates,  payees' 
names,  or  the  amounts  of  checks  issued  in  payment  of  the  public  creditors. 

6§0.  Disbursing  officers  will  not  pay  an  account  until  it  is  due.  In  cases  of  con- 
tracts for  the  performance  of  service  or  delivery  of  articles,  payment  will  not  exceed 
the  value  of  services  rendered,  or  articles  actually  delivered. 

681.  Disbursing  officers  will  not  issue  to  any  creditor  of  the  United  States  a  check 
for  more  than  $2,500  to  be  transmitted  through  the  mails.  In  case  the  amount  due 
is  in  excess  of  $2,500,  a  sufficient  number  of  checks  for  $2,500,  or  less,  will  be  issued 
as  may  be  necessary  to  discharge  the  claim. 

When  an  original  check  of  a  disbursing  officer,  not  exceeding  $2,500  in  amount, 
has  been  lost  or  destroyed,  a  duplicate  check  may  be  issued  by  him,  after  six  months 
and  within  three  years  of  the  date  of  the  original,  upon  the  owner  filing  with  him 
the  notice  and  proof  of  loss  and  the  indemnity  bond  required  Dy  sections  3646  and 
3647,  Revised  Statutes,  and  act  of  February  16,  1885.  In  case  the  disbursing  officer 
who  issued  the  original  check  is  no  longer  in  the  service,  the  notice  and  proof  of  loss 
and  the  indemnity  bond  will  be  sent  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  prior  to  the 
issue  of  a  duplicate  check.  The  proper  accounting  officer  of  the  Treasury  will  state 
an  account  in  favor  of  the  owner  of  said  check  and  charge  the  amount  thereof  to  the 
account  of  such  officer.  Instructions  for  the  execution  and  use  of  the  affidavit  and 
bond,  and  the  issue  of  the  duplicate  check,  accompany  the  blank  form  furnished  by 
the  Treasury  Department. 


CHECKS OFFICIAL  CHECK  BOOKS.  97 

6§2.  In  case  of  the  death,  resignation,  or  removal  from  active  service  of  a  dis- 
bursing officer,  any  check  previously  drawn  })y  him,  and  n(jt  presented  for  i)ayment 
within  four  months  of  its  date,  will  not  be  paid  until  its  correctness  shall  have  been 
attested  by  the  Secretary  or  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

683.  A  check  drawn  by  a  disbursing  officer  still  in  active  service,  presented  before 
it  shall  have  been  issued  three  full  fiscal  years,  will  be  paid  in  the  usual  manner  by 
the  office  or  bank  on  wl.ich  it  is  drawn,  and  from  funds  to  the  credit  of  the  drawer. 

684.  At  the  close  of  each  fiscal  year  every  disbursing  officer  will  make  a  return  to 
the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  through  the  proper  channels,  of  all  outsta^iding  checks 
issued  by  him  three  years  or  more  prior  thereto,  giving  the  names  of  payees  and  their 
residences  when  known,  the  purposes  for  which  and  places  on  which  the  checks 
were  drawn,  with  an  .ounts,  numbers,  and  dates  of  same,  and  the  numbers  of  the 
vouchers  received  therefor. 

685.  At  the  close  of  each  fiscal  year  all  amounts  remaining  to  the  credit  of  a  dis- 
bursing officer,  represented  by  checks  or  drafts  drawn  upon  the  Treasurer,  an  assistant 
treasurer,  or  any  designated  depositary,  three  or  more  years  prior  thereto,  will  be 
covered  into  the  Treasury  and  there  stand  to  the  credit  of  the  payees  in  an  appro- 
priation account  denominated  ''outstanding  liabilities." 

^  686.  A  check  which  has  been  issued  for  a  longer  period  than  three  full  fiscal  years 
will  be  paid  only  by  the  settlement  of  an  account  in  the  Treasury  Department.  For 
this  purpose  the  check  will  be  transmitted,  through  the  proper  channels,  to  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

OFFICIAL   CHECK    BOOKS. 

687.  Official  check  books  are  issued  by  the  Treasurer  and  assistant  treasurers  of 
the  United  States  direct  to  disbursing  officers  who  have  public  money  on  deposit 
with  them.  Rules  for  issue,  transfer,  etc.,  of  these  check  books  accompany  each 
book.     In  making  payments  only  official  checks  will  be  used. 

688.  Official  check  books  on  national-bank  depositories  are  furnished  by  chiefs 
of  bureaus,  by  whom  records  of  blank  checks  issued  will  be  kept  and  to  whom 
unused  checks  will  be  returned.  Rules  for  issue,  transfer,  etc.,  of  these  check  books 
accompany  each  book.  The  chief  of  bureau  issuing  a  check  book  on  a  national-bank 
depository  will  keep  a  complete  record  of  its  size,  its  character,  the  serial  numbers  of 
its  checks,  and  when  and  to  whom  issued. 

When  an  officer  transfers  such  book,  or  any  of  its  unused  checks,  he  will  immedi- 
ately advise  tlie  chief  of  bureau  by  whom  it  was  issued  of  the  serial  numbers,  inclusive, 
so  transferred;  forwarding  a  receipt  therefor,  that  the  necessary  change  in  the  record 
may  he  made.  When  an  officer  ceases  to  act  as  a  disbursing  officer  or  agent  he 
should  transfer  all  unused  checks  to  his  successor  as  above  provided,  or,  if  there  be 
no  successor,  return  them  to  the  chief  of  bureau  by  whom  issued.  Should  any  officer 
make  an  erasure  or  alteration  of  any  of  his  checks,  however  slight,  he  will  certify  to 
the  correctness  of  such  erasure  or  alteration  on  the  upper  margin  of  such  check. 

689.  Mutilated  or  spoiled  official  checks  upon  the  United  States  Treasurer  or 
assistant  treasurer  will  be  forwarded  promptly  to  the  office  to  which  they  pertain, 
but  mutilated  or  spoiled  checks  upon  a  national-bank  depository  will  be  forwarded  . 
promptly,  for  preservation  and  future  reference,  to  the  chief  of  bureau  by  whom 
issued,  who  will  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  such  checks.  In  either  case  a  record  of 
the  dates  of  both  cancellation  and  transmission  will  be  entered  on  the  stub. 

CERTIFICATES   OF   DEPOSIT. 

690.  Public  moneys  are  transferred  to  the  general  Treasury  by  being  deposited  to 
the  ''credit  of  the  Treasurer  of  the  United  States,"  either  at  the  Treasurer's  office, 
or  at  the  office  of  one  of  the  assistant  treasurers,  or  at  one  of  the  designated  deposi- 
tories.   All ' '  miscellaneous  receipts  on  account  of  proceeds  of  Government  property  " 

22778—03 7 


98      CERTIFICATES  OF  DEPOSIT PROCEEDS  OF  SALES. 

(paragraph  697)  must  be  deposited;  also,  when  required  by  chiefs  of  bureaus  to 
which  the  funds  pertain,  the  pubhc  moneys  in  the  possession  of,  or  to  the  credit  of 
disbursing  officers  or  others.  For  each  deposit  made  a  " certificate  of  deposit"  in 
duplicate  will  be  given,  showing  the  full  name,  rank,  regiment,  or  corps  of  the  depos- 
itor, and  to  what  appropriation  or  fund  the  amount  belongs,  the  depositor  giving  the 
necessary  information  when  making  the  deposit. 

691.  The  "originals"  of  all  certificates  of  deposit  are  required  by  law  to  be  for- 
warded by  the  depositaries  direct  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury;  the  "duplicates" 
are  filed  by  the  depositing  officers  with  their  retained  papers.  Immediately  upon 
making  a  deposit  to  the  credit  of  the  Treasurer  of  the  United  States  the  depositing 
officer  will  notify  the  proper  chief  of  bureau  of  the  fact,  stating  the  number  of  the 
certificate  of  deposit,  the  name  of  the  depository,  the  date  of  the  deposit,  the  amount, 
the  appropriation  to  which  the  money  pertains,  and  whether  the  amount  arose  from 
proceeds  of  sale  or  is  a  repayment  of  an  unexpended  balance.  If  the  deposit  is  on 
account  of  the  indebtedness  of  any  person  other  than  the  depositing  officer,  the  source 
from  which  the  money  was  derived  and  the  object  of  the  payment  will  be  distinctly 
stated  and  reference  made  to  the  vouchers,  if  any,  to  which  the  deposit  pertains. 

692.  A  disbursing  officer  of  one  staff  department  making  stoppages  on  account  of 
the  funds  or  property  of  another  staff  department  will,  in  the  absence  of  special 
instructions  to  the  contrary,  deposit  the  funds  so  received,  and  not  leave  them  to  be 
transferred  upon  the  settlement  of  his  accounts  at  the  Treasury. 

693.  Nothing  in  the  two  preceding  paragraphs  will  be  construed  to  affect  the 
existing  system  of  depositing  collections  by  paymasters  of  the  Army.  Whenever  an 
officer  refunds  money  to  the  Government  by  payment  to  an  army  paymaster,  dupli- 
cate descriptive  receipts  will  be  issued  by  the  latter  for  the  amount  refunded. 

The  paymaster  will,  with  the  least  practicable  delay,  forward,  without  letter  of 
transmittal,  the  original  receipt  direct  to  the  Paymaster-General  of  the  Army  and 
furnish  the  officer  with  the  duplicate. 

694.  The  number,  date,  and  amount  of  the  certificate  of  deposit,  together  with 
the  specific  appropriation,  if  named,  will  be  noted  on  the  account  current  upon  which 
the  depositor  desires  to  be  credited  with  the  money  deposited.  Certificates  of  deposit 
will  not  be  filed  with  accounts  current.  Officers  will  state  in  such  accounts  dates  of 
deposits  and  name  and  location  of  depository. 

695.  Certificates  of  deposit  must  be  recorded  in  the  proper  bureaus  of  the  War 
Department.  The  "originals,"  upon  their  receipt  at  the  Treasury,  are  immediately 
forwarded  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  who  refers  them  to  the  proper  bureaus  to  which 
the  deposits  pertain  for  verification  and  designation  of  the  appropriation. 

PROCEEDS   OF   SALES. 

696.  Moneys  received  for  stores,  materials,  or  supplies  (except  subsistence  stores) 
sold  to  officers,  enlisted  men,  or  exploring  or  surveying  expeditions  authorized , by 
law  will  be  deposited  to  the  credit  of  the  Treasurer  of  the  United  States,  and  respec- 
tively revert  to  the  appropriation  out  of  which  originally  expended.  Proceeds  of  sales 
of  useless  ordnance  material  and  the  cost  of  ordnance  issued  or  sold  to  the  several 
States  are  expended  under  conditions  prescribed  by  law.  Proceeds  of  sales  of  sub- 
sistence supplies  are  immediately  available  for  the  purchase  of  fresh  supplies. 

69 T.  The  proceeds  of  sales  of  all  public  property  the  disposition  of  which  is  not 
provided  for  by  the  preceding  paragraph,  after  the  expenses  of  sale  have  been  deducted, 
will  be  deposited  to  the  credit  of  the  Treasurer  of  the  United  States  as  "  Miscellane- 
ous receipts  on  account  of  proceeds  of  Government  property,"  for  which  certificates 
of  deposit  will  issue,  showing  the  name,  rank,  regiment,  or  corps  of  the  depositor, 
the  nature  of  the  deposit,  the  kind  of  property,  and  the  bureau  to  which  it  pertained. 


APPROPRIATIONS ACCOUNTS    CURRENT.  99 

698.  The  tranwfer  of  public  property  from  one  })ureau  or  Department  to  another 
is  not  regarded  as  a  sale.  If  money  is  received  therefor,  it  may  be  used  to  replace 
such  stores  and  will  be  rei)orted  accordingly. 

APPKOPRIATIONS. 

699.  The  fiscal  year  ends  on  June  30.  The  quarters  of  the  fiscal  year  are  an  fol- 
lows: First  quarter,  July  1  to  September  30;  second,  October  1  to  December  31;  third, 
January  1  to  March  31;  fourth,  April  1  to  June  30. 

TOO.  Chiefs  of  bureaus,  in  notifying  officers  of  remittances,  will  inform  tliem  of 
the  amount  remitted  under  each  head  of  appropriation,  giving  the  designation  ))\ 
fiscal  years  when  necessary. 

70t.  Accounts  current,  abstracts,  and  vouchers,  including  transfers  and  refund- 
ments, will  have  noted  in  red  ink  on  the  face  and  also  in  the  brief  on  the  back  the 
fiscal  year  to  which  the  funds  pertain. 

702.  No  account  current,  except  in  the  Pay  Department,  will  contain  accounts  of 
different  years;  and  no  item  will  be  entered  thereon  unless  it  pertains  to  the  fiscal 
year  to  which  the  account  belongs. 

703.  Money  received  and  disbursed  under  the  appropriation  for  contingent 
expenses  of  the  Army  will  be  accounted  for  by  officers  authorized  to  disburse  it,  on 
special  accounts  current,  in  which  funds  belonging  to  other  appropriations  will  not 
be  entered. 

704.  When  an  article  purchased  is  not  named  in  the  appropriation  act,  the  pur- 
pose for  which  it  is  intended  determines  the  appropriation  from  which  payment  is 
made. 

705.  All  public  funds  on  hand  at  the  close  of  a  fiscal  year,  except  those  required 
to  pay  outstanding  liabilities  incurred  during  such  year  (a  schedule  of  which  will,  if 
possible, accompany  the  last  account  current  for  the  year),  and  "no  limit"  appropri- 
ations, will  be  deposited  to  the  credit  of  the  Treasurer  of  the  United  States  and  the 
disbursing  officer's  account  closed  by  a  credit  for  such  deposit. 

706.  Balances  retained  after  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year  for  the  purpose  of  paying 
outstanding  liabilities  will  be  carried  to  a  "supplemental  account  current"  for  the 
fiscal  year  to  which  the  funds  pertain. 

707.  When  disbursements  are  made  from  such  balances,  accounts  will  be  ren- 
dered as  "supplemental  accounts"  for  the  fiscal  year  to  which  the  funds  pertain. 
Admitted  errors,  to  be  refunded,  except  in  the  Pay  Department,  will  be  taken  up  on 
an  account  current  for  the  fiscal  year  in  which  the  errors  occurred. 

ACCOUNTS   CURRENT. 

70§.  Accounts  current  will  be  made  in  duplicate;  one  copy,  accompanied  by 
abstracts  and  vouchers,  will  be  forwarded  to  the  chief  of  the  bureau  and  the  other 
retained  by  the  officer.  The  forms  of  accounts  current  and  abstracts  furnished  by 
the  chief  of  the  bureau  in  which  the  officer  is  serving  will  be  used. 

709.  Disbursing  officers  who  render  accounts  which  eventually  pass  to  the  Treas- 
ury Department  for  settlement  are  required  to  prepare  their  accounts,  with  abstracts 
and  vouchers  complete,  and  deposit  them  in  the  post-office,  addressed  to  the  chief  of 
the  bureau  of  the  War  Department  to  which  they  pertain,  on  or  before  the  10th  day 
of  eacli  mouth.  Irregularities  in  the  mail  service  or  want  of  blank  forms  will  not 
excuse  a  failure  to  comply  with  this  paragraph.  When  vouchers  are  not  sent  with 
the  account  to  which  they  belong,  but  are  subsequently  rendered,  suitable  explana- 
tion will  be  made. 


100  ACCOUNTS    CUREENT VOUCHERS. 

710.  Original  vouchers  will,  if  possible,  accompany  the  accounts;  copies  will  not 
be  accepted  unless  duly  certified  and  accompanied  by  satisfactory  evidence  of  the 
loss  or  destruction  of  the  originals,  or  that  their  retention  is  indispensable  to  the 
performance  of  duty  by  an  officer. 

711.  With  the  accounts  will  be  forwarded  all  orders  of  commanding  officers  and 
all  other  papers  upon  which  the  officer  accountable  relies  to  relieve  himself  from 
responsibility. 

712.  When  an  officer  is  relieved  from  duty  in  a  staff  department  at  any  station 
he  will  certify  outstanding  debts  if  any,  to  his  successor,  and  transmit  a  list  of  the 
same  to  the  head  of  the  proper  bureau.  Unless  otherwise  ordered,  he  will  turn  over 
to  his  successor  the  public  money,  property,  books,  and  papers  pretaining  to  the 
service  from  which  he  is  relieved. 

MONEY    VOUCHERS. 

713.  Vouchers  will  ordinarily  be  made  in  duplicate,  or,  if  required,  in  triplicate, 
and  the  number  made  will  be  stated  on  each  copy. 

714.  The  correctness  of  the  facts  stated  on  a  voucher  and  the  justness  of  the 
account  must  be  certified  by  an  officer. 

715.  Every  voucher  in  support  of  a  payment  for  supplies  or  for  services,  whether 
it  be  made  pursuant  to  a  formally  prepared  contract,  an  accepted  bid,  or  a  purchase 
without  advertising,  will  be  made  out  in  favor  of  the  creditor,  giving  his  address,  and 
must  state  (if  for  supplies  furnished)  the  date  of  the  purchase,  the  quantity  and 
price  of  each  article,  and  the  amount;  or  (if  for  services)  the  character  of  the  ser- 
vices, the  date  or  dates  on  which  rendered,  and  the  amount.  Where  papers  relating 
to  two  or  more  vouchers  are  required  to  accompany  accounts,  they  must  be  filed  with 
the  first  voucher  paid,  and  reference  thereto  made  on  the  other  vouchers.  A  voucher 
for  services  by  the  day  or  month  must  state  the  nature  of  the  service,  the  inclusive 
dates  of  service,  the  time  for  which  payment  is  made,  the  rate  of  pay,  and  the  amount, 
and  the  receipt  of  a  creditor  to  a  voucher  for  supplies  furnished  or  services  rendered 
must  contain  the  words  "which  I  certify  to  be  correct." 

All  vouchers,  when  practicable,  will  be  rendered  in  the  English  language,  but  if 
rendered  in  a  foreign  language  a  translation  of  the  same  must  accompany  the 
voucher. 

716.  Money  amounts  will  be  expressed  in  terms  of  dollars  and  cents.  When  a 
fraction  of  a  cent  less  than  one-half  occurs  in  the  footing  of  a  voucher  it  will  be  dis- 
regarded.    If  the  fraction  be  one-half  or  greater  it  will  be  reckoned  as  a  cent. 

717.  A  voucher  for  a  purchase,  or  for  services  not  personal,  must  have  expressed 
on  its  face,  immediately  below  the  statement  of  the  account,  the  mode  of  purchase 
or  engagement,  using  therefor  one  of  the  following  notations: 

1.  Under  contract,  dated ,  19 — . 

2.  Under  public  notice,  dated ,  19—. 

3.  Under  oral  agreement,  without  advertising. 

71  §.  The  giving  or  taking  of  receipts  in  blank  for  public  money  is  prohibited, 
except  the  receipts  to  vouchers  for  publishing  advertisements,  which  will  be  receipted 
prior  to  audit. 

719.  A  voucher  for  funds  disbursed  will,  before  being  signed  by  a  public  creditor, 
be  made  out  in  full,  with  the  place  of  payment  and  the  name,  rank,  regiment  or 
corps  of  the  paying  officer  entered  in  the  receipt,  and  the  exact  amount  of  money 
written  out  in  words  in  the  receipt.  When  vouchers  are  sent  by  mail  for  signature 
the  date  in  the  receipt  will  be  left  blank,  and  the  check  in  payment  will  not  be  drawn 
until  the  vouchers  are  returned  properly  signed,  when  the  date  of  the  check  wall  be 
added  to  the  receipt. 

720.  Invoices  of  and  receipts  for  funds  transferred  will  state  place  and  date  of 
transfer,  the  name,  rank,  regiment  or  corps  of  the  officer  from  whom  the  money  is 
received,  the  kind  of  funds  transferred,  and  the  amount  transferred  under  each  head 


VOUCHERS.  101 

of  appropriation.  If  the  transfer  is  for  the  correction  of  errors,  whether  arising  upon 
the  settlement  of  accounts  or  otherwise,  the  facts  will  he  noted  in  detail  on  both 
invoice  and  receipt.  The  receiving  officer  or  agent  will  indorse  upon  the  invoice  the 
exact  date  of  the  receipt  given  by  him  and  will  file  it  with  the  account  current  on 
which  he  acknowledges  receipt  of  the  funds.  Any  discrepancy  as  to  the  appropria- 
tion, fiscal  year,  or  amount  which  may  exist  between  the  invoice  and  receipt  when 
the  latter  is  properly  made  out  will  be  noted  and  explained  on  both  invoice  and  receipt 
by  the  officer  or  agent  receiving  and  receipting  for  the  funds. 

721.  Vouchers  for  payment  made  and  invoices  and  receipts  for  money  transferred 
will  have  noted  upon  them  the  number,  date,  and  amount  of  checks  given,  and  the 
depository  on  which  drawn.  If  payment  is  made  by  currency,  wholly  or  in  part,  the 
facts  will  be  stated.  « 

722.  Paragraph  716  of  these  Regulations  requires  that  the  money  accounts  of  dis- 
bursing officers  of  the  United  States  Army  shall  be  rendered  in  terms  of  dollars  and 
cents,  and  to  secure  uniformity  in  the  preparation  and  rendition  of  their  accounts, 
the  following  illustration  of  the  method  of  stating  the  value  of  foreign  silver  or  gold 
in  the  islands  now  occupied  by  the  United  States  forces  is  published: 

The  accounts,  whether  for  purchases  or  services,  will  be  stated  in  the  currency 
under  which  the  indebtedness  is  incurred—/,  e.,  foreign  silver  or  gold  or  United  States 
currency. 

If  the  agreement  calls  for  either  foreign  silver  or  gold,  the  account  shall  be  stated 
in  those  currencies,  respectively.  When  in  silver,  the  total  amount  will  be  reduced* 
to  its  equivalent  in  the  gold  currency  in  use  in  the  country  in  which  the  indebted- 
ness is  incurred,  at  the  rate  of  exchange  which  may  govern  at  the  time,  and  from 
this  gold  currency  into  United  States  currency  at  the  current  rate  of  exchange  at 
date  of  payment.  If  the  account  is  stated  in  the  gold  currency  in  use,  but  the  one 
reduction — into  United  States  currency — will  be  necessary. 

The  amount  in  United  States  currency  having  been  arrived  at,  authority  is  hereby 
given  for  checks  to  be  drawn  therefor  by  disbursing  officers  to  their  own  orders  in 
United  States  currency  and  by  them  exchanged  at  local  fiscal  agencies  of  the  United 
States  where  possible,  or  at  local  banks,  for  the  necessary  amount  in  the  coin  required 
to  pay  the  creditor  in  the  money  originally  agreed  upon,  and  authority  is  hereby  given 
for  such  exchange  where  the  creditor  declines  to  accept  check  payable  in  currency 
of  the  United  States. 

The  vouchers  for  accounts  will  be  made  to  show  the  debt  as  actually  incurred,  in 
the  coin  in  which  payment  is  made,  and  the  reduction  from  this  coin  to  United 
States  currency,  the  rate  of  exchange  being  stated  on  the  voucher,  and  the  amounts 
stated  on  abstracts  and  account  current  in  United  States  currency,  as  prescribed  by 
paragraph  716  of  the  Regulations. 

723.  Vouchers  must  be  stated  in  the  name  of  the  corporation,  company,  firm,  or 
person  rendering  the  service  or  furnishing  the  articles  for  which  payment  is  made. 

724.  Payments  in  currency  or  by  check  to  bearer  will  not  be  made  to  holders  of 
powers  of  attorney  or  to  holders  of  instruments  operating  as  transfers  or  assignments. 

If  a  payment  in  currency  or  by  check  to  bearer  is  made  to  an  incorporated  or 
unincorporated  company,  the  money  or  check  must  be  delivered  to  and  the  voucher 
receipted  by  a  duly  authorized  officer  or  agent  of  the  company;  the  receipt  must  be 
signed  with  the  company  name,  followed  by  the  autograph  signature  of  the  officer, 
with  his  title,  or  of  the  agent  to  whom  the  money  or  check  was  delivered,  and  the 
recellpted  voucher  will  be  accompanied  by  evidence  showing  his  authority.  This 
evidence  will  consist  of  extracts  from  the  articles  of  incorporation  or  association,  the 
by-laws,  or  the  minutes  of  the  board  of  directors,  duly  certified  by  the  custodian  of 
such  records  (under  the  company  seal,  if  there  be  one),  showing  that  the  signer  is 
properly  vested  with  authority  to  receive  and  receipt  for  money  due  the  company. 

If  payment  in  currency  or  by  check  to  bearer  is  made  to  an  individual  or  a 
copartnership  doing  business  under  a  company  title,  the  receipt  must  be  signed  with 


102  VOITCHERS. 

the  company  name,  followed  by  the  autograph  signature  of  the  individual  proprietor 
or  of  one  of  the  members  of  the  firm  with  the  words  "proprietor"  or  "one  of  the 
proprietors"  appended  thereto. 

If  payment  in  currency  or  by  check  to  bearer  is  made  to  a  copartnership  doing 
business  as  such,  the  receipt  must  be  signed  with  the  usual  firm  signature  by  one  of 
the  members  of  the  firm,  who  will  be  required  to  append  his  own  signature  as  "  one 
of  the  firm." 

If  payment  in  currency  or  by  check  to  bearer  is  made  to  an  individual  creditor, 
the  receipt  must  be  signed  by  him  in  person. 

725.  If  payment  is  made  by  check  to  order  of  any  company  (incorporated  or  unin- 
corporated) or  firm  or  individual  by  name,  and  the  fact  that  the  check  has  been  so 
drawn  is  stated  on  the  voucher,  giving  its  number,  date,  amount,  and  United  States 
depository  on  which  drawn,  the  receipt  to  the  voucher  may  be  signed  by  an  officer, 
attorney,  or  agent  of  the  company,  or  by  an  attorney  or  agent  of  the  firm  or  individ- 
ual, stating  the  capacity  in  which  he  signs,  without  filing  with  the  voucher  evidence 
of  his  authority  to  sign.  The  disbursing  officer  in  all  such  cases  will  deliver  the 
check  to  such  person  only  as  he  is  satisfied  is  authorized  by  the  principal  to  receipt 
the  voucher  and  receive  the  check. 

726.  Receipts  for  small  sums  for  occasional  service  paid  to  corporations,  such  as 
railroad,  telegraph,  turnpike,  transfer,  express,  steamboat,  hotel,  newspaper,  and  ice 
companies,  may  be  signed  by  the  local  agent  in  charge  of  the  business  of  the  company 
at  the  place  where  the  service  is  rendered  or  where  it  begins  or  terminates,  and  the 
certificate  of  the  officer  making  payment  that  the  person  to  whom  payment  was 
thus  made  was  then  the  local  agent  of  the  company  in  charge  of  its  business  at  the 
place  designated  will  be  sufiicient  evidence  of  the  agent's  authority  to  receive  and 
receipt  for  the  money  paid. 

727.  When  an  account  is  presented  by  an  individual  who  is  not  known  to  the  dis- 
bursing officer,  the  latter  will  require  him  to  be  identified. 

72§.  The  signature  to  the  receipt  and  the  name  of  the  person  or  business  firm  as 
entered  at  the  head  of  an  account  must  be  literally  alike. 

729.  When  a  signature  is  not  written  by  the  hand  of  the  party,  it  must  be  wit- 
nessed, and  by  a  commissioned  officer  when  practicable. 

730.  In  final  statements,  receipts  for  money,  and  papers  of  like  character  money 
amounts  will,  in  all  cases,  be  written  out  in  full  and  also  expressed  by  figures  in 
parentheses.  This  requirement  does  not  apply  to  pay  rolls  of  military  organizations 
and  pay  rolls  of  other  descriptions. 

731.  Fees  of  civil  ofiicers  for  administering  oaths  in  matters  of  military  adminis- 
tration (where  the  services  of  judge-advocates  of  departments,  or  of  courts-martial,  or 
trial  officers  of  summary  courts  were  not  obtainable)  will  be  paid  from  the  appro- 
priation applicable  to  the  subject-matter  of  the  oaths,  and  in  case  there  be  no  appro- 
priation applicable  thereto  the  fees  will  be  paid  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department. 

732.  Disbursing  oflScers  will  not  issue  vouchers  for  unpaid  accounts  as  due  bills 
against  the  United  States,  but  a  certified  statement  of  personal  services  and  of  wages 
due  may  be  given  to  a  discharged  employee  who  for  want  of  funds  was  not  paid  at 
time  of  discharge. 

733.  When  applicable,  the  following  rules  for  the  computation  of  time  in  pay- 
ment for  services  will  be  observed : 

1.  For  any  full  calendar  month's  service,  at  a  stipulated  monthly  rate  of  compen- 
sation, payment  will  be  made  at  such  stipulated  rate,  without  regard  to  the  number 
of  days  in  that  month. 

2.  When  service  commences  on  an  intermediate  day  of  the  month,  thirty  days  will 
be  assumed  as  the  length  of  the  month,  whatever  be  the  number  of  days  therein. 

3.  When  the  service  terminates  on  an  intermediate  day  of  the  month,  the  actual 
number  of  days  during  which  service  was  rendered  in  that  calendar  month  will  be 
allowed. 


VOUCHERS PECUNIARY    RESPONSIBILITY    OF    OFFICERS.        103 

4.  AVhen  the  service  embraces  two  or  more  months  or  parts  of  months  but  one 
fraction  will  be  made,  thus:  From  September  21  to  November  25,  inclusive,  will  be 
calculated— September  21  to  Octol)er  20,  inclusive,  one  month;  from  October  21  to 
November  20,  inclusive,  one  month;  from  November  21  to  25,  inclusive,  five  days; 
making  the  time  allowed  two  months  and  five  days. 

5.  When  two  fractions  of  months  occur  and  both  are  less  than  a  whole  month,  as 
from  August  21  to  September  10,  the  time  will  be  determined  thus:  August  21  to  30, 
inclusive  (ignoring  the  Slst),  ten  days;  from  September  1  to  10,  inclusive,  ten  days; 
making  the  time  allowed  twenty  days. 

6.  Service  commencing  in  February  will  be  calculated  as  though  the  month  con- 
tained thirty  days,  thus:  From  February  21  to  28  (or  29),  inclusive,  ten  days.  When 
the  service  commences  on  the  28th  day  of  that  month,  three  days  will  be  allowed, 
and  if  on  the  29th,  two  days. 

7.  If  service  commences  on  the  31st  day  of  any  month,  payment  will  not  be  made 
for  that  day. 

8.  For  commutation  of  subsistence  and  for  sendees  of  persons  employed  at  a  per 
diem  rate  payment  will  be  made  for  the  actual  number  of  days. 

9.  When  services  are  rendered  from  one  given  date  to  another  the  account  will 
state  clearly  whether  both  dates  are  included. 

10.  In  computing  the  wages  of  persons  employed  at  a  per  diem  allowance  the  day 
on  which  service  begins  and  the  day  on  which  it  ends  will  be  allowed  in  the 
computation.  * 

734.  Disbursing  officer.-)  will  not  settle  with  heirs,  executors,  or  administrators 
except  by  authority  of  the  proper  bureau  of  the  War  Department,  and  upon  accounts 
that  have  been  duly  audited  and  certified  by  the  proper  accounting  officers  of  the 
Treasury. 

PECUNIARY   PESPONSIBILITY    OF   OFFICERS. 

735.  An  officer  will  have  credit  for  an  expenditure  of  money  made  in  obedience 
to  the  order  of  his  commanding  officer.  Every  order  issued  by  any  military  author- 
ity which  may  cause  an  expenditure  of  money  in  a  staff  department  will  be  given  in 
writing.  One  copy  thereof  will  be  forwarded  by  the  officer  receiving  it  to  the  head 
of  his  department,  and  the  other  will  be  filed  by  the  disbursing  officer  with  his 
voucher  for  the  disbursement.  If  the  expenditure  be  disallowed,  it  will  be  charged 
to  the  officer  who  ordered  it. 

736.  If  a  payment  be  made  on  the  certificate  of  an  officer  as  to  the  facts  is  after- 
wards disallowed  for  error  of  fact  in  the  certificate,  H  will  pass  to  the  credit  of  the 
disbursing  officer  and  be  charged  to  the  officer  who  gave  the  certificate;  but  the  dis- 
bursing officer  can  not  protect  himself  in  an  erroneous  payment  made  without  due 
care  by  charging  lack  of  care  against  the  officer  who  gave  the  certificate. 

ADMINISTRATIVE   EXAMINATION   OF   MONEY    ACCOUNTS. 

737.  The  chief  of  a  bureau  to  which  accounts  pertain  will  cause  each  account  cur- 
rent, with  its  accompanying  papers,  to  be  examined  and  transmitted  to  the  Treasury 
Department,  with  his  decision  indorsed  thereon,  within  sixty  days  from  the  date  on 
which  such  account  was  received  at  his  office.  He  will  bring  to  the  notice  of  the 
Secretary  of  War  all  matters  of  account  that  require  or  merit  it.  When  a  suspension 
or  disallowance  is  made,  the  bureau  will  notify  the  officer  that  he  may  have  an  oppor- 
tunity to  submit  explanations  or  take  an  appeal  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

73§.  In  case  of  discovered  error  or  disallowance  in  an  account  upon  its  examina- 
tion by  the  proper  authority,  the  officer  responsible  will,  upon  notification  thereof, 
unless  able  to  furnish  evidence  to  correct  or  remove  the  same,  make  the  proper  correc- 
tion in  his  next  account  current,  and  refer  therein  to  the  particular  voucher  in  which 
the  error  occurred  or  the  disallowance  was  made. 


104  I'BE    ttJBLIO    PROPERTY. 

ARTICLE  lilX. 

Public  Property  Accountability  and  Responsibility, 
general  provisions. 

T39.  Accountability  and  responsibility  devolve  upon  any  person  to  whom  public 
property  is  intrusted  and  who  is  required  to  make  returns  therefor.  Responsibility 
without  accountability  devolves  upon  one  to  whom  such  property  is  intrusted,  but 
who  is  not  required  to  make  returns  therefor.  Thus,  with  respect  to  quartermaster's 
supplies  intrusted  to  a  company  or  detachment  commander,  responsibility  but  not 
accountability  attaches. 

•740.  The  officer  in  permanent  or  temporary  command  of  a  post  or  station  is 
responsible  for  the  security  of  all  public  property  of  the  command,  whether  in  use 
or  in  store,  and,  although  for  purposes  of  periodical  accountability  to  the  War 
Department  it  may  all  have  been  officially  receipted  for  by  subordinate  officers,  the 
commanding  officer  is  nevertheless  responsible  and  pecuniarily  liable  with  them  for 
the  strict  observance  of  the  regulations  in  regard  to  its  preservation,  use,  and  issue. 
He  will  take  care  that  all  storehouses  are  properly  guarded,  that  only  reliable  agents 
are  employed,  and  only  trustworthy  enlisted  men  are  detailed  for  duty  in  them  or  in 
connection  with  property. 

741.  If  an  officer  in  charge  of  the  public  property  of  a  command  (not  properly 
pertaining  to  a  company  or  detachment)  is,  by  order,  leave  of  absence,  or  any  other 
cause  separated  from  it,  the  commanding  officer,  or  an  officer  designated  by  him,  will 
receipt  and  account  for  it. 

742.  If  it  becomes  necessary  to  remove  all  officers  from  the  charge  of  public 
property,  the  commanding  officer  will  take  measures  to  secure  it  and  report  the  cir- 
cumstances to  the  proper  authority. 

743.  A  company  or  detachment  commander  is  responsible  for  all  public  property 
pertaining  to  his  company  or  detachment,  and  will  not  transfer  his  accountability 
therefor  to  a  successor  during  periods  of  absence  of  less  than  a  month  unless  so 
ordered  by  competent  authority;  when  such  absence  exceeds  a  month,  the  question 
of  responsibility  is  settled  by  the  proper  authority. 

744.  The  officer  in  temporary  or  permanent  command  of  a  company  or  detach- 
ment is  responsible  for  all  public  property  used  by,  or  in  possession  of  the  command, 
whether  he  receipts  for  it  or  not. 

745.  The  property  responsibility  of  a  company  commander  can  not  be  transferred 
to  enlisted  men.  It  is  his  duty  to  attend  personally  to  its  security,  and  to  superin- 
tend issues  himself  or  cause  them  to  be  superintended  by  a  commissioned  officer. 

746.  An  officer  will  not  when  it  can  be  avoided  be  detailed  for  duty  which  will 
separate  him  from  public  property  for  which  he  is  accountable. 

747.  A  transfer  of  public  property  involves  a  change  of  possession  and  accounta- 
bility. The  transferring  officer,  except  in  the  medical  department,  will  furnish  the 
receiving  officer  with  invoices  in  duplicate,  accurately  enumerating  the  property, 

,  and  the  latter  will  return  duplicate  receipts.     The  transaction  will  appear  on  the 
property  returns  rendered  by  each. 

748.  When  an  officer  to  whom  stores  have  been  forwarded  believes  them  to  have 
miscarried  he  will  promptly  inform  the  issuing  and  forwarding  officers. 

749.  If  an  officer  to  whom  public  property  has  been  transferred  refuses  to  receipt 
for  it,  the  invoicing  officer  will  report  the  facts  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the 
former  for  action.  Copies  of  all  papers  relating  to  the  transaction  will  be  filed  with 
his  returns. 


THE   PUBLIC   PROPERTY.  105 

750.  Upon  the  receipt  of  public  property  by  an  officer  he  will  make  careful  exam- 
ination to  ascertain  its  quality  and  condition,  but  will  not  break  original  packages 
until  issues  are  to  be  made,  unless  he  has  reason  to  l>elieve  the  contents  defective. 
Should  he  discover  defect  or  shortage,  he  will  apply  for  a  board  of  survey  to  deter- 
mine it  and  fix  the  responsibility.  Should  he  consider  the  property  unfit  for  use,  he 
will  submit  inventories  in  triplicate  and  request  the  action  of  an  inspector.  The 
same  rule  will  be  observed  in  regard  to  packages  when  first  opened  for  issue,  and  for 
property  damaged  or  missing  while  in  store. 

751.  When  packages  of  supplies  are  opened  for  the  first  time,  whether  because  of 
apparent  defect  or  for  issue,  the  officer  responsible  or  some  other  commissioned 
officer  will  be  present  and  verify  the  contents  by  actual  weight,  count,  or  measure- 
ment, as  circumstances  may  require,  and  in  case  of  deficiency  or  damage  will  make 
written  report  of  the  facts  to  the  post  commander.  If  only  the  officer  responsible  be 
present  and  make  the  report,  he  will  secure  the  sworn  statements  in  writing  of  one 
or  more  civilians  or  enlisted  men  regarding  the  condition  of  the  property  when  exam- 
ined. Should  a  board  of  survey  be  convened,  the  post  commander  will  refer  to  it 
the  report  made  by  the  examining  officer,  together  with  the  sworn  statements.  At 
arsenals  and  depots  where  there  are  persons  whose  special  duty  it  is  to  receive  and 
issue  public  stores,  the  reports  herein  required  may  be  made  by  them  instead  of 
officers  of  the  Army. 

752.  The  giving  or  taking  of  receipts  in  blank  for  public  property  is  prohibited. 

753.  Supplies  procured  by  one  bureau  will  not  be  furnished  to  another,  except 
by  special  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War.  When  furnished  and  restored  in  kind, 
they  will  be  delivered  at  the  post  from  which  received,  or  at  such  other  post  as 
department  commanders  or  chiefs  of  bureaus  concerned  may  determine.  If  the 
transaction  is  between  two  bureaus  of  the  War  Department,  payment  will  be  made 
at  the  contract  or  invoice  price  of  the  stores;  when  between  a  bureau  of  the  War 
Department  and  any  other  Executive  Department,  the  amount  to  be  paid  will  include 
the  contract  or  invoice  price  and  cost  of  transportation. 

754.  In  no  case  will  means  of  transportation  or  other  property  of  any  branch  of 
the  military  service  be  taken  as  a  part  of  the  outfit  of  surveying  or  exploring  expedi- 
tions for  which  Congress  has  made  appropriations,  without  the  express  authority  of 
the  Secretary  of  War. 

755.  When  it  is  impracticable  for  an  officer  to  personally  superintend  his  issues — 
as  may  be  the  case  with  one  charged  with  disbursements,  or  the  care  of  depots — he 
should  choose  with  great  caution  the  agent  to  whom  he  intrusts  the  duty. 

756.  The  keys  of  storerooms  or  chests  will  not  be  intrusted  to  enlisted  men  or 
civilians  without  great  vigilance  on  the  part  of  the  accountable  officer  and  a  resort 
to  every  reasonable  precaution,  including  frequent  personal  inspections,  to  prevent 
loss  or  damage. 

757.  An  officer  in  charge  of  public  property  in  use  or  in  store  will  endeavor  by 
timely  repairs  to  keep  it  in  serviceable  condition.  For  this  purpose  the  necessary 
means  will  be  allowed  on  requisition,  and  property  in  store  so  repaired  will  be  issued. 

75§.  All  movable  public  property  will  if  practicable  be  conspicuously  branded 
"U.  S."  before  being  used. 

759.  Public  property  will  not  be  used  nor  will  labor  hired  for  the  Government 
be  employed  for  any  private  purpose  whatsoever,  except  as  authorized  in  these 
regulations. 

760.  For  property  worn  out  in  the  public  service  the  preliminary  action  of  a 
board  of  survey  is  not  necessary,  and  the  accountable  officer  will  submit  inventories 
thereof  and  ask  for  an  inspector's  action.     When  the  action  of  a  board  of  survey  and 


106  PROPERTY    DAMAGED,   LOST,    ETC. REWARDS. 

an  inspector  are  necessary,  the  inventory  will  be  accompanied  by  a  copy  of  the  pro- 
ceedings of  the  board. 

761.  Military  stores  and  public  property  condemned  and  ordered  sorld  will  be  dis 
posed  of  for  cash  at  auction,  or  to  the  highest  bidder  on  sealed  proposals,  on  due 
public  notice,  and  in  such  market  as  the  public  interests  may  require.  The  officer 
making  the  sale  will  suspend  it  when  in  his  opinion  better  prices  can  be  obtained, 
except  in  the  case  of  condemned  animals,  the  disposition  of  which  is  provided  for 
in  paragraph  1150.  The  auctioneer's  certified  detailed  account  of  the  sale,  and  the 
vouchers  for  the  expenses  attending  it,  will  be  reported  on  the  proper  forms  to  the 
chief  of  the  bureau  to  which  the  property  pertained,  and  a  copy  of  the  auctioneer's 
detailed  account  of  the  sale  will  be  furnished  the  Inspector-General. 

762.  Public  property  which  has  been  condemned,  or  the  issue  price  of  which  has 
been  reduced  by  a  board  of  survey,  will  not  be  purchased  by  an  oflicer  who  was 
responsible  therefor  at  the  time  of  condemnation  or  reduction  of  price,  nor  by  an 
officer  who  bore  any  part  in  such  condemnation  or  reduction. 

PROPERTY    DAMAGED,  LOST,  DESTROYED,  ETC. — REWARDS. 

763.  Causes  of  damage  to,  and  of  loss  and  destruction  of,  military  property  are 
classified  as  follows: 

1.  Unavoidable  causes,  being  those  over  which  the  responsible  officers  have  no 
control,  occurring  (a)  in  the  ordinary  course  of  service,  or  (6)  as  incident  to  an  active 
campaign. 

2.  Avoidable  causes,  being  those  due  to  carelessness,  willfulness,  or  neglect. 

764.  Officers  responsible  for  property  will  be  charged  for  any  damage  to  or  loss 
or  destruction  of  the  same,  and  the  money  value  deducted  from  their  monthly  pay, 
unless  they  show,  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  by  their  own  affidavits 
or  certificates  or  by  one  or  more  depositions  that  the  damage,  loss,  or  destruction  was 
occasioned  by  unavoidable  causes  and  without  fault  or  neglect  on  their  part. 

765.  The  proper  officers  to  administer  oaths  in  the  administration  of  the  affairs  of 
the  Army  (except  when  otherwise  specially  provided)  are  judge-advocates  of  depart- 
ments, judge-advocates  of  courts-martial,  the  trial  officers  of  summary  courts,  and, 
in  the  cases  of  boards  of  survey,  the  recorders  thereof,  or,  if  there  be  no  recorder, 
the  president  thereof.  When  none  of  these  are  within  reach  and  available,  recourse 
must  be  had  to  a  notary  public  or  other  civil  officer  competent  to  administer  oaths  for 
general  purposes. 

766.  If  an  article  of  public  property  be  lost  or  damaged  by  the  neglect  or  fault  of 
any  officer  or  soldier,  he  shall  pay  the  value  thereof,  or  the  cost  of  repairs,  at  such 
rates  as  a  board  of  survey  may  determine. 

767.  The  amount  charged  against  an  enlisted  man  on  the  pay  rolls  on  account  of 
loss  or  damage  of  or  repairs  to  Government  property  shall  not  exceed  the  value  of 
the  article  or  cost  of  repairs;  and  such  charge  will  only  be  made  on  conclusive  proof, 
and  never  without  an  inquiry,  if  the  soldier  demand  it.  He  will  be  informed  at  the 
time  of  signing  the  pay  rolls  that  his  signature  will  be  regarded  as  an  acknowledg- 
ment of  the  justice  of  the  charge. 

768.  When  a  deserter  carries  away  pubhc  property,  or  when  such  property  is  lost 
through  his  desertion,  its  value  will  be  determined  by  a  board  of  survey  and  charged 
against  him  on  the  next  pay  rolls  as  prescribed  in  paragraph  127  of  these  regulations. 

769.  If  articles  of  public  property  are  embezzled,  or  lost  or  damaged  through 
neglect,  by  a  civilian  employee,  the  value  or  damage  as  ascertained  (and  by  a  board 
of  survey  if  necessary)  shall  be  charged  to  him  and  set  against  any  pay  or  money  due 
him. 


RiSWAllBS PROPERTY    ACCOUNTABILITY.  107 

770.  Whenever  information  is  received  that  animals  or  other  property  belong- 
ing to  the  military  service  of  the  United  States  are  unlawfully  in  the  possession  of 
any  person  not  in  the  military  service,  the  quartermaster  or  other  proper  officer 
will  promptly  cause  proceedings  to  be  instituted  and  diligently  prosecuted  t)efore 
the  civil  authorities  for  the  recovery  of  the  property,  and,  if  the  same  has  .jeen 
stolen,  for  the  arrest,  trial,  conviction,  and  due  piunishment  of  the  offender  and  his 
accomplices. 

771.  Upon  satisfactory  information  that  such  United  States  property,  unlawfully 
in  the  possession  of  any  parties,  is  likely  to  be  taken  away,  concealed,  or  otherwise 
disposed  of  before  the  necessary  proceedings  can  be  had  in  the  civil  tribunals  for  its 
recovery,  the  post  or  detachment  commander  will  at  once  cause  the  same  to  be  seized, 
and  will  hold  it  subject  to  any  legal  proceedings  that  may  be  instituted  by  other  par- 
ties. Persons  caught  in  the  act  of  stealing  public  property  will  be  summarily  arrested 
by  the  troops  and  turned  over  to  the  civil  authorities  for  trial. 

772.  Quartermasters,  after  they  have  failed  to  get  possession  of  a  lost  or  stolen 
animal  by  the  ordinary  means,  may  authorize  the  payment  of  a  reward  of  not  more 
than  $25  for  its  recovery.  If  the  animal  has  been  stolen,  they  may  offer  an  additional 
reward  of  like  amount  for  each  person  arrested,  tried,  convicted,  and  sentenced  for 
the  theft. 

773.  The  expenses  necessarily  incurred  by  any  action  under  the  three  preceding 
paragraphs,  with  the  exception  of  attorney's  fees,  will  be  paid  by  the  Quartermaster's 
Department,  upon  proper  vouchers  approved  by  the  department  commander.  Offi- 
cers will  promjjtly  report  their  action  to  department  headquarters. 

PROPERTY    ACCOUNTABILITY. 

774.  All  public  property,  whether  paid  for  or  not,  must  be  accounted  for  on  the 
proper  returns. 

775.  An  officer  accountable  for  the  public  property  of  two  or  more  companies  will 
account  for  that  pertaining  to  each,  except  quartermaster's  supplies,  on  a  separate 
return. 

776.  Accountability  for  public  property  will  not  be  transferred  to  enlisted  men, 
except  to  sergeants  of  the  post  noncommissioned  staff  at  ungarrisoned  posts  and  ser- 
geants of  the  Signal  Corps  or  enlisted  men  acting  as  such. 

777.  Vouchers  for  issues  or  expenditures  of  property  not  authorized  by  regulations 
will  be  accompanied  by  copies  of  the  orders  directing  the  issues  or  expenditures. 

778.  An  officer  will  have  credit  for  an  expenditure  of  property  made  in  obedience 
to  the  order  of  his  commanding  officer.  If  the  expenditure  is  disallowed,  it  will  be 
charged  to  the  officer  who  ordered  it. 

779.  Public  property  expended,  lost,  or  destroyed  in  the  military  service  must  be 
accounted  for  by  affidavit,  or  the  certificate  of  a  commissioned  officer,  or  other  satis- 
factory evidence. 

780.  When  an  enlisted  man  has,  by  a  court-martial,  been  convicted  of  losing  or 
damaging  public  property,  the  officer  responsible  for  the  property  will  send  with  his 
property  return  a  certified  copy  of  so  much  of  the  court-martial  order  as  refers  to  the 
case,  giving  number,  date,  and  place  of  issue  of  the  order,  and  stating  on  the  face  of 
said  copy  the  rolls  on  which  the  charges  are  made. 

7§1.  Should  an  officer  or  agent  of  the  Government  charged  with  public  property 
fail  to  render  the  prescribed  returns  thereof  within  a  reasonable  time,  a  settlementof 
his  accounts  will  be  made  by  the  proper  bureau  of  the  War  Department,  and  the 
money  value  of  the  property  with  which  he  is  charged  will  be  reported  against  him 
for  stoppage. 


108  PROPERTY   RETURNS — LANDS    AND    BUILDINGS. 

'y§2.  All  returns  of  stores  or  supplies  will  be  rendered  as  required  by  regulations 

^r  orders.     Those  of  subsistence  stores  and  subsistence  property  will  be  forwarded 

within  ten  days  after  the  expiration  of  the  accounting  periods,  and  those  of  other 

vclasses  of  stores  and  property  within  twenty  days,  to  the  chiefs  of  bureaus  to  which 

.4tiey  pertain.     Abstracts  of  purchases  will  be  forwarded  with  the  money  accounts. 

ADMINISTRATIVE    EXAMINATION    OF   PROPERTY    RETURNS. 

783.  As  soon  as  possible  after  the  receipt  of  a  return  by  the  proper  chief  of  bureau, 
it  will  be  examined  in  his  office,  and  the  officer  making  the  return  will  be  notified  of 
all  errors  and  irregularities  found  therein  and  granted  three  months  to  correct  them. 
Suspensions  or  disallowances  will  not  be  made  on  account  of  slight  informalities  which 
do  not  affect  the  validity  of  a  voucher,  but  the  officer's  attention  may  be  called  to 
them.  Whenever  the  errors  have  been  corrected  or  compensation  has  been  made  for 
deficient  articles,  and  the  action  of  the  bureau  chief  is  sustained  or  modified  by  the 
Secretary  of  War,  the  return  will  be  regarded  as  settled,  and  the  officer  who  rendered 
it  will  be  notified  accordingly. 

7§4.  If  the  necessary  corrections  in  the  return  be  not  made  within  the  prescribed 
time  the  facts  will  be  reported  to  the  Secretary  of  War.  When  it  has  been  deter- 
mined that  the  money  value  of  the  property  for  which  an  officer  has  failed  to  account 
shall  be  refunded  to  the  United  States,  the  facts  will  be  certified  to  the  Auditor  for 
the  War  Department  by  the  proper  chief  of  bureau. 

ARTICLE  liX. 

Lands,  Buildings,  and  Improvements. 

7§5.  Land  shall  not  be  purchased  for  the  United  States  except  under  an  act  of 
Congress  authorizing  the  purchase,  nor  shall  public  money  be  expended  for  the  erec- 
tion of  armories,  arsenals,  forts,  fortifications,  or  permanent  buildings  of  any  descrip- 
tion thereon,  until  the  written  opinion  of  the  Attorney-General  shall  have  been 
obtained  announcing  the  validity  of  the  title  thereof  in  the  Government,  nor,  if  the 
land  be  within  any  State,  until  jurisdiction  over  it  shall  have  been  ceded  to  the  United 
States  by  the  legislature  of  the  State,  or  such  cession  of  jurisdiction  shall  have  been 
expressly  waived  by  Congress. 

7§6.  All  papers  relating  to  the  Washington  Aqueduct  and  public  buildings  and 
grounds  in  the  District  of  Columbia  will  be  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Chief  of  Engi- 
neers. All  other  deeds  and  papers  pertaining  to  the  title  or  sale  of,  and  any  lease, 
grant,  license,  or  easement  of,  upon,  or  over  any  military  reservation  or  other  lands 
under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  War  Department  will  be  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Judge- 
Advocate-General.  When  any  such  papers  come  into  the  possession  of  any  bureau 
they  shall  within  five  days  thereafter  be  transferred  to  the  office  of  the  Judge- 
Ad  vocate-G  eneral . 

7§7.  Permanent  military  buildings  will  be  constructed  only  under  special  author- 
ity granted  by  an  act  of  Congress,  unless  the  work  or  labor  connected  therewith  is 
performed  by  troops,  and  in  such  case  the  authority  of  Congress  must  first  be  obtained 
if  the  estimated  cost  of  the  building  or  structure  exceeds  $20,000. 

7§8.  Permanent  barracks,  quarters,  or  other  buildings,  or  piers  or  wharves,  will 
not  be  erected  or  constructed  except  by  the  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  in 
accordance  with  plans  approved  by  him;  nor  will  any  material  alterations  be  made 
in  public  buildings  unless  like  authority  is  first  obtained;  nor  will  any  expenditures 
exceeding  $500  be  made  upon  any  building  or  grounds  at  any  post,  fort,  arsenal,  or 
depot  without  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War  and  upon  detailed  estimates 
submitted  to  him. 

789.  A  copy  of  the  plat  of  the  lands  at  each  post,  fort,  arsenal,  and  depot,  fur- 
nished from  the  proper  bureau,  will  be  carefully  preserved  in  the  office  of  the  com- 
manding oflBcer. 


BOAEDS    OF   SURVEY.  109 

ARTICLE  LXI. 

Boards  op  Survey. 

790.  Public  property  which  has  been  damaged,  except  by  fair  wear  and  tear,  or 
is  unsuitable  for  the  service,  before  being  submitted  to  an  inspector  for  condemna- 
tion, will  be  examined  by  a  board  of  survey.  By  order  of  the  commanding  officer, 
public  animals  may  be  killed  to  prevent  contagion  or  terminate  suffering;  clothing 
infected  with  contagious  disease,  and  stores  that  have  become  so  deteriorated  as  to 
endanger  health  or  injure  other  stores,  may  be  destroyed;  but  in  every  case  of  this 
nature  a  board  of  survey  shall  act,  and  an  inventory  and  inspection  report  signed  by 
the  accountable  and  commanding  officers  will  be  prepared  and  forwarded.  In  urgent 
cases  the  taking  of  proof  and  the  preparation  of  written  proceedings  by  the  board 
may  follow  the  destruction  of  the  property. 

•791.  A  board  of  survey  will  be  called  by  the  commanding  officer  of  the  regiment, 
independent  battalion,  post,  or  station.  Such  boards  may,  however,  be  convened  by 
the  commanding  officer  of  a  department,  an  army  corps,  division,  or  brigade.  It 
will  be  composed  of  three  officers,  exclusive  of  the  commanding  officer  and  those 
who  are  interested,  if  that  number  be  present  for  duty;  otherwise,  of  as  many  as  are 
so  present,  exclusive  of  the  commanding  and  interested  officers;  or  if  none  but  the 
commanding  officer  and  interested  officers  be  present  for  duty,  then  of  the  com- 
manding officer.  When  only  the  responsible  or  interested  officer  is  present,  he  will 
not  constitute  himself  a  board  of  survey,  but  will  furnish  the  next  higher  commander 
authorized  to  convene  such  boards  his  certificate  of  facts  and  circumstances,  sup- 
ported by  the  testimony  of  witnesses,  or  by  the  affijlavits  of  enlisted  men  or  others 
who  are  cognizant  thereof.  Should  the  case  thus  presented  not  be  considered  satis- 
factory, or  in  a  case  in  which  only  interested  officers  with  opposing  interests  are 
present  for  duty  at  the  post  or  station,  the  next  higher  commander  authorized  to  con- 
vene boards  of  survey  may  make  the  necessary  investigation.  In  cases  where  the 
property  in  question  has  been  previously  acted  upon  by  a  board  of  survey,  the  order 
convening  the  board  will  so  state,  and  require  that  the  proceedings  of  any  previous 
board  or  boards  be  considered. 

"792.  Commanding  officers  of  regiments  or  separate  battalions  serving  in  the  field 
and  commanders  of  divisions  and  separate  brigades  have  the  same  power  to  convene 
boards  of  survey  and  to  act  on  their  proceedings  as  are  vested  in  the  commanding 
officers  of  posts  by  these  Kegulations. 

793.  A  board  of  survey  must  fully  investigate  matters  submitted  to  it.  It  will 
call  for  all  evidence  attainable,  and  will  not  limit  its  inquiries  to  proofs  or  statements 
presented  by  parties  in  interest.  It  will  rigidly  scrutinize  the  evidence,  especially 
in  cases  of  alleged  theft  or  enfibezzlement,  and  will  not  recommend  the  relief  of 
officers  or  soldiers  from  responsibility  unless  fully  satisfied  that  those  charged  with 
the  care  of  property  have  performed  their  whole  duty  in  regard  to  it.  In  no  case, 
however,  will  the  report  of  a  board  take  the  place  of  the  evidence  required  in  para- 
graph 764. 

794.  The  party  responsible  for  the  property  to  be  surveyed  will  in  all  cases  fur-- 
nish  the  original  certificates  or  affidavits  or  the  testimony  of  the  witnesses  upon 
which  he  relies  to  relieve  him  from  responsibility  and  the  number  of  duly  attested 
copies  of  such  affidavits  or  certificates  thereof  required  by  a  board  of  survey  to 
accompany  its  proceedings. 

795.  A  board  of  survey  has  no  powder  to  administer  oaths  to  its  members,  who 
act  under  the  sanction  of  their  oaths  of  office.  It  should  hear  in  person  or  by  depo- 
sition all  persons  concerned  in  the  subject-matter  before  it. 


110  BOAEDS    OF    SURVEY. 

T96.  The  recorder  or,  if  there  be  no  recorder,  the  president  of  a  board  appointed 
to  conduct  an  investigation  under  the  authority  conferred  by  section  183  of  the 
Revised  Statutes  (act  of  March  2,  1901)  has  authority  to  administer  an  oath  to  any 
witness  attending  to  testify  or  depose  in  the  course  of  such  investigation. 

797.  A  board  of  survey  can  not  condemn  public  property.  Its  action  is  purely 
advisory.  It  is  called  for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining  and  reporting  facts,  submitting 
opinions,  and  making  recommendations  upon  questions  of  responsibility  which  may 
arise  through  accident,  mistake,  or  neglect.  For  example,  it  investigates  and  deter- 
mines questions  involving  the  character,  amount,  and  cause  of  damage  or  deficiency 
which  public  property  may  have  sustained  in  transit,  store,  or  use,  and  which  is  not 
the  result  of  ordinary  wear  and  tear  of  the  service,  and  reports  the  investigation 
made,  its  opinions  thereon,  and  fixes  responsibility  for  such  damage  or  deficiency 
upon  the  proper  party.  It  makes  inventories  of  property  ordered  to  be  abandoned 
when  the  articles  have  not  been  enumerated  in  the  orders  for  abandonment.  It 
recommends  the  prices  at  which  damaged  clothing  may  be  issued  and  the  proportion 
in  which  supplies  shall  be  issued  in  consequence  of  damage  or  deterioration  that 
renders  them,  at  the  usual  rate,  unequal  to  the  regulation  allowance,  fixing  in  each 
instance  responsibility  for  actual  condition.  It  verifies  the  discrepancy  between 
invoices  and  the  actual  quantity  or  description  of  property  transferred  from  one 
officer  to  another,  fixes  definitely  amounts  received  for  which  the  receiving  officer 
must  receipt,  and  ascertains,  as  far  as  possible,  where  and  how  the  discrepancy  has 
occurred.  It  inventories  and  reports  the  condition  of  property  in  the  possession  of 
deceased  officers  as  provided  for  in  paragraph  97. 

79 §.  The  proceedings  of  a  board  of  survey  will  be  prepared  in  triplicate  and 
signed  by  each  member  who  concurs  in  the  finding.  Should  a  member  not  concur, 
he  will  submit  a  minority  report,  to  be  embodied  in  the  record  immediately  after  the 
majority  report  and  signed  by  the  dissenting  member.  The  proceedings  will  then 
be  submitted  to  the  convening  authority  for  approval  or  disapproval. 

799.  When  the  value  of  the  property  submitted  for  survey  or  the  loss  or  damage 
to  be  inquired  into  does  not  exceed  $500,  and  the  interested  oflftcer  does  not  request 
the  department  commander's  action,  the  proceedings  of  the  board  will  be  considered 
complete,  for  submission  as  a  property  voucher,  upon  the  approval  of  the  convening 
authority.  One  copy  will  then  be  forwarded  to  department  headquarters  and  the 
others  delivered  to  the  officer  accountable. 

§00.  Should  the  proceedings  be  disapproved  by  the  convening  authority,  or 
should  the  value  of  the  property  submitted  for  survey  or  the  loss  or  damage  to  be 
inquired  into  exceed  $500,  or,  whatever  the  amount  involved,  should  the  officer 
pecuniarily  interested  request  it,  the  proceedings  in  triplicate  will  be  forwarded  to 
the  next  higher  commander  authorized  by  paragraph  791  to  convene  boards  of  sur- 
vey for  review,  and  with  his  action  are  complete.  One  copy  will  then  be  filed  at 
department  headquarters  and  the  others  sent  to  the  accountable  officer.  But  all 
proceedings  of  boards  of  survey,  whatever  their  nature  or  the  amounts  involved,  are 
subject  on  call  to  the  approval  or  disapproval  of  the  next  higher  commander  author- 
ized to  convene  such  boards,  or  such  other  action  on  his  part  as  the  merits  of  the 
case  or  the  interests  of  the  Government  may  in  his  opinion  require. 

801.  The  proceedings  of  a  board  of  survey  which  recommends  the  relief  of  officers 
and  enlisted  men  from  responsibility  should  not  be  approved  unless  full  and  careful 
investigation  and  convincing  proof  to  sustain  the  board's  findings  appear. 

§02.  Properly  approved  proceedings  of  boards  of  survey  may  be  submitted  as 
vouchers  to  property  returns.  They  are  not  to  be  considered  as  conclusive  until 
accepted  by  the  Secretary  of  War.  Until  then  they  are  to  be  regarded  simply  as  the 
opinions  and  recommendations  of  disinterested  officers,  to  aid  in  the  settlement  of 


BOARDS    OF    SURVEY.  Ill 

questions  of  accountability  between  the  Government  and  the  individuals  concerned. 
If,  on  examination  in  the  proper  bureau,  they  exhibit  serious  errrors  or  defects 
either  of  investigation  or  of  finding,  they  will  not  be  accepted  as  sufficient  vouchers, 
and  the  officer  submitting  them  will  be  duly  notified,  that  he  may  have  opportunity 
to  make  explanations  or  appeal  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

803.  At  posts  or  stations  not  under  the  control  of  department  commanders  com- 
manding officers  will  be  governed  by  these  regulations  in  convening  boards  of  survey 
and  acting  upon  their  proceedings,  but  in  cases  referred  to  in  paragraph  800  will  for- 
ward the  papers  to  the  chiefs  of  bureaus  to  which  the  property  pertains. 

§04.  Separate  proceedings  of  boards  of  survey  will  be  had  for  each  staff  depart- 
ment concerned. 

§05.  Whenever  a  board  recommends  a  stoppage  against  an  enlisted  man  and  the 
recommendation  is  approved,  the  convening  authority  will  cause  a  copy  of  the  pro- 
ceedings to  be  furnished  to  the  company  commander  who  will  charge  the  amount 
on  the  next  pay  rolls  of  the  company. 

§06.  If  an  inspection  of  property  follows  the  action  of  a  board  of  survey  thereon, 
one  copy  of  the  proceedings  will  accompany  the  inventory  and  inspection  report 
which  is  transmitted  for  approval,  and  will  afterwards  be  returned  to  be  used  as  a 
voucher  to  the  officer's  returns,  and  another,  with  the  inventory  and  inspection 
report,  will  be  filed  by  the  officer  with  his  retained  papers. 

§07.  For  private  property  of  officers  or  enlisted  men  lost  or  destroyed  in  the  mil- 
itary service  without  fault  or  negligence  on  the  part  of  the  claimant,  ' '  where  the 
private  property  so  lost  or  destroyed  was  shipped  on  board  an  unseaworthy  vessel 
by  order  of  any  officer  authorized  to  give  such  order  or  direct  such  shipment,"  or 
"where  it  appears  that  the  loss  or  destruction  of  the  private  property  of  the  claim- 
ant was  in  consequence  of  his  having  given  his  attention  to  the  saving  of  the  prop- 
erty belonging  to  the  United  States  which  was  in  danger  at  the  same  time  and  under 
similar  circumstances,"  compensation  may  be  made  under  the  provisions  of  the  act 
of  Congress  approved  March  3,  1885.  Proceedings  of  a  board  of  survey  will,  if  pos- 
sible, accompany  each  application  under  this  act,  showing  fully  the  circumstances 
attending  the  loss.  All  personal  property  for  the  loss  or  destruction  of  which  pay- 
ment is  claimed  must  be  enumerated  and  described  in  the  proceedings  of  the  board 
of  survey,  but  the  finding  of  the  board  will  recommend  payment  for  only  such  arti- 
cles as,  in  the  opinion  of  the  board,  were  reasonable,  useful,  necessary,  and  proper 
for  the  claimant  to  have  in  the  public  service  in  the  line  of  duty. 


'  or  TMK 

VNIVEKSITY 


112  CIVILIAN    EMPLOYEES. 

ARTICLE   LXII. 

Civilian  Employees, 
general  provisions. 

80§.  In  the  staff  corps  and  departments  the  employment  of  civihans  will  be  reg- 
ulated by  the  respective  chiefs  of  bureaus  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of 
War,  Those  whose  services  are  engaged  with  the  intention  or  probability  of  retain- 
ing them  for  more  than  three  months  are  classified  as  jXirmanent  employees.  Their 
appointment,  dismissal,  promotion,  or  reduction  will  be  made,  under  the  supervision 
of  the  respective  chiefs  of  bureaus,  by  the  officers  employing  them,  except  as  con- 
trolled by  statute  or  the  civil-service  rules;  but  in  selections  for  such  employment 
preference  will  be  given,  as  far  as  practicable,  to  applicants  who  have  served  merito- 
riously as  enlisted  men  in  the  Army,  and  the  appointments  and  promotions  of  all 
permanent  employees,  except  mechanics,  laborers,  teamsters,  and  others  of  similar 
or  kindred  occupations,  will  be  submitted  for  the  approval  or  confirmation  of  the 
Secretary  of  War. 

§09.  The  clerks  and  messengers  authorized  by  the  act  of  Congress  of  August  6, 
1894,  will  be  employed  and  apportioned  to  the  several  headquarters  and  stations  by 
the  Secretary  of  War,  and  will  not  be  ordered  thence  without  his  authority.  All 
messenger  service  at  the  several  department  headquarters,  except  for  staff  officers 
not  assigned  to  the  department  staff,  and,  as  far  as  practicable,  all  clerical  services 
thereat,  will  be  performed  by  this  class  of  employees. 

810.  Department  commanders  will  confine  expenditures  for  civilian  employees 
within  the  allotments  for  the  purpose  made  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary 
of  War. 

811.  Civil  engineers,  clerks,  inspectors,  storekeepers,  packers,  watchmen,  mes- 
sengers, teamsters,  mechanics,  and  laborers  will,  as  a  rule,  be  engaged  by  the  month, 
day,  or  piece,  and  paid  at  the  end  of  each  calendar  month.  They  will  be  designated 
upon  the  rolls  in  the  capacity  in  which  employed  and  at  the  rates  established. 
When  discharged  and  not  paid,  certified  statements  will  be  given  them. 

§12.  Eight  hours  constitute  a  day's  work  for  all  mechanics  and  laborers  employed 
by  or  on  behalf  of  the  United  States,  except  in  cases  of  emergency.  This  rule  does 
not  extend  to  engineers,  firemen,  seamen,  watchmen,  messengers,  teamsters,  and 
others,  the  nature  of  whose  employment  is  peculiar  and  whose  services  may  be  neces- 
sary at  any  or  occasionally  at  all  hours  of  the  day. 

TRAVELING    EXPENSES. 

§13.  For  authorized  journeys  of  civilian  employees  of  any  branch  of  the  military 
service  transportation  requests  will  be  obtained  when  practicable,  but  will  be  obtained 
in  every  case  for  travel  over  bond-aided  railroads. 

§14.  Reimbursement  of  actual  expenses  when  traveling  under  competent  orders 
will  be  allowed,  under  the  following  heads,  to  civilians  in  the  employ  of  any  branch 
of  the  military  service,  excepting  the  expert  accountant  of  the  Inspector-General's 
Department,  paymasters'  clerks,  and  those  mentioned  in  the  next  succeeding  para- 
graph, viz: 

1.  Cost  of  transportation  (excluding  parlor-car  fare)  over  the  shortest  usually  trav- 
eled route,  when  it  was  impracticable  to  furnish  transportation  in  kind  on  transporta- 
tion requests. 

2.  Cost  of  transfers  to  and  from  railroad  stations,  not  exceeding  50  cents  for  each 
transfer. 


CIVILIAN    EMPLOYEES.  113 

3.  Cost  of  one  double  berth  in  a  sleeping  car,  or  customary  stateroom  acconmiO(.la« 
lion  on  Ixmts  and  steamers  when  extra  charge  is  made  therefor. 

4.  Cost  of  meals  not  exceeding  $3  per  day  while  en  route  when  meals  are  not 
included  in  the  transportation  fare  i)aid;  and  not  exceeding  $3  per  day  for  meals  and 
lodgings  during  necessary  delay  en  route. 

5.  Cost  of  meals  and  lodgings  not  exceeding  $3  per  day  while  on  duty  at  places 
designated  in  the  orders  for  the  performance  of  temporary  duty. 

§15.  Laborers,  teamsters,  and  employees  of  similar  character,  traveling  under 
competent  orders,  will  be  entitled  to  such  actual  and  necessary  expenses  of  travel  and 
sul)sistence  as  may  be  authorized  by  the  chief  of  bureau  which  pays  the  accounts. 
Those  in  receipt  of  a  ration  under  paragraph  1378  will  not  be  allowed  commutation 
therefor.  If  it  be  impractical)le  for  them  to  carry  rations  in  kind,  rations  will  not  be 
drawn  for  the  period  during  which  they  are  traveling. 

810.  None  but  the  authorized  items  of  traveling  expenses  of  civilians  will  be 
allowed.  They  will  in  all  cases  be  set  forth  in  detail  in  each  voucher  for  reimburse- 
ment supported  by  oath  and,  when  practicable,  by  receipts. 

§17.  Commutation  of  rations  and  other  allowances  for  the  subsistence  of  civilian 
employees  hereinbefore  provided,  cease  upon  the  arrival  of  the  employees  at  the 
destination  mentioned  in  their  orders  for  travel;  they  must  then  subsist  on  their 
rations,  if  entitled  to  them,  or  provide  for  their  subsistence  out  of  their  regular  pay. 

§1§.  Paymasters'  clerks  and  the  expert  accountant  of  the  Inspector-General' a 
Department  when  traveling  on  duty  will,  when  transportation  in  kind  can  not  be 
furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  be  reimbursed  for  cost  of  transporta- 
tion  paid  by  them  exclusive  of  parlor  or  sleeping  car  fares  or  transfers,  and  wiP 
receive  in  addition  thereto,  for  all  travel  whether  or  not  on  transportation  requests, 
four  cents  per  mile  for  each  mile  necessarily  traveled  by  them  in  the  performance  of 
duty;  distance  to  be  computed  over  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route. 

§19.  Actual  traveling  expenses,  as  contemplated  in  the  preceding  paragraphs,  are 
paid  by  the  following  departments,  viz: 

Pay  Department. — To  paymasters'  clerks,  the  expert  accountant  of  the  Inspector- 
General's  Department,  civilians  summoned  as  witnesses  before,  and  authorized 
reporters  of,  military  courts. 

Ordnance  Department. — To  employees  at  arsenals  and  armories  (cost  of  transportation 
included)  from  appropriations  for  the  service  of  the  Ordnance  Department. 

Emjineer  Department. — To  employees  on  public  works  and  fortifications  (cost  of 
transportation  included)  from  appropriations  made  specifically  for  the  work. 

Quartermaster's  Department. — To  employees  of  the  Quartermaster's  and  Subsistence 
Departments,  and  other  employees  of  the  Army  not  above  provided  for. 

§20.  When  officers  of  the  staff  departments  change  station  the  transfer  of  clerks 
or  other  employees  to  the  new  stations  at  the  expense  of  the  United  States  is  pro- 
hibited, except  in  cases  of  urgent  necessity,  for  which  the  sanction  of  the  Secretary  of 
War  will  be  first  obtained.     The  Pay  Department  is  excepted  from  this  regulation. 

22778—03 8 


114  STAFF    ADMINISTRATION. 

ARTICLE  LXIII. 

Staff  Administration. 

§21.  The  supply,  payment,  and  recruitment  of  the  Army,  and  the  direction  of 
the  expenditures  of  the  appropriations  for  its  support,  are  by  law  intrusted-  to  the 
Secretary  of  War.  He  exercises  control  through  the  bureaus  of  the  War  Depart- 
ment. He  determines  where  and  how  particular  supplies  shall  be  purchased, 
delivered,  inspected,  stored,  and  distributed. 

S22.  When  a  chief  of  bureau  of  the  War  Department  desires  to  change  the  station 
of  an  officer  or  enlisted  man  of  his  department,  or  to  send  him  on  duty  peculiar 
thereto  (except  in  cases  of  officers  employed  under  the  appropriation  for  the  improve- 
ment of  rivers  and  harbors) ,  he  will  make  application  for  authority  to  do  so  through 
the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  setting  forth  the  reasons  for  the  change  or  the 
purpose  of  the  journeys. 

§23.  The  assignment  to  stations  of  staff  officers  and  of  enlisted  men  of  the  staff 
departments  will  be  made  by  the  Secretary  of  War  in  orders  from  the  Headquarters 
of  the  Army,  or  by  department  commanders  acting  under  the  special  authority  of 
the  Secretary  of  War.  In  the  case  of  medical  officers,  the  Surgeon-General,  in  rec- 
ommending changes  of  stations,  will  designate  the  posts  or  stations  to  which  he  desires 
assignments  to  be  made.  The  removal  of  an  officer  from  the  station  to  which  he  has 
been  assigned  by  the  Secretary  of  War  will  not  be  made  by  department  commanders, 
except  in  cases  of  urgent  necessity  when  time  will  not  admit  of  first  obtaining 
authority  therefor  from  the  Secretary  of  War;  in  such  cases  prompt  report  will  be 
made  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

§24.  When  business  upon  which  a  board  of  officers  is  to  be  assembled  is  solely 
within  the  sphere  of  duty  of  a  particular  staff  department,  and  the  members  thereof 
are  to  be  selected  from  the  same,  the  chief  of  such  department  will  call  the  board  if 
it  is  to  meet  at  a  post  or  station  under  his  immediate  control  and  is  to  be  composed 
only  of  officers  serving  thereat;  otherwise  the  order  appointing  it  will  be  issued  by 
direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

§25.  Copies  of  all  important  communications  from  a  bureau  of  the  War  Depart- 
ment to  a  disbursing  officer  on  the  staff  of  a  department  commander,  which  concern 
service  in  such  department,  will  be  sent  direct  to  the  department  commander. 

§26.  Staff  officers  assigned  to  the  command  of  an  officer  are  under  his  supervision 
and  control  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  or  affecting  the  command  which  are  not 
specially  excepted  therefrom  by  the  regulations  or  orders  of  the  War  Department. 

§27.  Commanders  of  departments,  in  order  to  avoid  unnecessary  clerical  labor 
and  accumulation  of  papers,  will  call  upon  officers  under  their  orders  for  only  such 
abstracts  or  reports,  in  addition  to  those  required  by  regulations,  as  may  be  needed 
for  proper  administration. 

§2§.  Commanding  officers  will  cause  returns,  requisitions,  and  estimates  pertain- 
ing to  their  respective  commands  to  be  promptly  made  and  forwarded. 

§29.  Officers  doing  duty  as  staff  officers  at  military  posts  will  submit  their  esti- 
mates and  requisitions  for  supplies,  property,  and  money  to  their  immediate  com- 
manding officers  for  revision  and  approval,  who  will  carefully  examine  estimates  and 
requisitions,  and  satisfy  themselves  that  money  or  articles  asked  for  are  in  amount, 
quantity,  and  kind  actually  required  for  the  public  service  during  the  period  covered. 

§30.  The  chief  of  each  branch  of  the  staff  of  any  command  will  carefully  revise 
the  estimates  and  requisitions  for  money  and  supplies  for  the  command  in  so  far  as 
his  particular  branch  is  concerned.  He  will  ascertain  and  recommend  the  cheapest 
markets  and  most  economical  routes  of  transportation.     Such  officers  will  receive 


DEPARTMENT.  115 

from  their  commanders  timely  instructions  as  to  all  contemplated  movements  of 
troops  and  as  to  any  probable  increase  or  diminution  of  the  garrison  at  any  particular 
post,  that  a  proper  and  economical  distribution  of  supplies  may  be  made. 

§31.  Officers  of  the  staff  departments  assigned  to  the  charge  of  general  depots,  or' 
to  the  duty  of  purchasihg  supjxlies  for  troops  not  included  in  the  military  department 
in  which  they  are  located,  will  submit  to  the  department  commander  such  estimates 
only  as  relate  to  the  service  under  his  command.     In  all  other  matters  they  will 
communicate  directly  with  the  chiefs  of  their  bureaus. 

§32.  It  is  the  duty  of  commanding  officers  to  enforce  rigid  economy  in  i)ublic 
exj)enses,  and  to  correct  all  irregularity  and  extravagance  which  they  may  discover; 
to  see  that  disbursements  are  economically  made,  and  that  public  property  is  pro- 
tected; to  carefully  scrutinize  all  contracts  and  vbuchers  for  disbursements,  and  to 
guard  the  public  interests  in  every  particular. 

ARTICLE   LXIV. 

Adjutant-General's  Department. 

§33.  The  Adjutant-General's  Department  is  the  bureau  of  orders  and  records  of 
the  Army. 

Orders  and  instructions  emanating  from  the  War  Department  or  Army  Headciuar- 
ters  and  all  general  regulations  are  communicated  to  troops  and  individuals  in  the 
military  service  through  the  Adjutant-General.  His  office  is  the  repository  for  the 
records  of  the  War  Department  which  relate  to  the  personnel  of  the  permanent  mili- 
tary establishment  and  militia  in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  to  the  military 
history  of  every  commissioned  officer  and  soldier  thereof,  and  to  the  movements  and 
operation  of  troops. 

The  records  of  all  appointments,  promotions,  resignations,  deaths,  and  other  casu- 
alties in  the  Army,  the  preparation  and  distribution  of  commissions,  and  the  compi- 
lation and  issue  of  the  Army  Register  and  of  information  concerning  examinations 
for  appointment  and  promotion,  pertain  to  the  Adjutant-General's  Office. 

The  Adjutant-General  is  charged,  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War, 
with  the  management  of  the  recruiting  service,  the  collection  and  classification  of 
military  information  in  regard  to  our  own  and  foreign  countries,  the  preparation  of 
instructions  to  officers  detailed  to  visit  encampments  of  militia,  and  the  digesting, 
arranging,  and  preserving  of  their  reports;  also  the  preparation  of  the  annual  returns 
of  the  militia  required  by  law  to  be  submitted  to  Congress.  Requests  for  military 
information,  which  require  action  on  the  part  of  any  military  attach^  of  the  United 
States,  will  be  made  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

§34.  In  the  Adjutant-General's  Office  the  names  of  all  enlisted  soldiers  are 
enrolled,  enlistments  and  descriptive  lists  filed,  deaths,  discharges,  desertions,  etc., 
recorded,  the  general  returns  of  the  Army  consolidated,  returns  of  regiments  and 
posts  and  all  muster  rolls,  and  the  inventories  of  effects  of  deceased  officers  and 
soldiers  preserved. 

§35.  Rules  for  keeping  record  books,  and  forms  for  rolls,  returns,  etc.,  will  be 
furnished  the  proper  officers  on  direct  application  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the 
Army. 

§36.  Manuscript  returns,  rolls,  certificates,  and  other  documents  are  prohibited, 
when  the  proper  printed  forms  are  on  hand. 


116  MILITARY    CORRESPONDENCE. 

ARTICLE  liXV. 

Military  Cokresponuence. 

§37.  An  official  letter  should  refer  to  one  subject  only.  Letters  of  transmittal 
will  ]>e  used  only  when  necessary,  and  when  used  must  refer  only  to  the  matter 
transmitted ;  none  are  required  with  rolls,  returns,  or  jjeriodical  reports.  Telegrams 
will  be  followed  by  official  copies  sent  by  first  mail. 

§3§.  A  half  sheet  of  letter  paper  will  be  used  for  a  communication  requiring  but  a 
single  page.  When  more  than  three  pages  are  required  for  the  body  of  a  manuscript 
communication  an  additional  half  sheet,  or  more  if  necessary,  will  be  neatly  pasted 
to  it,  so  that  the  last  or  outer  page  may  be  left  entirely  blank. 

§39.  Letter  paper  will  be  folded  in  three  and  foolscap  in  four  equal  folds  parallel 
with  the  writing.  The  inner  or  left  edge  of  the  sheet  is  the  top  when  folded;  the 
left  fold  of  the  outer  page  is  the  first  fold.  The  first  fold  will  be  used  exclusively  for 
a  brief  analysis  of  the  contents  of  the  communication,  the  office  marks,  and  note  of 
inclosures. 

§40.  The  post-office  address  of  an  officer's  station  will  be  given  in  his  official  let- 
ters. Indefinite  expressions  of  locality,  which  do  not  indicate  where  the  letter  was 
written,  will  not  be  used. 

§41<.  Official  communications  will  be  signed  or  authenticated  with  the  pen  and 
not  by  facsimiles.  Signatures  will  be  plainly  and  legibly  written,  with  the  rank  and 
regiment  or  corps  of  the  writer  annexed;  if  by  order,  stating  by  whose,  order.  By  vir- 
tue of  the  commission  and  assignment  to  duty  the  adjutant-general  or  adjutant  of  any 
command  transacts  the  business  or  correspondence  of  that  command  over  his  own 
signature;  but  when  orders  or  instructions  of  any  kind  are  given,  the  authority  by 
which  he  gives  the  order  must  be  stated.  In  the  absence  of  a  department  com- 
mander, his  adjutant-general,  in  signing  the  communications  to  be  forwarded  to 
higher  authority,  will  add  to  his  signature  the  words,  ' '  In  the  absence  of  the  depart- 
ment commander." 

§42.  An  officer  will  not  be  designated  in  orders  nor  addressed  in  official  commu- 
nications by  any  other  title  than  that  of  his  actual  rank. 

§43.  A  letter  will  be  properly  briefed  at  the  first  office  at  which  it  is  received  and 
entered. 

§44.  Indorsements  commence  at  the  top  of  the  second  fold,  and  are  numbered 
serially  in  order  of  dates  on  the  successive  folds,  leaving  room  after  each  for  office 
marks.  Additional  space  for  indorsements  will  be  provided  by  pasting  slips  of  paper 
on  the  under  side  of  the  last  fold  (right  edge  of  original  paper),  each  slip,  when 
attached,  to  have  the  same  length  and  width  as  the  original  fold,  and  to  turn  back 
upon  the  last  fold  like  the  leaf  of  a  book.  The  first  fold,  on  which  the  brief  is  made, 
is  always  outside.  Printed  labels,  by  way  of  indorsement,  will  not  be  pasted  on  offi- 
cial papers.  In  no  case  will  a  loose  wrapper  be  placed  around  an  official  paper, 
except  as  a  mere  covering. 

§45.  All  inclosures  will  be  numbered,  and  will  be  given  the  proper  office  marks. 
Inclosures  to  the  original  communication  are  noted  on  the  first  fold,  just  below  the 
brief.  If  others  are  added  when  an  indorsement  is  made,  their  number  will  be 
noted  at  the  foot  of  the  indorsement  to  which  they  pertain  and  also  on  the  first  fold 
of  the  original  communication.  To  the  latter  notation  will  be  added  the  number  of 
the  indorsement  to  which  they  belong,  thus,  "One  inclosure — fifth  indorsement." 
Inclosures  to  indorsements  are  numbered  in  the  same  series  as  those  to  the  original 
paper,  and  the  number  of  the  indorsement  to  which  they  belong  is  added  below.  If 
few  in  number  and  not  bulky,  inclosures  may  be  kept  inside  the  original  paper; 
otherwise  they  will  be  folded  together  in  a  wrapper  marked  "inclosures."     Officers 


MILITARY    CORRESPONDENCE.  Il7 

through  whose  hands  official  papers  j)ass  will  make  the  indosures  and  shps  secure 
when  they  are  not  so.  (Models  illustrating  the  system  are  furnished  from  the 
Adjutant-General's  Office.) 

§46.  Private  correspondence  from  persona  in  the  military  service  which  they  may 
desire  to  have  forwarded  througli  the  dispatch  agents  of  the  United  States  will  he 
addressed,  under  cover,  to  the  War  Department. 

§47.  All  communications  on  official  matters  intended  for  the  Secretary  of  War, 
except  as  provided  in  paragraph  852,  or  the  Connnanding  (Jeneral  of  the  Army  will 
he  in  writing  and  addressed  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army.  Communica- 
tions, whether  from  a  subordinate  to  a  superior,  or  vice  versa,  will,  as  a  rule,  pass 
through  intermediate  commanders.  In  cases  of  necessity  communication  may  be 
direct,  the  necessity  therefor  being  stated.  This  rule  will  also  govern  in  verbal 
applications.  All  coannunications  fnnn  superiors  to  subordinates  will  be  answered 
through  the  same  channel  as  received.  This  paragraph,  however,  will  not  be 
interpreted  as  including  matters  in  relation  to  which  intermediate  commanders  can 
have  no  knowledge,  and  over  which  they  are  not  expected  to  exercise  control. 

§4§.  Official  correspondence  between  the  heads  of  the  different  departments  of 
the  staff  of  any  command  and  its  commander  will  pass  through  the  adjutant-gen- 
eral or  adjutant  of  the  command.  Communications  to  or  from  a  commander  and 
his  subordinates  will  pass  through  the  siame  channel.  Conununications,  however, 
between  a  dis])ursing  officer  and  the  chief  of  the  bureau  in  which  he  is  serving,  which 
do  not  involve  questions  of  administrative  responsibility  within  the  supervision  of 
commanding  officers,  nor  affect  the  official  interests  of  individuals,  but  which  relate 
exclusively  to  the  routine  of  business  in  his  department,  will  pass  direct. 

§49.  Except  as  provided  in  paragraph  852,  all  communications,  reports,  and  esti- 
mates from  officers  serving  at  a  military  post,  and  communications  of  every  nature 
addressed  to  them  relating  to  affairs  of  the  post,  will  pass  through  the  post  com- 
mander. 

§50.  Officers  who  forward  conununications  will  indorse  thereon  their  approval  or 
disapproval,  with  remarks.  No  communication  should  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant- 
General  of  the  Army  by  a  department  commander  or  other  superior  officer  for  the 
action  of  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army  or  the  Secretary  of  War  without 
some  recommendation  or  expression  of  opinion. 

§51.  A  commander  or  chief  of  bureau  may  communicate  with  those  under  his 
connnand  or  direction  through  a  staff  or  other  suitable  officer.  With  all  others  he 
will  himself  make  the  communication. 

§52.  Chiefs  of  bureaus  of  the  War  Department  are  authorized  to  correspond 
directly  with  the  Secretary  of  War  and  with  the  subordinate  officers  of  their  respec- 
tive corps  upon  any  matter  relating  exclusively  to  the  duties  of  the  bureau  required 
by  statute  to  be  performed  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  neces- 
sary subreferences  of  such  correspondence  and  subreports  will,  in  like  manner,  be 
direct  through  officers  of  the  respective  corps.  Such  correspondence  with  sulx)rdi- 
nate  officers  will  not  embody  instructions  to  be  carried  out  by  an  officer  reporting  to 
or  serving  under  an  officer  commanding  troops,  in  relation  to  any  matter  not  specifi- 
cally excepted  from  his  command  and  control  l)y  law,  or  by  the  Secretary  of  War; 
and  replies  thereto  will  not  embody  remarks  or  recommendations  on  matters  i)er- 
taining  to  the  administration  of  the  officer  commanding. 

§53.  Unless  otherwise  expressly  authorized  by  statute,  an  application  for  the 
official  opinion  of  the  Judge-Advocate-General  or  of  an  officer  of  any  executive 
department  of  the  Government  other  than  the  War  Department  will  be  addressed  to 
the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  and  by  him  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 
Abstract  questions  will  not  be  presented. 


118  MILITAEY    COREESPONDENCE ORDERS. 

854.  Unimportant  and  trivial  communications  need  not  be  forwarded  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  simply  because  addressed  to  him.  Department  com- 
manders should  decide  whether  a  communication  is  of  sufficient  importance  to  be 
forwarded  to  the  Commanding-General  of  the  Army  or  the  Secretary  of  War. 

855.  In  official  correspondence  between  officers  of  the  Army  and  officials  of  other 
branches  of  the  public  service,  and  especially  in  matters  involving  questions  of  juris- 
diction, conflict  of  authority,  or  dispute,  officers  of  the  Army  are  reminded  that 
their  correspondence  should  be  courteous  in  tone  and  free  from  any  expression  par- 
taking of  a  personal  nature  or  calculated  to  give  offense.  Whenever  questions  of 
£uch  character  shall  arise  and  it  is  found  that  they  can  not  be  reconciled  by  an  inter- 
change of  courteous  correspondence,  the  officer  of  the  Army,  as  the  representative 
of  the  interests  of  the  War  Department  in  the  matter  involved,  will  make  a  full 
presentation  of  the  case  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  through  the  proper  military  chan- 
nels, in  order  that  the  same  may  be  properly  considered. 

ARTICLE  LXVI. 

Orders. 

856.  The  orders  of  commanders  of  armies,  corps,  divisions,  brigades,  regiments, 
posts,  territorial  departments,  and  districts  are  denominated  ''general  (or  special) 
orders"  of  such  army,  corps,  etc. ,  according  to  character.  General  and  special  orders 
are  numbered  in  separate  series,  each  beginning  with  the  calendar  year  or  at  the  time 
of  the  establishment  of  the  headquarters.  Orders  issued  by  commanders  of  bat- 
talions, companies,  or  small  detachments  are  simply  denominated  ''orders,"  and 
are  numbered  in  a  single  series,  beginning  with  the  year.  Circulars  issued  from  any 
headquarters  are  numbered  in  a  separate  series. 

85T,  General  orders  announce  the  time  and  place  of  issues  and  payments,  hours 
for  roll  calls  and  duties,  police  regulations  and  prohibitions,  returns  to  be  made  and 
their  forms,  laws  and  regulations  for  the  Army,  promotions  and  appointments,  eulo- 
gies or  censures,  the  results  of  trial  by  general  courts-martial  in  all  cases  of  officers 
or  of  enlisted  men  involving  matters  of  general  interest  and  importance,  and, 
generally,  whatever  it  may  be  important  to  publish  to  the  whole  command.  Orders 
eulogizing  the  conduct  of  living  officers  will  not  be  issued  except  in  cases  of  gallantry 
in  action  or  performance  of  specially  hazardous  service. 

858.  Special  orders  are  such  as  concern  individuals  or  relate  to  matters  that  need 
not  be  made  known  to  the  whole  command. 

859.  General  orders  and  all  important  special  orders  must  be  read  and  approved, 
before  issue,  by  the  officer  whose  orders  they  are. 

860.  An  order  will  state  at  its  head  the  source  from  which  it  emanates,  its  num- 
ber, date,  and  place  of  issue,  and  at  its  foot  the  name  of  the  commander  by  whose 
authority  it  is  issued.  It  may  be  put  in  the  form  of  a  letter  addressed  to  the  indi- 
vidual concerned  through  the  proper  channel. 

861.  Orders  for  any  body  of  troops  will  be  addressed  to  its  commander.  They 
will  be  executed  by  the  commander  present,  and  will  be  published  and  copies 
distributed  by  him  when  necessary. 

862.  In  the  field,  verbal  and  important  written  orders  are  carried  by  officers. 
Dispatches  for  distant  corps  should  be  intrusted  only  to  officers  to  whom  their 
contents  may  be  confided. 

863.  Mounted  enlisted  men  will  be  employed  to  carry  important  dispatches  only 
in  special  and  urgent  cases.  The  precise  hours  of  departure  and  the  rates  at  which 
they  are  to  be  conveyed  will  be  written  clearly  on  the  covers  of  all  dispatches  trans- 
mitted by  mounted  orderlies. 

864.  Orders  to  an  officer  involving  travel  on  duty,  as  for  the  inspection  or  pay- 
ment of  troops,  etc. ,  will  designate  the  troops  and  posts  to  be  visited  and  the  order 
in  which  he  will  visit  them. 


ORDERS.  119 

§65.  Orders  and  instructions  will  be  transmitted  through  intermediate  command- 
ers, in  order  of  rank,  except  when  they  are  of  such  character  that  the  commanders 
have  no  power  to  modify  or  suspend  them.  In  such  cases  the  orders  or  instructions 
will  be  sent  direct  to  the  officer  by  whom  they  are  to  be  executed,  copies  being  fur- 
nished to  the  intermediate  commanders. 

§66.  Printed  orders  are  generally  distributed  direct  to  posts  by  the  headquarters 
from  which  issued.  Files  of  such  orders  will  be  kept  by  each  regiment  and  com- 
pany, and  at  each  military  post,  and  will  be  turned  over  by  a  commander,  when 
relieved,  to  his  successor.  If  general  orders  in  regular  succession  are  not  received 
within  a  reasonable  time,  commanding  officers  will  report  missing  numbers  to  the 
proper  headquarters. 

§67.  In  the  distribution  of  orders  and  circulars  from  the  office  of  the  Adjutant- 
General  of  the  Army,  division  and  department  commanders  are  furnished  such  num- 
ber of  copies  as  they  may  deem  necessary  to  supply  all  the  officers  on  duty  at  their 
headquarters  and  a  surplus  number  to  meet  special  demands. 

1.  General  orders.— Commanding  officers  of  posts  are  furnished  one  copy  of  each 
general  order  or  circular  for  personal  file,  one  for  post  file,  two  for  each  company 
(one  for  the  captain's  personal  file  and  the  other  for  the  company  file),  and  fifteen 
copies  for  regimental  field  officers  and  the  post  staff  (excepting  the  surgeon  and 
quartermaster,  who  are  supplied  through  their  respective  departments). 

Commanding  officers  of  regiments  serving  at  military  posts  are  furnished  five 
copies  for  the  regimental  files  in  addition  to  the  number  furnished  them  as  post 
commanders.  When  a  regiment  is  serving  in  the  field  forty  copies  are  furnished 
regimental  headquarters,  one  copy  each  for  battalion  commanders  and  battalion 
adjutants,  two  copies  for  companies,  and  remaining  number  for  colonel,  lieutenant- 
colonel,  staff,  and  surplus. 

Officers  of  the  staff  departments  are  furnished  copies  through  the  chiefs  of  their 
respective  departments. 

2.  Special  orders. — Seven  full  copies  of  special  orders  are  furnished  to  the  head- 
quarters of  each  military  division  and  department.  These  are  intended  for  the 
department  commander,  adjutant-general,  inspector-general,  judge-advocate,  chief 
quartermaster,  chief  commissary,  and  chief  surgeon.  The  chief  paymaster  is  fur- 
nished a  copy  through  the  Paymaster-General  of  the  Army. 

Extracts  of  special  orders  are  furnished  to  all  concerned  only,  either  direct  or 
through  the  immediate  commander. 

§6§.  In  camp  or  garrison,  orders  that  affect  a  command  will,  as  a  rule,  be  read  to 
the  troops  at  the  first  regular  parade  after  they  are  received.  In  the  field,  when 
orderly  hours  can  not  be  observed,  they  will  be  sent  direct  to  the  troops,  or  com- 
manders of  regiments  or  corps  will  be  informed  when  to  send  to  headquarters  for 
them,  or  during  a  halt  orders  will  be  read  to  troops,  without  waiting  for  the  regular 
parades. 

§69.  Copies  of  all  orders  issued  by  commanders  of  armies  or  territorial  depart- 
ments will  be  forwarded  at  their  dates,  or  as  soon  as  practicable,  to  the  Adjutant- 
General  of  the  Army  and  to  the  head  of  each  staff  department  in  Washington. 

§70.  To  meet  the  requirements  of  the  office  of  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Anny, 
commanding  generals  of  military  divisions  and  departments  will  hereafter  furnish 
this  office  the  following  number  of  copies  of  orders  and  circulars,  three  copies  to  be 
official,  as  soon  as  issued  from  their  headquarters: 

Copies. 

General  orders  and  circulars r  15 

Special  orders 7 

Rosters  of  troops 15 

Index  to  general  orders  and  circulars 10 

Index  to  special  orders 5 


120  ORDERS MUSTER  ROLLS. 

The  commanding  generals  of  the  Division  of  the  Philippines  and  of  Cuba  will 
furnish  twice  the  number  indicated  above,  and  also  thirty  copies  of  all  orders  and 
circulars  issued  by  them  in  relation  to  civil  affairs. 

Commanding  officers  of  military  districts  and  separate  brigades  will  forward  two 
copies  of  all  orders  and  circulars  as  soon  as  issued  from  their  headquarters. 

871.  The  date  of  any  appointment,  detail,  or  removal  affecting  the  pay  of  staff 
officers  or  acting  staff  officers  will  be  immediately  reported  by  the  officer  making 
the  same  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  and  to  the  paymaster  of  the  depart- 
ment or  command  to  which  such  officers  belong. 

ARTICLE  LXVII. 

Muster  Kolls. 

§72.  At  every  muster  of  troops  pay  rolls  will  be  prepared,  signed,  and  disposed 
ef  in  accordance  with  the  directions  on  the  blank  forms  furnished  by  the  Paymaster- 
General  of  the  Army,  and  at  each  bimonthly  muster  on  the  last  day  of  February, 
April,  June,  August,  October,  and  December  muster  rolls  will  be  prepared,  signed, 
and  disposed  of  in  accordance  with  the  directions  on  the  blank  forms  furnished  by 
the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

There  will  be  reported  on  the  regimental  roll  the  regimental  field  officers,  staff 
(commissioned  and  noncommissioned),  and  band;  on  the  post  artillery  corps  rolls, 
the  noncommissioned  staff  (artillery  corps  bands  on  separate  rolls) ;  on  the  company 
rolls,  the  officers  and  enlisted  men  belonging  to  the  company;  on  the  hospital  rolls, 
the  medical  officers,  the  hospital  corps,  and  the  authorized  matrons;  on  the  post 
noncommissioned  staff  rolls,  the  post  noncommissioned  staff.  (These  rolls  will  be 
prepared  and  signed  by  the  adjutant,  who  will  also  keep  the  accounts  and  prepare 
the  final  statements  of  the  men  borne  thereon.)  Enlisted  men  of  the  Signal  Corps 
serving  at  the  post  will  be  mustered  on  a  separate  detachment  roll. 

873.  A  soldier  on  duty  or  in  hospital  at  a  post  or  station  where  his  company  is 
not  mustered  will  be  nmstered  on  a  detachment  roll,  a  separate  roll  l)eing  prepared 
for  each  regiment  or  corps. 

874.  Companies  will  be  designated  on  the  rolls  by  letters  or  numbers,  and  regi- 
ments or  corps,  and  by  the  names  of  their  captains  whether  present  or  absent. 

875.  Corrections  on  muster  and  pay  rolls,  after  muster  and  before  they  have  been 
forwarded,  will  not  be  made  except  with  the  approval  of  the  mustering  officer. 
Retained  rolls  will  not  be  changed  without  authority  from  the  War  Department. 
Calculations  on  the  pay  roll  are  made  by  the  paymaster  and  copied  on  the  retained 
roll  by  the  company  or  detachment  commander,  who  will  certify  that  he  witnessed 
the  payment,  and  will  enter  thereon  the  name  of  the  paymaster. 


RETURNS — REPORTS.  121 

ARTICLE  LXVIII. 

Returns  of  Troops;  Records. 

§76.  Commanders  of  departments,  corps,  and  posts  will  make  to  the  Adjutant- 
General's  Office,  in  Washington,  monthly  returns  of  their  respective  conmiands  on 
forms  furnished  by  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  and  in  accordance  with  the 
directions  printed  thereon.  In  like  manner  company  commanders  will  make 
monthly  returns  of  their  companies  to  regimental  headquarters.  Comniandcrs  of 
military  departments,  in  rendering  the  monthly  returns  required  by  this  paragraph, 
will  cause  separate  returns  to  be  made  of  the  regular  and  volunteer  troops  serving  in 
their  respective  commands. 

§77.  Every  t^ommander  of  a  separate  body  of  troops,  whether  an  army  corps, 
division,  brigade,  regiment,  or  detachment,  and  whether  engaged  in  campaign,  field 
service,  or  occupying  a  temporary  camp,  or  simply  in  transit  from  one  place  to 
another,  will  make  the  monthly  return  required  in  the  preceding  paragraph.  Any 
detachment  so  far  separated  from  the  main  body  to  which  it  belongs  as  to  render  it 
impracticable  for  the  commander  of  the  main  body  to  make  the  nmster  and  insi)ec- 
tion  enjoined  by  the  regulations  is  a  separate  command  within  the  meaning  of  this 
paragraph. 

§7§.  At  the  close  of  January,  March,  May,  July,  September,  and  November  of 
each  year  each  company  connnander  will  forward  with  his  morning  report  to  the 
commanding  officer  a  report  of  enlisted  strength  in  the  prescribed  form.  These  the 
commanding  officer  will  at  once  transmit  to  the  Adjuiant-General  of  the  Army. 
Regimental  commanders  will  forward  similar  reports  of  noncommissioned  staff  and 
band,  including  unassigned  recruits  if  any. 

§79.  Commanding  officers  of  all  detached  or  independent  batteries,  troops,  or 
companies,  in  the  field,  will  forward  a  monthly  company  return  direct  to  th<* 
.\djutant-General  of  the  Army. 

§§0.  Regimental  returns  will  be  made  in  the  name  of  the  colonel  and  those  of  the 
company  in  that  of  the  captain,  whether  those  officers  be  present  or  absent. 

§§1.  When  a  field  officer  is  serving  with  detached  companies  of  his  regiment  the 
commanders  thereof  will  forward  their  returns  through  him,  and  he  will  tran.smit 
them  with  his  personal  report  to  regimental  headquarters. 

§§2.  In  campaign  one  copy  of  every  return  of  troops  will  be  forwarded  through 
intermediate  commanders  and  one  direct  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army, 
unless  otherwise  ordered. 

§§3.  Whenever  the  strength  of  a  separate  command  is  temporarily  or  permanently 
increased  or  diminished  by  the  moving  of  any  organization,  the  commanding  officer 
will  immediately  inform  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  direct,  designating  the 
organization  moved,  number  and  names  of  officers,  and  strength  in  men,  animals, 
and  arms. 

BATTLE   REPORTS,  RETURNS   OF    EFFECTIVES,  CASUALTIES,  ETC. 

§§4.  In  campaign  two  columns  will  be  added  to  the  monthly  return  in  the  space 
reserved  for  remarks,  in  which  shall  be  entered  the  effective  strength  of  the  organi- 
zation. In  determining  such  strength  only  those  who  are  available  for  service  in  the 
line  of  battle  will  be  included.  Oflicers  or  enlisted  men  who  are  sick  or  disabled,  on 
duty  in  any  of  the  staff  or  supply  departments,  or  detached  for  any  cause  will  be 
excluded. 

§§5.  After  every  battle  or  engagement  with  the  enemy,  written  reports  thereof 
will  be  made  by  commanders  of  regiment.s,  separate  battalions  or  squadrons,  com- 
panies or  detachments,  and  by  all  commanders  of  a  higher  grade,  each  in  what  con- 
cerns his  own  command,  which  reports  will  be  forwarded,  through  the  proper  channel, 
to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 


122  BATTLE  REPORTS RECORDS. 

886.  AVhenever  upon  marches,  guards,  or  in  quarters  different  corps  of  the  Army- 
happen  to  join  or  do  duty  together,  and  an  officer  of  the  Marine  Corps  or  the  miUtia 
shall  command  the  whole,  pursuant  to  the  122d  article  of  war,  such  officer  shall 
report  his  action  and  the  operations  of  the  force  under  his  command  through  mili- 
tary channels  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  as  well  as  to  his  superiors  in  his  own  branch 
of  the  service. 

887.  Within  two  days  after  every  action,  the  surgeon  on  duty  with  a  regiment  or 
detachment  participating  will  forward,  through  military  channels,  to  the  chief  sur- 
geon, a  list  of  wounded  in  duplicate.  The  chief  surgeon  will  immediately  forward 
one  copy  to  the  Surgeon-General  and  retain  the  other  to  accompany  his  report  to  the 
commanding  general. 

888.  After  any  action  or  affair  resulting  in  casualties,  a  return  in  triplicate  of 
killed,  wounded,  and  missing  will  be  made,  containing  the  name,  rank,  and  regiment 
of  each  person,  with  such  remarks  and  explanations  as  may  be  necessary  to  a  full 
understanding  of  any  claims  of  the  wounded  soldiers  or  of  representatives  of  the 
deceased.  The  nature  of  the  wound,  the  time  when  and  place  where  received, 
the  company,  regiment,  or  corps  to  which  the  person  belongs,  and  the  name  of  his 
captain,  colonel,  or  other  commanding  officer  will  be  carefully  entered.  One  copy 
of  this  return  will  be  retained,  one  forwarded  direct,  and  the  third  through  military- 
channels  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

889.  A  return  of  all  captured  property  will  be  rendered  to  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army,  through  intermediate  channels,  by  the  immediate  commander  of  the 
troops  making  the  capture. 

Records. 

890.  All  military  records  must  be  carefully  preserved. 

891.  All  public  records  and  papers,  such  as  letters  and  telegrams  received,  books 
of  general  and  special  orders  and  circulars,  books  of  letters  received  and  sent,  guard 
report,  morning  report,  descriptive  and  clothing,  sick  reports,  etc.,  are  the  property 
of  the  United  States  and  will  be  required  by  the  War  Department  in  the  settlement 
of  claims  against  the  Government,  and  for  other  official  purposes.  Whenever  posts, 
districts,  geographical  departments,  corps,  divisions,  brigades,  regiments,  and  com- 
panies are  discontinued,  all  such  records  will  be  carefully  labeled  and  packed,  and 
marked,  showing  the  command  to  which  they  pertain,  and  forwarded  by  express  to 
the  Adjutant- General  of  the  Army. 

892.  The  use  of  colored  inks,  except  as  carmine  or  red  ink  is  used  in  annotation 
and  ruling,  is  prohibited  in  the  records  and  correspondence  of  the  Army. 

893.  Sections  5403  and  5408,  Revised  Statutes,  prescribe  penalties  for  the  fraudu- 
lent or  wrongful  destruction,  withdrawal,  or  removal  from  any  public  office  of  any 
public  record,  paper,  or  document  therein  deposited. 

894.  No  information  will  be  furnished  by  any  person  in  the  military  service 
which  can  be  made  the  basis  of  a  claim  against  the  Government,  except  it  be  given 
as  the  regulations  prescribe  to  the  proper  officers  of  the  War,  Treasury,  or  Interior 
Departments,  or  the  Department  of  Justice.  Information  concerning  sick  and 
wounded  officers  and  enlisted  men  may  be  freely  conveyed  to  allay  the  anxiety  of 
friends.  The  fact  of  death  may  be  communicated  to  relatives,  but  not  circumstances 
connected  therewith  which  could  be  made  use  of  in  prosecuting  claims  against  the 
Government.  If  any  person  in  the  military  service  has  knowledge  of  facts  pertain- 
ing to  the  service  of  an  individual  who  is  an  applicant  for  a  pension,  he  may,  upon 
request,  if  not  pecuniarily  interested,  furnish  a  certificate  or  affidavit  setting  forth 
his  knowledge;  but  record  evidence  will  be  furnished  by  the  War  Department  only. 


PERSONAL    AND    EFFICIENCY    REPORTS.  123 

ARTICLE   LXIX. 

Personal  and  Efficiency  Reports. 

895.  When  any  officer  arrives  at  Washington,  D.  C,  he  will  report  at  the  Adju- 
tant-General's Office,  and  will  there  record  his  name,  residence  in  the  city,  and  the 
authority  by  which  he  is  absent  from  his  station. 

896.  All  general  officers  will  make  a  monthly  report  to  the  Adjutant-General  of 
their  station,  duties,  etc.,  and  the  names  of  all  aids-de-camp  attached  to  their  staffs. 

897.  All  officers  of  the  Regular  or  Volunteer  armies,  absent  from  their  reginients, 
corps,  or  commands,  will,  at  the  end  of  each  month,  make  report  by  letter  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  giving  their  address;  if  on  duty,  the  date  of  com- 
mencement of  same,  nature  thereof  and  by  what  authority,  and  if  not  on  duty,  date 
of  commencement  of  and  authority  for  absence. 

898.  An  officer  detached  from  his  regiment  or  corps  for  duty  at  another  station, 
or  a  field  officer  serving  with  troops  but  not  at  the  headquarters  of  his  regiment,  will 
immediately  report  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  and  to  his  regimental  and 
post  commanders  the  time  of  departure  from  former  station,  of  arrival  at  new  station 
with  a  reference  to  the  authority  for  the  change,  and  his  post-office  address.  As 
soon  as  practicable  he  will  in  like  manner  report  the  nature  of  his  duties,  and  from 
time  to  time  any  material  change  therein,  and  any  change  of  address,  to  the  same 
officers.  An  officer  of  a  staff  corps  or  department,  or  an  officer  serving  therein  who 
is  not  carried  on  department  or  post  returns,  will  make  similar  reports  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  and  the  head  of  the  corps  or  department,  and  such 
other  reports  as  the  chief  of  the  bureau  may  require.  Every  officer  on  the  retired 
list  will,  unless  specially  exempted,  report  his  address  to  the  Adjutant-General  of 
the  Army  quarterly — on  March  31,  June  30,  September  30,  and  December  31 — and 
will  also  report  promptly  each  change  of  address. 

899.  An  individual  service  report  will  be  made  on  June  30  of  each  year  by  each 
officer  of  the  Army,  except  general  officers  and  the  chief  of  each  staff  corps  or 
department.  All  reports  made  by  regimental  officers  will  be  forwarded  direct  to 
the  regimental  commander,  who  will  transmit  them,  with  his  own  individual  report, 
direct  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army.  The  reports  of  officers  of  artillery  will 
he  sent  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  through  post  commanders  and  the  chief 
of  artillery.  Reports  made  by  staff  officers  will  be  forwarded  direct  to  the  chiefs  of 
their  respective  corps  or  departments.  Should  any  officer  be  unable,  from  any  cause, 
to  prepare  his  report  on  the  required  date,  it  will  be  forwarded  at  the  earliest  date 
practicable  thereafter. 

900.  Efficiency  reports  will  be  made  at  the  close  of  each  fiscal  year: 

1.  By  the  commander  of  each  department,  respecting  each  officer  of  his  personal 
and  departmental  staff,  and  each  officer  who  has  commanded  a  post  or  imix)rtant 
camp,  or  has  been  in  charge  of  a  supply  depot  under  his  command,  and  by  each 
officer  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers  in  charge  of  an  engineering  division,  respecting 
each  officer  under  his  orders. 

2.  By  the  chief  of  each  bureau,  respecting  each  officer  of  the  Army  who  is  not 
otherwise  reported  upon  under  these  regulations,  but  who  reports  directly  to  the 
bureau  chief. 

3.  By  the  commanding  officer  of  each  post,  important  camp,  arsenal,  or  armory; 
by  each  officer  in  charge  of  a  depot,  engineer  in  IocbI  charge  of  works,  the  com- 
mandant of  each  service  school,  and  the  Superintendent  of  the  Military  Academy, 
respecting  each  officer  of  the  Army  serving  at  any  such  post,  camp,  station,  school, 
etc.,  during  the  year. 


124  EFFICIENCY    BEPORTS PENALTY    ENVELOPES. 

901.  All  efficiency  reports  respecting  regimental  officers  and  officers  of  artillery 
will  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  and  those  respecting  officers 
of  the  staff  corps  and  departments  to  the  chiefs  of  bureaus  through  intermediate  com- 
manders, who  will  indorse  thereon  such  remarks  as  may  be  proper  in  each  case. 

902.  Each  officer  who  makes  the  annual  inspection  of  the  military  department 
of  any  civil  institution  of  learning  will,  immediately  after  the  inspection,  forward  to 
the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  an  efficiency  report  respecting  each  Army  officer 
on  duty  at  the  institution. 

903.  The  Inspector-General  will  forward  to  the  Secretary  of  War  extracts  of  all 
inspection  reports  containing  specially  favorable  or  unfavorable  mention  of  any  offi- 
cer. Extracts  respecting  officers  of  the  line  and  chaplains  will  be  sent  through  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  and  those  respecting  officers  of  the  staff  corps  or 
departments  through  the  respective  chiefs  of  bureaus.  Copies  of  unfavorable  reports 
will  be  sent  by  chiefs  of  bureaus  to  officers  reported  upon,  for  their  remarks,  and 
these,  when  received,  will  be  filed  with  original  extracts. 

904.  In  preparing  efficiency  reports,  reporting  officers  will  exercise  the  greatest 
care  to  set  forth  all  facts  concerning  each  officer  and  his  record  which  may  aid  the 
Department  in  forming  a  true  estimate  of  standing,  ability,  and  special  fitness  for 
any  military  duties. 

905.  Chiefs  of  staff  corps  and  departments  will  note  the  correctness  of  the 
reports  received  and  wall  add  any  data  known  to  them  which  will  contribute  to  the 
completeness  of  the  record  in  each  case.  All  service  and  efficiency  reports  will  be 
transmitted  to  the  Secretary  of  War  as  soon  as  practicable  after  their  receipt,  verifi- 
cation, and  completion. 

ARTICLE   LXX. 

PenaIvTY  Envelopes. 

906.  Official  ('(jmniunications,  and  other  mailable  matter  relating  exclusively  to 
the  public  business,  will  be  transmitted  through  the  mails  free  of  postage,  if  inclosed 
irf  the  "Penalty  envelope."  Where  an  officer  writes  to  a  private  party  on  official 
business  he  may  inclose  with  his  letter  an  official  penalty  envelope,  properly 
addressed  to  himself,  to  cover  the  reply. 

90T.  Information  which  is  intended  to  be  used  in  the  performance  of  official  duty 
only  is  offi(;ial  information,  while  that  which  is  intended  to  be  used  for  th(i  further- 
ance of  private  interest,  ends,  or  business  in  any  way  whatever,  though  called  for  by 
a  public  officer,  is  private  information.  The  official  envelope  may  be  used  to  give 
or  obtain  the  former,  but  not  the  latter. 

90§.  Envelopes  for  official  mail  matter  for  the  bureaus  of  the  War  Department 
and  Headquarters  of  the  Army  will  have  "War  Department,"  the  designation  of 
headquarters,  bureau,  or  office,  'Official  Business,"  printed  in  three  or  four  lines,  as 
may  be  required,  in  the  upper  left  corner,  and  in  the  upper  right  corner  the  follow- 
ing: "Penalty  for  private  use,  $300."  Envelopes  for  the  use  of  the  headquarters  of 
a  territorial  department,  for  a  post,  station,  armory,  arsenal,  depot,  or  school  of 
instruction,  will  be  of  the  same  form,  with  the  proper  substitution  for  the  designation 
of  the  bureau  or  office,  and  with  the  address  when  necessary.  Envelopes  required 
for  the  transmission  of  printed  matter  may  also  have  printed  thereon  "Printed 
matter."  Other  printing  or  ruling  on  such  envelopes  at  public  expense  is  prohibited 
unless  printed  at  the  Government  Printing  Office.  For  the  official  business  of  offi- 
cers not  embraced  in  the  foregoing  classes,  and  officers  on  the  retired  list,  the  head- 
ing "War  Department,"  "Official  Business,"  will  be  placed  across  the  left  end  of  the 
envelope,  with  the  officer's  official  signature  written  immediately  below  it,  and  with 
the  oenaltv  clause  in  the  UDper  risrht  corner. 


THE    RECRUITING    SERVICE.  ]  25 

909.  PackageH  i)i  public  property  weighing  not  more  than  4  pounds  may  be  sent 
through  tlie  mails  under  cover  of  the  penalty  envelope.  Penalty  envelopes  with 
return  address  may  be  furnished  to  any  person  from  whom  official  information  is 
desired,  or  for  the  return  of  official  vouchers,  but  will  not  be  furnished  to  merchants 
or  other  dealers  to  cover  the  transmission  of  public  i)roperty. 

0 1 0.  The  use  of  freight  or  exi)ress  lines  for  transmitting  official  letters  or  packages 
that  t;an  be  sent  ,])y  mail  is  forbidden. 

911.  The  penalty  envelope  will  not  be  used  for  foreign  correspondence. 

ARTICLE   LXXI. 

The  Recruiting  Sekvice. 
classification  and  details. 

912.  The  recruiting  service  is  general  and  special— general  when  it  concerns  the 
whole  Army,  and  special  when  it  concerns  particular  military  organizations. 

913.  Details  of  officers  for  the  general  recruiting  service,  except  at  posts,  will  onli- 
narily  be  for  two  years,  and  will  be  announced  in  orders  from  the  Adjutant-General's 
Office. 

914.  Officers  of  the  general  recruiting  service  not  at  posts  will  not  be  ordered  on 
any  other  duty,  except  by  authority  from  the  Adjutant-General's  Office. 

rendezvous   and   STATIONS. 

915.  Recruiting  stations  are  the  places  where  recruits  are  enlisted.  Recruit  ren- 
dezvous are  the  designated  posts  at  which  general  service  recruits  are  collected  for 
distribution  to  regiments. 

916.  Recruits  at  each  rendezvous  will  constitute  a  recruit  detachment  to  be 
instructed  by  officers  and  noncommissioned  officers  of  the  garrison  detailed  by  the 
commanding  officer  or  by  others  detailed  for  this  purpose.  The  immediate  com- 
mand of  the  detachment  will  be  vested  in  the  senior  officer  on  duty  with  it.  In  all 
matters  of  police  and  discipline  these  recruits  are  under  the  command  of  the  post 
and  department  commanders,  but  in  all  other  matters,  including  discharges  for  dis- 
ability, they  are  directly  under  the  orders  of  the  Secretary  of  War.  Each  officer  in 
command  of  a  recruit  detachment  will  forward,  through  the  post  commander,  direct 
to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  trimonthly  reports  of  the  strength  of  the 
detachment. 

917.  The  recruiting  officer  in  charge  of  each  city  station  of  the  general  recruiting 
service,  having  first  satisfied  himself  of  the  soldiers'  fitness  for  the  positions,  will 
announce  in  orders  from  his  station,  and  muster  from  the  date  of  such  announce- 
ment, one  member  of  his  recruiting  party  as  sergeant  and  one  as  corporal  "of  the  arm 
of  the  service  to  which  they  respectively  belong,"  i.  e.,  either  infantry,  cavalry,  or 
artillery.  Such  orders  will  be  spread  upon  the  records  of  the  recruiting  station  and 
a  copy  of  each  order  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant-General's  Office  (Recruiting 
Division) ;  a  copy  will  also  be  furnished  to  each  soldier  concerned. 

91  §.  Members  of  recruiting  parties  will  be  regarded  as  belonging  to  the  arm  of 
the  service  for  which  they  last  enlisted  or  from  which  they  were  transferred  to  the 
general  recruiting  service.  Any  member  of  a  party  who  may  hav«  been  enlisted  for 
the  general  service  without  choice  or  designation  of  a  particular  arm  of  the  service 
will  be  mustered  as  an  infantry  soldier  if  enlisted  for  the  foot  service  or  as  a  cavalry 
soldier  if  enlisted  for  the  mounted  service. 
919.  Members  of  recruiting  parties  announced  and  mustered  under  the  provisions 
this  order  as  sergeants  or.  corporals  will  not  be  reductid.  while  performing  such 


126  ENLISTMENTS. 

duty,  without  the  approval  of  the  Adjutant-General.  Their  appointments  as  ser- 
geants or  corporals  will,  however,  terminate  whenever  they  are  relieved  from 
recruiting  duty,  or  when  the  stations  at  which  they  are  serving  are  discontinued, 
unless  they  shall  be  assigned  to  other  recruiting  stations  at  which  there  are  vacancies 
lu  their  respective  grades.  The  recruiting  officer  will  in  every  case  announce  in 
orders  the  date  of  the  termination  of  an  appointment  as  sergeant  or  corporal  and 
furnish  copies  of  each  order  as  indicated  in  paragraph  917. 

920.  All  transfers  of  enlisted  men  to  the  general  recruiting  service  for  duty  on 
recruiting  parties  will  be  as  privates,  the  question  of  their  promotion  as  sergeants  or 
corporals  being  for  determination  after  their  fitness  and  capacity  shall  have  been 
demonstrated.  Individual  applications  for  such  transfers  will  be  forwarded,  when- 
ever practicable,  through  the  proper  commanding  officers,  who  will  indorse  thereon 
their  recommendations,  based  upon  service  and  merit,  and  also  a  statement  of  the 
soldier's  fitness  for  recruiting  duty,  especially  as  regards  clerical  ability  and  knowl- 
edge of  army  papers.  The  transfers  will  be  made  from  time  to  time,  as  the  interests 
of  the  service  require,  in  orders  from  the  office  of  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

ENLISTMENTS. 

921.  Any  male  citizen  of  the  United  States  or  person  who  has  legally  declared 
his  intention  to  become  a  citizen,  if  above  the  age  of  twenty-one  and  under  the  age 
of  thirty-five  years,  able-bodied,  free  from  disease,  of  good  character  and  temperate 
habits,  may  be  enlisted  under  the  restrictions  contained  in  this  article.  In  regard  to 
age  or  citizenship  this  regulation  shall  not  apply  to  soldiers  who  have  served  honestly 
and  faithfully  a  previous  enlistment  in  the  Army. 

922.  Applicants  for  original  enlistment  and  men  who  apply  to  reenter  the  Army 
after  an  interval  of  more  than  three  months  from  date  of  discharge  will  be  required 
to  furnish  evidence  of  good  character.  To  determine  an  applicant's  fitness  and  apti- 
tude for  the  service  and  to  give  him  an  opportunity  to  secure  testimonials  of  charac- 
ter, he  may,  after  having  signed  the  declaration  of  intention  to  enlist  and  passed  the 
required  examination,  be  retained  and  provided  for  not  to  exceed  six  days.  Men  so 
retained  will  be  known  as  "recruits  on  probation."  The  enlistment  paper  of  any 
such  recruit  who  may  be  unfit  or  undesirable  for  the  service,  or  who  may  not  desire 
to  remain  in  the  service,  will  not  be  completed.  The  enlistment  papers  of  recruits 
who  are  accepted  and  duly  sworn  will  bear  the  date  on  which  the  enlistment  is  com- 
pleted by  administering  the  oath. 

923.  The  enlistment  of  persons  of  any  of  the  following  classes  is  prohibited: 
Former  soldiers  whose  service  during  last  term  of  enlistment  was  not  honest  and 
faithful,  insane  or  intoxicated  persons,  deserters  from  the  military  or  naval  service 
of  the  United  States,  persons  who  have  been  convicted  of  felony  or  who  have  been 
imprisoned  under  sentence  of  a  court  in  a  reformatory,  jail,  or  penitentiary;  also  for 
original  enlistment,  persons  under  eighteen  or  over  thirty-five  years  of  age,  and,  for 
first  enlistment  in  time  of  peace,  any  person  (except  an  Indian)  who  is  not  a  citizen 
of  the  United  States,  or  who  has  not  made  legal  declaration  of  his  intention  to  become 
a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  or  who  can  not  speak,  read,  and  write  the  English  lan- 
guage. 

924.  Recruiting  officers  will  be  very  particular  to  ascertain  the  true  age  of  the 
recruit.  If  any  doubt  exist  as  to  the  applicant's  statement  regarding  his  age,  his 
oath  will  not  be  taken  as  conclusive  evidence  of  the  fact,  and  if  he  can  not  furnish 
competent  proof  to  support  his  statement  he  will  be  rejected.  Minors  between  the 
ages  of  eighteen  and  twenty-one  years  may  l^e  enlisted  with  the  written  consent  of 
father,  only  surviving  parent,  or  legally  appointed  guardian.  When  a  minor  pre- 
sents himself  for  enlistment  under  the  provisions  of  this  paragraph,  his  parents  or 
guardian,  should  he  have  any,  will  be  found  and  informed  of  the  application;  should 


ENLISTMENTS.  127 

he  be  without  parents  or  guardian,  the  recruiting  officer  must  reject  liim  unless  the 
appUcant  shall  procure  the  legal  appointment  of  a  guardian  and  obtain  his  written 
consent. 

925.  Recruiting  officers  will  be  held  to  a  rigid  accountability  for  the  enlistment 
of  men  who  may  be  found  unfitted  for  the  service.  If  a  recruit,  after  having  l>een 
enlisted,  be  rejected,  or  discharged  as  a  minor,  and  it  appear  that  the  enlistment 
was  carelessly  made  or  in  violation  of  these  regulations,  the  expenses  incurred  in 
consequence  of  the  enlistment  may  be  stopped  against  the  pay  of  the  officer 
responsible. 

926.  The  enlistment  or  reenlistment  of  married  men  for  the  line  of  the  Army  is 
to  be  discouraged,  and  will  be  permitted  only  for  some  good  reason  in  the  public 
interest,  the  efficiency  of  the  service  to  be  the  first  consideration.  Applications  for 
such  enlistments  or  reenlistments  will  be  finally  determined  by  the  regimental  com- 
mander, or  other  proper  commanding  officer  if  there  be  no  regimental  organization. 

927.  After  the  nature  of  the  service  and  terms  of  enlistment  have  been  fully 
explained  to  the  applicant,  and  before  the  enlistment  blanks  are  filled,  the  officer 
will  read  to  him  and  offer  for  his  signature  the  following  declaration  which  will  be 
contained  in  the  enlistment  paper: 

I, ,  desiring  to  enlist  in  the  Army  of  the  United  States  for  the  term  of  three  years,  do 

declare  that  I  have  neither  wife  nor  child;  that  I  am  of  the  legal  age  to  enlist,  and  believe  myself  to 
be  physically  qualified  to  perform  the  duties  of  an  able-bodied  soldier;  and  I  do  further  declare  that 
I  am  of  good  habits  and  character  in  all  respects  and  have  never  been  discharged  from  the  United 
States  service  (Army  or  Navy)  or  any  other  service  on  account  of  disability  or  through  sentence  of 
either  a  civil  or  military  court,  nor  discharged  from  any  service,  civil  or  military,  except  with  good 
character,  and  for  the  reasons  given  by  me  to  the  recruiting  officer  prior  to  this  enlistment.  [Here 
add,  in  case  of  an  applicant  for  first  enlistment:  And  that  I  am,  or  have  made  legal  declaration  of  my 
intention  to  become,  a  citizen  of  the  United  States.] 

Given  at ,  this day  of ,  190— 


Witness: 


If  the  applicant  be  a  minor,  his  parents  or  guardian  must  give  consent  in  writing 
in  the  following  terms: 

I, ,  do  certify  that  I  am  the  (father,  only  surviving  parent,  or  guardian,  as  the  case 

maybe)  of ;  that  the  said is years  of  age;  and  I  do  hereby  freely  give 

my  consent  to  his  enlisting  as  a  soldier  in  the  Army  of  the  United  States  for  the  period  of  three  years. 

Given  at ,  this day  of ,  190--. 


Witness: 


This  consent  will  appear  on  the  enlistment  paper  and  will  follow 'the  foregoing 
declaration. 

9 2 §.  Recruiting  oflficers  will  not  allow  any  man  to  be  enticed  into  the  service  by 
false  representations,  but  will,  in  person,  explain  to  every  man  before  he  signs  the 
enlistment  paper  the  nature  of  the  service,  the  length  of  the  term,  the  amount  of 
pay,  clothing,  rations,  and  other  allowances  to  which  a  soldier  is  entitled  by  law. 

929.  As  soon  as  practicable,  and  within  six  days  after  he  has  been  accepted  on 
probation,  the  following  form  of  enlistment  will  be  signed  by  and  oath  administered 
to  the  recruit: 

State  of ,  cily  or  town  of ,  ss: 

I, ,  born  in ,  in  the  State  of ,  aged years  and months,  and  by  occu- 
pation a ,  do  hereby  acknowledge  to  have  voluntarily  enlisted  (or  reenlistod)  this day 

of ,  190—,  as  a  soldier  in  the  Army  of  the  United  States  of  America,  for  the  period  of  three  years, 

unless  sooner  discharged  by  proper  authority;  and  do  also  agree  to  accept  from  the  United  States 
such  bounty,  pay,  rations,  and  clothing  as  are  or  may  be  established  by  law.    And  I  do  solemnly 


128  EISXTSTMENTS. 

swear  (or  affirm)  that  I  will  bear  true  faith  and  allegiance  to  the  United  States  of  America;  that! 
will  serve  them  honestly  and  faithfully  against  all  their  enemies  whomsoever;  and  that  I  will  obey 
the  orders  of  the  President  of  the  United  States,  and  the  orders  of  the  officers  appointed  over  me, 
according  to  the  Rules  and  Articles  of  War. 

.     [seal.] 

Subscribed  and  duly  sworn  to  before  me  this day  of ,  A.  1).  I'JO— . 


Recruitiiuj  Officer. 

This  oath  may  he  administered  hy  any  commissioned  officer  of  the  Army. 

930.  Such  of  the  Articles  of  War  as  relate  specially  to  the  duties  and  rights  of 
enlisted  men  and  the  penalties  for  military  crimes  will  he  plainly  read  and,  so  far 
as  necessary,  explained  to  each  recruit  just  hefore  administering  to  him  the  oath  of 
enlistment.  Within  six  days  thereafter  the  Articles  of  War  will  be  read  to  the 
recruit. 

931.  Enlistment  papers  and  recruiting  returns  will  be  made  on  j)rinted  forms 
furnished  by  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  and  will  be  executed  and  disposed 
of  in  accordance  with  directions  thereon.  One  enlistment  paper,  only,  will  be  made 
in  the  case  of  a  soldier  enlisted,  or  reenlisted,  for  the  line  of  the  Army. 

932.  The  real  name  of  the  recruit  will  be  ascertained,  correctly  spelled,  and 
written  in  the  same  way  wherever  it  occurs,  and  the  Christian  name  will  not  be 
abbreviated. 

933.  Enlistments  will  not  be  antedated  so  as  to  allow  a  soldier  additional  jmy  for 
reenlistment  who  applies  after  the  period  for  reenlisting  has  expired;  but  when  a 
soldier  presents  himself  for  reenlistment  and  it  is  necessary  to  obtain  information  in 
his  case,  or  the  approval  of  higher  authority,  his  reenlistment  may  be  made  to  ante- 
date the  time  of  administering  the  oath,  but  must  not  bear  a  date  prior  to  the  day  on 
which  he  presented  himself. 

934.  When  a  soldier  reenters  the  service,  the  officer  who  enlists  him  will  indorse 
on  the  enlistment  paper  next  below  his  own  name  and  regiment,  "second  (or  third) 
enlistment,"  as  the  case  may  be,  together  with  the  company  and  regiment  in  which 
the  soldier  last  served  and  the  date  of  discharge  from  former  enlistment.  This  infor- 
mation the  recruiting  officer  will  obtain  if  possible  from  the  soldier's  discharge, 
which  the  latter  should  be  required  to  exhibit. 

935.  An  officer  who  enlists  or  reenlists  a  man  who  has  been  discharged  from  the 
Army  will  immediately  give  notice  of  the  fact  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  com- 
pany from  which  the  man  was  last  discharged,  stating,  if  practicable,  designation  of 
the  organization  to  which  he  has  been  assigned.  On  receiving  this  notice  the  com- 
mander of  the  company  from  which  the  man  was  discharged  will  record  the  fact 
of  enlistment  or  reenlistment  in  the  company  descriptive  book.  Should  it  appear 
that  deception^has  been  practiced  he  will  report  the  case  to  the  Adjutant-General  of 
the  Army.  The  recruiting  officer  will  enter  the  fact  of  enlistment  or  reenlistment, 
with  date  and  place  upon  the  certificate  of  discharge  from  former  enlistment,  which 
the  soldier  should  have  in  his  possession. 

936.  Application  to  reenter  the  Army  from  persons  of  any  of  the  following  classes 
will  not  be  granted  without  special  authority  from  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army: 

1.  Former  soldiers  who  have  been  discharged  before  expiration  of  term  of  service, 
excepting  those  discharged  under  the  provisions  of  paragraphs  156  and  157. 

2.  Former  soldiers  who  have  been  discharged  with  character  other  than  good,  or 
its  full  equivalent. 

3.  Former  soldiers  over  forty  years  of  age  who  were  last  discharged  as  privates  and 
have  failed  to  reenlist  within  three  months  thereafter.  In  such  cases  the  applications 
must  show  that  the  enlistments  will  be  for  the  interests  of  the  service. 


ENLISTMENTS.  129 

4.  Former  soldiers  who  can  not  pass  the  required  examination  in  all  respects. 
Applications  of  this  nature  should  show  that  any  existing  defects  will  not  prevent  the 
l^erformance  by  the  applicant  of  full  military  duty. 

937.  Enlisted  men  of  good  character  and  faithful  service  who,  at  the  expiration 
of  their  terms,  are  undergoing  treatment  for  injuries  incurred  or  disease  contracted 
in  the  line  of  duty,  may  be  reenlisted  if  they  so  elect,  and  if  the  disability  prove  to 
be  permanent  they  will  subsequently  be  discharged  on  certificates  of  disability.  An 
enlisted  man  not  under  treatment,  but  who  has  contracted  in  the  line  of  duty  infirmi- 
ties that  may  raise  a  question  of  physical  eligibility  to  reenlistment,  but  not  such  as 
to  prevent  his  performing  the  duties  of  a  soldier,  may  be  reenlisted  by  authority  of 
the  War  Department  on  application  made  through  the  surgeon  and  proper  military 
channel  in  time  to  receive  a  decision  before  the  date  of  discharge. 

93§.  An  applicant  will  be  subjected  to  the  required  examination  before  applica- 
tion is  made  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  for  special  authority  for  his  enlist- 
ment or  reenlistment.  The  result  of  the  examination  will  be  stated  in  the  application. 
Commanding  officers  forwarding  applications  from  men  of  their  connnands  for  per- 
mission to  reenlist  for  some  other  organization  will  report  in  each  case  whether  the 
ai>plicant  is  married  or  single,  what  character  will  be  given  him  on  discharge,  and 
whether  or  not  he  can  pass  the  required  examination. 

MEDICAL   INSPECTION. 

939.  The  physical  examination  of  recruits  will  be  conducted  in  accordance  with 
the  authorized  manual  for  the  examination  of  recruits.  The  enlistment  paper  of 
each  recruit  must  show  what  indelible  or  permanent  marks  were  found  on  his  person. 

940.  The  recruiting  officer  will  be  present  at  the  physical  examination  of  the 
recruit  by  the  surgeon.  In  the  absence  of  a  commissioned  medical  officer  or  con- 
tract surgeon  recruiting  officers  will,  whenever  practicable,  employ  a  civilian  phy- 
sician to  make  the  physical  examination  preceding  enlistment  (see  par.  1662).  A 
recruiting  officer  who  employs  a  civilian  physician  in  the  manner  indicated  (in  the 
absence  of  a  commissioned  medical  officer  or  acting  assistant  surgeon)  is  authorized 
to  take  the  physician  with  him  to  examine  recruits  when  ordered  from  place  to  place 
to  make  enlistments,  and  will  call  upon  the  proper  officer  of  the  Quartermaster's 
Department  to  provide  the  necessary  transportation  for  the  civilian  physician.  At 
recruiting  stations  where  a  large  number  of  recruits  are  to  be  examined  application 
will  l)e  made  to  the  Surgeon-General  for  authority  to  employ  a  physician  by  the 
month  under  contract.  When  a  recruiting  officer  who  has  employed  a  physician  by 
the  month  under  contract  under  proper  authority  is  ordered  from  place  to  place  to 
make  enlistments,  he  will  give  the  physician  proper  written  orders  in  advance  to 
accompany  him  for  the  purpose  of  examining  recruits,  naming  the  places  to  be  vis- 
ited, and  stating  in  the  order  that  the  travel  enjoined  is  necessary  for  the  public 
service.  When  there  is  no  medical  examiner  at  the  station  the  recruiting  officer  will 
make  the  required  examination. 

941.  An  applicant  enlisted  at  a  post  where  there  is  no  surgeon  will  be  reexamined 
within  two  weeks  after  enlistment,  and  before  any  clothing  is  issued  to  him,  by  a 
medical  officer  or  contract  surgeon,  or  in  the  absence  of  such  officer  by  the  civilian 
physician  employed  by  the  Medical  Department. 

942.  Every  accepted  (sworn)  recruit  not  already  protected  will  be  vaccinated  at 
the  recruiting  station  by  the  examining  surgeon  (see  par.  1662).  Vaccine  virus  is 
supplied  by  the  Surgeon-General.  As  soon  as  a  recruit  joins  any  rendezvous,  regi- 
ment, or  post  he  will  be  examined  by  the  surgeon  to  ascertain  whether  vaccination 
is  required.  In  all  cases  where  there  is  not  unmistakable  evidence  of  successful  vac- 
cination within  a  reasonable  period  the  operation  will  be  performed  immediately. 

22778—03 9 


130  ENLISTMENTS MEDICAL    INSPECTION. 

943.  A  critical  inspection  by  the  senior  medical  officer  present  will  be  made  of 
every  recruit  received  at  a  rendezvous  within  two  days  after  his  arrival,  if  he  has  not 
already  undergone  examination  by  a  medical  officer,  contract  surgeon,  or  civilian 
physician.  Should  the  recruit  be  found  unfit  for  service  or  to  have  been  illegally 
enlisted,  a  board  of  officers  will  be  called  by  the  post  commander  to  examine  into 
the  case,  and  if  the  board  recommends  the  discharge  of  the  recruit  for  physical  disa- 
bility it  will  fully  report  its  reasons,  based  upon  a  thorough  investigation  of  the  case, 
and  will  show  in  its  report  whether  the  enlistment  involved  fraud,  whether  the  disa- 
bihty  existed  prior  to  enlistment,  when,  where,  and  by  whom  the  enlistment  was 
made,  and  whether,  in  its  opinion,  the  disqualification  might  have  been  discovered 
by  the  recruiting  officer  (with  w^hom  the  board  will  communicate,  and  who  will  be 
given  opportunity  to  be  heard  in  the  case)  had  due  care  been  exercised.  This 
report,  together  with  the  surgeon's  certificate  of  disability  and  the  original  form  for 
examining  a  recruit,  will  be  forwarded  by  the  post  commander  direct  to  the  Adju- 
tant-General of  the  Army. 

944.  Every  detachment  of  recruits  ordered  from  a  recruit  rendezvous  to  any  organ- 
ization or  post  will,  immediately  preceding  its  departure,  be  critically  inspected  by 
the  post  commander  and  the  senior  medical  officer  present,  and  any  sick  or  otherwise 
disabled  will  be  held  at  rendezvous.  A  recruit  deemed  unfit  for  continuance  in  the 
service  will  not  be  sent  to  a  regiment,  but  a  board  of  officers  will  be  convened  to  con- 
sider the  case  and  report  as  indicated  in  the  preceding  paragraph. 

945.  Before  recruits  are  forwarded  from  a  rendezvous  to  regiments  or  other  organ- 
izations, the  post  commander  will  cause  the  character  of  each  recruit  to  be  entered 
upon  the  descriptive  and  assignment  card,  also  the  date  and  result  of  last  vaccination. 
Officers  in  charge  of  detachments,  if  called  upon,  will  exhibit  the  entries  relative  to 
vaccination  to  authorized  inspectors  of  State  boards  of  health. 

946.  Upon  arrival  at  a  post  each  recruit  who  has  not  undergone  examination  by 
a  medical  officer,  contract  surgeon,  or  civilian  physician,  will  be  examined,  and 
defects  will  be  recorded  by  the  medical  officer,  with  his  opinion  as  to  whether  they 
existed  prior  to  enlistment.  A  certificate  of  disability  will  be  submitted  if  the  recruit 
is  absolutely  disqualified  for  the  service.  If  the  certificate  be  submitted,  the  post 
commander  will  carefully  scan  the  answers  made  by  the  recruit  on  the  "Form  for  the 
physical  examination  of  a  recruit,"  and  if  his  answers  show  that  fraud  was  practiced 
to  secure  his  enlistment,  the  post  commander  will  make  full  report  of  the  facts  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  and  forward  therewith  the  certificate  and  the  exam- 
ination form. 

947.  A  register  of  the  medical  examination  of  recruits  will  be  kept  at  each  recruit- 
ing station  and  rendezvous.  A  report  of  the  recruits  examined  during  the  preceding 
month  will  be  forwarded,  not  later  than  the  6th  day  of  every  month,  to  the  Surgeon- 
General,  who  will  furnish  blanks  for  the  jxirpose,  as  well  as  blank  registers  of  medical 
examination.  When  a  register  is  filled  it  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Surgeon-General. 
Cases  of  ' '  recruits  on  probation ' '  who  have  failed  for  any  cause  to  complete  their 
enlistment  will  be  indicated  by  an  appropriate  entry  in  the  column  of  remarks,  both 
on  the  monthly  reports  to  the  Surgeon-General  and  in  the  register. 

RECRUITS   SENT   TO    REGIMENTS. 

94§.  Recruits  will  be  assigned  to  regiments  and  other  organizations  by  the  Adju- 
tant-General of  the  Army,  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  from  either 
general  recruiting  stations  or  rendezvous.  Recruits  designated  for  assignment  will 
be  borne  on  the  rolls  and  returns  of  the  stations  or  rendezvous  until  the  date  of 
departure  therefrom,  when  the  assignment  will  take  effect;  prior  to  that  date  they 
will  not  be  taken  up  on  the  rolls  of  companies,  regiments,  or  other  organizations. 


DEPARTMENTAL    AND    REGIMENTAL    RECRUITING.  131 

949.  When  recruits  are  .sent  to  any  organization,  a  descriptive  and  assignment 
card  for  each  will  be  given  to  the  officer  assigned  to  its  command,  or  if  no  officer  be 
so  assigned  the  cards  will  be  sent  to  the  proper  commanding  officer  by  the  first  mail 
after  the  departure  of  the  recruits. 

950.  When  recruits  are  sent  to  organizations  from  rendezvous  or  other  posts,  the 
descriptive  and  assignment  cards  will  be  made  by  the  post  commander;  when  they 
go  direct  from  a  recruiting  station  not  at  a  post,  they  will  be  made  by  the  recruiting 
officer. 

951.  An  officer  intrusted  with  the  command  of  recruits  ordered  to  regiments  or 
other  organizations  will,  on  arriving  at  destination,  forward  the  following  papers: 

1.  To  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  a  report  of  date  of  arrival  at  the  post,  the 
strength  and  condition  of  the  party  when  turned  over  to  the  commanding  officer,  and 
all  circumstances  worthy  of  remark  which  occurred  on  the  journey. 

2.  To  the  commanding  officer  of  the  post  or  organization,  the  descriptive  and 
assignment  cards  furnished  him  at  the  rendezvous  or  station,  properly  completed  by 
noting  in  the  column  for  remarks  time  and  place  of  death,  desertion,  or  other  casualty 
that  may  have  occurred. 

952.  The  descriptive  and  assignment  card  of  every  recruit  sent  to  a  regiment  or 
other  organization,  with  remarks  showing  final  disposition  of  the  recruit,  and  number 
of  regiment  and  letter  or  number  of  company  to  which  he  has  been  assigned,  will  be 
signed  and  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  by  the  officer  who  makes 

he  assignment. 

DEPARTMENT   AND   REGIMENTAL   RECRUITING. 

953.  Every  post  is  a  general  recruiting  station  for  the  whole  Army,  and  recruit- 
ing tliereat  will  be  conducted  by  an  officer  of  the  garrison  detailed  by  the  command- 
ing officer.  The  commander  of  each  detachment  of  troops  absent  from  its  permanent 
station  will,  if  he  deem  it  advisable,  designate  an  officer  for  this  duty. 

954.  The  recruiting  officer  at  any  post  may  make  enlistments  to  fill  vacancies  in 
the  troops  of  the  line  serving  thereat,  and,  when  authorized  by  the  department  com- 
mander, for  those  serving  at  other  posts  in  the  same  territorial  department.  Soldiers 
so  enlisted  will  be  sent  to  their  proper  stations,  without  delay,  under  orders  from  the 
department  commanders.  He  may  make  enlistments  for  any  organization  in  the 
service  when  authorized  by  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army.  An  applicant  will 
be  subjected  to  the  required  examination  before  application  is  made  for  special 
authority  for  his  enlistment. 

955.  Regimental  recruiting  may  be  carried  on  away  from  posts  by  one  or  more 
officers  detailed  from  a  regiment  by  its  commander  with  the  approval  of  the  depart- 
ment commander,  when  specially  authorized  by  the  War  Department,  and  in  accord- 
ance with  instructions  from  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army.  A  regimental 
recruiting  officer,  with  the  authority  of  the  Adjutant- General  of  the  Army,  may  make 
enlistments  for  any  organization  in  the  service. 


132  THE  inspector-general's  department. 

ARTICLE  liXXII. 

Inspector-Genera i/s  Department. 

GENERAL   PROVISIONS. 

• 

956.  The  sphere  of  inquiry  of  the  Inspector-General's  Department  includes  every 
branch  of  military  affairs  except  when  specially  limited  in  these  reguialions  or  in 
orders.  Inspectors-general  and  acting  inspectors-general  will  exercise  a  comprehen- 
sive and  general  observation  within  the  command  to  which  tln^y  may  be  respectively 
assigned,  ovc^r  all  that  pei-tains  to  the  efl&ciency  of  the  Army,  i:he  condition  and  state 
of  supplies  ol  all  kinds,  of  arms  and  equipments,  of  the  expeaditure  of  ])ublic  prop- 
erty and  moneys,  and  the  condition  of  accounts  of  all  disbursing  officers  of  every 
branch  of  the  service,  of  the  conduct,  discipline,  and  efficiency  of  officers  and  troops, 
and  report  with  strict  impartiality  in  regar»l  to  all  irregularities  that  may  be  dis- 
covered. From  time  to  time  they  will  make  such  suggestions  as  may  appear  to  them 
practicable  foA-  th(^  correction  of  any  defect  that  may  come  under  their  observation. 

957.  Inspectors-general  or  acting  inspectors-general,  assigned  to  a  military  depart- 
ment, are  under  the  immediale  directitm  o(  its  commandijig  general;  when  not  so 
assigned,  they  are  solely  under  the  orders  of  the  SecTctarj'  of  War,  or  the  General 
Commanding  the  Army.  They  will  make  the  general  in8j)ection8  within  the  limits 
of  the  respecti\e  departments,  and  will  each  be  allowed  the  necessary  clerks  and  one 
messenger,  who  will  be  assigned  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

958.  Inspectors-general  and  acting  inspectors-general  will  report  by  letter,  on 
arriving  at  thejr  stations,  to  the  Inspector-General  at  the  A^^ar  Department;  they 
will  furnish  him  copies  of  all  orders  and  written  instructions  recei\'ed  for  tours  of 
inspection,  with  a  report  of  the  dates  of  departure  from,  and  return  to,  their  posts  in 
obedience  thereto  and,  thei'eafter,  on  the  last  day  of  each  month,  will  re])ort  direct 
to  him  their  addresses  and  th(i  duties  they  have  perfoimed  during  the  month. 

959.  Correspondem^e  in  the  Inspector-lxeneral's  Department,  bet\>'een  the  head 
thereof  and  officers  serving  therein,  will  be  direct,  for  the  purpose  of  instruction  and 
information  with  i  espect  to  the  discharge  of -their  duties;  not,  however,  extending  to 
matters  of  administration  pertaining  to  military  conimanders. 

960.  An  inspector-general  or  acting  inspector-general  will  make  known  his  orders 
or  instructions  to  commanding  and  other  oificers  whose  troops  and  affairs  he  is 
directed  to  inspect,  and  tliese  officers  will  see  that  every  facility  an  I  assistance, 
including  clerical  aid,  if  requested,  is  afforded. 

961.  An  inspector-general  or  acting  inspector-general  will  not  give  OT-ders  unless 
specially  authorized  to  do  so,  and  then  only  in  the  name  of  the  superior  giving  such 
authority.  He  will  report  with  strict  impartiali  ty  all  irregularities.  He  should  refrain 
from  informal  conversati(m  or  comment  upon  t  abjects  under  investigation. 

962.  An  inspector- general  or  acting  inspector-general  will  exercise  tlie  greatest 
care  that  he  does  no  injustice  to  organizations  or  individuals.  When  investigating 
accusations  prejudicial  to  the  character  of  an  officei-,  he  wdl  make  known  to  the 
officer  their  nature,  and  give  him  an  opportunity  to  make  his  own  statement  in  writ-  | 
ing,  which  will  be  appended  to  the  report.  Copies  or  extracts  from  an  inspection 
report,  reflecting  upon  or  commending  the  character  or  efficiency  of  an  otScer,  may- 
be furnished  him  by  the  commander  through  whom  the  report  is  submitted. 

963.  An  inspector-general  or  acting  inspector-general  detailed  to  in>estigate 
attempts  to  defraud  the  Government,  or  any  irregularity  or  misconduct  of  any  offi- 
cer or  agent  of  the  United  States,  has  authority  to  administer  oaths  to  witnesses. 


SPECIAL    DUTIES STATED    INSPECTIONS.  133 

SPECIAL   DUTIES. 

964.  Inspectors-general  and  acting  inspt>ctors-general  will,  from  time  to  time, 
designate  the  articles  which  in  their  opinion  should  he  procured  and  kept  for  sale  hy 
the  Subsistence  Dei)artnient  to  ofiicers  and  enlisted  men.  Tliese  recommendations 
will  he  suhmitted  to  the  Secretary  of  War  for  his  action. 

965.  All  matters  pertaining  to  the  supervision  of  the  accounts  of  the  receipts  and 
expenditures  of  the  National  Home  for  Disabled  Volunteer  Soldiers,  undei  acts  of 
Tongress,  are  assigned  t«)  the  Inspector-General  of  the  Army  under  the  direction  of 
the  Secretary  of  War. 

STATED    INSPECTIONS. 

966.  The  annual  inspection  of  the  Soldiers'  Home  in  th(^  District  of  Columbia 
will  be  made  by  the  Inspector-General  of  the  Army,  in  person,  as  reciuired  by  law; 
and  that  of  the  National  Home  for  Disabled  Volunteer  Soldiers,  its  records,  disburse- 
ments, management,  discipline,  and  condition,  will  be  made  by  an  othcei-  of  his 
Department  under  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  Congress  a[)proved  August  18,  1894, 
who  will  report  in  writing,  through  the  Inspector-General  of  the  Army,  to  the  Secre- 
tary of  War,  the  results  of  such  inspection. 

967.  Officers  of  the  Inspector-General's  Department  will  inspect  once  in  each  year 
all  military  commands,  garrisoned  posts  and  camps,  and  once  in  two  years  such 
ungarrisoned  posts  and  national  cemeteries  as  can  be  visited  without  departing 
materially  from  the  routes  of  other  prescribed  inspections. 

96§.  All  depots,  armories,  arsenals,  and  public  works  of. every  kind  under  charge 
of  officers  of  the  Army,  exi^ept  works  of  engineering  conducted  under  the  direction 
of  the  Secretary  of  War  and  supervision  of  the  Chief  of  Engineers,  will  be  im^pected 
annually  by  officers  of  the  Inspector-General's  Department.  These  inspecticais  will 
include  military  and  business  administration  and  methods,  but  will  not  extend  to 
the  scientific  or  technical  character  of  work  for  which  the  officer  in  charge  is  respon- 
sible, through  the  head  of  his  department,  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

969.  Inspections  of  the  Military  Academy  will  be  made  only  under  specific 
instructions  given  in  each  case  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  inspections  of  the  serv- 
ice schools,  in  so  far  as  they  are  distinct  from  posts,  under  similar  instruction's  given 
by  the  Secretary  of  War  or  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army. 

970.  The  military  department  of  civil  institutions  of  learning  at  which  officers  of 
the  Army  are  detailed  will  be  inspected  annually,  near  the  close  of  the  college  year, 
under  specific  instructions.  The  iufipecting  officer,  upon  his  arrival  at  the  institu- 
tion, Avill  apply  to  the  president  or  the  administrative  olficer  thereof  for  such  aid  or 
facilities  as  he  may  require.  His  report  will  be  sent  to  the  Inspector-General  of  the 
Army,  then  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  for  note  and  return,  and  a  copy 
furnished  the  president  of  the  institution  by  the  War  Department. 

971.  The  inspection  of  disbursements  and  money  accounts  of  disbursing  officers 
required  by  act  of  April  20,  1874,  will  be  made  by  otficers  of  the  Inspector-General's 
Department  or  others  detailed  for  that  purpose,  and,  as  far  as  practicable,  at  iriegular 
intervals,  but  no  officer  so  detailed  shall  be  in  any  way  connected  with  the  corps  or 
staff  department  making  the  disbursement.  The  frequency  of  these  inspectiojis  will 
be  regulated  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

972.  Reports  of  prescribed  insjjections  of  troops,  stations,  and  accounts  of  disburs- 
ing officers  under  the  authority  cf  department  connnanders  will  be  forwarded  through 
department  headquarters  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  and  transmitt^  to 
the  Inspector-General  of  the  Army.  In  case  irregularities,  deficiencies,  or  miscon- 
du(!t  are  reported,  a  department  commander  in  forwarding  a  leport  will  statt^  what 
remedies  he  has  applied  or  will  api)ly  to  correct  them,  adding  any  recommentlations 


134  METHODS    OF    INSPECTIOlSr. 

that  he  may  desire  to  make.  All  other  reports  of  inspections  will  be  forwarded  direct 
to  the  Inspector-General  of  the  Army,  except  when  otherwise  specially  directed,  and 
all  inspection  reports  not  confidential  will  be  filed  in  his  office.  The  Inspector- 
General  will  forward  to  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army  extracts  that  relate 
to  discipline  and  efficiency,  and  to  the  chiefs  of  bureaus  extracts  that  relate  to  fiscal 
affairs. 

973.  To  provide  for  the  inspections  required  by  paragraphs  968,  970,  and  971  of  the 
Army  Regulations,  the  Inspector-General  of  the  Army  will  keep  the  inspectors-gen 
eral  of  the  military  geographical  departments  informed,  through  the  department 
commanders,  of  the  inspections  under  these  paragraphs  and  such  other  inspections 
as  the  Secretary  of  War  desires  shall  be  made  by  them;  and  each  of  these  inspectors 
will,  at  the  proper  time,  submit  for  the  consideration  of  his  immediate  commander 
a  plan  for  making  the  inspections  so  desired  in  the  most  advantageous  and  econom- 
ical manner  in  connection  with  the  other  inspections  which  he  may  be  required  to 
make.  If  the  plan  be  approved,  the  department  commander  will  then  give  such 
orders  as  may  be  required  for  the  necessary  travel. 

METHODS    OF    INSPECTION. 

974.  Inspections  of  troops  will  be  conducted  as  prescribed  in  the  authorized 
drill  regulations.  When  the  command  consists  of  more  than  one  company  the 
inspection  will,  if  practicable,  be  preceded  by  a  review. 

975.  Inspectors-general  and  acting  inspectors-general  will  concisely  report  the 
strength,  efficiency,  and  armament  of  each  garrison  and  post,  the  date  of  last  inspec- 
tion, and  all  irregularities  and  defects,  with  such  suggestions  or  recommendations  as 
they  deem  pertinent.  They  will  also  report  what  remedies  have  been  applied  to 
correct  irregularities  reported  at  former  inspections.  The  subjects  usually  covered 
by  such  reports  should  be  as  follows: 

1.  Names  of  officers  present,  those  absent  on  detached  duty  or  otherwise,  and 
those  permanently  incapacitated  for  any  duty  from  any  cause;  whether  the  number 
of  enlisted  men  in  ranks  at  inspection  corresponds  to  returns,  how  absentees  are 
accounted  for,  and  how  many  appear  under  arms  at  inspection ;  the  number  of  men 
in  the  band,  and  if  any  are  not  musicians. 

2.  Whether  the  post  is  adequately  armed  and  supplied,  and  maps  of  the  post  and 
of  the  country  in  its  vicinity  kept. 

3.  Whether  the  commanding  oflScer  observes  the  system  of  instruction  and  treat- 
ment of  subordinates  enjoined  by  the  regulations,  and  properly  executes  the  laws 
relating  to  neutrality,  quarantine,  and  the  regulations  concerning  international  cour- 
tesy, so  far  as  applicable  to  his  post;  whether  justice  is  promptly  and  legally  admin- 
istered; the  zeal  of  the  commanding  officer  and  his  ability  to  perform  his  duties. 

4.  Whether  officers  are  efficient,  reporting  any  intemperance  or  immorality,  and 
mentioning  any  officer  or  soldier  who  has  distinguished  himself,  or  shown  special 
<jfficieiicy  in  any  department  of  study  or  duty. 

5.  The  manner  in  which  chaplains  perform  their  duties. 

6.  The  efficiency  of  administrative  and  staff  officers,  the  correctness  of  their 
accounts;  whether  payments  and  issues  are  made  in  accordance  with  law  and  regula- 
tions, and  whether  surplus  supplies  are  taken  up  on  returns  and  deficiencies  accounted 
for. 

7.  Efficiency,  discipline  and  appearance  of  the  troops;  state  of  arms,  equipments 
and  accoutrements  of  all  kinds;  sufficiency,  uniformity  and  fit  of  clothing;  instruc- 
tion, theoretical  and  practical,  of  noncommissioned  officers  and  privates  in  military 
exercises  and  duties;  nature  and  amount  of  drills,  recitations  in  tactics  and  drill  regu- 
lations, target  practice,  practice  marches,  practice  in  outpost  duty,  field  service,  minor 
tactics,  and  gymnastic  exercises;  efficiency  in  signaling;  regularity  of  payment  of 
the  troops,  their  health  and  whether  the  sick  are  properly  cared  for. 


METHODS    OF    INSPECTION.  135 

S.  Police  and  sanitation  of  the  post;  cleanliness,  state  of  repair,  and  sanitary  con- 
dition of  all  huiMings. 

9.  Whether  there  are  suitable  rooms  for  use,  respectively,  as  a  library,  reading 
room,  chapel,  and  school;  sufficient  quantities  of  newspapers  and  periodicals,  school- 
books,  stationery  and  school  material  for  the  use  of  enlisted  men;  whether  the  news- 
papers, periodicals,  and  schoolbooks  are  solely  used  by  enlisted  men;  whether  the 
library  rooms  are  used  at  all  by  officers,  and,  if  so,  whether  it  interferes  with  their 
use  by  enlisted  men;  the  attendance  and  progress  of  pupils  and  the  system  of 
instruction.  ' 

10.  System  of  messing,  sufficiency,  variety  and  preparation  of  food. 

11.  Whether  labor  of  the  supply  departments  is  performed  by  troops  or  civilians; 
if  by  the  latter,  their  number,  cost  attending  and  reasons  for  their  employment  and 
kind  of  labor  performed  by  them. 

12.  Means  of  transportation  and  its  condition;  training,  grooming,  shoeing,  suit- 
ability, veterinary  treatment  and  condition  of  public  animals,  and  number  unservice- 
able. 

13.  Condition  of  all  public  property,  and  whether  used  for  private  purposes; 
whether  buildings  and  property  are  properly  secured  against  fire,  theft,  and  damage. 

14.  Whether  sales  of  subsistence  stores  are  made  to  enlisted  men  according  to  regu- 
lations; whether  there  are  damaged  stores,  and  if  so,  in  what  quantities  and  how 
damage  was  caused.' 

15.  Water  supply,  facilities  for  laundry  work,  bathing  and  swimming,  system  and 
condition  of  sewerage  and  drainage,  and  means  of  extinguishing  fire. 

16.  Management  and  success  of  post  exchange,  and  whether  properly  supplied  and 
conducted  according  to  regulations;  extent,  necessity  for,  and  kind  of  gardens,  suc- 
cess attending,  and  number  of  men  employed  therein. 

17.  Managememt  and  application  of  the  regimental,  bakery,  company,  and  mess 
funds,  and  whether  the  provisions  of  Articles  XXXIV  and  XXXV  are  complied 
with. 

18.  Whether  regimental,  post  and  company  books,  papers  and  files,  and  those  of 
the  post  staff  departments,  including  chaplain's  register,  are  properly  kept,  and  the 
prescribed  rolls  and  returns  are  properly  prepared  and  promptly  forwarded. 

19.  Condition  of  post  cemetery  and  its  records. 

20.  Efficiency  of  hospital  corps  and  company  bearers  in  ambulance  and  litter- 
bearers'  drill,  and  methods  of  rendering  first  aid  to  the  wounded. 

976.  On  completion  of  an  inspection  of  a  post  or  other  connnand  of  troops  under 
department  supervision,  the  inspector-general  or  acting  inspector-general  will  fur- 
nish its  commanding  officer  a  written  statement  of  all  irregularities  and  deficiencies 
observed,  which  will  be  kept  on  file  for  the  information  of  connnanding  officers  and 
inspectors.  •  The  commanding  officer  will,  as  soon  as  practicable,  submit  to  the  depart- 
ment commander  a  copy  of  this  statement,  with  a  report  showing  what  remedies  he 
has  applied  or  will  apply  to  correct  each  of  the  irregularities  or  defects  found,  and 
will  recommend  the  proper  action  with  regard  to  those  that  he  has  not  power  or 
authority  to  remedy.  These  reports  and  statements  will  be  promptly  fowarded  to 
the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  by  whom  they  will  be  transmitted  to  the  Inspector- 
(Jeneralfor  file  with  the  original  report.  At  stations  not  under  the  supervision  of 
department  commanders,  inspectors-general  and  acting  inspectors- general  will  fur- 
nish like  statements,  and  connnanding  officers  will  forward  copies  thereof  with  reports 
to  the  authority  that  ordered  the  inspection. 

DISBURSEMENTS    AND   ACCOUNTS. 

977.  Inspectors-general  and  acting  inspectors-general  will  inquire  as  to  the  neces- 
sity, economy  and  propriety  of  all  disbursements,  their  strict  conformity  to  the  law 
appropriating  the  money,  and  whether  the  disbursing  ofiicers  comply  with  the  law 


136  INSPECTION    OF    PROPERTY. 

in  keeping  their  accounts  and  making  their  deposits.  A  statement  of  receipts  and 
expenditures  and  of  the  distribution  of  funds,  with  a  list  of  outstanding  checks,  on 
forms  furnished  by  the  Inspector-General  of  the  Army,  will  be  submitted  by  the  dis- 
bursing officer  to  the  inspector,  who  should  immediately  transmit  the  list  of  outstand- 
ing checks  to  the  several  depositories.  Upon  return  from  a  depository,  balances  will 
be  verified  and  noted  on  the  inspection  report,  which  will  then  l5e  forwarded  to  the 
Insjiector-General.  The  list  of  outstanding  checks  will  be  retained  by  the  inspector, 
and  a  copy,  with  indorsements  thereon,  sent  to  the  Inspector-General. 

9  "7 8.  When  an  officer  ceases  to  act  as  a  disbursing  officer,  or  closes  his  accounts 
on  change  of  station,  he  will  submit  to  the  officer  to  whom  the  inspection  of  his 
accounts  has  been  assigned  a  statement  of  his  money  accounts  from  date  of  last  inspec- 
tion to  and  including  the  closing  of  his  accounts,  with  a  list  of  outstanding  checks. 
If  an  inspection  be  impracticable,  the  statement  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Inspector- 
General  of  the  Army. 

PROPERTY    FOR   CONDEMNATION. 

979.  Inspections  having  in  view  the  condemnation  of  property  will  be  made  by 
inspectors-general,  acting  inspectors-general,  or  officers  specially  designated  by  the 
commander  of  a  department,  the  commander  of  an  army  in  the  field,  or  higher 
authority. 

980.  Officers  will  prepare  and  sign  in  triplicate,  on  blank  forms  furnished  by  the 
Inspector-General  of  the  Army,  inventories  of  public  property  requiring  inspection, 
and  present  them,  with  the  property,  to  the  inspector-general  or  acting  inspector- 
general  at  the  time  of  his  annual  visit.  In  the  case  of  rapidly  deteriorating  subsist- 
ence stores  or  of  unserviceable  public  animals,  such  inventories  will  be  prepared 
when  necessary,  and  unless  the  time  of  the  annual  visit  of  an  inspector  be  near  at 
hand,  one  copy  will  be  forwarded  to  the  commander  of  the  department  or  army 
corps  or  division  in  the  field.  Public  animals  will  be  inventoried  singly,  with  a  brief 
description  of  color,  sex,  age,  and  distinguishing  marks. 

981.  As  far  as  practicable,  inventories  of  unserviceable  property  will  state  the 
cost  of  the  articles,  and  in  case  of  damaged  or  inferior  stores  the  depot  whence 
obtained,  the  marks  upon  them,  with  marks  on  original  packages,  and  names  of  con- 
tractors and  inspectors.  The  certificate  as  to  the  condition  of  the  property  on  the 
inventory  and  inspection  report  will  be  signed  by  the  officers  "accountable" 
therefor,  and  not  by  the  officer  ' '  responsible. ' ' 

982.  For  inspection  the  property  will  be  arranged  in  the  order  of  enumeration  in 
the  inventory,  every  article  will  be  examined  by  the  inspector,  and  the  officer 
responsible  will  accompany  him  and  be  prepared  to  give  all  necessary  information 
in  regard  to  it. 

983.  Inspectors  will  examine  all  property  properly  presented  for  condemnation. 
When  all  property  presented  has  been  destroyed  in  the  presence  of  the  inspector 
one  inventory  will  be  forwarded  by  the  inspecting  officer  through  department  head- 
quarters to  the  Inspector-General  of  the  Army  and  the  others  will  be  delivered  to 
the  accountable  officer.  In  cases  in  which  the  inspector  recommends  the  sale  of  any 
property,  or  its  transfer  to  depots,  he  will  forward  all  the  inventories  to  department 
or  army  corps  headquarters,  and  if  the  inspector's  action  is  approved  by  the  depart- 
ment or  army  corps  commander,  except  as  provided  in  paragraphs  1727  and  1728, 
two  will  be  returned  to  the  accountable  officer  and  the  other  forwarded  to  the  Adju- 
tant-General of  the  Army  to  be  transmitted  to  the  Inspector-General  of  the  Army, 
and,  in  similar  cases,  when  the  accountable  officer  is  not  serving  under  the  depart- 
ment or  army  corps  commander  and  all  the  property  has  been  destroyed  in  the 
presence  of  the  inspector,  one  copy  of  the  inventory  will  be  forwarded  to  the 
Inspector-General  of  the  Army  and  two  to  the  accountable  officer,  or  if  sale  or  trans- 
fer of  the  property  is  recommended,  the  inspecting  officer  will   forward  all  the 


INSPECTION    OF   PROPERTY.  137 

inventories  to  the  Inspector-Generdl  of  the  Army,  who  will  forward  thein  to  the 
Secretary  of  War  through  the  chief  of  bureau  concerned;  one  copy  will  be  returned 
to  the  Inspector-General  and  two  to  the  accountable  officer. 

9§4.  Insj^ectors  will  exercise  great  care  in  examining  property  submitted  to  them 
l(»r  condemnation,  and  in  making  recommendations  regarding  its  disposition.  Arti- 
cles "to  be  continued  in  service"  are  such  as  are  still  serviceable.  Those  "to  be 
dropped"  from  the  returns  are  such  as  can  not  be  sold  at  the  post  and  are  not  worth 
cost  of  transportation  to  an  arsenal  or  depot  for  repair.  If  worthless,  they  must  be 
so  far  destroyed  as  to  prevent  any  possibility  of  future  presentation.  Such  articles 
as  can  not  be  destroyed  will,  when  practicable,  be  marked  "I.  C."  (inspected — con- 
t](^nmed),  or  will  be  broken  up  and  the  serviceable  parts  retained.  Condemned 
animals  will  be  branded  "  I.  C."  on  the  neck  under  the  mane.  Should  the  inspect- 
or's recommendation  be  disapproved  in  regard  to  articles  marked  "I.  C,"  the 
marks  will  be  canceled  and  a  certificate  of  the  fact  given  to  the  responsible  officer. 
Suitable  brands  and  stencils  will  be  kept  for  use  of  inspectors  at  i)Osts  and  depots. 
Articles  "to  be  sold  at  post"  are  such  as  are  of  no  further  public  use,  or  not  worth 
cost  of  transportation  to  a  depot.  Those  "to  be  turned  into  depot"  are  such  as  can 
not  1)0  repaired  at  the  post  and  are  worth  cost  of  transportation.  Small  arms  found 
to  l>e  unfit  for  service  will  be  turned  in  to  the  nearest  arsenal  or  depot  to  be  broken 
up,  or  disposed  of  in  accordance  with  the  instructions  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

9N5.  Public  property  in  use  will  not  be  reported  as  unserviceable  nor  condemned 
by  an  inspector  merely  because  worn  or  shabby  in  appearance  when  really  strong 
and  serviceable. 

9§6.  Great  care  will  be  taken  to  prevent  property  once  condemned  and  ordered 
dropped  from  the  returns  from  being  again  presented  for  inspection.     When  public 
property  is  presented  to  an  inspector  for  condemnation  the  officer  responsible  will 
certify  on  the  inventory  that  the  property  has  not  been  previously  condemned. 
^^  9§7.  Inspectors  will,  when  practicable,  cause  the  destruction,  in  their  presence, 
^Ht  all  property  found  to,  be  worthless  and  which  is  without  money  value  at  or  near 
^^roe  place  of  inspection,  except  small  arms,  and  will  state  in  their  reports  that  "the 
articles  recommended  to  be  destroyed  have  no  money  value  at  or  near  the  post." 
The  action  of  an  inspector  on  property  of  this  character  will  be  final,  and  his  report 
will  be  a  valid  voucher  for  the  responsible  officer.     Inspectors  will  be  held  responsible 
for  their  action  in  this  particular.     When  j)roperty  thus  condemned  is  not  destroyed 
in  the  presence  of  the  inspector  the  responsible  officer  will  certify  to  the  fact  of  sub- 
sequent destruction  in  his  presence. 

9§8.  An  inspection  report  on  damaged  clothing  will  set  forth  the  amoimt  of  dam- 
age to  each  article;  also  a  list  of  such  articles  as  are  fit  for  issue  to  prisoners,  or,  at 
re<luced  prices,  to  enlisted  men  willing  to  receive  them. 

9N9.  Department  connnanders,  the  commander  of  an  army  corps  or  army  in  the 
field,  or  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army,  may  give  orders,  on  the  reports  of 
authorized  inspectors,  to  sell,  destroy,  or  make  such  other  disposition  of  condemned 
property  as  the  c^se  may  require,  except  the  sale  of  ordnance  and  ordnance  stores 
and  the  destruction  of  saddles  issued  by  the  Ordnance  Dei)artment,  for  which  the 
orders  of  the  Secretary  of  War  must  be  given.  If  the  property  he  of  considerable 
value,  and  there  l>e  good  reason  to  suppose  that  it  can  be  more  advantageously  applied 
or  disposed  of  elsewhere  than  within  the  connnand,  the  matter  will  be  referred  to  the 
War  Department  through  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

990.  Orders  for  the  final  disposition  of  condenuied  property  will  be  indorsed  by 
the  proper  authority  on  the  inspection  reports,  each  copy  being  made  complete  in 
itself.  One  will  be  forwarded,  through  military  channels,  to  the  Inspector-General 
of  the  Army,  and  the  others  to  the  ai^countable  officer,  who  will  forward  one,  or  suit- 
able extracts  therefrom,  with  his  accounts,  and  file  the  other  with  his  retained  papers. 


138  THE    JUDaE-ADVOCATE-GENERAL's    DEPARTMENT. 

ARTICLE  LXXIII. 

Judge- Advocate-Genekal's  Department. 

991.  The  Judge-Advorate-General's  Department  is  the  bureau  of  mihtary  justice. 
The  Judge- Advocate-General  is  the  custodian  of  the  records  of  all  general  courts- 
martial,  courts  of  inquiry,  and  military  connnissions,  and  of  all  papers  relating  to  the 
title  of  lands  under  the  control  of  the  AVar  Department,  except  the  Washington 
Aqueduct  and  the  public  buildings  and  grounds  in  the  District  of  Columbia.  The 
officers  of  this  department  render  opinions  upon  legal  questions  when  called  upon 
by  proper  authority. 

992.  Tlie  judge-advocate  of  each  dejiartment,  or  the  officer  acting  as  such,  will, 
as  soon  as  practicable  after  June  30  of  each  year,  render  to  the  Judge- Advocate-Gen- 
eral a  report  for  the  year  terminating  on  that  date,  giving  the  number  and  character 
of  cases  tried  by  courts-martial  in  the  department  during  the  period.  This  report 
will  separately  classify  the  trials  of  officers  and  enlisted  men,  and  show  whether  by 
general,  garrison,  or  sum  nary  courts,  the  number  of  acquittals  in  each  class  and  the 
number  of  different  nion  tried  by  inferior  courts,  and  contain  his  recommendations 
and  remarks  touching  the  administration  of  military  justice. 

993.  The  original  proceedings  of  all  general  courts-martial,  courts  of  inquiry,  and 
military  commissions,  with  the  decisions  and  orders  of  the  reviewing  authorities 
made  thereon,  and  the  proceedings  of  all  general  courts-martial,  courts  of  inquiry, 
and  military  commissions  which  require  the  confirmation  of  the  President,  but  which 
have  not  been  appointed  by  him,  will  be  forwarded  direct  to  the  Judge- Advocate- 
General.  One  copy  of  the  order  promulgating  the  action  of  the  court,  and  a  copy  of 
every  subsequent  order  affecting  the  case,  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Judge- Advocate- 
General,  with  the  record  of  each  case.  When  more  than  one  case  is  embraced  in  a 
single  order,  a  sufficient  number  of  copies  will  be  forwarded  to  enable  one  to  be  filed 
with  each  record.  The  proceedings  of  all  courts  and  military  commissions  appointed 
by  the  President  will  be  sent  direct  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

994.  Judge-advocates  and  acting  judge-advocates  will  forward  to  t^e  Judge- 
Advocate-General,  on  June  30  each  year,  with  the  reports  prescribed  in  paragraph 
992,  lists  of  the  law  books  foi-  which  they  are  responsible. 

995.  Applications  of  officers,  enlisted  men,  and  military  prisoners  for  copies  of 
proceedings  of  general  courts-martial,  to  be  furnished  them  under  the  114th  article  of 
war,  will,  when  received  by  post  or  other  commanders,  be  forwarded  direct  to  the 
Judge-Ad  vucate-General. 

996.  Communications  relating  to  proceedings  of  military  courts  on  file  in  the 
Judge- Advocate-General's  Department  will  be  addressed  and  forwarded  direct  by 
department  commanders  to  the  Judge- Advocate-General.  In  routine  matters,  the 
Judge- Advocate-General  and  judge-advocates  may  correspond  with  each  other  direct. 

997.  The  reports  which  the  Judge- Advocate-General  may  render  upon  cases 
received  by  him,  and  which  require  the  action  of  the  President,  will  be  addressed 
to  the  Secretary  of  War  and  will  be  forwarded,  through  the  Commanding  General  of 
the  Army,  for  such  remarks  and  recommendations  as  he  may  see  fit  to  make. 


ARREST    AND    CONFINEMENT.  139 

ARTICLE  LXXIV. 

AkKEST    AN])    CONFINEMKNT. 

99§.  Commanding  officers  only  have  power  to  place  officers  in  arrest,  except  an 
j)i()vi(le<l  in  the  24th  Article  of  War.  An  arrest  may  be  ordered  by  the  conunandinj? 
(itlicer,  in  person  or  through  hia  staff  officer,  orally  or  in  writing. 

999.  An  officer  arrested  will  repair  at  once  to  his  tent  or  quarters,  and  there 
remain  until  n)ore  extended  limits  have  been  granted  by  the  commanding  offi.cer, 
on  written  application.  Close  confinement  will  not  be  enforced  except  in  cases  of  a 
serious  nature. 

1000.  Officers  will  not  be  placed  in  arrest  for  light  offenses.  For  these  the  cen- 
sure of  the  commanding  officer  will  generally  answer  the  purpose  of  discipline. 
Whenever  a  connnanding  officer  places  an  offi(^er  in  arrest  and  releases  him  without 
preferring  charges,  he  will  make  a  written  report  of  his  action  to  the  department 
commander,  stating  the  cause.  The  dex^artment  commander,  if  he  thinks  the  occ!a- 
sion  requires,  will  call  on  the  officer  arrested  for  any  explanation  he  may  desire  to 
make,  and  take  such  other  action  as  he  may  think  necessary,  forwarding  the  papers 
to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  for  file  with  the  officer's  record,  or  for  further 
action. 

1001.  A  medical  officer,  charged  with  the  commission  of  an  offense,  need  not  be 
placed  in  arrest  until  the  court-martial  for  his  trial  convenes  if  the  service  would  be 
inconvenienced  thereby,  unless  the  charge  is  of  a  flagrant  character. 

1 002.  An  officer  in  arrest  will  not  wear  a  sword  nor  visit  ofiicially  his  command- 
ing or  other  superior  officer,  unless  directed  to  do  so.  His  applications  and  requests 
of  every  nature  will  be  made  in  writing. 

1003.  On  the  march,  field  officers  and  noncommissioned  staff  officers  in  arrest 
will  follow  in  the  rear  of  their  respective  regiments,  and  company  officers  and  non- 
commissioned officers  in  arrest  in  rear  of  their  respective  companies,  unless  other- 
wise specially  directed. 

1004.  Enlisted  men  against  whom  charges  have  been  preferred  will  be  desig- 
nated as  ''awaiting  trial;  "  enlisted  men  who  have  heen  tried  will,  prior  to  the  pro- 
mulgation of  the  result,  be  designated  as  "awaiting  result  of  trial;"  enlisted  men 
serving  sentences  of  confinement,  not  involving  dishonorable  discharge,  will  be  des- 
ignated as  "garrison  prisoners;"  thos  esentenced  to  dishonorable  discharge  and  to 
terms  of  confinement  in  penitentiaries  or  at  military  posts  will  be  designated  as 
"general  prisoners." 

1005.  Noncommissioned  officers  will  not  be  confined  at  the  guardhouse  in  com- 
pany with  privates,  except  in  aggravated  cases  or  where  escape  is  feared,  but  will  be 
placed  in  arrest  in  their  barracks  or  quarters. 

lOOO.  Except  as  provided  in  the  24th  Article  of  War,  or  when  restraint  is  neces- 
sary, no  soldier  will  be  confined  without  the  order  of  an  officer,  who  shall  previously 
inquire  into  his  offense. 

lOOY.  The  arrest  of  a  noncommissioned  officer  or  the  confinement  of  a  soldier 
will,  as  soon  as  practicable,  be  reported  to  his  company  or  detachment  commander 
by  the  officer  authorizing  the  arrest. 

100§.  Prisoners  awaiting  trial  by,  or  undergoing  sentence  of,  general  court- 
martial,  and  those  confined  for  serious  offenses  will,  if  practicable,  be  kei)t  apart 
from  those  confined  by  sentence  of  an  inferior  court,  or  for  minor  offenses.  Enlisted 
men  awaiting  trial  or  awaiting  result  of  trial  will  not  be  sent  to  work  with  garrison 
or  general  prisoners  if  it  can  be  avoided,  and  may,  in  the  discretion  of  the  command- 
ing oflicer,  be  required  to  attend  drills,  or  sent  to  work,  under  charge  of  a  sentinel, 


140  GENERAL    PRISONERS. 

during  the  usual  working  hours.     General  prisoners  will  not  be  confined  witVi  other 
prisoners  except  in  cases  of  necessity. 

1009.  All  persons  under  guard  without  written  charges  will  be  released  by  the 
old  officer  of  the  day  at  guard  mounting,  unless  specific  orders  to  the  contrary  have 
been  given,  in  each  case,  by  the  commanding  officer. 

1010.  Prisoners  will  not  be  placed  in  irons  except  under  sentence  of  a  court- 
martial,  or  in  the  extraordinary  case  of  a  prisoner  who,  in  the  judgment  of  the  com- 
manding officer,  is  a  desperate  or  dangerous  character,  in  which  case  report  of  action 
and  the  circumstances  will  be  immediately  made  to  the  department  commander.  A 
prisoner  may  be  shackled  or  handcuffed  while  being  transported  from  one  post  to 
another,  or  from  a  post  to  a  penitentiary  when,  in  the  judgment  of  the  officer  in 
charge,  the  escape  of  the  prisoner  can  not  otherwise  be  prevented. 

1011.  The  Secretary  of  War  will  designate  certain  posts  as  places  where  general 
prisoners  sentenced  to  confinement  for  six  months  or  more  shall  serve  their  sentences. 
Spjecial  rules  and  regulations  will  be  promulgated  by  the  War  Department  to  govern 
the  enforcement  of  discipline,  the  methods  of  guarding,  and  the  treatment  of  these 
prisoners,  also  the  measure  of  labor  to  be  imposed  and  the  character  of  clothing  and 
diet  to  be  furnished  them. 

101 2.  Prisoners  will  be  forwarded  from  places  of  trial  to  posts  at  which  they  are 
sentenced  to  serve  confinement  only  on  orders  of  department  commander.^  or  higher 
authority.  The  strength  of  guards  to  accompany  them  will  be  limited  to  the  neces- 
sities of  safe  delivery.  Orders  detailing  guards  in  charge  of  military  prisoners  sent 
to  the  United  States  Penitentiary  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kans.,  will  provide  for  the 
return  journey  of  the  guard  and  for  commutation  of  rations,  when  such  commutation 
is  necessary.  The  commanding  officer  of  a  post  from  which  a  prisoner  is  transferred 
will  send,  under  seal,  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  post  where  the  sentence  of 
confinement  is  to  be  executed  the  following  papers  in  his  case,  viz:  Discharge  papers, 
if  discharged,  descriptive  list,  orders  promulgating  and  modifying  sentences,  state- 
ment of  conduct  while  under  sentence  to  date  of  transfer,  and  a  list  of  clothing  in 
possession  of  the  prisoner  when  forwarded. 

1013.  All  serviceable  clothing  which  belongs  to  a  prisoner,  and  his  blankets,  will 
accompany  him  to  the  post  designated  for  his  confinement,  and  will  be  fully  itemized 
on  the  clothing  list  mentioned  in  the  preceding  paragraph.  The  guard  in  charge  of 
the  prisoner  during  transfer  will  be  furnished  with  a  duplicate  of  this  list  and  will  be 
held  responsible  for  the  delivery  of  all  articles  itemized  therein,  with  the  prisoner. 
At  least  one  serviceable  woolen  blanket  will  be  sent  with  every  such  prisoner  so 
transferred. 

1014.  The  personal  effects  of  military  prisoners  who  have  escaped  from  confine- 
ment, except  such  as  possess  some  special  value  as  keepsakes,  may  be  disposed  of  by 
sale  as  in  the  case  of  effects  of  deceased  soldiers,  and  the  proceeds  thereof,  together 
with  any  money  left  by  the  prisoner  in  the  hands  of  the  company  commander,  be 
turned  over  to  a  paymaster,  who  should  account  for  the  same  in  the  manner  provided 
for  paymasters'  collections.  The  officer  will  take  the  paymaster's  receipt  for  the 
amount  paid  him  and  forward  the  same  to  the  Auditor  of  the  Treasury  for  the  War 
Department. 

1015.  A  general  prisoner,  when  released  from  confinement  at  a  post,  will  be  care- 
fully examined  and  a  record  of  all  marks,  scars,  and  physical  peculiarities  made  by  a 
medical  officer  on  the  outline  figure  card  used  in  the  examination  of  recruits,  which 
the  medical  officer  will  forward  direct  to  the  Surgeon-General. 

1016.  Prisoners  will  be  allowed,  in  abatement  of  their  terms  of  confinement,  five 
days  for  each  period  of  twenty-five  days  during  the  whole  of  which  their  conduct  has 


COURTS-MARTIAL.  141 

been  good;  l)iit  a))atemente  thus  earned  may  })e  forfeited,  t-itluT  wholly  or  in  part, 
by  substNiueiit  iniHeonduet.  Sucli  forfeitures  are  determined  ])y  the  eommanding 
offieer  of  the  post  where  a  prisoner  is  confined. 

1017.  The  power  to  pardon  or  mitigate  punishment  imposed  by  a  court-martial, 
vested  in  the  authority  which  confirms  the  proceedings,  extends  only  to  unexecuted 
portions  of  a  sentence,  and  continues  ordy  while  the  prisoner  remains  under  the  juris- 
diction of  that  authority;  the  fact  that  a  soldier  has  ])een  dishonorably  discharged 
through  his  sentence  does  not  affect  this  power.  An  application  for  clemency  in  case 
of  a  general  prisoner  sentenced  to  confinement  in  a  penitentiary  will  ))e  forwarded  to 
the  Secretary  of  War  for  the  action  of  the  President.  The  power  to  "commute" 
sentences  imi)osed  by  military  tril)unals,  not  being  vested  in  military  commanders, 
can  only  be  exercised  by  the  President. 

ARTICLE   LXXV. 

Coiikto-Martiai.. 

101§.  The  order  appointing  a  court-martfal  will  name  its  members  in  order  of 
rank,  and  they  will  sit  according  to  rank  as  announ<;ed.  A  decision  of  the  appoint- 
ing authority  as  to  the  number  that  can  be  assembled  without  injury  to  tlie  service 
is  conclusive. 

1019.  The  place  of  holding  a  court  is  designated  by  the  authority  appointing  it. 
Courts  will  be  assembled  at  posts  or  stations  where  trial  or  examination  will  be 
attended  with  the  least  expense.  A  member  stationed  at  the  place  where  it  sits  is 
liable  to  duty  with  his  command  during  adjournment  from  day  to  day.  Courts  will, 
as  far  as  practicable,  hold  their  sessions  so  as  to  interfere  least  with  ordinary  routine 
duties. 

1020.  A  president  of  the  court  will  not  be  announced.  The  officer  highest  in 
rank  X)resent  will  act  as  president.    - 

1021.  A  court-martial  has  no  power  to  punish  its  members;  but  for  disonlerly 
conduct  a  member  is  liable  as  for  other  offenses  against  military  discipline.  Improper 
words  used  by  him  should  be  taken  down  in  writing,  and  any  disorderly  conduct 
reported  to  the  appointing  authority. 

1022.  When  a  court  sits  in  closed  session  the  judge-advocate  will  withdraw,  and 
when  legal  advice  or  assistance  is  required  it  will  be  obtained  in  open  court. 

SUBPCENAS   TO    WITNESSES. 

102:i.  The  judge-advocate  will  summon  the  necessary  witnesses  for  the  trial,  but 
will  not  summon  witnesses  at  the  expense  of  the  Government  without  the  order  of 
the  court,  unless  satisfied  that  their  testimony  is  material  and  necessary.  A  subpana 
may  be  sers'ed  by  any  person. 

1024.  Judge-advocates  <^f  eourts-martial  will,  whenever  it  is  possible,  send  sub- 
poenas through  military  channels. 

1025.  An  officer  or  enlisted  man  who  receives  a  summons  to  attend  as  a  witness 
before  any  military  court,  board,  civil  court,  or  other  tribunal  competent  to  issue 
subpoenas,  which  is  sitting  beyond  the  limits  of  the  department  where  he  is  serving, 
will,  before  starting  to  obey  the  summons,  forward  it  through  the  proper  channel 
to  his  department  commander,  that  necessary  orders,  or  authority  to  obey  a  civil 
process,  may  be  given.  In  urgent  cases,  or  when  the  .public  interest  would  be  liable 
to  suffer  ])y  <lelay,  a  post  commander  may  authorize  immediate  departure,  reporting 
his  action  and  the  reasons  therefor  to  the  denartment  commander. 


142  WRITS    OF    ATTACHMENT CHARGES. 

WRITS   OP   ATTACHMENT. 

1026*  Judge-advocates  of  military  courts,  in  issuing  jjrocess  under  section  1202, 
Kevised  Statutes,  to  conii)e]  the  attendance,  as  witnesses,  of  persons  not  in  the  mili- 
tary service  in  the  State,  Territory,  or  District  in  which  the  court  sits,  will  formally 
direct  the  same  to  an  officer  designated  by  the  department  commander  to  execute  it. 
The  nearest  military  commander  will  furnish  the  necessary  military  force  for  the 
execution  of  the  process,  if  force  be  required. 

CHARGES   AND   SPECIFICATIONS. 

102T.  Commanding  officers  are  not  required  to  bring  every  dereliction  of  duty 
before  a  court  for  trial,  but  will  endeavor  to  prevent  their  recurrence  by  admonitions, 
withholding  of  privileges,  and  taking  such  steps  as  may  be  necessary  to  enforce  their 
orders.  Company  commanders  are  authorized,  subject  to  the  control  of  the  com- 
manding officer  of  the  ])ost,  to  dispose  of  cases  of  derelictions  of  duty  in  their  com- 
mands which  would  be  within  the  jurisdiction  of  inferior  courts-martial,  by  requiring 
extra  tours  of  fatigue,  unless  the  soldier  concerned  demands  a  trial.  This  right  to 
demand  a  trial  must  be  made  known  to  him. 

1028.  Charges  against  an  enlisted  man  forwarded  to  the  authority  competent  to 
appoint  a  general  court  for  his  trial  will  be  accompanied  by  a  statement  in  the  pre- 
scribed form,  setting  forth  the  dates  of  his  present  and  former  enlistments,  the  charac- 
ter upon  each  of  the  discharges  given  him,  and  the  date  of  his  confinement  for  the 
offenses  alleged  in  the  charges.  This  statement  is  intended  simply  for  the  informa- 
tion of  the  convening  authority,  and  will  not  l)e  introduced  in  evidence  nor  made  a 
part  of  the  record  of  the  trial,  but  will  be  returned  to  the  convening  authority  with 
the  record. 

1029.  Commanding  officers  will,  before  forwarding  charges,  personally  investi- 
gate them,  and,  by  indorsement  on  the  charges,  will  certify  that  they  have  made 
such  investigation,  and  whether,  in  their  opinion,  the  charges  can  be  sustained. 

1030.  Charges  submitted  for  trial  by  a  summary  court  should  be  accompanied  by 
evidence  of  previous  convictions,  to  be  furnished  when  practicable  by  the  officer  pre- 
ferring the  charges;  or,  if  the  evidence  is  contained  in  the  summary  court  record 
book,  a  reference  to  it  will  be  sufficient.  If  this  evidence  is  not  submitted  or  cited, 
the  summary  court  may  take  judicial  notice  of  any  such  evidence  which  that  book 
contains. 

1031.  Charges  preferred  for  offenses  cognizable  by  inferior  courts  will  be  laid 
before  the  post  commander,  who,  if  he  thinks  that  the  accused  should  be  tried,  will 
cause  him  to  be  brought  before  the  summary  court,  w^here  he  will  be  arraigned  and 
allowed  to  plead  according  to  prevailing  court-martial  practice.  If  an  accused  neither 
demands  a  removal  of  his  case  to  a  regimental  or  garrison  court,  nor  (he  being  a  non- 
commissioned officer  above  the  grade  of  corporal)  objects  to  trial  by  an  inferior 
court,  nor  pleads  guilty,  and  the  summary  court  officer  is  not  the  accuser,  witnesses 
will  be  sworn  and  evidence  received — the  accused  being  permitted  to  testify  in  his 
own  behalf  and  make  a  statement;  but  the  evidence  and  statement  will  not  be 
recorded.  The  summary  court,  as  soon  as  trial  is  concluded,  will  record  its  findings 
and  sentence  in  the  prescribed  record  book  and  submit  it  to  the  post  commander, 
who  will  record  therein  his  approval  or  disapproval,  in  part  or  whole,  with  date  and 
signature.  Should  the  post  commander  be  the  summary  court,  the  findings  and 
sentence  will  be  recorded  in  like  manner.  No  other  record  of  the  proceedings  will 
be  kept,  and  such  trials  will  not  be  published  in  orders.  Post  commanders  will  fur- 
nish company  and  other  (commanders  with  copies  of  the  summary  court  record  rela- 
ting to  men  of  their  commands,  said  copies  to  be  certified  to  be  true  copies  by  the 
post  commander  or  adjutant. 


CHARGES    AND    SPECIFICATIONS TRIALS.  143 

IO:i2.  When  a  post  commander  sitn  as  a  summary  court,  no  approval  of  the  sen- 
tence is  n'(|uire(l  })y  law,  but  he  should  sij^n  the  sentence  as  post  commander  and 
date  his  signature. 

lOS^i.  Noncommissioned  officers  above  the  rank  of  corporal  will  not,  if  they 
object  thereto,  be  brought  to  trial  before  regimental,  garrison,  or  summary  com^«- 
martial,  without  the  authority  of  the  officer  competent  to  order  their  trial  by  general 
court-martial;  nor  will  sergeants  of  the  post  noncommissioned  staff  or  hospital  stew- 
ards be  reduced,  but  they  may  be  dishonorably  discharged  whenever  reduction  is 
included  in  the  limit  of  punishment. 

1034.  The  summary  court  will  be  opened  at  a  stated  hour  every  morning  except 
Sunday  for  the  trial  of  sucli  cases  as  may  properly  be  brought  l>efore  it.  Trials  wil 
])e  had  on  Sunday  only  when  the  exigencies  of  the  service  make  it  necessary.  The 
conunanding  officer,  and  not  the  court,  will  determine  when  and  what  cawes  shall  be 
brought  before  it.  Delay  in  the  trial  of  a  soldier  by  summary  court  does  not  invali- 
date the  proceedings,  but  may  be  considered  by  the  court  in  awarding  sentence. 

1035.  Summary  courts  are  subject  to  the  restrictions  named  in  the  88d  Article  of 
War.  Soldiers  against  whom  charges  may  be  preferred  for  trial  l)y  sunnnary  court 
will  not  be  confined  in  the  guardhouse,  but  will  be  placted  in  arrest  in  (piart^^rs,  l)efore 
and  during  trial  and  w^hile  awaiting  sentence,  except  when  in  particular  cases 
restraint  may  be  necessary. 

1036.  Whenever,  under  the  provisions  of  the  sunmiary-court  act,  it  becomes 
necessary  to  convene  a  garrison  or  regimental  court,  the  order  ap])ointing  it  will 
state  the  facts  which  bring  the  cases  to  be  tried  within  the  exceptions  of  those  laws. 


1087.  The  commanding  officer  of  a  post  where  a  general  court-martial  is  convened 
w  ill,  at  the  recpiest  of  any  prisoner  who  is  to  be  arraigned,  detail  as  counsel  for  his 
defense  a  suitaljle  officer,  one  not  directly  responsible  for  the  discipline  of  an  organi- 
zation serving  thereat,  nor  acting  as  a  summary  court.  If  there  be  no  such  officer 
availal)le,  the  fact  will  be  reported  to  the  appointing  authority  for  action.  An  officer 
so  <letailed  should  perform  such  duties  as  usually  devolve  upon  counsel  for  defendant 
l)efore  civil  courts  in  criminal  cases.  As  such  counsel  he  should  guard  the  interests 
of  the  prisoner  by  all  honoral)le  and  legitimate  means  known  to  the  law,  so  far  as 
they  are  not  inconsistent  with  military  relations. 

103§.  Whenever  a  soldier  is  convicted  of  an  offense  for  which  a  discretionary 
jiunishment  is  authorized,  the  court  will  receive  evidence  of  previous  convictions,  if 
there  be  any;  such  evidence  being  limited,  except  in  the  case  of  desertion,  to  pre- 
vious convictions  by  courts-martial  of  any  offense  or  offenses  within  one  year  pre- 
ceding the  arraignment  and  during  the  current  enlistment.  General,  regimental, 
and  garrison  courts-martial  will,  after  a  finding  of  guilty,  be  opened  for  the  purpose 
of  ascertaining  whether  there  is  such  evidence  and,  if  so,  of  receiving  it.  Previous 
convictions  by  courts-martial  must  be  proved  by  the  records  of  previous  trials  and 
convictions,  or  by  duly  authenticated  copies  of  such  records,  or  by  duly  authenti- 
cate<l  copies  of  the  orders  promulgating  such  trials.  General  courts-martial  will  con- 
sider only  such  evidence  of  previous  convictions  as  is  referred  to  them  l)y  the  con- 
vening authority.  The  usual  evidence  of  previous  convictions  by  sunnnary  court  is 
the  copy  of  a  sunnnary  court  record  furnished  to  company  and  other  connnanders, 
as  required  by  paragraph  1030,  ^Vrmy  Regulations,  or  one  furnished  for  the  puri>ose, 
and  certified  to  be  a  true  copy  by  the  post  conmiander  or  adjutant.  When  the  proof 
produced  is  the  copy  furnished  to  the  comimny  or  other  connnander,  it  will  ])e 
returntHl  to  him  and  a  copy  of  it  attached  to  the  record  of  the  general,  regimental, 
or  garrison  court  trying  the  case.  Charges  forwarded  to  the  authority  competent  to 
order  a  general  court-martial,  or  submitted  to  a  summary,  g*arris<m,  or  regimental 
court-martial,  must  be  accompanied  by  the  proper  evidence  of  previous  convictions. 


144  SENTENCES. 

SENTENCES. 

1039.  Whenever  by  any  of  the  Articles  of  War  punishment  is  left  to  the  discre- 
tion of  the  court,  it  shall  not,  in  time  of  peace,  be  in  excess  of  a  limit  which  the 
President  may  prescribe.  The  limits  so  prescribed  are  set  forth  in  the  Manual  for 
Courts-Martial,  published  by  Authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

1040.  Sentences  imposing  tours  of  guard  duty  are  forbidden. 

1041.  When  the  sentence  of  a  court-martial  prescribes  imprisonment,  the  court 
will  state  therein  whether  the  prisoner  shall  be  confined  in  a  penitentiary  or  in  some 
place  under  military  jurisdiction,  being  guided  in  its  determination  by  the  97th 
Article  of  War.  When  a  penitentiary  has  been  erroneously  designated,  the  review- 
ing authority  may  disapprove  it  and  designate  a  proper  place. 

1042.  General  courts-martial  may  sentence  soldiers  to  confinement  in  a  peniten- 
tiary for  offenses  which  are  thus  punishable  by  some  statute  of  the  United  States  or 
by  a  statute  or  the  common  law  of  the  State,  Territory,  or  District  in  which  the 
offenses  are  committed.  Department  commanders  will  designate  the  United  States 
Penitentiary  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  as  the  place  of  such  execution  of  sentence, 
in  cases  in  which  the  term  of  confinement  imposed  is  more  than  one  year.  If  any 
State  or  Territory  within  a  military  department  has  made  provision  by  law  for  the 
confinement  of  such'  prisoners  in  its  penitentiaries,  the  department  commander,  with 
the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  may  designate  one  as  the  place  of  execution  of 
sentence. 

1043.  When  the  court  has  sentenced  a  prisoner  to  confinement  at  a  post,  no 
power  is  competent  to  increase  the  punishment  by  designating  a  penitentiary  as  the 
place  of  confinement. 

1044.  When  a  sentence  of  confinement  or  forfeiture  is  in  excess  of  the  legal  limit, 
the  part  within  the  limit  is  legal  and  may  be  executed. 

1045.  When  the  date  for  the  commencement  of  a  term  of  confinement  imposed 
by  sentence  of  a  court-martial  is  not  expressly  fixed  by  the  sentence,  the  term  of 
confinement  begins  on  the  date  of  the  order  promulgating  it.  The  sentence  is  (con- 
tinuous until  the  term  expires,  except  when  the  person  sentenced  is  absent  without 
authority. 

1046.  The  order  promulgating  the  proceedings  of  a  court  and  the  action  of  the 
reviewing  authority  will,  when  practicable,  be  of  the  same  date.  When  this  is  not 
practicable,  the  order  will  give  the  date  of  the  action  of  the  reviewing  authority  as 
the  date  of  the  beginning  of  the  sentence.  This  does  not  apply  to  sentences  of 
forfeiture  of  all  pay  and  allowances.  A  soldier  awaiting  result  of  trial  will  not  be 
paid  before  the  result  is  known. 

1047.  The  authority  which  has  designated  the  place  of  confinement,  or  higher 
authority,  may  change  the  place  of  confinement  of  any  prisoner  under  the  jurisdic- 
tion of  such  authority. 

104§.  A  sentence  to  confinement,  with  or  without  forfeiture  of  pay,  can  not 
become  operative  prior  to  the  date  of  confirmation.  If  it  be  proper  to  take  into  con- 
sideration the  length  of  confinement  to  which  the  prisoner  has  been  subjected 
previous  to  such  confirmation,  it  may  be  done  by  mitigation  of  sentence. 

1049.  When  soldiers  awaiting  result  of  trial  or  undergoing  sentence  commit 
offenses  for  which  they  are  tried,  the  second  sentence  will  be  executed  upon  the 
expiration  of  the  first. 

1050.  A  sentence  adjudging  a  dishonorable  discharge,  to  take  effect  at  such 
period  during  a  term  of  confinement  as  may  be  designated  by  the  reviewing  author- 
ity, is  illegal. 

1051.  The  time  at  which  a  dishonorable  discharge  is  to  take  effect,  as  fixed  by  a, 
sentence,  can  not  be  postponed  by  the  reviewing  officer. 


SENTENCES THE  RECORD.  145 

1052.  When  a  sentence  imposes  forfeiture  of  pay,  or  of  a  stated  portion  thereof, 
for  a  certain  number  of  months,  it  stops  for  each  of  those  months  the  amount  stated. 
Thus:  "Ten  dollars  of  monthly  pay  for  one  year"  would  be  a  stoppage  of  $120. 
When  the  sentence  is  silent  as  to  the  date  of  commencement  of  forfeiture  of  pay,  the 
forfeiture  will  begin  at  the  date  of  promulgation  of  the  sentence  in  orders,  and  will 
not  apply  to  pay  which  accrued  previous  to  that  date. 

1053.  An  order  remitting  a  forfeiture  of  pay  operates  only  on  the  pay  to  become 
due  subsequent  to  the  date  of  the  order. 

1054.  Notwithstanding  a  sentence  contemplates  payment  of  a  stated  sum  to  a 
soldier  upon  his  release  from  confinement,  it  can  not  be  made  unless  there  is  a  suffi- 
cient balance  to  his  credit  after  all  authorizerl  stoppages  are  deducted. 

THE   RECORD. 

1055.  Every  coui t-martial  shall  keep  a  complete  and  accurate  record  of  its  pro- 
ceedings, which  will  be  authenticated,  in  each  case,  by  the  .signatures  of  the  president 
and  judge-advocate.  Whenever,  by  reason  of  the  death  or  disability  of  the  judge- 
advocate  occurring  after  the  court  has  decided  on  the  sentence,  the  record  can  not  be 
authenticated  by  his  signature  it  must  show  that  it  has  been  formally  approved  by 
the  court  and  must  be  authenticated  by  the  signature  of  the  president.  The  judge- 
advocate  should  affix  his  signature  to  each  day's  proceedings.  Testimony  taken 
before  regimental  or  garrison  courts-martial  will  not  be  reduced  to  writing. 

1056.  When  records  of  trial  by  general  courts-martial  are  written  on  the  type- 
writer the  copyable  ribbon  will  be  used  when  practicable,  as  this  will  save  labor  in 
making  the  copies  required  to  be  furnished  under  the  114th  Article  of  War. 

1057.  The  judge-advocate  will  transmit  the  proceedings  without  delay  to  the 
officer  having  authority  to  confirm  the  sentence,  who  will  state  at  the  end  of  the 
proceedings  in  each  case  his  decision  and  orders. 

105S.  The  complete  proceedings  of  a  garrison  or  regimental  court  will  be  trans- 
mitted without  delay  by  the  post  or  regimental  commander  to  department  head- 
quarters. 

1 059.  When  the  record  of  a  court  exhibits  error  in  preparation,  or  seemingly 
erroneous  conclusions,  the  reviewing  authority  may  reconvene  the  court  for  a  recon- 
sideration of  its  action,  pointing  out  defects.  Should  the  court  concur  in  the  views 
submitted,  it  will  proceed  by  amendment  to  correct  its  error,  and  may  modify  or 
completely  change  its  findings.  A  reopening  of  the  case,  by  calling  or  recalling 
witnesses,  is  illegal. 

1060.  Proceedings  of  courts-martial  in  cases  of  officers  and  in  important  cases  of 
enlisted  men  will  be  published  in  general  orders  issued  from  Army,  division,  or 
department  headquarters;  and,  in  cases  of  enlisted  men  that  are  not  of  general 
interest  or  importance,  in  special  orders  in  form  as  follows: 

Private ,  Company , th  Regiment  of ,  having  been  tried  by  a  general  court- 
martial  convened  at ,  and  found  guilty  of ,  in  violation  of  the Article  of  War,  was 

sentenced  " To  be ."    The  sentence  is  approved  and  will  be  duly  executed.   The  prisoner . 

will  be . 

1061.  Commanders  of  divisions  or  separate  brigades  convening  general  courts- 
martial  pursuant  to  the  73d  Article  of  War,  or  acting  as  reviewing  authority  on  pro- 
ceedings thereof,  will  forward  the  same  to  the  Judge- Advocate-General  of  the  Army 
through  their  respective  corps  commanders.  If  errors  are  found  in  the  proceedings, 
demanding  it,  the  corps  commander  may  return  them  to  the  reviewing  authority  for 
any  necessary  action  before  forwarding  them  to  the  Judge- Advocate-General  of  the 
Army. 

22778—03 10 


146       REPORTERS,   CLERKS,    INTERPRETERS CIVILIAN    WITNESSES. 

KEPORTERS,  CLERKS,  INTERPRETERS. 

1062.  The  employment  of  a  stenographic  reporter,  under  section  1203,  Revised 
Statutes,  is  authorized  for  general  courts  only,  and  in  cases  where  the  convening 
authority  considers  it  necessary.  The  convening  authority  may  also,  when  neces- 
sary, authorize  the  detail  of  an  enlisted  man  to  assist  the  judge-advocate  of  a  general 
court  in  preparing  the  record. 

1063.  When  a  reporter  is  employed  under  section  1203,  Revised  Statutes,  he 
shall  be  paid,  upon  the  certificate  oi  the  judge-advocate,  not  to  exceed  $1  an  hour  for 
the  time  occupied  in  court  by  himself  or  a  competent  assistant  necessarily  employed 
for  him  by  the  judge-advocate,  and  15  cents  per  100  words  for  the  first  and  5  cents 
per  100  words  for  each  additional  copy  of  the  transcript  of  notes  and  of  exhibits  cop- 
ied; and  in  case  the  court  is  held  more  than  10  miles  from  the  place  of  employment 
of  himself  and  assistants  they  shall  each  be  allowed  mileage  over  the  shortest  usually 
traveled  route  at  the  rate  of  8  cents  per  mile  going  to  the  place  of  holding  the  court 
and  $3  a  day  for  expenses  while  necessarily  kept  by  the  judge-advocate  away  from 
the  place  of  employment.  Reporters  are  employed  by  the  judge-advocate  and  are 
paid  by  the  Pay  Department,  at  the  rates  herein  named,  upon  the  certificate  of  the 
judge-advocate  that  the  services  charged  for  have  been  rendered. 

1064.  No  person  in  the  military  or  civil  service  of  the  Government  can  lawfully 
receive  extra  compensation  for  clerical  duties  performed  for  a  military  court. 

1065.  Interpreters  to  courts-martial  are  paid  by  the  Pay  Department  upon  the 
certificate  of  the  judge-advocate  that  they  were  employed  by  order  of  the  court. 
They  will  be  allowed  the  pay  and  allowances  of  civilian  witnesses. 

ARTIGLE   LXXVI. 

Civilian  Witnesses. 

1066.  Civilians  in  the  employ  of  the  Government  when  traveling  upon  sum- 
mons as  witnesses  before  military  courts  are  entitled  to  transportation  in  kind  from 
their  place  of  residence  to  the  place  where  the  court  is  in  session  and  return.  If  no 
transportation  be  furnished  they  are  entitled  to  reimbursement  of  the  cost  of  travel 
actually  performed  by  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route,  including  transfers  to  and 
from  railway  stations,  at  rates  not  exceeding  50  cents  for  each  transfer,  and  the  cost 
of  a  double  berth  in  a  sleeping  car  or  steamer  when  an  extra  charge  is  made  there- 
for. They  are  also  entitled  to  reimbursement  of  the  actual  cost  of  meals  and  rooms 
at  a  rate  not  exceeding  |3  per  day  for  each  day  actually  and  unavoidably  consumed 
in  travel  or  in  attendance  upon  the  court  under  the  order  or  summons.  No  allow- 
ance will  be  made  to  them  when  attendance  upon  court  does  not  require  them  to 
leave  their  stations. 

1067.  A  civilian  not  in  Government  employ  duly  summoned  to  appear  as  a  wit- 
ness before  a  military  court  will  receive  $1.50  per  day  for  each  day  actually  in  attend- 
ance upon  the  court,  and  5  cents  a  mile  for  going  from  his  place  of  residence  to  the 
place  of  trial  or  hearing,  and  5  cents  a  mile  for  returning;  but  in  Wyoming,  Mon- 
tana, Washington,  Oregon,  California,  Utah,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  and  Porto  Rico 
he  will  be  paid  15  cents  for  each  mile  necessarily  traveled  over  any  stage  line  or  by 
private  conveyance  and  in  Porto  Rico  10  cents  for  each  mile  over  any  railway,  in 
such  travel. 

In  case  a  witness  duly  subpoenaed  before  a  general  court-martial  refuses  to  appear 
or  qualify  as  a  witness,  or  to  testify  or  produce  documentary  evidence,  as  required 
by  law,  he  will  at  once  be  tendered  or  paid  by  the  nearest  paymaster  these  fees  and 
mileage  and  will  thereupon  be  again  called  upon  to  comply  with  the  requirements 
of  law.     Civilian  witnesses  will  be  paid  by  the  Pay  Department. 


EMPLOYMENT    OF    COUNSEL HABEAS    CORPUS.  147 

106§.  The  cJiargeB  for  return  journeys  of  witnesses  will  be  made  upon  the  basis 
of  the  actual  charges  allowed  for  travel  to  the  court,  and  the  entire  account  thus 
completed  will  be  paid  upon  discharge  from  attendance  without  waiting  for  comple- 
tion of  return  travel. 

1069.  The  items  of  expenditure  authorized  in  paragraphs  1066  and  1067  will  be 
set  forth  in  detail  and  made  a  part  of  each  voucher  for  reimbursement.  No  other 
items  will  be  allowed.  The  correctness  of  the  items  will  be  attested  by  the  affidavit 
of  the  witness,  to  be  made,  when  practicable,  before  the  judge-advocate,  and  the 
voucher  will  be  accompanied  by  the  original  summons,  or  a  duly  certified  copy  thereof. 
The  certificate  of  the  judge-advocate  will  be  evidence  of  the  fact  and  period  of  attend- 
ance, and  will  be  made  upon  the  voucher. 

1070.  Compensation  to  civilians  in  or  out  of  Government  employ  for  attendance 
upon  civil  courts  is  payable  by  the  civil  authorities. 

ARTICLE  LXXVII. 

Employment  of  Civil  Counsel — H areas  Corpus. 

1071.  The  employment  of  counsel  at  the  expense  of  the  United  States  is  under 
the  direction  of  the  Department  of  Justice. 

1072.  When  a  necessity  arises  for  an  attorney  or  counselor  to  defend  or  advise 
officers  and  others  connected  with  the  military  service  in  cases  connected  with  their 
pul)lic  duties,  request,  with  report  of  the  facts,  will  be  made  to  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army  through  the  regular  military  channels,  but  in  cases  which  will  not  admit 
of  delay  the  request  may  be  sent  direct.  The  Adjutant-General  will  promptly  sub- 
mit all  such  requests  to  the  Secretary  of  War  for  reference  to  the  Department  of  Jus- 
tice. Officers  and  others  in  the  military  service  emj^loying  an  attorney  or  counselor 
without  being  specially  authorized  to  do  so  will  be  required  to  pay  the  expenses 
attendant  upon  such  employment. 

1073.  Officers  will  make  respectful  returns,  in  writing,  to  all  writs  of  habeas 
corpus  served  on  them.  When  the  writ  is  issued  by  a  State  court  or  judge,  and  the 
person  held  by  the  army  officer  is  a  civilian  who  has  been  apprehended  under  a 
warrant  of  attachment  to  be  taken  before  a  court-martial  to  testify  as  a  witness,  the 
officer  will  not  produce  the  body,  but  will,  by  his  return,  set  forth  fully  the  authority 
by  which  he  holds  the  person  and  allege  that  the  State  authority  is  without  jurisdic- 
tion to  issue  the  writ  of  habeas  corpus,  and  ask  to  have  the  same  dismissed.  He 
will  also  exhibit  to  the  court  or  officer  issuing  the  writ  of  habeas  corpus  the  warrant 
of  attachment  and  the  subpoena  (and  the  jiroof  of  the  service  of  the  subpwna)  on 
which  the  warrant  of  attachment  was  based,  and  also  a  certified  copy  of  the  order 
convening  the  court-martial  before  which  he  had  been  commanded  to  take  the  person. 

1074.  Should  a  writ  of  habeas  corpus  issued  by  a  State  court  or  judge  be  served 
upon  an  army  officer  commanding  him  to  produce  an  enlisted  man,  or  general  pris- 
oner, and  show  cause  for  his  detention,  the  officer  will  decline  to  produce  in  court  the 
body  of  the  person  named  in  the  writ,  but  will  make  resi:>ectful  return  in  writing  to 
the  effect  that  the  man  is  a  duly  enlisted  soldier  of  the  United  States  or  a  general 
prisoner  under  sentence  of  court-martial,  as  the  case  may  be,  and  that  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States  has  decided  that  a  magistrate  or  court  of  a  State  has  no 
jurisdiction  in  such  a  case. 

1075.  A  writ  of  habeas  corpus  issued  by  a  Unite<l  States  court  or  judge  will  be 
promptly  obeyed.  The  person  alleged  to  be  illegally  restrained  of  his  liberty  will 
be  taken  before  the  court  from  which  the  writ  has  issued,  and  a  return  made  setting 
forth  the  reasons  for  his  restraint.  The  officer  upon  whom  such  a  writ  is  served  will 
at  once  report  the  fact  of  such  service,  by  telegraph,  direct  to  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army  and  the  commanding  general  of  the  department. 


148       THE  quartermaster's  department. 

ARTICIiE  liXXVIII. 

Quartermaster'  s  Department.  ^ 
general  duties. 

1076.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  is  charged  with  the  duty  of  providing 
means  of  transportation  of  every  character,  either  ui\der  contract  or  in  kind,  which 
may  be  needed  in  the  movement  of  troops  and  material  of  war.  It  furnishes  all  pub- 
lic animals  employed  in  the  service  of  the  Army,  the  forage  consumed  by  them, 
wagons  and  all  articles  necessary  for  their  use,  except  the  equipment  of  cavalry  and 
artillery.  It  furnishes  clothing,  camp  and  garrison  equipage,  barracks,  storehouses, 
and  other  buildings;  constructs  and  repairs  roads,  railways,  bridges;  builds  and 
charters  ships,  boats,  docks,  and  wharves  needed  for  military  purposes,  and  attends 
to  all  matters  connected  with  military  operations  which  are  not  expressly  assigned 
to  some  other  bureau  of  the  War  Dep..rtment. 

1077.  Subsistence,  ordnance,  signal,  medical,  and  hospital  stores  are  i)rocured 
and  issued  by  other  bureaus  of  the  War  Department,  but  the  Quartermaster's  Depart- 
ment transports  them  to  the  place  of  issue  and  provides  storehouses  for  their  preser- 
vation until  consumed. 

107§.  General  depots  for  the  collection,  manufacture,  and  preservation  of  quar- 
termaster's stores  until  required  for  distribution  are  under  the  immediate  control  of 
the  Quartermaster-General. 

1079.  Officers  serving  in  the  Quartern  ister's  Department  will  make  monthly 
estimates  for  funds,  unless  otherwise  authorized,  and  only  for  such  amounts  as  are 
required  for  payments  of  accounts  within  the  jjeriods  estimated  for.  Estimates  will 
show  in  detail  the  amounts  required  to  cover  all  authorized  expenditures  and  the 
purposes  for  which  needed.  (Quartermasters  wnll  subn^it  their  estimates  to  their 
immediate  connnanding  officers  who,  after  action  thereon,  will  forward  them  to  the 
adjutant-general  of  the  department;  he  will  refer  them  to  the  chief  quartermaster 
who,  after  consideration  and  revision,  will  consolidate  and  submit  them  to  the 
department  commander  for  approval;  thereafter  the  chief  quartermaster  will  for- 
ward them  to  the  Quartermaster-General.  Quartermasters  at  general  depots  and 
independent  posts  will  forward  estimates  of  funds  to  the  Quartermaster-General  direct. 

BARRACKS   AND    QUARTERS. 

10 §0.  When  buildings  are  about  to  I  3  occupied,  allotted,  or  vacated,  an  inspec- 
tion of  them  will  be  made  by  the  quartermaster,  who  will  make  and  file  a  statement 
of  their  condition,  reporting  to  the  commanding  officer  any  damage  apparently  due 
to  carelessness  or  neglect.     Damages  will  be  promptly  repaired  if  possible. 

10§1.  Neglect  by  any  officer  or  soldier  to  take  proper  care  of  rooms  or  furniture 
used  by  him  is  a  military  offense.  In  case  of  damage,  such  officer  or  soldier  maybe 
allowed  to  pay  cosi:  of  necessary  rei)airs  if  the  commanding  officer  deem  such  pay- 
ment sufficient.  Commanding  officers  will  report,  through  prescribed  channels,  to 
the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  their  proceedings  in  all  cases  under  this  regulation. 

10§2.  An  annual  inspection  of  the  public  buildings  at  every  post  will  be  made  on 
the  1st  day  of  IVIandi  by  the  commanding  oOicer  and  quartermaster.  Whenever 
March  1  falls  on  Sunday  the  inspection  will  be  made  on  the  following  day.  Imme- 
diately after  the  inspection  the  quarLermaster  will  submit  a  report  upon  the  form 
prescribed  for  that  purpose,  giving  a  description  and  showing  the  condition  and 
capacity  of  each  Iniilding,  the  characte    and  extent  of  any  additions,  alterations,  and 


1  Ref^ulations  for  the  government  of  the  Qnartermaster's  Department,  prepared  and  published 
under  the  authority  ol  the  Secietary  of  War,  are  distributed  to  its  oflfieers  by  the  Quartermaster- 
General.  Only  isuch  regulations  are  herein  given  as  are  general  in  their  nature  or  affeet  other 
branches  of  the  service.  ^ 


BARRACKS  AND  QUARTERS.  149 

repairs  made  upon  it  during  the  preceding  year  and  coat  of  same,  also  repairs  needed, 
with  estimates  therefor.  Estimates  for  heathig  or  pkunbing  will  1  >e  m  de  separately. 
Separate  plans,  specifications,  and  estimates  in  detail  for  additions  and  alterations 
will  be  submitted  with  the  report.  If  new  buildings  are  required  the  necessity  will 
be  fully  stated,  and,  if  authorized  by  the  War  Department,  plans  and  specifications 
will  be  prepared  in  the  Quartermaster-General's  Office.  The  conimanding  officer 
will  carefully  examine  the  report  and  estimates,  and  forward  them,  with  an  expres- 
sion of  his  visws,  to  the  Quartermaster-General.      , 

10§3.  When  private  buildings  occupied  as  barracks  or  quarters,  or  lands  occupied 
as  encampments,  are  vacated,  the  commanding  officer  and  quartermaster  will  make  an 
inspection  of  them,  and  the  latter  will  report,  through  the  prescribed  channel,  to  the 
Quartermaster-General,  their  condition  and  any  injury  which  has  resulted  to  them  by 
reason  of  such  occupancy. 

10§4.  All  public  buildings  at  a  post  will  be  numbered  by  the  quartermaster,  and 
thereafter  each  new  building  will  be  given  its  proper  numeric^al  designation.  The 
number  originally  given  a  building  will  be  retained,  and  entered  by  the  quartermaster 
as  a  permanent  record.  Against  each  building  he  will  charge  all  exi)enditures  made 
thereon,  noting  sums  authorized,  authority  therefor,  and  amounts  actually  exj^ended, 
carefully  iteniized,  showing  separately  the  sums  paid  for  material  and  labor.  All 
expenditures  made  for  the  erection  of  new  buildings,  and  for  additions,  alterations, 
or  repairs,  will  be  so  entered  as  to  accurately  exhibit  the  cost  of  each  building  to  date. 

10§5.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  provide  in  all  i:)ermanent  barracks  a 
1)ox  locker  for  each  enlisted  man  for  his  uniform  and  extra  clothing.  Each  man  will 
})rovide  his  own  lock. 

10§6.  Barracks  will  be  supplied  with  chairs,  at  a  rate  not  exceeding  one  for  each 
noncommissioned  officer  and  one  for  every  two  of  the  other  enlisted  men  quartered 
there. 

10§y.  China  and  glassware  belonging  to  mess  outfits,  bunks,  mattresses,  pillows, 
benches,  chairs,  tables,  and  other  articles  of  furniture  provided  for  soldiers'  barracks, 
will  not  be  removed  therefrom  without  the  order  of  the  post  commander,  nor  will 
they  be  removed  from  a  post  or  station  except  by  order  of  the  War  Department.  Box 
lockers,  mattress  covers,  pillowcases,  bed  sheets,  and  barrack  bags  should  be  trans- 
ported in  all  changes  of  station,  but  will  not  be  taken  into  the  field. 

ALLOWANCE   AND    ASSIGNMENT   OP   QUARTERS. 

10§§.  At  each  post  and  station  where  there  are  public  quarters  in  buildings 
belonging  to  the  United  States,  the  quartermaster,  under  direction  of  the  command- 
ing officer,  will  allot  to  each  officer  the  quarters  to  which  his  rank  entitle.'  him. 

1089.  At  all  posts  where,  in  the  opinion  of  the  department  commandei,  the  bar- 
racks and  quarters  are  sufficient  for  the  purpose,  the  following  regulations  will  govern 
their  assignment  and  occupation: 

1.  Permanent  quarters  will  be  assigned  to  the  field  and  staff  officers  of  the  garrison. 

2.  Quarters  for  the  captain  and  lieutenants  of  each  comi)any  will  be  designated  as 
appertaining  to  each  set  of  barracks,  having  reference  to  convenience  of  location. 
Where  bachelor  quarters  are  provided  at  a  military  post  it  is  proper  a)id  necessary 
that  they  be  assigned  to  officers  without  families. 

3.  On  arrival  of  troops  each  company  will  be  assigned  by  the  commanding  officer 
to  appropriate  vacant  barracks  and  quarters,  having  due  regard  to  lelative  rank  of 
captains  and  their  choice  of  quarters  whenever  two  or  more  arrive  at  the  same  time. 
Quarters  so  regularly  assigned  will  not  be  subject  to  choice,  but  any  not  occupied 
may  be  chosen  for  temporary  occupancy  by  an  officer,  in  accordance  with  existing 
regulations,  subject,  however,  to  removal  whenever  an  officer  entitled  to  them  arrives. 
The  original  assignment  of  (juarters  at  any  post  or  station  will  be  made  by  a  board  of 
officers  consisting  of  the  counnanding  officer,  the  two  senior  line  officers  present,  the 
senior  surgeon,  and  the  quartermaster.    Upon  the  department  commander's  approval 


150  BA.REACKS    AND    QUARTERS. 

of  the  board's  action,  its  recommendations  will  be  carried  into  effect  as  soon  as  prac- 
ticable, the  department  commander  causinji^  tlie  assignments  to  take  effect  as  changes 
occur  in  the  stations  of  officers  and  troops,  without  removing  any  officer  from  quarters 
occupied  by  him  under  other  existing  regulations. 

1090.  At  posts  or  stations  where  the  provisions  of  paragraph  1089  can  not  be 
applied  officers. may  make  selection  of  quarters  in  accordance  with  their  rank,  but 
the  commanding  officer  may  direct  that  they  confine  their  selection  to  buildings 
located  near  their  troox:>s.  An  officer  may  select  quarters  occupied  by  a  junior,  but 
will  not  displace  a  junior  if  there  be  quarters  suitable  to  the  rank  of  the  senior 
available,  with  equal  conveniences  and  accommodations.  When  an  officer  has  made 
his  choice  he  must  abide  by  it,  and  shall  not  again  displace  a  junior  unless  he  him- 
self is  displaced  by  a  senior.  The  particular  rooms  which  constitute  a  set  of  quarters 
will  be  designated  by  the  quartermaster,  under  the  direction  of  the  commanding 
officer.  Attics  are  not  counted  as  rooms.  Officers  will  not  choose  rooms  belonging 
to  different  sets. 

1091.  An  officer  reporting  for  duty  at  a  post  will,  immediately  upon  his  arrival, 
make  written  application  to  the  commanding  officer  for  quarters.  If  in  command 
of  troops,  he  will  apply  for  quarters  for  himself,  for  his  subordinate  officers,  and  the 
enlisted  men  of  his  command.  The  application  Avill  be  accompanied  by  a  copy  of 
the  order  directing  him  to  report  at  the  station,  and  will  be  referred  to  the  quarter- 
master for  proper  action  under  such  instructions  as  the  commanding  officer  may 
indorse  thereon. 

1092.  An  officer  will  not  occupy  more  than  his  proper  allowance  of  quarters, 
exce{)t  by  permission  of  the  commanding  officer  when  there  is  an  excess  of  quarters 
at  the  station.  The  allowance  will  be  reduced  pro  rata  by  the  commanding  officer 
when  the  number  of  officers  and  troops  present  makes  it  necessary.  If  the  public 
buildings  are  inadequate,  the  commanding  officer  will  apply,  through  the  department 
commander,  to  the  Secretary  of  War  for  authority  to  hire  necessary  quarters. 

109S.  Officers  on  duty  without  troops  at  stations  where  there  are  public  quarters 
will  be  furnished  them  in  kind.  If  insufficient,  application  for  authority  to  hire 
quarters  will  be  made  as  directed  in  paragraph  1092. 

1094.  At  a  military  post  where  the  headquarters  of  a  department  are  or  may  be 
established  the  department  commander  may  set  aside  quarters  for  the  staff,  but  will 
not  disturb  assignments  made  under  paragraph  1089  if  it  can  be  avoided.  Quarters 
thus  reserved  will  not  be  open  to  selection,  but  will  be  subject  to  assignment  inde- 
pendent of  choice. 

1095.  An  appropriate  set  of  quarters,  equal  to  those  of  a  captain,  will  be  set 
apart  permanently  for  the  chaplain.  He  will  not  be  displaced,  except  by  a  reduc- 
tion when  the  quarters  are  insufficient  for  the  garrison,  and  he  will  not  then  be 
entirely  displaced,  nor  allowed  to  choose  others. 

1096.  An  officer's  right  to  quarters  is  solely  one  of  occupancy.  When  he  and 
his  family  cease  to  occupy  them,  except  in  case  of  temporary  absence,  they  are  open 
to  selection  by  and  reassignment  to  some  other  officer  on  duty  at  the  post. 

1097.  When  assigned  to  duty  without  troops  or  awaiting  orders  for  the  con- 
venience of  the  Government,  officers  will  be  entitled  to  quarters,  but  in  no  case  will 
they  be  furnished  quarters  at  two  stations  at  the  same  time. 

1098.  The  allowance  of  quarters  to  which  an  officer  is  entitled  w^hen  on  duty 
may  be  continued  in  kind,  at  his  proper  station,  during  the  jjeriod  for  which  the 
law  permits  him  to  be  absent  without  reduction  of  pay  and  allowances.  An  officer 
under  suspension  has  the  same  right  to  quarters  as  when  on  duty  status,  if  present  at 
the  post. 

1099.  At  a  post  a  room  may  be  set  aside  as  a  mess  room  when  a  majority  of  its 
officers  unite  in  a  mess,  but  never  when  the  ofiicers  to  be  accommodated  are  less 
than  three  in  number. 


FUEL    AND    STOVES.  151 

1  lOO.  All  othcer  on  sick  leave  is  entitled  to  public  (luarters  ut  hiw  station  during 
the  period  of  sick  leave,  not  exceeding  six  months,  provided  he  or  his  family  occupy 
them.     He  may  hold  hired  quarters  only  while  he  is  personally  an  occupant. 

FUEL   AND   STOVES. 

1101.  Officers  may  purchase  from  the  Quartermaster's  Department  the  fuel 
actually  needed  for  their  own  use.  For  the  quantity  allowed  them  in  the  table  con- 
tained in  paragraph  1110  they  will  pay  at  the  rate  of  $3  per  cord  for  standard  oak 
wood,  or  the  equivalent  thereof  in  other  kinds  of  fuel  as  determined  by  the  Quarter- 
master-General. For  any  additional  quantity  they  shall  pay  the  contract  price,  or 
|3  per  cord  if  the  contract  price  is  less  than  $3. 

1102.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  may  sell  fuel  in  accordance  with  the 
preceding  paragraph  to  contract  and  dental  surgeons  and  veterinarians  and  to 
families  of  officers  who  are  temporarily  absent,  or  who  are  on  duty  abroad  or  in 
Alaska,  on  the  written  certificate  of  the  officer  that  the  amount  of  his  allowance 
covered  by  the  certificate  will  not  be  otherwise  drawn  by  him.  Officers  on  the 
retired  list,  officers  on  sick  leave,  or  under  sentence  of  suspension  from  duty  on 
reduced  pay,  when  absent  from  their  proper  stations,  are  not  entitled  to  this 
privilege. 

1103.  The  commanding  officer  of  a  post,  at  or  near  which  the  immediate  family 
of  a  regular  or  volunteer  soldier  who  is  absent  abroad  resides,  may,  if  the  residence 
and  other  conditions  of  such  family  make  it  proper,  grant  to  the  head  thereof  per- 
mits to  purchase  for  cash  at  cost  prices,  such  quantities  of  fuel  as,  in  his  opinion,  may 
be  reasonably  needed  for  the  sole  use  of  the  soldier's  immediate  family. 

1104.  Officers  who  desire  to  purchase  fuel  of  the  Quartermaster's  Department 
will  make  requisition  therefor.  Payment  will  be  made  at  the  time  of  sale,  and 
receipt  given. 

1105.  Fuel  will  be  sold  only  on  the  officer's  certificate  that  it  is  for  his  personal 
or  family  use,  and  he  will  not  sell  or  exchange  it.  The  commanding  officer  will 
compare  the  requisitions  and  certificates  with  the  quartermaster's  abstract  of  sales  of 
fuel,  and  if  correct,  so  certify  on  the  abstract. 

1106.  Merchantable  oak  wood  is  the  standard;  the  cord  is  128  cubic  feet.  The 
scale  of  equivalents  to  govern  in  the  issue  and  sale  of  fuel  is  published  from  time  to 
time  in  general  orders. 

1107.  An  officer  may  purchase  from  the  Quartermaster's  Department  one-sixth 
of  his  allowance  of  fuel  in  kindling  wood,  which  will  be  sold  on  the  basis  of  its 
equivalent  in  oak  wood. 

110§.  Fuel  issued  to  troops  is  public  property.  Any  portion  not  consumed  by 
them  will  be  returned  to  the  quartermaster  and  taken  up  on  his  return.  Fuel  so 
issued,  however,  and  not  consumed  in  quarters,  may  be  used  in  baking  the  soldier's 
bread;  and  at  any  post  where  (;oal  is  used  exclusively,  the  quartermaster  may,  upon 
the  request  of  the  post  commander,  provide,  as  part  of  the  fuel  allowance,  an  eqijiv- 
al(>nt  of  wood  in  lieu  of  coal  sufficient  for  the  post  bakery. 

1109.  Fuel  will  be  issued  only  in  the  month  when  due.  The  cheapest  fuel  at 
the  place  of  issue  will,  all  things  considered,  be  furnished. 


152 


ALLOWANCE    OF   QUARTERS,   ETC. 


1110.  The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  rooms,  the  quantity  of  fuel,  and 
the  allowance  of  cooking  and  heating  stoves  to  be  supplied  for  the  use  of  officers  and 
men  in  quarters  and  barracks: 


A  lieutenant-general  or  major-general 

A  brigadier-general  or  colonel 

A  lieutenant-colonel  or  major 

A  captain  or  chaplain 

A  lieutenant 

The  Commanding  General  of  the  Army 

The  commanding  officer  of  a  territoral  department. 

The  aids  to  tlje  commanding  officer  of  a  territorial 
department 

An  assistant  or  deputy  quartermaster-general,  an 
assistant  commissary-general  of  subsistence,  an 
assistant  surgeon-general,  the  assistant  and  deputy 
paymaster-general,  and  the  chief  quartermaster 
and  chief  commissary  at  the  headquarters  of  a 
territorial  department,  each 

The  commanding  officer  of  a  regiment  or  post,  a 
paymaster,  quartermaster,  assistant  quartermas- 
ter, commissary,  and  military  storekeeper,  each  .. 

Anassistantadjutant-general,  an  inspector-general, 
an  acting  inspector-general,  an  engineer,*  an  ord- 
nance officer,*  a  signal  officer,  a  judge-advocate 
or  an  acting  judge-advocate,  and  the  senior  medi- 
cal officer,  when  stationed  on  duty  at  any  place 
not  In  the  field,*  each 

An  acting  assistant  quartermaster,  an  acting  com- 
mis.sary  of  subsistence,  an  adjutant,  when  ap- 
proved by  the  Quartermaster-General,  each 

A  regimental,  squadron,  or  battalion,  sergeant- 
major,  quartermaster-sergeant,  color  sergeant,  ser- 
geant of  the  post  noncommissioned  staft",  hospital 
steward,  principal  musician,  signal  sergeant,t  en- 
listed men  of  the  signal  corps  when  employed  as 
signal  sergeants,  drum  major,  chief  trumpeter,! 
and  chief  musician,  each 

Superintendent  national  cemetery 

Each  noncommissioned  officer,  musician,  private, 
and  hospital  matron 

Each  necessary  fire  for  the  sick  in  hospital,  each 
dispensary  and  hospital  mess  room,  at  a  military 
poster  station,  to  be  regulated  by  the  surgeon  and 
commanding  officer,  not  exceeding 

For  general  hospitals,  when  necessary,  not  exceed- 
ing, for  each  bed 

Each  guard  fire,  to  be  regulated  by  the  command- 
ing officer,  not  exceeding 

Each  necessary  fire  for  military  courts  or  boards,  at 
a  rate  not  exceeding 

Storehouse  of  a  commissary  and  quartermaster, 
when  necessary,  not  exceeding  for  each 


Rooms. 


Increased 
Cords  jallowanced 
of  wood!  from  Sep- 


per 
month 


tember  to 
April,  both 
inclusive. 


be 


^.2 
•So; 


For 
quarters. 


For 
office. 


♦Except  at  Military  Academy. 


f  Except  when  serving  in  a  detachment. 


ALLOWAI^CE    OF    QUARTERS,   ETC. 


153 


Rooms. 

Cords 
of  wood 

per 
month. 

Increased 
allowance 
from  Sep- 
tember to 
April,  both 
inclusive. 

For 
quarters. 

For 
office. 

a* 

< 

1 

3 

< 

t 

o. 

-^ 
o 

T-i 

B 
g 

^  o 

11 

^? 

r 

§ 

"o 

o 
'A 

a 

w 

t 

pi 

g 

o 

s 

1 

3 

1 
1 

Each  employee  of  the  Qoartermaster's,  Subsistence, 
or  Medical  Department  to  whom  subsistence  in 
kind  is  issued  by  the  Government 

I's 

\ 

^\ 

i'h 

For  library,  reading  room,  schoolroom,  chapel,  and 
gymnasium,  1  heating  stove  for  each,  and  when 
the  garrison  exceeds  150  enlisted  men,  2  heating 
stoves,  and  such  quantity  of  fuel  for  the  same  as 
may  be  certified  to  as  necessary  by  the  officers  in 
charge  and  approved  by  the  commanding  officer. . 

For  a  company:  2  large  stoves  in  dormitory,  1  large 
stove  in  each  mess  room  and  day  room,  1  small 
stove  for  each  of  the  two  rooms  for  noncommis- 
sioned officers,  1  small  stove  for  the  library,  and  1 
cooking  stove  or  range  sufficient  to  cook  its  food. . 

Each  hospital  kitchen 

1 

For  each  authorized  room  as  quarters  for  civilian 
employees 

1 
1 

For  each  six  civilian  employees  to  whom  fuel  is  al- 
lowed   

For  mess  of  civilian  employees 

1 

For  telegraph  office 

1 

1 

For  each  blacksmith,  carpenter,  and  saddler  shop. . . 

1111.  Ill  addition  to  the  number  prescribed  in  the  table,  the  headquarters  of  a 
department  will  be  allowed  such  number  of  office  rooms  (not  more  than  eight)  as 
may  be  necessary  for  clerks  on  duty  thereat  (the  Quartermaster's  and  Subsistence 
Departments  excepted) ,  which  will  be  assigned  by  the  chief  quartermaster  under  the 
direction  of  the  department  commander.  A  heating  stove  for  each  room  not  other- 
wise heated  will  also  be  allowed.  Office  rooms  will  not  be  hired  without  the  written 
authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  no  lease  of  such  rooms  will  take  effect  until 
approved  by  him. 

1112.  The  officers  of  the  Quartermaster's  and  Subsistence  Departments  may, 
when  necessary,  be  allowed  additional  office  rooms,  with  a  heating  stove  for  each, 
not  to  exceed  three  in  the  former  and  two  in  the  latter  named  Department.  The 
number  of  additional  rooms  so  allowed  will  be  regulated  by  the  Quartermaster- 
General. 

1113.  Stoves  will  not  be  issued  to  officers  who  receive  commutation  of  quarters. 

1114.  A  regimental  squadron  or  battalion  sergeant-major,  a  sergeant-major,  sen- 
ior or  junior  grade,  and  electrician-sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Corps,  regimental 
quartermaster-sergeant,  regimental  conuhissary-sergeant,  color  sergeants,  sergeant  of 
the  post  noncommissioned  staff,  hospital  steward,  signal  sergeant,  drum-major,  chief 
trumpeter,  and  chief  musician  may  each  be  allowed  one  cooking  stove  in  lieu  of  jane 
heating  stove. 

1115.  If  at  a  military  post,  situated  between  the  thirty-sixth  and  forty-third 
degrees  of  latitude,  the  mean  temperature  for  twenty  days  of  any  calendar  month  is 
not  above  20°  F.,  an  increase  of  fuel  of  one-third  instead  of  one-fourth,  as  shown  in 
the  ta])le,  will  be  allowed.     If  the  temperature  is  not  above  10°  F.,  an  increase  of 


154  ILLUMINATING    SUPPLIES. 

one-half  will  be  allowed,  whatever  the  latitude  of  the  place.  The  certifieate  of  the 
post  surgeon  as  to  the  mean  tenijierature  and  the  order  of  the  i^ost  commander  for 
the  issue  will  be  filed  with  the  abstract  of  issues. 

ILLUMINATING    SUPPL''^. 

1116.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  provide  lamps,  lanterns,  mineral  oil, 
wicks,  and  lamj)  chimneys  for  the  various  military  posts  and  stations. 

1117.  Lamps  having  one  or  two  burners,  w^th  circular  wicks  of  about  IJ  inches 
inside  diameter,  will  be  issued  as  follows:  To  troops  in  barracks,  at  the  rate  of  one 
burner  for  every  ten  men  and  every  fraction  thereof,  when  the  fraction  is  five  or 
more,  of  the  maximum  strength  allowed  the  organization,  and  such  number  of  lamps 
or  lanterns  for  lighting  interior  passageways  as  may  be  necessary,  not  to  exceed  three 
in  each  barrack.  Companies  messing  separately  will  be  allowed  three  additional 
burners.  To  each  regimental,  battalion,  and  post  noncommissioned  staff  officer,  to 
each  noncommissioned  staff  officer  of  the  artillery  corps,  to  signal  sergeants  when 
not  serving  with  detachments,  and  to  each  first  sergeant,  a  lamp  with  a  single  burner. 
For  hospitals  such  number  of  burners,  not  to  exceed  one  for  each  ward  or  room,  as 
may  be  deemed  necessary  by  the  post  surgeon  and  post  commander.  The  lamps  with 
wicks  of  less  than  one  inch  diameter,  if  on  hand,  wdll  not  be  superseded  except  as 
they  become  unserviceable  and  are  beyond  repair.  Two  of  these  burners  will  be 
allowed  in  lieu  of  one  of  larger  size,  and  parts  for  their  repair  will  be  furnished  when 
called  for. 

111§.  For  the  guardhouse  and  the  authorized  offices  a  lamp  with  a  single  burner 
for  each  room;  for  post  reading  and  evening  school  rooms,  post  libraries,  and  chapels, 
such  number  of  burners,  not  exceeding  four  for  each  room,  as  may  be  certified  by 
the  post  commander  to  be  necessary. 

1119.  Four  burners  (four  lights)  will  be  allow'ed  to  each  company,  troop,  or 
battery  quartered  in  a  barrack  having  an  amusement  or  a  recreation  room  separate 
from  the  dormitories  and  rooms  for  which  light  is  now  authorized  by  the  Regulations. 
Four  burners  (four  lights)  will  be  allowed  to  bands  occupying  quarters  separate 
from  those«organizations  to  which  they  are  attached.  .     . 

1120.  For  outside  illuminations,  including  passageways  exterior  to  barracks 
which  for  the  proper  performance  of  garrison  duties  should  be  lighted,  such  number 
of  oil  lanterns  or  street  lamps  as  the  department  commander  shall,  in  writing, 
authorize  for  the  purpose,  will  be  supplied  on  properly  approved  requisitions.  A 
copy  of  the  authority  from  the  department  commander  will  be  filed  by  the  issuing 
officer  with  the  voucher  for  the  issue.  Oil,  wicks,  and  chimneys  will  be  issued  on 
requisitions  in  duplicate  designating  the  number  and  location  of  lamps  for  which 
required. 

1121.  Either  oil  or  candle  lanterns  may  be  used  in  stables,  at  the  discretion  of 
the  commanding  officer.  The  number  of  lanterns  in  each  stable  will  be  such  as  the 
commanding  officer,  with  the  approval  of  the  department  commander,  shall  require. 
If  candle  lanterns  are  used  the  candles  will  be  issued  by  the  Subsistence  Department 
in  such  quantity  as  the  commanding  officer  shall  order  a§  necessary.  If  oil  lanterns 
are  used  the  issue  of  oil,  wricks,  and  chimneys  therefor  will  be  made  in  the  manner 
prescribed  in  the  preceding  paragraphs. 

1122.  Mineral  oil  having  a  flash  point  not  lower  than  135°  F.  will  be  supplied 
for  lamps  and  oil  lanterns,  and  be  issued  in  quantities  as  follows:  For  lamps  used  for 
interior  illumination  at  the  rate,  per  burner,  of  four  ounces  avoirdui^ois  for  each  hour 
of  authorized  illumination  for  lamps  using  wicks  of  about  1^  inches  diameter,  and 
two  ounces  per  hour  for  lamps  with  smaller  wicks.  For  all  oil  lanterns  such  quanti- 
ties as  the  commanding  officer  shall  order  and  certify  as  necessary.  No  volatile  oils, 
except  those  authorized  and  supplied  by  the  supply  departments,  will  be  used  at 
military  posts  without  the  authority  of  the  commanding  general  of  the  department 
in  which  the  post  is  located. 


GAS    ANT)    ELECTRIC    LIGHT.  155 

1123.  The  hours  during  vviiich  lainpH  ami  oil  lantern.s  maybe  kept  lighted  at 
each  post  will  be  such  as  the  commanding  officer,  with  the  approval  of  the  depart- 
ment commander,  may  announce. 

1124.  A  gallon  of  mineral  oil  of  Army  standard  weighs  one  hundred  and  four 
ounces.  In  making  estimates  and  requisitions  calculations  will  be  made  at  the  rate 
of  one  gallon  of  oil  for  twenty-six  hours'  use  of  each  large  burner  and  fifty-two 
hours'  use  of  each  small  burner,  described  in  paragraph  1117. 

1125.  Officers  of  the  Army,  contract  and  dental  surgeons,  and  veterinarians 
may  buy  from  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  at  contract  prices,  such  moderate 
quantity  of  mineral  oil,  lamps,  wicks,  and  chimneys  as  they  may  need  in  the  rooms 
occupied  by  themselves  and  families.  This  privilege  is  limited  to  the  lamps,  oils, 
wicks,  and  chimneys  of  like  patterns,  kinds,  and  qualities  to  those  provided  for 
troops. 

1126.  Civilians  employed  with  the  Army  at  remote  posts  or  stations,  where  it  is 
impossible  to  procure  at  reasonable  rates  such  articles  of  clothing  and  other  quarter- 
master's supplies  (except  uniforms)  as  they  may  need  for  their  health  and  comfort, 
may  be  allowed  to  purchase  same  from  the  Quartermaster's  Department  in  limited 
quantities  for  their  own  use,  for  cash  at  cost  prices,  with  10  per  cent  added  to  cover 
transportation.  Such  sales  will,  however,  be  made  only  upon  the  written  approval 
of  the  commanding  officer  setting  forth  the  necessity  for  such  action,  this  authority 
to  be  filed  with  the  return  of  the  officer  making  such  sales. 

1127.  Only  one  requisition  for  each  month  will  be  made  by  company  or  detach- 
ment commanders  for  fuel,  forage,  straw,  mineral  oil,  wicking,  chimneys,  and  other 
illuminating  supplies  that  may  be  similarly  expended.  These  requisitions,  as 
approved  by  the  post  commander,  will  be  consolidated,  and  the  consolidated  requi- 
sition, in  duplicate,  furnished  the  quartermaster,  who  will  make  issues  thereon. 

112§.  Mineral  oil  issued  to  troops  is  public  property  for  their  use,  and  will  be 
treated  as  provided  in  paragraph  1108  for  fuel. 

GAS   AND   ELECTRICAL    ILLUMINATION. 

1129.  To  insure  economy  in  the  use  of  electric  current  and  of  gas  at  posts  where 
either  of  these  illuminants  is  employed,  ttie  commanding  officer  of  each  such  post 
will  issue,  with  the  approval  of  the  department  commander,  a  schedule  and  proper 
orders  limiting  the  number  of  lights  and  hours  during  which  they  may  be  used,  both 
for  exterior  lighting  and  the  interior  lights  of  barracks,  guardhouses,  storehouse."!, 
offices,  hospitals,  chapels,  libraries,  reading  rooms,  stables,  etc. 

The  number  of  such  lights  must  be  limited  to  smallest  number  for  proper  lighting 
and  the  period  of  authorized  burning  of  each  light  must  be  limited  to  the  necessities  in 
each  case.  One  schedule  of  lighting  will  be  prepared  to  cover  the  period  from  May  1 
to  August  31  and  another  for  period  from  September  1  to  April  30. 

1 1 30.  Each  noncommissioned  staff  officer  entitled  to  quarters  at  posts  where  gas  or 
electricity  is  installed  will  be  allowed  for  the  period  between  September  1  and  April  30 
1,500  cubic  feet  of  gas  or  20,000  watts  of  elet^tric  current  per  month,  and  from  May  1 
to  August  31  900  cubic  feet  of  gas  or  12,000  watts  electric  current  per  month.  Gaa  or 
electricity  in  excess  of  these  allowances  will  be  paid  for  at  the  end  of  each  month 
to  the  quartermaster  by  the  responsible  noncommissioned  staff  officer. 

At  posts  where  the  electric  current  is  furnished  from  Government  plant  the  charge 
for  the  excess  will  be  at  the  rate  of  10  cents  per  1,000  watts.  At  post«  where  gas  or 
iilectric  current  is  obtained  from  local  company  the  charge  for  the  excess  will  be  at 
contract  price. 

1131.  In  order  to  measure  the  amount  of  gas  or  electric  current  consumed,  each 
noncommissioned  staff  quarters  will  be  provided  with  proper  meter,  the  key  of  whicli 
will  be  kept  in  possession  of  the  quartermaster. 


156 


GA8    AND    ELEOTRIO    LIGHT STATIONERY. 


1132.  Each  officer's  quarters  will  be  likewise  i)rovided  with  a  meter  and  the 
occupants  of  the  same  will  be  required  to  pay  for  all  gas  or  electric  current  used  at 
rates  as  indicated  above. 

The  cost  of  installation  of  lights  and  fixtures  in  officers'  quarters,  as  in  other  public 
buildings  at  posts,  will  be  borne  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  but  after  said 
installation  all  expense  for  repairs,  new  lamps,  etc.,  in  officers'  quarters  will  be  borne 
by  occupants  of  said  quarters. 

1133.  Authority  is  granted  for  the  purchase  from  the  Quartermaster's  Depart- 
ment of  gas  or  electric  current,  at  rates  as  above  indicated,  for  use  in  post  exchanges 
and  other  buildings,  the  expense  of  lighting  which  is  not  payable  from  Government 
funds.  All  expense  for  replacing  burnt-out  lamps,  repairing  fixtures,  wiring,  etc.,  in 
such  buildings  will  be  borne  by  the  parties  interested. 

1134.  At  each  post  supplied  with  a  fortification  electric  plant  sufficiently  large 
foi*  supplying  necessary  current  for  lighting  buildings  and  grounds,  the  plant  may  be 
used  for  that  purpose  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  when  authorized  by  the 
Chief  of  Engineers,  provided  that  the  needs  of  defense  shall  have  precedence  over 
post  lighting  or  i)ower  supply  in  any  case  in  which  both  uses  are  simultaneously 
desired. 

For  this  purpose,  when  funds  that  are  applicable  can  be  spared,  the  Engineer 
Department  will  construct  necessary  conduits,  service  Moires,  etc.,  to  deliver  the  cur- 
rent to  the  various  buildings  and  to  exterior  lights,  and  the  Quartermaster's  Depart- 
ment will  wire  the  buildings,  furnish  meters  for  officers'  and  noncommissioned 
officers'  quarters,  exterior  lamps,  etc.,  and  will  in  addition  to  the  fuel,  material,  etc., 
required  to  be  furnished  by  it  to  all  fortification  electric  plants  under  the  provisions 
of  paragraph  385  of  these  Regulations,  supply  for  such  plants  as  may  be  used  for  post 
lighting  all  material  and  funds  necessary  for  their  repair  and  preservation. 

1135.  The  allowances  of  lamps  and  mineral  oil  are  prohibited  for  buildings  and 
grounds  where  gas  or  electric  light  is  installed. 

STATIONERY. 

1136.  Issues  of  stationery  are  made  quarterly,  in  quantities  as  follows: 


Commander  of  an  army,  army  corps,  division,  or 
department  (what  may  be  necessary  for  himself 
and  staff  for  their  public  duty). 

Commander  of  a  brigade  or  district,  for  himself  and 
staff 

Officer  commanding  a  regiment  or  post  of  not  less 
than  five  companies,  for  himself  and  staff 

Officer  commanding  a  post  of  more  than  two  and 
less  than  five  companies 

Commanding  officer  of  a  post  of  two  companies 

Commanding  officer  of  a  post  of  one  company  or  less, 
and  commanding  officer  of  a  company 

A  lieutenant-colonel  or  major,  not  in  command  of  a 
regiment  or  post 

Officers  of  the  Inspector-General's,  Judge- Advocate- 
Generals,  Pay,  and  Quartermaster's  departments 
(the  prescribed  blank  books  and  printed  forms,  and 
the  stationery  required  for  their  public  duty). 

All  officers,  including  chaplains,  not  enumerated 
above,  when  on  duty  and  not  supplied  by  their  re- 
spective departments 


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PURCHASE    OF   PUBLIC    ANIMALS.  157 

1137.  To  each  office  desk  or  table  is  allowed  one  inkstand,  one  paper  folder,  one 
ruler,  one  steel  eraser,  one  piece  of  India  rubber,  and  four  lead  pencils.  A  company 
commander  is  entitled  to  this  allowance.  Officers  when  relieved  will  transfer  office 
stationery  to  their  successors. 

1138.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  is  authorized  to  issue  yearly  to  retired 
officers,  upon  proper  requisition,  six  quires  of  writing  paper,  one  hundred  official 
envelopes,  fifty  letter  envelopes,  one  piece  of  office  tape,  and  one-half  quire  of 
envelope  paper. 

1139.  The  yearly  allowance  of  stationery  to  a  sergeant  of  the  post  noncommis 
sioned  staff  on  duty  at  a  post  not  garrisoned  by  troops  is  two  quires  of  writing  paper, 
letter  size,  four  sheets  of  blotting  paper,  one  hundred  envelopes,  official  size,  one 
dozen  steel  pens,  two  penholders,  one  pint  bottle  of  black  ink,  one  small  bottle  of 
mucilage  with  brush,  one  inkstand,  and  one  piece  of  office  tape. 

1140.  Necessary  stationery  for  courts  and  boards  will  be  furnished  on  requisition 
of  the  judge-advocate  or  recorder,  approved  by  the  presiding  officer. 

PURCHASE   OP   PUBLIC   ANIMALS. 

1141.  Purchase  of  horses  for  the  cavalry  and  artillery,  for  Indian  scouts,  and  for 
such  infantry  and  signal  detachments  as  may  be  mounted,  will  be  made  by  contract, 
after  competition  duly  invited  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  and  an  inspection 
by  such  department— all  under  the  direction  and  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

1142.  The  cavalry  horse  must  be  sound  and  well  bred;  gentle  under  the  saddle; 
free  from  vicious  habits;  with  free  and  prompt  action  at  the  walk,  trot,  and  gallop; 
without  blemish  or  defect;  of  a  kind  disposition;  with  easy  mouth  and  gait,  and 
otherwise  to  conform  to  the  following  description: 

A  gelding  of  uniform  and  hardy  color;  in  good  condition;  from  fifteen  and  one- 
fourth  to  sixteen  hands  high;  weight  not  less  than  950  nor  more  than  1,150  pounds; 
from  four  to  eight  years  old;  head  and  ears  small;  forehead  broad;  eyes  large  and 
prominent;  vision  perfect  in  every  respect;  shoulders  long  and  sloping  well  back; 
chest  full,  broad,  and  deep;  fore  legs  straight  and  standing  well  under;  barrel  large 
and  increasing  from  girth  toward  flank;  withers  elevated;  back  short  and  straight; 
loins  and  haunches  broad  and  muscular;  hocks  well  bent  and  under  the  horse;  pas- 
terns slanting  and  feet  small  and  sound. 

Each  horse  will  be  subjected  to  a  rigid  inspection,  and  any  animal  that  does  not 
meet  the  above  requirements  in  every  respect  must  be  rejected. 

A  horse  under  five  years  old  should  not  be  accepted  unless  a  specially  fine,  well- 
developed  animal. 

1143.  The  artillery  horse  is  required  for  quick  draft  purposes,  and  should  move 
the  carriage,  ordinarily,  by  weight  thrown  into  the  collar  rather  than  by  muscular 
exertion. 

The  animal  must  be  sound,  without  blemish  or  defect,  well  bred,  of  a  kind  dispo- 
sition, and  free  from  vicious  habits;  a  square  trotter,  well  broken  to  harness,  and 
gentle  under  the  saddle;  with  easy  mouth  and  gait,  and  with  free,  prompt  action  at 
the  walk,  trot,  and  gallop;  and  otherwise  to  conform  to  the  following  description: 

A  gelding  of  uniform  and  hardy  color;  in  good  condition;  from  fifteen  and  one- 
fourth  to  sixteen  hands  high;  weight  of  the  lead  horse  not  less  than  1,050  pounds, 
and  that  of  the  wheel  horse  not  more  than  1,200  pounds;  from  five  to  eight  years 
old;  head  and  ears  small;  forehead  broad;  eyes  large  and  prominent;  vision  perfect 
in  every  respect;  chest  full,  broad,  and  deep;  fore  legs  straight  and  standing  well 
under;  shoulders  sufficiently  broad  to  support  the  collar,  but  not  too  heavy;  barrel 
large  and  increasing  from  girth  toward  flank;  withers  elevated;  back  short  and 
straight;  with  broad,  deep  loins,  short  coupled  with  solid  hind  quarters;  hocks  well 
bent  and  under  the  horse;  pasterns  slanting  and  feet  sound  and  in  good  order. 


158  PUBLIC    ANIMALS VETERINARY   MEDICINES. 

Long-legged,  loose-jointed,  long-bodied,  and  narrow-chested  horses,  as  well  as  those 
which  are  restive,  vicious,  or  too  free  in  harness,  or  which  do  not,  upon  rigid  inspec- 
tion, meet  the  above  requirements  in  every  respect,  will  be  rejected. 

1144.  Mules  purchased  for  the  Army  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  should 
conform  to  the  following  conditions:  They  should  be  strong,  stout,  compact,  sound, 
and  kind;  they  should  be  free  from  defects  in  every  particular,  four  to  nine  years 
old,  850  to  1,200  pounds  in  weight,  fourteen  to  sixteen  hands  high,  and  suitable  in 
all  respects  for  the  transportation  service  of  the  Army.  If  for  draft  purposes,  they 
will  be  well  broken  to  harness;  pack  mules  need  not  be  broken,  and  may  be  not  less 
than  thirteen  and  a  half  hands  high,  if  otherwise  suitable. 

1145.  Public  animals  shall,  upon  the  day  received,  be  branded  with  the  letters 
"U.  S."  on  the  left  fore  shoulder.  Cavalry  and  artillery  horses,  assigned  to  organi- 
zations, will  also  be  branded  on  the  hoof  of  one  forefoot,  one  and  one-half  inches 
below  the  coronet,  with  the  designation  of  the  regiment  and  troop  or  battery. 
Branding  irons  will  be  supplied  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  of  uniform  size 
and  design.  Letters  "U.  S."  to  be  two  inches  in  height.  Letters  and  numbers  of 
hoof  brands  on  the  same  line,  to  be  three-fourths  of  an  inch  high,  the  letter  to  pre- 
cede the  number,  and  blocked  so  as  to  penetrate  the  hoof  one-sixteenth  of  an  inch. 

1146.  A  complete  descriptive  list  of  each  animal  will  be  made  at  the  time  of  pur- 
chase, and  will  accompany  him  wherever  he  may  be  transferred. 

1147.  A  descriptive  book  of  public  animals  will  be  kept  with  every  troop  of  cav- 
alry and  battery  of  field  artillery,  and  with  the  records  of  every  officer  responsible 
for  public  animals.  It  will  contain  a  description  of  every  animal  received  and  trans- 
ferred, showing  the  kind,  name,  age,  size,  color,  marks,  brands,  or  other  peculiari- 
ties of  each;  how  and  when  acquired  and  if  disposed  of  in  what  manner;  the  name 
of  its  rider  or  driver,  and  the  peculiar  use  to  which  applied. 

114§.  When  public  animals  are  issued  or  transferred,  the  person  in  charge  will 
be  provided  with  full  and  accurate  descriptive  lists,  which  he  will  deliver  to  the 
receiving  officer,  by  whom  they  will  be  entered  in  his  descriptive  book  of  public 
animals. 

1149.  Public  animals  will  be  assigned  to  their  riders  or  drivers,  who  will  not 
exchange  or  surrender  them  to  the  use  of  any  other  person  without  the  permission 
of  the  company  commander,  quartermaster,  or  other  officer  responsible. 

1 1 50.  Horses  and  mules  inspected  and  condemned  as  unfit  for  service  will  be 
advertised  for  sale  and  disposed  of  within  ten  days  from  date  of  advertisement. 

VETERINARY    MEDICINES. 

1151.  Veterinary  medicines,  instruments,  and  supplies  for  the  treatment  of  pub- 
lic animals  and  authorized  private  horses  of  mounted  officers  are  furnished  by  the 
Quartermaster' s  Department.  Estimates  will  be  prepared  on  the  regular  form  for  esti- 
mates for  quartermarter's  stores  and  in  conformity  with  the  standard  supply  table 
furnished  by  the  Quartermaster-General. 

1 152.  The  quartermaster  will  have  charge  of  veterinary  medicines  and  dressings, 
and,  under  the  direction  of  the  commanding  officer,  will  issue  and  expend  such  arti- 
cles and  in  such  quantities  as  may  be  necessary.  A  special  requisition  for  articles 
not  in  the  table,  with  an  explanation  of  the  nature  of  the  emergency  or  case  render- 
ing it  necessary,  will  be  forwarded,  through  the  regular  channel,  for  the  action  of 
the  Quartermaster-General. 

1153.  Veterinary  instruments  and  books  will  remain  in  the  custody  of  the 
quartermaster,  and  will  be  loaned  as  needed  in  the  public  service. 


FORAGE    AND    STRAW.  159 

FOKAGE   AND   STKAW. 

■  1154.  Tlie  forago  ration  for  a  horse  is  fourteen  poun<ls  of  liay  an<l  twelve  pounds 
of  oats,  corn,  or  Imrk^y;  for  a  mule,  fourteen  pounds  of  hay  and  nine  pounds  of  oats, 
corn,  or  barley.  Department  commanders  will  reduce  the  forage  ration  when 
necessary. 

1155.  Where  grazing  is  practicable,  or  when  little  labor  is  required,  commanding 
officers  will  order  a  judicious  reduction  of  the  forage  ration. 

1156.  Forage  will  be  issued  only  during  the  month  when  due. 

1157.  Forage  is  furnished  only  to  officers  for  the  horses  owned  and  actually  kept 
by  them  in  the  performance  of  their  official  duties  when  serving  with  troops  in  the 
field  or  at  military  posts  and  stations,  and  for  the  following  number:  To  a  lieutenant- 
general,  four;  to  a  major-general  or  a  brigadier-general,  three;  to  a  colonel,  lieutenant- 
colonel,  major,  captain,  or  lieutenant,  mounted,  and  regimental  adjutant  and  quar- 
termaster, each  two. 

115§.  Mounted  officers  will  not  use  public  horses  and  at  the  same  time  draw 
forage  for  those  they  own;  nor  will  they  use  public  animals  except  as  authorized  by 
regulations.  Should  circumstances  render  it  necessary,  an  officer  may  be  temporarily 
furnished  public  horses,  but  during  such  period  he  will  not  be  permitted  to  draw 
forage  for  a  private  horse. 

1159.  An  officer  not  mounted  may  purchase  forage  for  two  horses  kept  for  his 
own  use,  for  which  he  will  be  charged  cost,  including  transportation.  The  sale  of 
forage  to  mounted  officers  is  forbidden. 

1160.  An  officer  shall  not  sell,  nor  allow  to  be  sold,  the  forage  issued  for  his  own 
horses  or  the  public  animals  under  his  charge;  nor  shall  he  use  or  dispose  of,  or  per- 
mit to  be  used  or  disposed  of,  such  forage,  or  any  portion  thereof,  except  for  the 
purpose  for  w^hich  it  was  issued.  Forage  issued  for  a  particular  period  and  uncon- 
sumed  during  the  period  will  be  taken  up  and  properly  accounted  for.  The  com- 
manding officer  will  compare  the  requisitions  with  the  quartermaster's  abstracts  of 
issues  and  sales  of  forage,  and  if  correct  so  certify  on  the  abstract. 

1161.  When  mattresses  are  not  supplied,  each  enlisted  man  in  barracks  and  each 
prisoner  in  the  guardhouse  wdll  be  allowed  a  bed  sack  and  thirty  pounds  of  straw 
per  month  for  bedding,  and  men  in  field  hospitals  such  quantity  as  the  chief  medical 
officer  shall  certify  as  necessary.  So  far  as  practicable,  iron  bunks  will  be  furnished 
to  all  prisoners  in  post  guardhouses  and  prison  rooms. 

1162.  One  hundred  pounds  of  straw  j^er  month  is  allowed  for  l)edding  to  each 
horse  or  nmle  in  public  service.  At  posts  where  straw  is  not  furnished  hay  will  be 
issued  and  used  for  bedding. 

CARE   AND    ACCOUNTABILITY    FOR   PROPERTY. 

1163.  Unless  otherwise  specially  directed  by  the  Secretary  of  War  there  will  l)e 
at  each  military  post  or  station  but  one  accountable  officer  in  the  Quartermaster's 
Department,  and  he  will  account  for  all  quartermaster's  supplies  there  in  use  or  in 
store. 

1 164.  When  troops  are  assembled  for  field  service,  there  will  be  but  one  accoupt- 
a})le  officer  in  the  Quartermaster's  Department  for  ea<-h  regiment,  separate  battalion, 
or  squadron,  and  he  will  account  for  all  quartermaster's  supplies  in  the  possession  of 
the  command  of  which  he  is  quartermaster. 

1165.  At  places  requiring  the  services  of  more  than  one  quartennaster  each  one 
charged  with  the  care  and  disposition  of  quartermaster's  supplies  will  account  for 
the  same. 

1166.  Officers  commanding  companies  or  detachments  will  be  furnished  by  the 
quartermaster,  on  approved  requisition,  with  the  necessary  authorized  qiiartermas- 


160  FORAGE    AND    STRAW. 

ter's  HupplieH;  and  for  all  such,  except  those  that  may  he  properly  dropped  as 
expended,  said  commanding  officers  will  give  menKjranduin  receipts  to  the  accomit- 
ahle  officer,  who  will  continue  to  bear  said  supplies  on  his  return  until  they  have 
been  transferred  or  expended  and  duly  accoimted  for  as  required  by  regulations. 

1167.  Officers  commanding  companies  or  detachments  temporarily  absent  from 
posts  will  continue  responsible  to  quartermasters  from  whom  supplies  have  been 
procured  on  memorandum  receipts.  Should  the  services  of  a  quartermaster  become 
necessary,  one  will  be  appointed  for  the  command. 

116§.  When  troops  change  station,  only  such  quartermaster's  supplies  as  are 
authorized,  or  as  may  be  directed  to  be  transferred,  will  be  removed  from  the  sta- 
tion. Company  and  detachment  commanders,  prior  to  departure  from  a  station,  will 
have  a  settlement  with  the  quartermaster  for  supplies  held  on  memorandum  receipt. 
For  such  supplies  as  must  accompany  troops,  company  and  detachment  commanders 
will  give  certificates  to  the  quartermaster.  Memorandum  receipts  that  have  been 
thus  satisfied  will  be  returned  to  the  respective  company  and  detachment  command- 
ers. The  quartermaster  will  forward  the  certificates,  accompanied  by  the  requisite 
papers  for  transferring  the  accountability,  to  the  quartermaster  at  the  destination  of 
the  troops.  The  commanders  of  incoming  organi;5ations  upon  arrival  will  report 
the  supplies  In  their  custody  and  give  memorandum  receipts  therefor  to  the  quarter- 
master, who  will  then  return  to  the  respective  commanders  their  certificates. 

1169.  Certificates  given  for  supplies  accompanying  troops  and  memorandum 
receipts  given  by  officers  for  supplies  issued  or  loaned  for  their  individual  use,  or  for 
use  of  the  organizations  under  their  command,  will  be  made  in  the  prescribed  form, 
and  should  any  officer,  when  called  upon  by  proper  authority  to  produce  any  of  the 
supplies  enumerated  therein,  fail  to  do  so,  or  to  furnish  proper  evidence  that  deficient 
or  damaged  supplies  have  been  accounted  for  as  required  by  regulations,  the  name 
of  the  officer  delinquent  will  be  reported  to  the  Secretary  of  War  by  the  Quarter- 
master-General, and  said  officer's  pay  to  the  extent  of  the  deficiency  or  damage  will 
be  stopped,  in  conformity  with  paragraj)hs  783  and  784.  The  accountable  officer  may 
drop  from  his  return  the  articles  deficient,  forwarding  the  memorandum  receipt  or 
certificate  as  a  voucher  therefor. 

1 1 70.  A  forage  master  or  wagon  master  shall  not  be  concerned,  directly  or  indi- 
rectly, in  any  means  of  transport  employed  by  the  United  States,  or  in  the  purchase 
or  sale  of  any  property  procured  for  or  belonging  to  the  United  States,  except  as 
agent  for  the  Government. 

1171.  Deliveries  under  contract  will  be  made  monthly  when  practicable.  Offi- 
cers responsible  for  stores  will  take  the  necessary  precautions  to  prevent  loss  or 
damage. 

1172.  Grain,  hay,  straw,  and  coal  when  received  will  be  carefully  weighed. 
Wood  will  be  carefully  piled  and  measured. 

1173.  Short  forage  should  be  contracted  for  by  the  hundred  pounds,  but  when  a 
contract  for  grain  is  made  by  the  bushel  the  number  of  pounds  per  bushel  will  be 
specified  in  the  contract. 

1174.  Every  officer  accountable  for  fuel,  forage,  and  straw,  at  the  end  of  each 
quarter  and  also  when  transferring  to  a  successor,  will  verify  by  actual  weight  or 
measurement  the  quantities  on  hand.  In  case  of  transfer  the  verification  will  be 
made  in  the  presence  of  the  receiving  officer. 

1175.  The  quantities  of  fuel,  forage,  and  straw  on  hand  will  be  certified  to  by  the 
officer  accountable,  and  his  certificate  to  that  effect  will  be  attached  to  his  property 
return. 

1 1 76.  The  commanding  officer  of  the  post  will  see  that  the  verification  required 
by  paragraph  1174  is  made,  and  at  the  end  of  each  quarter  he  will  send  to  depart- 


HORSES    OF    MOUNTED    OFFICERS.  161 

ment  headquarters,  or  if  serving  at  an  arsenal  or  an  independent  post  or  depot,  to  the 
Quartermaster-General,  a  certificate  stating  that  the  verification  has  been  made,  and 
that,  in  his  opinion,  the  quantities  actually  on  hand,  as  determined  by  such  verifica- 
tion and  certified  to  by  the  accountable  officer,  are  correctly  reported.  The  certifi- 
cate will  be  made  in  duplicate  and  one  will  be  filed  with  the  post  records.  In  case 
excess  be  found,  it  will  be  taken  up  on  the  return  for  the  quarter.  In  case  of  defi- 
ciency, a  board  of  survey  will  be  called  to  make  a  full  investigation  and  will  report 
the  facts,  with  its  conclusions  as  to  the  cause  of  deficiency  and  responsibility 
therefor. 

11T7.  Every  officer  accountable  for  quartermaster's  supplies  will  keep  himself 
accurately  informed,  by  personal  examination,  of  the  quantities  and  condition  of  the 
property  on  hand,  and  will  be  held  strictly  responsible  that  they  are  correctly 
reported  on  his  returns.  The  commanding  officer  will  see  that  a  complete,  detailed, 
and  accurate  inventory  of  such  property,  except  that  held  on  memorandum  receipts, 
is  taken  by  the  accountable  oflftcer  in  person  at  least  once  each  year,  and  as  much 
oftener  as  he  may  deem  necessary  for  the  interests  of  the  Government.  At  each 
transfer  of  such  property  both  the  invoicing  and  receipting  oflScer  will  attend  in  per- 
son, and  each  will  satisfy  himself,  by  personal  count  and  examination,  that  all  prop- 
erty invoiced  is  on  hand  and  in  condition  as  stated  in  the  invoices.  When  loss, 
damage,  or  deficiency  is  discovered  upon  taking  any  of  these  inventories,  a-  board  of 
survey  will  be  called  at  once  to  investigate  and  ascertain  the  cause  thereof,  which  it 
will  report  with  its  conclusions  as  to  the  responsibility  for  the  same. 

HORSES   OP    MOUNTED    OFFICERS. 

1178.  In  the  field,  at  posts,  or  in  active  service,  sales  of  horses  held  in  the 
Quartermaster's  Department  for  issue,  sale,  or  keeping  may  be  made  to  mounted 
officers,  with  the  approval  of  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army,  or  on  the 
authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War.  Horses  belonging  to  troops  of  cavalry  and  to 
batteries  of  artillery  will  not  be  sold  nor  turned  in  to  the  Quartermaster's  Depart- 
ment unless  previously  inspected  and  condemned  as  unserviceable.  The  price  to  be 
paid  for  a  horse  purchased  by  an  officer  will  be  its  cost  to  the  Government.  Pur- 
chase and  payment  will  be  completed  within  thirty  days  from  the  date  of  receipt  of 
authority  for  the  sale,  and  the  purchase  money  at  once  deposited  to  the  credit  of  the 
current  appropriation.     Horses  thus  sold  will  not  be  exchanged  or  returned. 

1 1 79.  The  use  of  public  horses  by  officers  receiving  mounted  pay  will  be  regu- 
lated by  department  commanders  in  conformity  with  the  necessities  of  the  public 
service.  Unless  specially  excepted  by  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army,  all 
mounted  officers  will  be  required  to  keep  the  private  horses  necessary  for  the  efficient 
performance  of  their  duties. 

1180.  While  serving  with  a  light  or  mounted  battery  a  captain  or  lieutenant  of 
artillery  will  be  allowed  to  use  a  battery  horse. 

1181.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  provide  and  issue  horse  and  mule 
shoes,  nails,  smith's  tools,  and  materials  required  for  the  service,  except  the  smith's 
tools  of  the  battery  wagons  and  forges  of  light  batteries.  The  horses  of  a  troop  of 
cavalry  or  light  battery  will  be  shod  by  its  farrier  or  blacksmith. 

1182.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  transport,  for  officers  changing  sta- 
tion, the  number  of  horses  for  which  they  are  legally  entitled  to  forage,  and  an 
attendant  to  accompany  the  horses  when  necessary,  subject  to  the  following 
restrictions: 

1.  That  the  expense  paid  by  the  United  States  shall  not  exceed  $100  for  each 
horse  transported.  The  cost  of  such  shipment  will  be  ascertained  in  advance,  and 
if  found  to  exceed  $100  for  each  horse,  including  transportation  of  attendant,  if  any 

22778—03 11 


162  TRANSPOETATION. 

the  excess  must  be  prepaid  by  the  owner,  who  must  also  pay  all  the  expenses  of  the 
attendant  other  than  his  transportation. 

2.  That  the  horses  are  owned  by  the  officer  and  were  used  by  him  in  the  public 
service  at  the  station  from  which  he  is  ordered  to  move,  and  are  intended  to  be  so 
used  by  him  at  his  new  station. 

3.  The  horses  of  retired  officers  or  officers  ordered  to  their  homes  to  await  retire- 
ment, or  officers  ordered  on  recruiting  service  or  college  detail,  or  to  effect  a  volun- 
tary transfer,  or  to  attend  schools  of  instruction  as  student  officers,  except  when 
ordered  to  duty  as  students  at  the  United  States  Infantry  and  Cavalry  School,  Fort 
Leavenworth,  Kans.,  will  not  be  transported  at  public  expense. 

TRANSPORTATION. 

General  Provisions. 

1183.  For  wagon  and  pack  transportation  mules  will  generally  be  employed,  and 
horses  may  be  used  for  saddle  purposes  by  wagon  masters,  messengers,  expressmen, 
and  employees  or  enlisted  men  pursuing  kindred  occupations  which  require  them  to 
be  mounted.  For  draft  purposes,  except  at  depots  or  posts  in  or  near  large  cities 
where  little  transportation  is  needed,  horses  will  not  be  used  unless  specially  author- 
ized by  the  War  Department. 

11  §4.  The  allotment  of  draft  and  pack  animals  to  each  military  department  will 
be  made  by  the  Quartermaster-General  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

11  §5.  The  transportation  of  supplies  from  place  of  purchase  or  from  supply 
depots  to  military  posts,  or  from  one  post  to  another,  will  be  provided  under  contract 
made  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  except  when  the  means  of  transportation 
authorized  in  paragraph  1184  is  available. 

1186.  In  providing  transportation  for  persons  and  property,  the  shortest  prac 
ticable  route  will,  as  a  rule,  be  adopted,  although  a  longer  one  may  be  used  to  secure 
lower  rates  when  time  will  permit.  When  competing  routes  furnish  equal  facilities, 
advantages,  and  rates,  each  will  be  given  a  share  of  employment. 

1187.  The  allowance  of  spring  wagons,  exclusive  of  the  prescribed  ambulance 
for  the  sick,  is  fixed  at  one  to  each  post,  except  when  otherwise  authorized  by  the 
War  Department.  All  four-wheeled  passenger  wagons  (except  ambulances)  having 
springs  under  the  body  shall  be  considered  spring  wagons. 

1188.  Spring  wagons  will  be  used  only  by  direction  of  commanding  officers  and 
for  the  purpose  for  which  they  are  supplied,  viz,  for  the  transportation  of  officers  and 
enlisted  men  traveling  on  duty  when  other  means  are  not  available. 

1189.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  provide  the  necessary  ambulances 
for  transporting  the  sick  and  wounded  upon  the  requisition  of  the  proper  medical 
officer. 

1190.  All  means  of  public  transportation  at  a  post  will  be  accounted  for  by  the 
quartermaster,  and  will  be  under  his  charge  except  as  provided  in  paragraph  1610. 
Post  commanders  will  cause  cavalry  troops  and  field  batteries  to  be  provided  daily 
with  the  proper  facilities  for  policing  stables  and  hauling  forage. 

1191.  Commanding  officers  will  give  timely  notice  to  the  proper  officers  of  the 
Quartermaster's  Department  of  all  contemplated  movements  of  troops  and  supplies, 
that  proper  and  sufficient  transportation  may  be  in  readiness. 

1192.  The  duty  of  furnishing  transportation  at  any  post,  station,  or  depot  will  be 
intrusted  to  one  officer  of  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  on  whom  requisitions 
wiU  be  made  therefor, 


THE    ARMY    TRANSPORT    SERVICE.  163 

THE    ARMY   TRANSPORT   SERVICE. 

1193.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  of  the  Army  is  charged  with  the  trans- 
portation of  troops  and  supplies  between  the  United  States  and  such  over-sea  garrisons 
and  mihtary  commands  as  shall  be  authorized  Those  officers  and  employees  who 
are  detailed  to  carry  out  the  work  constitute  the  Army  Transport  Service.  All  neces- 
sary expenses  incident  to  that  service  will  be  paid  from  the  appropriations  made  for 
the  support  of  the  Army.  The  Army  Transport  Service  is  governed  bv  special  regu- 
lations promulgated  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

1194.  The  organization  and  conduct  of  the  Army  Transport  Service  will  be 
assimilated  as  nearly  as  practicable  to  the  most  improved  methods  of  administration 
of  a  chartered  steamship  business,  subject  to  such  modifications  as  shall  better 
adapt  it  to  governmental  purposes  and  the  general  requirements  of  military 
administration. 

1 195.  The  Army  Transport  Service  will  have  full  charge  of  and  responsibility  for 
the  berthing  and  subsisting  of  all  authorized  persons  on  board,  and  will  supply  every- 
thing necessary  for  that  purpose.  The  saloon,  cabin,  and  other  supplies  and  equip- 
ment for  the  several  classes  of  persons  transported  will  be  of  the  best  quality  and 
such  as  are  provided  in  passenger  steamers  of  standard  class. 

1196.  Subject  to  the  supervision  of  the  Quartermaster-General,  the  Army  Trans- 
port Service  will  be  conducted  by  its  own  officers  and  employees,  especially  selected 
or  appointed,  and  under  its  own  regulations,  and  be  made,  as  far  as  practicable,  inde- 
pendent of  the  administration  of  other  branches  of  army  transportation,  but  such 
matters  as  relate  to  the  subsistence  and  medical  departments  will  be  under  the  super- 
vision of  the  chiefs  of  those  bureaus. 

1197.  To  each  transport  shall  be  assigned,  when  required  by  the  nature  of  the 
service,  a  transport  quartermaster,  who  shall  be  an  officer  of  the  Quartermaster's 
Department,  selected  or  appointed  with  special  reference  to  the  needs  of  the  trans- 
port service  pnd  under  the  direction  of  the  general  superintendent,  to  act  as  quarter- 
master, suoercargo,  and  disbursing  officer  of  the  ship. 

119§.  The  transport  quartermaster  will  be  the  representative  on  board  ship  of 
the  general  superintendent,  and  all  orders  for  the  ship  will  be  given  to  and  through 
him.  He  will  have  the  general  direction  of  the  movements  of  the  ship  and  be  in 
general  charge  of  its  business  and  responsible  for  the  proper  care  and  disposition  of 
the  passengers  and  freights  until  delivered  at  destination,  leaving,  however,  the 
master  and  chief  engineer  of  the  ship  to  exercise  full  and  unquestioned  control  and 
authority  over  all  matters  within  their  technical  purview,  and  for  which  they  are 
professionally  responsible,  as  the  immediate  heads  of  the  deck  and  engine  depart- 
ments. Any  orders  to  be  given  by  the  transport  quartermaster  touching  the  deck  or 
engine  departments  will  be  made  to  or  through  the  master. 

1 199.  Upon  the  arrival  of  an  army  transport  at  a  foreign  port  the  transport  quar- 
termaster will  call  in  person  at  the  United  States  legation  or  consulate  and  report  the 
arrival  of  his  ship  in  port. 

1200.  The  register  of  passengers  on  the  army  trans'^orts  shall  show,  in  case  of 
every  name  thereon,  the  address  (giving  street  and  number)  of  the  relative  whom  it 
is  desired  shall  be  informed  in  the  event  of  death. 

In  each  case  of  death  occurring  on  the  transport  among  the  registered  passengers — 
i.  e.,  officers  and  enlisted  men  not  belonging  to  distinct  commands  on  board,  as  well 
as  civilians  and  employees — the  transport  quartermaster  will  secure  the  effects  and 
prepare  a  letter  to  the  nearest  relative  setting  forth  the  name,  rank,  company,  regi- 
ment, employment  or  condition  of  the  deceased,  place,  cause,  day  and  hour  of  death, 
disposition  made  of  remains  and  effects  and  list  of  the  latter,  and  mail  the  communi- 
cation at  the  earliest  opportunity  to  its  address.     Such  notification  of  death  in  the 


164  TEANSPOETATION    OF    PERSONS. 

case  of  an  officer,  enlisted  man,  or  civilian  employee  of  the  Army  shall  include  also 
the  information  that,  if  it  be  desired,  the  remains  will  be  shipped  home  at  Govern- 
ment expense,  upon  application  therefor  by  the  nearest  relative  addressed  to  the 
Quartermaster-General,  United  States  Army,  Washington,  D.  C. ;  but  if  not  applied 
for  within  six  weeks  after  arrival  at  port  in  the  United  States,  the  remains  will  be 
buried  in  a  national  cemetery  and  thereafter  will  not  be  disinterred  and  shipped  home 
at  public  expense;  also  that  inquiries  concerning  the  pay  and  effects  of  deceased 
officers  and  soldiers  should  be  addressed  to  the  Adjutant-General,  United  States 
Army,  Washington,  D.  C. 

TRANSPORTATION   OF   PERSONS. 

1201.  When  troops  are  moved,  suitable  transportation  will  be  provided;  proper 
orders  and  an  exact  return  of  the  command  will  be  furnished  to  the  quartermaster 
who  is  to  provide  the  same. 

1202.  On  transports,  cabin  passage  will  be  furnished  officers  and  reasonable  and 
proper  accommodations  for  troops.  When  practicable  a  separate  apartment  will  be 
provided  for  the  sick. 

1203.  A  person  requiring  transportation  will  exhibit  an  order  from  competent 
authority,  and  the  quartermaster  who  furnishes  it  will  make  and  file  a  certified  copy 
of  the  same.  The  quartermaster  will  indorse  on  the  original  order,  over  his  signa- 
ture, the  fact  that  transportation  has  been  provided,  its  kind,  the  places  from  and  to 
which  it  has  been  furnished,  and  the  number  of  pounds  of  extra  baggage  transported, 
if  any.  The  original  order  will  be  retained  by  the  person  who  receives  the  trans- 
portation, and  in  case  of  a  soldier  entitled  to  commutation  of  rations  while  traveling, 
will  be  disposed  of  as  directed  in  paragraph  1418.  When  a  quartermaster  furnishes 
transportation,  under  the  provisions  of  paragraph  121,  to  a  soldier  on  furlough,  he  will 
report  the  actual  or  probable  cost  thereof  to  the  company  commander  and  will  enter 
on  the  furlough  a  statement  that  the  transportation  has  been  furnished.  The  officer 
paying  the  account  will  notify  the  company  commander  of  the  actual  amount  paid 
and  the  date  of  payment. 

1204.  When  transportation  is  furnished  for  the  entire  journey,  the  route,  if  not 
designated  in  the  order,  will  be  determined  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  in 
accordance  with  existing  rules. 

1205.  A  quartermaster  who  provides  the  transportation  for  troops  will  notify,  by 
mail  or  telegraph,  the  quartermasters  at  places  where  changes  of  route  are  to  be  made, 
or  means  of  transportation  are  to  be  changed,  of  the  day  on  which  the  troops  will 
start,  their  route,  destination,  the  number  of  officers,  enlisted  men  and  animals,  and 
the  quantity  of  public  property  and  baggage  for  which  transportation  will  be  required. 

1 206.  The  quartermaster  who  provides  the  transportation,  or  a  duly  authorized 
representative,  will  be  present  at  the  embarkation  of  the  troops,  and  will  see  that  the 
accommodations  contracted  for  have  been  provided.  A  similar  course  will  be  pur- 
sued where  practicable  at  places  where  changes  of  route  or  important  connections  are 
to  be  made.  If  delay  is  necessary  in  either  case,  in  order  to  complete  the  arrange- 
ments for  transportation,  the  commanding  officer  of  the  troops  will  be  duly  notified. 

1207.  The  Quartermaster's  Department,  when  called  upon  to  do  so  by  recruiting 
officers,  will  furnish  transportation  from  place  to  place,  for  the  purpose  of  examining 
recruits,  to  civilian  physicians  not  under  contract  but  employed  under  verbal  agree- 
ment for  the  examination  of  recruits,  pursuant  to  paragraph  940  of  the  Regulations. 
The  cost  of  such  transportation  will  be  a  charge  against  the  appropriation  for  ''Trans- 
portation of  the  Army  and  its  supplies." 


TRANSPORTATION  REQUESTS.  165 

TRANSPORTATION    REQUESTS. 

120§.  A  request  for  transportation  issued  by  a  (juartermaster  should  set  forth 
date  and  place  of  issue;  time  for  which  it  will  be  valid;  name  of  company  required  to 
furnish  transportation;  name  of  the  person,  or  of  the  one  in  charge  of  the  party  to  be 
transported,  with  number  thereof;  pounds  of  extra  baggage,  if  any;  organization  to 
which  the  person  belongs,  if  an  officer  or  enlisted  man;  the  places  of  original  depar- 
ture and  ultimate  destination,  with  the  initial  letters  of  each  road  or  line  to  be  used 
on  the  journey. 

1209.  The  officer  furnishing  the  request  will  indorse  thereon  the  authority  for 
its  issue,  the  number,  date,  and  place  of  issue  of  the  order  for  transportation,  and  the 
nature  of  the  journey  or  purpose  for  which  it  is  to  be  performed,  as  follows:  ' '  Chang- 
ing station;"  ''Deserters"  (giving  name,  rank,  company,  and  regiment);  ''Return- 
ing from  furlough,  proper  officer  notified;"  "On  detached  service"  (the  nature  of 
the  service  to  be  stated);  "  Discharged  soldiers  en  route  home  (or  en  route  to  pay- 
master), indorsed  on  final  statement;"  "Insane  soldier  with  escort  to  insane 
asylum;"  "  Guard  and  prisoners;"  "En  route  to  or  returning  from  civil  court  under 
orders  without  summons;"  "Clerk  (or  agent)  of  the  Quartermaster's  Department;" 
and  cause  for  travel,  etc.;  and  if  the  request  is  issued  by  virtue  of  any  contract  that 
fact  will  be  stated  and  the  contract  designated. 

1210.  The  space  on  the  request  reserved  for  "Remarks"  is  intended  for  any 
extraordinary  notice,  as,  for  example,  when  special  rates  shall  govern,  or  when  lim- 
ited or  unlimited  tickets  shall  issue  in  cases  where  two  or  more  classes  of  tickets  are 
on  sale,  differing  in  cost  or  in  time  during  which  they  can  be  used.  Where  through 
j-ates  exist,  notation  should  be  made  upon  each  of  a  series  of  separate  requests,  involv- 
ing continuous  travel  over  two  or  more  roads,  to  the  effei^t  that  settlement  will  be 
made  on  the  basis  of  the  division,  among  the  roads  interested,  of  the  through  lim- 
ited rate  for  the  entire  journey.  All  officers  charged  with  the  duty  of  providing 
transportation  will  inform  themselves  upon  these  points,  and  will  avail  themselves 
of  all  opportunities  of  securing  acceptable  transportation  at  the  lowest  prevailing 
prices.  The  accommodations  afforded  by  tourist  sleeping  cars,  colonist  or  emigrant 
sleepers  (a  seat  by  day  and  a  berth  by  night  for  each  soldier),  will  be  furnished 
whenever  practicable,  provided  the  cost  of  such  accommodations,  in  addition  to  the 
travel  fare  imposed,  does  not  exceed  the  cost  of  through  limited  first-class  tickets 
between  the  points  involved.  As  a  rule,  such  accommodations  should  be  procured  at 
the  cost  of  second-class  fare  with  the  price  of  seat  or  berth,  or  both,  added;  and  in 
forwarding  detachments  even  lower  rates  may  be  secured.  Disbursing  quartermas- 
ters will  report  to  the  Quartermaster-General  all  cases  of  neglect  or  error  on  the  part 
of  officers  issuing  transportation  requests  which  result  in  a  waste  of  public  money. 

1211.  Requests  should  be  properly  receipted  by  the  party  named  therein,  and 
tickets  procured  before  commencing  the  journey,  as  conductors  are  not  authorized 
to  accept  transportation  requests.  If  more  than  one  person  is  to  be  transported,  the 
officer  or  person  in  charge  of  the  party,  in  filling  the  receipt,  will  state  the  number 
of  the  persons  and  pounds  of  extra  baggage  carried,  and  the  class  and  description  of 
transportation  furnished.  In  no  case  will  a  receipt  be  given  for  transportation  of 
more  persons  or  extra  baggage  than  the  request  calls  for. 

1212.  The  blank  receipt  at  the  bottom  of  the  request,  will  be  filled  in  ink,  and  if 
the  person  receipting  can  not  write  his  name  he  will  make  his  mark,  which  will  be 
witnessed.  Names  and  places  will  be  written  in  full.  If  tlie  transportation  is  fur- 
nished by  other  than  passenger  train  or  in  other  than  passenger  cars  the  fact  will  be 
stated  in  the  receipt. 

121*3.  Ofllicers  will  take  advantage  of  any  existing  through  rates,  either  for  the 
whole  or  part  of  the  journey.     When  transportation  is  required  over  several  roads 


166  TRANSPOKTATTON  REQUESTS. 

by  which  arrangements  have  been  made  for  through  transportation  upon  single 
tickets,  a  single  request,  addressed  to  the  initial  road,  will  be  issued  (except  as  pro- 
vided in  paragraph  1216) ,  upon  which  tickets  should  be  procured  by  the  officer  issu- 
ing it  or  by  the  party  to  be  transported. 

1214.  If  transportation  is  required  over  a  line  of  roads,  one  or  more  of  which  are 
land  grant  and  subject  to  deduction  of  rates,  and  a  single  request  is  issued  therefor, 
the  name  of  the  road,  the  fact  that  it  is  land  grant  and  subject  to  deduction,  also  the 
per  centum  of  deduction,  will  be  stated  in  the  request,  and  in  settlement  for  the 
servic;e  the  deduction  on  account  of  land  grant  will  be  made. 

1215.  If  arrangements  have  been  made  for  transportation  for  a  part  of  the  distance 
at  less  than  the  regular  through  rate,  the  rate  for  that  part  will  be  stated  in  the 
request. 

1216.  When  transportation  is  required  over  a  land-grant  road,  a  separate  request 
may  be  issued  therefor  if  the  road  desires  it,  provided  the  railroad  company  agrees 
that  such  action  will  not  commit  the  United  States  to  the  payment  of  local  rates  for 
through  transportation.  Separate  requests  must  be  issued  in  all  cases  where  trans- 
portation is  required  over  a  bond-aided  road. 

1217.  Duplicate  requests  for  transportation  will  not  be  issued,  nor  will  a  request 
be  issued  after  the  transportation  service  has  been  performed. 

121§.  No  portion  of  a  request  above  the  signature  of  the  issuing  officer  will  be 
changed  in  any  particular.  If  explanations  are  required,  they  will  be  made  on  the 
back  of  the  request. 

1219.  All  unused  tickets  or  parts  of  tickets  procured  on  a  transportation  request 
will  be  returned  to  the  officer  who  issued  them,  and  by  him  forwarded  to  the  officer 
who  pays  the  account  for  the  service.  The  value  of  such  ticket  or  parts  of  tickets 
will  be  deducted  from  any  money  due  or  to  become  due  the  company  for  transporta- 
tion over  whose  line  they  were  obtained.  On  the  collection  of  the  value  of  such 
unused  tickets  they  will  be  returned  to  the  company  by  which  they  were  issued. 

1220.  When  transportation  to  any  given  point  and  return  is  required,  the  request 
for  return  transportation  should  be  obtained  at  the  destination,  provided  it  can  be 
there  procured,  except  in  cases  where  round-trip  tickets  can  be  obtained  at  reduced 
rates  and  made  available  for  the  journey;  otherwise  the  quartermaster  will  issue  two 
sets  of  requests,  one  to  the  place  of  destination,  the  other  for  return  transportation. 

1221.  All  facts  necessary  to  enable  the  paying  officer  to  decide  as  to  the  regularity 
or  propriety  of  the  proceedings  will  be  stated  upon  the  request.  Should  it  appear  to 
the  paying  officer  that  transportation  has  been  improperly  furnished  by  the  issuing 
officer,  he  will  make  payment  to  the  carrier  for  the  service  actually  rendered,  and 
will  send  to  the  Quartermaster-General  a  statement  of  all  the  facts,  with  a  certified 
copy  of  the  request. 

1222.  Officers  drawing  mileage  are  authorized  to  carry  with  them,  at  public 
expense,  such  quantity  of  baggage  as  they  may  require,  not  exceeding  1 50  pounds. 
This  will  include  the  portion  carried  free  by  the  transportation  lines. 

1223.  Officers  traveling  under  orders  with  transportation  furnished  them  in  kind 
by  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  and  who  desire  to  retain  in  their  possession  a 
quantity  of  baggage  greater  than  that  passed  free  for  passengers  by  the  carrier,  will 
be  furnished  with  transportation  requests,  on  which  will  be  stated  that  portion  of  the 
150  pounds  of  baggage  allowed  in  excess  of  the  quantity  which,  by  the  tariff  of  the 
respective  carriers,  is  transported  free.  The  officer  receiving  the  request  will  certify, 
in  the  receipt  appended  thereto,  whether  transportation  for  such  excess  of  baggage 
has  been  furnished,  and  settlement  will  be  made  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department 
with  the  respective  carriers  accordingly. 


TRANSPORTATION    REQUESTS FERRIES,   BRIDGES.  167 

1224.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  may  provide  transportation  of  baggage 
for  enlisted  men  traveling  under  orders  without  troops,  not  to  exceed  the  following 

weights: 

Pounds. 
Noncommissioned  officers 100 

Privates  of  the  Hospital  Corps 100 

Other  privates * 50 

This  allowance  will  accompany  each  man  on  the  conveyance  by  which  he  is 
transported,  and  will  include  the  number  of  pounds  of  baggage  carried  free  on  the 
passage  ticket. 

1225.  Quartermasters,  in  issuing  requests  for  transportation  of  officers  and  others 
traveling  under  orders,  will  not  include  therein  public  property  of  any  description, 
nor  personal  baggage  in  excess  of  that  portion  of  the  allowance  of  150  pounds  not 
carried  free,  and  for  which  transportation  at  public  expense  is  authorized. 

1226.  Books  of  blank  transportation  requests  will  be  provided  by  the  Quarter- 
master-General. They  will  be  furnished  to  quartermasters,  who  will  receipt  and 
account  for  them.  Requests  issued  will  be  reported  on  the  prescribed  form.  The 
numbers  of  all  requests  received,  issued,  canceled,  etc.,  will  be  specified  in  the  proper 
abstracts,  and  all  canceled  requests  will  accompany  voucher  to  Abstract  I. 

122*7.  An  officer  relieved  from  duty  in  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  or  trans- 
ferred to  another  station,  will  turn  over  to  his  successor  all  blank  requests  in  his  pos- 
session, unless  otherwise  directed,  taking  a  receipt  therefor,  which  will  show  the 
blank  requests  turned  over  and  their  numbers. 

122§.  Blank  requests  will  not  be  removed  from  the  military  department  to  which 
they  have  been  furnished,  nor  will  they  be  transferred  to  officers  who  are  not  author- 
ized to  receive  them.  If  lost  or  stolen,  a  report,  giving  numbers  and  series  of  those 
missing  and  circumstances  attending  loss,  will  be  made  at  once  to  the  chief  quarter- 
master of  the  department  and  the  Quartermaster-General,  and  the  former  will  notify 
the  transportation  lines  in  his  department  and  yicinity  not  to  honor  them. 

1229.  The  stub  of  the  request,  containing  its  substance,  and  showing  by  what 
authority  and  for  what  purpose  issued,  will  be  preserved  as  part  of  the  permanent 
record  of  the  post  or  office  from  which  the  issue  was  made. 

FEKRIES,  TURNPIKES,  AND    BRIDGES. 

1230.  Whenever  it  shall  be  necessary  for  troops,  teams,  or  employees  in  the  mili- 
tary service  to  pass  on  public  duty  over  a  legally  constituted  toll  bridge,  ferry,  or 
turnpike,  the  officer  or  person  in  charge  of  the  party  will  apply  to  the  nearest  quar- 
termaster for  a  request  for  such  passage.  If  he  can  not  obtain  it,  he  will  give  to  the 
keeper  of  the  bridge,  ferry,  or  turnpike  a  certificate  stating  the  number  of  persons 
and  whether  mounted  or  on  foot,  number  of  loose  animals,  teams  and  animals  to 
each  team  for  which  toll  or  ferriage  is  due,  and  showing  that  the  travel  is  on  public 
duty.  Accounts  for  such  service,  accompanied  by  the  request,  or  certificates  duly 
receipted,  will  be  presented  to  the  nearest  disbursing  quartermaster  for  settlement, 
who,  before  payment,  wall  satisfy  himself  that  the  rates  charged  do  not  exceed  those 
authorized,  or  paid  by  private  individuals,  and  that  the  indebtedness  was  necessarily 
incurred  for  the  public  service.  Payment  may  be  made  at  the  authorized  or  usual 
rates,  unless  more  favorable  terms  can  be  obtained. 

STREET-CAR   AND   FERRY   TICKETS. 

1231.  Written  requests  for  street-car  and  ferry  tickets  will  be  prepared  by  quar- 
termasters and  forwarded  to  the  Quartermaster-General  for  authority  to  purchase. 
These  requests  will  state  the  number,  character,  and  cost  of  the  tickets  required,  and 


168  STREET    CARS SLEEPING    AND    PARLOR    CARS. 

the  officers  submitting  them  will  certify  that  the  tickets  are  for  use  in  messenger 
service  in  the  public  business.  The  tickets  when  purchased  will  be  taken  up  on  the 
return  and  expended  solely  in  the  performance  of  messenger  service  on  public  duty. 
In  cases  where  street-car  or  ferry  companies  have  no  tickets  for  sale,  reimbursement 
for  fare  paid  may  be  made  on  a  service  voucher. 

1232.  The  following  persons  are  entitled,  at  public  expense,  to  a  double  berth  in 
a  sleeping  car,  or  to  the  customary  stateroom  accommodations  on  steamers,  where 
extra  charge  is  made  for  the  same:  Officers  of  the  Army  traveling  on  duty  with 
troops;  Army  nurses,  civilian  clerks,  and  agents  in  the  military  service,  when  trav- 
eling under  orders  on  public  business;  sergeant-majors  (regimental,  battalion,  or 
squadron),  ordnance,  commissary  (post  or  regimental),  quartermaster  (post  or  regi- 
mental), and  electrician  sergeants,  hospital  stewards,  chief  musicians,  chief  trumpet- 
ers, principal  musicians,  first  sergeants,  and  sergeants  of  the  Signal  Corps,  when 
traveling  under  orders  on  public  business  without  troops;  also  invalid  soldiers,  when 
so  traveling  on  the  certificate  of  a  medical  officer  showing  the  necessity  therefor. 

When  the  number  of  officers  traveling  with  troops  is  too  small  to  justify  the  hire 
by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  of  a  standard  sleeping  car  for  their  accommoda- 
tion, they  shall  be  furnished  with  such  part  of  a  tourist  sleeping  car,  or  other  suitable 
sleeping  car,  properly  curtained  off  for  their  accommodation,  as  the  Quartermaster's 
Department  may  provide  for  their  use  during  the  journey. 

1233.  Quartermasters  providing  parlor  and  sleeping  car  accommodations  will 
issue  requests  therefor,  and  state  therein  the  number  of  berths  or  seats  required. 

1234.  When  a  journey  is  to  be  performed  covering  the  route  of  more  than  one 
sleeping  or  parlor  car,  separate  requests  will  be  issued  for  accommodations  in  each 
car  in  which  the  person  is  to  travel. 

1235.  The  holder  of  a  request  which  calls  for  sleeping  or  parlor  car  accommoda- 
tions will  receipt  for  the  number  of  berths  or  seats  furnished,  naming  the  points 
between  which  they  were  furnished. 

1236.  Persons  holding  requests  for  sleeping  or  parlor  car  accommodations  will, 
whenever  practicable,  present  them  to  the  proper  agent  and  obtain  tickets  for  the 
number  of  berths  or  seats  required  before  commencing  the  journey.  When  not 
practicable  to  do  so,  berths  or  seats  will  be  secured  from  the  conductor  of  the  car. 

1237.  Special  sleeping  or  parlor  cars  will  not  be  chartered  when  the  expense 
exceeds  the  cost  of  the  berths  or  seats  authorized  to  be  furnished. 

123§.  When  it  is  impracticable  for  agents  or  conductors  to  furnish  berths  or  seats 
in  sleeping  or  parlor  cars,  the  holder  of  the  request  will,  on  the  termination  of  his 
journey,  return  it  to  the  issuing  officer  with  a  statement  of  the  reasons  why  it  has  not 
been  used,  and  that  officer  will  account  fpr  it  on  his  return. 

1239.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  pay  accounts  for  sleeping  and  parlor 
car  accommodations  when  made  out  in  the  name  of  the  company  furnishing  them, 
and  based  upon  requests  issued  by  quartermasters.  In  settlement  it  will  not  allow 
for  a  greater  number  of  berths  or  seats  than  is  called  for  in  the  request,  although 
more  may  have  been  receipted  for;  and  when  a  less  number  has  been  receipted  for 
than  the  request  mentions,  it  will  pay  in  accordance  with  the  receipt.  When  the 
receipt  covers  a  greater  number  of  berths  or  seats  than  is  called  for  in  the  request,  the 
disbursing  officer  will  report  the  fact  to  the  Quartermaster-General,  but  payment 
for  the  authorized  number  will  not  be  delayed. 

1240.  An  officer  traveling  with  troops  who  incurs  expense  for  authorized  sleep- 
ing or  parlor  car  accommodations,  when  it  is  impracticable  to  obtain  a  request  there- 
for, will  be  reimbursed  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  upon  application 
supported  by  a  receipt  for  the  amount  paid  by  him  and  a  copy  of  the  orders  under 
which  the  journey  was  performed. 


TRANSPORTATION   OF   BAGGAGE. 

TRANSPORTATION    OF   BAGGAGE. 


169 


1241.  In  changing  station  an  officer's  authorized  allowance  of  baggage  will  be 
turned  over  to  a  quartermaster  for  transportation  as  freight  by  ordinary  freight  lines. 

1242.  The  baggage  to  be  transported  at  public  expense,  including  mess  chests  and 
personal  baggage,  upon  change  of  station  will  not  exceed  the  following  weights: 


Rank. 


Major-general 

Brigadier-general . 

Field  officer 

Captain 


First  lieutenant 

Second  lieutenant  and  veterinarian !!!..."!..!!. 

Acting  assistant  surgeon !!!  1 !!..!.!.."!!!!!! 

Post  and  regimental  noncommissioned  staff  officer,  hospital  steward  chief 
musician,  sergeant  of  the  Signal  Corps,  squadron  and  battalion  sergeant- 
majors,  each 


For  officers  and  others  in  the  above  list,  when  embarking  under  orders  for  extended 
service  over  the  sea  and  for  duty  in  Alaska,  and  upon  change  of  station  in  Alaska 
and  in  places  beyond  the  limits  of  the  States  composing  the  Union,  as  well  as  upon 
return  to  the  said  States,  the  allowance  of  baggage  to  be  transported  by  the  Quarter- 
master's Department  from  initial  point  to  port  of  embarkation  and  from  port  of 
destination  to  garrison  station  will  be  three  times  the  allowance  prescribed  above 
for  change  of  station. 

The  provisions  of  this  paragraph  will  also  extend  to  officers  who  are  ordered  to  duty 
in  Alaska  or  the  Island  of  Guam,  and  the  same  transportation  allowance  will  be 
granted  to  officers  on  change  of  station  in  Cuba,  Porto  Rico,  the  Philippine  Islands, 
Hawaii,  Alaska,  and  Guam,  and  on  return  to  the  United  States. 

These  allowances  are  in  excess  of  the  weights  transported  free  of  charge  under  the 
regular  fares  by  public  carriers.  They  may  be  reduced  pro  rata  by  the  commanding 
officer,  if  necessary,  and  may,  in  special  cases,  be  increased  by  the  War  Department 
on  transports  by  water.  Shipments  of  officers'  allowance  of  baggage  will  in  all  cases 
be  made  at  carrier's  risk,  including  those  over  roads  where  tariffs  provide  for  extra 
charge  therefor.  An  officer  detailed  for  duty  in  a  foreign  country  as  a  military 
attache  is  entitled  to  transportation  of  professional  books  and  papers  and  the  num- 
ber of  pounds  of  personal  baggage  specified  in  the  above  table  only. 

1243.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  transport  the  authorized  change  of 
station  allowance  of  baggage  and  professional  books  and  papers  for  officers  or  enlisted 
men  upon  retirement,  or  who  die  in  the  service,  from  their  last  duty  stations  to  such 
places  within  the  limits  of  the  United  States  as  may  be  the  homes  of  their  families, 
or  as  may  be  designated  by  their  legal  representatives  or  executors. 

1244.  Transportation  of  change  of  station  allowance  of  baggage  is  authorized  for 
such  contract  surgeons  as  may  be  employed,  when  they  join  for  duty  under  the  first 
order,  and  also  on  return  to  their  homes  on  the  termination  of  their  contracts,  if  pro- 
vided for  in  the  contracts.  Graduates  of  the  Military  Academy  and  officers  promoted 
from  the  ranks  will  be  furnished  with  transportation  for  field  allowance  of  baggage 
on  their  first  assignment  to  duty  as  commissioned  officers.  With  these  exceptions, 
transportation  of  baggage  at  public  expense  is  not  authorized  for  officers  joining  for 
duty  on  first  ap})ointment  to  military  service,  nor  upon  reinstatement  or  reappoint- 
ment, nor  to  effect  transfers  from  one  company  or  regiment  to  another  at  the  request 
of  parties  transferred.  Officers  ordered  on  temporary  duty  are  not  entitled  to  such 
transportation.  In  lieu  of  the  allowance  authorized  in  paragraph  1242,  an  officer 
detailed  as  attache  is  entitled  to  have  his  full  allowance  transported  from  the  post  he 


170  TRANSPORTATION    OF    SUPPLIES. 

leaves  to  his  home,  or  to  the  nearest^  convenient  place  of  storage,  and  upon  resuming 
duty  in  this  country  from  such  place  of  storage  to  his  post  of  duty.  While  on  journeys 
performed  in  foreign  countries,  as  an  attache,  the  cost  of  transporting  his  personal 
baggage  can  not  be  paid  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department. 

1245.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  furnish  transportation  for  the  pre- 
scribed regimental  and  company  desks,  for  the  books,  papers,  and  instruments  of 
staff  officers  necessary  to  the  performance  of  their  duties,  and  for  the  medical  chests 
of  medical  officers;  also  for  the  professional  books,  including  standard  works  of 
fiction,  of  officers  changing  station,  officers  ordered  home  for  retirement,  graduates  of 
the  Military  Academy,  and  officers  joining  on  first  appointment,  which  they  certify 
belong  to  them  and  pertain  to  their  official  duties;  also  the  professional  books  of 
hospital  stewards  changing  station,  not  exceeding  two  hundred  pounds  in  weight. 
Invoices  of  packages  turned  over  to  the  shipping  officer  will  be  accompanied  by  the 
certificate  of  the  officer  as  to  character  of  books,  and  a  certified  copy  will  be  attached 
to  the  bill  of  lading  issued  at  the  initial  point  of  shipment.  The  certificate  as  to  the 
character  of  the  books  of  a  hospital  steward  will  be  given  by  the  medical  officer 
under  whom  he  last  served. 

TRANSPORTATION    OF   SUPPLIES. 

1246.  Quartermasters  will,  prior  to  shipment,  securely  pack,  seal,  and  weigh  all 
quartermaster's  supplies,  if  practicable. 

1247.  Quartermasters  and  agents  shipping  public  property  or  baggage  will  mark 
every  package  with  the  name  and  station  of  the  officer  to  whom  consigned,  and  will 
number  them  consecutively.  Packages  of  quartermaster's  supplies  should,  so  far  as 
practicable,  bear  consecutive  numbers,  to  be  preceded  or  followed  by  the  numbers 
given  to  the  packages  of  other  classes  of  property  shipped  at  the  same  time;  but  no 
two  packages  of  the  same  shipment  will  bear  the  same  number,  except  in  case  of 
reshipment  of  packages  already  numbered.  When  supplies  are  shipped  in  large 
quantities,  and  in  packages  of  like  dimensions  and  weight,  numbering  may  be 
omitted.  In  cases  of  reshipment,  stores  will  be  re-marked  if  necessary  by  the  ofiicer 
required  to  reship  them. 

124§.  Officers  turning  over  property  to  a  quartermaster  for  transportation  will 
plainly  mark  each  package  with  the  name  and  address  of  consignee,  a  list  of  its 
contents,  its  weight,  and  *'U.  S." 

1249.  An  officer  who  turns  over  supplies  to  another  for  transportation  in  the  best 
condition  in  which  it  is  possible  to  put  them  is  relieved  from  any  further  responsi- 
bility therefor  by  the  receipt  of  the  officer  to  whom  they  are  intrusted  for  transpor 
tation.  Should  the  officer  to  whom  the  stores  are  consigned  discover  damage  or 
deficiency,  he  will  apply  for  a  board  of  survey,  before  which  all  concerned  will  be 
heard  in  person  or  by  deposition.  The  board  will  ascertain  and  determine  the  amount 
and  condition  of  the  stores  actually  delivered  to  the  receiving  officer,  who  will  receipt 
to  the  officer  intrusted  with  their  transportation  for  the  amount  and  quantity  so 
determined.  The  latter  officer  will  be  held  responsible  for  all  damages  or  deficiency, 
unless  relieved  therefrom  by  the  report  of  the  board  of  survey,  duly  approved  by  the 
reviewing  authority. 

1250.  When  a  quartermaster  receives  supplies,  transported  by  a  common  carrier 
under  agreement  with  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  which  do  not  correspond  to 
the  invoice  because  of  damage  or  deficiency  not  attributable  to  ordinary  loss  or 
wastage,  the  facts  will  be  fully  investigated  by  a  board  of  survey  (unless  the  carrier 
voluntarily  assumes  liability  for  the  loss)  and  the  money  value  of  the  damage  or 
deficiency  will  be  charged  to  the  party  responsible  therefor,  whether  the  shipping 
ofl&cer  or  carrier.  The  authority  which  calls  the  board  will,  as  soon  as  possible, 
transmit  copies  of  its  proceedings  to  the  forwarding  and  receiving  officers  and  to  the 
officer  authorized  to  pay  the  account.     In  case  the  responsibility  is  fixed  upon  the 


TRANSPORTATION   FOR   EXECUTIVE    DEPARTMENTS.  l7l 

carrier,  the  receiving  officer  will  note  on  the  bill  of  lading  the  deductions  which 
should  be  made  for  such  loss  or  damage  by  the  quartermaster  who  pays  the  account. 
The  latter  will  make  the  deduction  and  refund  the  amount  stopped  to  the  proper 
department,  in  the  following  manner,  for  example:  If  from  an  account  of  $100  for 
transportation  services  there  is  a  deduction  of  $25  for  ordnance  stores  lost,  the  quar- 
termaster will  take  credit  under  the  head  "  Transportation  of  the  Army  "  for  $75  paid 
to  the  carrier,  and  also  for  $25  deposited  to  the  credit  of  the  Treasurer  of  the  United 
States  on  account  of  the  Ordnance  Department;  but  if  the  deduction  is  on  account  of 
forage  lost  by  the  carrier,  he  will  take  credit  on  his  account  current,  under  transpor- 
tation, for  $25  as  carried  to  ''Regular  Supplies,"  under  which  head  he  will  charge 
himself  with  that  amount. 

1251.  Transportation  by  express,  when  in  excess  of  cost  by  ordinary  freight, 
must  be  limited  to  emergencies,  and  vouchers  in  payment  must  show  the  emergency 
and  authority  for  such  transportation.  Upon  application  approved  by  the  depart- 
ment commander,  a  quartermaster  may  transport  public  funds  by  express.  In  such 
cases  he  will  receipt  only  for  so  many  sealed  packages  said  to  contain  so  nmch  public 
money.  When  an  absent  disbursing  officer  sends  his  check  to  the  order  of  the 
quartermaster,  requesting  him  to  express  the  amount  named  therein,  the  latter  will 
receipt  for  the  actual  amount  to  be  transported.  In  case  of  loss  of  funds  by  unavoid- 
able accident,  the  shipping  officer  will  not  be  held  responsible,  and  the  officer 
accountable  for  the  funds  must  seek  relief  through  application  to  the  Court  of  Claims 
or  to  Congress. 

TRANSPORTATION    FOR   OTHER   DEPARTMENTS. 

1252.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  ship  all  freight  that  may  be  delivered 
to  it,  securely  packed  and  properly  marked,  by  any  of  the  Executive  Departments 
or  bureaus  of  the  Government.  Separate  bills  of  lading  will  be  used  and  the  follow- 
ing notations  made  thereon:  "Payable  by  the  Treasury  Department,"  "the  Navy 
Department,"  "the  Interior  Department,"  "the  National  Museum,"  "the  United 
States  Fish  Commission,"  etc.  When  practicable,  the  bureau  to  which  the  freight 
pertains  will  be  stated,  for  example:  "Payable  by  the  Navy  Department,  Bureau  of 
Ordnance."  Accounts  in  duplicate,  supported  by  these  bills  of  lading,  will  be  pre- 
pared by  any  quartermaster  to  whom  they  may  be  presented,  and  will  be  forwarded 
to  the  Quartermaster-General.  In  making  up  the  accounts  the  same  plan  as  to 
deduction  on  account  of  land-grant  or  bond-aided  railroads  will  be  pursued  aa  in 
accounts  for  transportation  of  other  Government  property. 

1253.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  is  authorized  to  ship  (under  the  regula- 
tions governing  the  transportation  of  military  property,  and  on  the  same  forms  of 
bills  of  lading)  articles  donated  to  the  Medical  Museum  at  Washington,  the  library 
and  museum  of  the  Military  Service  Institution  at  Governors  Island,  N.  Y.,  or  the 
United  States  Military  Academy  at  West  Point,  N.  Y.  Packages  will  be  marked 
with  the  name  of  the  institution,  and  sent  in  care  of  the  depot  quartermaster  at 
Washington  or  New  York,  or  the  quartermaster  at  West  Point. 

1254.  Arms,  ordnance  stores,  and  quartermaster's  supplies,  issued  to  the  several 
States  and  Territories  under  the  laws  for  arming  and  equipping  the  militia,  will  be 
turned  over  to  the  Quartermaster's  Department  for  transportation  and  delivery  at 
the  railroad  depot  or  steamboat  dock  nearest  to  the  point  within  the  State  or  Terri- 
tory designated  by  the  governor  thereof.  Separate  bills  of  lading  will  be  used  in 
shipping  this  property. 

1255.  A  quartermaster  is  authorized  to  transport  books  and  musiciil  instruments 
purchased  for,  or  donated  to,  post  chapels  or  to  post  or  company  libraries,  and  gym- 
nastic and  athletic  appliances  purchased  with  regimental,  exchange  or  company 
funds,  for  the  use  of  troops,  from  the  nearest  market  to  the  post  or  station  of  the 
troops. 


172 


BILLS    OF    LADING. 


BILLS   OP   LADING. 

1256.  Public  property  will  be  transported  on  bills  of  lading,  which  will  be  num- 
bered consecutively  in  the  order  of  shipment,  beginning  with  the  first  shipment  of 
each  fiscal  year.  They  will  consist  of  two  parts,  the  original  and  duplicate,  each  to 
be  certified  by  the  shipping  officer  and  receipted  by  the  carrier. 

1257.  Bills  of  lading  will  be  prepared  in  the  name  of  the  carrier,  and  will  show 
the  points  between  which  transportation  is  required,  also  places  of  original  departure 
and  ultimate  destination  of  the  freight. 

125§.  Bills  of  lading  will  show  the  number,  marks,  contents,  and  weight  or 
measurement  of  each  package  or  class  of  packages  to  be  transported,  as  follows: 


oT 

Marks. 

No. 

No.  of 
packages. 

Contents.* 

Weight, 
lbs. 

a! 

Mai.  Geo.  Bliss, 

C.S.,U.S.A., 

Washington,  D.  C. 

U.S.  property. 

1  to  20 
21  to  30 
31  to  35 
36  to  40 

41  to  45 

46  to  50 

61 

52 

53  to  55 

56  to  60 
61   &  62 
63  to  65 
66  to  70 
71  to  75 
76  &  77 
78  to  80 
81  &  82 

83  &  84 
85  to  88 
89  to  91 

92  &  93 

94 

95  &  96 

97 

20  boxes . . 
10    do     .. 

5    do     .. 

5    do     .. 

5    do     .. 
5    do     .. 

1  do     .. 
Ikeg.... 
3  coils  ... 

5  bales... 

2  do   ... 

3  boxes  . . 
5    do   ... 
5  kegs  . . . 

2  do   ... 

3  do    ... 
2  bundles 

2  boxes  . . 

4  pkgs . . . 

3  chests.. 

2  boxes . . 

1  do     .. 

2  do     .. 

1    do     .. 

1,200 

1,500 
300 

O 

Evaporated  peaches                                 

d 

300 

Blacksmith's  tools.     .     .           

•-- 

Ma j.  John  Bell, 

Depot  Q.M., 

Washington,  D.C. 

U.  S.  property. 

960 

-o 

384 

o 

236 

^ 

Chains                                                 

372 

o 

648 

?. 

Coats       

"o 

Capt.John  Smith, 
Q.M.,U.S.A., 

Georgetown,  D.  C. 
U.  S.  property. 

550 

Sheets 

120 

03 

Hats 

200 

V 

Shoes 

500 

a 

600 

ID 

Horseshoe  nails             

75 

-G 

Cut  nails 

360 

200 

fl 

Bas'S'afi'P                                                     .   . 

> 

Lt.Jas.  Smith,  1st 

Inf.,  Ft.  Monroe,  Va., 

Changing  station. 

Private  property. 

800 

to 

900 

t 

n 

Prof,  books,  papers,  instruments,  etc.  (as 
the  case  may  be). 

100 

Co.  1, 1st  Infantry, 
Co.  property. 
Ft.Myer,Va. 

754 

p 

Fielddesk 

100 
326 

Bayonet  scabbards  and  belts 

a 

Com' d'g.  Officer, 
Rock  Island  Arsenal 

from 
Capt.  John  A.  Robin- 
son, 7th  Inf. 

160 

03 

Total 

> 

11,645 

*  The  contents  should  be  shown  in  sufficient  detail  to  enable  the  Quartermaster's  Department  to 
recover  in  case  of  loss^  as  well  as  to  know  in  all  cases  what  was  actually  transported. 

1259.  In  the  transportation  of  baggage  with  officers  or  troops,  the  bill  of  lading 
should  show  plainly  whether  the  whole  weight  specified  in  the  bill  is  to  be  paid  for 
by  the  United  States,  or  whether  a  deduction  is  to  be  made  for  the  number  of 
pounds  allowed  each  passenger  by  the  carrier.  In  the  latter  case,  if  the  actual  num- 
ber of  pounds  to  be  deducted  is  not  known,  the  number  of  persons  receiving  trans- 
portation will  be  stated. 

1 260.  Personal  baggage  of  officers  will  not  be  shipped  on  Government  bill  of 
lading,  except  such  quantity  as  is  transported  at  Government  expense  in  change  of 
station,  unless  transportation  by  wagon  or  other  conveyance  owned  by  the  United 
States  is  furnished. 

1261.  In  transporting  by  rail,  the  number  of  animals,  number  and  weight  of 
packages,  number  of  feet  of  lumber  or  pieces  of  timber  and  dimensions  will  be 
expressed  in  the  bill  of  lading  in  figures  as  well  as  number  of  carloads;  and  when 


BILLS    OF    LADING.  l73 

transportation  is  to  be  paid  for  by  weight,  the  number  of  pounds  will  be  stated.  In 
shipments  by  water  at  cubic  measurement,  the  same  rules  as  to  number,  weight,  and 
measurement  will  be  observed.  The  officer  receiving  the  property  in  certifying  to 
its  correctness  will  write  out  the  weight  in  words  and  figures. 

1262.  Erasures,  interlineations,  or  alterations  in  bills  of  lading  nmst  be  explained 
thereon  by  the  issuing  or  other  competent  officer  over  his  signature. 

1263.  In  no  case  will  a  second  original  or  duplicate  bill  of  lading  or  a  copy  of  a 
bill  of  lading  be  issued  to  the  carrier  for  any  shipment,  nor  will  a  bill  of  lading  be 
issued  after  the  transportation  service  has  been  performed. 

1264.  The  rate  of  transportation  charges  and  the  initial  letters  of  each  road  by 
which  the  supplies  are  to  be  transmitted  will  be  inserted  in  the  bill  of  lading. 

1265.  The  original  bill  of  lading  will  be  given  to  the  carrier  at  the  time  the  ship- 
ment is  made,  and  upon  the  delivery  of  the  property  in  good  order  and  condition 
will  be  receipted  by  the  consignee  and  returned  to  the  carrier  with  such  further 
indorsement  as  may  be  necessary  to  insure  settlement.  The  duplicate  will  be 
promptly  transmitted  by  the  shipping  officer  to  the  consignee,  and  upon  delivery  of 
the  property  will  be  receipted  in  like  manner  as  the  original  and  forwarded  to  the 
paying  officer.  If  the  shipping  officer  is  not  the  paying  officer,  he  will  be  notified 
by  letter  of  the  receipt  of  the  supplies  and  their  condition  when  received. 

1266.  Bills  of  lading  will  be  made  payable  by  the  chief  quartermaster  of  the 
department  in  which  the  supplies  are  to  be  dehvered,  unless  some  other  officer  has 
been  designated  to  pay  them. 

1267.  Bills  of  lading  issued  for  supplies  to  be  forwarded  by  conveyance  owned 
or  leased  by  the  Government  will  show  that  no  payment  is  to  be  made  for  the* 
service. 

126§.  Transportation  should  be  provided  to  ultimate  destination  and  on  through 
bills  of  lading  when  practicable.  When  not  practicable,  or  when  through  or  special 
rates  can  not  be  secured,  transportation  will  be  furnished  to  the  most  convenient 
point  for  forwarding  to  ultimate  destination  or  to  the  farthest  point  to  which  through 
or  special  rates  can  be  obtained. 

1269.  In  transportation  of  public  stores  over  a  line  of  roads,  one  of  which  is  land 
grant  and  subject  to  deduction  of  rates,  or  is  not  entitled  to  payment  for  transporting 
such  stores,  separate  bills  of  lading,  stating  that  it  is  land  grant,  may  be  issued  to  it 
if  requested. 

1270.  Bills  of  lading  will  not  be  issued  so  as  to  include  service  beyond  the  ter- 
mination of  any  road  owned,  leased,  controlled,  or  operated  by  a  bond-aided  railroad 
company.  When  such  service  is  required,  separate  bills  of  lading  will  be  issued,  but 
none  to  include  service  over  more  than  one  bond-aided  road  with  its  leased  lines  and 
branches;  the  issue  of  separate  bills  for  through  transportation  is  for  the  convenience 
of  railroads  only  in  settling  their  accounts,  and  will  not  commit  the  United  States  to 
the  payment  of  local  rates  for  any  portion  of  the  through  transportation.  Such  bills 
will  indicate  the  point  of  original  departure  and  ultimate  destination  of  the  freight 
transported. 

1271.  In  the  absence  of  the  consignee  or  on  his  failure  to  receipt,  the  officer 
receipting  will  certify  that  he  is  duly  authorized  to  do  so,  and  why  the  consignee 
does  not  receipt.  Clerks  and  agents  are  not  authorized  to  receipt  bills  of  lading 
unless  the  stores  are  consigned  to  them  or  to  their  care. 

1272.  In  case  of  loss  or  damage  to  property  while  in  possession  of  the  carrier,  the 
bills  of  lading  will  not  be  receipted  until  such  loss  or  damage  is  decided  upon  and 
the  responsibility  therefor  fixed,  except  that  when  the  loss  or  damage  has  been 
ascertained  and  the  responsibility  fixed  without  the  action  of  a  board,  the  bill  may 
be  receipted  and  an  indorsement  made  thereon  stating  the  kind  of  property  lost  or 


174  ,  BILLS    OF    LADING. 

damaged,  its  weight  or  measurement,  its  full  value  including  cost  of  transportation, 
and  the  name  of  the  company  or  party  responsible  therefor.  When  a  receipted  bill 
of  lading  is  demanded  by  the  carrier,  it  may  be  receipted  by  the  receiving  officer 
after  noting  thereon  the  loss  or  damage  which  is  apparent,  and  adding  that  final 
settlement  will  await  the  action  of  a  board  of  survey.  All  the  indorsements  of  the 
receiving  officer  on  the  original  bill  of  lading  will  be  put  upon  the  duplicate. 

1273.  Payment  will  be  made  on  the  original  bill  of  lading  i)roperly  receipted 
and  accomplished,  but  not  until  the  duplicate  has  been  received  by  the  paying 
officer,  except  as  provided  in  the  following  paragraph. 

1274.  In  case  of  loss  or  destruction  of  one  part  of  the  bill  of  lading,  the  paying 
officer,  after  satisfying  himself  of  the  fact,  will  report  it  to  the  Quartermaster-General 
with  recommendation  as  to  payment. 

1275.  In  case  both  parts  of  the  bill  of  lading  have  been  lost  or  destroyed,  the 
shipping  officer,  upon  the  application  of  either  the  carrier,  the  consignee,  or  the  pay- 
ing officer,  Avill  issue  a  certificate  in  duplicate  in  the  prescribed  form.  This  certifi. 
cate  may  be  given  by  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  records  of  the  post  or  depot, 
although  he  may  not  have  made  the  shipment.  Entry  should  be  made  in  the  ship- 
ping book  of  the  loss  of  both  parts  of  the  bill  of  lading,  and  of  the  fact  that  the 
certificate  has  been  issued.  The  certificate  will  be  forwarded  to  the  consignee,  who 
will  indorse  thereon  his  certificate  as  to  the  receipt  of  the  property  and  its  condition. 
If  a  board  of  survey  has  acted  on  the  shipment,  he  will  attach  a  copy  of  the  pro- 
ceedings to  the  certificate. 

1276.  A  shipping  officer  will  give  his  certificate  only  w'lien  necessary  to  enable 
tiie  carrier  to  receive  payment,  and  not  until  he  has  satisfied  himself,  by  correspond- 
ence with  the  officer  to  whom  the  stores  were  shipped  and  the  officer  designated  to 
make  payment,  that  neither  part  is  in  their  possession.  He  will  also  require  the 
affidavit  of  the  carrier,  stating  that  neither  part  of  the  bill  of  lading  is  in  his  posses- 
sion nor  can  be  traced  by  him,  and  if  subsequently  found  that  he  will  make  no 
demand  thereon,  but  will  at  once  surrender  it  to  the  United  States.  Upon  this 
evidence,  and  with  the  authority  of  the  Quartermaster-General,  payment  may  be 
made  for  the  service.  In  case  either  or  both  parts  of  the  bill  of  lading  should  sub- 
sequently be  recovered  by  the  shipping  officer,  he  will  note  the  fact  in  the  shipping 
book  and  forward  the  same  to  the  Quartermaster-General. 

1277.  Officers  will  satisfy  themselves  of  the  loss  of  the  original  bill  of  lading 
before  they  surrender  the  duplicate  to  the  carrier.  If  lost  while  in  the  possession  of 
an  officer,  his  certificate  will  be  sufficient. 

127§.  In  case  of  the  loss  of  a  bill  of  lading  while  stores  are  in  transit,  railroad 
companies  are  requested  to  forward  them  to  destination,  taking  such  receipts  as  they 
may  deem  necessary  to  show  delivery  to  connecting  lines.  They  will  present  these 
receipts  instead  of  the  bill  of  lading  to  the  disbursing  quartermaster,  who,  after  hav- 
ing satisfied  himself  of  their  correctness,  will  make  payment  as  directed  in  paragraph 
1281. 

1279.  Payment  in  case  of  loss  of  either  or  both  parts  of  a  bill  of  lading  will  be 
promptly  reported  to  the  Quartermaster-General  by  the  disbursing  officer,  who  will 
give  description  of  bill  of  lading,  or  certificate,  and  voucher  on  which  payment  is 
made. 

12§0.  To  insure  prompt  delivery  of  stores  in  the  absence  of  both  parts  of  the  bill 
of  lading,  the  consignee  may  give  to  the  carrier  a  receipt  for  the  stores  actually  deliv- 
ered, which  will  state  that  it  is  given  because  the  bill  of  lading  has  not  come  to  hand. 
The  receipt  will  be  recovered  and  destroyed  by  the  officer  who  issued  it,  on  the 
recovery  of  the  bills  of  lading,  or  when  the  certificate  provided  for  in  paragraph  1275 
shall  have  been  given. 


BILLS    OF    LADING CLOTHING.  175 

12§1.  Payment  for  transportation  will  be  made  to  the  last  carrier,  unless  other- 
wise provided  in  the  bill  of  lading,  and  only  for  the  quantity  of  stores  delivered  at 
destination,  except  that  in  case  of  loss  of  weight  from  natural  shrinkage  en  route 
the  weight  shipped,  as  shown  in  bill  of  lading,  will  be  paid  for,  provided  the  pack- 
ages are  delivered  intact.  The  payee  will  be  held  responsible  for  all  loss  or  damage 
to  stores  while  in  transit  (unless  relieved  by  a  board  of  survey),  and  such  loss  or 
damage  will  be  deducted  in  making  settlement  for  the  service. 

12§2.  Officers  in  settling  accounts  for  transportation,  or  forwarding  them  to  the 
Quartermaster-General  for  settlement,  will  obtain  from  the  companies  or  lines 
employed  authentic  and  official  lists  of  tariffs  in  force  at  date  of  service,  and  will 
attach  to  the  first  account  so  settled  or  forwarded  two  copies  thereof  (one  for  the  use 
of  that  office  and  one  for  the  Treasury),  and  thereafter,  as  each  account  is  settled  or 
forwarded,  will  refer  to  said  lists  as  long  as  they  are  in  force.  When  current  rates 
are  charged,  a  certificate  of  the  proper  agent  of  the  line  or  company  performing  the 
service  should  be  appended  to  the  account,  setting  forth  that  such  rates  were  the 
current  and  lowest  rates  charged  the  public  at  the  time  the  service  was  rendered. 
When  charges  such  as  drayage,  wharfage,  tolls,  etc.,  are  made  as  part  of  an  account, 
they  will  be  fully  and  separately  set  forth  in  the  voucher. 

1283.  When  public  tariffs  do  not  include  the  specific  articles  shipped,  the  rates 
and  classification  of  articles  analogous  thereto  will  govern.  If  articles  analogous  can 
not  be  found  in  the  tariff  lists,  the  companies  will  be  requested  to  classify  the  articles 
transported. 

LAND-GRANT   AND   BOND-AIDED   RAILROADS. 

1284.  General  orders  will  be  issued  containing  full  information  as  to  land-grant 
and  bond-aided  railroads,  and  directing  the  mode  of  stating  and  rendering  accounts 
of  such  roads  for  military  transportation. 

12§5.  Quartermasters  will  be  designated  to  receive  and  prepare  the  accounts  of 
these  railroad  companies. 

CLOTHING   AND   EQUIPAGE. 

]2§6.  A  table  showing  the  price  of  clothing  and  equipage  for  the  Army,  the 
allowance  of  clothing  in  kind  to  each  soldier  for  each  year  of  his  enlistment,  and  his 
clothing  money  allowance  for  each  year  and  day  thereof,  also  the  allowance  of  equi- 
page to  officers  and  enlisted  men,  will  be  published  in  orders. 

128T.  Estimates  of  clothing  and  equipage  will  be  made  quarterly  as  follows:  On 
January  1  for  a  supply  to  last  until  June  30;  on  April  1,  until  September  30;  on  July 
1,  until  December  31;  on  October  1,  until  March  31.  Each  company  or  detachment 
commander  will  prepare  these  estimates  on  the  prescribed  form  and  forward  one 
copy  to  the  post  commander  at  the  beginning  of  the  period  for  which  the  estimate  is 
made.  They  will  be  based  on  the  authorized  strength  of  the  command  and  will  show 
the  quantities  and  sizes  of  the  articles  required  and  of  those  on  hand. 

1288.  The  post  commander,  after  careful  revision  of  these  estimates,  will  cause 
the  quartermaster  to  consolidate  them  and  add  such  articles  as  may  be  needed  for 
post  purposes  for  the  same  period.  Company  or  detachment  estimates  will  be 
retained  in  the  office  of  the  quartermaster  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  those 
concerned. 

1289.  The  quartermaster  will  forward,  through  the  regular  channel,  two  copies 
of  the  consolidated  post  estimates  to  the  chief  quartermaster  of  the  department, 
accompanied  by  a  statement  showing  the  articles  of  clothing  (specifying  sizes),  equi- 
page, and  materials  on  hand  at  the  post  in  excess  of  the  requirements  of  the  service 
for  the  period  covered  by  the  estimate.  Chief  quartermasters  will  report  to  the 
Quartermaster-General  any  unnecessary  accumulation  of  clothing  or  equipage  at  a 
post, 


176 


CLOTHING. 


1290.  After  revision  and  approval  of  the  post  estimates  at  department  head 
quarters,  the  chief  quartermaster  will  forward  the  same  so  as  to  reach  the  Quarter- 
master-General's Office  not  later  than  February  1,  May  1,  August  1,  and  November 
1,  respectively. 

1291.  If  at  the  time  estimates  are  prepared  it  be  known  that  any  of  the  troops 
are  to  change  station,  their  estimates  will  not  be  included  in  the  post  estimates,  but 
will  be  forwarded  separately.  The  new  station  to  which  the  supplies  should  be  sent 
will  be  stated. 

1292.  Should  the  quantity  of  clothing  and  equipage  supplied  upon  the  periodical 
estimates  prove  inadequate,  a  special  estimate  in  duplicate,  giving  reasons  therefor, 
should  be  made  and  forwarded  through  proper  channels  to  the  Quartermaster- 
General. 

1293.  Officers  of  the  recruiting  service  will,  prior  to  the  beginning  of  each  quar- 
ter, forward  estimates  for  a  three  months'  supply  of  clothing  and  equipage  for  their 
respective  stations  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  who,  after  revision,  will 
transmit  them  to  the  Quartermaster-General.  These  estimates,  which  will  be 
restricted  to  the  smallest  quantity  absolutely  necessary  to  the  comfort  of  the  men 
composing  their  detachments,  will  be  made  in  duplicate  and  will  be  accompanied  by 
a  list  of  such  articles  as  may  be  on  hand  and  not  required  for  use  during  the  period 
estimated  for. 

1294.  Clothing  and  equipage  required  by  the  engineer  battalions,  ordnance 
detachments  and  detachments  of  the  Signal  Corps  will  be  estimated  for  at  the  dates 
and  for  the  periods  indicated  in  paragraph  1287.  The  estimates  will  be  made  in 
duplicate  and  forwarded  to  the  chiefs  of  the  respective  corps,  who,  after  revision, 
will  transmit  them  to  the  Quartermaster-General. 

1295.  After  the  clothing  and  equipage  are  received  at  a  post,  the  quartermaster 
will  make  issues  in  such  quantities  and  at  such  times  as  the  company  or  detachment 
commanders  may  require  and  as  may  be  approved  by  the  post  commander.  No 
issues  of  garments  of  larger  sizes  than  are  actually  needed  will  be  made  for  the 
purpose  of  altering  them  into  smaller  sizes. 

1296.  All  officers  making  estimates  or  requisitions  for  clothing  and  equipage  will 
conform  to  regulations  and  orders  fixing  allowances.  The  following  tables  show  the 
proportion  of  sizes  to  each  hundred  of  the  articles: 


Articles. 


Helmets 

Campaign  hats 
Forage  caps  . . . 
Canvas  caps  . . . 


Sizes  and  proportions  of  each. 

6* 

6i 

7 

7i 

7i 

7f 

6 

21 

31 

26 

12 

4 

6 

21 

31 

26 

12 

4 

6 

21 

31 

26 

12 

4 

6 

21 

31 

26 

12 

4 

Total. 


100 
100 

100 
100 


Articles. 

Sizes  and  proportions  of  each. 

Total. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7       8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

Boots 

3 
3 
6 
6 
6 
15 

11 
11 
4 
4 
4 
5 

31 
31 

33 
33 

16 
16 

4 
4 

2 
2 

100 

Shoes                            

100 

Uniform  dress  coats 

10 

10 

10 

10 

15 

8 

8 

5 

10 

10 

15 

25 

25 
25 

25 
20 
45 
36 
36 
5 
20 
20 
26 
45 

30 
30 
30 
30 
30 
38 
38 
15 
30 
30 
35 
30 

25 
26 
25 
20 
10 
15 
15 
15 
20 
20 
20 

100 

::::::: 

100 

Blouses                          

100 

100 

Stable  frocks 

100 

Undershirts  knit 

3 
3 
10 
15 
15 
5 

100 

100 

Trousers  kersey .                              

5 
5 
5 

10 

100 

100 

100 

Drawers  canton  flannel 

100 

.   . 

100 

Fur  gauntlets                 

30 

50 

20 

100 

CLOTHING.  177 

The  sizcH  furnished  require  very  little,  if  any,  alteration,  and  estimates  should  be 
made  as  near  the  exact  requirements  of  the  men  as  possible. 

1297.  Should  any  of  the  sizes  of  clothing  specified  in  the  foregoing  paragraph 
prove  inadequate,  measurements  stated  upon  prescribed  blanks  will  be  forwarded 
with  the  estimate  for  the  garments.  A  certificate  that  the  enlisted  man  for  whom 
such  clothing  is  intended  can  not  be  fitted  with  the  sizes  of  clothing  furniHhe<l  should 
accompany  each  requisition.  Additional  cost  of  manufacture,  as  given  in  annual 
price  list,  will  be  charged  in  each  case. 

liJ9§.  Unmade  uniform  coats,  blouses,  and  trousers  will  be  supplied  for  issue  in 
special  cases  to  enlisted  men  at  cost  of  materials.  They  wuU  be  obtained  from  the 
Quartermaster's  Department  in  the  same  manner  as  other  articles  of  clothing,  and  it 
is  made  the  duty  of  commanding  officers  to  see  that  this  clothing,  when  made,  con- 
forms strictly  to  standard  patterns.  The  materials  for  each  coat,  blouse,  or  pair  of 
trousers,  with  the  buttons,  thread,  needles,  and  all  necessary  trimmings,  will  be 
rolled  in  a  bundle,  which  will  be  securely  fastened  and  marked  with  the  size  of  the 
garment. 

1299.  When  unmade  articles  of  clothhig  received  by  officers  at  military  posts 
are  found  to  be  incomplete  but  otherwise  in  good  condition,  they  will  not  be  sub- 
mitted to  an  inspector  for  condemnation,  but  will  be  turned  over  to  the  nearest  manu- 
facturing depot  to  be  completed;  or  a  requisition  for  the  missing  parts  may  be  made. 

1300.  The  clothing  estimated  for  by  each  company  or  detachment  commander 
should,  as  a  rule,  be  held  subject  to  its  wants,  but  in  case  of  need  it  may  be  otherwise 
issued,  and  the  quartermaster  will  then  call  for  a  sufficient  quantity  to  replace  it  if 
necessary. 

1301.  When  clothing  is  required  a  schedule  enumerating  the  articles  needed  by 
each  man  and  the  money  value  of  each  article  will  be  prepared  by  the  company  or 
detachment  commander  on  the  prescribed  form.  This  schedule,  approved  by  the 
commanding  officer,  will  be  sent  to  the  quartermaster  and  when  the  clothing  is  ready 
for  issue  the  commander  of  the  organization  will  be  notified.  Issues  will  be  made  by 
the  quartermaster  in  the  presence  of  the  commander  of  the  organization  or  other 
commissioned  officer  representing  him,  who  will  witness  the  signatures  of  the  sol- 
diers upon  the  schedule,  and  this  will  be  returned  to  the  commander  of  the  organiza- 
tion with  the  certificate  of  the  quartermaster  that  the  articles  specified  have  all  been 
issued. 

The  number  of  each  article  and  the  total  value  of  all  the  articles  issued  to  each 
organization  will  be  entered  by  the  quartermaster  upon  duplicate  abstracts  of  issues. 

The  aggregate  money  value  of  all  the  articles  issued  must  agree  exactly  with  the 
aggregate  value  of  issues  to  individuals,  and  the  witnessing  officer  will  make  this 
verification  oi  the  accuracy  of  the  schedule  before  certifying  to  the  correctness  of  the 
entries  upon  the  abstract. 

The  commander  of  the  organization  will  certify  on  each  copy  of  the  abstract  that 
the  money  value  of  the  issue  to  each  man  has  been  entered  in  the  clothing  book  and 
tlie  witnessing  officer  will  certify  that  the  issues  were  made  as  stated  in  the  schedule 
and  abstract.  If  the  commander  be  also  the  witnessing  officer,  he  will  sign  both 
certificates.  These  entries  in  the  clothing  book,  with  date  of  issue  and  name  of 
quartermaster,  will  be  attested  by  the  witnessing  officer.  The  abstract  certified  as 
required  above,  signed  by  the  quartermaster  and  approved  by  the  commanding 
officer,  will  be  the  voucher  for  dropping  clothing  from  the  return. 

1302.  At  ungarrisoned  or  isolated  stations  where  it  is  impracticable  to  have  the 
issue  witnessed  as  required  by  paragraph  1301,  the  unwitnessed  receipts  of  men  for 
clothing  issued  to  them  will  be  vouchers  to  the  returns  of  the  issuing  offi(-er  accom- 
panied by  his  certificate  that  he  has  charged  on  their  clothing  accounts  the  money 
value  of  the  articles  issued  or  has  notified  the  proper  officer  to  make  such  charge. 

22778—03 12 


178  CLOTHING    AND    EQUIPAGE. 

1303.  Each  soldier's  clothing  account  will  he  kept  by  the  company  or  detachment 
commander  in  the  company  clothing  book.  The  account  will  show  the  money  value 
of  the  clothing  received  by  the  soldier  at  each  issue,  and  his  receipt  therefor  will  be 
taken  in  the  book. 

1304.  Company  and  detachment  commanders  will  settle  the  clothing  account  of 
every  enlisted  man  of  their  respective  commands  six  months  after  the  date  of  his 
enlistment,  and  thereafter  on  June  30  and  December  31  of  each  year.  The  entire 
amount  found  due  the  United  States  for  the  periods  embracing  the  dates  of  settle- 
ment will  be  charged  to  the  soldier  upon  the  pay  rolls.  The  money  allowance  of 
clothing  for  the  first  year  will  be  allotted  by  half  years. 

1305.  The  balance  due  the  soldier  at  either  of  these  dates  will  be  credited  to  him 
upon  the  company  clothing  book.  It  will  not  be  placed  upon  the  pay  rolls,  but 
the  final  balance  due  at  date  of  discharge  will  be  entered  upon  his  final  statements. 
In  case  of  transfer,  the  balance  due  the  soldier  or  the  United  States  will  be  entered 
on  the  descriptive  list.  All  balances  of  this  character  will  be  stated  in  words  and 
figures. 

1306.  The  clothing  account  of  a  soldier  who  deserts  should  be  settled  in  full  to 
the  date  of  desertion.  The  balance  due  him,  or  the  United  States,  will  be  entered  on 
the  next  pay  rolls  after  date  of  desertion.  The  amount  due  the  United  States  or 
the  soldier  at  date  of  desertion  should  be  ascertained  by  crediting  the  soldier  with 
clothing  allowance  from  date  of  last  clothing  settlement  to  the  date  of  desertion 
(excluding  the  day  of  desertion)  and  debiting  him  with  the  money  value  of  all  cloth- 
ing drawn  by  him;  the  difference  between  the  two  amounts  will  be  the  amount  due 
the  United  States  or  the  soldier. 

1307.  A  deserter  is  entitled  to  clothing  allowance  from  the  date  he  surrenders  or 
is  apprehended,  and  the  amount  due  him  will  be  computed  from  the  tables  then  and 
subsequently  in  force.  A  new  clothing  account  will  be  opened  without  reference  to 
his  account  at  date  of  desertion. 

130§.  Clothing  drawn  in  excess  of  allowance  by  soldiers  discharged  without 
honor  will  be  taken  up  again  on  the  returns  of  the  quartermaster  of  the  post  at  which 
the  soldier  may  be  serving,  and  if  new  will  be  reissued;  otherwise  it  will  be  trans- 
ferred to  the  nearest  clothing  depot  for  use  of  general  prisoners,  unless  the  particular 
post  may  be  the  one  at  which  prisoners  are  confined,  in  which  case  the  clothing  will 
be  allowed  to  remain  for  use  of  such  prisoners. 

1309.  Clothing  allowance  accruing  to  a  soldier  after  return  to  the  service  from 
desertion  will  not  be  used  to  reduce  the  amount  of  the  soldier's  indebtedness  at 
date  of  desertion;  the  full  amount  of  the  soldier's  indebtedness  must  be  charged  on 
the  roll,  to  be  deducted  by  the  paymaster  when  he  settles  the  soldier's  account. 

1310.  Whenever  the  necessity  for  the  issue  is  certified  by  the  department  com- 
mander, arctic  overshoes,  according  to  pattern  in  the  ofl[ice  of  the  Quartermaster- 
General,  will  be  supplied  to  troops.  They  will  be  charged  to  the  enlisted  men,  but 
do  not  form  part  of  the  annual  money  allowance  for  clothing. 

1311.  Leggins  for  all  troops,  of  brown  cotton  duck,  according  to  patterns  in  the 
office  of  the  Quartermaster-General,  to  be  worn  on  marches  and  campaigns,  will  be 
charged  to  the  enlisted  men,  but  do  not  form  part  of  the  annual  money  allowance 
for  clothing. 

1312.  Articles  of  band  uniforms,  including  music  pouches,  that  do  not  form  part 
of  the  annual  clothing  allowance  may  be  issued,  but  not  charged  except  in  case  of 
loss  or  damage.  The  articles  thus  issued  without  charge  remain  the  property  of  the 
United  States. 

1313.  Canvas  mittens  and  blanket-lined  canvas  caps  conforming  to  patterns  in 
the  office  of  the  Quartermaster-General  will  be  supplied  to  troops  serving  in  extremely 


CLOTHING    AND    EQUIPAGE.  179 

cold  regions  and  to  troops  stationed  at  West  Point,  upon  the  approval  of  the  depart- 
ment commander  or  the  head  of  the  staff  department  or  corps,  as  the  case  may  be,  at 
the  rate  of  one  pair  of  mittens  and  one  cap  per  man  per  annum.  The  voucher  will 
show  that  this  issue  is  gratuitous  and  made  within  the  above,  allowance.  Issues  in 
excess  of  such  allowance  will  be  charged  to  the  men  at  regulation  prices.  In  case  of 
loss  or  destruction  of  any  of  said  articles  of  gratuitous  issue  without  fault  or  neglect 
on  tlie  part  of  the  soldier  to  whom  they  have  been  intrusted,  and  so  certified  to  by 
the  immediate  commanding  officer,  then  the  article  or  articles  so  lost  or  destroyed 
may  be  replaced  without  charge  to  the  soldier. 

1314.  Whenever  the  necessity  for  the  issue  is  certified  by  the  post  commander, 
fur  gauntlets  and  caps,  and  woolen  mittens,  conforming  to  patterns  in  the  office  of 
the  Quartermaster-General,  will  be  issued  at  cost  prices  at  the  rate  of  one  pair  of 
gauntlets  and  mittens,  and  one  cap  to  each  enlisted  man  per  annum.  These  articles 
do  not  form  part  of  the  annual  money  allowance  for  clothing. 

1315.  There  will  also  be  issued  to  troops  stationed  in  extremely  cold  regions, 
when  the  necessity  for  such  issue  is  certified  by  the  post  commander,  fur  or  blanket- 
lined  canvas  overcoats,  but  only  to  men  performing  guard  duty  or  field  service,  when 
exposure  to  weather  would  jeopardize  life  or  limbs  by  freezing.  The  coats  should  he 
borne  on  the  returns  as  equipage  and  charged  to  enlisted  men  only  in  case  of  loss  or 
damagfe  other  than  from  ordinary  wear  and  tear.  If  made  of  fur  they  will  on  the 
approach  of  warm  weather  be  turned  over  to  the  quartermaster,  who  will  observe  the 
following  directions  for  their  preservation: 

1.  Expose  them  to  the  sun  and  then  beat  them  with  a  light  twig  or  rattan,  making 
sure  that  all  moth  eggs,  should  any  have  been  deposited,  are  destroyed.  The  expo- 
sure should  be  thorough  and  the  beating  vigorous,  but  not  severe  enough  to  injure 
the  fur  or  pelt. 

2.  Repair  coats  needing  it  (using  for  the  purpose,  as  far  as  practicable,  such  articles 
of  a  corresponding  character  as  can  not- again  be  rendered  serviceable)  and  then  pack 
in  boxes  well  lined  with  petroleum  and  wrapping  paper  (the  latter  being  next  the 
goods),  exercising  care  that  no  holes  or  other  openings  are  left  in  the  wrappers  for 
moths  to  enter.  Securely  nail  the  boxes  and  paste  paper  over  all  joints.  Sufficient 
peiroleum  paper  may  usually  be  obtained  from  broken  packages  of  clothing  opened 
for  issue,  and,  should  it  dry  from  age  or  use,  it  can  be  freshened  by  rubbing  into  the 
surface  coal  oil,  being  careful  not  to  use  enough  to  penetrate  the  wrapping  paper. 

1316.  The  Quartermaster's  Department  is  authorized  to  pay  from  the  appropria- 
tion for  clothing  and  equipage  a  sum  not  exceeding  |1.50  for  the  laundry  work  of 
each  recruit  at  rendezvous  and  stations  who  has  no  funds  of  his  own.  The  expendi- 
ture will  be  charged  on  the  clothing  account  of  the  recruit  and  so  not<?d  on  his 
descriptive  and  assignment  card. 

1317.  Commanding  officers  may  order  necessary  issues  of  clothing  to  military 
prisoners  who  have  no  clothing  allowance,  from  deserters'  or  other  damaged  clothing 
when  there  is  such  in  store,  or  from  clothing  specially  provided  for  the  purpose.     The 
receipt  of  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  prisoners  will  be  the  quartermaster's  voucher- 
for  such  issue. 

131§.  The  issue  to  general  prisoners  employed  at  outdoor  labor  in  severe  weather 
at  military  posts,  of  such  overcoats,  overshoes,  woolen  mittens,  and  flannel  shirts  as, 
in  the  judgment  of  the  department  commander,  may  be  necessary  to  prevent  suffer- 
ing, is  authorized. 

1319.  Gratuitous  issues  of  clothing  may  be  made,  under  the  provisions  of  section 
1298,  Revised  Statutes,  to  replace  articles  destroyed  to  prevent  the  spread  of  contagi- 
ous diseases,  upon  the  certificate  of  an  oflicer  that  the  clothing  was  so  destroyed  upon 
the  recommendation  of  the  medical  officer  named. 


180  CLOTHING  AND  EQUIPAGE. 

1 320.  Should  it  become  necessary  to  issue  new  clothing  for  use  in  the  burial  of  a 
deceased  soldier,  as  in  the  case  of  a  man  who  dies  away  from  his  proper  command 
and  under  circumstances  rendering  such  issues  imperatively  necessary,  the  expense 
of  the  issue  will  be  borne  by  the  United  States,  and  the  clothing  will  be  dropped 
from  the  returns  of  the  issuing  officer  on  the  orders  of  the  commanding  officer,  which 
must  recite  the  necessity  for  the  issue. 

1321.  Officers  may  purchase  from  the  Quartermaster's  Department  such  articles 
of  uniform  clothing,  clothing  materials,  and  equipage  as  they  need,  provided  the  prop- 
erty is  availabe.     They  will  certify  that  the  articles  are  for  their  personal  use. 

1322.  Officers'  servants  will  not  be  permitted  to  wear  clothing  intended  for 
troops,  except  underclothing  and  shoes,  which  may  be  purchased  in  limited  quanti- 
ties, if  available,  upon  the  officer's  certificate  that  they  can  not  be  otherwise  obtained. 

1323.  Quartermasters  are  authorized  to  drop  from  their  returns  tent  pins  and  ax, 
pickax  and  hatchet  helves,  upon  officers'  certificates  that  the  articles  have  been  worn- 
out  in  service. 

1324.  Estimates  for  tableware  and  kitchen  utensils  will  be  made  quarterly  on  the 
dates  and  to  cover  periods  named  in  paragraph  1287.  They  will  be  limited  to  such 
articles  as,  with  those  on  hand  at  the  time  an  estimate  is  submitted,  shall  not  exceed 
in  kind  and  quantity  the  mess  outfit  as  announced  in  the  general  orders  prescribed 
in  paragraph  315.  Special  estimates  may  be  made  when  necessary  to  meet  emer- 
gencies, and  in  such  cases  the  circumstances  constituting  the  emergencies  will  be 
stated. 

1325.  Commanding  officers  of  posts  and  of  all  organizations  supplied  with  table- 
ware and  kitchen  utensils  will  exercise  a  rigid  supervision  and  economy  in  the  care 
and  preservation  of  all  such  articles,  and  any  damaged,  broken,  destroyed,  or  lost 
through  the  carelessness  of  enlisted  men  will  be  charged  against  their  pay,  as  explained 
in  paragraph  767,  and  a  "statement  of  charges"  on  the  prescribed  form  will  be  filed 
as  a  voucher  with  the  return  from  which  the  articles  are  dropped.  Loss  througli 
breakage  of  china  and  glassware,  not  due  to  carelessness,  may  be  replaced  at  public 
expense  on  proper  requisition,  provided  it  does  not  exceed  20  per  cent  per  annum,  or 
5  per  cent  per  quarter,  of  the  total  value  of  china  and  glassware  to  which  the  mess  is 
entitled  (value  to  be  determined  by  the  prices  given  in  the  annual  price  list) ,  and 
the  articles  so  replaced  will  be  destroyed  and  dropped  from  returns  in  the  manner 
prescribed  in  paragraph  1323.  Any  excess  of  breakage  will  be  replaced  only  under 
extraordinary  circumstances,  or  when  values  have  been  charged  as  above  provide;!, 
and  requisitions  calling  for  such  excess  must  show  clearly  the  circumstances  or  the 
fact  that  charge  has  been  made.  Estimates  calling  for  articles  other  than  china  and 
glassware  must  show  the  necessity  for  them,  and  if  to  replace  articles  lost  or  stolen, 
must  be  accompanied  by  the  proceedings  of  a  board  of  survey,  unless  values  have 
been  charged  as  hereinbefore  directed. 

1326.  There  will  be  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  to  all  duly 
authorized  bands  of  the  Army  the  following-named  musical  instruments,  viz:  Db 
piccolo,  terz  and  concert  flutes,  Eb  and  Bb  cornets,  Eb  trumpets,  Eb  and  Bb  clario- 
nets, Eb  altos,  Bb  trombones  (valve  or  slide),  Bb  baritones,  Eb,  Bb,  and  BBb  bassos, 
bass  and  snare  drums,  cymbals,  triangles,  music  stands,  and  extra  parts  for  the 
repair  of  the  instruments;  also  batons  with  suitable  cords  and  tassels  for  use  of  drum 
majors  of  all  dismounted  bands.  Mounted  bands  may  be  supplied  with  a  pair  of 
kettledrums  in  lieu  of  the  bass  and  tenor  drums,  cymbals,  and  triangles,  and  also 
with  altos,  trombones,  and  bassos  of  helicon  shape.  A  flugelhorn  may  be  furnished 
in  lieu  of  the  Eb  trumpet,  a  euphonium  in  lieu  of  one  alto,  one  Eb  alto  saxophone, 
and  one  Eb  baritone  saxophone  in  lieu  of  two  cornets;  but  under  no  circumstances 


MUSICAL   INSTRUMENTS,    BROOMS,  An1>   TELEGRAI>HING.      181 

will  more  than  a  complete  instrumentation  for  28  musicians  be  supplied.  In  making 
requisition  for  band  instruments  a  statement  showing  the  numl>er  and  kind  on  hand 
and  their  condition  should  accompany  the  same.  All  the  property  specified  will  be 
accounted  for  by  the  quartermaster  of  the  regiment.  When  any  instrument  has 
become  unserviceable,  it  will  be  submitted  to  a  board  of  survey.  A  copy  of  the  pro- 
ceedings of  the  board  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Quartermaster- General  with  a  view 
of  having  the  instrument  repaired,  if  practicable,  or  otherwise  disposed  of.  When 
an  instrument  needs  minor  repairs,  involving  only  a  slight  expense,  and  the  work 
can  be  done  in  a  workmanlike  manner  in  the  vicinity  of  the  post,  it  will  not  be  nec- 
essary to  submit  the  instrument  to  a  board  of  survey.  Such  repair  may  be  secured 
upon  the  written  order  of  the  commanding  officer,  but  a  report  of  the  nature  of  the 
work  and  cost  involved  will  be  made  to  the  Quartermaster-General  through  proper 
military  channels. 

1327.  There  will  be  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  to  each  field 
battery  two  small  brass  Bb  bugles.  To  every  other  company  two  G  trumpets  with 
F  slides,  and,  if  desired,  detachable  F  crooks.  Foot  troops  may  use  the  drums  and 
fifes  in  lieu  thereof,  if  desired  by  regimental  commanders.  Whistles  will  be  fur- 
nished for  such  sergeants,  corporals,  or  musicians  as  are  required  to  use  them.  The 
foregoing  articles  will  conform  to  patterns  in  the  office  of  the  Quartennaster-General, 
and  will  be  accounted  for  as  equipage. 

132§.  The  allowance  of  corn  brooms  and  scrubbing  brushes  will  be  as  follows: 

For  each  organization  having  an  authorized  maximum  strength  of  150  enlisted  men 
or  over,  nine  brooms  and  six  brushes  per  month. 

For  each  organization  having  an  authorized  maximum  strength  of  100  enlisted  men, 
more  or  less,  six  brooms  and  four  brushes  per  month. 

Two  brooms  and  one  brush  per  month  to  each  regimental  band. 

Three  brooms  and  two  brushes  per  annum  for  each  noncommissioned  staff  officer, 
including  those  of  posts,  regiments,  squadrons,  battalions,  and  the  Artillery  Corps. 

Six  brushes  per  annum  to  each  post  bakery. 

They  will  habitually  be  drawn  quarterly,  but  may  be  drawn  when  needed.  If  less 
than  the  maximum  allowance  is  drawn  in  one  quarter,  credit  can  not  be  given  in 
another. 

1329.  Post  commanders  may,  when  necessary,  order  the  issue  of  six  brooms  per 
annum  to  each  public  office  and  building  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Depart- 
ment, as  follows:  Post  (jommander's  and  quartermaster's  offices,  quartermaster's 
warehouse,  post  bakery,  school,  chapel,  and  library.  The  necessity  for,  and  the  fact 
of  issue,  must  in  all  cases  be  certified  by  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  office  or  building, 
and  verified  by  the  post  commander. 

1330.  The  use  of  serviceable  tents  or  other  canvas  for  any  other  purpose  than 
that  for  which  such  articles  are  furnished  is  prohibited,  except  in  cases  of  emergency 
when  necessary  to  protect  public  property.  When  troops  are  not  engaged  in  active 
service,  all  tentage  (except  shelter  tents),  all  tent  stoves  and  stovepipe  will  habitually 
be  kept  in  storage  by  the  quartermaster. 

TELEGRAPHING. 

1331.  The  telegraph  will  be  used  only  in  cases  of  urgent  and  imperative  necessity, 
in  which  the  delay  consequent  upon  transmission  by  mail  would  be  prejudicial  to 
the  public  interests.  In  cable  dispatches  only  such  words  will  be  sent  as  are  neces- 
sary to  a  clear  understanding  of  their  contents. 

1332.  The  War  Department  Telegraphic  Code  will  be  accounted  for  on  the  pa«t 
return  and  transferred  upon  change  of  post  commanders.     The  post  commander  is 


182  TELEGRAPH  ACCOUNTS. 

required  to  retain  the  code  in  his  custody,  and  is  responsible  for  the  key  and  its 
proper  use.  Department  commanders,  from  time  to  time,  and  particularly  when 
post  commanders  are  changed,  will  make  use  of  the  code.  When  military  necessity 
causes  it  to  be  destroyed,  it  should  be  burned  leaf  by  leaf. 

1333.  Accounts  for  telegrams  on  military  business  prepared  on  the  prescribed 
form  in  the  name  of  the  telegraph  company  rendering  the  service  and  accompanied 
by  the  original  telegrams,  in  the  case  of  telegrams  sent  checked  ''paid,"  and  in  the 
case  of  telegrams  received  checked  "collect,"  by  the  impression  copies  thereof,  will 
be  paid  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  with  the  following  exceptions: 

1.  Accounts  for  reimbursement  of  amounts  paid  by  officers  for  telegraphic  service, 
which  will  be  prepared  upon  prescribed  forms. 

2.  Accounts  for  telegrams  on  public  business  of  a  confidential  nature  when  in  the 
opinion  of  the  officer  receiving  or  sending  them  it  is  improper  that  copies  should 
accompany  the  accounts,  or  where  copies  can  not  be  procured.  When  it  is  question- 
able whether  the  telegrams  are  on  official  business  or  that  the  telegraph  should  have 
been  used,  such  accounts  will  be  accompanied  by  full  explanations  from  the  officer 
who  sends  or  receives  the  telegrams. 

The  accounts  excepted  in  this  paragraph  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Quartermaster- 
General  for  settlement. 

In  settling  accounts  for  telegrams  which  pass  over  the  lines  of  more  than  one  com- 
pany (bond  aided  excepted) ,  payment  may  be  made  on  the  original  telegram  to  the 
initial  company  for  the  entire  service. 

1334.  Telegrams  making  application  for  leave  of  absence  or  extension  of  leave, 
or  of  inquiry  whether  leave  has  been  granted,  and  the  replies  made  thereto  by  tele- 
graph, will  not  be  sent  or  paid  for  as  public  dispatches. 

1335.  In  framing  telegrams  all  words  not  important  to  the  sense  will  be  omitted. 
The  last  name  of  the  officer  addressed,  or  his  title,  and  the  last  name  of  the  sender 
are  generally  sufficient. 

1336.  In  counting  the  words  of  telegraphic  messages  the  following  rules  will  be 
observed:  Names  of  cities  and  places,  when  used  to  designate  such  cities  or  places, 
and  words  properly  connected  by  a  hyphen,  will  be  counted  as  one  word.  Numerals 
w^ill  be  expressed  in  words,  and  will  not  be  counted  as  hyphened  words.  Names  of 
places  and  persons  when  given  to  things  will  be  counted  according  to  the  number  of 
distinct  words  in  each.  Names  such  as  Van  Vliet  or  St.  Nicholas  will  be  counted  as 
one  word.  All  words  contained  in  an  official  telegram  will  be  counted,  including  name 
and  title  of  party  addressed  and  of  the  sender,  but  excluding  the  name  of  the  place 
from  which  sent,  date,  and  the  words  "official  business,"  which  should  appear  on 
each  telegram. 

1337.  Except  in  cases  of  loss  or  destruction  of  original  messages,  where  satisfac- 
tory evidence  is  submitted  showing  that  payment  has  not  already  been  made  and  no 
charge  will  hereafter  be  made,  no  settlement  will  be  made  with  the  telegraph  office 
from  which  a  telegram  is  sent  unless  the  original  telegram  is  marked  or  checked 
"paid,"  and  no  settlement  will  be  made  with  the  telegraph  office  at  which  a  tele- 
gram is  received  unless  the  telegram  received  is  marked  or  checked  "collect." 

133§.  In  each  territorial  department  a  quartermaster  will  be  assigned  by  the 
department  commander  to  the  duty  of  adjusting  and  settling  telegraph  accounts  under 
the  instructions  of  the  Quartermaster-General. 

1339.  Blank  forms  for  official  telegrams  will  be  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster- 
General  for  the  use  of  all  persons  in  the  military  service. 

1340.  Nothing  is  required  of  officers  sending  telegrams  beyond  the  delivery  of 
the  message  to  the  company.  The  proper  quartermaster  will  receive  from  telegraph 
companies  their  accounts,  with  proofs  of  service  (which  should  be  original  telegrams 
whenever  practicable),  and  will  prepare  and  certify  vouchers  for  the  same  and  pay 


TELEPHONING,   RECOEDSS,   RETURNS,   AND    REPORTS  183 

them,  or  forward  them  for  settlement  as  is  required  in  paragraph  1333.  Information 
desired  by  telegraph  companies  in  regard  to  military  business  will  be  obtained  from 
the  Quartermaster's  Department. 

1341.  When  telegrams  are  sent  "collect"  by  private  individuals,  the  nature  of 
the  telegrams  should  govern  the  action  of  the  disbursing  quartermaster.  If  strictly 
on  Government  business,  payment  will  be  made  by  the  United  States. 

TELEPHONING. 

1 342.  Where  telephoning  is  practicable,  accounts  for  the  same  may  be  paid  from 

the  appropriation  for  the  payment  of  telegraphic  service. 

RECORDS. 

1343.  The  following  books  will  be  kept  in  the  office  of  every  quartermaster: 

1.  A  cash  book,  in  which  will  be  entered,  according  to  appropriations,  all  accounts 
received  and  disbursed,  the  date  thereof,  from  whom  received  or  to  whom  paid,  and 
on  what  account. 

2.  A  book  of  letters  received,  including  a  record  of  indorsements. 

3.  A  press-copy  book,  in  which  all  correspondence  pertaining  to  the  office,  includ- 
ing estimates  of  funds  and  requisitions  for  quartermaster's  supplies,  will  be  copied  and 
indexed. 

4.  A  record  book  of  barracks  and  quarters,  kept  as  directed  in  paragraph  1084. 

5.  A  descriptive  book  of  public  animals,  kept  as  directed  in  paragraph  1147. 

6.  A  record  of  interments  (in  case  of  station  at  a  post),  kept  as  indicated  in  para- 
graph 576. 

7.  A  press-copy  book  of  stores  and  property  shipped,  in  which  all  bills  of  lading 
issued  will  be  copied. 

8.  A  book  of  stores  and  property  received,  kept  as  provided  in  the  directions 
theiewith. 

1 344.  The  required  books  will  be  supplied  by  the  Quartermaster-General.  They 
will  not  be  removed  from  the  office  except  on  its  discontinuance,  when  they  will  be 
disposed  of  as  directed  in  paragraph  891.  Commanding  officers  and  inspectors  will 
see  that  they  are  neatly  kept  and  contain  complete  and  correct  records  of  all  matters 
which  should  be  recorded  therein.  Commanding  officers  will  also  see  that  they  are 
properly  transferred. 

1345.  All  letters  received,  and  copies  of  all  orders  for  the  expenditure  of  money 
or  property,  will  remain  on  file  as  part  of  the  records  of  the  office.  When  it  is 
necessary  to  withdraw  a  letter  for  file  with  the  officer's  accounts,  a  duly  certified 
copy  will  be  made  to  replace  it  in  the  office  file.  Letters  pertaining  exclusively  to 
the  settlement  of  an  officer's  accounts  belong  to  him  and  not  to  the  office  files. 

RETURNS   AND   REPORTS. 

1346.  All  property  purchased  with  funds  appropriated  by  Congress  for  carrymg 
on  the  operations  of  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  and  all  property  supplied  for 
the  use  of  the  Army  through  that  Department,  will  be  denominated  ''quartermaster's 
supplies,"  and  returns  for  the  same  will  be  rendered  to  the  Quartermaster-General 
quarterly  and  when  the  accountable  officer  is  relieved  from  duty. 

1347.  All  quartermaster's  supplies  accounted  for  by  an  officer  will  be  entered 
upon  one  return. 

1348.  The  following  returns  and  reports  will  be  made  and  disposed  of  by  quar- 
termasters as  indicated  by  the  notes  on  the  forms  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster- 
General: 

1.  Report  of  persons  and  articles  employed  and  hired,  to  be  rendered  monthly, 
direct  to  the  Quartermaster-General,  within  ten  days  after  the  expiration  of  the 


184  THE    SUBSISTENCE    DEPAETMENT. 

month.     This  report  will  contain  a  complete  record  of  all  services  rendered  the 
Quartermaster's  Department  during  the  month  to  which  it  pertains. 

2.  Monthly  report  of  all  bills  of  lading  and  transportation  requests  issued,  except 
those  issued  for  transportation  by  conveyances  owned  or  chartered  by  the  United 
States. 

3.  Transfer  list  of  persons  and  articles  employed  and  hired. 

4.  Report  of  enlisted  men  employed  on  extra  duty,  rendered  monthly,  within  ten 
days  after  the  expiration  of  the  month.  A  copy  of  the  order  placing  an  enlisted  man 
on  extra  duty,  or  relieving  him  therefrom,  will  accompany  the  report  for  the  month 
during  which  he  was  so  detailed  or  relieved.  The  report  will  also  show  in  the  column 
of  remarks  the  particular  duty  upon  which  each  man  was  employed,  and  whether 
services  were  rendered  on  other  than  working  days. 

5.  Statement  of  outstanding  debts,  rendered  monthly,  in  time  to  reach  the  chief 
quartermaster  of  the  department  on  the  last  day  of  the  month  to  which  it  pertains. 

1349.  Quarterly  returns  of  quartermaster's  supplies.  Mali  be  made  in  duplicate — 
one  copy,  with  abstracts  (except  of  articles  purchased)  and  vouchers,  will  be  forwarded 
to  the  Quartermaster-General  within  twenty  days  after  the  expiration  of  the  quarter 
to  which  it  pertains;  the  other  retained  by  the  officer.  The  abstract  of  articles 
purchased  will  be  rendered  monthly  and  forwarded  with  money  accounts. 

1350.  When  one  quartermaster  relieves  another,  the  latter  will  not  enter  the 
receipt  for  quartermaster's  supplies  upon  the  abstract,  but  directly  on  the  return  as 
"Transferred  to  successor."  The  receiving  officer  will  enter  the  invoice  upon  the 
returns  as  "On  hand  at  the  DOst;  received  from  predecessor." 

ARTICLE   LXXIX. 

The  Subsistence  Department.^ 
general  duties. 

1351.  The  Subsistence  Department,  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War, 
provides  for  the  distribution  and  expenditure  of  funds  appropriated  for  subsisting 
enlisted  men  and  for  purchasing  articles  kept  for  sale  to  officers  and  enlisted  men. 
The  Commissary-General  furnishes  lists  of  articles  authorized  to  be  kept  for  sale,  and 
gives  instructions  for  procuring,  distributing,  issuing,  selling,  and  accounting  for  all 
subsistence  supplies. 

COMMISSARIES. 

1352.  Purchasing  commissaries  make  purchases  of  supplies  in  accordance  with 
Article  LV,  and  distribute  them  as  directed.  Upon  direct  calls  of  chief  commissaries 
they  transfer  to  commissaries  of  posts  and  stations  such  funds  from  the  appropriation 
"Subsistence  of  the  Army"  and  such  authorized  subsistence  supplies  as  chief  com- 
missaries, under  instructions  from  department  commanders,  deem  necessary. 

1353.  A  chief  commissary  will  make  calls  npon  purchasing  commissaries  desig- 
nated by  the  Commissary-General  for  funds  and  supplies  for  posts  and  stations  super- 
vised by  him,  and  under  instructions  from  the  Commissary-General  will  furnish  funds 
and  supplies  to  posts  within  his  department  which  are  exempted  from  the  supervision 
of  the  department  commander.  He  will  keep  a  commissary  book  for  each  post  and 
station,  and  decide  whether  the  quantities  of  articles  called  for  on  requisitions  should 
be  allowed,  increased,  or  diminished. 

1  Regulations  for  the  government  of  the  Subsistence  Department,  prepared  and  published  under 
the  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  are  distributed  to  its  officers  by  the  Commissary-General.  Only 
such  regulations  are  herein  given  as  are  general  in  their  nature  or  affect  other  branches  of  the  service. 


SUBSISTENCE    SUPPLIES.  185 

1354.  Commissaries  will  make  timely  estimates  and  requisitions,  approved  by 
their  commanding  officers,  for  funds  and  supplies  for  the  troops  with  which  they 
serve,  and  forward  them,  through  military  channels,  to  the  chief  commissaries.  If 
any  of  the  supplies  can  be  obtained  advantageously  in  the  vicinity  of  the  places 
where  needed,  the  fact  will  be  noted  in  detail  on  the  requisitions  by  the  commissaries. 

SUBSISTENCE   SUPPLIES   IN    BULK. 

1355.  Subsistence  supplies  comprise — 

1.  Subsistence  stores,  consisting  of  articles  composing  the  ration  and  those  furnished 
for  sale  to  officers  and  enlisted  men,  also  lantern  candles  for  stable  use,  forage  for  beef 
cattle,  and  coarse  salt  for  public  animals  and  rebrining. 

2.  Subsistence  property,  consisting  of  the  necessary  means  for  handling,  preserv- 
ing, issuing,  selling,  and  accounting  for  these  stores. 

1356.  The  commanding  officer  of  a  post  will  require  an  inventory  of  subsistence 
stores  on  hand  to  be  made  by  the  commissary  in  person  during  the  last  week  of  each 
month.  If  it  is  not  practicable  for  the  commissary  to  take  the  inventory  within  the 
time  mentioned,  he  will  apply  to  the  commanding  officer  for  the  detail  of  an  officer 
to  take  it,  who  will  certify,  on  the  statement  of  gains  and  wastage,  the  fact  of  detail 
and  the  date  on  which  he  took  the  inventory;  the  commissary  will  certify  to  amounts 
of  gains  and  wastage.  When  such  inventory  indicates  that  stores  are  on  hand  in 
excess  of  the  balances  shown  by  the  return,  the  excess  will  be  taken  up  under  the 
heading  ''Gains."  Deficiencies  (asrestricted  by  paragraph  1368)  will  be  entered  under 
the  heading  "Wastage."  Statements  of  gains  and  wastage  will  be  examined  and 
approved  by  the  commanding  officer. 

The  presence  of  a  commissary  sergeant  at  a  post  does  not  in  any  manner  relieve 
the  commissary  from  responsibility  for  the  care  of  subsistence  supplies.  Command- 
ing officers  of  posts,  according  to  their  responsibilities  and  duties  as  fixed  and  pre- 
scribed by  paragraphs  740  and  R.  832  of  these  regulations,  are  to  carefully  supervise 
the  duties  of  commissaries  at  their  respective  posts  and  not  to  permit  them  to  devolve 
their  duties  in  any  degree  upon  the  commissary  sergeants.  In  cases  of  losses  and 
embezzlements  of  subsistence  stores  or  property,  boards  of  survey,  in  their  proceed- 
ings and  recommendations,  are  to  be  guided  by  the  requirements  of  paragraph. 

ISST.  Stores  longest  on  hand,  if  in  fit  condition,  will  be  first  issued,  sold,  or 
shipped. 

135§.  An  officer  having  on  hand  equivalent  parts  of  the  ration  (such  as  pork, 
bacon,  and  salt  beef;  or  flour,  hard  bread,  and  corn  meal;  or  beans,  pease,  rice,  and 
hominy)  will  keep  informed  as  to  the  number  of  rations  of  each  available,  and 
determine  in  what  relative  proportion  each  should  be  issued,  and  will  request  his 
commanding  officer  to  direct  such  issues  as  are  for  the  interests  of  the  service. 

1359.  When  articles  of  food  in  good  condition  furnished  for  sale  have  accumu- 
lated at  a  post,  and  will  become  damaged  if  kept  on  hand  solely  for  sale,  the  excess 
may  be  issued  to  troops  in  lieu  of  parts  of  the  ration  of  equal  money  value.  In  case 
of  articles  which  are  equivalents  of  some  of  the  components  of  the  ration,  issues  may 
be  made  at  the  rates  prescribed  for  the  components.  No  stores  thus  issued  are  to  be 
bought  by  the  commissary  as  savings. 

1 360.  When  canned  beef  or  canned  baked  beans  accumulate  at  a  post  in  excess 
of  anticipated  demands  for  travel  rations  or  for  sale,  they  may,  to  prevent  loss  by 
deterioration,  be  issued,  upon  the  order  of  the  commanding  officer,  at  the  rates  pre- 
scribed for  those  articles  when  issued  as  parts  of  the  travel  ration. 

1361.  Subsistence  supplies  in  good  condition,  but  not  required  for  use,  will  l)e 
disposed  of  under  the  direction  of  the  Commissary-General.     In  urgent  cases,  such 


186  TEANSFERS,   GAINS,   WASTAGE,    AND    DEFICIENCIES. 

as  sudden  abandonment  of  a  post,  liability  to  rapid  deterioration,  etc.,  they  may  be 
sold,  or  otlierwise  properly  disposed  of,  on  the  recommendation  of  an  inspecting 
oflScer  approved  by  a  commanding  general. 

1 362.  Empty  barrels  and  boxes,  hides,  tallow,  and  other  like  property  not  required 
for  public  use,  the  disposal  of  which  is  not  otherwise  provided  for,  will  be  carefully 
preserved  and  sold  as  may  be  convenient. 

1363.  Subsistence  supplies  will  not  be  transferred  gratuitously  to  another  staff 
department,  nor  obtained,  issued,  sold,  or  otherwise  disposed  of,  except  as  authorized 
by  regulations. 

TRANSFERS   IN    BULK. 

1364.  AVhen  subsistence  supplies  are  to  be  transported,  the  invoicing  commissary 
will  make  timely  requisition  in  writing  upon  the  proper  quartermaster,  stating  as 
nearly  as  possible  the  kind  and  amount  of  supplies  to  be  transported,  when  they  will 
be  ready  for  delivery,  when  they  should  reach  their  destination,  and  any  other  infor- 
mation relating  thereto  which  the  quartermaster  should  possess.  The  commissary 
will  give  the  quartermaster  invoices  in  duplicate  of  the  packages  and  their  contents 
as  marked  and  obtam  from  him  receipts  in  duplicate.  The  commissary  will  for- 
ward similar  invoices  in  duplicate  to  the  consignee  and  obtain  receipts  in  duplicate 
from  him. 

1365.  If  the  receiving  commissary  finds  any  discrepancy  between  the  invoices 
and  the  quantities,  descriptions,  or  condition  of  the  supplies  received,  not  attributa- 
ble to  ordinary  wastage  in  transportation,  he  will  at  once  apply  to  the  commanding 
officer  for  a  board  of  survey  to  ascertain  the  quantity  and  nature  of  the  discrepancy 
and  fix  the  responsibility  therefor.  The  receiving  commissary  will  transmit  to  the 
invoicing  officer  receipts  in  duplicate  for  the  supplies  actually  received,  stating  on 
the  receipts  the  discrepancy  ascertained  and  how,  and  will  file  a  copy  of  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  board  with  his  return.  The  invoicing  officer  will  file  with  his  return  the 
receipts  accompanied  by  the  quartermaster's  receipts. 

1366.  When  subsistence  supplies  are  transferred  by  one  commissary  to  another 
at  the  same  station,  the  invoicing  and  receiving  commissaries  will  exchange  dupli- 
cate invoices  and  receipts  therefor.  Should  any  of  the  supplies  not  be  in  good  con- 
dition, a  board  of  survey  will  be  applied  for  at  once  to  examine  and  report  upon 
them.  The  condition  as  determined  by  the  board  will  be  noted  upon  the  invoices 
and  receipts,  and  a  copy  of  the  proceedings  will  accompany  each  officer's  returns. 

GAINS,  WASTAGE,  AND    DEFICIENCIES. 

1367.  Wastage  will  be  reported  not  on  the  presumption  that  it  exists  or  will 
exist,  but  on  the  fact  that  it  actually  exists  as  determined  by  the  monthly  inventory. 
It  is  not  allowed  on  fresh  beef  furnished  directly  by  a  contractor.  Gains  are  taken 
up  as  required  by  paragraph  1356. 

136§.  Actual,  unavoidable  wastage,  occurring  during  transportation  or  resulting 
from  evaporation,  leakage,  etc.,  or  in  making  issues  and  sales,  may  be  accounted  for 
as  wastage  when  the  amount  does  not  exceed  three  per  cent  in  case  of  salt  meats, 
salt  fish,  flour,  hard  bread,  corn  meal,  sugar,  soap,  salt,  molasses,  syrup,  dried  fruit, 
or  pickles;  or  one  per  cent  in  case  of  beans,  pease,  rice,  hominy,  coffee,  tea,  candles, 
or  pepper. 

1369.  Salt  and  vinegar  used  in  rebrining  or  pickling,  and  waste  of  stores  in  over- 
hauling and  repacking,  will  be  accounted  for  by  the  certificate  of  the  commissary 
approved  by  the  commanding  officer. 


DEFICIENCIES,   STOKEHOUSES,   FRESH    MEATS,   THE    RATION.     187 

1370.  Deficiencies  exceeding  the  percentages  specified  in  paragraph  1367,  or  in 
articles  for  which  a  hinit  of  wastage  is  not  therein  indicated,  or  arising  from  losses 
by  straying  or  death  of  beeves,  or  errors  in  their  estimated  net  weight,  or  from  losses 
by  theft,  fire,  or  vermin,  or  from  deficient  or  unsuitable  means  of  storage,  etc.,  will  be 
accounted  for  (1)  by  boards  of  survey;  (2)  by  affidavits;  (3)  by  certificates  of  dis- 
interested conmiiswioned  officers.  Boards  of  survey  should  generally  report  upon 
such  deficiencies,  affidavits  or  certificates  being  used  only  in  cases  where  the  amount 
involved  is  very  small,  or  when  it  is  impriacticable  to  assemble  a  board. 

1371.  The  facts  and  quantities  involved  will  be  fully  set  forth  in  all  affidavits  or 
certificates  accounting  for  losses  or  extraordinary  wastage,  and  in  certificates  of  stores 
or  property  expended  in  preserving  supplies.  When  loss  or  improper  issue  of  sup- 
plies is  not  satisfactorily  explained,  their  cost  will  be  taken  up  on  the  account  current 
of  the  accountable  officer. 

1372.  Corn  brooms  worn  out  in  the  service  in  the  Subsistence  Department  may 
be  dropped  from  theTeturns  of  subsistence  property  without  the  action  of  a  board  of 
survey  or  of  an  inspecting  officer. 

STOREHOUSES. 

1373.  Storehouses,  sheds,  paulins,  or  other  means  of  covering  and  protecting 
subsistence  supplies  will  ordinarily  be  provided  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department. 

1374.  Commissaries  will  make  daily  inspections  of  their  storehouses;  see  that 
they  are  kept  dry  and  well  ventilated;  that  the  stores  are  properly  cared  for;  that 
barrels  and  buckets  of  water  and  other  means  of  extinguishing  fires  are  ready  for  use, 
and  that  all  proper  precautions  are  taken  to  guard  against  loss. 

1375.  Coal  oil,  gunpowder,  quicklime,  or  other  articles  of  like  dangerous  nature 
will  not  be  kept  in  or  near  subsistence  storehouses. 

FRESH    MEATS. 

1376.  Fresh  meats  fiom  the  block  will  usually  be  provided  for  troops  by  con- 
tract. Beef  cattle  will  be  purchased  only  when  necessary  for  supplying  beef  to  troops 
in  campaign  or  on  the  march. 

THE  RATION. 

1377.  A  ration  is  the  allowance  for  the  subsistence  of  one  person  for  one  day  and 
varies  in  components  according  to  the  station  of  the  troops  or  the  nature  of  the  duty 
performed,  being  severally  known  as  the  garrison  ration,  the  field  ration,  the  travel 
ration,  and  the  emergency  ration.  The  garrison  ration  is  issued  to  troops  in  garrison 
or  in  permanent  camps,  the  field  ration  to  troops  in  the  field  in  active  campaign,  the 
travel  ration  to  troops  traveling  otherwise  than  by  marching  or,  when  for  short  periods, 
they  are  separated  from  cooking  facilities,  and  the  emergency  ration  to  troops  in 
active  campaign  for  use  on  emergent  occasions. 

1 37§.  Enlisted  men,  prisoners  of  war,  military  prisoners  at  posts,  hospital  matrons, 
and  nurses  in  the  Nurse  Corps  are  each  entitled  to  one  ration  in  kind  per  day,  accord- 
ing to  the  station  or  the  nature  of  the  service,  except  that  nurses  are  not  entitled  to 
rations  while  traveling;  and  when  the  rate  of  pay  of  a  civilian  employed  with  the 
Army  does  not  exceed  $60  per  month,  and  the  circumstances  of  his  service  make  it 
necessary,  and  the  terms  of  his  engagement  provide  for  it,  there  may  be  issued  to  him, 
in  kind,  one  garrison  or  field  ration  per  day,  according  to  the  exigencies  of  the  case. 

1379.  Rations  will  be  furnished  to  officers  and  men  of  the  Marine  Corps  and  to 
officers  and  seamen  of  the  Navy  when  acting,  or  proceeding  to  act,  in  cooperation 
with  the  land  forces  of  the  United  States,  in  conformity  to  the  requirements  of  sec- 
tion 1143  of  the  Revised  Statutes. 


188 


THE    GABBISON   RATIOK. 


13§0.  The  kinds  and  quantities  of  articles  composing. the  garrison  ration,  the 
field  ration,  and  the  travel  ration,  and  the  quantities  computed  for  100  rations,  are 
as  follows: 

1.  GARRISON  RATION. 


Articles. 


MEAT  COMPONENTS. 


Fresh  beef 

or  fresh  mutton,  when  the  cosl  does  not 
exceed  that  of  beef 

or  bacon 

or  canned  meat,  when  impracticable  to  fur- 
nish fresh  meat 

or  dried  fish 

or  pickled  fish 

or  canned  fish 


BKEAD  COMPONENTS. 


Flour 

or  soft  bread 

or  hard  bread,  to  be  ordered  issued  only  when 

impracticable  to  use  flour  or  soft  bread 

or  corn  meal 


VEGETABLE   COMPONENTS. 2 


Beans  

or  pease 

or  rice 

or  hominy ■- 

Potatoes 

or  potatoes  12|  ounces  and  onions  3^  ounces  . . 

or  potatoes  12|  ounces  and  canned  tomatoes  3| 
ounces 

or  potatoes  llj  ounces  and  other  fresh  vegeta- 
bles (not  canned)  4|  ounces,  when  they  can 
be  obtained  in  the  vicinity  or  transported 
in  a  wholesome  condition  from  a  distance. . 

or  desiccated  vegetables,^  when  impracticable 
to  furnish  fresh  vegetables 


FRUIT  COMPONENT. 


Dried  or  evaporated  fruits  (prunes,  apples,  or 
peaches),  30  per  cent  of  the  issue  to  be  prunes, 
when  practicable 


COFFEE  AND  SUGAR   COMPONENTS. 


Coffee,  green 

or  roasted  and  ground  coffee. 

or  tea,  black  or  green 

Sugar 


SEASONING  COMPONENTS. 


Vinegar  

or  vinegar  5%  gill  and  cucumber  pickles  5^  gill . 


Salt. 
Pepper,  black 


SOAP  AND  CANDLE  COMPONENTS. 


Soap 

Candles 4  (when  illumination  is  not  furnished  by 
the  Quartermaster's  Department) 


Quantities  per 
ration. 


Ounces. 


Gills. 


2g 
21 
1? 
1§ 

16 

16 


16 
2§ 


Quantities  per  100  rations. 


Pounds.    Ounces.    Gallons, 


125 

125 
75 

100 
87 
112 
100 


112 
112 


100 
125 


15 
15 
10 
10 
100 
100 


100 
15 


10 


1  In  Alaska,  16  ounces  bacon  or,  when  desired,  16  ounces  salt  pork  or  22  ounces  salt  beef. 

2  In  Alaska  the  allowance  of  fresh  vegetables  will  be  24  ounces  instead  of  16  ounces. 

3  In  Alaska,  3|  ounces  instead  of  2f  ounces. 

4  In  Alkska,  ^^  ounce  instead  of  ^^  ounce. 


THE  FIELD  EATION,  THE  TRAVEL  RATION.        189 

2.  FIELD  RATION. 


Articles. 

Quantities  per 
ration. 

Quantities  per  100  rations. 

Ounces. 

GiUa. 

Pounds. 

Ounces. 

Gallons. 

MEAT  COMPONENTS. 

Fresh  beef  or  mutton,  when  procurable  locally 

20 

16 

12 

18 
18 
16 

I 

2? 
If 
16 

16 
2f 

2| 

5.% 

If 

J 

125 

100 
75 

112 

112 

100 

4 

or  canned  meat,  when  fresh  meat  can  not  be 
procured  locally 

BREAD   COMPONENTS. 

Flour 

8 
8 

or  hard  bread 

Baking  powder,  when  ovens  are  not  available 

or  hops,  when  ovens  are  available 

2 
4 

or  dried  or  compressed  yeast,  when  ovens  are 
available 

VEGETABLE  COMPONENTS. 

Beans 

15 

10 

100 

100 
15 

15 

32 

8 

8 

2 

^20 

or  rice 

Potatoes,  when  procurable  locally 

or  potatoes  12^  ounces,  and  onions  3^  ounces, 
when  procurable  locally 

or  desiccated  potatoes 



or  desiccated  potatoes  Iff  ounces,  and  desic- 
cated onions  ^f  ounce 

or  desiccated  potatoes  Iff  ounces,  and  canned 
tomatoes  3^  ounces 

FRUIT  COMPONENT. 

Jam,  in  cans 

12 

COFFEE  AND  SUGAR  COMPONENTS. 

Coffee,  roasted  and  ground 

or  tea,  black  or  green 

Sugar 

SEASONING  COMPONENTS. 

Vinegar  

t 

1 

or  vinegar  ^  gill,  and  cucumber  pickles  -^  gill. 

1 

Salt 

•    8 
t 

4 

Pepper,  black 

4 

SOAP  AND  CANDLE  COMPONENTS. 

Soap 

4 

1 

Candles 

' 

3.  TRAVEL  RATION. 


Articles. 


Soft  bread 

or  hard  bread .^ 

Canned  corned  beef,  or  corn  beef  hash 

Baked  beans 

Canned  tomatoes 

Coffee,  roasted  and  ground 

Sugar 


Per  100  ra- 
tions. 


Pounds. 
112* 
100 
100 
25 
50 
8 
15 


13§1.  Food  on  transports  for  troops  traveling  will  be  prepared  from  the  articles 
of  subsistence  stores  which  compose  the  ration  for  troops  in  garrison,  varied  by  the 
substitution  of  other  articles  of  authorized  subsistence  stores  of  equal  money  value 
when  required.     No  savings  will  be  allowed  to  troops  on  transports. 

13§I2.  Troops  on  active  campaign  will  be  supplied  with  an  emergency  ration, 
prepared  under  direction  of  the  War  Department,  which  will  not  be  used  at  any 


190  THE    TRAVEL    RATION,    LIQUID    COFFEE. 

time  or  place  where  regular  rations  are  obtainable.  It  will  be  carried  in  the  liaver- 
sack  or  saddlebags,  and  accounted  for  at  inspection,  etc.,  by  the  soldier.  It  will  not 
be  opened  except  by  order  of  an  officer,  or  in  extremity.  If  improperly  opened  or 
lost  the  money  value  will  be  charged  against  the  soldier. 

1383.  Fresh  meats  will  ordinarly  be  issued  seven  days  in  ten  and  salt  meats  three 
days  in  ten."  If  fish  (dried,  pickled,  or  canned)  is  issued  it  will  be  in  substitution  of 
salt  meat.  The  proportion  of  the  meat  issues  to  troops  may  be  varied  at  the  discre 
tion  of  department  commanders,  not,  however,  without  due  consideration  being 
given  to  the  equitable  rights  of  contractors  engaged  in  furnishing  fresh  meats  to  the 
troops  under  their  commands.  Whenever  the  issue  of  both  the  fresh  meat  and 
vegetable  components  is  impracticable,  there  may  be  issued  in  lieu  of  them  canned 
fresh-beef-and-vege table  stew,  at  the  rate  of  28 J  ounces  to  the  ration.  The  meat 
component  to  which  the  sick  in  hospital,  drawing  rations  in  kind,  are  entitled  may, 
at  the  discretion  of  the  medical  officer,  be  called  for  and  issued  wholly  in  fresh  beef, 
or  partly  in  fresh  beef  and  partly  in  salt  meats. 

1384.  When  troops  are  not  supplied  with  fresh  or  desiccated  vegetables  in  kind 
by  the  commissary,  or  when  under  paragraph  354  the  troops  raise  vegetables  for  their 
own  use  in  post  gardens,  and  such  use  does  not  prejudice  the  interests  of  any  con- 
tractor under  his  contract  for  supplying  fresh  vegetables  to  the  post,  commutation  of 
the  fresh  vegetable  portion  of  their  rations  will  be  allowed  by  the  commissary  at  the 
prices  of  potatoes  and  onions  in  the  vicinity  of  the  post,  or  in  the  market  from  which 
the  post  is  supplied,  in  the  proportion  of  80  per  cent  of  potatoes  and  20  per  cent  of 
onions,  the  commutation  prices  being  determined  monthly  by  the  chief  commissary 
of  the  department  in  which  the  post  is  situated.  W^here  the  raising  of  vegetables  in  a 
post  garden  is  contemplated  the  post  commissary,  with  the  approval  of  the  post  com- 
mander, will  notify  the  chief  commissary  of  the  period  during  which  the  post  garden 
will  be  relied  upon  for  vegetables,  and  that  period  will  be  excepted  from  the  opera- 
tion of  any  contract  that  may  be  made  for  supplying  vegetables  to  the  post. 

1385.  At  posts  and  stations  where  illumination  is  furnished  by  the  quartermas- 
ter's department,  candles  are  not  issued  as  part  of  the  ration  except  to  individuals 
whom  it  is  not  practicable  for  that  department  to  supply  with  illuminants. 

13§6.  W^hen  troops  supplied  with  travel  rations  arrive  at  their  destination  or 
rejoin  their  station,  such  of  the  travel  rations  furnished  them  in  excess  of  the  time 
actually  consumed  by  the  journey  as  may  be  in  good  condition  will  be  turned  in  to 
the  commissary  in  exchange  for  the  regular  ration,  and  subsistence  upon  the  latter 
will  thereupon  be  immediately  resumed. 

1387.  In  adjusting  charges  to  be  made  against  enlisted  men  or  others  on  account 
of  increased  expense  to  the  Government  for  their  subsistence,  the  value  of  the  garri- 
son or  field  ration  will  be  estimated  at  '20  cents  each ;  that  of  the  travel  ration  at  40 
cents. 

LIQUID   COFFEE. 

1388.  When  enlisted  men  supplied  with  cooked  or  travel  rations  travel  unaccom- 
panied by  an  officer,  funds  for  the  purchase  of  liquid  coffee  in  lieu  of  the  coffee  and 
sugar  portion  of  the  travel  ration,  at  the  rate  of  21  cents  per  day  for  the  anticipated 
number  of  days'  travel,  may,  on  the  order  of  the  commanding  officer  who  directs  the 
journey,  be  paid  to  each  man  and  his  receipt  therefor  taken  on  a  receipt  roll,  which 
must  be  accompanied  by  a  copy  of  the  order.  When  enlisted  man  supplied  with 
cooked  or  travel  rations  travels  under  command  of  an  officer,  funds  at  the  same  rate 
for  the  same  purpose  will  be  transferred  to  him,  to  be  disbursed  and  accounted  for. 
At  the  end  of  the  journey  all  money  in  excess  of  21  cents  per  day  per  man  for  the 
actual  number  of  days  traveled  will  be  transferred  to  the  nearest  commissary. 
Should  any  part  of  the  21  cents  per  day  per  man  for  the  actual  number  of  days 
traveled  be  unexpended,  it  will  be  transferred  to  company  commanders  pro  rata,  to 
be  taken  up  by  them  as  part  of  the  company  fund. 


ISSUES    OF    RATIONS.  191 


ISSUES    OP   RATIONS. 


13§9.  Issues  of  rations  to  troops  will  be  made  on  ration  returns  signed  by  the 
immediate  commanders  of  the  organizations,  and  the  issues  ordered  by  the  com- 
manding officer  of  the  post  or  station.  Ration  returns  will  be  made,  ordinarily,  for 
a  few  days  at  a  time,  for  the  individuals  of  the  organizations  actually  present,  and 
for  only  such  quantities  as  the  organizations  can  receive  and  properly  care  for,  and 
will  be  presented  at  the  place  where  and  time  when  rations  are  due.  Rations  will 
not  be  issued  for  a  past  period  if  troops  have  been  sufficiently  subsisted,  nor  will 
ba(!k  rations  be  purchased  as  savings. 

1390.  Ration  returns  (Form  No.  53,  Subsistence  Department)  will,  whenever 
practicable,  be  made  and  submitted  with  the  morning  reports  on  the  following  dates 
and  will  cover  the  following  ration  periods:  On  the  day  preceding  the  first  day  of  the 
month,  for  the  ration  period  from  the  first  to  the  tenth  day  of  the  month,  both  days 
inclusive;  on  the  tenth  day  of  the  month,  for  the  ration  period  from  the  eleventh  to 
the  twentieth  day  of  the  month,  both  days  inclusive;  on  the  twentieth  day  of  the 
month,  for  the  ration  period  from  the  twenty-first  to  the  last  day  of  the  month,  both 
days  inclusive;  and  will  be  based  upon  the  full  strength  present  on  the  days  of  sub- 
mission as  shown  by  the  accompanying  morning  reports  for  those  days.  Command- 
ing officers  of  organizations  will  give  special  attention  to  the  duty  of  adding  and 
deducting  rations  on  the  returns  on  account  of  men  joining  and  leaving  during  the 
immediately  preceding  ration  periods,  and  post  and  regimental  commanders  before 
approving  such  returns  for  issue  will  cause  the  additions  and  deductions  thereon  to 
be  verified  from  the  morning  reports  on  file.  The  days  for  drawing  the  rations  from 
the  commissary  will  be  fixed  by  the  post  or  brigade  commander. 

1391.  The  ration  as  issued  to  troops  will  be  issued  on  ration  returns,  signed  by 
the  medical  officer  in  charge  and  approved  by  the  commanding  officer,  to  the  hos- 
pital corps,  the  hospital  matrons,  the  nurses  of  the  nurse  corps,  and  to  such  patients 
in  hospital  as  can  be  subsisted  on  the  ration  as  ordinarily  issued. 

1392.  The  medical  officer  in  charge  of  a  general,  post,  or  camp  hospital,  hospital 
ship,  or  transport  carrying  patients  is  authorized  to  purchase,  under  the  laws  and 
regulations  relating  to  purchases  of  subsistence  stores,  such  articles  of  food,  both 
solid  and  liquid,  not  carried  in  stock  by  the  subsistence  officer  who  issues  rations  to 
the  hospital,  and  to  call  upon  such  subsistence  officer  for  the  issue  of  such  quantities 
of  articles  from  the  stock  already  on  hand  as,  in  the  judgment  of  the  medical  officer, 
are  required  for  the  diet  of  enlisted  patients  under  his  charge  who  are  too  sick  to  be 
subsisted  on  the  ration  as  ordinarily  issued;  the  total  combined  money  value  of  the 
stores  hereby  authorized  to  be  purchased  and  issued  as  above  in  any  month  not  to 
exceed  the  rate,  calculated  on  the  month's  transactions,  of  40  cents  per  man  per 
day  for  those  actually  requiring  special  diet.  Subsistence  officers  are  authorized  to 
pay  all  duly  certified  bills  of  purchases  made  by  mecljcal  officers  under  the  provisions 
of  this  paragraph,  or  to  make  the  purchases  themselves  at  the  request  of  the  medical 
officers,  and  to  make  issues  for  special  diet  hereunder  from  stores  on  hand  at  their 
request,  provided  the  rate  of  40  cents  per  man  per  day  for  those  enlisted  men  actu- 
ally requiring  special  diet  is  not  exceeded  in  any  month. 

1393.  When  a  ration  has  been  drawn  by  the  hospital  for  an  enlisted  patient  for 
a  ration  period  and  it  becomes  necessary  during  that  period  to  put  him  uixm  special 
diet,  due  deductions  will  be  made  by  the  surgeon  in  charge  on  the  next  ration  return 
of  the  hospital  for  the  rations  unused  by  him;  and,  reciprocally,  when  a  patient  on 
special  diet  has  been  restored  in  a  ration  period  to  regular  diet,  the  necessary  addi- 
tions will  be  made  on  the  next  ration  return  of  the  hospital  for  the  rations  used  by 
him.  The  object  of  this  rule  is  to  prevent  the  hospital  from  having  the  benefit  of 
the  rations  of  enlisted  men  for  the  period  they  may  be  put  upon  special  diet,  and  to 
give  the  benefit  of  an  issue  of  rations  where  men  have  been  restored  to  regular  diet 
when  rations  had  not  been  drawn  for  them. 

1394.  Medical  officers  having  enlisted  patients  on  special  diet  will  make  return 
of  such  patients  at  the  end  of  each  month  on  Form  No.  69,  Subsistence  Department, 


192  ISSUES    OF    RATIONS. 

and  send  the  same  to  the  subsistence  officer.  After  the  subsistence  officer  has 
entered  the  vouchers  for  purchases  and  the  articles  issued  for  special  diet  and 
deduced  the  rate  per  man  per  day  which  the  special  diet  for  the  month  has  cost,  the 
certificates  at  the  foot  of  the  form  will  be  duly  executed  by  the  medical  officer  and 
the  subsistence  officer;  and  the  medical  officer  will  file  with  the  subsistence  officer 
Form  No.  69  and  with  it  the  report  required  by  paragraph  648  of  these  regulations, 
of  emergency  or  open-market  purchases  of  subsistence  stores  made  by  him,  which 
will  be  made  out  on  Form  No.  9  or  9i,  Subsistence  Department,  and  signed  by  him. 
As  articles  of  special  diet  authorized  by  this  order  are  immediately  expendable  by 
the  medical  officers,  Form  No.  69,  when  duly  executed,  will  be  accepted  by  the 
Commissary-General  of  Subsistence  as  the  return  of  the  medical  officer  for  the  sub- 
sistence stores  involved.  Purchase  vouchers  certified  by  medical  officers  will  state 
that  the  stores  will  be  accounted  for  "on  Form  No.  69,  to  be  filed  with  the  account 
current  of —  for  the  month  of ,  190-. ' ' 

1395.  The  formation  of  a  hospital  fund  from  articles  purchased  for  special  diet 
for  enlisted  men  too  sick  to  use  the  army  ration,  or  the  application  of  such  articles 
to  uses  other  than  those  for  which  intended,  is  prohibited.  Such  articles  will,  as  far 
as  practicable,  be  procured  in  quantities  sufficient  for  the  needs  of  specific  patients 
only,  and  no  large  accumulations  will  be  made.  Nothing  in  this  regulation  Avill  be 
construed  to  prevent  the  maintenance  of  a  hospital  fund  from  savings  of  the  rations 
of  the  Hospital  Corps,  and  the  patients  who  do  not  require  special  diet. 

1396.  The  subsistence  officer  who  pays  for  purchases  of  articles  of  special  diet 
under  this  order  will  enter  in  a  group,  on  his  abstract  of  disbursements  (Form  No.  5) , 
all  such  payments  made  in  the  month,  and  will  enter  the  articles  as  "  Hospital  sup- 
plies" in  the  column  headed  "  On  what  account." 

1397.  The  return  of  enlisted  patients  and  abstract  of  issues,  etc.  (Form  No.  69), 
will  be  filed  with  the  monthly  account  current  of  the  subsistence  officer.  The 
articles  issued  from  stock  on  hand  thereon  reported  will  be  properly  entered  on  his 
return  of  subsistence  stores  as  "Special  diet  in  hospital." 

1398.  Issues  of  rations  to  civilians  employed  with  the  Army  will  be  made  on 
ration  returns  signed  by  the  officers  in  charge  of  the  employees,  when  ordered  by 
the  commanding  officer. 

1399.  Issues  of  rations  will  be  made  in  the  full  net  weight  or  measure  of  the 
articles  called  for.  Articles  required  for  consumption  will  be  removed  from  the 
storehouse.  Those  remaining  will  be  settled  for  as  savings,  under  paragraphs  1407, 
1408,  and  1409.  No  articles  once  removed  from  the  storehouse  will  be  purchased  as 
savings,  except  on  the  order  of  the  commanding  officer. 

1400.  When  one,  two,  or  three  enlisted  men  travel  under  orders,  the  travel 
order  of  each  man  will  have  indorsed  on  it  the  certificate  of  his  commanding  officer 
as  to  the  time  to  which  he  was  last  rationed,  etc.,  in  the  form  prescribed  by  para- 
graph 1418,  and  if  commutation  of  rations  is  allowed  it  will  be  paid  in  the  manner 
directed  by  that  paragraph.  Travel  orders  retained  by  soldiers  will  be  turned  over 
to  the  commissary  from  whom  rations  are  next  to  be  drawn,  who  will  filq.  them  with 
his  abstract  of  issues,  or  his  receipt  roll  of  commutation  paid,  as  the  case  may  require. 
When  any  considerable  detachment  of  enlisted  men  leaves  a  post  or  command  the 
detachment  commander  will  be  furnished  by  the  commissary  with  a  ration  certifi- 
cate giving  the  number  of  men  and  the  organizations  to  which  they  belong,  and  set- 
ting forth  the  date  to  which,  and  by  whom,  rations  were  last  issued  for  them,  which 
ration  certificate  will  be  presented  to  the  commissary  from  whom  rations  are  next 
drawn,  who  will  file  it  with  his  abstract  of  issues.  Employees  entitled  to  rations 
are,  when  detached,  furnished  with  ration  certificates. 

1401.  When  a  person  entitled  to  rations  leaves  an  organization  or  is  ordered  to 
travel  with  travel  rations,  the  rations  issued  to  him  for  any  period  beyond  the  date 
of  his  leaving,  and  not  taken  with  him,  will  be  deducted  on  the  next  ration  return  of 
the  organization.     The  name  pf  the  person,  with  a  statement  of  the  facts,  will  be 


ISSUES    OF   RATIONS OTHEK    ISSUES. 


193 


entered  on  the  ration  return.  The  ration  return  of  an  organizati<jn  will  inchide  all 
persons  belonging  to  it  who  are  to  draw  their  rations  separately;  the  names  of  such 
persons  will  be  written  on  the  ration  return. 

1402.  At  a  post  where  a  general  mess  is  established,  the  issues  ordered  by  the 

post  commander  to  be  made  to  the  command  for  a  ration  period  will  be  entered  on 
the  outer  fold  of  a  ration  return,  and  the  separate  ration  returns  of  the  organizations 
composing  the  command  for  the  period  will  be  inclosed  in  this  ration  return  aa  a 
wrapper.  The  entry  of  such  an  issue  on  the  abstract  of  issues  will  show  the  several 
organizations  for  which  the  issue  was  ordered,  giving  the  strength  of  each,  a,s  well  aa 
the  detailed  information  as  to  additions  and  deductions  contained  in  the  separate 
ration  returns. 


OTHER    ISSUES   OF  SUBSISTENCE  STORES. 

'I03.  The  following  issues  are  made  when  necessary  for  the  public  service: 


Articles. 


Allowance. 


Quantity 
in  bulk. 


Equivalent 
in  rations. 


1.  Candles,  wnenoil  for  illuminating  purposes  is  not  furnished  by  the  Quar- 

termaster's Department: 

To  headquarters  of  a  department,  per  month 

To  headquarters  in  the  field — 

Of  each  separate  army,  when  composed  of  more  than  one  corps, 

per  month 

Of  an  army  corps^per  month 

Of  a  division,  per  month 

Of  a  brigade  or  regiment,  per  month 

Of  a  battalion  or  squadron,  per  month 

To  a  division  hospital,  per  month 

To  a  brigade  hospital,  per  month 

To  a  regimental  hospital,  per  month 

To  officers  and  storerooms — 

Of  the  chief  quartermaster  or  chief  commissary  of  a  department 

or  depot  of  supply,  from  April  1  to  September  30,  per  month 

Of  the  q[uartermaster  or  commisstiry  of  a  post,  from  April  1  to  Sep- 
tember 30,  per  month 

From  October  1  to  March  31,  not  exceeding  double  the  above 
quantities. 
To  guards— 

To  the  principal  guard  of  each  camp,  per  month 

2.  Lantern  candles: 

To  stables- 
Such  number  of  jjounds  as  the  commanding  officer  may  order  as 
necessary. 

3.  Salt: 

For  public  animals — 

For  each  animal,  per  week 

Or,  when  in  the  opinion  of  the  commanding  officer  so  much  is 
necessary,  not  exceeding,  per  month 

4.  Vinegar: 

For  every  100  public  horses  or  mules,  for  sanitary  purposes- 
Such  amount  as  the  commanding  officer  may  order  as  necessary, 
not  exceeding,  per  week 

5.  Flour: 

For  paste  used  in  target  practice — 

Such  quantity  as  the  commanding  officer  may  order  as  necassary, 
not  to  exceed  50  pounds  for  each  troop,  battery,  or  company 
during  the  target-practice  season. 
(i.  Matches: 

For  lighting  fires  and  lamps  for  which  fuel  and  illuminating  supplies 
are  issued^ 
Such  quantities  as  the  commanding  officer  may  order  as  necessary. 

7.  Towels,  buck: 

For  use  in  the  offices  of  the  adjutant,  quartermaster,  and  commissary- 
Such  number  as  the  commanding  officer  may  order,  not  to  exceed 
twelve  per  year,  for  each  of  the  above  offices. 

8.  Toilet  paper: 

For  use  of  enlisted  men  stationed  at  such  military  posts  and  camps  as 
are  provided  with  modem  water-closets  with  sewer  connectioTis— 
For  each  two  enlisted  men,  per  month,  one  package  or  roll  of 
1,000  sheets. 


30  pounds 


40  pounds 
30  pounds 
20  pounds 
10  pounds 
10  pounds 
40  pounds 
30  pounds 
20  pounds 


10  pounds 
5  pounds . 


12  pounds . 


2  ounces  . 
12  ounces 

2  gallons . 


2,000 


2,667 
2,000 
1,333 
667 
667 
2,667 
2.000 


667 


800 


200 


22778— US- 


IS 


194  ISSUES    OF    SUBSISTENCE    STORES. 

The  issues  are  made  on  ration  returns  signed  by  the  officer  in  charge  and  issues  are 
ordered  by  the  commanding  officer,  the  latter  determining  what  quantities,  within 
the  Hmits  above  prescribed,  shall  be  issued.  Candles,  salt,  vinegar,  and  flour  for  the 
above  purposes  are  entered  on  the  ration  returns  and  on  the  abstract  of  issues  in 
terms  of  rations,  lantern  candles  in  pounds,  and  matches  in  boxes.  The  returns  and 
abstract  show  for  what  places  the  candles,  towels,  and  toilet  paper  are  intended,  and 
the  number  of  animals  and  period  for  which  salt  and  vinegar  are  drawn,  giving  the 
troop,  battery,  etc.,  to  which  they  belong.  Towels  will  be  issued  on  receipts  to  the 
commissary.  They  will  not  be  accounted  for  on  the  returns  of  the  officers  receiving 
them,  but  will  be  continued  in  use  until  worn  out. 

1404.  Issues  of  toilet,  barbers',  laundry,  and  tailors'  articles  for  general  prison- 
ers confined  at  military  posts  without  pay  or  allowances,  and  recruits  at  recruiting 
stations  are  made,  as  follows: 

1.  Such  of  tlie  following  articles  as  may  be  necessary,  not  to  exceed  in  value  50 
cents  per  month  for  each  general  prisoner,  will  be  issued  by  commissaries  on  the  15tb 
day  of  each  month  to  the  officer  in  charge  of  prisoners,  viz: 

Beeswax,  Mugs,  shaving, 

Blacking,  shoe,  Needles, 

Brooms,  whisk,  Eazors, 

Brushes,  blacking,  Eazor  strops. 

Brushes,  hair.  Scissors, 

Brushes,  shaving,  Soap,  issue. 

Brushes,  tooth,  Soap,  shaving. 

Buttons,  '  Thread, 

Combs,  fine,  Toilet  paper. 

Combs,  horn,  Toweling,  unbleached. 

Requisitions  for  these  articles  will  set  forth  the  number  of  general  prisoners  present 
at  the  post  and  must  be  approved  by  the  post  commander.  The  receipt  of  the  officer 
in  charge  will  be  the  commissary's  voucher  for  dropping  the  articles  from  his  return. 
No  articles  issued  under  this  paragraph,  except  toothbrushes,  fine  combs,  buttons, 
and  thread,  will  be  carried  away  by  prisoners  when  transferred  or  discharged. 
Towels  used  by  prisoners  will  be  laundered  by  those  w^ho  use  them.  When  specially 
authorized  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  Subsistence  Department  will  supply  to  posts 
where  thirty  or  more  general  prisoners  are  confined  a  sewing  machine  and  other 
necessary  tailors'  utensils  for  use  in  mending  prisoners'  clothing. 

2.  A  recruiting  officer  stationed  elsewhere  than  at  a  military  post  is  authorized  to 
purchase  such  of  the  following  articles  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  use  of  all  the 
recruits  at  his  station,  at  an  expense  not  exceeding  70  cents  per  month,  namely: 

Blacking,  shoe,  Combs,  coarse  horn, 

Brooms,  whisk.  Toilet  paper. 

Brushes,  blacking,  Toweling,  unbleached. 
Brushes,  hair. 

If  the  officer  is  supplied  with  subsistence  funds,  he  will  pay  the  vouchers  made 
out  on  Form  No.  8,  the  certificate  thereon  being  properly  modified,  and  will  report 
the  purchase  on  Form  No,  9,  as  required  by  paragraph  648,  If  not  supplied  with 
funds  he  will  send  the  duly  certified  vouchers  for  payment  to  the  chief  commissary 
of  the  department  in  which  the  recruiting  station  is  located,  accompanied  by  a  report 
on  Form  No.  9,  The  towels  in  use  by  recruits  at  recruiting  stations  will  be  laun- 
dered at  the  expense  of  the  Quartermaster's  Department. 

3.  At  a  recruiting  station  at  a  military  post  such  quantities  of  unbleached  toweling, 
not  exceeding  twelve  yards  for  a  six  months'  supply,  and  such  quantity  of  issue  soap 
as  may  be  necessary,  will  be  issued  to  the  recruiting  officer  at  the  post  by  the  com- 
missary upon  requisition,  approved  by  the  commanding  officer,  for  use  exclusively; 
by  applicants  for  enlistment,  recruits  on  probation,  and  newly  enlisted  men  awaiting^ 
transfer  to  permanent  stations.     Towels  will  be  laundered  by  those  who  use  them. 


ISSUES,   SAVINGS,   COMMUTATION.  195 

The  receipt  of  the  recruithig  officer  wiH  be  the  conimissary's  voucher  for  dropping 
the  article.s  from  his  return. 

4.  Such  (piantities  of  toilet  paper  as  may  be  absolutely  necessary  for  the  use  of  the 
post  guardliouses  and  of  recruits  at  recruiting  rendezvous  will  be  issued,  by  the  com- 
missaries, to  the  officers  in  charge  on  requisitions  approved  by  the  post  commanders. 
The  receij^t  of  tlie  officer  in  charge  will  be  the  commissary's  voucher  for  dropping 
the  articles  from  his  return. 

5.  Articles  issued  in  pursuance  of  this  paragraph  will  not  ])e  accounted  for  on  i)rop- 
rty  returns  by  officers  receiving  them,  but  will  be  continued  in  use  until  worn-out. 

1405.  Subsistence  will  not  be  issued  to  destitute  persons  except  when  the  com- 
manding officer  assumes  the  responsibility  of  ordering  the  issue  to  relieve  starvation 
or  extreme  suffering.    In  such  cases  the  circumstances  will  be  fully  stated  in  the  order. 

1406.  The  commanding  officer  will  certify  to  the  accuracy  of  the  abstract  of 
issues  upon  comparison  with  the  ration  returns,  which  will  be  retained  by  him. 
The  abstract  of  issues  so  certified,  and  accompanied  by  copies  of  orders  or  authorities 
contemplated  by  paragraph  777,  is  the  commissary's  voucher  for  the  k 


1407.  All  articles  of  the  ration  (excepting  fresh  beef,  dried  or  pickled  fish,  soft 
brea<l,  fresh  or  desiccated  vegetables,  and  dried  fruit)  due  a  comi)any,  bakery,  or 
other  militiiry  organization,  and  not  needed  for  consumption,  will,  if  public  loss  will 
not  result,  l)e  retained  for  reissue  by  the  commissary,  and  will  be  paid  for  ])y  him  as 
savings  at  the  invoice  prices.  The  entering  of  a  more  expensive  component  article 
of  the  ration  on  the  ration  return  with  the  view  of  leaving  it  undrawn  and  selling  it 
to  the  commissary  as  savings  and  purchasing  from  him  for  use  in  its  place  a  less 
expensive  article  of  the  same  component  is  prohibited.  Savings  not  needed  by  the 
commissary  for  reissue  may  be  sold  by  companies,  bakeries,  or  other  organizations 
to  any  purchasers. 

140§.  Savings  purchased  by  the  commissary  will  be  entered  on  a  receipt  roll,  in 
duplicate,  in  the  name  of  the  organization  to  which  they  belong,  and  the  money 
value  receipted  for  by  the  officer  in  charge  thereof.  Payments  for  hospital  savings 
will  be  made  to  the  surgeon  of  the  post  or  station. 

1409.  If  savings  are  not  paid  for  by  the  commissary  in  the  month  in  which 
accunuilated,  the  proper  organization  will  be  furnished  with  an  extract,  in  duplicate, 
of  the  receipt  roll,  showing  stores  received  from  it  and  the  amount  due,  which,  duly 
certit\e<l  by  the  commissary  and  approved  by  the  commanding  officer,  will  be 
presented  for  payment  to  any  commissary  having  funds  for  the  purpose. 

COMMUTATION. 

14  lO.  Commutation  of  rations  may  be  allowed  at  the  following  rates,  under  the 
conditions  mentioned,  viz: 


Conditions. 


Rate  per 
day  each. 


1.  To  a  soldier  at  the  conclusion  of  his  furlough,  provided  that  on  or  before  the  last  day 
thereof  he  has  reported  at  his  proper  station  or  has  been  discharged.  Male  and  female 
nurses  are  entitled  to  the  same  commutation  when  on  leave  or  furlough !         $0.25 

•-!.  To  sergeants  of  tiie  post  noncommissioned  staff  (and  soldiers  acting  as  such)  on  duty  at  , 

forts  and  stations  where  there  are  no  other  troops .  -10 

,i.  To  a  soldier  on  detached  duty,  stationed  in  a  city  or  town  where  subsistence  is  not  fur- 
nished by  the  Government .75 

4.  To  a  soldier  traveling  \nider  orders  from  a  place  or  station  at  which  his  rations  have  been 

regularly  commuted 1-50 

5.  To  enlisted  men  traveling  under  orders  (when  the  journey  can  not  be  performed  In 

twenty-four  liours  and  it  is  impracticable  to  carry  rations  of  any  kind),  as  follows: 

To  an  enlisted  man  traveling  alone 1«60 

To  two  enlisted  men  traveling  jxs  a  detachment  or  traveling  ds  a  guard  to  an  insane 

patient  or  military  prisoner,  each 1-50 

To  an  insane  patient  or  militarv  prisoner  traveling  under  guard  of  one  or  two  en-  , 
listed  men,  to  be  paid,  on  the  order  of  the  commanding  officer,  In  advance  to,  and  i 
to  be  receipted  for  by,  the  person  to  whose  charge  the  patient  or  military  prisoner 

is  committed  by  the  order •  -  -  -i  l-SO 

To  enlisted  men  selected  to  contest  for  places  or  prizes  in  department  or  army  nfle 
competitions,  while  traveling  to  and  from  places  of  contest 


196 


COMMUTATION    OF    RATIONS. 


1411.  Recruits  forwarded  from  recruiting  ntations,  recruit  rendezvous,  or  other 
military  posts  will  be  furnished  the  following  allowances  for  subsistence  while 
traveling,  viz: 


When  one  or  two  men  are  forwarded. 


For  ajnamey  nj 2lt  hours  or  lens. 

Cooked  rations  (to  be  obtained  from  the  con- 
tractor for  meals  or  from  the  company  or  gen- 
eral mess). 


For  a  journey  of  more  than  2U  hours. 

Cooked  rations,  as  above,  for  the  first  day,  and, 
for  remaining  time  of  journey,  commutation  of 
rations  at  not  exceeding  $1.50  per  man  per  day. 


When  more  than  two  men  are  forwarded. 


For  a  Journey  of2U  hours  or  less. 

For  a  detachment  of  three  or  more  men:  Travel 
rations  (or,  if  not  avaihible,  cooked  rations,  to  be 
obtained  from  the  contractor  for  meals  or  from 
the  company  or  general  mess). 

For  a  journey  oj  more  than  2h  hours. 

For  a  detachment  of  three  or  more  men:  For  the 
first  day,  either  travel  or  cooked  rations  as 
above;  for  remaining  time  of  journey,  travel 
rations  if  available,  or,  if  not  available,  commu- 
tation of  rations  at  not  exceeding  $1.50  per  man 
per  day. 


1412.  Enlisted  men,  including  recruits,  ordered  upon  journeys  which  can  be  per- 
formed within  twenty-four  hours  from  the  hour  of  starting  must  be  subsisted  during 
the  journey  upon  cooked  or  travel  rations  drawn  for  the  purpose  from  the  company 
kitchen,  the  contractor  for  meals,  or  from  the  commissary. 

14  IS.  Enlisted  men  absent  under  orders  from  their  stations  upon  recruiting  duty 
for  not  exc;eeding  three  days  will  be  deemed  to  be  traveling  under  orders  during  the 
entire  period,  notwithstanding  that  some  portion  of  the  period  may  be  occupied  by 
detentions  in  the  various  towns  which  they  visit  in  the  performance  of  their  duty, 
and  their  commutation  of  rations  will  be  at  the  rate  of  $1.50  per  day. 

1414.  An  enlisted  man  not  a  recruit  ordered,  under  subhead  5,  paragraph  1410, 
of  these  Regulations,  upon  a  journey  of  more  than  twenty-four  hours'  duration  will 
be  allowed  commutation  of  rations  at  the  rate  of  $1.50  (or  such  less  sum  as  the  officer 
ordering  the  journey  may  consider  sufficient)  for  each  full  period  of  twenty-four 
hours  of  travel,  beginning  with  the  hour  of  starting,  and  proportionally  for  any 
fractional  part  of  a  twenty-four  hour  period  at  the  end  of  the  journey  in  which  reg- 
ular meal  times  are  included,  each  meal  in  such  fractional  part  being  allowed  for  at 
one-third  the  rate  for  the  full  twenty-four  hour  period.  The  commutation  of  rations 
allowed  recruits  after  the  termination  of  the  first  twenty-four  hours'  travel  will  be 
computed  in  a  similar  manner  for  full  twenty-four  hour  periods  and  fractional  parts 
thereof.    The  provisions  of  this  paragraph  do  not  apply  to  travel  on  army  transports. 

1415.  Commutation  of  rations  will  not  be  allowed  to  eniisted  men  serving  where 
subsistence  is  furnished  by  the  Government;  or  traveling  under  orders  when  they 
can  carry  and  cook  their  rations,  or  can  carry  cooked  or  travel  rations;  or  traveling 
under  orders  on  army  transports  or  by  steamboat  or  steamship  where  the  passage 
rates  include  meals;  or  failing  to  report  at  their  proper  stations  on  or  before  the  last 
day  of  furlough  unless  discharged;  or  recruiting  parties  at  their  stations;  nor  to  civil 
employees. 

14 16.  An  order  directing  the  travel  of  an  enlisted  man  will  state  that  the  journey 
is  necessary  for  the  public  service.  If  it  be  impracticable  for  him  to  arry  rations  of 
any  kind,  the  order  will  so  state  and  will  direct  commutation  of  rations  to  be  paid; 
if  required  to  be  paid  in  advance,  the  number  of  days  will  be  stated. 

1417.  An  enlisted  man  traveling  on  duty  under  orders  on  a  vessel  of  the  United 
States  transport  service  will  not  be  allowed  commutation  of  rations  for  the  time  he  is 
aboard.  He  will  be  quartered  with  the  enlisted  men  aboard  and  will  mess  with 
them,  and  the  proper  transport  officer  will  indorse  upon  the  travel  order  in  the 
possession  of  the  soldier  the  dates  between  which  subsistence  was  so  furnished.   The 


^  Of  TMf  X 

f  UNIVERSITY  1 

COMMUTATION    OF   RATIONl^UFORJJi^^       1^7 

travel  order  so  indorsed  will  be  turned  over  by  tbe  enlisted  man  at  the  end  of 
the  journey  to  the  commissary  by  wliom  commutation  of  rations  for  any  portion  of 
the  journey  is  paid,  who  will  fde  it  with  the  voucher  on  whidi  i)aymeiit  is  made. 
If  connnutation  of  rations  is  ordered  paid  in  advance,  tlie  probable  time  on  ship- 
board must  be  taken  into  account  in  determining  the  number  of  days'  commutation 
to  be  allowed,  and  the  paying  officer  will  indorse  the  original  order  and  make  pay- 
ment on  a  certified  copy  thereof  in  the  manner  directed  in  Army  Regulations  1418 
for  paying  commutation  of  rations  in  advance. 

14 1§.  Commutation  of  rations  allowed  to  an  enlisted  man  while  traveling,  when 
not  directed  to  be  paid  in  advance,  will  be  paid  to  him  at  the  end  of  his  journey, 
upon  presentation  of  the  order  for  the  journey  with  the  certificate  of  his  command- 
ing officer  thereon  in  the  following  form:  ''Last  rationed  to  include ,  18 — ; 

will  leave  station  at , ,  18 — ;  the  rations  overdrawn  will  be  deducted 

from  the  ration  return  of  Company , Regiment  of ,  for  the  period 

from ,  18 — ,  to ,  18 — ,"  and  a  certificate  signed  by  a  commissioned  offi- 
cer in  the  following  form:  "Joined  station  at  , ,  18 — ."     The  period 

allowed  by  the  paying  officer  will  be  the  time  required  over  the  shortest  usually 
traveled  route.  If  ordered  paid  in  advance,  it  will  be  paid  upon  presentation  of  a 
certified  copy  of  the  order  directing  the  payment,  having  thereon  the  certificate  in 
the  above  form  of  his  commanding  officer.  In  this  case  the  paying  officer  will 
indorse  the  date,  mode,  and  amount  of  payment,  over  his  signature,  on  the  order 
which  is  retained  by  the  soldier,  and  certify  on  the  copy  that  he  has  made  such 
indorsement.  The  soldier  will  deliver  his  retained  order  to  the  commissary  at  the 
station  where  rations  are  next  drawn,  who  files  it  with  his  abstract  of  issues.  The 
ordt^r,  or  copy  thereof,  on  which  commutation  has  been  paid  will  be  filed  as  a  sub- 
voucher  to  the  receipt  roll,  and  the  paying  officer  will  indorse  on  the  order  or  copy 
thereof,  the  date,  mode,  and  amount  of  payment. 

1419.  The  furlough  of  an  enlisted  man  will  show,  by  memorandum  of  his  com- 
pany commander,  to  what  day  he  was  last  rationed  and  the  number  of  rations,  if 
any,  drawn  for  him  previous  to  his  going  on  furlough,  for  the  time  covered  by  the 
furlough,  and  the  certificate  of  his  company  commander  on  the  back  of  the  furlough 
will  show  the  date  on  which  he  rejoined  his  proper  station  or  was 'discharged  and 
that  the  rations  overdrawn  for  him  were  duly  deducted  from  a  ration  return  of  his 
company.  If  entitled  to  commutation  he  will  be  paid  by  any  commissary  upon  the 
presentation  of  the  furlough  containing  the  above  memorandum  and  certificate.  The 
paying  officer  will  file  the  furlough  as  a  subvoucher  to  his  receipt  roll,  and  indorse 
on  the  furlough  the  date,  mode,  and  amount  of  payment.  If  the  period  for  which 
the  furlough  is  given  is  within  the  competency  of  the  authority  cited,  no  copy  of  the 
order  prescribed  in  paragraphs  120  and  1418  is  needed  to  accompany  the  furlough, 
when  presented  to  a  disbursing  officer  for  payment  of  comnuitation  of  rations;  but  if 
the  period  is  manifestly  beyond  the  competency  of  the  authority  cited,  the  furlough 
should,  when  preseftted  for  payment  of  commutation  of  rations,  be  accompanied  by 
copies  of  all  orders  in  pursuance  of  which  it  was  given. 

1420.  An  enlisted  man  granted  a  furlough  with  permission  to  travel  on  a  vessel 
of  the  United  States  transport  service  will  be  quartered  with  the  enlisted  men  al)oard 
and  will  mess  with  them.  The  transport  officer  will  certify  upon  the  enlisted  man's 
furlough  the  dates  between  which  subsistence  was  so  furnished.  In  paying  commu- 
tations of  rations  on  the  furlough  these  days  will  be  deducted. 

1421.  Enlisted  men  discharged  in  Cuba,  Porto  Rico,  Hawaii,  the  Philippines,  or 
other  places  outside  of  the  States  composing  the  Union  will  be  provided  free  trans- 
portation to  the  said  States  on  Government  transports  upon  direction  of  the  com- 
manding officers  in  the  several  localities  and  will  be  subsisted  by  the  Subsistence 
department  to  the  port  of  destination.     They  will  not  be  entitled  to  travel  pay  from 


198  COMMUTATION    OF   RATIONS!    SALES. 

port  of  embarkation  to  the  United  States,  nor  to  commutation  of  rations  for  the  time 
so  subsisted  on  the  transports.  The  fact  that  such  transportation  and  subsistence 
have  been  furnished  must  be  noted  on  the  final  statements. 

1422.  When  an  officer  orders  commutation  of  rations  to  be  paid,  or  rations  to  be 
issued,  to  a  soldier  on  furlough  to  enable  him  to  reach  his  proper  station,  the  paying  or 
issuing  officer  will  report  the  full  amount  paid,  or  the  money  value  of  the  issue,  to  the 
soldier's  company  commander.  Should  the  soldier  reach  his  station  on  or  before  the 
last  day  of  his  furlough,  the  company  commander  will  charge  the  full  amount  of 
the  payment  or  issue  against  his  pay  on  the  next  muster  and  pay  roll.  Should  he 
reach  his  post  after  the  expiration  of  his  furlough,  and  the  delay  be  not  excused,  the 
full  amount  will  be  similarly  charged.  Should  the  overstaying  of  his  furlough  be 
excused,  the  full  amount,  diminished  by  the  value  of  the  ration,  at  20  cent«  per  day, 
for  the  number  of  days  during  which  he  was  absent  after  the  furlough  had  expired, 
will  be  charged. 

1423.  When  a  furlough  is  lost,  a  certified  copy  prepared  by  his  company  com- 
mander, with  the  soldier's  affidavit  stating  when,  where,  and  the  circumstances  under 
which  the  loss  occurred,  that  he  reported  at  his  station  on  or  before  the  last  day  of 
his  furlough  or  was  discharged,  and  that  no  rations  have  been  furnished  nor  commu- 
tation paid  him  for  any  portion  of  the  time  during  which  he  was  on  furlough,  may 
be  presented  within  six  months  after  the  loss,  through  his  company  and  post  com- 
manders, to  the  chief  commissary  for  payment  or  other  disposition. 

1424.  Enlisted  men  having  claims  for  commutation  of  rations,  and  who  are  at  a 
distance  from  a  paying  commissary,  will  be  paid  upon  forwarding  to  the  paying  com- 
missary their  travel  orders  or  furloughs,  properly  made  out,  accompanied  by  receipts, 
in  duplicate.  Enlisted  men  on  detached  duty  entitled  to  commutation  of  rations  may 
be  similarly  paid  upon  the  certificate  of  the  officer  under  whom  they  serve,  setting 
forth  the  period  for  which  commutation  is  due,  accompanied  by  a  copy  of  the 
authority  for  its  allowance,  or  by  a  reference  to  such  authority  if  previously  furnished. 

1425.  Officers  doing  subsistence  duty  at  other  places  than  where  the  Treasurer  or 
assistant  treasurer  or  a  designated  depository  of  the  United  States  is  located,  will 
make  application  to  the  Secretary  of  War  through  proper  military  channels,  if  they 
have  not  already  been  authorized  to  keep  public  money  in  th^ir  personal  posses- 
sion, for  authority  to  so  keep  at  their  own  risk  such  specified  sums  as  in  their  opin- 
ion may  be  necessary  to  enable  them  to  make  at  their  posts  cash  payments  to  enlisted 
men,  from  time  to  time,  for  commutation  of  rations  while  traveling,  on  furlougli,  etc., 
and  for  paying  them  coffee  money  individually  when  ordered  to  travel  without  an 
officer.  When  it  may  be  necessary  to  draw  a  check  for  obtaining  money  to  be  kept 
in  personal  possession  for  the  purposes  herein  set  forth,  the  disbursing  officer  will 
draw  it  in  his  own  favor,  and  enter  under  the  heading  thereon  ''object  for  which 
drawn,"  or  "on  account  of,"  the  following:  ''To  hold  funds  in  personal  possession. 

Authority  S.  W. ,  190 — ."     Such  checks  will  not  be  stated  to  be  for 

"payments  under  |20." 


SALES. 


1426.  Sales  of  subsistence  stores  (except  of  ice  and  forage  for  beef  cattle)  will  be 
made  at  cost  prices  for  cash  to  an  officer  on  his  certificate  that  the  stores  are  for  his 
personal  or  family  use  or  for  the  use  of  an  officers'  mess  of  whicih  he  is  the  caterer,  and 
will  be  similarly  made  on  a  certificate  that  they  are  for  his  or  her  personal  use  to  a 


SALES.  199 

contract  surgeon,  a  dental  surgeon,  a  veterinarian,  or  a  female  nurse  when  stationed 
witliin  a  military  post  or  serving  with  troops  in  the  field.  Sales  will  also  be  made  at 
cost  i)rices  for  cash  to  a  member  of  the  immediate  family  of  an  officer,  during  his 
absence,  upon  a  written  request  by  him  to  the  commissary. 

1427.  Sales  to  officers  paid  for  within  the  calendar  month  in  which  made  will  be 
regarded  as  cash  sales;  if  not  paid  for  within  that  month  they  will  be  reported  as 
credit  sales  and  so  accounted  for,  and  the  amounts  due  collected  through  the  Pay 
Pe])artment. 

142§.  Sales  of  reasonable  quantities  of  stores  will  be  made  to  an  enlisted  man  on 
the  active  or  retired  list,  for  cash,  upon  his  declaration,  in  writing,  that  they  are 
intended  for  his  own  use.  A  company,  detachment,  hospital,  post  bakery,  or  post 
exchange  may  purchase  for  cash  under  similar  conditions  and  upon  the  certificate  of 
the  officer  in  charge. 

1429.  Exceptional  articles  of  subsistence  stores  called  for  by  officers  and  enlisted 
men,  to  be  paid  for  by  them  regardless  of  condition  upon  arrival  at  posts,  may,  under 
such  instructions  as  to  purchase  and  accountability  as  may  from  time  to  time  be  given 
by  the  Commissary-General,  be  purchased  and  turned  over  to  the  Quartermaster's 
Department  for  transportation  to  the  posts  where  desired. 

1430.  Civilians  at  rates  of  pay  of  sixty  dollars  or  more  per  month,  employed  with 
the  Army  at  remote  places  or  in  the  field  where  food  can  not  otherwise  be  procured, 
may  be  allowed  to  purchase  from  the  Subsistence  Department,  in  limited  quantities 
for  their  own  use,  for  cash  at  cost  prices  with  10  per  cent  added,  such  articles  of  the 
ration  or  of  stores  kept  for  sales  to  officers  and  enlisted  men  as  can  be  spared  from 
the  supplies  on  hand. 

1431.  Sales  may  be  made  on  credit  to  officers  and  enlisted  men  who  have  not 
been  regularly  paid  or  who  are  in  the  field.  Officers  will  certify  that  the  stores  are 
for  their  own  use  and  receipt  for  them.  Enlisted  men  will  obtain  permits  from  their 
company  conmianders,  approved  by  the  commanding  officer,  for  purchases  on  credit. 
Permits  will  not  be  given  to  a  soldier  in  excess  of  the  unencumbered  pay  due  him 
nor  in  any  month  in  excess  of  his  monthly  pay.  A  recruit  may  be  furnished  on 
credit  with  such  of  the  following  articles  as  may  be  needed  by  him,  viz:  A  hand 
ba<^.n,  a  piece  of  soap,  a  toothbrush,  two  towels,  a  comb,  a  hairbrush,  a  shoebrush 
and  a  box  of  shoeblacking,  and  not  to  exceed  one  pound  of  tobacco. 

1432.  Articles  purchased  by  the  Subsistence  Department  by  net  weight  will  be 
sold  at  net  weight  at  the  time  of  sale.  Where  the  weight  of  a  wrapper  or  cover  at 
the  time  of  purchase  was  included  in  the  weight  of  an  article  it  will  be  included  in 
the  weight  when  the  article  is  sold.  Articles  in  cartons,  packets,  or  sealed  cans  will 
be  sold  as  purchased. 

1433.  Post  commanders  will  regulate  sales  and  delivery  of  supplies.  Selling, 
(except  by  the  post  exchange),  or  bartering  of  supplies  purchased  from  the  commis- 
sary is  forbidden. 

1434.  The  commanding  officer  of  a  post  at  or  near  which  the  immediate  family 
of  a  regular  or  volunteer  soldier  who  is  absent  abroad  resides  may,  if  the  residence 
and  other  conditions  of  such  family  make  it  proper,  grant  to  the  head  thereof  per- 
mits to  purchase  from  the  Subsistence  Department  at  the  post,  for  cash  at  cost  prices, 
such  quantities  of  subsistence  stores  as  in  his  opinion  may  be  reasonably  needed  for 
the  sole  use  of  the  soldier's  immediate  family.  The  total  amount  of  subsistence 
stores  so  sold  to  soldiers'  families  will  be  entered  by  the  commissary  in  a  separate 
item  on  the  abstract  of  sales  each  month. 

1435.  An  officer  purchasing  subsistence  stores  on  credit  will  furnish  the  commis- 
sary making  the  sale  with  a  receipt  in  duplicate  (on  Form  No.  73,  Subs.  Dept.)  setting 
forth  the  place  and  date  of  purchaae,  the  name  of  the  commissary  who  made  the  sale, 


200  SALES,    BLAISTK    FORMS,    RETURlSrS. 

and  the  money  value  of  the  stores  so  purchased.  One  copy  of  the  receipt  will  be  for- 
warded by  the  commissary  to  the  paymaster  who  pays  the  officer,  or  to  the  chief 
paymaster  of  the  department,  and  will  be  filed  with  the  pay  voucher  on  which  col- 
lection is  made.  The  duplicate  receipt  will  be  filed  by  the  commissary  with  his  retained 
Abstract  of  Sales.  The  names  of  the  officers  purchasing  subsistence  stores  on  credit, 
the  organizations  to  which  they  belong,  and  the  money  value  of  the  stores  so  pur- 
chased will  be  entered  on  the  Abstract  of  Sales. 

1436.  The  commissary  who  sells  to  enlisted  men  on  credit  will  make  a  statement 
of  dues,  in  triplicate,  for  each  company  or  organization  to  which  the  men  belong.  One 
copy  will  be  furnished  to  the  company  or  other  commander,  who  will  charge  the 
dues  on  the  next  pay  roll  and  on  subsequent  rolls  until  collected.  If  a  recruit  leaves 
his  station  or  rendezvous  before  the  money  value  of  the  toilet  articles  furnished  him 
on  credit  has  been  collected,  the  amount  due  will  be  noted  on  the  descriptive  and 
assignment  card,  in  order  that  the  paymaster  may  withhold  it  at  the  first  payment 
after  the  recruit  has  joined  his  company. 

1437.  Amounts  due  from  credit  sales  will  be  collected  by  paymasters,  taken  up 
by  them  and  promptly  transferred  to  a  disbursing  commissary,  the  paymaster  giving 
duplicate  invoices  and  taking  receipts  on  each  pay  account  or  pay  roll. 

1438.  Sales  will  be  consolidated  monthly  on  an  abstract  in  duplicate.  The  com- 
manding officer  will  satisfy  himself  that  the  purchases  have  been  properly  authorized 
and  duly  made  and  will  so  certify  on  the  abstract.  The  copy  of  the  abstract  accom- 
panying the  commissary's  account  current  will  serve  as  a  voucher  to  the  account  cur- 
rent, as  well  as  to  the  officer's  return. 

1439.  On  the  first  day  of  each  calendar  month  a  list  will  be  prepared  at  each  post 
showing  the  prices  at  which  stores  will  be  sold  during  the  month.  The  price  for 
each  article  will  be  the  invoice  price  of  the  last  lot  of  that  article  received  prior  to 
the  day  on  which  the  price  list  is  prepared. 

BLANK    FORMS. 

1440.  Blank  forms  will  be  furnished  to  commissaries  on  periodical  requisitions 
sent  direct  to  the  Commissary-General.  Officers  at  posts  will  obtain  them  from  the 
post  commissaries. 

ACCOUNTS   AND   RETURNS. 

1441.  The  following  accounts  and  returns,  prepared  in  accordance  with  the 
directions  printed  on  the  blanks,  are  required: 

1.  Account  current,  prepared  and  forwarded  by  each  officer  accountable  for  sub- 
sistence funds,  within  ten  days  after  the  close  of  each  month,  accompanied  by 
vouchers. 

2.  Return  of  subsistence  stores,  by  each  officer  accountable,  forwarded  at  the  same 
time  as  the  account  current,  accompanied  by  vouchers,  etc. 

3.  Return  of  subsistence  property,  rendered  quarterly,  within  ten  days  after  the 
close  of  the  months  of  March,  June,  September,  and  December,  by  each  officer 
accountable,  accompanied  by  abstracts,  vouchers,  etc. 


THE    PAY    DEPARTMENT.  201 

ARTICLE  LXXX. 

Pay  DepaktmentJ 
general  provisions. 

1442.  The  Pay  Department,  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  has 
charge  of  the  supply  and  dii^tribution  of  and  ac(;ounting  for  funds  for  the  imyinent  of 
the  Army,  and  such  other  financial  duties  as  are  specially  assigned  to  it. 

1443.  The  chief  paymaster  of  a  department,  under  the  direction  of  its  commander, 
will  have  control  of  all  paymasters  stationed  therein,  and  l)e  responsible  for  the 
payment  of  the  troops  of  the  command. 

1444.  Military  commanders  in  directing  payments  will  not  require  the  paymaster 
to  be  absent  from  his  station  on  the  last  day  of  the  month,  except  for  special  reasons, 
which  will  be  reported  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

PAYMENTS  TO   OFFICERS. 

1445.  Officers  will  be  paid  monthly,  on  duplicate  accounts,  certified  by  them- 
selves, according  to  prescribed  forms. 

1446.  All  officers  of  the  Army  will  be  paid  within  the  limits  of  their  departments 
and,  as  far  as  practicable,  by  the  same  paymaster,  unless  they  be  on  leave  of  absence 
or  on  detached  duty  beyond  the  limits  of  their  departments,  or  shall  have  trans- 
ferred or  assigned  their  accounts  as  provided  for  in  paragraph  1447  of  these  regulations, 
or  have  the  authority  of  the  Paymaster-General  for  payment  elsewhere.  Officers  on 
leave  of  absence  will  in  all  cases  present  their  leave  orders  to  the  paymaster  to  whom 
application  for  payment  is  made,  who  will  indorse  thereon,  over  his  signature,  the 
amount  paid  and  the  period  paid  for.  Retired  officers,  as  a  rule,  will  be  paid  in  the 
(lei)artments  in  which  they  reside,  unless  they  shall  elect  to  be  paid  elsewhere,  when 
they  will  notify  the  Paymaster-General.  When  an  officer  is  absent  from  his  station, 
a  paymaster  will,  before  paying  him,  require  proof  of  authority  for  such  absence. 

1447.  An  officer  will  not  hypothecate  nor  transfer  a  jmy  account  not  actually 
due.  When  due  it  may  be  transferred  by  indorsement,  naming  the  party  to  whom 
transferred,  and  may  be  paid  by  the  proper  paymaster  if  satisfied  of  the  genuineness 
of  the  officer's  signature  and  if  no  stoppage  or  other  disability  as  to  pay  prevents. 
The  date  of  transfer,  certified  by  the  officer  whose  account  it  is,  will  appear  in  the 
indorsement.  When  an  officer  transfers  a  pay  account,  he  will,  at  the  time  of 
transfer,  communicate  the  fact  to  the  chief  paymaster  of  the  department,  through 
the  paymaster  who  is  expected  to  pay  it.  If  the  officer  be  on  leave,  or  if  his  accounts 
be  payable  in  Washington,  the  notification  of  transfer  will  be  made  to  the  Paymaster- 
General. 

EXTRA   PAY. 

144§.  To  entitle  an  officer  to  the  pay  of  a  grade  above  that  actually  held  by  him, 
the  service  in  such  higher  grade'  must  have  been  continuous  for  three  months  or 
more  and  the  assignment  must  be  by  the  written  order  of  the  commanding  general 
in  the  field  or  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  no  pay  or  allowances  of  a  higher  grade  than 
that  actually  held  by  an  officer  will  be  paid  under  this  provision  except  when  a  cer- 
tified copy,  in  duplicate,  of  such  order,  with  statement  of  service,  is  filed  with  the 
paymaster. 

1449.  The  10  per  cent  increase  allowed  to  officers  serving  beyond  the  limits  of 
the  States  comprising  the  Union  and  the  Territories  of  the  United  States  contiguous 

1  Regulations  for  the  government  of  tlic  Pay  Department,  prepared  and  published  under  the 
authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  are  distributed  to  its  officers  by  the  Paymtuster-General.  Only  such 
regulations  are  herein  given  as  are  general  in  their  nature  or  affect  other  branches  of  the  service. 


202  PAY    OF    OFFICERS. 

thereto  will  be  paid  on  separate  blanks,  in  the  department  or  division  where  the 
officer  is  ser^dng,  for  those  months  during  which  the  officer  has  transferred  his 
accomits  for  payment  in  the  United  States.  The  transferred  accounts  will  be  paid  at 
the  regular  rate  to  which  the  officer  would  be  entitled  if  serving  within  the  limits  of 
the  United  States. 

MOUNTED   PAY. 

1450.  The  following  officers,  in  addition  to  those  whose  pay  is  fixed  by  law,  are 
entitled  to  pay  as  mounted  officers:  Officers  of  the  staff  corps  below  the  rank  of 
major,  officers  serving  with  troops  of  cavalry,  officers  of  a  field  or  siege  battery  duly 
organized  and  equipped,  authorized  aids  duly  appointed,  officers  serving  as  military 
attaches  to  the  embassies  and  legations  of  the  United  States  at  foreign  capitals,  offi- 
cers serving  with  companies  of  mounted  infantry,  and  officers  on  duty  which  requires 
them  to  be  mounted  and  which  is  so  certified  to  by  the  Secretary  of  War  or  the 
department  or  corps  commander  on  their  first  pay  vouchers  while  on  such  duty,  the 
certificate  being  cited  by  the  officers  on  their  subsequent  vouchers.  Officers  ceasing 
to  draw  mounted  pay  will  file  with  the  last  pay  voucher  a  copy  of  the  order  reliev- 
ing them  from  duty  which  required  them  to  be  mounted.  Acting  judge-advocates  of 
military  departments,  duly  detailed,  are  entitled,  while  so  serving,  to  the  rank,  pay, 
and  allowances  of  captains  of  cavalry. 

1451.  Department  commanders  will  announce,  in  orders,  the  authority  obtained 
from  the  Secretary  of  War  for  mounting  companies  of  infantry,  giving  the  date  from 
which  such  mounted  service  commences  and  termination  of  the  same. 

1452.  Muster  rolls  and  returns  of  companies  of  mounted  infantry  will  show  the 
number,  date,  and  source  of  order  authorizing  mounted  service.  The  pay  accounts 
of  officers  charging  mounted  pay  will  contain  the  same  information.  A  copy  of  the 
order  will  be  attached  to  the  first  muster  rolls  prepared  after  the  company  has  been 
equipped  or  mounted;  a  copy  of  the  order  discontinuing  such  service  will  appear  on 
the  first  muster  rolls  prepared  after  its  discontinuance. 

1453.  An  acting  commissary  will  be  paid  the  additional  pay  allowed  by  law,  on 
the  certificate  of  the  Commissary-General  that  he  has  performe<i  the  duty  contem- 
plated therein  during  the  time  charged.  To  entitle  him  to  this  pay  he  must  be 
detailed  under  proper  orders  from  some  established  post  or  body  of  troops,  and  must 
issue  full  rations  to  troops  from  stores  for  which  he  is  responsible. 

1454.  No  officer  shall  receive  pay  for  two  staff  appointments  for  the  same  time. 
This  prohibition  does  not  prevent  a  quartermaster  of  a  regiment  who,  in  addition  to 
the  duties  of  his  office,  may  be  acting  commissary,  from  receiving  the  extra  compen- 
sation allowed  by  law  for  performing  the  duties  of  the  latter. 

1455.  A  person  appointed  to  the  Army,  or  receiving  an  appointment  to  a  new 
office  therein,  is  entitled  to  pay  from  date  of  acceptance  only.  In  all  cases  of  pro* 
motion  an  officer  is  entitled  to  pay  from  date  of  vacancy. 

1456.  An  officer  leaving  the  service  will,  before  receiving  final  payment,  produce 
certificates  as  to  his  indebtedness  to  the  United  States,  and  will  make  oath  upon  the 
final  voucher  to  the  correctness  of  the  several  items  contained  therein,  stating  the 
place  of  his  residence,  and  that  he  is  not  indebted  to  the  United  States  on  any 
account  whatever,  except  as  shown  by  said  certificates. 

1457.  An  officer  who  tenders  his  resignation  while  on  duty  will  receive  pay  to 
include  the  date  on  which  he  receives  notice  of  acceptance,  if  he  continue  on  duty 
until  that  time;  or  if  sooner  relieved  from  duty,  to  include  the  date  of  relief.  An 
officer  whose  resignation  takes  effect  while  on  leave  will  be  paid  to  include  date  of 
acceptance. 

145§.  An  officer  placed  upon  the  retired  list  will  receive  active  pay  to  include  the 
date  of  retirement,  and  the  pay  of  a  retired  officer  thereafter.  If  on  duty,  he  will 
receive  suck  pay  to  include  the  date  of  receipt  by  him  of  notice  of  his  relief  from 
duty. 


PAY    DURING    ABSENCE.  203 

1459.  Contract  surgeons  and  contract  dental  surgeons  must  present  their  contracts 
U)  paymasters  when  applying  for  payment  of  salaries,  and  paymasters  will  indorse 
thoreon  date  and  period  for  which  paid. 

1460.  An  officer  dismissed  by  sentence  of  court-martial  will  be  paid  to  the  date 
of  termination  of  service,  as  specified  in  the  order  promulgating  the  sentence. 

1461.  In  computing  longevity  pay  service  performed  as  cadets  at  the  Military  or 
Naval  Academy,  or  as  enlisted  men  of  the  Army  or  Navy,  will  be  counted. 

1462.  In  payments  to  officers  and  enlisted  men  the  days  of  commencement  and 
expiration  of  service  will  be  included.  When  service  begins  on  the  31st  day  of  a 
month,  pay  will  not  be  allowed  for  that  day. 

1463.  An  officer  of  the  Army  appointed  to  a  grade  in  the  volunteers  or  militia  in 
the  service  of  the  United  States  superior  to  that  held  by  him  in  the  Army  will  be 
entitled  to  the  pay  and  emoluments  of  the  grade  to  which  appointed  from  date 
of  a<;ceptance  of  such  appointment  or  from  date  of  muster  in  thereunder. 

PAY   DURING   ABSENCE. 

1464.  Officers  and  enlisted  men  in  arrest  and  confinement  by  the  civil  authorities 
will  receive  no  pay  for  the  time  of  such  absence;  if  released  without  trial,  or  after 
trial  and  acquittal,  their  right  to  pay  for  the  time  of  such  absence  is  restored. 

1465.  To  entitle  him  to  full  pay  during  absence  on  account  of  sickness  or  wounds 
an  officer  must  exhibit  to  the  paymaster  an  order  from  competent  authority  grant- 
ing or  extending  his  sick  leave.  During  the  time  necessarily  consumed  in  making 
the  journey  to  his  post  an  officer  joining  from  sick  leave  is  entitled  to  full  pay  as  if 
on  duty. 

1466.  The  pay  accounts  of  an  officer  on  leave  during  his  absence  will  exhibit  the 
date  of  commencement  of  leave,  authority  therefor,  and,  in  case  the  account  is  for 
the  month  in  which  the  absence  terminates,  date  of  return  to  duty.  In  all  cases  the 
day  of  departure,  or  relief  from  duty,  will  be  counted  as  a  day  of  duty  and  the  day  of 
return  as  one  of  leave. 

1467.  Leaves  of  absence  which  may  l)e  granted  to  officers  of  the  Army  serving  in 
the  Territory  of  Alaska,  or  without  the  limits  of  the  United  States,  for  the  purpose  of 
returning  thereto,  shall  be  regarded  as  taking  effect  on  the  dates  upon  which  such 
officers  reach  the  United  States,  and  such  leaves  of  absence  shall  he  regarded  as 
terminating  on  the  dates  of  their  respective  departure  from  the  United  States  in  return- 
ing to  their  commands. 

146§.  In  determining  the  period  for  which  an  officer  is  entitled  to  full  pay  on 
leave,  time  within  four  successive  leave  years,  terminating  with  the  one  in  which 
absence  is  taken,  will  be  considered.  If  the  absence  does  not  cover  the  entire  period 
for  which  full  pay  is  allowed,  the  balance  thereof  will  be  placed  to  the  officer's  credit 
as  belonging  to  the  last  year  or  years  of  the  four  considered  and  may  be  made  avail- 
al)le  for  future  leave. 

1469.  The  leave  year  is  reckoned  from  June  20  to  the  following  June  19,  both 
inclusive.  In  computing  leave  of  absence  expressed  in  days  during  any  leave  year 
every  day  of  such  absence  will  be  counted;  leave  expressed  in  months  will  be  counted 
in  months. 

14TO.  When  an  officer  on  leave  claims  full  pay  for  any  part  of  his  absence  the 
paymaster  will  ascertain  the  time  for  which  he  is  entitled  to  the  same  from  the 
monthly  list  of  absentees  issued  from  the  Adjutant-General's  Office;  or,  if  that  does 
not  afford  the  information,  from  the  officer's  statement  on  hia  account  of  his  absence 
on  leave  during  each  leave  year. 


204  NAVAL    ALLOWANCES. 

1471.  An  officer  ordered  to  temporary  duty  while  on  leave  will  be  regarded  as 
on  duty  from  the  day  on  which  he  receives  the  order.  When  the  duty  is  to  be  per- 
formed at  a  future  date  he  will  be  on  duty  from  the  date  on  which  he  starts  to  obey 
the  order.  The  date  of  the  receipt  of  the  order  in  the  first  case,  and  the  date  of 
departure  in  the  second,  will  be  promptly  reported  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the 
Army.  When  relieved  from  such  dutj^,  or  on  the  completion  thereof,  he  reverts  to 
the  status  of  leave  and  will  be  credited  with  the  time  on  duty  under  such  order. 


TRAVEL    ALLOWANCES. 

1472.  When  an  officer  travels  without  troops  under  orders  he  is  entitled  to  the 
following  allowances: 

1.  To  mileage  at  the  rate  of  7  cents  per  mile,  and  no  more,  for  the  distance  between 
the  i>oints  named  in  the  order  for  travel,  such  distance  to  be  computed  over  the 
shortest  usually  traveled  routes,  with  deduction  as  hereinafter  provided. 

2.  Officers  w^ho  so  desire  may,  upon  application  to  the  Quartermaster's  Department, 
be  furnished  with  transportation  requests,  exclusive  of  sleeping  and  parlor  car 
accommodations,  for  the  entire  journey  under  their  orders;  and  the  transportation  so 
furnished  shall  be  a  charge  against  the  officer's  mileage  account,  to  be  deducted  at  the 
rate  of  three  cents  per  mile  by  the  paymaster  paying  the  account,  and  of  the  amount 
so  deducted  there  shall  be  turned  over  to  an  authorized  officer  of  the  Quartermaster's 
Department  three  cents  per  mile  for  transportation  furnished  over  any  railroad  which 
Is  not  a  free,  bond -aided,  or  fifty  per  centum  land-grant  railroad,  for  the  credit  of 
the  appropriation  for  transportation  of  the  Army  and  its  supplies. 

3.  When  the  established  route  of  travel  shall,  in  whole  or  in  part,  be  over  the  line 
of  any  railroad  on  which  the  troops  and  supplies  of  the  United  States  are  entitled  to 
be  transported  free  of  charge,  or  over  any  of  the  bond-aided  Pacific  railroads,  or 
over  any  fifty  per  centum  land-grant  railroad,  officers  traveling  as  herein  provided 
for  shall,  for  the  travel  over  such  roads,  be  furnished  with  transportation  requests, 
exclusive  of  sleeping  and  parlor  car  accommodations,  by  the  Quartermaster's  Depart- 
ment. When  transportation  is  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  or 
when  the  established  route  of  travel  is  over  any  of  the  railroads  above  specified, 
there  shall  be  deducted  from  the  officer's  mileage  account,  by  the  paymaster  paying 
the  same,  three  cents  per  mile  for  the  distance  for  which  transportation  has  been  or 
should  have  been  furnished. 

1473.  Actual  expenses  only  will  be  paid  to  officers  for  sea  travel  when  traveling 
to,  from,  or  between  our  island  possessions. 

An  itemized  statement  of  such  expenses  will  be  filed  with  each  voucher  for  pay- 
ment, as  follows* 

1.  Fares  upon  commercial  steamers,  steamship  lines,  or  other  usual  modes  of 
conveyance  by  sea. 

2.  Cost  of  customary  stateroom  accommodations  on  commercial  steamfers  when  the 
same  is  not  included  in  the  travel  fare. 

3.  Hire  of  special  water  transportation  when  there  are  no  regular  means  of  con- 
veyance. 

4.  Actual  cost  of  meals,  not  to  exceed  $4.50  per  day,  for  the  time  actually  and 
unavoidably  consumed  in  the  voyage  when  the  same  is  not  included  in  the  travel 
fare.     Actual  cost  of  meals  on  Government  transports.     A  reasonable  fee  to  cabin 


TRAVEL    AI.LOWANCES.  205 

and  stateroom  stewards  will  be  allowed  on  commercial  lines  of  steamers;  the  jMiyinent 
of  such  fees  on  Government  transports  is  not  authorized.  Suhvouchers,  properly 
receipted,  will  be  required  for  the  above  items  when  the  total  cost  exceeds  one  dollar. 
When  not  practicable  to  obtain  such  subvouchers,  the  officer  will  so  certify. 

1474.  "Traveling  with  troops"  will  be  regarded  as  covermg  all  ca«es  of  officers 
included  in  orders  for  movement,  in  whatever  manner,  of  their  appropriate  commands 
or  in  orders  for  movement  of  detachments,  escorts,  or  stores  which  proceed  ]jy  marches 
or  })y  transportation  belonging  to  or  especially  hired  for  the  purpose  by  the  United 
States,  the  idea  being  that  in  marches  the  officers  should  move  as  do  the  trooi)s  and 
that  where  transportation  is  specially  devoted  to  the  movement  it  is  sufficient  for  all 
included  therein.  But  the  term  will  not  be  regarded  as  covering  cases  of  officers 
included  in  the  movement  by  railroad,  stage,  or  like  established  lines  of  conveyances; 
of  detachments  of  less  than  ten  armed  or  unarmed  men,  such  as  guards  and  nurses 
for  disabled  or  insane  officers  or  soldiers;  recruiting  parties  and  escorts  for  inspectors, 
paymasters,  and  others,  or  the  public  funds  or  property  in  their  charge,  or  of  officers 
traveling  on  troop  trains  or  transports  but  not  ordered  to  report  to  the  commanding 
officer  nor  on  duty  with  the  troops  or  command  on  board,  and  such  ofiicers  are  not 
regarded  as  traveling  with  troops  within  the  meaning  of  the  laws  and  regulations. 

1475.  In  the  settlement  of  the  mileage  accounts  of  oflScers  of  the  Army  distances 
shall  1x5  determined  and  deductions  computed  over  routes  established,  and  by  mileage 
tables  prepared  by  the  Paymaster-General  of  the  Army,  under  the  direction  of  the 
Secretary  of  War;  and  all  payments  made  ])y  paymasters  on  account  of  mileage  shall 
be  determined  in  accordance  with  the  distance  tables  officially  i)romulgated  and  in 
use  at  the  date  of  payment.  Exception  to  this  rule  will  be  made  only  when  the 
terms  of  the  order,  or  the  impracticability  of  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route, 
compel  tha  officer  to  take  a'^oth^r,  or  when  the  journey  is  performed  by  a  route 
shorter  than  that  usually  traveieu.  In  such  cases  travel  allowances  will  be  computed 
over  the  actually  traveled  route. 

1476.  Travel  allowances  will  be  paid  by  the  chief  paymaster  of  the  department 
in  which  the  journey  is  completed.  The  foregoing  will  not  apply  to  journeys  in 
which  delays  at  intermediate  points  occur  and  afford  opportunity  for  the  collection 
of  mileage  for  travel  performed  to  such  points. 

1477.  To  entitle  an  officer  to  travel  allowances  the  travel  must  be  sjiecifically 
ordered  i)revious  to  its  commencement,  or  covered  by  certificate  that  the  urgency  of 
the  duty  was  such  as  to  prevent  his  obtaining  previous  orders,  and  accompanie<i  by 
evidence  of  approval  by  proper  authority.  Such  order  will  state  the  special  duty 
enjoined,  recite  that  the  travel  therein  directed  is  necessary  for  the  public  service, 
and  direct  the  officer  to  return  to  his  station  upon  completion  of  assigned  duty,  if 
such  return  is  contemplated.  An  order  for  travel,  part  of  which  is  to  be  made  with 
troops,  should  direct  the  Quartermaster's  Department  to  furnish  transportation  for 
so  much  of  the  journey  as  is  to  be  performed  with  troops. 

147§.  Orders  will  not  prescribe  lines  of  travel,  except  when  necessary,  and  then 
the  reasons  will  be  set  forth  in  the  order. 

1479.  The  original  order,  or  certified  copy,  including  indorsements,  wiU  accom- 
pany each  voucher  for  travelallowances,  and  when  transportation  in  kind  has  l)een 
furnished,  for  the  whole  or  for  any  part  of  the  distance  actually  traveled,  the  onler 
must  be  indorsed  by  the  quartermaster  issuing  the  transportation,  showing  l)etween 
what  points  and  over  what  route  such  transportation  was  furnished. 

14§0.  When  an  officer  on  leave  of  absence  is  ordered  to  rejoin  his  station,  he  will 
not  be  entitled  to  travel  allowances  unless  the  public  service  requires  the  perform- 
ance of  duty  en  route,  in  which  case  the  order  will  specify  tlie  duty,  the  necessity 
therefor,  and  the  points  at  which  the  duty  will  begin  and  end. 


206       TRAVEL    ALLOWANCES COMMUTATION    OF   QUARTERS. 

14§1.  When  an  officer  is  ordered,  while  on  leave  of  absence,  to  accompany  a 
detachment  of  recruits  to  tlie  vicinity  in  which  his  regiment  is  serving,  and  on  the 
completion  of  this  duty  to  join  his  company,,  he  returns  to  a  status  of  leave  as  soon 
as  relieved  from  duty  with  the  recruits,  and  will  proceed  to  join  his  company  with- 
out expense  to  the  Government,  unless  the  distance  he  may  have  to  travel  without 
troops  should  be  in  excess  of  what  it  would  have  been  had  he  not  received  the  order. 

14S2.  An  officer  on  leave  of  absence  ordered  to  temporary  duty,  involving  travel 
without  troops,  will  receive  travel  allowances  from  place  of  receipt  of  order  to  place 
of  performance  of  duty  and  return. 

14§3.  When  the  station  of  an  officer,  serving  either  witli  or  without  troops,  ig 
changed  while  he  is  on  leave  of  absence,  he  will,  on  joining  his  new  station,  be 
entitled  to  mileage  for  the  land  travel  and  actual  expenses  for  the  sea  travel,  if  any, 
as  provided  by  existing  laws,  only  for  the  excess  of  distance,  from  the  place  of  receipt 
of  his  order  to  his  new  station,  over  the  distance  between  that  place  and  his  old 
station. 

14§4.  An  officer  under  orders  to  change  station  who  takes  advantage  of  a  leave 
of  absence  before  he  joins  his  new  station  is  not  deprived  of  the  travel  allowances  to 
which  he  would  be  entitled  had  he  not  availed  himself  of  the  leave.  The  leave  of 
absence  merely  suspends  the  execution  of  the  order  for  change  of  station,  and  at  the 
expiration  of  the  leave  the  officer  comes  under  operation  of  the  order,  and  in  obeying 
it  is  entitled  to  full  pay  for  the  time  necessary  to  perform  the  journey  from  his  old  to 
his  new  station. 

14§5.  An  officer  relieved  from  duty  at  a  station  and  granted  leave  of  absence 
before  assignment  to  another,  who  receives  an  order  of  assignment  before  expiration 
of  leave,  is  entitled  to  travel  allowances  from  the  place  where  he  receives  the  order 
to  his  new  station. 

1486,  An  officer  traveling  on  duty  in  connection  with  public  works  (not  arsenals, 
military  surveys,  or  explorations)  will  receive  travel  allowances  from  the  appropri- 
ation for  the  work,  but  if  there  be  no  appropriation,  he  will  receive  travel  allowances 
from  the  Pay  Department. 

14§T.  In  the  following  cases  no  expense  of  travel  is  allowed:  In  joining  for  duty 
upon  first  appointment  to  the  military  service,  or  under  the  first  order  after  a  rein- 
statement or  reappointment,  or  under  an  order  to  effect  a  transfer  from  one  company 
or  regiment  to  another,  made  at  the  request  of  the  officers  transferred.  Assistant 
surgeons,  graduates  of  the  Military  Academy,  and  officers  appointed  from  the  ranks, 
joining  under  first  order  after  appointment  or  commission,  are  excepted  from  these 
provisions. 

14 §8.  Allowances  for  travel  of  officers  summoned  before  committees  of  Congress 
are  not  proper  charges  upon  the  appropriations  for  the  support  of  the  Army. 

COMMUTATION   OF   QUAKTERS. 

1489.  An  officer  on  duty  without  troops  at  a  station  where  there  are  no  public 
quarters,  or  where  the  public  quarters  are  inadequate,  is  entitled  to  commutation 
therefor  at  established  rates. 

1490.  Officers  on  duty  in  the  War  Department,  at  Army  and  other  general  head- 
quarters, attending  surgeons  and  other  officers  on  duty  in  cities  and  other  jjlaces 
where  public  quarters  are  not  furnished,  but  where  enlisted  men  are  on  duty  only  as 
guards,  orderlies,  clerks,  and  messengers,  and  recruiting  officers  at  city  stations 
are  regarded  as  being  on  duty  without  troops  within  the  meaning  of  the  laws  and 
regulations. 


COMMUTATION   OF    QUARTERS STOPPAGES.  207 

1491.  An  officer  on  duty  at  a  station  where  he  is  properly  in  receipt  of  commuta- 
tion of  quarters  is  entitled  to  the  allowanc^e  during  ordinary  leave  on  full  pay,  but 
not  durinj^  sick  leave.  If  he  is  relieved  from  duty  at  the  station  and  then  granted  a 
leave,  his  commutation  ceases. 

1492.  An  officer  does  not  lose  his  right  to  quarters  or  commutation  at  his  perma- 
nent station  by  a  temporary  absence  on  duty.  While  he  continues  to  hold  that  right 
and  exercises  it  by  constructive  occupation  or  use  of  any  kind,  he  c^n  not  legally 
demand  quarters  nor  commutation  at  any  other  station.  Exceptions  to  this  rule  can 
only  be  made  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

1493.  When  the  connnand  to  which  an  officer  belongs  changes  stations  during 
his  temporary  absence  on  duty  he  loses  his  right  to  quarters  from  the  time  his  com- 
mand leaves  its  old  station  and  does  not  acquire  a  right  at  the  new  station  until  lie 
has  reported  for  duty  thereat.  He  is  entitled  in  the  meantime  to  quarters  or  com- 
mutation therefor  at  the  station  where  he  is  temporarily  serving. 

1494.  An  officer  relieved  from  duty  at  one  station,  where  he  was  entitled  to  com- 
mutation of  quarters,  and  assigned  to  another,  is  not  entitled  to  such  allowance  from 
the  date  of  relief  to  the  date  on  which  he  reports  in  person  at  the  new- station. 

1495.  Officers  who,  for  the  convenience  of  the  Government,  are  directed  to  await 
orders  for  a  linnted  period  at  a  point  where  there  are  no  public  quarters,  are  entitled 
to  commutation;  but  an  officer  ordered  to  his  home  to  await  orders  is  not  entitled  to 
this  allowance.  An  officer  ordered  to  report  by  letter  to  a  superior  does  not  become 
entitled  to  commutation  of  quarters  until  he  receives  a  specific  order  of  assignment 
and  reports  in  person  at  the  station  to  which  assigned. 

1496.  The  first  voucher  for  commutation  of  quarters  at  any  station  nmst  be 
accompanied  by  a  copy  of  the  order  assigning  the  officer  to  duty  thereat.  In  subse- 
(|uent  vouchers  the  paymaster  will  refer  by  number,  etc.,  to  the  voucher  with  which 
the  order  is  filed,  and  the  final  voucher  must  be  accompanied  by  the  authority  for, 
and  must  show  the  date  of  relief  from,  such  duty. 

STOPPAGBS. 

1497.  When  an  officer  has  been  overpaid,  or  is  indebted  to  the  United  S*ates  for 
money  or  property,  or  has  failed  properly  to  accouiit  for  the  same,  the  chief  of  the 
bureau  concerned  will  promptly  notify  him  of  the  amount  of  his  indebtedness  or 
his  failure  to  account.  If  after  such  notice  he  does  not  refund,  or  make  satisfactory 
explanation,  or  take  proper  action  within  a  reasonable  time,  the  matter  will  be 
rei)orted  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

149§.  On  the  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  stoppages  may  be  made  against  the 
pay  of  officers  for  overpayments,  illegal  disbursement,  or  loss  through  fraud  or  neg- 
lect of  the  public  funds,  and  for  deficiencies  in,  loss  of,  or  damage  to,  military  sup- 
plies, unless  proof  be  furnished  that  the  deficiency,  loss,  or  damage  was  not  occasioned 
by  any  fault  on  their  part. 

1499.  The  notice  of  stoppage  of  officers'  pay  will  be  prepared  in  the  form  of  a 
monthly  circular  to  paymasters,  advising  them  of  stoppages  outstanding  at  its  date. 
This  circular  will  be  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  War  for  his  approval  prior  to  its 
publication.  When  an  officer's  name  is  borne  thereon,  no  payment  of  salary  will  be 
made  to  him  which  is  not  in  accordance  with  the  stoppage  entry  made  against  his 
name. 

1500.  Overpayments  to  an  officer  will  be  deducted  on  the  first  payment  after  a 
ntitice  of  stoppage  against  him  is  received,  even  if  the  pay  accounts  have  been  assigned; 
the  assignee  takes  the  account  subject  to  all  risks  of  stoppage. 


208  PAYMENT    OF    ENLISTED    MEN. 


PAYMENT   OF   CADETS. 

1501.  Payment  on  pay  rolls  and  final  accounts  will  be  made  to  the  cadets  at  the 
Military  Academy  by  a  paymaster,  who  will  turn  over  the  net  amount  of  the  rolls 
and  accounts  to  the  treasurer  of  the  Academy. 

PAYMENT   OF   ENLISTED    MEN. 

1502.  Troops  will  be  paid  every  month  unless  circumstances  prevent,  in  which 
case  the  paymaster  charged  with  the  payment  will  immediately  report  the  facts 
through  his  chief  paymaster  to  the  Paymaster-General. 

1 503.  Payments  will  be  made  as  soon  after  the  close  of  each  month  as  practicable — 

1.  By  paymasters  in  person;  or 

2.  By  check  to  be  sent  by  registered  mail  or  express,  or  by  currency  shipped  by 
express. 

The  troops  at  posts  where  paymasters  are  stationed  and  others  in  their  immediate 
vicinity,  to  be  designated  in  instructions  issued  from  the  Adjutant-General's  office, 
will  be  paid  by  paymasters  in  j^erson. 

For  posts  at  which  payments  are  not  required  to  be  made  in  person,  the  paymaster 
will  transmit  the  pay  due  in  one  or  more  of  the  following  ways: 

1.  By  individual  check,  payable  to  the  order  of  each  man,  for  the  exact  amount  due. 

2.  By  inclosing  in  a  separate  sealed  envelope  the  exact  amount  in  currency  due 
each  soldier,  with  his  name  and  the  amount  inclosed  marked  thereon, 

1504.  So  far  as  relates  to  disbursements  at  the  Philippine  Islands  and  other  points, 
including  Alaska,  beyond  the  boundary  of  the  States  composing  the  Union,  and  for  the 
convenience  of  the  paymaster  in  obtaining  ready  money,  as  well  as  for  the  accommo- 
dation of  both  officers  and  men  at  such  distant  places,  a  check  may  be  drawn  for  a 
portion  of  the  pay  due  the  soldier  (or  officer),  in  which  case  it  will  be  drawn  in  favor 
of  the  soldier  (or  officer),  and  the  object  or  purpose  will  be  stated  as  **part  pay  for 

month  of ;"  if  for  any  sum  which  the  soldier  (or  officer)   may  desire  in 

exchange  for  money  after  he  has  been  paid,  the  check  will  be  drawn  by  the  pay- 
master in  favor  of  himself  and  indorsed  by  him  payable  to  the  order  of  the  soldier 
(or  officer),  and  the  object  or  purpose  will  be  stated  as  **to  obtain  cash  to  make  pay- 
ments at  a  distance  from  a  depository." 

1505.  Duplicate  pay  rolls  will  be  duly  signed  by  the  men,  and  forwarded  by  the 
commanding  officer  by  mail  to  the  paymaster  who  has  been  designated  by  the  depart- 
ment commander  to  pay  the  command. 

1506.  Calculations  on  the  pay  rolls  are  made  by  the  paymaster  and  copied  on  the 
retained  roll  by  the  company  or  detachment  commander,  who  will  certify  that  he 
witnessed  the  payment,  and  will  enter  thereon  the  name  of  the  paymaster. 

150T.  When  forwarding  the  rolls  the  post  commander  will  furnish  the  paymaster 
with  the  name,  rank,  etc.,  of  the  officer  designated  to  see  that  the  men  of  the  com- 
mand are  paid,  and  at  the  same  time  will  state  what  part  of  the  pay  can  conveniently 
be  received  by  the  men  in  individual  checks  and  cashed  at  or  near  the  post  without 
discount, designating  the  location  of  depository  on  which  it  is  desired  that  the  checks 
should  be  drawn,  and  whether  it  is  desired  that  the  checks  be  sent  by  mail  or  by 
express.     The  remainder  of  the  pay  will  be  sent  in  envelopes. 

150S.  The  paymaster  will,  as  far  as  practicable,  draw  the  checks  on  the  depos- 
itory designated;  the  checks,  when  not  sent  by  mail,  and  the  money  for  each  organ- 
ization will  be  inclosed  in  separate  packages  properly  marked,  and  the  whole  will  be 
consolidated  into  one  package  and  forwarded  by  express  to  the  post  commander. 
One  of  each  of  the  company  or  detachment  rolls,  extended  to  show  the  amounts  to 


PAYMENT    OF    ENLISTED   MEN.  209 

be  paid,  will  be  returned  to  the  coinmanding  officer  and  by  him  sent  to  the  proper 
company  commanders. 

1509.  The  paymaster  will,  in  the  presence  of  at  least  one  witness  personally,  pla^e 
in  each  envelope  the  exact  amount  of  money  due  the  soldier,  seal  the  same,  see  that 
the  name  of  the  soldier  and  amount  inclosed  is  marked  on  the  envelope,  and  that  the 
individual  checks  and  the  sealed  envelopes  are  inclosed  in  one  sealed  package,  upon 
the  outside  of  which  will  be  indorsed — 

1 .  Name  of  tlie  organization. 

2.  Number  of  checks  inclosed. 

8.  Number  of  sealed  envelopes  inclosed. 

4.  Total  amount  of  pay  due  and  remitted  less  deposits  $ . 

(a)  By  check $ 

(&)  By  currency $ 

5.  Signature  of  the  paymaster. 

All  the  packages  containing  checks  and  sealed  envelopes  for  the  several  organiza- 
tions, completed  and  indorsed  as  above,  will  be  made  up  into  one  parcel  and  sealed 
by  the  paymaster.  Upon  the  outside  will  be  marked  the  name  and  address  of  the 
post  or  other  command  and  the  names  of  the  subordinate  organizations  for  which  pay 
is  therein  remitted,  and  the  paymaster  will  append  thereto  his  signature. 

1510.  The  consolidated  package  thus  marked  and  addressed  to  the  commanding 
officer  will  be  turned  over  to  the  quartermaster,  who  will  forward  the  same  by  express 
to  its  destination. 

The  following  are  specimen  indorsements: 

For  the  Commanding  Officer,  Fort  Leaven-    • 
WORTH,  Kans. 
Contents  of  this  packayt. 
The  pay,  less  deposits,  due  for  month  of  Septem- 
ber, 1896,  for— 

N.  C.  O.  and  band,  20th  Infantry. 
Co.  A,  .... 

..  B^ 
..  c, 
..   J), 

"   E,  "         *• 

"   F, 

"  G,  "         " 

"   H, 

Troop  A,  6th  Cavalry. 

"  B, 
»  c, 
«     D, 

Hospital  Corps  Detachment. 
Post  N.  C.  Staff. 
In  making  up  the  contents  of  this  package  the 
provisions  of  paragraph  1509  of  the  Army  Regula- 
tions have  been  complied  with. 

John  Smith, 
Major  and  Paymaster. 

Pay  for  Troop  F,  8th  Cavalry,  September,  1896. 

Contents. 

43  sealed  envelopes $1,000.00 

17  checks 663.18 

60  remittances SI ,  563. 18 

John  Smith, 
Major  and  Paymaster. 

Private  Joseph  Thompson,  Co.  A,  20th  Infantry. 

ConterUs. 
$14.75  in  currency. 

22778—03 14 


210  PAYMENT    OF    ENLISTED    MEN. 

1511.  At  places  beyond  express  delivery  the  post  commander,  -when  notified 
by  the  paymaster  that  funds  sent  by  express  are  to  be  expected,  will  send  an  officer 
with  a  suitable  escort  to  receipt  for  the  express  package  and  convey  the  funds  to  the 
post.  The  name  of  the  officer  authorized  to  receipt  for  the  package  will  previously 
have  been  reported  to  the  paymaster. 

1512.  When  the  express  package  is  received  at  the  post  it  will  be  opened  in  the 
presence  of  witnesses  by  the  commanding  officer,  who  will  observe  the  condition  of 
the  seals,  verify  the  number  of  company  and  detachment  packages,  and  see  that  the 
marking  upon  them  conforms  to  these  instructions.  The  separate  sealed  packages 
containing  the  pay  for  the  several  companies  and  detachments  will  then  be  deliv- 
ered to  the  company  or  detachment  commanders  for  distribution,  which  will  be 
made  as  soon  as  practicable  thereafter;  but  in  no  case  will  such  distribution  be 
deferred  more  than  twenty-four  hours.  The  commanding  officer  will  be  responsible 
for  the  safe-keeping  of  the  packages  of  funds,  from  the  time  of  their  receipt  at  the 
post,  until  they  have  been  turned  over  to  the  company  and  detachment  com- 
manders for  distribution. 

1513.  When  a  company  or  detachment  is  paraded  -for  pay  the  company  or 
detachment  commander  will  open  the  package  containing  the  pay  for  his  company 
or  detachment  in  the  presence  of  at  least  one  witness,  who  shall  be  a  commissioned 
officer;  or,  in  the  absence  of  a  commissioned  officer,  the  verification  and  delivery 
may  be  witnessed  by  a  contract  surgeon.  The  number  of  checks  in  the  package  and 
the  number  of  sealed  envelopes,  purporting  to  contain  the  pay  of  individual  soldiers, 
will  be  counted,  and  the  agreement  of  this  number  with  the  record  made  by  the 
paymaster  upon  the  wrapper  will  be  verified  by  both  officers,  and  the  amount 
marked  on  the  sealed  envelope  as  the  pay  due  each  man  will  be  verified  by  com- 
parison with  the  pay  roll  before  the  distribution  begins.  As  each  man's  name  is 
called  the  check  drawn  to  his  order  will  be  given  to  him  by  his  company  or  detach- 
ment commander,  or  the  envelope  bearing  the  man's  name  will  be  opened,  its  con- 
tents verified  by  comparison  with  the  marks  on  the  envelope  or  with  the  pay  roll, 
and  the  money  handed  to  the  soldier  by  said  officer,  all  in  presence  and  under  the 
personal  observation  of  the  officer  designated  to  witness  the  payment. 

1514.  Should  there  be  a  deficiency  it  will  be  so  certified  on  the  roll  by  the  pay- 
ing and  verifying  officers,  and  should  there  be  an  excess  the  surplus  will  be  returned 
to  the  paymaster.  In  each  case  a  statement  of  the  facts,  with  appropriate  certifi- 
cates, will  be  sent  to  the  paymaster  by  the  post  commander. 

1515.  In  case  of  error  or  informality  a  statement  of  the  facts  as  found  to  exist 
will  be  immediately  indorsed  upon  the  envelope  or  wrapper,  as  the  case  may  be, 
and  the  officers  present  will  certify  to  the  correctness  of  the  statement  and  lay  the 
same  before  the  commanding  officer. 

1516.  The  copy  of  the  pay  roll  of  each  organization,  which  the  paymaster  is 
required  by  i)aragraph  1508  of  the  Regulations  to  return  to  the  post,  will  be  re-for- 
warded to  the  paymaster  by  the  commanding  officer,  without  delay,  after  the  pay- 
ment is  completed. 

1517.  Should  any  error  or  informality  be  discovered  in  a  check  it  will  be  returned 
to  the  paymaster,  whc^  will  correct  the  same  and  return  it  with  the  least  practicable 
delay.  The  roll  will  be  returned  to  the  paymaster  after  payment  of  the  company 
with  a  note  thereon,  verified  by  the  witnessing  officer,  stating  the  facts  as  to  the 
erroneous  check.  The  receipt  of  the  corrected  check  will  be  certified  by  the  com- 
pany commander  to  the  paymaster  who  will  file  such  certificate  with  the  pay  rolls. 

151§.  Should  the  bank  or  person  who  cashes  the  individual  check  so  desire,  the 
company  commander  will  certify  to  the  correctness  of  the  indorsements  made  by  his 
men  upon  their  respective  checks. 


PAYMENT    OF   ENLISTED   MEN.  211 

1519.  Each  company  commander,  after  making  the  payment  to  the  company  will 
BO  certify  on  the  roll,  which  he  will  then  transmit  to  the  paymaster.  When  the  pay- 
master has  received  this  witnessed  roll  he  will  send  the  dupUcate  to  be  witnessed 
and  returned.  Should  it  be  impracticable,  owing  to  his  absence  or  incapacity,  to 
secure  the  signature  of  the  witnessing  officer  to  the  second  roll,  any  commissioned 
oflficer  may  make  upon  it  an  official  copy  of  the  witnessing  officer's  certificate  and 
signature  as  evidenced  by  the  retained  roll. 

1520.  Should  a  soldier  die  or  desert  in  the  interval  between  signing  the  pay  rolls 
and  the  receipt  of  the  money  at  the  post  from  the  paymaster  the  check  or  cash  will  be 
immediately  returned  to  the  paymaster,  the  cash  by  express,  the  check  by  registered 
mail,  and  a  note  of  explanation,  stating  the  fact  of  nonpayment  and  return  of  the 
check  or  money,  will  be  made  on  the  roll,  verified  by  the  signature  of  the  witnessing 
officer.  Tne  same  course  will  be  pursued  should  a  soldier  decline  to  receive  his  pay, 
or  if  for  any  other  reason  it  should  be  impracticable  to  deliver  it  to  him  in  person. 
When  a  paymaster  has  had  money  returned  to  him  in  such  cases  he  will  cancel  the 
signature  of  the  soldier  on  the  roll. 

1521.  When  companies  or  detachments  of  troops  are  absent  from  their  stations 
for  atJ  indefinite  period,  and  funds  for  their  payment  can  not  be  sent  by  express,  the 
rolls  will  be  held  and  not  sent  to  the  paymaster  until  the  troops  reach  some  point  to 
which  it  is  practicable  to  send  funds.  When  a  command  can  be  mustered  and  the 
rolls  completed  and  duly  signed  by  the  men,  they  can  be  sent  to  the  paymaster  to  be 
made  out  and  held  by  him  until  notified  where  and  when  the  command  can  be  paid. 
In  cases  where  the  rolls  have  been  sent  to  the  paymaster  and  the  troops  are  sent 
away  irc  m  their  station  before  the  receipt  of  funds  for  their  payment,  post  com- 
manders will  not  hold  the  money  at  their  discretion,  but  will  retiu-n  the  rolls  and 
tht^  money  to  the  paymaster  unless  payment  can  be  made  within  a  reasonable  time, 
not  exceeding  three  days. 

1 522.  Should  a  soldier  decline  to  receive  his  pay,  or  if  for  any  other  reason  than 
those  mentioned  it  should  be  impracticable  to  deliver  it  to  him,  the  money  or  check 
will  be  returned  to  the  paymaster  without  delay,  by  express  or  registered  mail,  the 
man's  signature  on  the  roll  canceled,  and  a  note  of  explanation  verified  by  the  ag- 
nature  of  the  witnessing  officer  made  upon  the  roll. 

1523.  Deposits  may  be  made  in  the  usual  manner,  the  amount  to  be  deposited 
being  reported  to  the  paymaster  by  letter  forwarded  with  the  rolls,  the  soldier's 
deposit  book  being  also  forwarded  therewith.  Should  a  man  desire  to  deposit  a  sum 
greater  than  his  pay  his  company  commander  will  see  that  a  proper  check,  postal 
order,  or  express  order  accompanies  his  deposit  book;  if  neither  check  nor  order  can 
be  obtained  the  company  commander  will  send  the  money  by  registered  mail  at 
public  expense,  verifying  the  amount  and  reporting  it  in  a  separate  communication 
to  the  paymaster.  Deposit  books  will  be  returned  by  the  paymaster  to  the  company 
commander  properly  filled  in  for  attestation. 

1 524.  Troops  in  the  field  will  be  paid  by  currency  in  envelopes,  unless  the  depart- 
ment commander  directs  personal  payment  by  the  paymaster. 

1525.  In  time  of  war  troops  in  active  campaign  will  be  paid  by  paymasters  in 
person;  troops  in  garrison  may  be  paid  by  the  paymaster  or  by  checks  or  currency 
in  envelopes;  troops  in  campaign  by  either  of  these  methods,  as  the  army  or  depart- 
ment commander  may  direct. 

1526.  Payments  to  enlisted  men  will  be  made  on  pay  rolls,  with  the  following 
exceptions:  Enlisted  men  retired,  and  men  of  the  post  noncommissioned  staff,  or 
acting  as  such,  and  sergeants,  corporals,  and  privates  of  the  Signal  Corps  on  duty 
where  there  are  no  other  troops.  These  will  be  paid  on  their  descriptive  lists  by 
the  cliief  paymaster  of  the  department,  or  a  paymaster  designated  by  him;  if  not 


212  REENLISTMENT   PAY ALLOTMENTS. 

under  the  oraers  of  the  department  commander,  they  will  be  paid  bv  a  paymaster 
designated  by  the  Paymaster-General.  Payments  to  discharged  soldiers  will  be  made 
by  any  paymaster  under  the  provisions  of  paragraphs  1559  to  1566. 

1527.  All  enlisted  men  present  will  receipt  the  pay  roll  for  the  amount  due  them 
thereon.  When  a  soldier  can  not  write  he  will  receipt  by  his  mark,  which  will  be 
witnessed  by  a  commissioned  officer,  or,  in  the  absence  of  a  commissioned  officer  by 
a,  contract  surgeon. 

REENLISTMENT   AND   CONTINUOUS-SERVICE   PAY. 

152$.  Reenlistmeiit  pay,  under  section  1282,  Revised  Statutes,  and  act  of  August 
1,  1894,  will  be  allowed  to  all  enlisted  men  at  the  rate  of  pay  provided  for  the  fifth 
year  of  continuous  service.  One  dollar  per  month  of  this  pay,  however,  will  be 
retained  until  the  soldier's  discharge  from  such  reenlistment,  subject  to  forfeiture 
unless  he  serves  honestly  and  faithfully  to  that  date.  This  reenlistment  pay  having 
been  once  earned  by  five  years'  continuous  service  will  be  paid  to  the  soldier  during 
all  subsequent  service,  whatever  period  of  time  may  intervene  between  enlistment 
and  prior  discharge,  subject  to  the  same  conditions  in  regard  to  retention  and 
forfeiture. 

1529.  Continuous-service  pay  at  the  rate  of  $2.00  per  month  will  be  paid  to  all 
enlisted  men  who  have  served  continuously  for  a  longer  period  than  five  years,  and 
for  each  successive  period  of  five  years,  so  long  as  they  shall  remain  continuously  in 
the  Army,  an  additional  monthly  allowance  of  $1.00.  A  reenlistment  after  a  period 
exceeding  three  months  from  date  of  discharge  does  not  entitle  the  soldier  to  con- 
tinous-service  pay.  One  or  more  terms  of  service  rendered  prior  to  August  4,  1854, 
will  be  counted  as  five  years'  continuous  service. 

1530.  The  reenlistment  pay  of  an  enlisted  man  not  entitled  to  continuous-service 
allowances  will  be  indicated  on  the  muster  and  pay  rolls  as  * '  entitled  to  reenlisted 
pay."  If  entitled  to  both  reenlistment  and  continuous-service  pay,  then  as  "$2.00 
per  month  for  five  years'  continuous  service;"  "$3.00  per  month  for  ten  years'  con- 
tinuous service;"   "$4.00  per  month  for  fifteen  years'  continuous  service,"  etc. 

ALLOTMENTS   OF   PAY    BY   ENLISTED    MEN. 

1531.  Every  soldier  in  the  Army  of  the  United  States  absent  on  distant  duty 
shall  be  allowed  to  allot  such  portion  of  his  pay  as  he  may  desire  for  the  support  of 
his  family  or  relatives,  for  his  own  savings,  or  for  any  other  purpose. 

15^2.  As  soon  as  possible  after  the  receipt  of  an  order  for  distant  duty  the  com- 
manding officers  of  troops,  batteries,  companies,  bands,  noncommissioned  staff,  sig- 
nal and  hospital  corps,  or  any  other  detachments  affected  by  this  order,  shall  report 
to  the  Paymaster-General,  United  States  Army,  on  prescribed  blanks,  the  names  of 
all  men  of  their  organizations  who  desire  to  make  allotments,  and  thereafter,  on  the 
last  day  of  each  month,  said  commanding  officers  shall  report,  on  prescribed  blanks, 
to  the  Paymaster-General,  United  States  Army,  the  names  of  all  men  of  their  organi- 
zations who  during  the  month  begin  an  allotment  period.  These  reports  shall  be 
forwarded  by  registered  mail,  and  on  their  receipt  the  Paymaster-General  shall 
make  acknowledgment  to  the  respective  commanding  officers,  stating  the  names  of 
grantors  and  the  amounts  and  periods  of  the  allotments. 

1533.  All  allotments  shall  be  executed  in  duplicate  and  witnessed  by  the  respec- 
tive commanding  officers  specified  in  paragraph  1532,  one  copy  to  be  retained  by  said 
commanding  officers  and  the  other  to  be  forwarded  immediately  to  the  Paymaster- 
General,  United  States  Army.  An  allotment  shall  be  made  payable  on  the  last  day 
of  each  month  and  for  a  stated  period. 

1534.  On  the  death,  discharge,  or  desertion  of  a  soldier  who  has  an  allotment 
running  the  allotment  ceases.    In  case  of  forfeiture  by  sentence  of  a  court-martial, 


ALLOTMENTS.  218 

the  allotment,  or  so  much  thereof  as  is  required  to  meet  said  forfeiture,  will  be  sus- 
j tended  during  the  period  of  the  sentence,  and  the  immediate  commanding  officers 
will  report  as  expeditiously  as  possible  to  department  and  (•()ri)s  (toimnanders  the 
names  of  grantors  whose  allotments  thus  cease  or  are  suspendetl,  as  well  as  cases  of 
reduction  in  grade  of  a  soldier  who  has  made  an  allotment  whereby  his  pay  has 
1)ecome  less  than  the  amount  he  has  allotted,  and  the  department  or  corps  com- 
mander will  promptly  telegraph  such  notifications  to  the  Paymaster-General. 

1 535.  On  the  last  day  of  each  month  the  commanding  officers  specified  in  para- 
grai)h  15.S2  shall  submit  to  the  Paymaster-General,  on  prescribed  blanks,  a  report  of 
allotments,  if  any,  to  be  discontinued  in  the  month  next  succeeding,  and  such  allot- 
ments as  are  to  be  discontinued  by  the  act  of  the  grantor  or  by  reason  of  paragraph 
1542  shall  be  payable  for  one  month  from  the  date  of  such  report.  Upon  the  receipt 
of  this  report  the  Paymaster-General  shall  at  once  acknowledge  the  same  to  the  said 
commanding  officers. 

1536.  Payment  to  allottees  shall  be  made  by  one  or  more  paymasters,  to  be  des- 
ignated by  the  Paymaster-General,  United  States  Army.  Said  disbursing  officer 
shall,  before  making  payment  of  such  allotment,  use,  or  shall  have  used,  due  dili- 
gence in  obtaining  and  making  use  of  all  information  that  may  have  been  received 
in  the  AVar  Department  relative  to  the  grantors  of  the  allotments. 

1537.  If  an  erroneous  payment  is  m'ade  because  of  the  failure  of  an  officer 
res}>onsible  for  such  report  to  report,  in  the  manner  prescribed  by  the  Secretary  of 
War,  the  death  of  the  grantor,  or  any  fact  which  renders  the  allotment  not  payable, 
then  the  amount  of  such  erroneous  payment  shall  be  collected  by  the  Paymaster- 
General  from  the  officer  wlio  fails  to  make  such  report,  if  such  collection  is  practicable. 

153§.  All  allotments  of  pay  of  enlisted  men  that  have  been  or  shall  be  paid  to 
the  designated  allottees,  after  the  expiration  of  one  month  subsequent  to  the  month 
in  which  said  allotments  accrued,  shall  pass  to  the  credit  of  the  disbursing  officer 
who  has  made  or  shall  make  such  payment. 

1539.  In  case  of  the  capture,  by  the  enemy  of  soldiers  who  have  made  allotments 
which  may  expire  after  their  capture,  the  monthly  payments  of  the  same  shall 
be  continued  until  otherwise  ordered  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

1540.  In  case  of  the  transfer  of  a  soldier  whose  period  of  allotment  still  con- 
tinues, all  the  data  respecting  said  allotments  shall  be  entered  on  his  descriptive  list, 
and  the  commanding  offi(ter  of  the  troop,  battery,  or  company  from  which  he  is 
transferred  shall  at  onc-e  report  such  transfer  to  the  Paymaster-General,  United 
States  Army. 

1541.  The  date,  period,  and  amount  of  allotment  shall  l)e  entered  as  a  part  of 
the  soldier's  record  in  the  descriptive  book  and  also  noted  on  each  pay  roll  during 
the  period  of  allotment.  The  discontinuance  or  suspension  of  an  allotment  shall  be 
similarly  entered  and  noted. 

1542.  When  the  grantor  of  an  allotment  is  soon  entitled  to  discharge  and  is  so 
much  in  debt  to  the  United  States  that  it  will  require  the  whole  or  a  part  of  his 
allotted  pay  to  ciincel  his  obligation,  this  allotment  shall  be  terminated  in  the  ])re- 
scrined  manner. 

1543.  Upon  receiving  information  of  the  death  of  any  |>erson  to  whom  an  allot- 
ment is  payable  by  him,  the  paymaster  properly  designated  to  pay  this  allotment 
shall  at  once  report  this  fact  to  the  Paymaster-General,  United  Statcis  Army,  who 
shall  forthwith  inform  the  grantor's  immediate  comn)anding  officer. 

1544.  When  an  allotment  is  discontinued,  at  the  request  of  the  person  making  it, 
before  the  exi)iration  of  the  term  for  which  it  is  granted,  it  shall  not  be  renewed 
within  that  term  except  by  permission  of  the  regimental  or  post  commander,  on  sat" 
isfactory  reasons  being  given  for  su(;h  discontinuance  and  renewal. 


214  FORFEITUEES CERTIFICATES    OF   MERIT DEPOSITS. 


FORFEITURES    AND    DEDUCTIONS. 


1545.  The  paymaster  will  deduct  from  the  pay  of  all  soldiers  12|^  cents  per  month 
for  the  support  of  the  Soldiers'  Home,  the  same  to  be  deducted  bimonthly  on  the 
February,  April,  etc.,  rolls.  At  the  time  of  payment  he  will  also  deduct  the  author- 
ized stoppages  entered  on  the  pay  rolls,  descriptive  lists,  or  final  statements. 


CERTIFICATE   OF    MERIT. 


1546.  "A  certificate  of  merit  granted  to  an  enlisted  man  for  distinpuished  service 
entitles  him,  from  the  date  of  such  service,  to  additional  pay  at  the  rate  of  $2.00  per 
month  while  in  the  Army,  although  such  service  may  not  be  continuous. 


154T.  Any  enlisted  man,  not  retired,  may  deposit  his  savings  with  any  paymas- 
ter in  sums  not  less  than  $5.00,  the  same  to  remain  so  deposited  imtil  final  payment 
on  discharge.  The  paymaster  will  furnish  the  depositor  with  a  book,  in  which  each 
deposit,  with  name  of  depositor,  date,  place,  and  amount,  in  words  and  figures,  will 
be  entered  in  the  form  of  a  certificate,  signed  by  the  paymaster  and  company  com- 
mander. The  company  commander  will  keep  in  the  company  record  book  an  account 
of  every  deposit  made  by  the  soldier;  and  after  each  regular  payment  he,  and  all  ofli- 
cers  having  (charge  of  detachments  of  enlisted  men  at  date  of  deposit,  will  transmit 
direct  to  the  Paymaster-General  a  list  of  names  of  depositors,  showing  in  each  case 
the  date,  place,  and  amount  of  deposit,  and  name  of  paymaster  receiving  the  same. 
Each  report  will  be  restricted  to,  and  will  include  only  deposits  with,  a  single  pay- 
master on  a  given  date.  These  lists,  before  transmittal,  will  be  examined  and  com- 
pared with  the  record  of  deposits  on  the  company  or  detachment  book  and  the  deposit 
book  of  the  soldier.  Should  a  soldier  who  has  made  a  deposit  be  transferred  or 
desert,  the  fact  will  be  promptly  reported  direct  to  the  Paymaster-General  by  the 
officer  in  command  of  the  company  or  detachment  to  which  he  belonged.  In  case 
of  transfer,  his  descriptive  list  will  be  made  to  exhibit  the  date  and  amount  of  each 
deposit. 

154§.  On  the  discharge  of  a  soldier,  the  date  and  amount,  in  words  and  figures, 
of  each  of  his  deposits  will  be  entered  upon  his  final  statements,  and  his  deposit  book 
will  be  taken  up  by  the  paymaster  who  pays  him  and  filed  with  the  voucher  of  pay- 
ment. In  case  deposits  are  forfeited  by  desertion,  the  amounts  of  the  same  will  be 
entered  on  the  final  statements  under  the  head  "Remarks,"  and  the  facts  and 
authority  for  such  forfeiture  given. 

1549.  Before  delivering  final  statements  upon  which  deposits  are  credited,  the 
officer  signing  them  will  ascertain  whether  the  soldier  has  the  deposit  book;  and,  if 
so,  instruct  him  to  present  it  to  the  paymaster.  Should  he  claim  to  have  lost  it,  the 
officer  will  cause  his  affidavit  to  that  effect  to  be  taken  and  attached  to  the  state- 
ments. The  affidavit  will  clearly  state  the  circumstances  attending  loss  of  the  book, 
and  show  that  the  soldier  has  not  sold  or  assigned  it.  Upon  this  evidence  the  pay- 
master may  pay,  and  the  responsibility  for  the  correctness  of  amounts  credited  on 
the  statements  will  rest  with  the  officer  certifying  them. 

1550.  Paymasters  will  not  pay  deposits  except  on  final  statements.  When  they 
are  not  paid,  the  soldier  should  forward  his  deposit  book  or  the  evidence  referred  to 
in  the  preceding  paragraph  to  the  Paymaster-General.  Enlisted  men  should  be 
informed  of  the  importance  of  preserving  deposit  books  as  the  only  certain  means  of 
insuring  prompt  repayment. 

1551.  A  soldier  must  draw  his  deposit  when  he  is  discharged.  He  can  then 
renew  it  after  reenlistment,  and  will  be  entitled  to  interest  from  date  of  such  renewal. 
Failure  to  present  the  final  statements  for  payment  leaves  the  money  without  interest 
until  drawn  and  again  deposited. 


DEPOSITS DESERTERS DISCHARGED   SOLDIERS.  215 

1552.  For  any  sum  of  not  less  than  five  dollars  deposited  for  the  period  of  six 
months  or  longer,  the  soldier,  when  discharged,  will  be  paid  interest  at  the  rate  of 
4  per  cent  per  annum  to  date  of  discharge. 

1 55:J.  On  the  death  of  a  soldier,  each  deposit,  with  amount,  date,  place,  and 
paymaster  with  whom  deposited,  will  be  noted  in  the  inventory  of  his  effects  and 
( >n  the  accompanying  final  statements  with  which  his  deposit  book  will  be  filed. 

1554.  Both  deposits  and  interest  will  be  forfeited  by  desertion,  but  are  exempt 
from  forfeiture  by  sentence  of  court-martial  and  from  liability  for  the  soldier's  debts. 

1555.  If  an  enlisted  man  deposits  money  with  the  company  or  post  commander, 
the  same  to  be  applied  for  purchase  of  his  discharge,  the  oflicer  will  immediately 
upon  receipt  of  order  for  discharge  of  the  man  forward  the  moiiey  to  a  paymaster 
for  deposit  under  paragraph  156  of  the  Regulations,  and  send  to  the  Paymaster- 
General  the  usual  notification  of  deposit  (Form  16,  A.  G.  O.).  On  return  of  the 
deposit  book  by  the  paymaster,  the  final  statements  can  be  completed  by  notation 
of  the  deposit  thereon,  thus  showing  on  their  face  the  total  credit  of  the  soldier. 

PAY   OF   DESERTERS. 

(See  Art.  XIX.) 

1556.  An  enlisted  man  charged  with  desertion  will  not  receive  pay  until  his 
offense  has  been  investigated  by  a  court-martial,  or  he  has  been  restored  to  duty 
withijut  trial,  or  the  charge  has  been  set  aside  as  having  been  erroneously  made. 

1557.  Every -fleserter  forfeits  all  pay  and  allowances  due  at  the  date  of  desertion. 
Stoppages  and  forfeitures  then  due  will  be  deducted  from  his  arrears  of  pay,  and,  if 
not  so  satisfied,  from  pay  due  after  apprehension.  The  company  commander  will 
note  upon  the  first  muster  roll  after  apprehension  all  data  necessary  to  a  complete 
settlement  of  the  soldier's  account  from  the  date  of  last  payment,  and  will  carry  the 
account  to  subsequent  rolls  until  the  settlement  is  made. 

155§.  No  settlement  of  the  pay  account  of  any  enlisted  man  will  be  made  on  the 
rolls  until  sufficient  pay  shall  have  accrued  to  satisfy  all  dues  to  the  United  States  and 
pay  a  balance  to  the  soldier.  The  required  data  will  include  date  of  last  payment, 
desertion,  and  apprehension,  credits  at  date  of  desertion  on  account  of  clothing, 
unsatisfied  forfeitures  under  prior  sentences,  and  dues  to  the  United  States  at  date  of 
desertion  on  account  of  clothing,  subsistence,  ordnance,  etc.  If,  while  absent  in  deser- 
tion, he  illegally  enlisted  in  another  organization,  the  date  of  last  payment  in  such 
enlistment  and  all  stoppage  due  the  United  States  at  date  of  surrender  or  apprehen- 
sion will  be  stated. 

PAYMENT   OF   DISCHARGED   SOLDIERS. 

(See  Art.  XXI.) 

1559.  Discharged  soldiers  will  be  paid  on  final  statements  prepared  in  duplicate 
and  furnished  to  them  by  their  comjiany  or  detachment  commanders.  Payment 
will  be  made  only  on  presentation  of  both  copies.  P^xcept  when  notified  as  pre- 
scrilK'd  in  paragraph  166,  paymasters  will  not  pay  discharged  soldiers,  unless  other- 
wise satisfied  of  the  genuineness  of  the  discharge  papers  and  the  identity  of  the 
claimants. 

1500.  Upon  payment  of  the  final  statements  of  a  discharged  soUlier,  the  pay- 
master will  write  on  the  discharge  "Paid  in  full,"  with  his  signature,  noting  amounts 
])aid,  except  when  the  final  statements  have  been  transferred  and  are  not  accom- 
panied by  the  discharge.  The  day  of  enlistment  and  the  day  of  discharge  will  Inith 
be  included  in  reckoning  pay. 


216  DISCHARGED    SOLDIERS MISCELLANEOUS. 

1561.  Paymasters,  or  other  officers  to  whom  a  discharged  soldier  reports  the  loss 
or  nonreceipt  by  him  of  final  statements  to  which  he  is  entitled,  will  report  the  fact 
to  the  Paymaster-General,  with  any  evidence  the  soldier  furnishes  them  in  the  mat- 
ter. The  Paymaster-General  will  transmit  the  evidence  to  the  Auditor  for  the  War 
Department. 

156S.  An  enlisted  man  when  discharged  from  the  service,  except  by  way  of 
punishment  for  an  offense,  shall  receive  four  cents  per  mile  from  the  place  of  his 
discharge  to  the  place  of  his  enlistment,  enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  serv- 
ice, except  that  for  all  sea  travel  on  discharge  transportation  and  subsistence  in  kind 
only  shall  be  furnished  to  him  as  prescribed  in  paragraph  1421. 

1563.  Paymasters  when  paying  final  statements  of  soldiers  discharged  under 
above  conditions  will  include  in  such  payments  travel  allowances  from  station  to 
port  of  embarkation  and  from  port  of  arrival  in  the  United  States  to  place  of  enlist- 
ment or  enrollment. 

1564.  An  enlisted  man  discharged  for  minority  concealed  at  enlistment,  or  for 
other  cause  involving  fraud  on  his  part  in  the  enlistment,  is  not  entitled  to  pay  and 
allowances,  including  those  for  travel,  and  will  not  receive  final  statements  unless 
deposits  or  detained  pay  are  due  him,  in  which  case  final  statements,  containing  only 
a  list  of  his  deposits  or  the  amount  of  detained  pay,  will  be  furnished. 

1565.  Recruits  are  entitled  to  pay  and  allowances  when  discharged  on  certificates 
of  disability.  When  discharged  for  any  cause  involving  fraud  on  their  part  at  enlist- 
ment, paragraph  1564  will  govern. 

1566.  The  transfer  by  an  enlisted  man  of  a  claim  for  pay  due  on  his  final  state- 
ments will  be  recognized  only  when  made  after  discharge,  in  writing,  indorsed  on 
the  final  statements,  signed  by  the  soldier,  and  witnessed  by  a  commissioned  officer 
or  by  some  other  reputable  person  known  to  the  paymaster.  The  person  witnessing 
the  transfer  must  indorse  on  the  discharge  the  fact  of  transfer  of  the  final  statements, 
and  on  the  final  statements  the  fact  that  such  indorsement  has  been  made  on  the 
discharge. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 

156'J'.  When  a  paymaster  has  made  an  incorrect  payment  to  an  enlisted  man,  he 
will  report  the  fact  to  the  commander  of  the  company  in  which  the  man  is  mustered, 
who  will  note  the  same  on  the  next  muster  and  pay  roll,  that  it  may  be  corrected. 

156§.  Authorized  stoppages  will  be  entered  on  the  rolls  and  paid  in  the  following 
order: 

1.  Reimbursements  to  the  United  States  for  the  loss  or  damage  to  arms,  equip- 
ments, or  other  public  property,  the  nature  of  which  will  be  clearly  stated,  extra 
issues  of  clothing,  transportation,  subsistence,  expense  of  apprehending  deserters. 

2.  Amounts  paid  post  exchange  and  laundrymen  at  recruit  rendezvous. 

3.  Reimbursements  to  individuals  (as  the  paymaster,  for  instance). 

4.  Forfeitures  for  desertion,  and  fines  by  sentence  of  court-martial. 

6.  Articles  of  camp  and  garrison  equipage  must  be  charged  on  the  pay  rolls  as  such; 
and  other  articles  of  quartermaster's  stores  or  property  must  be  enumerated,  and  the 
price  stated  in  the  column  of  **  Remarks,"  in  order  that  the  proper  appropriation 
may  be  credited  with  the  amounts  collected. 


THE   MEDICAL    DEPARTMENT.  217 

1569.  Officers  of  the  Pay  Department  will  not  give  receipts  except  in  the  follow- 
ing cases: 

1 .  For  transfers  of  money. 

2.  For  money  of  deceased  soldiers  or  of  deserters. 

3.  For  stoppages  authorized  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  for  which  the  Paymaster- 
General  may  direct  receipts  to  be  given. 

4.  For  refundments  made  by  officers  on  account  of  overpayments  made  by  ])ay- 
m  asters. 

In  all  other  cases  the  party  turning  over  or  refunding  money  should  i)la(te  it  in 
some  authorized  public  depository  or  transfer  it  io  a  disbursing  officer  of  the  depart- 
ment to  which  the  money  belongs. 

ARTICLE  LXXXI. 

Medical  Department.' 
general  provisions. 

1570.  The  Medical  Department,  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  is 
charged  with  the  duty  of  investigating  the  sanitary  condition  of  the  Army  and  mak- 
ing recommendations  in  reference  thereto,  with  the  duty  of  caring  for  the  sick  and 
wounded,  making  physical  examinations  of  officers  and  enlisted  men,  the  man- 
agement and  control  of  military  hospitals,  the  recruitment,  instruction,  and  control 
of  the  Hospital  Corps  and  of  the  Army  Nurse  Corps  (female),  and  furnishing  all 
medical  and  hospital  supplies,  except  for  public  animals. 

15f  1.  The  surgeon,  under  the  direction  of  the  commanding  officer,  will  supervise 
the  hygiene  of  the  post  or  command,  and  recommend  such  measures  as  he  may  deem 
necessary  to  prevent  or  diminish  disease.  He  will  examine,  at  least  once  a  month, 
and  note  in  the  medical  history  of  the  post  the  sanitary  condition  of  all  public  build- 
ings, the  drainage,  the  sewerage,  amount  and  quality  of  the  water  supply,  the  clothing 
and  habits  of  the  men,  and  character  and  cooking  of  the  food,  and  immediately  after 
such  examination  will  report  thereon  in  writing  to  the  commanding  officer,  with 
such  recommendations  as  he  may  deem  proper.  The  commanding  officer  will  return 
the  report,  with  his  views  and  action  indorsed  thereon,  and  if  he  deem  the  action 
recommended  impracticable  or  undesirable,  will  state  fully  his  objections.  The 
indorsement  will  be  recorded  in  the  medical  history  of  the  post,  and  the  report  and 
indorsement  will  be  forwarded  by  the  surgeon,  through  military  channels,  to  the 
Surgeon-General. 

APPOINTMENTS. 

1572.  No  person  will  be  appointed  an  assistant  surgeon  in  the  permanent  estab- 
lishment unless  he  has  been  examined  and  approved  by  a  board  consisting  of  not  less 
than  three  medical  officers  designated  by  the  Secretary  of  War;  and  no  person  will 
be  appointed  a  surgeon  unless  he  has  served  five  years  as?  an  assistant  surgeon  in  the 
Army,  and  has  been  examined  and  approved  by  a  board  consisting  of  not  less  than 
three  medical  officers  of  the  Army,  designated  as  aforesaid. 

1573.  No  allowance  will  be  made  for  the  expenses  of  persons  undergoing  exami- 
nation, but  those  who  receive  appointments  will  be  entitled  to  travel  allowances  in 
obeying  the  first  order  assigning  them  to  duty. 

1  Regulations  for  the  government  of  the  Medical  Department,  prepared  and  published  under  the 
antliority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  are  distributed  to  its  officers  by  the  Surgeon-General.  Only  such 
regulations  are  herein  given  as  are  general  in  their  nature  or  aflfect  other  branches  of  the  service. 


218        CONTRACT  SURGEONS DENTAL  SURGEONS. 

CONTRACT  SURGEONS,  CONTRACT  DENTAL  SURGEONS. 

1574.  Civilian  physicians  and  dentists  may  be  employed  as  contract  surgeons  and 
contract  dental  surgeons  under  contracts  entered  into  by,  or  with  the  authority  of,  the 
Surgeon-General  of  the  Army.  They  are  entitled  to  the  transportation  and  fuel 
allowances  of  first  lieutenants,  and  when  on  duty  at  a  post  or  station  where  there  are 
public  quarters  belonging  to  the  United  States  shall  receive  the  quarters  in  kind 
allowed  by  law  to  an  assistant  surgeon  of  the  rank  of  first  lieutenant;  they  are  not 
entitled  to  commutation  of  quarters,  nor  to  the  ten  per  centum  increase  of  pay  when 
serving  beyond  the  territorial  limits  of  the  United  States. 

1575.  Contract  surgeons  are  entitled  to  the  same  protection  in  their  positions  and 
the  same  respect  and  obedience  from  enlisted  men  as  commissioned  officers. 

1576.  Whenever  the  contract  of  a  physician  or  dentist  is  annulled,  the  fact  and 
date  of  annullment  will  be  noted  in  writing  on  his  contract,  and  when  ordered  to  his 
home  for  annullment  of  contract,  such  fact  will  also  be  noted  thereon  by  the  oflicer 
under  whose  orders  he  may  at  the  time  be  serving. 

1577.  The  services  rendered  by  a  contract  surgeon  are  not  restricted  to  those  of 
a  purely  professional  character;  on  the  contrary,  his  eligibility  for  duty  is  the  same 
as  that  of  an  assistant  surgeon,  except  in  so  far  as  it  is  limited  by  the  fact  that  he  is 
not  \  commissioned  officer.  A  contract  surgeon  is  accordingly  not  eligible  for  detail 
on  courts-martial,  but  he  may  be  detailed  on  councils  of  administration,  boards  of 
survey,  and  as  post  treasurer,  etc.,  and  may  witness  payments  to  enlisted  men  under 
the  provisions  of  paragraph  1502  to  1527  of  the  Regulations. 

CONTRACT  DENTAL  SURGEONS. 

157§.  Candidates  for  appointment  as  dental  surgeons  must  be  not  less  than 
twenty-four  nor  more  than  forty  years  of  age.  They  must  be  graduates  of  standard 
medical  or  dental  colleges,  trained  in  the  several  branches  of  dentistry,  of  good  moral 
and  professional  character,  and,  prior  to  appointment,  will  be  required  to  pass  a 
satisfactory  professional  examination  before  a  board  of  dental  surgeons  to  be  con- 
vened for  that  purpose  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

1570.  Contracts  with  dental  surgeons  will  be  made  for  three  years,  but  may  be 
annulled  at  any  time  by  the  commanding  general  of  a  military  department,  after  offi- 
cial investigation,  for  conduct  to  the  prejudice  of  good  order  and  military  discipline, 
or  by  the  Surgeon-General  when  in  his  opinion  a  termination  of  the  contract  would 
be  in  the  interests  of  the  service. 

158€'.  Dental  surgeons  are  attached  to  the  Medical  Department,  and  will  be 
assigned  to  duty  in  accordance  with  the  recommendations  of  the  Surgeon-General  of 
the  Army  or  the  chief  surgeon  of  a  military  department. 

15§1.  A  dental  surgeon  when  assigned  to  a  station  will  apply  to  the  post  com- 
mander for  a  suitable  operating  room.  If  no  other  room  is  available,  the  surgeon 
of  the  post  may  assign  him  a  room  in  the  hospital. 

Each  dental  surgeon  will  ordinarily  be  allowed  one  enlisted  man  as  an  assistant, 
who  will  be  detailed  from  the  acting  hospital  stewards  or  privates  of  the  Hospital 
Corps,  and  whose  duty  it  will  be  to  assist  the  dentist  in  his  operations,  in  caring  for 
the  instruments  and  other  public  property,  in  keeping  the  records,  and  in  the  per- 
formance of  such  other  official  work  pertaining  to  this  position  as  he  may  be  directed 
by  the  proper  authority  to  do.  A  member  of  the  Hospital  Corps  detailed  as  den- 
tist's assistant  and  stationed  in  a  city  or  town  will  be  allowed  commutation  of  rations 
at  the  rate  prescribed  by  the  Regulations,  and  will  be  provided  with  a  suitable  room 
as  quarters  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  but  when  stationed  at  a  post,  in 
camp,  or  in  the  field,  he  will  be  attached  to  the  Hospital  Corps  or  other  organization 
for  rations  and  quarters. 


DENTAL    SURGEONS.  219 

1582.  Necessary  dental  instruments  and  supplies  will  be  purchased  by  medical 
supply  officers  under  instructions  from  the  Surgeon-General,  and  in  accordance  with 
a  supply  table  to  be  approved  by  the  Secretary  of  War.  Dental  surgeons  will  be  held 
strictly  responsible  for  all  instruments  and  supplies  issued  to  them,  and  will  be  gov- 
erned by  army  regulations  and  orders  now  in  force,  or  hereafter  to  be  issued,  with 
reference  to  accountability  for  Government  property. 

15§3.  In  accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress  authorizing  their  employment, 
dental  surgeons  will  "serve  the  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  Regular  and  Volun- 
teer Army."  The  families  of  officers  and  civilian  employees  attached  to  the  Army 
are  not  entitled  to  their  services.  In  this  coimection  acting  assistant  surgeons  are  to 
be  regarded  as  officers. 

1594.  Dental  surgeons  will  operate  between  the  hours  of  9  a.  m.  and  4  p.  m.  upon 
those  officers  and  enlisted  men  only  who  are  entitled  to  their  services.  They  may 
operate  upon  others,  not  entitled  to  free  service,  before  and  after  these  hours,  when 
their  services  are  not  required  by  those  entitled  to  them,  but  material  issued  to  them 
by  the  Government  will  only  be  used  in  operations  upon  officers  and  enlisted  men 
of  the  Army. 

1585.  Dental  surgeons  will  not  perform  any  operation  upon  officers  or  enlisted 
men  of  the  Army  or  prescribe  medicines  for  them,  other  than  those  necessary  for  the 
treatment  of  the  teeth  and  gums.  This  prohibition  does  not  apply  to  cases  of  emer- 
gency, where  no  medical  officer  is  within  reach,  and  where  a  dental  surgeon  is  able 
to  render  necessary  surgical  assistance  to  meet  the  immediate  emergency. 

1586o  Emergency  work,  whether  for  officers  or  enlisted  men,  should  always  have 
precedence.  Plate  work,  or  restoration  of  teeth  by  any  method,  will  only  be  done  for 
thoj<e  who  have  lost  teeth  while  in  the  service  and  in  the  line  of  duty.  For  plate 
work  or  filling  teeth  only  the  cheaper  materials  will  be  supplied,  but  gold  may  be  used 
if  the  operating  dentist  sees  fit  to  use  it,  at  the  expense  of  the  individual  operated  upon. 

158T.  Enlisted  men  requiring  the  services  of  the  dental  surgeon  will,  at  an  hour 
prescribed  by  the  commanding  officer,  be  conducted  to  the  designated  place  under  a 
noncommissioned  officer,  who  will  take  with  him  and  hand  to  the  dentist  a  list  of 
those  reporting  for  treatment.  This  list  will  be  entered  in  a  daybook  ruled  in  col- 
umns for  Surname,  Given  name,  Rank,  Co.,  Regt.,  etc.,  the  headings  to  be  the  same 
as  those  l)orne  on  his  monthly  report. 

1588.  All  cases  requiring  treatment  involving  future  appointment  will  be  so  noted, 
and  the  others  will  be  marked  according  to  the  circumstances,  as  "  Treatment  unneces- 
sary,' '  * '  Further  treatment  unnecessary, "  "  Should  be  sent  to  surgeon, ' '  etc.  When 
future  treatment  is  necessary,  the  dentist  will  forward  a  card,  as  follows: 

,  n^y—. 

The  Adjutant, 


Sik:  I  have  tlie  honor  to  ask  that be  directed  to  report  to  me  from m.  to m. 

on inst.,  for  treatment. 

Very  respectfully, 

,  Dcnt'il  Surgeon. 

1589.  Dental  surgeons  will  submit  a  monthly  report  in  duplicate  (on  prescribed 
blanks)  of  all  official  work  done  by  them,  giving  all  required  data  in  every  case  in 
which  professional  services  have  been  rendered.  This  report  will  be  an  exact  copy 
of  the  register  kept  for  the  period;  one  copy  will  be  sent  on  the  last  day  of  the  mcmth 
to  the  Surgeon-General  and  one  to  the  chief  surgeon  of  the  department  in  which  the 
dental  surgeon  is  serving. 

THE   HOSPITAL  CORPS. 

1590.  The  members  of  the  Hospital  Corps  will  be  enlisted  for  and  permanently 
attached  to  the  Medical  Department.  In  time  of  war  the  corps  will  perform  the 
necessary  ambulance  service  under  such  officers  of  the  Medical  Department  and 
assistants  as  may  be  detailed  for  that  duty. 


220  THE    HOSPITAL    CORPS. 

1591.  No  i)erson  will  be  appointed  a  hospital  steward  until  he  ha«  served  a 
year  as  acting  hospital  steward,  or  as  a  hospital  steward  of  volunteers,  or  acted  in 
that  capacity,  during  and  since  the  Sj^anish-American  war  for  more  than  six  months; 
nor  will  a  steward  Ixj  ai^x^ointed  by  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Army  or  an  acting 
steward  be  detailed  by  the  Surgeon-General  or  the  chief  surgeon  of  a  division  or 
dex>artment  until  he  has  passed  a  satisfactory  examination,  under  their  direction.  The 
promotion  of  privates  of  the  Hospital  Cori>s  may  be  recommended  to  the  Surgeon- 
General  or  the  chief  surgeon  by  the  medical  officer  commanding  the  detachment. 
From  those  thus  recommendwl  acting  stewards  will  be  detailed  after  passing  the 
required  examination.  These  examinations  will  be  conducted  by  a  board  composed 
of  three  commissioned  medical  officers  of  the  station  at  which  the  applicant  may  be 
serving,  or  of  such  a  numlxir  of  medieval  officers  less  than  three  as  may  l)e  present, 
and  if  no  medical  officer  is  there  on  duty  the  candidate  will  be  sent  for  examination 
to  the  nearest  station  p>rovided  with  such  an  officer.  The  rej>ort  of  the  board  will  be 
forwarded  direct  to  the  Surgeon-General  or  the  chief  surgeon.  Hospital  stewards  are 
furnished  with  a  warrant  signed  by  the- Surgeon-General,  and  acting  hospital  stewards 
with  a  warrant  signed  by  the  Surgeon-General  or  by  a  division  or  department  chief 
surgeon. 

1592.  A  hospital  steward  may  be  reenlisted  at  the  expiration  of  his  tenn  of  serv- 
ice on  the  authority  of  the  Surgeon-General,  provided  he  has  passed  successfully  the 
I^rescribed  examination.  If  he  desire  U)  reenlist  he  will  rejKjrt  the  fact,  in  writing, 
through  military  channels,  to  the  Surgeon-General  sixty  days  Ixifore  the  expiration 
of  his  term  of  service. 

1593.  A  hospital  steward  stationed  at  a  place  where  no  post  return  is  made  will 
make  nnch  personal  reports  as  the  Surgeon-General  may  direct. 

1 594.  Hospital  stewards,  though  liable  to  discharge,  will  not  be  reduced.  Acting 
hospital  stewards  may  be  reduced  by  senten(;e  of  a  general  court-martial,  by  the 
Surgeon-General,  or  l)y  the  chief  surgeon  of  a  division  or  department. 

1595.  Department  commanders,  ujKjn  the  recommendation  of  the  chief  surgeon 
of  their  respec;tive  dejjartments,  are  authorized  to  detail  privates  of  the  Hospital 
Corps  as  acting  hosj^ital  stewards,  after  examination  as  now  required  by  Regula- 
tions: I'ffjvided,  h/wever,  That  the  allowance  of  acting  hospital  stewards  and  privates 
of  the  Hospital  Corps,  as  fixed  for  each  of  the  respective  commands  in  a  military 
dei)artment,  shall  not  be  exceeded  except  by  special  authority  from  the  Secretary  of 
War. 

1596.  The  commander  of  an  army  corps,  or  of  a  division  or  brigade  acting  inde- 
pendently of  a  corps,  is  charged  with  the  full  control  of  the  transfer  from  the  line, 
the  enlistment,  reenlistment,  and  discharge  of  members  of  the  Hospital  Corps  of  his 
command,  with  the  detail  of  acting  hospital  stewards  and  the  appointment  of  hospital 
stewards. 

1597.  Enlistments  and  reenlistments  for  the  Hospital  Corps  will  be  made,  as  a 
rule,  by  medical  officers.  Recruiting  officers  stationed  where  there  is  no  medica 
examiner  may  make  such  enlistments  or  reenlistments  upon  the  authority  of  the 
Surgeon-General.  In  such  cases  the  recruiting  officer  in  making  the  physical  exam- 
ination will  be  guided  by  instructions  from  the  Surgeon-General.  Applicants  may 
be  af;cex>ted  who  are  subject  to  refractive  errors  of  vision,  provided  these  errors  are 
not  excessive,  may  be  entirely  corrected  by  glaases,  and  are  not  i)rogressive  or  accom- 
panied by  ocular  disease.  Accej^ted  recruits  will  be  forwarded  to  a  station  to  be 
designated  by  the  Surgeon-General. 

159S.  The  enlistment  pa{>ers  of  all  other  members  of  the  corps  will  be  forwarded, 
with  the  form  for  physical  examination,  direct  to  the  Surgeon-General,  who  will 
render  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  a  monthly  recruiting  return  accompa- 
nied by  one  of  each  set  of  enlistment  papers. 


THE    HOSPITAL    COBPS.  221 

1 599.  Enlisted  men  who  are  serving  in  the  line  may  Ixi  transferrwl  U*  the  Hfinpitjil 
Cor{>H  an  privates.  Musicians  are  n.)t  eligible.  Transfers  will  >)e  made  by  the  depart 
ment  commander  upon  the  application  of  the  fjost  surgeon,  api>rove<l  by  the  ik>i-. 
commander,  stating  age,  character,  physical  condition,  and  habits  of  the  solrlier, 
whether  for  existing  or  prospective  vacancy,  and  the  date*  of  expiration  of  current 
enlistment.  If  the  soldier  be  over  forty  years  of  age,  his  sj^ecial  qualifications  for 
transfer  will  Ije  stated. 


K  Married  men  will  not  be  enlisted  as  privates  in  or  transferred  to  the  corj)*^, 
an<l  no  a<5ting  steward  who  is  marriefl  shall  \)e  reenliste^l  without  special  authority! 

1601.  Memlxirs  of  the  corr>s  will  not  be  required  to  jjerfonn  any  military  dutiew 
other  than  those  j)ertaining  to  their  corps.  They  will  l>e  instructerl  in  such  rlrills, 
both  foot  and  mounted,  as  are  necessary  for  their  efficiency.  They  will  not  l>e 
requireil  to  attend  ceremonies,  except  when  directed!  by  the  commaruling  officer,  and 
will  ordinarily  be  in8]r>ected  and  mustered  at  the  hospital.  The  forms  of  inspection 
will  be  in  accordance  with  the  prescribed  drill  regulations  for  the  Hospital  Corps. 

1602.  To  meet  the  requirements  of  epidemics  or  other  emergencies  and  to  fill 
vacancies,  members  of  the  Hospital  Corps  may  be  transferred  by  the  department 
commander,  the  quota  of  each  post,  an  prescribed  by  paragraphs  1605  and  1606,  not 
being  permanently  excecnled.     Such  transfers  will  be  reported  to  the  Surgeon-General. 

1603.  Accounts  of  pay  and  clothing  of  members  of  the  Hospital  Cori>8  will  ]n- 
kept  by  the  surgeon  under  whose  immefliate  direction  they  are  serving.  All  mem- 
bers casually  at  a  jKjst  are  under  the  imme^liate  orders  of  the  surgeon  except  prisf>n- 
ers,  who  will,  however,  l)e  borne  on  the  muster  rolls,  moniing  report,  and  returns  of 
the  Hospital  Corps  detachment.  If  discharged  their  final  statements  will  be  pre- 
pared by  the  surgeon. 

1604.  All  members  of  the  Hospital  Corps  will  l>e  (?fiuippe<l  with  (^nteen  com- 
plete, haversack  complete,  waLst  belt  and  plate,  one-half  shelter  tent  complete,  and 
the  privates  also  with  Hospital  Corps  pouch  and  litter  sling.  This  ecjuipment  will  lie 
issuefl  U)  the  man,  charged  to  him  on  the  descriptive  lxx>k,  and  when  station  is 
change^l  will  Ije  note^l  on  the  descriptive  li«t,  dropped  from  the  projierty  returns  by 
the  responsible  medical  officer  and  taken  up  by  the  me<K(»l  offi<er  to  whom  the 
man  reports,  both  of  whom  will  notify  the  respective  departments  to  which  the 
profierty  pertains  accordingly. 

1605.  At  every  permanent  military  post  there  will  be  at  least  one  nonconrimiH- 
sione<l  oflScer  of  the  Hfjspital  Corps,  and  an  additional  noncommissioned  officer  for 
every  additional  four  privates  of  the  Hospital  Corps. 

1606.  At  every  permanent  military  post  there  will  be  at  least  four  privates  of 
the  Hospital  Corps,  six  privates  when  the  strength  of  the  garrison  is  200,  and  two 
privates  a<^lditional  for  every  additional  100  of  strength.  They  will  l>e  assignerl  to 
the  re8i)ective  duties  connected  with  the  hospital  service  by  the  surgeon  of  the  post. 

1607.  The  number  of  noncommissioned  officers  and  privates  of  the  Hrjspital  Corps 
to  lie  statione<^l  at  general  hospitals,  arsenals,  engineer  stations,  and  indej^endent  posts 
will  Ije  dete^rmincnl  by  the  Surgeon-General  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary'  of 
War. 

160fl(.  Special  instniction  in  the  duties  of  litter  Ixiarers  and  the  methods  of  ren- 
dering first  aid  to  the  sick  and  wounded  will  be  given  to  all  enlLsted  men  of  the  line 
of  the  Army  by  their  company  officers  for  at  least  four  hours  in  each  month,  except 
that  such  instruction  for  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  seacoast  artillery  Miill  Ik- 
limite<l  to  one  hour  fK*r  month.  Comyiany  commanders  will  l)e  supplicnl  frf>m  the 
Surgeon-^ jeneral's  r)ffice  with  the  Drill  Regulations  for  the  H<>spital  CVjrfjs,  and  tin- 
surgeon  of  the  p^jst,  under  the  direction  of  the  post  commander,  will  thoroughly 
instruct  all  company  officers  serving  with  troops  in  the  professional  knowledge 
required. 


222  THE    HOSPITAL    CORPS. 

1609.  All  men  of  the  Hospital  Corps  will  be  instructed  under  the  supervision 
of  the  surgeon  of  the  post  for  at  least  eight  hours  in  each  month  in  the  duties  of 
litter  bearers  and  the  methods  of  rendering  first  aid  to  the  sick  and  wounded,  and 
in  the  various  subjects  pertaining  to  the  sanitary  soldier. 

GARRISON   SERVICE. 

Ambulances  and  I/itters. 

16 10.  Ambulances  are  vehicles  provided  for  the  service  of  the  Medical  Depart- 
ment. They  will  be  used  only  for  transportation  of  the  sick  and  wounded,  the  rec- 
reation of  convalescent  patients,  or  to  give  instruction  in  the  duties  of  the  ambulance 
service.  They  will  be  furnished  and  repaired  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department, 
will  always  be  subject  to  the  call  of  the  surgeon,  and,  when  practicable,  will  be 
housed  near  the  hospital. 

1611.  One  regulation  ambulance  with  proper  harness  will  be  issued  to  each  post. 
To  posts  of  more  than  400  men,  the  number  to  be  issued  will  be  one  additional  ambu. 
lance  for  each  additional  400  men  or  major  fraction  thereof. 

1612.  At  each  post  one  of  the  privates  of  the  corps  will  be  designated  by  the 
surgeon  as  ambulance  driver.  In  addition  to  his  other  duties,  he  will  care  for  the 
ambulance,  its  equipment  and  harness,  and  see  that  they  are  always  in  readiness  for 
immediate  use.  In  the  field  he  will  care  for  the  animals.  When  it  is  necessary  to 
use  the  ambulance  for  any  transportation  purposes,  the  conmianding  officer,  on  the 
application  of  the  surgeon,  will  see  that  the  requisite  animals  are  provided  by  the 
quartermaster  and  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  surgeon. 

1613.  Each  company  will  be  furnished  with  one  hand  litter,  which  will  be  kept 
ready  for  use  at  all  times.  It  will  be  supplied  and  repaired  by  the  Quartermaster's 
Department. 

1614.  Travois,  mule  litters,  etc.,  may  be  issued  upon  the  recommendation  of  the 
chief  surgeon. 

1615.  Commanding  officers  will  inspect  ambulances,  litters,  and  other  appliances 
for  transporting  the  wounded  at  each  monthly  inspection,  and  see  that  they  are  com- 
pletely equipped.  When  practicable,  the  ambulance  fully  equipped  for  service  will 
be  presented  for  inspection,  with  the  animals  attached. 

FIELD   SERVICE. 

1616.  In  field  service  troops  will  be  accompanied  by  such  number  of  men  of  the 
Hospital  Corps  as  may  be  determined  by  the  post  commander,  on  the  recommenda- 
tion of  the  surgeon. 

161 T.  On  the  march  each  medical  officer  will  habitually  be  attended  by  a 
mounted  private  of  the  Hospital  Corps.  Hospital  stewards,  acting  stewards,  and  at 
least  one  private  of  the  corps  in  each  separate  command  will  be  mounted  when  serv- 
ing in  the  field,  and  all  privates  of  the  corps  will  be  mounted  when  serving  with 
mounted  commands.  Horses  will  be  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department 
for  members  of  the  corps  on  duty  in  the  field  when  practicable.  When  no  horses 
are  available,  special  application  for  authority  to  hire  must  be  made. 

1618.  Ambulances  will  be  used  for  the  transportation  of  the  sick  and  injured,  the 
instruction  of  the  Hospital  Corps  and  company  b"earers,  and  in  urgent  cases,  for  the 
transportation  of  medical  supplies,  and  all  persons  are  prohibited  from  using  them, 
or  requiring  or  permitting  them  to  be  used,  for  any  other  purpose.  It  shall  be  the 
duty  of  the  officers  of  the  ambulance  service  to  report  to  the  commander  of  the  troops 
any  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  paragraph. 

1619.  No  person,  except  the  proper  medical  officers  or  the  officers,  noncommis- 
sioned officers,  and  privates  of  the  ambulance  service,  or  such  persons  as  may  be 


GENERAL    HOSPITALS.  223 

specially  assigned  by  competent  military  authority  to  duty  therewith,  will  Ixj  per- 
mitted to  take  or  accompany  sick  or  injured  men  to  the  rear,  either  on  the  march  or 
elsewhere. 

1620.  When  members  of  the  Hospital  Corps  are  detailed  for  service  in  the  field 
during  Indian  wars,  or  when  left  with  the  sick  or  wounded  under  cu-cumstancei 
which  justify  the  expectation  that  their  rights  as  noncombatants  under  the  GenevE 
Uonvention  will  not  be  recognized,  commanding  oflScers  will  issue  to  members  of  the 
Hospital  Corps  revolvers  or  other  available  firearms. 


GENERAL  HOSPITALS. 

1621.  General  hospitals  will  be  under  the  exclusive  control  of  the  Surgeon- 
General  and  will  be  governed  by  such  regulations  as  the  Secretary  of  War  may  pre- 
scribe. The  surgeon  in  charge  will  command  the  same  and  will  not  be  subject  to 
the  orders  of  local  commanders  other  than  those  of  territorial  departments. 

1622.  Hospital  transports,  boats,  and  railway  trains,  after  being  properly  assigned 
as  such,  will  be  exclusively  under  the  control  of  the  Medical  Department,  and  will 
not  be  diverted  from  their  special  purposes  by  orders  of  local  or  department  com- 
manders or  officers  of  other  staff  corps. 

1623.  The  Army  and  Navy  General  Hospital,  Hot  Springs,  Ark.,  is  under  the 
direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  is  devoted  to  the  treatment  of  the  officers  and 
enlisted  men  of  the  military  and  naval  service  of  the  United  States,  the  officers  of 
the  Revenue-Cutter  Service  and  of  the  Marine-Hospital  Service,  and  honorably  dis- 
charged soldiers  and  sailors  of  the  Regular  and  Volunteer  Army  and  Navy  of  the 
United  States,  for  such  diseases  as  the  waters  of  the  Hot  Springs  of  Arkansas  have  an 
established  reputation  in  benefiting,  except  that  cases  of  venereal  disease  will  not 
be  admitted. 

1624.  Admission  to  this  hospital  is  restricted  to  those  of  the  above-named  classes 
who  require  medical  treatment,  in  the  following  order  of  preference:  (1)  Officers 
and  enlisted  men  of  the  Army,  the  Navy,  and  the  Marine  Corps  on  the  active  lists, 
and  cadets  attlie  Military  and  Naval  academies;  (2)  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the 
Army,  the  Navy,  and  the  Marine  Corps  on  the  retired  lists;  (3)  officers  of  the 
Revenue-Cutter  Service  and  of  the  Marine-Hospital  Service;  (4)  honorably  discharged 
soldiers  and  sailors  of  the  Regular  and  Volunteer  Army  and  Navy  of  the  United  States 
may  also  be  admitted  by  authority  of  the  Surgeon-General  when  there  are  vacant 
beds  in  the  hospital. 

1625.  Enlisted  men  on  the  active  list,  while  under  treatment  or  on  duty  in  the 
hospital,  shall  have  the  usual  allowance  of  rations  comuuited  at  the  rate  of  not  to 
exceed  40  cents  a  day  for  enlisted  men  of  the  Army,  and  30  cents  a  day  for  enlisted 
men  of  the  Navy,  to  be  paid  to  the  senior  medical  officer  by  the  jiroper  officers  of 
the  War  and  Navy  Departments  upon  the  receipt  of  monthly  statements  of  amounts 
duly  certified  by  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Army. 

1626.  Enlisted  men  of  the  Army,  the  Navy,  and  the  Marine  Corps  on  the  retired 
list,  and  honorably  discharged  soldiers  and  sailors  of  the  Regular  and  Volunteer 
Army  and  Navy  of  the  United  States  will  pay  for  subsistence  at  the  rate  of  40  cents 
per  day. 

1627.  The  general  hospital  at  Fort  Bayard,  N.  Mex.,  is  under  the  direction  of  the 
Secretary  of  War,  and  is  set  apart  as  a  sanitarium  for  the  treatment  of  officers  and 
enlisted  men  of  the  Army  suffering  from  pulmonary  tuberculosis.     Hereafter  trans- 


224  SERVICE    OF   HOSPITALS. 

fers  of  enlisted  men  suffering  from  this  disease  may  be  made  to  this  hospital  upon 
the  recommendation  of  medical  officers  of  the  Army  (to  be  forwarded  through 
military  channels) . 

SERVICE   OF   HOSPITALS. 

162S.  The  senior  surgeon  is  charged  with  the  management  and  is  responsible  for 
the  condition  of  the  hospital,  which  will  be  at  all  times  subject  to  inspection  by  the 
commanding  officer.  The  senior  surgeon  of  the  post  will  inspect  the  hospital  every 
morning,  and  on  Saturday  will  also  inspect  the  detachment  of  the  Hospital  Corps. 

1629.  The  surgeon  of  the  post  will  assign  his  assistants  and  the  members  of  the 
Hospital  Corps  to  duty,  and  report  them  on  the  muster  rolls  in  the  capacity  in  which 
they  are  serving.  With  the  approval  of  the  commanding  officer  he  will  also  appoint 
the  matrons. 

1630.  Hospital  matrons  will  be  allowed  at  hospitals  at  posts  and  arsenals,  in 
numbers  to  be  fixed  by  the  Surgeon-General. 

1631.  Patients  will,  if  possible,  leave  their  arms  and  accouterments  with  their 
companies. 

1632.  When  a  soldier  in  hospital  is  detached  from  his  company,  his  company 
commander  will  send  to  the  hospital  his  descriptive  list.  The  surgeon  in  charge 
will  enter  thereon  all  payments,  stoppages,  and  the  money  value  of  all  clothing 
issued,  and  when  the  soldier  is  returned  to  duty,  transferred,  discharged,  dies,  or 
deserts,  a  new  descriptive  list  containing  a  complete  statement  of  his  accounts  will 
be  sent  to  his  company  or  other  commander,  and  the  original  will  be  retained  by  the 
officer  in  command  of  the  hospital  for  his  own  protection.  If  the  soldier  is  dis- 
charged from  the  service  while  in  hospital,  the  surgeon  will  furnish  him  with  final 
statements  and  notify  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  and  the  company  com- 
mander of  the  date,  place,  and  cause  of  discharge.  If  the  soldier  die  in  hospital,  the 
surgeon  will  take  charge  of  his  effects  and  make  the  reports  required  in  paragraph  175. 

1633.  Sick  or  wounded  soldiers,  discharged  while  in  hospital,  will  be  entitled  to 
medical  treatment  in  hospital,  and  to  the  usual  ration  during  disability,  or  for  the 
period  considered  proper  for  them  to  remain  under  treatment,  but  a  discharged  sol- 
dier who  has  left  the  hospital  will  not  be  readmitted  except  upon  the  written  order 
of  the  commanding  officer. 

1634.  Recently  discharged  soldiers,  needing  hospital  treatment,  who  arrive  in 
New  York  City  or  San  Francisco  on  Government  transports,  may  be  sent  to  one  of 
the  post  hospitals  in  the  vicinity  of  that  city,  and  rations  in  kind  drawn  for  them 
while  undergoing  treatment. 

1635.  Tents,  clothing,  hospital  furniture,  and  other  stores  used  in  the  treatment 
of  contagious  diseases,  will  be  disinfected  or  burned  upon  the  recommendation  and 
under  the  supervision  of  a  medical  officer. 

1636.  The  Secretary  of  War  may,  on  the  recommendation  of  the  Surgeon-General, 
order  gratuitous  issues  of  clothing  to  soldiers  who  have  had  contagious  diseases,  and 
to  hospital  attendants  who  have  nursed  them,  to  replace  articles  destroyed  by  order 
of  the  proper  medical  officer  to  prevent  contagion. 

1637.  Medical  officers  in  charge  of  hospital  property  will  not  permit  it  to  be  used 
for  other  than  hospital  purposes. 

163§.  Civilian  employees  at  military  posts,  including  the  employees  of  post 
exchanges,  may  purchase  the  medical  supplies  prescribed  for  them  by  a  medical 
officer  at  cost  price  with  10  per  cent,  added.  Medical  officers  who  dispense  medical 
supplies  to  civilian  employees  will  render  direct  to  the  Surgeon-General,  on  the  first 
day  of  every  month,  detailed  accounts  in  duplicate,  giving  the  name  of  each 
employee,  the  kind  and  quantity  of  medical  supplies  furnished  him,  and  by  whom 
prescribed,  during  the  preceding  month,  leaving  a  space  between  items  for  the  inser- 
tion of  the  price,  which  will  be  fixed  at  the  Surgeon-General's  Office.    One  copy  will 


HOSPITAL    BUILDINGS.  225 

be  returned  to  the  officer  furnishing  the  supplies,  and  the  amounts  inserted  will  be 
collected  by  the  officer  accountable  for  them,  and  be  disposed  of  in  the  same  manner 
as  proceeds  of  other  sales  of  medical  property.  At  isolated  posts  where  issues  to 
civilians  become  necessary  to  save  life  or  prevent  extreme  suffering,  medical  officers 
will  make  such  issues,  and  at  the  end  of  each  month  report  the  circumstances  to  the 
Surgeon-General.  Original  prescriptions  will  be  retained  as  a  part  of  the  hospital 
records,  and  will  be  subject  to  examination  at  all  times  by  inspectors  and  post  com- 
manders. 

1639.  A  civilian  employee  on  duty  at  a  station  where  other  than  Army  medical 
attendance  can  not  be  procured,  is  entitled,  when  necessary,  to  admission  to  hospital. 

1640.  Civilians  not  in  public  service  will  be  admitted  to  hospital  only  in  cases  of 
extreme  necessity,  and  by  permission  of  the  commanding  officer  on  written  applica- 
tion of  the  surgeon.  Rations  will  not  be  issued  to  them  by  the  commissary,  but  their 
food  will  be  purchased  from  the  hospital  fund,  and  the  surgeon  may  remit  all  charges 
in  cases  of  destitution. 

1641.  Hospital  charges  will  be  as  follows:  For  subsistence  of  a  retired  enlisted 
man,  40  cents  per  day;  for  nursing,  medicines,  and  subsistence  of  a  civilian  employee, 
40  cents  per  day;  for  officers  of  the  Army,  seamen,  and  river  boatmen  (admitted 
only  on  permit  issued  by  a  medical  officer  of  the  Marine-Hospital  Service  or  a  cus- 
toms officer),  and  civilians  admitted  as  provided  in  the  preceding  paragraph,  |1  per 
day.     The  money  received  will  be  accounted  for  with  the  hospital  fund. 

1642.  The  surgeon  of  the  post  will  keep,  account  for,  and  expend  the  hospital 
fund  according  to  the  instructions  of  the  Surgeon-General,  exclusively  for  the  benefit 
of  the  sick  in  hospital  and  the  enlisted  men  of  the  Hospital  Corps  serving  therein. 

1643.  Medical  and  official  publications  furnished  from  the  Surgeon-General's 
Office  to  surgeons  in  charge  of  hospitals  will  be  properly  filed  and  preserved  in  the 
hospital  library.  The  expense  of  binding  these  publications  and  those  issued  to 
chief  surgeons  will  be  defrayed  by  the  Medical  Department,  and  they  will  be  trans- 
ported to  and  from  the  medical  supply  depots  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department. 

HOSPITAL   BUILDINGS. 

1644.  A  building  will  not  be  erected  for  or  occupied  as  a  hospital  until  the* 
opinion  of  a  medical  officer  has  been  obtained  in  writing  upon  the  suitableness  of 
.«ite  and  proposed  arrangement.     If  the  commanding  officer  dissent  from  this  opinion 
he  will  return  it  to  the  surgeon  of  the  post  with  his  reasons  indorsed  thereon,  who 
will  forward  it,  through  military  channels,  to  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Army. 

1645.  Hospitals  will  be  erected  at  permanent  posts  in  accordance  with  plans  and 
specifications  furnished  by  the  Surgeon-General,  approved  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

1646.  When  alterations  of  or  additions  to  hospitals  are  necessary,  the  surgeon  of 
the  post,  after  obtaining  from  the  quartermaster  an  estimate  of  cost,  will  transmit 
plans  and  specifications,  with  proposed  modifications,  through  military  channels 
to  the  Secretary  of  War.  Similar  action  will  be  taken  upon  quarters  for  hospital 
stewards. 

1647.  When  hospitals  or  hospital  stewards'  quarters  are  erected  or  repaired,  the 
officer  conducting  the  work  will  consult  the  surgeon  of  the  post,  who  will  inspect 
the  work  during  its  progress,  and  when  a  building  is  ready  for  occupancy  the  sur- 
geon will  report  as  to  its  merits  to  the  Surgeon-General  through  the  regular  channel, 
and  furnish  a  copy  of  th'e  report  to  the  constructing  ofiicer. 

164§.  The  surgeon,  after  obtaining  from  the  quartermaster  necessary  data  as  to 
the  amount  of  labor,  quantity  of  material,  and  cost,  will  forward  as  soon  as  practi- 
cable after  March  1  of  each  year,  through  military  channels,  to  the  Secretary  of  War, 
an  estimate  of  repairs,  alterations,  or  additions  needed  on  hospital  and  hospital 
22778—03 15 


226  SICK    CALL MEDICAL    ATTENDANCE. 

stewards'  quarters  during  the  next  fiscal  year,  with  plans  of  the  same,  stating  the 
condition  of  the  buildings  and  necessity  for  repairs.  The  surgeon  of  the  post  will 
prepare  and  sign  estimates  for  hospital  construction  an<l  repairs,  one  copy  of  which 
is  required  by  the  Surgeon-General.  The  number  required  at  department  head- 
quarters is  fixed  by  tlie  department  commander.  When  work  is  completed,  the 
medical  officer  will  report  to  the  Surgeon-General  whether  it  was  performed  accord- 
ing to  the  estimate,  and  the  material  and  balance  of  allotment  remaining.  Approved 
plans  or  estimates  for  construction  or  repair  will  be  altered  only  by  authority  of  the 
Secretary  of  War. 

1649.  The  Surgeon-General  will  furnish  to  the  Quartermaster-General,  in  suffi- 
cient time  for  his  annual  estimates,  a  statement  showing  the  hospital  repairs  which 
will  be  needed  during  the  ensuing  year,  with  estimated  cost  of  the  same. 

1650.  No  portion  of  any  hospital  building  at  a  military  post  will  be  used  or  occu- 
pied as  quarters,  nor  will  any  mess  be  permitted  or  maintained  therein  except  such 
as  may  be  necessary  for  patients  and  enlisted  men  there  on  duty 

SICK    CALL. 

1651.  At  sick  call  the  enlisted  men  of  each  company  who  require  medical  atten- 
tion will  be  conducted  to  the  hospital  by  a  noncommissioned  officer,  who  will  give 
to  the  attending  surgeon  the  Company  Sick  Report  Book  containing  the  names  of 
the  sick.  The  surgeon,  after  examination,  will  indicate  in  the  book,  opposite  their 
names,  the  men  who  are  to  be  admitted  to  hospital  and  those  to  be  returned  to 
quarters,  .what  duties  the  latter  can  perform,  with  any  other  information  in  regard 
to  the  sick  which  he  may  have  to  communicate  to  the  company  commander. 

1652.  Medical  officers  will  furnish  company  commanders  any  information,  except 
the  diagnosis,  which  will  assist  them  in  determining,  for  entry  on  the  muster  rolls, 
whether  or  not  the  disabilty  of  a  soldier  who  is  or  has  been  on  sick  report  originated 
in  the  line  of  duty,  entering  this  information  in  the  Company  Sick  Report  Book. 
When  required  they  will  furnish  the  diagnosis  to  the  commanding  officer. 

MEDICAL   ATTENDANCE. 

• 

1653.  Medical  officers  and  contract  surgeons  on  duty  will  attend  officers  and 
enlisted  men,  and,  when  practicable,  their  iamilies;  and  at  stations,  or  in  the  field, 
where  other  medical  attendance  can  not  be  procured,  civilian  employees.  Medicines 
will  be  dispensed  to  all  persons  entitled  to  medical  attendance,  and  hospital  stores  to 
enlisted  men  and  hospital  matrons,  also  to  officers  at  posts  or  stations  where  they 
can  not  be  procured  by  purchase. 

1654.  Medical  officers  and  contract  surgeons  at  their  stations  will  furnish  medical 
attendance  to  officers  and  enlisted  men  on  the  retired  list,  but  they  will  not  be 
required  to  leave  their  stations  for  that  purpose.  Medicines,  dressings,  etc. ,  will  be 
supplied  to  retired  officers  and  enlisted  men  from  army  dispensaries  on  medical  offi- 
cers' prescriptions. 

1655.  When  medical  attendance  is  required  by  an  officer  or  enlisted  man  on 
duty,  and  the  attendance  of  a  medical  officer  can  not  be  had,  the  officer,  or,  if  there 
be  no  officer  present,  then  the  enlisted  man,  may  employ  a  civilian  physician,  and  a 
just  account  for  his  services  and  the  necessary  medicines  will  be  paid  by  the  Medical 
Department.  The  accounts  for  each  fiscal  year  will  be  rendered  separately,  and,  if 
for  continuous  service,  forwarded  monthly.  Accounts  for  temporary  service  will  be 
forwarded  promptly  upon  termination  thereof. 

1656.  Accounts  for  medical  attendance  will  set  forth  the  full  name  and  address 
of  the  physician,  the  full  name,  rank,  company,  and  regiment  or  corps  of  patient, 
date  of  and  charge  for  each  visit,  charge  for  medicines,  and  particular  disease  or 
injury  treated.     The  physician  will  certify  that  the  account  is  correct  and  just  and 


ACCOUNTS    FOR    MEDICAL    ATTENDANCE.  227 

that  the  charges  do  not  exceed  the  customary  charges  in  the  vicinity.  The  officer 
will  certify,  or  the  enlisted  man  make  oath,  to  the  correctness  of  the  account,  stating 
that  he  was  on  duty  at  the  time  and  place  specified  and  why  it  was  impossible  to 
secure  the  services  of  an  army  surgeon.  When  medicines  are  furnished  by  a  drug- 
gist and  charged  for  by  the  physician,  the  original  prescription  must  be  furnished, 
and  the  receipt  of  the  druggist  to  the  physician  will  accompany  the  account. 

1657.  Accounts  for  medicines  will  be  accompanied  by  the  original  prescriptions 
and  must  be  for  medicines  properly  so  called  only.  When  such  an  account  is  pre- 
sented for  payment  the  druggist  will  furnish  the  following  certificate:  "I  certify  that 
the  above  account  is  a  just  and  correct  statement  of  medicines  furnished  by  me  at 

,  to  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  United  States  Army,  on  the  prescriptions 

herewith  submitted;  that  said  medicines  were  actually  furnished  on  said  prescrip- 
tions to  said  officers  and  enlisted  men,  respectively,  at  the  dates  set  forth  in  said 
account,  and  that  the  prices  charged  are  not  in  excess  of  those  prevailing  at  said 
place. ' ' 

165§.  The  officer  under  whose  authority  the  prescriptions  are  filled  will  certify 
the  account  as  follows:  ''I  certify  that  the  foregoing  account  is  correct;  that  the  offi- 
cers and  enlisted  men  therein  mentioned  were  actually  on  duty  at when  the 

medicine  was  furnished  for  them  as  stated  therein,  and  that  such  medicines  could 
not  then  have  been  procured  at  an  army  dispensary  in  or  near  said  place."  The 
account  must  set  f(jrth  the  full  name  of  each  officer  and  enlisted  man,  his  rank,  the 
command  to  which  he  belongs,  and  the  number,  date,  and  price  of  each  prescrip- 
tion. If  there  was  an  army  dispensary  in  or"  near  the  place,  but  the  medicines  were 
procured  elsewhere  because  it  was  closed  when  they  were  required,  or  if  they  could 
not  be  there  procured  for  some  other  sufficient  reason,  a  statement  of  the  facts  sup- 
posed to  justify  the  purchase  will  be  added  at  the  end  of  the  officer's  certificate. 

1659.  When  the  charge  for  attendance  is  against  an  officer,  he  will  pay  the 
account,  if  practicable,  and  transmit  it,  properly  receipted,  to  the  Surgeon-General 
for  reimbursement;  if  the  officer  has  paid  it,  the  fact  must  be  plainly  stated  in  both 
his  and  the  physician's  certificates.  If  against  a  deceased  officer  or  enlisted  man, 
the  physician  will  certify  as  required  in  paragraph  1656,  and  that  he  has  not  received 
the  sum  expressed  nor  any  portion  thereof.  Accounts  for  consultation,  for  medical 
attendance  and  medicines  for  officers  and  enlisted  men  not  on  duty,  and  for  families 
and  servants  of  officers  and  enlisted  men  will  riot  be  paid.  Treatment  of  chronic 
complaints  by  a  specialist  will  not  be  paid  for,  unless  authority  to  employ  such  spe- 
cialist has  been  obtained  from  the  Surgeon-General.  Accounts  for  hospital  stores 
and  necessary  surgical  appliances  will  be  paid  only  for  enlisted  men.  Accounts  for 
mineral  waters  or  proprietary  medicines  will  not  be  paid. 

1660.  When  hospital  care  and  treatment  are  required  by  an  officer  or  enlisted  man 
on  duty  with  any  command  or  detachment,  and  can  not  be  had  in  any  army  hos- 
pital, the  commanding  officer  may  obtain  the  required  service  in  a  civil  hospital,  at 
rates  not  to  exceed  the  usual  local  charges  for  like  service  to  private  patients,  report- 
ing his  action  without  delay  to  the  Surgeon-General.  When  the  officer  requiring 
treatment  is  on  duty  without  troops,  or  the  enlisted  man  is  on  duty  where  there  is 
no  officer,  he  may  himself  arrange  for  the  required  service,  reporting  his  action,  if 
practicable,  to  the  Surgeon-General.  Accounts  for  the  care  and  treatment  of  sick 
officers  and  soldiers  in  civil  hospitals  will  be  sent  to  the  Surgeon-General.  The 
accounts  will  show  the  particular  services  charged  for,  e.  g.,  medical  attendance, 
medicines,  nursing,  lodging,  and  board,  and  will,  when  practicable,  be  itemized  to 
show  the  separate  charges  under  ea'^h  head.  Accounts  for  medical  attendance,  medi- 
cines, and  nursing  only  may,  if  reasonable  and  just,  be  settled  under  the  direction 
of  the  Surgeon-General.  Accounts  which  include  charges  for  lodging  and  board  will 
be  forwarded  to  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department  for  settlement  and  apportion- 
ment to  the  proper  appropriations.     If  not  itemized,  a  just  apportionment  is  deemed 


228  ACCOUNTS    FOR    MEDICAL    ATTENDANCE. 

to  he  one-half  for  medical  attendance,  medicines,  and  nursing;  one-fourth  for  lodg- 
ings, and  one-fourth  for  board.     No  charge  for  the  board  of  an  officer  can  be  allowed. 

1661.  Accounts  for  the  payment  of  special  nurses  employed,  when  necessary  for 
the  proper  care  of  the  patient,  to  attend  sick  officers  or  soldiers  on  duty  at  posts  or 
stations  where  treatment  in  an  army  hospital  can  not  be  obtained  will  be  sent  to 
the  Surgeon-General  for  settlement.  The  accounts  will  set  forth  the  full  name 
and  address  of  the  nurse,  the  full  name,  rank,  company,  and  regiment  or  corps  of 
the  patient,  the  disease  for  which  he  was  treated,  the  dates  of  service  and  number  of 
hours  per  day  service  was  rendered,  and  the  rate  of  pay  per  week  or  per  month. 
The  rate  shall  in  no  case  exceed  $10  per  week.  The  nurse  will  certify  that  the 
account  is  correct  and  just,  that  the  services  were  rendered  as  stated,  and  that  the 
patient  is  not  related  to  the  nurse.  The  attending  physician  will  certify  that  the  serv- 
ices of  a  nurse  were  indispensable  to  the  proper  care  of  the  patient,  that  the  nurse 
was  competent,  that  the  services  were  rendered  as  claimed,  and  that  the  charges  do 
not  exceed  those  customary  in  the  vicinity  for  competent  nurses.  The  officer  will 
certify,  or,  if  no  officer  is  cognizant  of  the  facts,  the  enlisted  man  will  make  oath,  to 
the  correctness  of  the  account,  stating  that  the  patient  was  on  duty  at  the  time  and 
place  specified  and  why  treatment  in  an  army  hospital  could  not  be  obtained. 
When  practicable,  the  patient  will  pay  the  account  and  transmit  it,  properly  receipted, 
to  the  Surgeon-General  for  reimbursement,  the  fact  of  payment  by  the  patient  being 
plainly  stated  both  by  the  patient  and  the  nurse.  No  accounts  for  nurses  employed 
in  trivial  cases  will  be  paid. 

1662.  The  compensation  allowed  to  civilian  physicians  for  the  physical  examina- 
tion of  recruits  will  be  at  the  following  rates:  For  a  single  recruit,  $1.00;  for  two 
recruits  on  the  same  day,  $1.50;  for  throve  recruits  on  the  same  day,  $2.00;  for  four 
recruits  on  the  same  day,  $2.50,  and  40  cents  for  each  recruit  over  four  examined 
on  any  one  day.  A  physician  employed  at  different  recruiting  stations  will  be 
allowed  the  above  rates  in  full  for  the  examinations  at  each  station.  He  will  be 
allowed  50  cents  for  each  authorized  vaccination.  Accounts  for  examination  and 
vaccination  of  recruits  will  show  the  physician's  address  and  the  particular  location 
of  the  recruiting  station,  the  number  of  applicants  examined  each  day  and  the 
charge,  and  the  number  of  accepted  recruits  vaccinated  each  day  and  the  charge. 
The  physician  will  certify  that  the  men  vaccinated  were  not  already  protected,  and 
the  recruiting  officer  that  they  were  accepted  (sworn)  recruits. 

1663.  The  sick  at  recruiting  stations,  excepting  those  with  trivial  disabilities 
or  severe  injuries  which  render  their  removal  impracticable,  will  be  sent  by  the 
recruiting  officer  for  treatment  to  the  nearest  military  hospital.  Accounts  of  civilian 
physicians  for  medical  attendance  and  medicines  furnished  to  recruits,  assigned  or 
unassigned,-  will  give  the  date  of  enlistment  in  each  case. 

1664.  Civilian  physicians  employed,  in  the  absence  of  a  medical  officer  or  con- 
tract surgeon,  to  physically  examine  or  vaccinate  enlisted  men,  under  these  regula- 
tions or  orders  from  competent  authority,  will  be  paid  at  the  rates  prescribed  above 
for  the  examination  and  vaccination  of  recruits. 

1665.  The  following  rates  of  charges  for  ordinary  medical  attendance  by  civilian 
physicians  will  not  be  exceeded,  and  if  the  local  charge  per  visit  is  less  the  acccount 
will  be  rendered  at  the  local  rates:  For  attending  sick  call,  five  men  or  less,  $2.50; 
for  each  man  attending  at  sick  call  in  excess  of  five,  50  cents;  for  additional  visit  or 
sick  call  on  same  day,  when  necessary,  $2.00.  In  making  arrangements  with  physi- 
cians for  medical  attendance  upon  garrisoned  posts  or  large  detachments  it  should  be 
understood  that,  while  the  rates  above  specified  are  not  to  be  exceeded  (unless  in 
exceptional  cases),  it  does  not  follow  that  this  schedule  of  rates  is  necessarily  to  gov- 
ern in  cases  where  there  is  a  large  sick  report.     Where  the  service  is  for  several  days 


SUPPLIES REPORTS RETURNS ARTIFICIAL    LIMBS.         229 

or  for  an  extended  period  the  rat«  of  payment  for  such  service  should  not  exceed 
$125  per  month.  Accountn  of  j)liysician8  not  under  contract  for  service  at  military 
posts  will  be  forwarded  in  duplicate  to  the  chief  surgeon.  Accoimta  for  service  at 
independent  posts  and  stations  will  be  forwarded  direct  to  the  Surgeon-General. 


MEDICAL   SUPPLIES. 

1666.  Purchase  of  medical  supplies  will  be  made  in  pursuance  of  law,  under  the 
direction  of  the  Surgeon-General, 

166T.  Weights  and  measures  given  in  the  supply  table  will  be  in  accordance 
with  the  metric  system,  and  all  prescriptions,  invoices,  receipts,  issues,  and  returns 
of  medical  supplies  will  be  made  in  conformity  therewith.  Articles  not  on  the  sup- 
ply table  will  be  issued  only  by  special  authority  of  the  Surgeon-General. 

166$.  The  routine  issue  of  disinfectants  is  prohibited. 

1669.  Damaged  or  unserviceable  medicines,  medical  books,  surgical  or  scientific 
instruments  and  appliances,  pertaining  to  the  Medical  Department,  will  not  be  pre- 
sented to  an  inspector  for  condemnation  until  authority  for  so  doing  has  been 
obtained  from  the  chief  surgeon  of  the  division  or  department. 

REPORTS   AND   RETURNS. 

16  TO,  Each  chief  surgeon  will  make  to  the  Surgeon-General  on  the  last  day  of 
every  month  a  return  of  medical  officers,  contract  and  dental  surgeons  and  physicians 
under  contract. 

1671.  When  authorized  by  the"  Secretary  of  War  chief  surgeons  will  visit  such 
posts  within  their  departments  as  may  be  designated,  and  will  investigate  and  report 
to  the  Surgeon-General  concerning  the  sanitary  condition  of  the  posts,  their  medical 
and  hospital  supplies,  and  the  discipline  and  efficiency  of  their  medical  service. 

ARTIFICIAL   LIMBS. 

1672.  Every  officer,  enlisted  man,  or  employee  of  the  military  forces  of  the 
United  States  who,  in  the  line  of  duty  or  through  disease  contracted  in  service,  shall 
have  lost  a  limb  or  the  use  of  a  limb  will  receive  once  every  three  years  an  artificial 
limb  or  appliance,  or  commuta,tion  therefor  if  he  shall  so  elect,  under  such  regula- 
tions as  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Army  shall  prescribe.  The  money  value  allowed 
as  commutation  is,  for  a  leg,  $75;  for  an  arm,  foot,  and  apparatus  for  resection,  $50. 

1673.  Necessary  transportation,  including  sleeping-car  accommodations,  required 
for  travel  to  place  where  artificial  limbs  may  be  fitted  will  be  furnished  by  the  Quar- 
termaster's Department,  the  cost  to  be  refunded  from  any  money  appropriated  for 
the  purchase  of  artificial  limbs. 

1674.  An  officer  who  pays  an  account  for  transportation  of  persons  to  enable 
them  to  procure  artificial  limbs  will,  as  soon  as  payment  is  made,  forward  the  origi- 
nal account  to  the  Quartermaster-General,  with  a  letter  of  transmittal,  in  which  he 
will  state  that  the  account  is  forwarded  under  the  provisions  of  this  paragraph  that 
it  may  be  referred  to  the  Surgeon-General  for  repayment  to  the  Quartermaster's 
Department.     The  paying  officer  will  take  credit  for  the  amount  paid  on  his  accounts 


230  THE    CORPS    OF    ENGINEERS. 

for  the  month,  and  will  note  thereon  the  fact  that  the  account  was  forwarded  to  the 
Quartermaster-General,  on  a  specified  date,  for  the  purpose  aforesaid. 

1675.  The  Quartermaster-General,  if  he  finds  the  account  correct,  will  forward  it 
to  the  Surgeon-General  with  request  that  the  amount  be  paid  to  the  depot  quarter- 
master, Washington,  D.  C.',  and  the  Surgeon-General  will  cause  the  amount  to  be 
paid  from  the  appropriation  for  artificial  limbs.  The  depot  quartermaster  will  deposit 
the  money  in  the  Treasury  to  the  credit  of  the  appropriation  for  Army  transporta- 
tion, and  in  his  account  current  will  state  from  whom  the  money  was  received,  and 
that  it  was  a  refundment  to  the  Quartermaster's  Department  from  the  appropriation 

for  artificial  limbs,  of  a  sum  paid  by ,  quartermaster.    United  States 

Army,  on  voucher  No. ,  for ,  19 — ,  for  the  transportation  of  a  person  en 

route  to  procure  an  artificial  limb. 

1676.  On  referring  an  account  to  the  Surgeon-General  for  refundment,  the  Quar- 
termaster-General will  notify  the  depot  quartermaster  of  his  action,  giving  the  name 
of  the  quartermaster  who  made  the  payment,  date  and  number  of  the  voucher  on 
which  payment  was  made,  and  amount  paid.  He  will  state  that  the  payment  was 
for  the  transportation  of  a  person  en  route  to  procure  an  artificial  limb. 

ARTICLE  LXXXII. 

The  Corps  of  P^ngineers.' 

1677.  The  duties  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers  comprise  reconnoitering  and  survey- 
ing for  military  purposes,  including  the  laying  out  of  camps;  selection  of  sites  and 
formation  of  plans  and  estimates  for  military  defenses;  construction  and  repair  of 
fortifications  and  their  accessories,  including  the  location  and  supervision  of  con- 
struction of  all  buildings  in  or  within  1  mile  of  any  fortification;  supplying,  by 
purchase  or  otherwise,  and  distributing  the  necessary  submarine  mining  material 
and  electric-lighting  supplies  for  seacoast  fortifications;  planning  and  superintending 
of  defensive  or  offensive  works  of  troops  in  the  fisld ;  examination  of  routes  of  com- 
munications for  supplies  and  for  military  movements;  construction  of  military  roads 
and  bridges;  execution  of  river  and  harbor  improvements  assigned  to  it,  and  such 
other  duties  as  the  President  or  Congress  may  order.  It  collects,  arranges,  and  pre- 
serves all  correspondence,  reports,  memoirs,  estimates,  plans,  drawings,  such  deeds 
and  titles  as  relate  to  the  Washington  Aqueduct  and  public  buildings  and  grounds 
in  the  District  of  Columbia,  and  models  which  concern  or  relate  in  any  wise  to  the 
several  duties  above  eimmerated. 

16 7§.  The  Chief  of  Engineers  will  have  his  headquarters  at  Washington,  D.  C, 
and  will  be  charged,  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  with  the  command 
of  the  Corps  of  Engineers,  both  staff  and  line,  excepting  such  portions  as  are  specif- 
ically detached  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  with  the  management  of  the 
Engineer  Department,  including  the  regulation  of  the  duties  of  all  officers,  agents, 
and  others  who  may  be  employed  under  his  direction. 

1679.  When  officers  or  troops  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers  are  detached  from  the 
command  of  the  Chief  of  Engineers,  they  will  continue  to  conform  to  the  regulations 
of  the  Engineer  Department  in  regard  to  the  keeping  of  records  and  rendering  of 
reports  and  accounts. 

16 SO.  Officers  and  troops  serving  under  the  immediate  orders  of  the  Chief  of 
Engineers  will  not  be  diverted  from  such  service,  except  in  cases  of  marked  public 
exigencies,  and,  when  so  diverted,  the  officers  will  immediately  report  the  facts  to 

1  Regulations  for  the  government  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers,  prepared  and  published  under  the 
authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  are  distributed  to  its  officers  by  the  Chief  of  Engineers.  Only  such 
regulations  are  herein  given  as  are  general  in  their  nature  or  affect  other  branches  of  the  service. 


THE    CORPS    OF    ENGINEERS.  231 

the  Chief  of  Engineers,  forwarding  a  copy  of  the  orders  they  may  have  received. 
The  officer  issuing  the  order  will  transmit  a  copy  direct  to  the  War  Department. 
Upon  the  termination  of  the  exigency  such  officers  or  troops  will  be  returned  to  their 
prior  service,  unless  otherwise  directed  by  the  Chief  of  Engineers. 

16§1.  Every  organization  or  detachment  of  engineer  troops  will  be  entitled  to 
the  same  provisions,  allowances,  and  benefits,  in  every  respect,  as  are  allowed  by 
law  or  regulations  to  other  troops  of  the  military  establishment. 

16§2.  When  engineer  companies  or  batta,lions  serve  with  troops  of  other  arms 
the  senior  officer  of  the  line  present  for  duty  therewith  will  command  the  whole. 

16§3.  The  senior  officer  of  engineers  commanding  engineer  troops  serving  with 
an  army,  corps,  or  independent  division  in  the  field  will  be  attached  to  general 
headquarters  of  that  organization,  but  will  not  be  a  member  of  the  staff  of  the  com- 
manding oflBcer  unless  specifically  so  appointed. 

16 §4.  The  senior  officer  of  engineers  serving  with  an  army  corps,  a  division,  a 
brigade,  or  smaller  body,  will  communicate  to  the  commander  thereof  any  orders 
received  from  any  engineer  officer  who  has  authority  to  issue  such  orders. 

16§5.  An  engineer  directed  to  superintend  any  works  to  be  constructed  by  troops 
will  point  out  what  is  to  be  done,  and  will  maintain  such  a  supervision  as  will  enable 
him  to  see  that  it  is  done  correctly.  It  will  be  the  duty  of  the  oflficer  having  charge 
of  the  detachment  to  execute  the  work  accordingly.  The  detail  of  troops  for  work 
to  be  carried  on  under  the  superintendence  of  engineers  will  be  furnished  on  requi- 
sition addressed  to  the  officer  in  chief  command  of  the  troops  by  the  senior  engineer 
officer  on  the  staff  of  that  command.  The  requisition  will  specify  the  number  of  men 
required,  the  times  and  places  at  which  they  will  assemble  to  commence  work,  and  the 
name  and  rank  of  the  engineer  officer  to  whom  they  will  report.  The  lequisition 
may  be  for  part  of  a  day  or  night,  for  a  whole  day  or  night,  for  a  week  or  a  longer 
period,  according  to  circumstances,  the  duration  of  the  service  always  being  specified. 

16§6.  When  on  duty  in  the  field  with  armies  or  other  independent  organizations, 
engineer  officers  making  surveys  and  reconnaissances  will  at  once  forward  their  maps 
and  reports  of  operations  to  the  proper  officer  at  headquarters,  who  will  report 
directly  to  the  commanding  officer  at  those  headquarters. 

16§T.  The  senior  engineer  officer  serving  with  an  army  or  other  independent 
organization  in  the  field  will,  subject  to  the  approval  of  his  commanding  officer, 
report  monthly  to  the  Chief  of  Engineers,  United  States  Army,  the  operations  of  the 
engineer  force  under  his  direction  sufficiently  in  detail  to  show  the  nature  and  extent 
of  the  operations  and  the  respective  portions  executed  by  the  several  engineer  officers 
engaged  therein. 

168§.  The  senior  engineer  officer  will  also  cause  to  be  made  plans  of  all  works 
executed  under  his  direction,  and  will  cause  journals  to  be  kept,  showing  by  drawings 
and  descriptions,  as  far  as  practicable,  each  day's  events.  These  plans  and  descrip- 
tions, with  maps  of  all  surveys  and  reconnaissances  and  explanatory  reports  or 
memoirs,  will  be  carefully  preserved  and  transmitted  at  suitable  opportunities  to  the 
Chief  of  Engineers,  United  States  Army. 

16§9.  AVhen  an  engineer  officer  is  sent  to  any  military  department,  fortress,  gar- 
rison, or  post,  a  duplicate  of  his  orders  will  be  sent  to  the  commanding  officer.  On 
his  arrival  the  engineer  officer  will  communicate  his  orders,  and  necessary  facilities 
for  executing  them  will  be  afforded  by  the  commanding  officer.  While  so  on  duty, 
without  being  especially  put  under  the  direction  of  the  commanding  officer,  the 
engineer  officer  will  be  furnished  with  copies  of  all  orders  and  regulations  of  the 
command  relative  to  etiquette  and  police  and  with  the  countersign  when  quartered 
within  a  chain  of  sentinels.  The  engineer  officer  will  report  to  the  commanding 
officer  when  relieved  from  duty  within  the  limits  of  the  command. 


232  THE    ORDNANCE    DEPARTMENT. 

1690.  Engineer  officers  engaged  in  the  construction  of  fortifications  or  other 
pubHc  works  are  entitled  to  the  same  allowances  of  quarters,  mess  rooms,  and 
kitchens,  with  fuel  for  the  same,  as  are  provided  by  regulations  for  officers  at  gar- 
risoned posts. 

1691.  No  alterations  will  be  made  in  any  fortification  or  in  its  casemates,  quarters, 
barracks,  magazines,  storehouses,  or  any  other  building  belonging  to  it,  nor  will  any 
building  of  any  kind,  or  work  of  earth,  masonry,  or  timber  be  erected  within  any 
fortification  or  within  a  mile  of  its  exterior,  except  under  the  direction  of  the  Chief 
of  Engineers,  United  States  Army,   and  by  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

1692.  When  the  Chief  of  Engineers,  United  States  Army,  is  satisfied  that  any 
fortification  or  any  of  its  accessories  is  in  all  respects  complete,  so  far  as  the  functions 
of  his  department  are  concerned,  he  will  give  notice  thereof,  in  writing,  to  the  Secre- 
tary of  War,  that  it  may  be  turned  over  to  the  troops  for  use  and  care.  Until  its 
completion  has  been  so  announced,  no  work  will  be  occupied  by  troops  except  by  the 
special  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

1693.  Officers  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers,  or  those  on  engineer  duty,  traveling  on 
service  connected  with  fortifications  or  works  of  public  improvement  will  be  paid 
their  travel  allowances  from  the  special  appropriation  for  the  work.  When  travel- 
ing on  any  other  duty,  the  mileage  will  be  paid  by  that  branch  of  the  service 
intrusted  with  such  payments  for  the  Army. 

ARTICLE  LXXXIII. 

The  Ordnance  Department.^ 
general  provisions. 

1694.  The  Chief  of  Ordnance,  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  is 
charged  with  the  duty  of  procuring,  by  purchase  or  manufacture,  and  distributing 
the  necessary  ordnance  and  ordnance  supplies  for  the  Government,  and  establishes 
and  maintains  arsenals  and  depots  for  their  manufacture  and  safe-keeping.  All  offi- 
cers or  other  persons  in  the  military  establishment,  to  whom  ordnance  and  ordnance 
supplies  or  funds  are  intrusted,  will  make  accounts  and  returns  thereof  to  the  Chief 
of  Ordnance  at  the  times  and  in  the  manner  prescribed  by  him. 

ISSUES  AND  SALES. 

1695.  Ordnance  and  ordnance  stores  include  cannon  and  artillery  carriages  and 
equipments;  apparatus  and  machines  for  the  service  and  maneuver  of  artillery;  small- 
arms  ammunition  and  accoutrements;  horse  equipments  and  harness  for  the  artillery; 
tools,  machinery,  and  materials  for  the  ordnance  service,  and  all  property  of  what- 
ever nature  supplied  to  the  military  establishment  by  the  Ordnance  Department. 

1696.  In  time  of  peace,  ordnance  and  ordnance  stores  are  issued  from  the  arsenals 
and  armories  by  direction  of  the  Chief  of  Ordnance.  Should  an  issue  be  made  not 
directed  by  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  the  order  therefor  will  be  promptly  transmitted 
to  him  by  the  issuing  officer. 

1697.  In  time  of  war,  issues  may  be  made  to  troops  in  service  on  the  order  of 
any  general  or  field  officer  commanding  an  army,  garrison,  or  detachment.  To 
authorize  an  issue  to  militia,  they  must  have  been  regularly  mustered  into  the  serv- 
ice of  the  United  States  and  the  requisition  for  the  stores  must  be  properly  approved. 

169§.  The  Chief  of  Ordnance  will,  on  the  recommendation  of  a  department  com- 
mander, approved  by  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army  and  the  Secretary  of 

1  Regulations  for  the  government  of  the  Ordnance  Department,  prepared  and  published  under 
authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  are  distributed  to  its  officers  by  the  Chief  of  Ordnance.  Only  such 
regulations  are  herein  giren  as  are  general  in  their  nature  or  affect  other  branches  of  the  service. 


DEPOTS REQUISITIONS ISSUES.  233 

War,  establish  ordnance  depots  at  such  points  as  may  be  designated  by  the  Secretary 
of  War  where  ordnance  stores  will  be  held  for  distribution  to  the  troops,  under  such 
regulations  as  the  department  commander  may  prescribe. 

1699.  When  practicable,  these  depots  will  be  under  the  charge  of  ordnance  offi- 
cers, and  only  such  limited  supply  of  ordnance  stores  as  may  be  required  to  meet 
emergencies  will  be  kept  at  or  issued  from  them.  All  other  ordnance  stores  will  be 
supplied  from  the  arsenals,  as  provided  in  paragraph  1696. 

1  TOO.  Requisitions  for  ordnance  supplies  to  meet  emergencies  will  be  filled  from 
a  depot,  under  the  instructions  of  the  department  commander.  The  officer  in  charge 
will  be  responsible,  under  the  department  commander,  that  sufiicient  stores,  pro- 
cured by  timely  requisitions  upon  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  are  always  on  hand. 
Unserviceable  and  unsuitable  ordnance  and  ordnance  stores  at  such  depots  are  under 
the  control  of  the  Chief  of  Ordnance. 

1701.  Requisitions  for  ordnance  and  ordnance  stores  not  on  hand  within  a  depart- 
ment must  be  approved  by  the  immediate  commanders.  The  personal  approval  of 
the  department  commander,  or  of  the  chief  ordnance  officer  of  his  department  is 
necessary,  but  in  the  absence  of  the  department  commander  the  approval  may  be 
made  in  his  name  by  one  of  his  staff  officers.  After  approval  one  copy  is  forwarded 
to  the  Chief  of  Ordnance  direct. 

1 702.  Requisitions  will  be  made  in  conformity  wdth  the  supply  tables  prepared 
by  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  unless  extraordinary  circumstances,  to  be  plainly  set  forth 
in  each  case,  should  require  a  larger  supply  of  one  or  more  of  the  articles  authorized. 

1T03.  Requisitions  for  ordnance  stores,  to  replace  those  condemned,  will  be 
accompanied  by  a  certified  copy  of  the  inspection  report;  but  issues  may  be  made 
before  condemnation  on  requisition  and  the  officer's  statement  that  the  stores  are 
immediately  needed  for  the  proper  equipment  of  his  command  and  that  the  articles 
are  to  replace  unserviceable  stores,  but  if  required  to  replace  those  lost  or  damaged 
by  the  carelessness  of  the  men,  the  officer  will  certify  that  he  has  charged  the  cost 
of  the  same  on  the  muster  and  pay  rolls. 

1704.  The  service  arms,  ammunition,  accoutrements,  and  horse  equipments 
required  by  an  officer  for  his  own  use  in  the  public  service  may  be  sold  to  him  by 
the  Ordnance  Department  at  the  regulation  price  and  the  money  received  passed 
to  the  credit  of  the  proper  appropriation.  Ordnance  suppHes  thus  sold  to  officers 
will  not  be  disposed  of  to  persons  not  in  the  military  service. 

1705.  When  the  arms  or  equipments  authorized  to  be  purchased  in  the  preceding 
paragraph  can  not  be  obtained  from  an  ordnance  officer,  officers  may  take  from  those 
for  which  they  are  accountable  such  articles  as  they  require  for  their  personal  use  or 
may  furnish  them  to  officers  of  their  commands  for  like  purpose.  In  such  cases 
they  will  refund  the  cost  of  the  articles  to  the  Ordnance  Department  by  depositing 
the  money  with  an  assistant  treasurer  or  an  authorized  depositary  and  taking  and 
transmitting  the  customary  certificates. 

1 706.  Officers  serving  with  troops  may  draw  for  their  personal  use,  from  stores 
belonging  to  the  command  with  which  they  are  serving,  one  regulation  rifle  or  car- 
bine and  one  revolver,  with  the  appropriate  equipments  and  the  usual  quantity  of 
ammunition  for  each  arm.  This  ordnance  property  may  be  used  in  action  or  target 
practice  and  will  be  accounted  for  on  quarterly  returns  to  the  Chief  of  Ordnance. 

1707.  Ordnance  stores  will  not  be  loaned  to  any  person,  and  any  officer  violating 
this  rule  will  be  held  responsible  for  the  money  value  of  the  articles. 

1708.  An  officer  who  makes  an  issue  of  ordnance  stores  to  one  not  in  command 
of  troops,  except  under  orders  from  competent  authority,  will  be  charged  with  the 
money  value  of  the  stores  so  issued. 


234  AMMUNITION SURPLUS    AND    DAMAGED  ' STORES. 

1709.  The  issue  or  sale  of  arms,  ammunition,  or  other  ordnance  stores  to  Indians 
not  in  the  military  service,  or  to  Indian  agents,  will  not  be  made  except  by  the  spe- 
cial authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

1710.  Civilian  employees  of  the  War  Department  may  be  armed  when  necessary 
for  the  protection  of  life  or  public  property,  and  the  same  responsibility  attaches  to 
the  officers  accountable  for  the  arms  furnished  them  that  attaches  to  those  account- 
able for  the  arms  in  the  hands  of  enlisted  men. 

1711.  The  sale  of  ammunition  to  civilians  belonging  to  exploring  or  surveying 
expeditions  authorized  by  law,  and  to  civilian  employees  of  the  W^ar  Department, 
may  be  made  for  hunting  purposes  when  considered  necessary  for  their  subsistence 
or  for  the  interest  of  the  United  States. 

1712.  Arms  lost,  destroyed,  or  embezzled  by  civilian  employees  will  be  charged 
in  the  same  manner  as  stores  similarly  lost  by  enlisted  men.  A  certified  statement 
of  the  fact  will  be  made  in  duplicate  and  the  money  accounted  for  to  the  Ordnance 
Department.     One  copy  of  the  statement  is  filed  with  the  return.  . 

EXPENDITURE   OF   AMMUNITION. 

1713.  Ammunition  will  only  be  expended  in  action,  in  defense  of  life  or  public 
property,  in  target  practice,  in  the  preliminary  instruction  of  the  soldier,  in  hunting, 
and  for  authorized  salutes. 

1714.  The  officer's  certificate  as  to  the  necessity  for  all  expenditures  of  ammu- 
nition must  accompany  his  property  return,  and  when  ammunition  is  dropped  from 
his  return  as  "expended  in  action  by  civil  employees,"  a  statement  giving  the  place, 
date,  and  attending  circumstances,  sufficiently  in  detail  to  insure  verification,  must 
be  filed  with  the  return. 

1715.  Ammunition  expended  by  a  soldier  without  orders,  or  not  in  the  line  of 
duty,  or  which  may  be  damaged  or  lost  through  his  neglect,  will  be  charged  to  him. 

1716.  When  ammunition  is  furnished  to  civilian  employees,  it  is  not  to  be  dropped 
from  the  returns  unless  expended  in  action  or  in  hunting  when  necessary  to  obtain 
subsistence.  Ammunition  not  so  expended  will  be  returned  to  the  responsible  officer 
and  accounted  for  by  him,  or  paid  for  at  the  price  fixed. 

SURPLUS   AND    DAMAGED   STORES. 

1717.  Serviceable  surplus  ordnance  stores  may  be  turned  in  at  the  nearest  arsenal 
on  the  order  of  a  department  commander,  or  if  iu  the  hands  of  a  recruiting  officer, 
on  the  order  of  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

171§.  Officers  in  charge  of  arsenals  and  ordnance  depots  will  afford  every  facility 
to  officers  authorized  to  turn  in  property.  They  will  give  receipts  for  it  according  to 
condition. 

1719.  Whenever  canteens  become  unserviceable  because  of  worn-out  covers  or 
lost  corks,  they  will  not  be  presented  for  condemnation,  but  will  be  repaired  by  the 
troops.  Timely  requisitions  will  be  made  on  the  Ordnance  Department  for  extra 
covers,  corks,  etc. ,  with  which  to  repair  them. 

1720.  On  arrival  of  recruits  at  their  destination  the  clothing  bags,  haversacks, 
meat  cans,  tin  cups,  knives,  forks,  spoons,  and  canteens  in  their  possession  will  be 
immediately  turned  over  to  an  officer,  to  be  designated  by  the  commanding  officer 
of  the  post  to  which  the  recruits  are  sent  for  assignment,  who  will  receipt  to  the 
responsible  officer  for  the  property  in  the  hands  of  such  recruits  and  cause  the  same 
to  be  properly  packed  and  turned  over  to  the  Quartermaster's  Department  for  trans- 
portation to  such  arsenal  as  may  be  designated  by  the  Chief  of  Ordnance  for  repairs 
and  subsequent  issue  to  recruiting  stations  and  recruiting  rendezvous. 


REPAIRS — PRICE    LISTS TRANSPORTATION.  235 

Should  any  of  these  stores  be  needed  for  the  proper  equipment  of  the  organization 
to  which  the  recruits  are  sent,  the  officer  designated  to  receipt  for  such  property  will, 
with  the  approval  of  the  post  commander,  transfer  them  and  immediately  report  to 
the  Chief  of  Ordnance  what  articles  are  so  transferred. 

In  all  cases  where  no  officer  accompanies  the  recruits  the  officer  responsible  for 
the  property  in  their  hands  will  forward  invoices  for  the  stores  to  the  commanding 
officer  of  the  post  to  which  the  recruits  are  sent  for  assignment.  In  case  of  any  loss 
or  discrepancy  the  responsibility  will  be  at  once  investigated. 

1721.  Ordinary  repairs  can  usually  be  made  in  the  company,  or  at  the  post,  with 
the  means  provided  for  that  purpose  by  the  Ordnance  Department.  When  the 
repairs  required  are  too  extensive  to  be  thus  made,  an  inspector  should  reconamend 
that  the  stores  be  sent  to  an  arsenal  to  be  designated  by  the  Chief  of  Ordnance.  A 
certified  extract  from  the  inspection  report,  accompanying  the  invoices,  is  the  officer's 
authority  for  turning  them  in. 

1 722,  In  the  absence  of  an  inspecting  officer  department  commanders  may  direct 
all  arms,  accoutrements,  or  equipments  needing  repairs  which  can  not  be  made  by 
the  troops  to  be  sent  to  an  arsenal  to  be  designated  by  the  Chief  of  Ordnance. 

172S.  No  officer  will  turn  in  any  unserviceable  ordnance  stores  except  as  pro- 
vided in  these  regulations. 

1 724.  Lists  of  prices  to  be  charged  against  soldiers  for  the  loss  of  or  damage  to 
firearms  are  published  from  time  to  time. 

1725.  Arm  chests  not  required  for  the  storage  of  supplies  will  be  returned  to  the 
nearest  arsenal  or  ordnance  depot  when  the  cost  of  transportation  is  not  greater  than 
the  value  of  the  property.  Officers  to  whom  such  chests  have  been  issued  will  be 
charged  with  their  value  if  they  are  destroyed. 

INSPECmON   OF  ORDNANCE  SUPPLIES. 

1726.  Before  final  disposition  of  ordnance  supplies  which  from  any  cause  are 
worn  out  or  damaged,  they  will  be  submitted  to  an  inspector.  But  when  small  arms 
become  unseviceable  and  can  not,  under  existing  orders,  be  repaired  at  the  post, 
they  will  be  turned  into  the  nearest  depot  or  arsenal,  and  will  under  no  circum- 
stances be  broken  up. 

1727.  When  sales  of  ordnance  stores  are  recommended,  all  of  the  copies  of  the 
inspection  report  will  be  forwarded  by  the  department  commander  direct  to  the 
Chief  of  Ordnance,  for  the  final  action  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

172§.  When  the  recommendation  of  an  inspector  for  sale  of  ordnance  supplies 
is  approved,  two  copies  of  the  report  will  be  returned  to  the  officer  accountable  for 
the  stores,  through  the  headquarters  of  the  department  in  which  he  may  be  serving, 
with  detailed  instructions  how  to  make  the  sales  and  account  for  the  proceeds,  and 
one  copy  transmitted  to  the  Inspector-General.  One  copy  of  each  inventory  and 
inspection  report  must  accompany  the  return. 

PACKING    AND   TRANSPORTATION. 

1 729.  Officers  who  ship  arms  of  any  description  are  held  responsible  that  they 
are  so  packed  that,  under  ordinary  handling,  they  can  not  break  loose  from  their 
fastenings  in  the  boxes,  and  that  no  loaded  arm  is  packed  for  transportation.  When- 
loaded  arms,  or  arms  insecurely  packed,  are  received  by  an  officer,  he  will  report 
the  facts  direct  to  the  Chief  of  Ordnance. 

1730.  After  packing  arms  or  other  ordnance  stores  for  shipment,  the  covers  and 
bottoms  of  the  arm  chests  and  packing  boxes  will,  if  possible,  be  sealed  with 
wax  and  stamped  with  an  official  mark  by  the  officer  responsible.     The  lid  will  be 


286  PACKING^EETURNS TESTS TRIALS. 

secured  by  screws,  at  least  two  of  which  will  be  sealed.  Each  board  on  top  and 
bottom  will  have  at  least  one  sealed  screw.  The  screw  heads  will  be  countersunk 
to  a  depth  sufficient  to  protect  the  wax  seal  from  injury.  The  design  of  the  seal  will 
designate  the  arsenal  or  post  from  which  the  shipment  is  made,  or  the  name  of 
the  shipping  officer. 

1731.  The  Ordnance  Department  will  prepare  official  stamps  for  sealing  boxes 
and  distribute  them  in  duplicate  to  each  company.  Company  commanders  will 
account  for  them  in  their  quarterly  returns  of  ordnance  stores  and  use  them  exclu- 
sively for  purposes  intended. 

1732.  The  name  of  the  invoicing  officer,  the  gross  weight  of  all  boxes  and  date 
of  weighing  will  be  distinctly  marked  thereon.  Each  quartermaster  who  ships  or 
receives  ordnance  stores  will  satisfy  himself  that  the  seals  on  the  packages  are 
unbroken.  If  the  seals  should  be  broken  and  any  stores  lost,  he  will  cause  the 
value  of  the  lost  stores  to  be  charged  to  the  carrier. 

1733.  For  transportation,  ordnance  stores  will  be  turned  over  to  the  Quarter- 
master's Department,  with  duplicate  invoices;  a  third  invoice,  with  duplicate 
receipts,  to  be  signed  by  the  receiving  officer,  will  be  sent  direct  to  him  by  mail. 
Materials  procured  for  current  use  at  ordnance  establishments  will  be  transported  at 
the  expense  of  the  Ordnance  Department. 

RETURNS   AND   REPORTS. 

1734.  Officers  accountable  for  ordnance  funds  will  render  the  returns  and  state- 
ments required  by  Ordnance  Property  Kegulations. 

1735.  Records  of  artillery  firing  will  be  kept  by  commanding  officers  of  perma- 
nent forts  and  batteries,  and  a  copy  forwarded  direct  to  the  Chief  of  Ordnance  at  the 
end  of  February,  April,  June,  August,  October,  and  December  of  each  year. 

1736.  Requisitions  for  blanks  and  blank  books  required  for  the  use  of  the  Ord- 
nance Department  will  be  made  quarterly,  or  when  needed,  by  every  regiment  and 
company.  Those  suited  to  every  command  and  arm  of  the  service  can  be  obtained 
upon  application  to  the  Chief  of  Ordnance. 

1737.  In  the  care  and  preservation  of  artillery  material,  magazines,  small  arms, 
etc.,  the  instructions  contained  in  the  authorized  Manual  of  Heavy  Artillery  and  the 
publications  of  the  Ordnance  Department  will  be  observed. 

TESTS   AND    EXPERIMENTAL   TRIALS. 

173§.  No  written  or  pictorial  description  of  tests  by  this  Government  of  arms  or 
munitioi-S  of  war  will  be  made  for  publication  without  the  authority  of  the  Secretary 
of  War,  nor  will  any  information,  written  or  verbal,  concerning  them  which  is  not 
contained  in  the  printed  reports  and  documents  of  the  War  Department  be  given  to 
any  unauthorized  person. 

1739.  Except  by  special  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  no  persons  other  than 
ofl&cers  of  the  Army  and  Navy  of  the  United  States  and  members  of  Congress  in  their 
official  capacity,  and  persons  in  the  service  of  the  United  States  employed  in  direct 
connection  with  such  tests,  will  be  allowed  to  witness  the  same. 

1740.  Until  further  orders,  inventors  and  manufacturers,  or  their  properly 
accredited  representatives,  will  also  be  permitted  to  be  present  at  tests  of,  and  experi- 
ments with,  their  own  inventions. 

Commanding  officers  of  ordnance  establishments  and  other  military  posts  are 
authorized  to  pass  such  persons  into  them  when  they  present  the  necessary  creden- 
tials, but  only  for  the  purpose  stated.  Access  to  parts  of  commands  not  involved  in 
the  tests  and  experiments  and  to  any  war  material,  or  to  any  means  of  obtaining 
knowledge  of  the  same,  is  prohibited. 


THE    SIGNAL    CORPS.  237 

ARTICLE  LXXXIV. 

The  Signal  Corps. 

1741.  The  Chief  Signal  Officer  is  charged,  under  the  Secretary  of  War,  with  the 
direction  of  the  Signal  Bureau;  with  the  control  of  the  officers,  enlisted  men,  and 
employees  attached  thereto;  with  the  construction,  repair,  and  operation  of  military 
telegraph  lines  and  cables,  field  telegraph  trains,  balloon  trains,  and  electrical  com- 
munications for  fire-control  purposes;  with  the  preparation,  distribution,  and  revision 
of  the  War  Department  Telegraphic  Code;  with  the  supervision  of  such  instruction 
in  military  signaling  and  telegraphy  as  may  be  prescribed  in  orders  from  the  War 
Department;  with  the  procurement,  preservation,  and  distribution  of  the  necessary 
supplies  for  the  Signal  Corps  and  for  the  lake  and  seacoast  defenses.  He  has  charge 
of  all  .military  signal  duties,  and  of  books,  papers,  and  devices  connected  therewith, 
including  telegraph  and  telephone  apparatus  and  the  necessary  meteorological  instru- 
ments for  target  ranges  and  other  military  uses;  of  collecting  and  transmitting  infor- 
mation for  the  Army,  by  telegraph  or  otherwise,  and  all  other  duties  pertaining  to 
military  signaling. 

I'y42.  Noncommissioned  officers  and  first-class  privates  of  the  Signal  Corps  will 
be  enlisted  and  may  be  mustered,  at  the  discretion  of  the  Chief  Signal  Officer  of  the 
Army,  in  the  class  for  which  they  are  competent  and  in  which  there  is  a  vacancy. 
They  will  be  promoted  and  reduced  in  the  class  of  their  grade,  as  fixed  by  law,  by 
the  Chief  Signal  Officer  of  the  Army  or  by  his  authority. 

1*743.  The  senior  signal  officer  of  an  army  in  the  field  commands  the  signal  par- 
ties serving  therein.  Orders  affecting  them  will  be  transmitted  through  him,  and  he 
will  be  responsible  that  they  are  fully  instructed,  adequately  supplied,  and  that  they 
properly  perform  their  duties.  He  will  keep  himself  informed  of  the  position  of  the 
army  and  of  the  enemy,  and  under  the  instruction  of  the  general  commanding  will 
establish  his  stations.  He  will  submit  reports  of  operations  to  the  general  command- 
ing, and  forward  copies  thereof  to  the  Chief  Signal  Officer  in  Washington,  to  whom 
he  will  report  monthly  his  station,  the  strength  and  condition  of  his  parties,  and  all 
other  matters  pertaining  to  their  duties  and  equipment. 

1 744.  When  telegraph  lines  are,  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  placed  under 
charge  of  signal  officers,  they  will  be  held  responsible  for  their  construction,  main- 
tenance, and  operation.  Commanding  officers  and  others  will  see  that  the  special 
duties  of  these  officers  are  not  interfered  with,  and  upon  proper  application  will 
render  any  assistance  in  their  power. 

1745.  Official  and  military  messages  will  have  precedence.  Communications 
transmitted  by  telegraph  or  signals  are  always  confidential,  and  will  not  be  revealed 
except  to  those  officially  entitled  to  receive  them. 

1746.  Subject  to  modification  in  orders  from  the  War  Department,  dispatches 
will  be  sent  in  the  following  order  of  priority,  due  regard  being  had  to  the  impor- 
tance of  messages  in  the  same  class: 

First.  Those  relating  to  the  movement  or  administration  of  the  army  in  the  field, 
and  of  the  Navy. 

Second.  Other  messages  relating  to  the  Army,  to  the  Navy,  and  to  governmental 
departments  or  bureaus  of  the  United  States. 

Third.  Messages  of  State,  Territorial,  or  other  civil  officials,  relating  to  public 
business. 

Fourth.  Messages  between  diplomatic  agents  of  neutral  Governments. 

Fifth.  Press  messages. 

Sixth.  Miscellaneous  business,  those  relating  to  death  or  serious  illness  having 
priority. 


238  MILITARY    TELEGRAPH    LINES. 

2.  Dispatches  containing  matter  deemed  to  be  injurious  to  the  interests  of  the  Army, 
must  be  submitted  to  the  commanding  general  of  the  army  in  the  field  for  his  orders 
relative  to  their  transmission. 

3.  Officers  and  soldiers  are  strictly  prohibited  from  communicating,  except  to  com- 
manding officers  or  under  special  authorization  from  proper  military  authority, 
information  by  telegraph  relative  to  numbers,  movements,  or  operations  of  troops, 
or  details  regarding  fortifications,  armaments,  or  experiments  made  in  connection 
with  military  matters.  Neither  shall  they  be  permitted  to  file  dispatches  containing 
opinions  on  military  operations  or  other  military  matters  relating  to  any  part  of  the 
army  or  command  with  which  they  are  serving. 

4.  Personal  and  press  messages  may,  under  conditions  not  interfering  with  mili- 
tary business,  be  transinitted  free  over  field  military  telegraph  lines  that  are  closed 
to  the  general  public. 

5.  The  use  of  any  cipher  is  forbidden,  except  in  communication  to  and  from  com- 
manding officers  and  their  superiors,  or  in  cases  of  civil  officers  specially  authorized. 
Personal  and  press  codes,  however,  may  be  utilized  for  the  economical  transmission 
of  dispatches  upon  filing  a  copy  of  the  code  with  the  central  office  and  under  such 
other  regulations  as  may  be  formulated  by  the  general  commanding  an  army  in  the 
field. 

6.  The  chief  signal  officer  of  an  army  operating  in  the  field,  or  of  a  district  under 
military  control,  in  carrying  out  his  general  instructions  will  formulate  necessary  j 
regulations  for  the  management  and  operation  of  military  telegraph  lines  under  his 
control.     General  rules  should  be  reduced,  to  writing,  be  clearly  defined,  and  impar- 
tially enforced. 

1747.  Department  commanders  will  supplement  the  operations  of  the  Signal 
Corps  of  the  Army  by  such  instruction  in  practice  in  military  signaling  as  they  deem 
necessary  for  the  public  service.  Instruction  in  the  line  of  the  Army  contemplates 
that  each  independent  command  should  have  at  least  two  officers  and  two  enlisted 
men  able  to  exchange  messages  in  the  Army  and  Navy  Code,  at  short  distances  by 
day  and  night. 

174§.  Any  person  or  persons  who  shall  willfully  or  maliciously  injure  or  destroy 
any  of  the  works  or  property  or  material  of  any  telegraphic  line  constructed  and 
owned,  or  in  process  of  construction,  by  the  United  States,  or  that  may  be  hereafter 
constructed  and  owned  or  occupied  and  controlled  by  the  United  States,  or  who  shall 
willfully  or  maliciously  interfere  in  any  way  with  the  working  or  use  of  any  such  tele- 
graphic line,  or  who  shall  willfully  or  maliciously  obstruct,  hinder,  or  delay  the  trans- 
mission of  any  communication  over  any  such  telegraphic  line,  shall  be  deemed  guilty 
of  a  misdemeanor,  and,  on  conviction  thereof  in  any  district  court  of  the  United 
States  having  jurisdiction  of  the  same,  shall  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  less  than 
1100  nor  more  than  $1,000,  or  with  imprisonment  for  a  term  not  exceeding  three 
years,  or  with  both,  in  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

1749.  Code  cards  and  instructions  for  manual  signaling  will  be  furnished  by  the 
Chief  Signal  Officer  of  the  Army  upon  application. 

1750.  Signal  supplies  will  be  furnished  by  the  Signal  Bureau  to  posts  and  such 
organizations  as  require  them,  on  requisitions  approved  by  department  commanders. 
They  will  be  receipted  for  by  signal  officers  and  will  be  accounted  for  to  the  Chief 
Signal  Officer  on  forms  furnished  for  the  purpose. 

1751.  Quartermasters  and  commissaries  will  issue  to  signal  parties  serving  in 
their  vicinity  such  supplies  from  their  respective  departments  as  may  be  necessary 
for  their  proper  equipment  and  subsistence,  on  the  requisition  of  the  officer  in 
charge  of  such  parties. 


THE    RECOED    AND    PENSION    OFFICE.  239 

ARTICLE  liXXXV. 

Record  and  Pension  Office, 

I  752.  The  Record  and  Pension  Office  is  a  bureau  of  the  War  Department  estab- 
lished by  law,  "  to  provide  for  the  permanent  preservation  and  custody  of  the  records 
of  tlie  vohinteer  armies,  and  for  other  purposes."  The  chief  of  the  Record  and  Pen- 
sion Office  has  charge,  under  the  Secretary  of  War,  "of  the  military  and  hospital 
records  of  the  volunteer  armies  and  the  pension  and  other  business  of  the  War  Depart- 
ment connected  therewith."  He  also  has  cliarge  of  the  publication  and  distribution 
of  the  Official  Records  of  the  War  of  the  Rebellion. 

175S.  Upon  the  muster-out  or  discharge  of  volunteers  or  militia  from  the  service 
of  the  United  States  all  muster  rolls,  returns,  reports,  medical  and  surgical  records, 
and  all  other  papers  pertaining  to  such  volunteers  or  militia  shall  be  transferred  from 
other  bureaus  of  the  War  Department  to  the  Record  and  Pension  Office  and  shall 
thereafter  be  tiled  in  that  office. 

1 754.  The  archives  of  the  Record  and  Pension  Office  include:  All  military  records 
of  the  Revolutionary  war;  the  records  of  all  organizations,  officers  or  enlisted  men  of 
disbanded  volunteers  or  militia  that  have  been  in  the  military  service  of  the  United 
States  since  the  Revolutionary  war;  the  records  of  the  Provost-Marshal-General's 
bureau;  the  records  of  the  bureau  of  Refugees,  Freedmen,  and  Abandoned  Lands; 
the  Confederate  records,  including  those  pertaining  to  the  legislative,  executive,  and 
judicial  branches  of  the  Confederate  Government. 

1755.  The  Record  and  Pension  Office  has  jurisdiction  of  all  subjects  relating  to 
the  disbanded  volunteer  armies  and  the  organizations,  officers,  and  enlisted  men 
composing  them.  All  communications  with  regard  to  those  subjects  will  be  recorded 
in  and  answered  through  the  Record  and  Pension  Office,  and  not  otherwise. 


240  UNIFORMS SOCIETY    BADGES BLANK   FORMS. 

ARTICLE  LXXXVI. 

Uniform. 

1756.  The  uniform  and  equipments  of  officers  ana  enlisted  men  will  be  prescribed 
in  special  regulations  published  by  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

1757.  The  proper  dress  for  the  day,  occasion  or  duty,  will  be  determined  by  the 
commanding  officer.  When  an  officer  or  soldier  is  permitted  to  wear  civilian  dress, 
it  will  not  be  accompanied  by  any  mark  of  the  uniform.  When  in  uniform  he  will 
conform  strictly  to  the  requirements  for  the  day. 

1758.  Officers  and  enlisted  men  may  be  permitted  to  wear  black  rubber  ponchog 
or  blankets,  or  black  or  dark-blue  waterproof  overcoats  when  on  duty  involving 
exposure  to  rainy  or  other  inclement  weather. 

1759.  In  time  of  war  officers  on  the  active  list  of  the  Army,  while  on  duty,  will 
wear  the  uniform  of  their  grade. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

1760.  Officers  and  enlisted  men  who,  in  their  own  right  or  by  right  of  inherit- 
ance, are  members  of  military  societies  of  men  who  served  in  the  armies  and  navies 
of  the  United  States  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution,  the  war  of  1812,  the  Mexican 
war,  the  war  of  the  rebellion,  or  the  Spanish- American  war,  and  the  incidental  insur- 
rection in  the  Philippines,  or  are  members  of  the  Regular  Army  and  Navy  Union  of 
the  United  States,  may  wear  on  all  occasions  of  ceremony  the  distinctive  badges 
adopted  by  such  societies;  badges  to  be  worn  on  the  left  breast  of  the  coat  suspended 
by  a  ribbon  from  a  bar  of  metal  passed  through  their  upper  ends,  and  tops  of  the 
ribbons  forming  a  horizontal  line,  the  outer  end  of  which  will  be  from  3  to  4  inches 
below  the  top  of  the  shoulder  according  to  height  of  wearer.  Medals  of  honor  and 
the  several  distinctive  marks  given  for  excellence  in  rifle  practice,  as  well  as  army 
corps  badges,  may  also  be  worn  in  the  same  manner  by  officers  and  enlisted  men 
upon  all  occasions  of  ceremony.     Insignia  * '  buttons ' '  will  not  be  worn. 

ARTICLE  LXXXVII. 

Blank  Forms. 

1761.  The  standard  blank  forms  used  in  Army  administration,  with  the  notes 
and  directions  thereon,  have  the  force  and  effect  of  Army  Regulations.  New  forms 
or  alterations  will  not  be  made  without  the  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  and 
the  date  on  which  a  form  or  alteration  was  authorized  will  be  printed  on  the  form 
itself.  All  notes  or  directions  on  these  blanks  will,  prior  to  their  issue,  be  approved 
by  the  Secretary  of  War.  These  forms  and  lists  of  them  will  be  furnished  by  the 
chiefs  of  the  various  bureaus  and  offices  of  the  War  Department.  Requisitions 
therefor  will  call  for  them  by  number  and  name. 


ARTICLES  OF  WAR. 


Section  1342,  Revised  Statutes.  The  armies  of  the  United  States  shall  be  governed 
by  the  following  rules  and  articles.  The  word  officer,  as  used  therein,  shall  be 
understood  to  designate  commissioned  officers;  the  word  soldier  shall  be  understood 
to  include  noncommissioned  officers,  musicians,  artificers,  privates,  and  other 
enlisted  men,  and  the  convictions  mentioned  therein  shall  be  understood  to  be  con- 
victions by  court-martial. 

Article  1 .  Every  officer  now  in  the  Army  of  the  United  States  shall,  within  six 
months  from  the  passing  of  this  act,  and  every  officer  hereafter  appointed  shall, 
before  he  enters  upon  the  duties  of  his  office  subscribe  these  rules  and  articles. 

Art.  2.  These  rules  and  articles  shall  be  read  to  every  enlisted  man  at  the  time  of 
or  within  six  days  after  his  enlistment,  and  he  shall  thereupon  take  an  oath  or  affir- 
mation in  the  following  form:  "I,  A.  B.,  do  solemnly  swear  (or  affirm)  that  I  will 
bear  true  faith  and  allegiance  to  the  United  States  of  America;  that  I  will  serve  them 
honestly  and  faithfully  against  all  their  enemies  whomsoever;  and  that  I  will  obey 
the  orders  of  the  President  of  the  United  States  and  the  orders  of  the  officers 
appointed  over  me,  according  to  the  rules  and  articles  of  war."  This  oath  may  be 
taken  before  any  commissioned  officer  of  the  Army. 

Art.  3.  Every  officer  who  knowingly  enlists  or  musters  into  the  military  service 
any  minor  over  the  age  of  16  years  without  the  written  consent  of  his  parents  or 
guardian,  or  any  minor  under  the  age  of  16  years,  or  any  insane  or  intoxicated  per- 
sons, or  any  deserter  from  the  military  or  naval  service  of  the  United  States,  or  any 
person  w  ho  has  been  convicted  of  any  infamous  criminal  offense,  shall,  upon  convic- 
tion, be  dismissed  from  the  service,  or  suffer  such  other  punishment  as  a  court- 
martial  may  direct. 

Art.  4.  No  enlisted  man,  duly  sworn,  shall  be  discharged  from  the  service  without 
a  discharge  in  writing,  signed  by  a  field  officer  of  the  regiment  to  which  he  belongs, 
or  by  the  commanding  officer  when  no  field  officer  is  present;  and  no  discharge  shall 
be  given  to  any  enhsted  man  before  his  term  of  service  has  expired  except  by  order 
of  the  President,  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  commanding  officer  of  a  department,  or 
by  sentence  of  a  general  court-martial. 

Art.  5.  Any  officer  who  knowingly  musters  as  a  soldier  a  person  who  is  not  a 
soldier  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  knowingly  making  a  false  muster  and  punished 
accordingly. 

Art.  6.  Any  officer  who  takes  money,  or  other  thing,  by  way  of  gratification,  on 
mustering  any  regiment,  troop,  battery,  or  company,  or  on  signing  muster  rolls, 
shall  be  dismissed  from  the  service,  and  shall  thereby  be  disabled  to  hold  any  office 
or  employment  in  the  service  of  the  United  States. 

Art.  7.  Every  officer  commanding  a  regiment,  an  independent  troop,  battery,  or 
company,  or  a  garrison,  shall,  in  the  beginning  of  every  month,  transmit  through 
the  proper  channels,  to  the  Department  of  War,  an  exact  return  of  the  same,  specify- 
ing the  names  of  the  officers  then  absent  from  their  posts,  with  the  reasons  for  and 

241 

22778—03 — -16 


242  ARTICLES    OF    WAR. 

the  time  of  their  absence.  And  any  officer  who,  through  neglect  or  design,  omits  to 
send  such  returns,  shall,  on  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  as  a  court-martial  may 
direct. 

Art.  8.  Every  officer  who  knowingly  makes  a  false  return  to  the  Department  of 
War,  or  to  any  of  his  superior  officers  authorized  to  call  for  such  returns,  of  the  state 
of  the  regiment,  troop  or  company,  or  garrison  under  his  command;  or  of  the  arms, 
ammunition,  clothing,  or  other  stores  thereunto  belonging,  shall,  on  conviction 
thereof  before  a  court-martial,  be  cashiered. 

Art.  9.  All  public  stores  taken  from  the  enemy  shall  be  secured  for  the  service  of 
the  United  States;  and  for  neglect  thereof  the  commanding  officer  shall  be  answer- 
able. 

Art.  10.  Every  officer  commanding  a  troop,  battery,  or  company  is  charged  with 
the  arms,  accouterments,  ammunition,  clothing,  or  other  military  stores  belonging 
to  his  command,  and  is  accountable  to  his  colonel  in  case  of  their  being  lost,  spoiled, 
or  damaged  otherwise  than  by  unavoidable  accident,. or  on  actual  service. 

Art.  11.  Every  officer  commanding  a  regiment  or  an  independent  troop,  battery, 
or  company,  not  in  the  field,  may,  when  actually  quartered  with  such  command, 
grant  furloughs  to  the  enlisted  men  in  such  numbers  and  for  such  time  as  he  shall 
deem  consistent  with  the  good  of  the  service.  Every  officer  commanding  a  regiment, 
or  an  independent  troop,  battery,  or  company,  in  the  field,  may  grant  furloughs  not 
exceeding  thirty  days  at  one  time,  to  five  per  centum  of  the  enlisted  men,  for  good 
conduct  in  the  line  of  duty,  but  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  commander  of  the 
forces  of  which  said  enlisted  men  form  a  part.  Every  company  officer  of  a  regiment, 
commanding  any  troop,  battery,  or  company  not  in  the  field,  or  commanding  in  any 
garrison,  fort,  post,  or  barratfk,  may,  in  the  absence  of  his  field  officer,  grant  fur- 
loughs to  the  enlisted  men  for  a  time  not  exceeding  twenty  days  in  six  months,  and 
not  to  more  than  two  persons  to  be  absent  at  the  same  time. 

Art.  12.  At  every  muster  of  a  regiment,  troop,  battery,  or  company,  the  command- 
ing officer  thereof  shall  give  to  the  mustering  officer  certificates,  signed  by  himself, 
stating  how  long  absent  officers  have  been  absent  and  the  reasons  of  their  absence. 
And  the  commanding  officer  of  every  troop,  battery,  or  company  shall  give  like 
certificates,  stating  how  long  absent  noncommissioned  officers  and  private  soldiers 
have  been  absent  and  the  reasons  of  their  absence.  Such  reasons  and  time  of  absence 
shall  be  inserted  in  the  muster  rolls  opposite  the  names  of  the  respective  absent 
officers  and  soldiers,  and  the  certificates,  together  with  the  muster  rolls,  shall  be 
transmitted  by  the  mustering  officer  to  the  Department  of  War  as  speedily  as  the 
distance  of  the  place  and  muster  will  admit. 

Art.  13.  Every  officer  who  signs  a  false  certificate,  relating  to  the  absence  or  pay 
of  an  officer  or  soldier,  shall  be  dismissed  from  the  service. 

Art.  14.  Any  officer  who  knowingly  makes  a  false  muster  of  man  or  horse,  or 
who  signs,  or  directs,  or  allows  the  signing  of  any  muster  roll,  knowing  the  same  to 
contain  a  false  muster,  shall,  upon  proof  thereof,  by  two  witnesses,  before  a  court- 
martial,  be  dismissed  from  the  service,  and  shall  thereby  be  disabled  to  hold  any 
office  or  employment  in  the  service  of  the  United  States. 

Art.  15.  Any  officer  who,  willfully  or  through  neglect,  suffers  to  be  lost,  spoiled,  or 
damaged  any  military  stores  belonging  to  the  United  States,  shall  make  good  the 
loss  or  damage,  and  be  dismissed  from  the  service. 

Art.  16.  Any  enlisted  man  who  sells,  or  willfully  or  through  neglect,  wastes  the 
ammunition  delivered  out  to  him,  shall  be  punished  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  17.  Any  soldier  who  sells  or,  through  neglect,  loses  or  spoils  his  horse,  arms, 
clothing,  or  accouterments,  shall  be  punished  as  a  court-martial  may  adjudge,  subject 
to  such  limitation  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  President  by  virtue  of  the  power 
vested  in  him.     [Act  of  July  27,  1892.] 


ARTICLES    OF    WAR.  243 

Art.  18.  Any  officer  commanding  in  any  garrison,  fort,  or  barracks  of  the  United 
States  who,  for  his  private  advantage,  lays  any  duty  or  imposition  upon,  or  is  inter- 
ested in,  the  sale  of  any  victuals,  liquors,  or  other  necessaries  of  life  brought  into 
such  garrison,  fort,  or  barracks  for  the  use  of  the  soldiers,  shall  be  dismissed  from 
the  service. 

Art.  19.  Any  officer  who  uses  contemptuous  or  disrespectful  words  against  the 
President,  the  Vice-President,  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  or  the  chief  magis- 
trate or  legislature  of  any  of  the  United  States  in  which  he  is  quartered,  shall  be 
dismissed  from  the  service,  or  otherwise  punished,  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 
Any  soldier  who  so  offends  shall  be  punished  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 
.  Art.  20.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who  behaves  himself  with  disrespect  towards  his 
commanding  officer  shall  be  punished  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  21.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who,  on  any  pretense  whatsoever,  strikes  his  supe- 
rior officer,  or  draws  or  lifts  up  any  weapon,  or  offers  any  violence  against  him,  being 
in  the  execution  of  his  office,  or  disobeys  any  lawful  command  of  his  superior  officer, 
shall  suffer  death,  or  such  other  punishment  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  22.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who  begins,  excites,  causes,  or  joins  in  any  mutiny, 
or  sedition,  in  any  troop,  battery,  company,  party,  post,  detachment,  or  guard,  shall 
suffer  death,  or  such  other  punishment  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  28.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who,  being  present  at  any  mutiny  or  sedition,  does 
not  use  his  utmost  endeavor  to  suppress  the  same,  or  having  knowledge  of  any 
intended  mutiny  or  sedition,  does  not,  without  delay,  give  information  thereof  to  his 
commanding  officer,  shall  suffer  death,  or  such  other  punishment  as  a  court-martial 
may  direct. 

Art.  24.  All  officers,  of  what  condition  soever,  have  power  to  part  and  quell  all 
quarrels,  frays,  and  disorders,  whether  among  persons  belonging  to  his  own  or  to 
another  corps,  regiment,  troop,  battery,  or  company,  and  to  order  officers  into  arrest, 
and  noncommissioned  officers  and  soldiers  into  confinement,  who  take  part  in  the 
same,  until  their  proper  superior  officer  is  acquainted  therewith.  And  whosoever, 
being  so  ordered,  refuses  to  obey  such  officer  or  noncommissioned  officer,  or  draws  a 
weapon  upon  him,  shall  be  punished  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  25.  No  officer  or  soldier  shall  use  any  reproachful  or  provoking  speeches  or 
gestures  to  another.  Any  officer  who  so  offends  shall  be  put  in  arrest.  Any  soldier 
why  so  offends  shall  be  confined  and  required  to  ask  pardon  of  the  party  offended 
in  the  presence  of  his  commanding  officer. 

Art.  26.  No  officer  or  soldier  shall  send  a  challenge  to  another  officer  or  soldier  to 
fight  a  duel,  or  accept  a  challenge  so  sent.  Any  officer  who  so  offends  shall  be  dis- 
missed from  the  service.  Any  ^oldier  who  so  offends  shall  suffer  such  punishment 
as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  27.  Any  officer  or  noncommissioned  officer,  commanding  a  guard,  who  know- 
ingly and  willingly  suffers  any  person  to  go  forth  to  fight  a  duel  shall  be  punished 
as  a  challenger;  and  all  seconds  or  promoters  of  duels,  and  carriers  of  challenges  to 
fight  duels,  shall  be  deemed  principals,  and  punished  accordingly.  It  shall  be  the 
duty  of  any  officer  commanding  an  army,  regiment,  troop,  battery,  company,  post, 
or  detachment,  who  knows  or  has  reason  to  believe  that  a  challenge  has  been  given 
or  accepted  by  any  officer  or  enlisted  man  under  his  command,  immediately  to  arrest 
the  offender  and  bring  him  to  trial. 

Art.  28.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who  upbraids  another  officer  or  soldier  for  refusing 
a  challenge  shall  himself  be  punished  as  a  challenger;  and  all  officers  and  soldiers  are 
hereby  discharged  from  any  disgrace  or  opinion  of  disadvantage  which  might  arise 
from  their  having  refused  to  accept  challenges,  as  they  will  only  have  acted  in  obe- 
dience to  the  law.  and  have  done  their  duty  as  good  soldiers,  who  subject  themselves 
to  discipline.    -. 


244  ARTICLES    OF    WAR. 

Art.  29.  Any  officer  who  thinks  himself  wronged  by  the  commanding  officer  of 
his  regiment,  and,  upon  due  application  to  such  commander,  is  refused  redress,  may 
complain  to  the  general  commanding  in  the  State  or  Territory  where  such  regiment 
is  stationed.  The  general  shall  examine  into  said  complaint  and  take  proper  meas- 
ures for  redressing  the  wrong  complained  of;  and  he  shall,  as  soon  as  possible,  trans- 
mit to  the  Department  of  War  a  true  statement  of  such  complaint,  with  the  pro- 
ceedings had  thereon. 

Art.  30.  Any  soldier  who  thinks  himself  wronged  by  any  officer  may  complain  to 
the  commanding  officer  of  his  regiment,  who  shall  summon  a  regimental  court-mar- 
tial for  the  doing  of  justice  to  the  complainant.  Either  party  may  appeal  from  such 
regimental  court-martial  to  a  general  court-martial;  but  if,  upon  such  second  hearing, 
the  appeal  appears  to  be  groundless  and  vexatious,  the  party  appealing  shall  be 
punished  at  the  discretion  of  said  general  court-martial. 

Art.  31.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who  lies  out  of  his  quarters,  garrison,  or  camp, 
without  leave  from  his  superior  officer,  shall  be  punished  as  a  court-martial  may 
direct. 

Art.  32.  Any  soldier  who  absents  himself  from  his  troop,  battery,  company,  or 
detachment,  without  leave  from  his  commanding  officer,  shall  be  punished  as  a  court- 
martial  may  direct. 

Art.  33.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who  fails,  except  when  prevented  by  sickness  or 
other  necessity,  to  repair,  at  the  fixed  time,  to  the  place  of  parade,  exercise,  or  other 
rendezvous  appointed  by  his  commanding  officer,  or  goes  from  the  same,  without 
leave  from  his  commanding  officer,  before  he  is  dismissed  or  relieved,  shall  be  pun- 
ished as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  34.  Any  soldier  who  is  found  one  mile  from  camp,  without  leave  in  writing 
from  his  commanding  officer,  shall  be  punished  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  35.  Any  soldier  who  fails  to  retire  to  his  quarters  or  tent  at  the  beating  of 
retreat  shall  be  punished  according  to  the  nature  of  his  offense. 

Art.  36.  No  soldier  belonging  to  any  regiment,  troop,  battery,  or  company  shall 
hire  another  to  do  his  duty  for  him,  or  be  excused  from  duty,  except  in  cases  of  sick- 
ness, disability,  or  leave  of  absence.  Every  such  soldier  found  guilty  of  hiring  his 
duty,  and  the  person  so  hired  to  do  another's  dut>,  shall  be  punished  as  a  court- 
martial  may  direct. 

Art.  37.  Every  noncommissioned  officer  who  connives  at  such  hiring  of  duty  shall 
be  reduced.  Every  officer  who  knows  and  allows  such  practices  shall  be  punished 
as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  38.  Any  officer  who  is  found  drunk  on  his  guard,  party,  or  other  duty  shall 
be  dismissed  from  the  service.  Any  soldier  who  so  offends  shall  suffer  such  punish_ 
ment  as  a  court-martial  may  direct.  No  court-martial  shall  sentence  any  soldier 
to  be  branded,  marked,  or  tattooed. 

Art.  39.  Any  sentinel  who  is  found  sleeping  upon  his  post,  or  who  leaves  it  before 
he  is  regularly  relieved,  shall  suffer  death,  or  such  other  punishment  as  a  court-martial 
may  direct. 

Art.  40.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who  quits  his  guard,  platoon,  or  division  without 
leave  from  his  superior  officer,  except  in  a  case  of  urgent  necessity,  shall  be  punished 
as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  41.  Any  officer  who,  by  any  means  whatsoever,  occasions  false  alarms  in  camp, 
garrison,  or  quarters  shall  suffer  death,  or  such  other  punishment  as  a  court-martial 
may  direct. 

Art.  42.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who  misbehaves  himself  before  the  enemy,  runs 
away,  or  shamefully  abandons  any  fort,  post,  or  guard,  which  he  is  commanded  to 


ARTICLES    OF    WAK.  245 

defend,  or  speaks  words  inducing  others  to  do  the  Hke,  or  casts  away  his  arms  or 
ammunition,  or  quits  his  post  or  colors  to  plunder  or  pillage,  shall  suffer  death,  or  such 
other  punishment  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  43.  If  any  commander  of  any  garrison,  fortress,  or  post  is  compelled,  by  the 
officers  and  soldiers  under  his  command,  to  give  up  to  the  enemy  or  to  abandon  it, 
the  officers  or  soldiers  so  offending  shall  suffer  death,  or  such  other  punishment  afl^  a 
court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  44.  Any  person  belonging  to  the  armies  of  the  United  States  who  makes  known 
the  watchword  to  any  person  not  entitled  to  receive  it,  according  to  the  rules  and 
discipline  of  war,  or  presumes  to  give  a  parole  or  watchword  different  from  that  which 
he  received,  shall  suffer  death,  or  such  other  punishment  as  a  court-martial  may 
direct. 

Art.  45.  Whosoever  relieves  the  enemy  with  money,  victuals,  or  ammunitions,  or 
knowingly  harbors  or  protects  an  enemy,  shall  suffer  death,  or  such  other  punish- 
ment as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  46.  Whosoever  holds  correspondence  with,  or  gives  intelligence  to,  the  enemy, 
either  directly  or  indirectly,  shall  suffer  death,  or  such  other  punishment  as  a  court- 
martial  may  direct. 

Art.  47.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who,  having  received  pay,  or  having  been  duly 
enlisted  in  the  service  of  the  Unite<l  States,  deserts  the  same,  shall,  in  time  of  war, 
suffer  death,  or  such  other  punishment  as  a  court-martial  may  direct;  and  in  time  of 
peace,  any  punishment,  excepting  death,  which  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  48.  Every  soldier  who  deserts  the  service  of  the  United  States  shall  be  liable 
to  serve  for  such  period  as  shall,  with  the  time  he  may  have  served  previous  to  his 
desertion,  amount  to  tlie  full  term  of  his  enlistment;  and  such  soldier  shall  be  tried 
by  a  court-martial  and  punished,  although  the  term  of  his  enlistment  may  have 
elapsed  previous  to  his  being  apprehended  and  tried. 

Art.  49.  Any  officer  who,  having  tendered  his  resignation,  quits  his  post  or  proper 
duties,  without  leave,  and  with  intent  to  remain  permanently  absent  therefrom,  prior 
to  due  notice  of  the  acceptance  of  the  same,  shall  be  deemed  and  punished  as  a 
deserter. 

Art.  50.  No  noncommissioned  officer  or  soldier  shall  enlist  himself  in  any  other 
regiment,  troop,  or  company,  without  a  regular  discharge  from  the  regiment,  troop,  or 
company  in  which  he  last  served,  on  a  penalty  of  being  reputed  a  deserter,  and  suf- 
fering accordingly.  And  in  case  any  officer  shall  knowingly  receive  and  entertain 
such  noncommissioned  officer  or  soldier,  or  shall  not,  after  his  being  discovered  to  be 
a  deserter,  immediately  confine  him  and  give  notice  thereof  to  the  corps  in  which  he 
last  served,  the  said  officer  shall,  by  court-martial,  be  cashiered. 

Art.  51.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who  advises  or  persuades  any  other  officer  or  soldier 
to  desert  the  service  of  the  United  States,  shall,  in  time  of  war,  suffer  death  or  such 
other  punishment  as  a  court-martial  may  direct;  and  in  time  of  peace,  any  punish- 
ment, excepting  death,  which  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  52.  It  is  earnestly  recommended  to  all  officers  and  soldiers  diligently  to 
attend  divine  service.  Any  officer  who  behaves  indecently  or  irreverently  at  any 
place  of  divine  worship  shall  be  brought  before  a  general  court-martial,  there  to  be 
publicly  and  severely  reprimanded  by  the  president  thereof.  Any  soldier  who  so 
offends  shall,  for  his  first  offense,  forfeit  one-sixth  of  a  dollar;  for  each  further  offense 
he  shall  forfeit  a  like  sum,  and  shall  be  confined  twenty-four  hours.  The  money  so 
forfeited  shall  be  deducted  from  his  next  pay,  and  shall  be  applied,  by  the  captain 
or  senior  officer  of  his  troop,  battery,  or  company,  to  the  use  of  the  sick  soldiers  of 
the  same. 


246  ARTICLES    OF    WAR. 

Art.  53.  Any  officer  who  uses  any  profane  oath  or  execration  shall,  for  each  offense, 
forfeit  and  pay  one  dollar.  Any  soldier  who  so  offends  shall  incur  the  penalties  pro- 
vided in  the  preceding  article;  and  all  moneys  forfeited  for  such  offenses  shall  be 
applied  as  therein  provided. 

Art.  54.  Every  officer  commanding  in  quarters,  garrison,  or  on  the  march,  shall 
keep  good  order,  and,  to  the  utmest  of  his  power,  redress  all  abuses  or  disorders 
which  may  be  committed  by  any  officer  or  soldier  under  his  command;  and  if,  upon 
complaint  made  to  him  of  officers  or  soldiers  beating  or  otherwise  ill-treating  any  per- 
son, disturbing  fairs  or  markets,  or  committing  any  kind  of  riot,  to  the  disquieting  of 
the  citizens  of  the  United  States,  he  refuses  or  omits  to  see  justice  done  to  the 
offender,  and  reparation  made  to  the  party  injured,  so  far  as  part  of  the  offender's 
pay  shall  go  toward  such  reparation,  he  shall  be  dismissed  from  the  service,  or  other- 
wise punished  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  55.  All  officers  and  soldiers  are  to  behave  themselves  orderly  in  quarters  and 
on  the  march;  and  whoever  commits  any  waste  or  spoil,  either  in  walks  or  trees, 
parks,  warrens,  fish  ponds,  houses,  gardens,  grain  fields,  inclosures,  or  meadows,  or 
maliciously  destroys  any  property  whatsoever  belonging  to  inhabitants  of  the  United 
States  (unless  by  order  of  a  general  officer  commanding  a  separate  army  in  the  field) 
shall,  besides  such  penalties  as  he  may  be  liable  to  by  law,  be  punished  as  a  court- 
martial  may  direct. 

Art.  56.  Any  officer  or  soldier  who  does  violence  to  any  person  bringing  provi- 
sions or  other  necessaries  to  the  camp,  garrison,  or  quarters  of  the  forces  of  the 
United  States  in  foreign  parts,  shall  suffer  death,  or  such  other  punishment  as  a 
court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  57.  Whosoever,  belonging  to  the  armies  of  the  United»States  in  foreign  parts, 
or  at  any  place  within  the  United  States  or  their  Territories  during  rebellion  against 
the  supreme  authority  of  the  United  States,  forces  a  safeguard,  shall  suffer  death. 

Art.  58.  In  time  of  war,  insurrection,  or  rebellion,  larceny,  robbery,  burglary, 
arson,  mayhem,  manslaughter,  murder,  assault  and  battery  with  an  intent  to  kill, 
wounding,  by  shooting  or  stabbing,  with  an  intent  to  commit  murder,  rape,  or 
assault  and  battery  with  an  intent  to  commit  rape,  shall  be  punishable  by  the  sen- 
tence of  a  general  court-martial,  when  committed  by  persons  in  the  miUtary  service 
of  the  United  States,  and  the  punishment  in  any  such  case  shall  not  be  less  than  the 
punishment  provided  for  the  like  offense  by  the  laws  of  the  State,  Territory,  or 
district  in  which  such  offense  may  have  been  committed. 

Art.  59.  When  any  officer  or  soldier  is  accused  of  a  capital  crime,  or  of  any  offense 
against  the  person  or  property  of  any  citizen  of  any  of  the  United  States,  which  is 
punishable  by  the  laws  of  the  land,  the  commanding  officer,  and  the  officers  of  the 
regiment,  troop,  battery,  company,  or  detachment,  to  which  the  person  so  accused 
belongs,  are  required,  except  in  time  of  war,  upon  application  duly  made  by  or  in 
behalf  of  the  party  injured,  to  use  their  utmost  endeavors  to  deliver  him  over  to  the 
civil  magistrate,  and  to  aid  the  officers  of  justice  in  apprehending  and  securing  him, 
in  order  to  bring  him  to  trial.  If,  upon  such  application,  any  officer  refuses  or  wil- 
fully neglects,  except  in  time  of  war,  to  deliver  over  such  accused  person  to  the  civil 
magistrates,  or  to  aid  the  officers  of  justice  in  apprehending  him,  he  shall  be  dismissed 
from  the  service. 

Art.  60.  Any  person  in  the  military  service  of  the  United  States  who  makes  or 
causes  to  be  made  any  claim  against  the  United  States,  or  any  officer  thereof,  knowing 
such  claim  to  be  false  or  fraudulent;  or 

Who  presents  or  causes  to  be  presented  to  any  person  in  the  civil  or  military  service 
thereof,  for  approval  or  payment,  any  claim  against  the  United  States  or  any  officer 
thereof,  knowing  such  claim  to  be  false  or  fraudulent;  or 


ARTICLES    OF    WAR.  247 

Who  enters  into  any  agreement  or  conspiracy  to  defraud  the  United  States  by 
obtaining,  or  aiding  others  to  obtain,  the  allowance  or  payment  of  any  false  or 
fraudulent  claim ;  or 

Who,  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining,  or  aiding  others  to  obtain,  the  approval,  allow- 
ance, or  payment  of  any  claim  against  the  United  States  or  against  any  officer  thereof, 
makes  or  uses,  or  procures  or  advises  the  making  or  use  of,  any  writing,  or  other 
paper,  knowing  the  same  to  contain  any  false  or  fraudulent  statement;  or 

Who,  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining,  or  aiding  others  to  obtain,  the  approval,  allow- 
ance, or  payment  of  any  claim  against  the  United  States  or  any  officer  thereof,  makes, 
or  procures  or  advises  the  making  of,  any  oath  to  any  fact  or  to  any  writing  or  other 
paper,  knowing  such  oath  to  be  false;  or 

Who,  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining,  or  aiding  others  to  obtain,  the  approval,  allow- 
ance, or  payment  of  any  claim  against  the  United  States  or  any  officer  thereof,  forges 
or  counterfeits,  or  procures  or  advises  the  forging  or  counterfeiting  of,  any  signature 
upon  any  writing  or  other  paper,  or  uses,  or  procures  or  advises  the  use  of,  any  such 
signature,  knowing  the  same  to  be  forged  or  counterfeited;  or 

Who,  having  charge,  possession,  custody,  or  control  of  any  money  or  other  prop- 
erty of  the  United  States,  furnished  or  intended  for  the  military  service  thereof, 
knowingly  delivers,  or  causes  to  be  delivered,  to  any  person  having  authority  to 
receive  the  same,  any  amount  thereof  less  than  that  for  which  he  receives  a  certifi- 
cate or  receipt;  or 

Who,  being  authorized  to  make  or  deliver  any  paper  certifying  the  receipt  of  any 
property  of  the  United  States,  furnished  or  intended  for  the  military  service  thereof, 
makes  or  delivers  to  any  person,  such  writing,  without  having  full  knowledge  of  the 
truth  of  the  statements  therein  contained,  and  with  intent  to  defraud  the  United 
States;  or 

Who  steals,  embezzles,  knowingly  and  wilfully  misappropriates,  applies  to  his 
own  use  or  benefit,  or  wrongfully  or  knowingly  sells  or  disposes  of  any  ordnance, 
arms,  equipments,  ammunition,  clothing,  subsistence  stores,  money,  or  other 
property  of  the  United  States,  furnished  or  intended  for  the  military  service 
thereof;  or 

Who  knowingly  purchases,  or  receives  in  pledge  for  any  obligation  or  indebtedness* 
from  any  soldier,  officer,  or  other  person  who  is  a  part  of  or  employed  in  said  forces 
or  service,  any  ordnance,  arms,  equipments,  ammunition,  clothing,  subsistence 
stores,  or  other  property  of  the  United  States,  such  soldier,  officer,  or  other  person 
not  having  lawful  right  to  sell  or  pledge  the  same, 

Shall,  on  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  by  fine  or  imprisonment  or  by  such 
other  punishment  as  a  court-martial  may  adjudge,  or  by  any  or  all  of  said  penalties. , 
And  if  any  person,  being  guilty  of  any  of  the  offenses  aforesaid,  while  in  the  military 
service  of  the  United  States,  receives  his  discharge,  or  is  dismissed  from  the  service, 
he  shall  continue  to  be  liable  to  be  arrested  and  held  for  trial  and  sentence  by 
a  court-martial,  in  the  same  manner  and  to  the  same  extent  as  if  he  had  not 
received  such  discharge  nor  been  dismissed.     [Act  of  March  2,  1901.] 

Akt.  61.  Any  officer  who  is  convicted  of  conduct  unbecoming  an  officer  and  a  gentle- 
man shall  be  dismissed  from  the  service. 

Art.  62.  All  crimes  not  capital,  and  all  disorders  and  neglects,  which  officers  and 
soldiers  may  be  guilty  of,  to  the  prejudice  of  good  order  and  military  discipline, 
though  not  mentioned  in  the  foregoing  articles  of  war,  are  to  be  taken  cognizance 
of  by  a  general,  or  a  regimental,  garrison,  or  field  officers'  court-martial,  according 
to  the  nature  and  degree  of  the  offense,  and  punished  at  the  discretion  of  such 
court.  ^ 

iSec.  3.  That  fraudulent  enlistment,  ond  the  receipt  of  any  pay  or  allowance  thereunder,  is  hereby 
declared  a  military  offense,  and  made  punishable  by  court-martial,  under  the  sixty-second  article  of 
war.— [Act  approved  July  27,  1892.] 


248  ARTICLES    OF    WAR. 

Art.  63.  All  retainers  to  the  camp,  and  all  persons  serving  with  the  armies  of  the 
United  States  in  the  field,  though  not  enlisted  soldiers,  are  to  be  subject  to  orders, 
according  to  the  rules  and  discipline  of  war. 

Art.  64.  The  officers  and  soldiers  of  any  troops,  whether  militia  or  others,  mustered 
and  in  pay  of  the  United  States,  shall,  at  all  times  and  in  all  places,  be  governed  by 
the  articles  of  war,  and  shall  be  subject  to  be  tried  by  courts-martial. 

Art.  65.  Officers  charged  with  crime  shall  be  arrested  and  confined  in  their  bar- 
racks, quarters,  or  tents,  and  deprived  of  their  swords  by  the  commanding  officer. 
And  any  officer  who  leaves  his  confinement  before  he  is  set  at  liberty  by  his  com- 
manding officer  shall  be  dismissed  from  the  service. 

Art.  66.  Soldiers  charged  with  crimes  shall  be  confined  until  tried  by  court-martial, 
or  released  by  proper  authority. 

Art.  67.  No  provost-marshal,  or  officer  commanding  a  guard,  shall  refuse  to 
receive  or  keep  any  prisoner  committed  to  his  charge  by  an  officer  belonging  to  the 
forces  of  the  United  States;  provided  the  officer  committing  shall,  at  the  same  time, 
deliver  an  account  in  writing,  signed  by  himself,  of  the  crime  charged  against  the 
prisoner. 

Art.  68.  Every  officer  to  whose  charge  a  prisoner  is  committed  shall,  within  twenty- 
four  hours  after  such  commitment,  or  as  soon  as  he  is  relieved  from  his  guard,  report 
in  writing,  to  the  commanding  officer,  the  name  of  such  prisoner,  the  crime  charged 
against  him,  and  the  name  of  the  officer  committing  him;  and,  .if  he  fails  to  make 
such  report,  he  shall  be  punished  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  69.  Any  officer  who  presumes,  without  proper  authority,  to  release  any  pris- 
oner committed  to  his  charge,  or  suffers  any  prisoner  so  committed  to  escape,  shall 
be  punished  as  a  court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  70.  No  officer  or  soldier  put  in  arrest  shall  be  continued  in  confinement  more 
than  eight  days,  or  until  such  time  as  a  court-martial  can  be  assembled. 

Art.  71.  When  an  officer  is  put  in  arrest  for  the  purpose  of  trial,  except  at  remote 
military  posts  or  stations,  the  officer  by  whose  order  he  is  arrested  shall  see  that  a 
copy  of  the  charges  on  which  he  is  to  be  tried  is  served  upon  him  within  eight  days 
after  his  arrest,  and  that  he  is  brought  to  trial  within  ten  days  thereafter,  unless  the 
necessities  of  the  service  prevent  such  trial;  and  then  he  shall  be  brought  to  trial 
within  thirty  days  after  the  expiration  of  said  ten  days.  If  a  copy  of  the  charges  be 
not  served,  or  the  arrested  officer  be  not  brought  to  trial,  as  herein  required,  the 
arrest  shall  cease.  But  officers  released  from  arrest,  under  the  provisions  of  this 
article,  may  be  tried,  whenever  the  exigencies  of  the  service  sball  permit,  within 
twelve  months  after  such  release  from  arrest. 

Art.  72.  Any  general  officer  commanding  an  army,  a  territorial  division  or  a 
department,  or  colonel  commanding  a  separate  department  may  appoint  general 
courts-martial  whenever  necessary.  But  when  any  such  commander  is  the  accuser 
or  prosecutor  of  any  officer  under  his  command  the  court  shall  be  appointed  by  the 
President;  and  its  proceedings  and  sentence  shall  be  sent  directly  to  the  Secretary  of 
War,  by  whom  they  shall  be  laid  before  the  President,  for  his  approval  or  orders  in 
the  case.     [Act  of  July  5,  1884.] 

Art.  73.  In  time  of  war  the  commander  of  a  division,  or  of  a  separate  brigade  of 
troops,  shall  be  competent  to  appoint  a  general  court-martial.  But  when  such  com- 
mander is  the.  accuser  or  prosecutor  of  any  person  under  his  command,  the  court 
shall  be  appointed  by  the  next  higher  commander. 

Art.  74.  Officers  who  may  appoint  a  court-martial  shall  be  competent  to  appoint 
a  judge-advocate  for  the  same. 

Art.  75.  General  courts-martial  may  consist  of  any  number  of  officers  from  five  to 
thirteen,  inclusive;  but  they  shall  not  consist  of  less  than  thirteen  when  that  num- 
ber can  be  convened  without  manifest  injury  to  the  service 


ARTICLES    OF    WAR.  249 

Art.  76.  When  the  requisite  number  of  officers  to  form  a  general  court-martial  is* 
not  present  in  any  post  or  detachment,  the  commanding  officer  shall,  in  cases  which 
require  the  cognizance  of  such  a  court,  report  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the 
department,  who  shall  thereupon  order  a  court  to  be  assembled  at  the  nearest  post 
or  department  at  which  there  may  be  such  a  requisite  number  of  officers,  and  shall 
order  the  party  accused,  w  ith  the  necessary  witnesses,  to  be  transported  to  the  place 
where  the  said  court  shall  be  assembled. 

Art.  77.  Officers  of  the  Regular  Army  shall  not  be  competent  to  sit  on  court-- 
martial to  try  the  officers  or  soldiers  of  other  forces,  except  as  provided  in  Article  78. 

Art.  78.  Officers  of  the  Marine  Corps,  detached  for  service  with  the  Army  by 
order  of  the  President,  may  be  associated  with  officers  of  the  Regular  Army  on 
courts-martial  for  the  trial  of  offenders  belonging  to  the  Regular  Army,  or  to  forces 
of  the  Marine  Corps  so  detached;  and  in  such  cases  the  orders  of  the  senior  officer  of 
either  corps  who  may  be  present  and  duly  authorized  shall  be  obeyed. 

Art.  79.  Officers  shall  be  tried  only  by  general  courts-martial;  and  no  officer  shall, 
when  it  can  be  avoided,  be  tried  by  officers  inferior  to  him  in  rank. 

Art.  80.^  The  commanding  officer  of  each  garrison,  fort,  or  other  place,  regiment 
or  corps,  detached  battalion  or  company,  or  other  detachment  in  the  Army,  shall 
have  power  to  appoint  for  such  place  or  command,  or  in  his  discretion  for  each  bat- 
talion thereof,  a  summary  court  to  consist  of  one  officer  to  be  designated  by  him,  before 
whom  enlisted  men  who  are  to  be  tried  for  offenses,  such  as  were  prior  to  the  pas- 
sage of  the  act  "to  promote  the  administration  of  justice  in  the  Army,"  approved 
October  first,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety,  cognizable  by  garrison  or  regimental 
courts-martial,  and  offenses  cognizable  by  field  officers  detailed  to  try  offenders 
under  the  provisions  of  the  eightieth  and  one  hundred  and  tenth  articles  of  war, 
shall  be  brought  to  trial  within  twenty-four  hours  of  the  time  of  the  arrest,  or  as 
soon  thereafter  as  practicable,  except  when  the  accused  is  to  be  tried  by  general 
court-martial ;  but  such  summary  court  may  be  appointed  and  the  officer  designated 
by  superior  authority  when  by  him  deemed  desirable;  and  the  officer  holding  the 
summary  court  shall  have  power  to  administer  oaths  and  to  hear  and  determine 
such  cases,  and  when  satisfied  of  the  guilt  of  the  accused  adjudge  the  punishment  to 
be  inflicted,  which  said  punishment  shall  not  exceed  confinement  at  hard  labor  for 
one  month  and  forfeiture  of  one  month's  pay,  and,  in  the  case  of  a  noncommissioned 
officer,  reduction  to  the  ranks  in  addition  thereto;  that  there  shall  be  a  summary 
court  record  kept  at  each  military  post  and  in  the  field  at  the  headquarters  of  the 
proper  command,  in  which  shall  be  entered  a  record  of  all  cases  heard  and  deter- 
mined and  the  action  had  thereon;  and  no  sentence  adjudged  by  said  summary 
court  shall  be  executed  until  it  shall  have  been  approved  by  the  officer  appointing 
the  court,  or  by  the  officer  commanding  for  the  time  being:  Provided,  That  when 
but  one  commissioned  officer  is  present  with  a  command  he  shall  hear  and  finally 
determine  such  cases:  And  provided  further,  That  no  one  while  holding  the  privi- 
leges of  a  certificate  of  eligibility  to  promotion  shall  be  brought  before  a  summary 
court,  and  that  noncommissioned  officers  shall  not,  if  they  object  thereto,  be  brought 
to  trial  before  summary  courts  without  the  authority  of  the  officer  competent  to 
order  their  trial  by  general  court-martial,  but  shall  in  such  case  be  brought  to  trial 
before  garrison,  regimental,  or  general  courts-martial,  as  the  case  may  be.  [Act  of 
June  18,  1898,  30  Stat,  at  Large,  483.] 

Art.  81.  Every  officer  commanding  a  regiment  or  corps  shall,  subject  to  the  pro- 
visions of  Article  80,  be  competent  to  appoint,  for  his  own  regiment  or  corps,  courts- 
martial,  consisting  of  three  officers,  to  try  offenses  not  capital. 

Art.  82.  Every  officer  commanding  a  garrison,  fort,  or  other  place  where  the 
troops  consist  of  different  corps,  shall,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  Article  80,  be  com- 

1  Article  80  was  repealed  by  the  act  of  June  18, 1898  (30  Stat,  at  Large,  483). 


250  ARTICLES    OF   WAE. 

petent  to  appoint,  for  such  garrison  or  other  place,  courts- martial,  consisting  of  three 
officers,  to  try  offenses  not  capital. 

Art.  83.  Regimental  and  garrison  courts-martial  and  summary  courts  detailed 
under  existing  laws  to  try  enlisted  men  shall  not  have  power  to  try  capital  cases  or 
commissioned  officers,  but  shall  have  power  to  award  punishment  not  to  exceed  con- 
finement at  hard  labor  for  three  months,  or  forfeiture  of  three  months'  pay,  or  both; 
and  in  addition  thereto,  in  the  case  of  noncommissioned  offi(;ers,  reduction  to  the 
ranks,  and  in  the  case  of  first-class  privates  reduction  to  second-class  privates:  Pro- 
vided, That  a  summary  court  shall  not  adjudge  confinement  and  forfeiture  in  excess 
of  a  period  of  one  month,  unless  the  accused  shall  before  trial  consent  in  writing  to 
trial  by  said  court;  but  in  any  case  of  refusal  to  so  consent  the  trial  may  be  had 
either  by  general,  regimental,  or  garrison  court-martial,  or  by  said  summary  court; 
but  in  case  of  trial  by  said  summary  court,  without  consent  as  aforesaid,  the  court 
shall  not  adjudge  confinement  or  forfeiture  of  pay  for  more  than  one  month.  [Act 
of  March  2, 1901.] 

Art.  84.  The  judge-advocate  shall  administer  to  each  member  of  the  court,  before 
they  proceed  upon  any  trial,  the  following  oath,  which  shall  also  be  taken  by  all 
members  of  regimental  and  garrison  courts-martial:  "  You,  A  B,  do  swear  that  you 
will  well  and  truly  try  and  determine,  according  to  evidence,  the  matter  now  before 
you,  between  the  United  States  of  America  and  the  prisoner  to  be  tried,  and  that  you 
will  duly  administer  justice,  without  partiality,  favor,  or  affection,  according  to  the 
provisions  of  the  rules  and  articles  for  the  government  of  the  armies  of  the  United 
States,  and  if  any  doubts  should  arise,  not  explained  by  said  articles,  then  according 
to  your  conscience,  the  best  of  your  understanding,  and  the  custom  of  war  in  like 
cases;  and  you  do  further  swear  that  you  will  not  divulge  the  sentence  of  the  court 
until  it  shall  be  published  by  the  proper  authority,  except  to  the  judge-advocate; 
neither  will  you  disclose  or  discover  the  vote  or  opinion  of  any  particular  member  of 
the  court-martial,  unless  required  to  give  evidence  thereof  as  a  witness  by  a  court  of 
justice  in  a  due  course  of  law.  So  help  you  God."  [Act  of  July  27, 1892,  27  Stat.  a£ 
Large,  278.] 

Art.  85.  When  the  oath  has  been  administered  to  the  members  of  a  court-martial 
the  president  of  the  court  shall  administer  to  the  judge-advocate,  or  person  officiat- 
ing as  such,  an  oath  in  the  following  form:  "  You,  A  B,  do  swear  that  you  will  not 
disclose  or  discover  the  vote  or  opinion  of  any  particular  member  of  the  court-martial, 
unless  required  to  give  evidence  thereof  as  a  witness  by  a  court  of  justice  in  due 
course  of  law;  nor  divulge  the  sentence  of  the  court  to  any  but  the  proper  authority 
until  it  shall  be  duly  disclosed  by  the  same.     So  help  you  God." 

Art.  86.  The  court-martial  may  punish,  at  discretion,  any  person  who  uses  any 
menacing  words,  signs,  or  gestures  in  its  presence,  or  who  disturbs  its  proceedings 
by  any  riot  or  disorder. 

Art.  87.  All  members  of  a  court-martial  are  to  behave  with  decency  and  calmness. 

Art.  88.  Members  of  a  court-martial  may  be  challenged  by  a  prisoner,  but  only 
for  cause  stated  to  the  court.  The  court  shall  determine  the  relevancy  and  validity 
thereof,  and  shall  not  receive  a  challenge  to  more  than  one  member  at  a  time. 

Art.  89.  When  a  prisoner,  arraigned  before  a  general  court-martial,  from  obstinacy 
and  deliberate  design,  stands  mute,  or  answers  foreign  to  the  purpose,  the  court  may 
proceed  to  trial  and  judgment  as  if  the  prisoner  had  pleaded  not  guilty. 

Art.  90.  The  judge-advocate,  or  some  person  deputed  by  him  or  by  the  general  or 
officer  commanding  the  Army,  detachment,  or  garrison,  shall  prosecute  in  the  name 
of  the  United  States,  but  when  the  prisoner  has  made  his  plea  he  shall  so  far  con- 
sider himself  counsel  for  the  prisoner  as  to  object  to  any  leading  question  to  any  of 
the  witnesses,  and  to  any  question  to  the  prisoner  the  answer  to  which  might  tend 
to  criminate  himself. 


ARTICLES    OF    WAR.  251 

Art.  91.  The  depositions  of  witnesses  residing  beyond  the  limits  of  the  State,  Ter- 
ritory, or  District  in  which  any  mihtary  court  may  be  ordered  to  sit,  if  taken  on  rea- 
sonable notice  to  the  opposite  party  and  duly  authenticated,  may  be  read  in  evidence 
before  such  court  in  cases  not  capital.^ 

Art.  92.  All  persons  who  give  evidence  before  a  court-martial  shall  be  examined 
on  oath,  or  affirmation,  in  the  following  form:  ''You  swear  (or  affirm)  that  the  evir 
dence  you  shall  give,  in  the  case  now  in  hearing,  shall  be  the  truth,  the  whole  truth, 
and  nothing  but  the  truth.     So  help  you  God." 

Art.  93.  A  court-martial  shall,  for  reasonable  cause,  grant  a  continuance  to.  either 
party,  for  such  time  and  as  often  as  may  appear  to  be  just:  Fromded,  That  if  the 
prisoner  be  in  close  confinement  the  trial  shall  not  be  delayed  for  a  period  longer 
than  sixty  days. 

A^T.  95.^  Members  of  a  court-martial,  in  giving  their  votes,  shall  begin  with  the 
youngest  in  commission. 

Art.  96.  No  persoQ  shall  be  sentenced  to  suffer  death,  except  by  the  concurrence 
of  two-thirds  of  the  members  of  a  general  court-martial,  and  in  the  cases  herein 
expressly  mentioned. 

Art.  97.  No  person  in  the  military  service  shall,  under  the  sentence  of  a  court- 
martial,  be  punished  by  confinement  in  a  penitentiary,  unless  the  offense  of  which 
he  may  be  convicted  would,  by  some  statute  of  the  United  States,  or  by  some  statute 
of  the  State,  Territory,  or  District  in  which  such  offense  may  be  committed,  or  by 
the  common  law,  as  the  same  exists  in  such  State,  Territory,  or  District,  subject  such 
convict  to  such  punishment. 

Art.  98.  No  person  in  the  military  service  shall  be  punished  by  flogging,  or  by 
branding,  marking,  or  tattooing  on  the  body. 

Art.  99.  No  officer  shall  be. discharged  or  dismissed  from  the  service,  except  by 
order  of  the  President,  or  by  sentence  of  a  general  court-martial;  and  in  time  of 
peace  no  officer  shall  be  dismissed,  except  in  pursuance  of  the  sentence  of  a  court- 
martial,  or  in  mitigation  thereof. 

Art.  100.  When  an  officer  is  dismissed  from  the  service  for  cowardice  or  fraud, 
the  sentence  shall  further  direct  that  the  crime,  punishment,  name,  and  place  of 
abode  of  the  delinquent  shall  be  published  in  the  newspapers  in  and  about  the  camp, 
and  in  the  State  from  which  the  offender  came,  or  where  he  usually  resides;  and 
after  such  publication  it  shall  be  scandalous  for  an  officer  to  associate  with  him. 

Art.  101.  When  a  court-martial  suspends  an  officer  from  command,  it  may  also 
suspend  his  pay  and  emoluments  for  the  same  time,  according  to  the  nature  of  his 
offense. 

Art.  102.  No  person  shall  be  tried  a  second  time  for  the  same  offense. 

Art.  103.  No  person  shall  be  liable  to  be  tried  and  punished  by  a  general  court- 
martial  for  any  offense  which  appears  to  have  been  committed  more  than  two  years 
before  the  issuing  of  the  order  for  such  trial,  unless,  by  reason  of  having  absented 
himself  or  of  some  other  manifest  impediment,  he  shall  not  have  been  amenable  to 
"justice  within  that  period. 

No  person  shall  be  tried  or  punished  by  a  court-martial  for  desertion  in  time  of 
peace  and  not  in  the  face  of  an  enemy  committed  more  than  two  years  before  the 
arraignment  of  such  person  for  such  offense,  unless  he  shall  meanwhile  have 
absented  himself  from  the  United  States,  in  which  case  the  time  of  his  absence  shall 
be  excluded  in  computing  the  period  of  the  limitation:  Provided,  That  said  Umita- 
tion  shall  not  begin  until  the  end  of  the  term  for  which  said  person  was  mustered 
into^  the  service.     [Act  of  April  11,  1890.     26  Stat,  at  Large,  54.] 

1  Sec.  4.  That  judge-advocates  of  departments  and  of  courts-martial,  and  the  trial  officers  of  sum- 
mary courts,  are  hereby  authorized  to  administer  oaths  for  the  purposes  of  the  administration  of  mili^ 
tary  justice,  and  for  other  purposes  of  military  administration.    (Act  of  July  27, 1892.] 

2  Axticle  94  was  repealed  by  the  act  of  March  2, 1901. 


252  ARTICLES    OF    WAR. 

Art.  104.  No  sentence  of  a  court-martial  shall  be  carried  into  execution  until  the 
same  shall  have  been  approved  by  the  officer  ordering  the  court,  or  by  the  officer 
commanding  for  the  time  being.     [Act  of  July  27,  1892.     27  Stat,  at  Large,  278.] 

Art.  105.  No  sentence  of  a  court-martial  inflicting  the  punishment  of  death  shall 
be  carried  into  execution  until  it  shall  have  been  confirmed  by  the  President,  except 
in  the  cases  of  persons  convicted,  in  time  of  war,  as  spies,  mutineers,  deserters,  or 
murderers,  and  in  the  cases  of  guerrilla  marauders,  convicted,  in  time  of  war,  of  rob- 
bery, burglary,  arson,  rape,  assault  with  intent  to  commit  rape,  or  of  violation  of  the 
laws  and  customs  of  war;  and  in  such  excepted  cases  the  sentence  of  death  may  be 
carried  into  execution  upon  confirmation  by  the  commanding  general  m  the  field,  or 
the  commander  of  the  department^  as  the  case  may  be. 

Art.  106.  In  time  of  peace  no  sentence  of  a  court-martial  directing  the  dismissal 
of  an  officer  shall  be  carried  into  execution  until  it  shall  have  been  confirmed  by 
the  President. 

Art.  107.  No  sentence  of  a  court-martial  appointed  by  the  commander  of  a  divi- 
sion or  of  a  separate  brigade  of  troops  directing  the  dismissal  of  an  officer  shall  be 
carried  into  execution  until  it  shall  have  been  confirmed  by  the  general  commanding 
the  army  in  the  field  to  which  the  division  or  brigade  belongs. 

Art.  108.  No  sentence  of  a  court-martial,  either  in  time  of  peace  or  in  time  of  war, 
respecting  a  general  officer  shall  be  carried  into  execution  until  it  shall  have  been 
confirmed  by  the  President. 

Art.  109.  All  sentences  of  a  court-martial  may  be  confirmed  and  carried  into  exe- 
cution by  the  officer  ordering  the  court,  or  by  the  officer  commanding  for  the  time 
being,  where  confirmation  by  the  President,  or  by  the  commanding  general  in  the 
field,  or  commander  of  the  department,  is  not  required  by  the  articles.^ 

Art.  111.  Any  officer  who  has  authority  to  carry  into  execution  the  sentence  of 
death  or  of  dismissal  of  an  officer  may  suspend  the  same  until  the  pleasure  of  the 
President  shall  be  known;  and,  in  such  case,  he  shall  immediately  transmit  to  the 
President  a  copy  of  the  order  of  suspension,  together  with  a  copy  of  the  proceedings 
of  the  court. 

Art.  112.  Every  officer  who  is  authorized  to  order  a  general  court-martial  shall 
have  power  to  pardon  or  mitigate  any  punishment  adjudged  by  it,  except  the  punish- 
ment of  death  or  of  dismissal  of  an  officer.  Every  officer  commanding  a  regiment 
or  garrison  in  which  a  regimental  or  garrison  court-martial  may  be  held  shall  have 
power  to  pardon  or  mitigate  any  punishment  which  such  court  may  adjudge. 

Art.  113.  Every  judge-advocate,  or  person  acting  as  such,  at  any  general  court- 
martial,  shall,  with  such  expedition  as  the  opportunity  of  time  and  distance  of  place 
may  admit,  forward  the  original  proceedings  and  sentence  of  such  court  to  the  Judge- 
Advocate-General  of  the  Army,  in  whose  office  they  shall  be  carefully  preserved. 

Art.  114.  Every  party  tried  by  a  general  court-martial  shall,  upon  demand  thereof, 
made  by  himself  or  by  any  person  in  his  behalf,  be  entitled  to  a  copy  of  the  proceedings 
and  sentence  of  such  court. 

Art.  115.  A  court  of  inquiry,  to  examine  into  the  nature  of  any  transaction  of,  or 
accusation  or  imputation  against,  any  officer  or  soldier,  may  be  ordered  by  the  Presi- 
dent or  by  any  commanding  officer;  but,  as  courts  of  inquiry  may  be  perverted  to 
dishonorable  purposes,  and  may  be  employed,  in  the  hands  of  weak  and  envious 
commandants,  as  engines  for  the  destruction  of  military  merit,  they  shall  never  be 
ordered  by  any  commanding  officer,  except  upon  a  demand  by  the  officer  or  soldier 
whose  conduct  is  to  be  inquired  of. 

Art.  116.  A  court  of  inquiry  shall  consist  of  one  or  more  officers,  not  exceeding 
three,  and  a  recorder,  to  reduce  the  proceedings  and  evidence  to  writing. 

1  Article  110  wa.s  repealed  by  the  act  of  June  18,  1898  (30  Stat,  at  Large,  483). 


ARTICLES    OF    WAR.  253 

Art.  117.  The  recorder  of  a  court  of  inquiry  shall  administer  to  the  members  the 
following  oath:  "You  shall  well  and  truly  examine  and  inquire,  according  to  the 
evidence,  into  the  matter  now  before  you,  without  partiality,  favor,  affection,  preju- 
dice, or  hope  of  reward:  so  help  you  God."  After  which  the  president  of  the  court 
shall  administer  to  the  recorder  the  following  oath:  "You,  A  B,  do  swear  that  you 
will,  according  to  your  best  abilities,  accurately  and  impartially  record  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  court  and  the  evidence  to  be  given  in  the  case  in  hearing:  so  help  you 
God." 

Art.  118.  A  court  of  inquiry,  and  the  recorder  thereof,  shall  have  the  same  power 
to  summon  and  examine  witnesses  as  is  given  to  courts-martial  and  the  judge-advo- 
cates thereof.  Such  w^itnesses  shall  take  the  same  oath  which  is  taken  by  witnesses 
before  courts-martial,  and  the  party  accused  shall  be  permitted  to  examine  and  cross- 
examine  them,  so  as  fully  to  investigate  the  circumstances  in  question. 

Art.  119.  A  court  of  inquiry  shall  not  give  an  opinion  on  the  merits  of  the  case 
nquired  of  unless  specially  ordered  to  do  so. 

Art.  120.  The  proceedings  of  a  court  of  inquiry  must  be  authenticated  by  the  sig- 
natures of  the  recorder  and  the  president  thereof,  and  delivered  to  the  commanding 
officer. 

Art.  121.  The  proceedings  of  a  court  of  inquiry  may  be  admitted  as  evidence  by  a 
court-martial,  m  cases  not  capital,  nor  extending  to  the  dismissal  of  an  officer:  Pro- 
vided, That  the  circumstances  are  such  that  oral  testimony  can  not  be  obtained. 

Art.  122.  If,  upon  marches,  guards,  or  in  quarters,  different  corps  of  the  Army 
happen  to  join  or  do  duty  together,  the  officer  highest  in  rank  of  the  line  of  the 
Army,  Marine  Corps,  or  militia,  by  commission,  there  on  duty  or  in  quarters,  shall 
command  the  whole,  and  give  orders  for  what  is  needful  to  the  service,  unless  other- 
wise specially  directed  by  the  President,  according  to  the  nature  of  the  case. 

Art.  123.  In  all  matters  relating  to  the  rank,  duties,  and  rights  of  officers,  the  same 
rules  and  regulations  shall  apply  to  officers  of  the  Eegular  Army  and  to  volunteers 
commissioned  in,  or  mustered  into  said  service,  under  the  laws  of  the  United  States, 
for  a  limited  period. 

Art.  124.  Officers  of  the  militia  of  the  several  States,  when  called  into  the  service 
of  the  United  States,  shall  on  all  detachments,  courts-martial,  and  other  duty  wherein 
they  may  be  employed  in  conjunction  with  the  regular  or  volunteer  forces  of  the 
United  States,  take  rank  next  after  all  officers  of  the  like  grade  in  said  regular  or  vol- 
unteer forces,  notwithstanding  the  commissions  of  such  militia  officers  may  be  older 
than  the  commissions  of  the  said  officers  of  the  regular  or  volunteer  forces  of  the 
United  States. 

Art.  125.  In  case  of  the  death  of  any  officer,  the  major  of  his  regiment,  or  the 
officer  doing  the  major's  duty,  or  the  second  officer  in  command  at  any  post  or  garri- 
son, as  the  case  may  be,  shall  immediately  secure  all  his  effects  then  in  camp  or 
quarters,  and  shall  make,  and  transmit  to  the  office  of  the  Department  of  War,  an 
inventory  thereof. 

Art.  126.  In  case  of  the  death  of  any  soldier,  the  commanding  officer  of  his  troop, 
battery,  or  company  shall  immediately  secure  all  his  effects  then  in  camp  or  quar- 
ters, and  shall,  in  the  presence  of  two  other  officers,  make  an  inventory  thereof, 
which  he  shall  transmit  to  the  office  of  the  Department  of  War. 

Art.  127.  Officers  charged  with  the  care  of  the  effects  of  deceased  officers  or  sol- 
diers shall  account  for  and  deliver  the  same,  or  the  proceeds  thereof,  to  the  legal 
representatives  of  such  deceased  officers  or  soldiers.  And  no  officer  so  charged  shall 
be  permitted  to  quit  the  regiment  or  post  until  he  has  deposited  in  the  hands  of  the 
commanding  officer  ail  the  effects  of  such  deceased  officers  or  soldiers  not  so  accounted 
for  and  delivered. 


254    ATTACHMENT REFUSAL  CIVILIAN  WITNESSES  TO  TESTIFY. 

Art,  128.  The  foregoing  articles  shall  be  read  and  published,  once  in  every  six 
months,  to  every  garrison,  regiment,  troop,  or  company  in  the  service  of  the  United 
States,  and  shall  be  duly  observed  and  obeyed  by  all  officers  and  soldiers  in  said 
service. 

Sec.  1343,  Kevised  Statutes.  All  persons  who,  in  time  of  war,  or  of  rebellion 
against  the  supreme  authority  of  the  United  States,  shall  be  found  lurking  or  acting 
as  spies,  in  or  about  any  of  the  fortifications,  posts,  quarters,  or  encampments  of  any 
of  the  armies  of  the  United  States,  or  elsewhere,  shall  be  triable  by  a  general  court- 
martial,  or  by  a  military  commission,  and  shall,  on  conviction  thereof,  suffer  death. 

Writs  of  Attachment. 

Every  judge-advocate  of  a  court-martial  shall  have  power  to  issue  like  process  to 
compel  witnesses  to  appear  and  testify  which  courts  of  criminal  jurisdiction  within 
the  State,  Territory,  or  district  where  such  military  courts  shall  be  ordered  to  sit 
may  lawfully  issue.     Section  1202,  Revised  Statutes. 

Refusal  of  Civilian  Witness  to  Testify. 

Every  person  not  belonging  to  the  Army  of  the  United  States  who,  being  duly 
subpoenaed  to  appear  as  a  witness  before  a  general  court-martial  of  the  Army,  will- 
fully neglects  or  refuses  to  appear,  or  refuses  to  qualify  as  a  witness  to  testify  or  pro- 
duce documentary  evidence  which  such  person  may  have  been  legally  subpoenaed 
to  produce,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  for  which  such  person  shall  be 
punished  on  information  in  the  district  court  of  the  United  States;  and  it  shall  be 
the  duty  of  the  United  States  district  attorney,  on  the  certification  of  the  facts  to 
him  by  the  general  court-martial,  to  file  an  information  against  and  prosecute  the 
person  so  offending,  and  the  punishment  of  such  person,  on  conviction,  shall  be  a 
fine  of  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars  or  imprisonment  not  to  exceed  six  months, 
or  both,  at  the  discretif)n  of  the  court:  Provided,  That  this  shall  not  apply  to  persons 
residing  beyond  the  State,  Territory,  or  district  in  which  such  general  court-martial 
is  held,  and  that  the  fees  of  such  witness,  and  his  mileage  at  the  rates  provided  for 
witnesses  in  the  United  States  district  court  for  said  State,  Territory,  or  district  shall 
be  duly  paid  or  tendered  said  witness,  such  amounts  to  be  paid  by  the  Pay  Depart- 
ment of  the  Army  out  of  the  appropriation  for  the  compensation  of  witnesses:  Pro- 
vided, That  no  witness  shall  be  compelled  to  incriminate  himself  or  to  answer  any 
questions  which  may  tend  to  incriminate  or  degrade  him.  Act  of  March  2.  1901 
(31  Stat,  at  Large). 


^I^PENDIX 


ARMY  REGULATIOlSrS 

EDITION    OF    1901. 

SHOWING  CHANGES  TO  JUNE  30,  1902,  AND  ORDERS  AND 
CIRCULARS  RELATING  THERETO. 

(G.  0.  6i,  of  iQoi,  to  G.  0.  ()i,  of  1903;  Cir.  12,  of  1901,  to  CJr.  25,  of  1902.) 


APPENDIX 


SHOWING  CHANGES  MADE  IN  THE  ARMY  REGULATIONS 

BY  GENERAL  ORDERS  AND  CIRCULARS  FROM  THE 

ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S  OFFICE,  SINCE  THEIR 

PUBLICATION  TO  DECEMBER  31,  1902. 


22778—03 17  257 


APPENDIX. 


SHOWING  CHANGES  MADE  IN  THE  ARMY  REGULATIONS 

BY  GENERAL  ORDERS  AND  CIRCULARS  FROM  THE 

ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S  OFFICE,  SINCE  THEIR 

PUBLICATION  TO  DECEMBER  31,  1902. 


227Y8— 03 17  257 


CHANGES  IN  THE  AEMT   REGULATIONS 
SINCE  PUBLICATION  TO  JUNE  30, 1902. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

9.  The  following  are  the  grades  of  rank  of  officers  and  noncommissioned  officers: 


1.  Lieutenant-general. 

2.  Major-general. 

3.  Brigadier-general. 

4.  Colonel. 

5.  Lieutenant-colonel. 

6.  Major. 

7.  Captain. 

8.  First  lieutenant. 

9.  Second  lieutenant. 

10.  Veterinarian,  cavalry  and  artillery. 

11.  Cadet. 

12.  Sergeant-major,  regimental,  and  ser- 

geant-major, senior  grade.  Artillery 
Corps. 

13.  Quartermaster-sergeant,  regimental. 

14.  Commissary-sergeant,  regimental. 


15.  Ordnance-sergeant,  post  commissary- 

sergeant,  post  quartermaster-ser- 
geant, electrician  sergeant,  hospital 
steward,  first-class  sergeant  Signal 
Corps,  chief  musician,  chief  trum- 
peter, and  principal  musician, 

16.  Squadron     and     battalion    sergeant- 

major  and  color  sergeant,  and  ser- 
geant-major, junior  grade,  Artil- 
lery Corps. 

17.  First  sergeant,  drum  major,  company 

quartermaster-sergeant,  and  bat- 
tery stable  sergeant. 

18.  Sergeant  and  acting  hospital  steward. 

19.  Corporal. 


In  each  grade  date  of  commission,  appointment,  or  warrant  determines  the  order 
of  precedence. 


[G.  O.  39,  Apr.  24,  1902.] 
9.  The  following  are  the  grades  of  rank  of  officers  and  noncommissioned  officers: 


1.  Lieutenant-general. 

2.  Major-general. 

3.  Brigadier-general. 

4.  Colonel. 

5.  Lieutenant-colonel. 

6.  Major. 

7.  Captain. 

8.  First  lieutenant. 

9.  Second  lieutenant. 

10.  Veterinarian,  cavalry  and  artillery. 

11.  Cadet.  ^  '     • 

12.  Sergeant-major,  regimental;  sergeant- 

major,  senior  grade,  artillery. 

13.  Ordnance  sergeant;  post  commissary- 

sergeant;    post  quartermaster-ser- 
geant; electrician  sergeant;  hospi- 


tal steward;  first-class  signal  ser- 
geant. 

14.  Quartermaster-sergeant  and  commis- 

sary-sergeant, regimental;  chief 
musician. 

15.  Sergeant-major,  squadron  and  battal- 

ion; sergeant-major,  junior  grade, 
artillery;  color-sergeant;  chief 
trumpeter,  principal  musician;  bat- 
talion quartermaster-sergeant,  engi- 
neers. 

16.  First  sergeant;  drum  major. 

17.  Sergeant;      quartermaster  -  sergeant, 

company;  stable  sergeant,  battery; 
acting  hospital  steward. 

18.  Corporal. 


In  each  grade  date  of  commission, 
of  precedence. 


appointment,  or  warrant  determines  the  order 


259 


262  APPENDIX. 

applicants  from  the  Army,  except  that  if  he  should  not  successfully  pass  the  final 
examination  he  will  have  the  option  of  being  immediately  honorably  discharged 
from  the  service  or  of  continuing  his  enlistment. 

Electrician  sergeants  now  in  service  shall  be  required  to  take  the  course  of  instruc- 
tion at  the  School  of  Submarine  Defense,  and  if  they  fail  to  pass  the  examination 
shall  be  reexamined  within  six  months,  if  they  so  desire,  and  upon  final  failure  shall 
not  be  eligible  to  reenlistment  in  the  grade  of  electrician  sergeant;  but  if  their  char- 
acter and  previous  service  are  deemed  specially  meritorious  they  may  be  transferred 
to  the  line  or  to  the  corps  from  which  they  were  appointed  or  discharged  the  service, 
as  the  Secretary  of  War  may  direct. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

125.  Transfets  of  enlisted  men  will  be  made  for  cogent  reasons  only.  They  will  be 
effected  as  follows: 

1.  From  one  company  to  another  of  the  same  regiment,  or  from  one  company  or 
battery  to  another  of  the  Artillery  Corps,  not  involving  change  of  station,  by  the 
colonel,  or  by  the  commander  of  the  artillery  district,  as  the  case  may  be.  In  cases 
involving  change,  then  by  the  colonel  of  the  regiment  or  the  commander  of  the  artil- 
lery district,  with  the  consent  of  the  department  commander,  if  change  of  station  is 
within  department  limits. 

2.  From  one  regiment  to  another,  and  between  companies  of  the  same  regiment, 
or  between  companies  or  batteries  of  the  Artillery  Corps,  serving  in  different  military 
departments,  by  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army. 

3.  In  all  other  cases,  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 


[G.  O.  160,  Dec.  11,  1901.] 

125.  Transfers  of  enlisted  men  will  be  made  for  urgent  reasons  only.  They  will  be 
effected  as  follows: 

1.  In  the  same  regiment,  detached  battalion,  or  artillery  district,  not  involving 
change  of  station,  by  its  commander.  In  cases  involving  change,  by  the  next  higher 
commander  having  territorial  jurisdiction;  where  the  transfer  would  carry  the  soldier 
beyond  the  limits  of  such  higher  command,  by  the  Commanding  General  of  the 
Army. 

2.  From  one  arm  of  service  to  another  and  from  one  regiment,  detached  battalion, 
or  artillery  district  to  another,  by  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army. 

3.  From  the  line  of  the  Army  to  the  Hospital  Corps,  as  prescribed  in  the  article 
relating  to  the  Medical  Department.  In  other  cases  of  transfer  between  the  line  of 
the  Army  and  staff  corps,  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 


[G.  O.  119,  Sept.  9, 1901.] 

127.  When  a  soldier  deserts,  a  board  of  survey  will  not  be  called  by  the  post  or 
regimental  commander,  except  in  cases  in  which  it  has  been  made  to  appear  to  the 
proper  commanding  officer  that  articles  of  public  property  have  been  lost  in  conse- 
quence of  desertion,  and  in  such  cases  the  board  will  determine  the  money  value  of 
articles  so  lost.  The  value  of  the  articles  found  to  be  missing  will  be  charged  against 
the  deserter  on  the  next  muster  rolls  of  his  company,  which  will  be  accompanied  by 
a  copy  of  the  board's  report.  The  charge  will  also  be  made  on  the  pay  roll.  A  copy 
of  the  proceedings  will  accompany  the  return  to  which  the  property  pertains. 


APPEtoix.  263 

[G.  O.  26,  Mar.  8,  1901.]     ' 

135.  Ai^t  of  Congress  approved  March  2,  1901:  ''For  the  apprehension,  securing, 
and  delivering  of  deserters,  including  escaped  military  prisoners,  and  the  expenses 
incident  to  their  pursuit,  and  no  greater  sum  than  $50  for  each  deserter  or  escaped 
military  prisoner  shall,  in  the  discretion  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  be  paid  to  any  civil 
officer  or  citizen  for  such  services  and  expenses." 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

139.  A  reward  of  $30  will  be  paid  to  any  civil  officer  or  citizen  for  the  capture  and 
delivery  at  any  military  post  or  station  (or  at  some  convenient  point  as  near  thereto  as 
may  be  agreed  upon )  of  an  escaped  general  prisoner,  and  such  officer  or  citizen  will 
also  be  reimbursed  for  actual  cost  of  tickets  over  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route 
to  and  from  such  post,  station,  or  point,  and  for  the  escaped  general  prisoner  to  such 
post,  station,  or  point,  not  to  exceed  $20.  The  reward  and  actual  cost  of  tickets 
will  be  paid  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  and  will  be  in  full  satisfaction  of  all 
expenses  for  arresting,  keeping,  and  delivering  the  escaped  general  prisoner. 

The  payment  will  be  reported  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  post  or  station 
from  which  the  prisoner  escaped,  and  this  officer  will  inform  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army  of  the  date  of  escape  and  the  date  and  place  of  capture.  {G.  0.  82^ 
A,  a.  0.,  1901.) 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

146.  When  an  enlisted  man  shall  have  served  as  such  for  thirty  years,  either  in 
the  Army  or  the  Marine  Corps  and  the  Army,  he  may  apply  to  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army  for  retirement.  Upon  the  approval  of  the  application  an  order  will  be 
issued  from  the  Adjutant-General's  Office  transferring  him  to  the  retired  list  and 
directing  that  transportation  in  kind  to  his  home  and  commutation  of  subsistence 
during  necessary  travel  be  given  him.  Length  of  war  service  with  the  Army  in  the 
field,  or  with  the  Navy  or  Marine  Corps  in  active  service  (either  as  volunteer  or 
regular)  during  the  war  of  the  rebellion,  and  actual  service  in  Cuba,  Porto  Rico,  and 
the  Pliilippine  Islands,  will  be  doubled  in  computing  the  thirty  years  necessary  to 
entitle  him  to  be  retired.  In  the  computation  of  war  service  and  service  in  Cuba, 
Porto  Rico,  and  the  Philippine  Islands  service  as  an  enlisted  man  only  will  be 
counted. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

149.  The  authorized  pi^y  and  allowances  of  retired  enlisted  men  will  be  paid  them 
monthly  by  the  Pay  Department.  Their  pay  will  be  three-fourths  of  the  monthly 
pay  allowed  them  by  law  in  the  grade  held  when  retired,  including  reenlisted  and 
continuous-service  pay  then  received.  No  deduction  will  be  made  except  the 
monthly  tax  of  12^  cents  for  support  of  the  Soldiers'  Home.  They  are  not  entitled 
to  commutation  for  fuel  or  quarters,  but  will  receive  commutation  for  subsistence 
and  clothing  at  the  rate  of  $9.50  per  mpnth. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

159.  An  enlisted  man,  a  resident  of  the  United  States  serving  in  Hawaii,  Guam, 
the  Philippine  Islands,  or  in  Alaska,  who  is  discharged  the  service  in  those  islands 
or  in  Alaska,  with  a  view  to  his  transfer  to  the  civil  service;  or  on  his  own  appli- 
cation, whether  by  way  of  favor  or  by  purchase;  or  because  of  confinement  by  the 


264  APPENDIX. 

civil  authorities;  or  by  way  of  punishment  for  an  offense  or  for  disability  caused  by 
his  own  misconduct;  or  on  account  of  fraudulent  enlistment,  is,  by  the  operation  of 
section  1290,  Revised  Statutes,  and  the  act  of  March  16,  1896  (29  Stat.  L.,  63), 
prevented  from  being  allowed  the  usual  traveling  allowances  to  the  place  of  his 
enlistment,  enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service,  but  he  will  be  brought 
by  the  Government  to  the  United  States  on  a  transport  free  of  charge:  Provided^ 
That  an  enlisted  man  discharged  because  of  confinement  by  civil  authorities,  or  by 
way  of  punishment  for  an  offense,  or  for  disability  caused  by  his  own  misconduct, 
shall  be  required  to  leave  the  islands  or  Alaska  by  the  first  transport  departing  for 
the  United  States  or  forfeit  the  privilege  of  being  sent  to  the  United  Stjites  at  the 
expense  of  the  Government. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

164.  In  order  that  soldiers  on  their  reenlistment  or  reentry  into  the  service  may  be 
correctly  mustered  for  increase  of  pay  for  former  service  hereafter  upon  the  dis- 
charge of  a  soldier  his  commanding  officer  will  place  on  his  discharge  certificate  above 
the  line  for  ''Previous  service"  the  following  remark: 

"Continuous  service  at  date  of  discharge, years, months, 

days." 

Upon  reenlistment  the  recruiting  officer  will  place  the  same  information  upon  the 
descriptive  and  assignment  card  and  give  the  date  of  last  discharge. 


[G.  O.  28,  Mar.  17,  1902.] 

183.  Enlisted  men  detailed  by  name  on  extra  duty  and  employed  under  competei 
authority  at  constant  labor  for  not  less  than  ten  days  are  entitled  in  time  of  peace  to 
receive  extra-duty  pay  at  the  following  rates:  For  services  as  mechanics,  artisans, 
and  school-teachers,  50  cents  per  day;  as  bakers,  according  to  paragraph  337;  as 
overseers,  clerks,  teamsters,  laborers,  and  for  all  other  extra-duty  services,  35  cents 
per  day.  Enlisted  men  receiving  or  who  are  entitled  to  the  20  per  cent  increased  pay 
for  service  beyond  the  limits  of  the  States  comprising  the  Union  and  Territories  of 
the  United  States  contiguous  thereto  are  not  entitled  to  the  extra-duty  pay. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

214.  The  personal  staff  of  a  department  commander  will  consist  of  the  authorized 
aids.  The  department  staff  will  be  limited  to  the  officers  detailed  by  the  Secretary  of 
War  from  appropriate  staff  departments  or  corps,  or  of  officers  of  the  line  detailed 
by  the  same  authority  to  act  in  their  stead.  Their  official  designations  will  be  as 
follows:  Adjutant-general,  chief  quartermaster,  chief  commissary,  chief  surgeon,  chief 
paymaster,  judge-advocate,  inspector,  and  artillery  inspector,  the  last  appointed  as 
prescribed  in  paragraph  409.  When  necessary,  an  engineer  officer,  an  ordnance 
officer,  and  a  signal  officer,  each  detailed  from  his  corps,  will  be  assigned;  but  when 
any  of  these  officers  are  not  assigned,  or  when  any  department  staff  officer  is  tem- 
porarily absent  or  disabled,  the  duties  of  his  position  will  be  performed  by  other 
members  of  the  department  or  personal  staff.  The  chief  quartermaster  and  chief 
commissary  will  each  have  charge  of  the  depot  of  his  department,  at  the  place  where 
headquarters  are  located,  and  will,  when  practicable,  make  purchases.  The  chief 
surgeon  will,  when  practicable,  perform  the  duty  of  attending  surgeon.  The  chief 
paymaster  will  make  a  proportion  of  the  payments  in  the  command.  The  duties 
prescribed  in  Small  Arms  Firing  Regulations  for  the  inspector  of  small-arms  practice 
will  be  performed  by  an  aid  or  by  the  adjutant-general. 

{See  Cir.  35,  1901.) 


APPENDIX.  265 

[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

268.  The  regimental  noncommissioned  staff  ofhcers  consist  of  the  sergeant  major, 
quajtermaster-sergeant,  commissary-sergeant,  and  two  color-sergeants  and  are 
appointed  by  the  regimental  commander.  The  battalion  noncommissioned  staff 
officers  are  the  battalion  sergeant-majors,  and  will  be  so  designated.  They  are 
appointed  by  the  regimental  commander  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  battalion 
commander.  When  a  battalion  is  detached  and  serving  at  such  a  distance  from 
regimental  headquarters  that  more  than  fifteen  days  are  required  for  exchange  of 
correspondence  by  mail,  the  battalion  noncommissioned  staff  officers  are  appointed 
by  the  battalion  commander,  who  will  immediately  notify  the  regimental  commander. 
Each  noncommissioned  staff  officer  will  be  furnished  wdth  a  warrant,  signed  by  the 
officer  making  the  appointment  and  countersigned  by  the  adjutant.  The  appoint- 
ment takes  effect  on  the  day  upon  which  it  is  made,  and  the  warrant  may  be  con- 
tinued in  force  upon  discharge  and  reenlistment  if  reenlistment  be  made  on  the  day 
following  discharge;  each  reenlistment  and  continuance  may  be  noted  on  the  war- 
rant by  the  adjutant.  Any  noncommissioned  staff  officer  may  be  reduced  to  the 
ranks  by  the  sentence  of  a  court-martial  or  by  order  of  the  commander  having 
authority  to  appoint  such  noncommissioned  officer.  Noncommissioned  staff  officers 
will  preferably  be  selected  from  the  noncommissioned  officers  of  the  regiment  most 
distinguished  for  efficiency,  gallantry,  and  soldierly  bearing. 


[G.  O.  39,  Apr.  24,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  paragraphs  269  and  '  *    *    of  the 
Army  Regulations  are  hereby  revoked. 


[G.  O.  28,  Mar.  17,  1902.] 

309.  Articles  of  public  property  issued  to  a  company  for  its  exclusive  use  will  when 
practicable  be  marked  with  the  letter  or  number  of  the  compaily  and  number  and 
arm  of  the  regiment.  Such  articles  issued  to  an  enlisted  man  (arms  and  clothing 
excepted)  will  as  far  as  practicable  be  marked  with  the  number  of  the  man,  letter 
or  number  of  the  company,  and  number  of  the  regiment.  Haversacks  and  blanket 
bags  will  be  uniformly  marked  on  the  outside,  as  follows:  Cavalry,  crossed  sabers; 
infantry,  crossed  rifles  with  letter  of  company  above  and  number  of  regiment  below 
the  intersection;  artillery,  crossed  cannons  with  the  number  of  the  company  or  bat- 
tery at  the  intersection  of  the  cannons^  the  special  corps  of  the  Army  according  to 
their  respective  devices.  The  design  will  be  stenciled  in  black,  the  device  5  inches 
long,  and  letters  and  numbers  in  full-faced  characters  1  inch  high.  The  design 
will  be  placed  above  the  letters  "U.  S."  on  equipments,  and  the  number  of  the 
soldier,  in  characters  1  inch  high,  will  be  placed  at  the  bottom  near  the  lower  edge 
<  ■  the  blanket  bag.  The  canteen  will  be  marked  in  the  manner  prescribed  for 
haversacks,  except  that  the  marking  will  be  placed  on  the  face  not  occupied  by 
the  "U.S." 


[G.  O.  90,  June  26,  1901.] 

363.  Post  exchanges  are  established  and  maintained  under  special  regulations  pre- 
pared by  the  War  Department.  These  special  regulations  wilhbe  issued  from  time 
to  time  as  necessity  may  demand. 

The  amount  of  indebtedness  of  a  soldier  to  a  post  exchange  contracted  in  accordance  with  such 
regulations  will  bo  noted  on  the  muster  roll  for  the  next  succeeding  month  and  be  deducted,  if  prac- 


266  APPENDIX. 

ticable,  from  his  pay  by  the  paymaster  making  the  payment  and  turned  over  to  the  post-exchange 
officer,  who  will  duly  receipt  to  the  paymaster  and  the  soldier  for  the  amount  so  received.  In  case  of 
discharge  of  a  soldier  the  amount  of  any  such  indebtedness  will  be  noted  on  the  final  statements, 
and  in  like  manner  be  deducted  from  payment  made  thereon. 


•     [G.  O.  149,  Nov.  13,  1901.J 

392.  The  Ordnance  Department  will  furnish  angle-measuring  instruments,  replot- 
ting  boards,  difference  disks,  range  scales,  drawing  instruments,  material,  etc.,  to 
seacoast  defenses. 


LG.  O.  130,  Oct.  3,  1901.] 

555.  Supplies,  stores,  and  property  of  any  kind  procured  out  of  Armj^  appropria- 
tions will  not  be  transferred,  in  any  way  or  under  any  circumstances,  for  the  use  of 
Indians  except  under  authority  first  obtained  from  the  Secretary  of  War.  Any  offi- 
cer violating  the  terms  of  this  regulation  will  be  charged  with  the  money  value  of 
the  supplies,  stores,  or  property  transferred,  and  in  addition  })e  otherwise  held 
accountable  according  to  circumstances. 


[G.  O.  105,  Dec.  30,  1901.] 

640.  A  company  duly  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  United  States,  or  of  any 
State,  and  legally  authorized  to  guarantee  bonds  may  be  accepted  as  surety  under 
the  conditions  prescribed  in  Article  LVII.  Lists  of  such  security  companies  as  have 
conformed  to  the  requirements  of  law  in  respect  to  registration  will  be  published 
from  time  to  time  by  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army.  A  firm  as  such  will  not  be 
accepted  as  surety,  nor  a  partner  for  a  copartner  or  firm  of  which  he  is  a  member. 
Stockholders  who  are  not  officers  of  a  corporation  may  be  accepted  as  sureties  for 
such  corporations. 


[G.  O.  130,  Oct.  3,  1901.] 

664.  Public  moneys  subject  to  disbmsement  coming  into  the  hands  of  an  oflicer 
from  any  source  must  be  promptly  placed  by  him  to  his  credit  with  the  Treasurer  or 
an  assistant  treasurer  of  the  United  States,  or  a  duly  designated  depository,  or  trans- 
ferred to  a  disbursing  officer  of  that  branch  of  the  public  service  to  which  the  money 
pertains;  in  either  of  which  cases  a  receipt  will  be  obtained.  Exceptions  to  this  rule 
are  allowed  only  in  the  cases  and  to  the  extent  authorized  by  paragraph  666,  and 
money  in  hand  maybe  disbursed  at  once  without  being  placed  in  depositories  if  pay- 
ments are  due. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

664.  Public  moneys  subject  to  disbursement  coming  into  the  hands  of  an  officer 
from  any  source  must  be  promptly  placed  by  him  to  his  credit  with  the  Treasurer  or 
an  assistant  treasurer  of  the  United  States,  or  a  duly  designated  depository,  or  trans- 
ferred to  a  disbursing  officer  of  that  branch  of  the  public  service  to  which  the  money 
pertains;  in  either  of  which  cases  a  receipt  will  be  obtained.  Exceptions  to  this  rule 
are  allowed  in  the  cases  and  to  the  extent  authorized  by  paragraphs  665  and  666,  and 


APPENDIX.  267 

in  those  cases  where  officers  have  been  specially  authorized  by  tlui  Secretary  oi  AVar, 
when  stationed  on  the  extreme  frontier  or  at  places  far  remote  from  deoositories,  to 
keep  at  their  own  risk  such  moneys  as  may  be  intrusted  to  them  for  disbursement; 
and  moneys  in  hand  may  be  disbursed  at  once  without  being  placed  in  depositories 
if  i>ayments  are  due. 


[G.  0. 130,  Oct.  3, 1901.] 

666.  Officers  doing  subsistence  duty  at  posts  or  independent  stations  near  which 
no  Treasurer  or  assistant  treasurer  of  the  United  States  is  located  are  authorized  to 
keep  subsistence  funds  in  their  personal  possession,  at  their  own  risk,  in  amounts 
not  to  exceed  $100  for  each  organization  (or  number  of  men,  recruits,  etc.,  equal  to 
an  organization )  at  such  posts  or  stations. 

When  it  may  be  necessary  to  draw  a  check  for  obtaining  subsistence  funds  to  be 
kept  in  personal  possession,  the  disbursing  officer  will  draw  it  in  his  own  favor  and 
enter  under  the  heading  thereon,  ''Object  for  which  drawn"  or  "On  account  of,"  the 
following:  "To  hold  funds  in  personal  possession  under  A.  R.,  666."  Such  checks 
will  not  be  stated  to  be  for  "payments  under  $20." 


[G.  0. 125,  Sept.  21, 1901.] 

681.  When  an  original  check  of  a  disbursing  officer,  not  exceeding  $2,500  in 
amount,  has  been  lost  or  destroyed,  a  duplicate  check  may  be  issued  by  him,  after 
six  months  and  within  three  years  of  the  date  of  the  original,  upon  the  owner  filing 
with  him  the  notice  and  proof  of  loss  and  the  indemnity  bond  required  by  sections 
3646  and  3647,  Revised  Statutes,  and  act  of  February  16,  1885.  In  case  the  disburs- 
ing officer  who  issued  the  original  check  is  no  longer  in  the  service,  the  notice  and 
proof  of  loss  and  the  indemnity  bond  will  be  sent  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
prior  to  the  issue  of  a  duplicate  check.  The  proper  accounting  officer  of  the  Treasury 
will  state  an  account  in  favor  of  the  owner  of  said  check  and  charge  the  amount 
thereof  to  the  account  of  such  officer.  Instructions  for  the  execution  and  use  of  the 
affidavit  and  bond,  and  the  issue  of  the  duplicate  check,  accompany  the  blank  form 
furnished  by  the  Treasury  Department. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

681.  When  an  original  check  of  a  disbursing  officer,  not  exceeding  $2,500  in 
amount,  has  been  lost  or  destroyed,  a  duplicate  check  may  be  issued  by  him,  after 
six  months  and  within  three  years  of  the  date  of  the  original,  upon  the  owner  filing 
W'ith  him  the  notice  and  proof  of  loss  and  the  indemnity  bond  required  by  sections 
3646  and  3647,  Revised  Statutes,  and  act  of  February  16,  1885.  In  case  the  disburs- 
ing officer  who  issued  the  original  check  is  no  longer  in  the  service,  the  notice  and 
proof  of  loss  and  the  indemnity  bond  will  be  sent  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
prior  to  the  issue  of  a  duplicate  check.  The  proper  accounting  officer  of  the  Treas- 
ury will  state  an  account  in  favor  of  the  owner  of  said  check  and  charge  the  amount 
thereof  to  the  account  of  such  officer.  Instructions  for  the  execution  and  use  of  the 
affidavit  and  bond,  and  the  issue  of  the  duplicate  check,  accompany  the  blank  form 
furnisJied  by  the  Treasury  Department. 


268  APPENDIX. 

[G.  O.  28,  Mar.  17,  1902.] 

696.  Moneys  received  for  stores,  materials,  or  supplies  (except  subsistence  stores) 
sold  to  officers  or  enlisted  men,  to  exploring  or  surveying  expeditions  authorized  by 
law,  or  to  a  State  or  Territory  for  the  use  of  its  national  guard  or  militia  (section  3, 
act  of  February  24,  1897)  will  be  deposited  to  the  credit  of  the  Treasurer  of  the 
United  States,  and  respectively  revert  to  the  appropriations  out  of  which  originally 
expended.  Proceeds  of  sales  of  useless  ordnance  material  and  the  cost  of  ordnance 
issued  or  sold  to  the  several  States  are  expended  under  conditions  prescribed  by  law. 
Proceeds  of  sales  of  subsistence  supplies  are  immediately  available  for  the  purchase 
of  fresh  supplies. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

709.  Disbursing  officers  who  render  accounts  which  eventually  pass  to  the  Treas- 
ury Department  for  settlement  are  required  to  prepare  their  accounts,  with  abstracts 
and  vouchers  complete,  and  deposit  them  in  the  post-office,  addressed  to  the  chief 
of  the  bureau  of  the  War  Department  to  which  they  pertain,  on  or  before  the  20th 
day  of  each  month.  Irregularities  in  the  mail  service  or  want  of  blank  forms  will 
not  excuse  a  failure  to  comply  with  this  paragraph.  When  vouchers  are  not  sent 
with  the  account  to  which  they  belong,  but  are  subsequently  rendered,  suitable 
explanation  will  be  made. 


[G.  O.  IGO,  Dec.  11,  1901.] 

709.  Disbursing  officers  who  render  accounts  which  eventually  pass  to  the  Treas- 
ury Department  for  settlement  are  required  to  prepare  their  accounts,  with  abstracts 
and  vouchers  complete,  and  deposit  them  in  the  post-office,  addressed  to  the  chief 
of  the  bureau  of  the  War  Department  to  which  they  pertain,  on  or  before  the  10th 
day  of  each  month.  Irregularities  in  the  mail  service  or  want  of  blank  forms  will 
not  excuse  a  failure  to  comply  with  this  paragraph.  AVhen  vouchers  are  not  sent 
with  the  account  to  which  they  belong,  but  are  subsequently  rendered,  suitable 
explanations  will  be  made. 


[G.  O.  28,  Mar.  17,  1902.] 

715.  Every  voucher  in  support  of  a  payment  for  supplies  or  for  services,  whether 
it  be  made  pursuant  to  a  formally  prepared  contract,  an  accepted  bid,  or  a  purchase 
without  advertising,  will  be  made  out  in  favor  of  the  creditor,  giving  his  address,  and 
must  state  (if  for  supplies  furnished)  the  date  of  the  purchase,  the  quantity  and 
price  of  each  article,  and  the  amount;  or  (if  for  services)  the  character  of  the  serv- 
ices, the  date  or  dates  on  which  rendered,  and  the  amount.  Where  a  purchase  under 
an  accepted  bid  after  public  notice  is  made,  the  voucher,  besides  being  subject  to  the 
foregoing  requirements,  will  be  accompanied  by  a  copy  of  the  public  notice,  the 
accepted  bid,  and  a  copy  of  the  letter  accepting  the  bid,  and  must  contain  a  certifi- 
cate that  the  award  was  made  to  the  lowest  responsible  bidder  for  the  best  and  most 
suitable  articles,  and  that  the  needs  of  the  service  required  the  purchase  to  be  made 
in  the  manner  indicated  by  the  public  notice.  Where  papers  relating  to  two  or 
more  vouchers  are  required  to  accompany  accounts  they  must  be  filed  with  the  first 
voucher  paid  and  reference  thereto  made  on  the  other  vouchers.  A  voucher  for 
services  by  the  day  or  month  must  state  the  nature  of  the  service,  the  inclusive  dates 
of  service,  the  time  for  which  payment  is  made,  the  rate  of  pay,  and  the  amount,  and 


APPENDIX.  ii69 

the  receipt  of  a  creditor  to  a  voiiclier  for  supplies  furnished  or  services  rendered 
must  contain  tiie  words  "which  I  certify  to  be  correct." 

All  vouchers,  when  practica})le,  will  be  rendered  in  the  English  language,  but  if 
rendered  in  a  foreign  language  a  translation  of  the  same  must  accompany  the  voucher. 


[G.  O.  28,  Mar.  17,  1902.1 


729.  When  a  signature  is  not  written  by  the  hand  of  the  party  it  must  be  witnessed 
by  a  disinterested  party,  a  commissioned  officer  when  practicable. 


[G.  O.  28,  Mar.  17,  1902.] 

772.  AVhen  public  pro])erty  has  been  lost  or  stolen  and  the  officer  responsible 
therefor  has  failed  to  get  possession  of  it  by  the  ordinary  means,  the  post  commander 
may  authorize  the  quartermaster  to  offer  a  reward  for  its  recovery,  such  reward  not 
to  exceed  one-fifth  of  the  value  of  the  property  lost  or  stolen,  and  in  no  case  shall  it 
exceed  $50.  If  the  property  has  been  stolen  the  reward  shall  include  such  informa- 
tion as  the  claimant  possesses  in  regard  to  the  larceny  and  recovery  of  the  property 
as  may  lead  to  a  conviction  of  the  guilty  party. 


[G.  O.  130,  Oct.  3,  1901.] 

817.  The  allowances  hereinbefore  provided  for  the  subsistence  of  civilian  employees 
cease  upon  the  arrival  of  the  employees  at  the  destination  mentioned  in  their  orders 
for  travel;  they  must  then  subsist  on  their  rations,  if  entitled  to  them,  or  provide  for 
their  subsistence  out  of  their  regular  pay. 


[G.  O.  28,  Mar.  17,  1902.] 

940.  The  recruiting  officer  will  be  present  at  the  physical  examination  of  the 
recruit  by  the  surgeon.  In  the  absence  of  a  commissioned  medical  officer  or  con- 
tract surgeon  recruiting  officers  will,  whenever  practicable,  employ  a  civilian  physician 
to  make  the  physicial  examination  preceding  enlistment  (see  paragraph  1662) .  A 
recruiting  officer  who  employs  a  civilian  physician  in  the  manner  indicated  (in  the 
absence  of  a  commissioned  medical  officer  or  contract  surgeon)  is  authorized  to  take 
the  physician  with  him  to  examine  recruits  when  ordered  from  place  to  place  to 
make  enlistments,  and  will  call  upon  the  proper  officer  of  the  Quartermaster's 
Department  to  provide  the  necessary  transportation  for  the  civilian  physician.  At 
recruiting  stations  where  a  large  number  of  recruits  are  to  be  examined  application 
will  be  made  to  the  Surgeon-General  for  authority  to  emply  a  physician  by  the 
month  under  contract.  When  a  recruiting  officer  who  has  employed  a  physician  by 
the  month  under  contract  under  proper  authority  is  ordered  from  place  to  place  to 
make  enlistments,  he  will  give  the  physician  proper  written  orders  in  advance  to 
accompany  him  for  the  purpose  of  examining  recruits,  naming  the  places  to  be 
visited,  and  stating  in  the  order  that  the  travel  enjoined  is  necessary  for  the  public 
service.  When  there  is  no  medical  examiner  at  the  station  the  recruiting  officer  will 
make  the  required  examination. 


270  APPENDIX. 


[G.  O.  167,  Dec.  31,  1901.] 


1017.  The  power  to  pardon  or  mitigate  punishment  imposed  l)y  a  court-martial, 
vested  in  the  authority  which  confirms  the  proceedings  or  the  corresponding  authority 
under  whose  jurisdiction  the  sentence  is  being  executed,  extends  only  to  unexecuted 
portions  o^  a  sentence.  The  fact  that  a  soldier  has  been  dishonorably  discharged 
through  his  sentence  does  not  affect  this  power.  -An  application  for  clemency  in 
case  of  a  general  prisoner  sentenced  to  confinement  in  a  penitentiary  will  be  for- 
warded to  the  Secretary  of  War  for  the  action  of  the  President.  The  power  to  com- 
mute sentences  imposed  by  military  tribunals,  not  being  vested  in  military  com- 
manders, can  only  be  exercised  by  the  President. 


[G.  O.  129,  Oct.  2,  1901.] 

1029.  Commanding  officers  will,  before  forwarding  charges,  personally  investigate 
them,  and  by  indorsement  on  the  charges  will  certify  that  they  have  made  such  inves- 
tigation and  whether  in  their  opinion  the  charges  can  be  sustained.  Before  referring 
charges  for  which  the  maximum  limit  of  punishment  that  may  be  awarded  is  greater 
than  one  month's  forfeiture  and  confinement  to  inferior  courts  for  trial,  command- 
ing officers  will  cause  the  accused  to  sign  a  statement  on  the  original  charges  as  to 
whether  or  not  he  consents  to  trial  by  summary  court.  A  note  of  this  statement 
in  each  case  will  also  be  entered  on  the  record  of  the  summary  court  and  on  the 
monthly  report  of  trials  by  such  court. 


[G.  O.  167,  Dec.  31,  1901.] 

1031.  The  charges  preferred  for  offenses  cognizable  by  inferior  courts  will  be  laid 
before  the  proper  commander,  who,  if  he  thinks  that  the  accused  should  be  tried, 
will  cause  him  to  be  brought  before  the  summary  court,  where  he  will  be  arraigned 
and  allowed  to  plead  according  to  prevailing  court-martial  practice.  If  the  accused 
neither  holds  a  certificate  of  eligibility  to  promotion,  nor  (being  a  noncommissioned 
offi(;er)  objects  to  trial  by  summary  court,  nor  pleads  guilty,  witnesses  will  be  sworn 
and  evidence  received,  the  accused  being  permitted  to  testify  in  his  own  behalf  and 
make  a  statement;  but  the  evidence  and  statement  will  not  be  recorded.  The  sum- 
mary court  as  soon  as  trial  is  concluded  will  record  its  findings  and  sentence  in  the 
summary  court  record  and  submit  it  to  the  officer  appointing  the  court,  who  will 
record  therein  his  approval  or  disapproval,  in  part  or  in  whole,  with  date  and  signa- 
ture. Should  the  only  officer  present  with  the  command  sit  as  summary  court,  the 
findings  and  sentence  will  be  recorded  in  like  manner.  No  other  record  of  the  pro- 
ceedings will  be  kept  and  such  trials  will  not  be  published  in  orders.  Post  com- 
manders will  furnish  company  and  other  commanders  with  copies  of  the  summary 
court  record  relating  to  men  of  their  commands,  said  copies  to  be  certified  to  be  true 
copies  by  the  post  commander  or  adjutant. 


[Q.  O.  167,  Dec.  31,  1901.] 

1032.  When  the  only  officer  present  with  a  command  sits  as  summary  court,  no 
approval  of  the  sentence  is  required  by  law,  but  he  should  sign  the  sentence  as  such 
officer  and  date  his  signature. 


APPENDIX. 


271 


[G.  O.  129,  Oct.  2,  1901.] 

1036.  Whenever  under  the  siinnnary  court  act  or  the  eighty-third  article  of  war  it 
lx3conies  necessary  to  convene  a  garrison  or  regimental  court,  the  order  appointing  it 
will  state  the  facts  which  bring  the  cases  to  be  tried  within  the  exceptions  of  those 
laws. 


[G.  O.  28,  Mar.  17, 1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of   War,  paragraph   1095  of    the  Regulations  is 
rescinded. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 


1110.  Clause  13. 


A  regimental,  squadron,  or  battalion  sergeant-major, 
quartermaster-sergeant,  color  sergeant,  sergeant  of  the 
post  noncommissioned  staff,  hospital  steward,  principal 
musician,  signal  sergeant,!  enlisted  men  of  the  Signal 
Corps  when  employed  as  signal  sergeants,  chief  trum- 
peter,! and  chief  musician,  each 


[G.  O.  39.  Apr.  24,  1902. 


1110.  Clause  13. 


A  sergeant  major,  regimental;  sergeant-major,  senior 
grade,  artillery;  ordnance  sergeant;  post  commissary- 
sergeant;  post  quartermaster  sergeant;  electrician  ser- 
geant; hospital  steward;  quartermaster-sergeant  and 
commissary-sergeant,  regimental;  chief  musician;  sig- 
nal sergeant  and  an  enlisted  man  employed  as  signal 
sergeant,  except  when  serving  in  a  detachment 


[G.  O.  39,  Apr.  24,  1902.] 

lllOj.  Whenever  practicable  commanding  officers  may  designate  a  room  as  quar- 
ters for  each  of  the  battalion  noncommissioned  staff  officers,  color  sergeants,  chief 
trumpeters,  and  principal  musicians;  such  as  can  not  be  furnished  separate  quarters 
may  be  grouped  in  squad  rooms  set  apart  for  their  use;  for  the  quarters  so  provided 
the  Quartermaster's  Department  will  furnish  stoves,  fuel,  and  illuminating  supplies  in 
the  number  and  quantity  certified  to  as  necessary  by  the  quartermaster  and  approved 
by  the  commanding  officer. 


[G.O.  39,  Apr.  24, 1902.] 

1114.  Noncommissioned  officers  entitled  to  and  occupying  quarters  may  each  be 
allowed  one  cooking  stove  in  lieu  of  one  heating  stove. 


272  APPENDIX. 

[G.  0.39,  Apr.  24, 1902.] 

1117.  Lamps  having  one  or  two  burners,  with  circular  wicks  of  about  1^  inches 
inside  diameter,  will  be  issued  as  follows:  To  troops  in  barracks  at  the^  rate  of  one 
burner  for  every  ten  men  and  every  fraction  thereof,  when  the  fraction  is  five  or 
more,  of  the  maximum  strength  allowed  the  organization,  and  such  number  of  lamps 
or  lanterns  for  lighting  interior  passageways  as  may  be  necessary,  not  to  exceed 
three  in  each  barrack.  To  companies  messing  separately  three  additional  burners. 
To  each  noncommissioned  staff  officer,  post,  regimental,  squadron,  battalion,  and 
Artillery  Corps;  to  each  hospital  steward,  chief  musician,  first  sergeant,  and  drum 
major;  to  each  signal  sergeant  and  enlisted  man  employed  as  signal  sergeant,  except 
when  serving  in  a  detachment,  a  lamp  with  a  single  burner.  For  hospitals,  such 
number  of  burners,  not  to  exceed  one  for  each  ward  or  room,  as  may  be  deemed 
necessary  by  the  post  surgeon  and  post  commander. 


[G.  O.  39,  Apr.  24,  1902.] 

1130.  Each  noncommissioned  officer  entitled  to  and  occupying  separate  quarters  at 
posts  where  gas  or  electricity  is  installed  will  be  allowed  for  the  period  between 
September  1  and  April  30,  1,500  cubic  feet  of  gas  or  20,000  watts  electric  current  per 
month j  and  from  May  1  to  August  31,  900  cubic  feet  of  gas  or  12,000  watts  electric 
current  per  month.  Gas  or  electricity  in  excess  of  these  allowances  will  be  paid  for 
at  the  end  of  each  month  to  the  quartermaster  by  the  responsible  noncommissioned 
officer. 

At  posts  where  the  electric  current  is  furnished  froin  Government  plant  the  charge 
for  the  excess  will  be  at  the  rate  of  10  cents  per  1,000  watts.  At  posts  where  gas  or 
electric  current  is  obtained  from  local  company  the  charge  for  the  excess  will  be  at 
contract  price. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  IWl.] 

1157.  Forage  is  furnished  only  to  officers  fc^r  the  horses  owned  and  actually  kept 
by  them  in  the  performance  of  their  official  duties  when  serving  with  troops  in  the 
field  or  at  military  posts  and  stations,  and  for  the  following  number:  To  a  lieutenant- 
general,  4;  to  a  major-general  or  a  brigadier-general,  3;  to  a  colonel,  lieutenant- 
colonel,  major,  captain,  or  lieutenant,  mounted,  and  regimental  adjutant,  quarter- 
master, and  commissary,  each  2. 


[Q.  O.  39,  Apr.  24,  1902.] 

1232.  The  following  persons  are  entitled  at  public  expense  to  a  double  berth  in  a 
sleeping  car  or  to  the  customary  stateroom  accommodations  on  steamers  where  extra 
charge  is  made  for  the  same:  Officers  of  the  Army  when  traveling  on  duty  with 
troops;  army  nurses;  civilian  clerks  and  agents  in  the  military  service  when  traveling 
under  orders  on  public  business,  and  also  the  following  when  traveling  under  orders 
without  troops:  Sergeants-major,  regimental,  squadron,  and  battalion;  sergeants-major, 
senior  and  junior  grades,  artillery;   ordnance  sergeants;  commissary-sergeants,  post 


APPENDIX. 


273 


and  regimental;  quartermaster-sergeants,  post,  regimentiil,  and  battalion  of  engineers; 
ele(;trician  sergeants,  hospital  stewards,  color  sergeants,  chief  musicians,  chief  trum- 
peters, principal  musicians,  signal  sergeants,  first  sergeants,  drum  majors;  also  invalid 
soldiers  when  so  traveling  on  the  certificate  of  a  medical  officer  showing  the  necessity 
therefor. 

When  the  number  of  officers  traveling  with  troops  is  too  small  to  justify  the  hire 
])y  the  Quartermaster's  Department  of  a  standard  sleeping  car  for  their  accommo- 
dation, they  shall  be  furnished  with  such  part  of  a  tourist  sleeping  car  or  other  suit- 
ul)le  sleeping  car,  properly  curtained  off  for  their  accommodation,  as  the  Quarter- 
master's Department  may  provide  for  their  use  during  the  journey. 


[G.  O.  121,  Sept.  12, 1901.] 


1242.  The 
personal 


e  to  be  transported  at  public  expense,  including  mess  chests  and 
upon  change  of  station  will  not  exceed  the  following  weights: 


Rank. 


Major-general 

Brigadier-general . 

Field  officer 

Captain 


First  lieutenant 

Contract  surgeon  and  contract  dental  surgeon 

Second  lieutenant  and  veterinarian 

Post  and  regimental  noncommissioned  staff  officer,  hospital  steward,  chief  mu- 
sician, sergeant  of  the  Signal  Corps,  squadron  and  battalion  sergeant-majors, 
each 


In  the 
field. 

Changing 
station. 

Pounds. 

Pounds. 

1,000 

3,500 

700 

2,800 

500 

2,400 

200 

2,000 

150 

1,700 

150 

1,700 

150 

1,500 

500 


For  officers  and  others  in  the  above  list,  when  embarking  under  orders  for  extended 
service  over  the  sea  and  for  duty  in  Alaska,  and  upon  change  of  station  in  Alaska 
and  in  places  beyond  the  limits  of  the  States  composing  the  Union,  as  well  as  upon 
return  to  the  said  States,  the  allowance  of  baggage  to  be  transported  by  the  Quarter- 
master's Department  from  initial  point  to  port  of  embarkation  and  from  port  of 
debarkation  to  garrison  station  will  be  three  times  the  allowance  prescribed  above 
for  change  of  station. 

The  provisions  of  this  paragraph  will  also  extend  to  officers  who  are  ordered  to 
duty  in  Alaska  or  the  island  of  Guam,  and  the  same  transportation  allowance  will 
be  granted  to  officers  on  change  of  station  in  Cuba,  Porto  Rico,  the  Philippine 
Islands,  Hawaii,  Alaska,  and  Guam,  and  on  return  to  the  United  States. 

These  allowances  are  in  excess  of  the  weights  transported  free  of  chaise  under 
the  regular  fares  by  public  carriers.  They  may  be  reduced  pro  rata  by  the  com- 
manding officer,  if  necessary,  and  may  in  special  cases  be  increased  by  the  War 
Department  on  transports  by  water.  Shipments  of  officers'  allowance  of  baggage 
will  in  all  cases  be  made  at  carrier's  risk,  including  those  o\8r  roads  where  tariffs 
provide  for  extra  charge  therefor.  An  officer  detailed  for  duty  in  a  foreign  country 
as  a  military  attache  is  entitled  to  transportation  of  professional  books  and  papers 
and  the  number  of  pounds  of  personal  baggage  specified  in  the  above  table  only. 

22778—03 18 


274 


APPENDIX. 


[G.  O.  39,  Apr.  24,  1902.] 

1242.  The  baggage  to  be  transported  at  public  expense,  including  mess  chests  and 
personal  baggage,  upon  change  of  station  will  not  exceed  the  following  weights: 


Rank. 


Changing 
station. 


Major-general  — 
Brigadier-general . 

Field  officer 

Captain 


First  lieutenant,  contract  surgeon,  and  contract  dental  surgeon 

Second  lieutenant  and  veterinarian 

Sergeants-major,  regimental;  sergeants-major,  senior  grade,  artillery;  ord- 
nance sergeants;  post  commissary-sergeants;  post  quartermaster-sergeants; 
electrician-sergeants;  hospital  stewards;  quartermaster-sergeants  and  com- 
missary-sergeants, regimental;  chief  musicians;  signal  sergeants 


For  officers  and  others  in  the  above  list,  when  embarking  under  orders  for  extended 
service  over  the  sea  and  for  duty  in  Alaska,  and  upon  change  of  station  in  Alaska  and 
in  places  beyond  the  limits  of  the  States  cornposing  the  Union,  as  well  as  upon  return 
to  the  said  States,  the  allowance  of  baggage  to  be  transported  by  the  Quartermaster's 
Department  from  initial  point  to  port  of  embarkation  and  from  port  of  debarkation 
to  garrison  station  will  be  three  times  the  allowance  prescribed  above  for  change  of 
station. 

These  allowances  are  in  excess  of  the  weights  transported  free  of  charge  under  the 
regular  fare  by  pubHc  carriers.  They  may  be  reduced  pro  rata  by  the  commanding 
officer,  if  necessary,  and  may  in  special  cases  be  increased  by  the  War  Department 
on  transports  by  water.  Shipments  of  officers'  allowance  of  baggage  will  in  all  cases 
be  made  at  carrier's  risk,  including  those  over  roads  where  tariffs  provide  for  extra 
charge  therefor.  An  officer  detailed  for  duty  in  a  foreign  country  as  a  military 
attache  is  entitled  to  transportation  of  professional  books  and  papers  and  the  number 
of  pounds  of  personal  baggage  specified  in  the  above  table  only. 


[G.  O.  106,  Aug.  8,  1901.] 

1311.  Leggins  for  all  troops  of  cotton  duck,  according  to  color  and  pattern  in  the 
office  of  the  Quartermaster-General,  will  be  worn  on  marches  and  campaigns. 

They  will  form  part  of  the  annual  clothing  money  allowance  and  be  charged  to  the 
enlisted  men  at  cost  price. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1321.  Officers  of  the  Army,  contract  and  dental  surgeons,  and  veternarians  may 
purchase  from  the  Quartermaster's  Department  such  articles  of  uniform  clothing, 
clothing  materials,  and  equipage  as  they  need,  provided  the  property  is  available. 
They  will  certify  that  the  articles  are  for  their  personal  use. 


[G.  O.  39,  Apr.  24,  1902.] 

1328.  The  allowance  of  com  brooms  and  scrubbing  brushes  will  be  as  follows: 
For  each  organization  having  an  authorized  maximum  strength  of  150  enhsted 
men  or  over,  9  brooms  and  6  brushes  per  month. 


APPENDIX.  275 

For  each  organization  having  an  authorized  maximum  strength  of  100  enlisted 
men,  more  or  less,  6  brooms  and  4  brushes  per  month. 

Two  brooms  and  1  brush  per  month  to  each  regimental  band. 

Three  brooms  and  2  brushes  per  annum. for  each  noncommissioned  staff  officer, 
including  those  of  posts,  regiments,  squadrons,  battalions,  and  the  Artillery  Corps. 

Six  brushes  per  annum  to  each  post  bakery. 

Twelve  brooms  and  8  brushes  per  annum  to  each  city  recruiting  station. 

They  will  habitually  be  drawn  quarterly,  but  may  be  drawn  when  needed.  If 
less  than  the  maximum  allowance  be  drawn  in  one  quarter  credit  can  not  be  given 
in  another. 


[G.  O.  165,  Dec.  30,  1901.] 

1352.  Purchasing  commissaries  make  purchases  of  supplies  in  accordance  with 
Article  LVI  and  distribute  them  as  directed.  Upon  direct  calls  of  chief  commissa- 
ries they  transfer  to  commissaries  of  posts  and  stations  such  funds  from  the  appro- 
priation "  Subsistence  of  the  Army"  and  such  authorized  subsistence  supplies  as  chief 
commissaries,  under  instructions  from  department  commanders,  deem  necessary. 


[G.  O.  130,  Oct.  3,  1901.] 


1355.  Subsistence  supplies  compris 

1.  Subsistence  stores  consisting  of  articles  composing  the  ration  and  those  fur- 
nished for  sale  to  officers  and  enlisted  men,  also  ice  for  organizations  of  enlisted  men 
stationed  in  island  possessions,  lantern  candles  for  stable  use,  forage  for  beef  cattle, 
and  coarse  salt  for  public  animals  and  rebrining. 

2.  Subsistence  property,  consisting  of  the  necessary  means  for  handling,  preserv- 
ing, issuing,  selling,  and  accounting  for  these  stores. 


[G.  O.  165,  Dec.  30,  1901.] 

1356.  The  commanding  officer  of  a  post  will  require  an  inventory  of  subsistence 
stores  on  hand  to  be  made  by  the  commissary  in  person  during  the  last  week  of  each 
month.  If  it  is  not  practicable  for  the  commissary  to  take  the  inventory  within  the  time 
mentioned,  he  will  apply  to  the  commanding  officer  for  the  detail  of  an  officer  to  take 
it,  who  will  certify  on  the  statement  of  gains  and  of  wastage  in  issues  and  sales  (Form 
No.  39)  the  fact  of  detail  and  the  date  on  which  he  took  the  inventory;  the  com- 
missary will  certify  to  amounts  of  gains  and  of  actual  wastage.  When  such  inventory 
indicates  that  stores  are  on  hand  in  excess  of  the  balances  shown  by  the  return,  the 
excess  will  be  taken  up  under  the  heading  "Gains."  Deficiencies  (as  restricted  by 
paragraph  1368)  will  be  entered  under  the  heading  **  Wastage."  Statements  of  gains 
and  of  wastage  in  issues  and  sales  (Form  No.  39)  will  be  examined  and  approved  by 
the  commanding  officer. 

The  presence  of  a  commissary-sergeant  at  a  post  does  not  in  any  manner  relieve 
the  commissary  from  responsibility  for  the  care  of  subsistence  supplies.  Command- 
ing officers  of  posts,  according  to  their  responsibihties  and  duties  as  fixed  and  pre- 
scribed by  x>aragraphs  740  and  832  of  these  Regulations,  are  to  carefully  supervise  the 
duties  of  commissaries  at  their  respective  posts  and  are  not  to  permit  them  to  devolve 
their  duties  in  any  degree  upon  the  commissary-sergeants.  In  cases  of  losses  and 
embezzlements  of  subsistence  stores  or  property,  boards  of  survey  in  their  proceedings 
and  recommendations  are  to  be  guided  by  the  requirements  of  paragraph  793. 


276 


APPENDIX. 


[G.  0. 165,  Dec.  30,  1901.] 

1368.  Actual,  unavoidable  wastage  will  be  allowed  on  issues  and  sales  only 
follows: 


Articles. 


Salt  meats,  not  canned  . 
Salt  fish,  not  canned  . . . 
Flour,  issue,  not'canned 
Hard  bread,  not  canned 

Corn  meal 

Beans 

Peas 

Rice 

Hominy 

Dried  fruits 

Coffee,  issue 

Tea,  black 

Tea,  green 


Per- 
cent- 
age. 


Articles. 


Vegetables,  fresh 

Sugar,  issue : 

Salt,  issue 

Soap,  issue 

Pickles 

Butter,  not  canned 

Coffee,  extra,  Java  and  Mocha 

Flour,  family 

Molasses,  in  barrels 

Sirup,  cane,  in  barrels 

Sugar,  cut-loaf 

Sugar,  granulated 

Sugar,  i)owdered 


Per- 
cent- 
age. 


Wastage  entered  on  returns  of  subsistence  storas,  as  hereby  authorized,  must  in  all 
cases  have  been  actual  and  must  have  occurred  unavoidably,  and  in  no  other  way 
than  in  making  issues  and  sales;  all  other  deficiencies  must  be  accounted  for  (1)  by 
boards  of  survey,  (2)  by  affidavits,  (3)  by  certificates  of  disinterested  commissioned 
officers. 


[G.  O.  165,  Dec.  30, 1901.] 

1370.  Deficiencies  exceeding  the  percentages  specified  in  paragraph  1368,  or  in 
articles  for  which  a  limit  of  wastage  is  not  therein  indicated,  or  arising  from  losses 
by  straying  or  death  of  beeves,  or  errors  in  their  estimated  net  weight,  or  from  losses 
by  theft,  fire,  or  vermin,  or  from  deficient  or  unsuitable  means  of  storage,  etc.,  will 
be  accounted  for  (1)  by  boards  of  survey,  (2)  by  affidavits,  (3)  by  certificates  of  dis- 
interested commissioned  officers.  Boards  of  survey  should  generally  report  upon 
such  deficiencies,  affidavits  or  certificates  being  used  only  in  cases  where  the  amount 
involved  is  very  small  or  when  it  is  impracticable  to  assemble  a  board. 


1380. 


[G.  O.  130.  Oct.  3,  1901.] 

[3.  Travel  ration.] 


Articles. 


Per  100 
rations. 


Soft  bread 

or  hard  bread 

Canned  corned  beef  or  corned  beef  hash 

Baked  beans 

Canned  tomatoes 

Coffee,  roasted  and  ground 

Sugar . . 


Pounds. 
112 


76 


APPENDIX.  277 

[G.  O.  39,  Apr.  24,  1902.] 

I39O2.  The  ration  returns  (Form  No.  53)  of  all  separate  organizations  of  a  regi- 
ment or  post  for  the  same  ration  period  will  be  entered  by  the  regimental  or  post 
adjutant  upon  the  consolidated  ration  return  (Form  No.  66),  which  latter  return 
after  approval  by  the  regimental  or  post  commander  will  be  issued  upon  by  the 
commissary,  care  being  exercised  by  the  regimental  and  post  commanders  to  see 
that  all  additions  and  deductions  of  rations  have  been  correctly  made  (A.  R.  1390). 
The  commissary  will  enter  the  totals-  of  the  consolidated  ration  retum'~on  his 
abstract  of  issues  (Form  No.  40),  and  there  will  be  shown  in  the  proper  column  on 
the  abstract  the  several  organizations  for  whom  issues  were  made,  giving  the  strength 
of  each. 


[G.O.  130,  Oct.  3,  1^11.] 

1392.  The  medical  officer  in  charge  of  a  general,  post,  or  oamp  hospital,  hospital 
ship,  or  transport  carrying  patients  is  authorized  to  purchase,  in  conformity  with  the 
requirements  of  Article  LVI,  such  articles  of  food,  both  solid  and  liquid,  not  carried 
in  stock  by  the  subsistence  officer  who  issues  rations  to  the  hospital,  and  to  call  upon 
such  subsistence  officer  for  the  issue  of  such  quantities  of  articles  from  the  stock 
already  on  hand  as,  in  the  judgment  of  the  medical  officer,  are  required  for  the  diet 
of  enlisted  patients  under  his  charge  who  are  too  sick  to  be  subsisted  on  the  ration 
as  ordinarily  issued;  the  total  combined  money  value  of  the  stores  hereby  authorized 
to  be  purchased  and  issued  as  above  in>iiny  month  not  to  exceed  the  rate  calculated 
on  the  month's  transactions  of  40  cents  per  man  per  day  for  those  ac^tually  requiring 
special  diet.  Subsistence  officers  are  authorized  to  pay  all  duly  certified  bills  of 
purchases  made  by  medical  officers  under  the  provisions  of  this  paragraph,  or  to 
make  the  purchases  themselves  at  the  request  of  the  medical  officers,  and  to  make 
issues  for  special  diet  hereunder  from  stores  on  hand  at  their  request,  provided  the 
rate  of  40  cents  per  man  per  day  for  those  enlisted  men  actually  requiring  special 
diet  is  not  exceeded  in  anv  month. 


[G.  O.  130,  Oct.  3,  1901.] 

1394,  Medical  officers  having  enlisted  patients  on  special  diet  will  make  return  of 
such  patients  at  the  end  of  each  month  on  Form  No.  69,  Subsistence  Department, 
and  send  the  same  to  the  subsistence  officer.  After  the  subsistence  officer  has  entered 
the  vouchers  for  purchases  and  the  articles  issued  for  s{)ecial  diet  and  deduced  the 
rate  per  man  per  day  which  the  special  diet  for  the  month  has  cost,  the  certificates 
at  the  foot  of  the  form  will  be  duly  executed  by  the  medical  officer  and  the  subsist- 
<'nce  officer,  and  the  medical  officer  will  file  with  the  subsistence  officer  Form  No.  69, 
and  with  it,  if  he  has  made  an  open-market  emergency  purchase  exceeding  $200  in 
amount,  the  report  required  by  paragraph  648  (Form  No.  9),  signed  by  him.  As 
authorized  articles  of  special  diet  are  innnediately  expendable  by  the  medical  officers, 
Form  No.  69,  when  duly  executed,  will  be  accepted  by  the  Commiasary-General  as 
t  he  return  of  the  medical  officer  for  the  subsistence  stores  involved.  Purchase  vouch- 
«'rs  certified  by  medical  officers  wall  state  that  the  stores  will  be  accounted  for  "on 

Form  No.  69,  to  be  filed  with  the  account  current  of for  the  month  of , 

190—." 


[G.  O.  130,  Oct.  3,  1901.] 

1396.  The  sulisistence  officer  who  pays  for  purchases  of  articles  of  special  diet  will 
enter  in  a  group  on  his  abstract  of  disbursements  (Form  No.  5  or  6)  all  such  pay- 
ments made  in  the  month,  and  will  enter  the  articles  as  "hospital  supplies"  in  the 
column  headed  "on  what  account." 


278 


APPENDIX. 


[G.  O.  39,  Apr.  24,  1902.] 

1401.  When  a  person  entitled  to  rations  leaves  an  organization  or  is  ordered  to 
travel  with  travel  rations,  the  rations  issued  to  him  for  any  period  beyond  the  date 
of  his  leaving  and  not  taken  with  him  will  be  deducted  on  the  next  ration  return  of 
the  organization.  The  ration  return  of  an  organization  will  include  all  persons 
belonging  to  it  who  are  to  draw  their  rations  separately;  the  names  of  such  persons 
will  be  written  on  the  ration  return. 


[G.  O.  39,  Apr.  24,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  paragraphs    *    *    *    and  1402  of 
the  Army  Regulations  are  hereby  revoked. 


[G.  O.  130,  Oct.  3,  1901.] 
OTHER   ISSUES   OF   SUBSISTENCE   STORES. 

1403.  The  following  issues  are  made  when  necessary  for  the  public  service: 


Articles. 


1.  Candles,  when  oil,  gas,  or  electricity  for  illuminating  purposes  is  not 

furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department: 

To  headquarters  of  a  department,  per  month 

To  headquarters  in  the  field — 

Of  each  separate  army,  when  composed  of  more  than  one  corps, 

per  month 

Of  an  army  corps,  per  month 

Of  a  division,  per  month 

Of  a  brigade  or  regiment,  per  month 

Of  a  battalion  or  squadron,  per  month 

To  a  division  hospital,  per  month 

To  a  brigade  hospital,  per  month 

To  a  regimental  hospital,  per  month 

To  officers  and  storerooms— 

Of  the  chief  quartermaster  or  chief  commissary  of  a  department 

or  depot  of  supply,  from  April  1  to  September  30,  per  month.. 

Of  the  quartermaster  or  commissary  of  a  post,  from  April  1  to 

September  30,  per  month 

From  October  1  to  March  31,  not  exceeding  double  the  above 
quantities. 
To  guards— 

To  the  principal  guard  of  each  camp,  per  month 

2.  Lantern  candles: 

To  stables— 

.  Such  number  of  pounds  as  the  commanding  officer  may  order 
as  necessary. 

3.  Matches: 

For  lighting  fires  and  lamps  for  which  fuel  and  illuminating  sup- 
plies are  issued— 
Such  quantities  as  the  commanding  officer  may  order  as  neces- 
sary. 

4.  Toilet  paper: 

For  use  of  enlisted  men  stationed  at  such  military  posts  and  camps 
as  are  provided  with  modern  water-closets  with  sewer  connec- 
tions— 
For  each  two  enlisted  men,  per  month,  one  package  or  roll  of 
1,000  sheets. 


Allowance. 

Quantity 
in  bulk. 

Equivalent 
in  rations. 

30  pounds 

2,000 

40  pounds 

2,667 

30  pounds 

2,000 

20  pounds 

1,333 

10  pounds 

667 

10  pounds 

667 

40  pounds 

2,667 

30  pounds 

2,000 

20  pounds 

1,333 

10  pounds 

667 

5   pounds 

333 

12   pounds 


800 


APPENDIX. 


279 


Allowance. 

Articles. 

Quantity 
in  bulk. 

Equivalent 
in  rations. 

4.  Toilet  paper— Continued. 

For  use  in  water-closets  of  post  guardhouses  where  such  closets 
have  sewer  connections — 
Such  quantities  as  the  commanding  officer  may  order  as  neces- 
sary. 

5.  Salt,  coarse: 

For  public  animals— 

For  each  animal,  per  week .... 

2   ounces 
12   ounces 

2  gallons 

3i 
19 

Or,  when  in  the  opinion  of  the  commanding  officer  so  much  is 
necessary,  not  exceeding,  per  month 

6.  Vinegar: 

For  every  100  public  horses  or  mules,  for  sanitary  purposes — 

Such  amount  as  the  commanding  officer  may  order  as  neces- 
sary, not  exceeding,  per  week 

200 

7.  Flour: 

For  paste  used  in  target  practice- 
Such  quantity  as  the  commanding  officer  may  order  as  neces- 
sary, not  to  exceed  50  pounds  for  each  troop,  battery,  or  com- 
pany during  the  target-practice  season. 

8.  Towels,  huck: 

For  use  in  the  offices  of  the  adjutant,  quartermaster,  and  com- 
missary- 
Such  number  as  the  commanding  officer  may  order,  not  to  ex- 
ceed twelve  per  year,  for  each  of  the  above  offices. 

The  issues  are  made  on  ration  returns  signed  by  the  officer  in  charge  and  issues  are 
ordered  by  the  commanding  officer,  the  latter  determining  what  quantities,  within 
the  Hmits  above  prescribed,  shall  be  issued.  Candles,  coarse  salt,  vinegar,  and 
flour  for  the  above  purposes  are  entered  on  the  ration  returns  and  pn  the  abstract  of 
issues  in  terms  of  rations,  lantern  candles  in  pounds,  and  matches  in  boxes.  The 
returns  and  abstract  show  for  what  places  the  candles,  towels,  and  toilet  paper  are 
intended,  and  the  number  of  animals  and  period  for  which  coarse  salt  and  vinegar 
are  drawn,  giving  the  troop,  battery,  etc.,  to  which  they  belong.  Towels  will  be 
issued  on  receipts  to  the  commissary.  They  will  not  be  accounted  for  on  the  returns 
of  the  officers  receiving  them,  but  will  be  continued  in  use  until  worn  out. 


[G.  O.  164,  Dec.  27,  1901.] 

I.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  section  5,  paragraph  1403  of  the  Regula- 
tions, as  amended  by  General  Orders,  No.  130,  October  3,  1901,  from  this  office,  is 
furtlier  amended  to  read  as  follows: 


Allowance. 

Articles. 

Quantity 
in  bulk. 

Equivalent 
in  rations. 

****** 
5.  Salt,  rock: 

For  public  animals— 

3  ounces... 
1  pound  . . . 

m 

Or,  when  in  the  opinion  of  the  commanding  officer  so  much  is 

26 

****** 

280  APPENDIX. 

[G.  O.  130.  Oct.  3,  1901.] 

1404.  Such  of  the  following  articles  as  may  be  necessary,  not  to  exceed  in  value  50 
cents  per  month  for  each  general  prisoner  confined  at  a  military  post  without  pay  or 
allowances,  will  be  issued  by  commissaries  on  the  15th  day  of  each  month  to  the 
officer  in  charge  of  prisoners,  viz : 

Beeswax.  ,  Buttons.  Scissors. 

Blacking,  shoe.  Combs,  fine.  Soap,  issue. 

Brooms,  whisk.  Combs,  horn.  Soap,  shaving. 

Brushes,  blacking.  Mugs,  shaving.  Thread. 

Brushes,  hair.  Needles.  Toilet  paper. 

Brushes,  shaving.  Razors.  Toweling,  unbleached. 

Brushes,  tooth.  Razor  strops. 

Requisitions  for  these  articles  will  set  forth  the  number  of  general  prisoners  present 
at  the  post,  and  must  be  approved  by  the  post  commander.  The  receipt  of  the  officer 
in  charge  will  be  the  commissary's  voucher  for  dropping  the  articles  from  his  return. 
No  articles  issued  under  this  paragraph,  except  tooth  brushes,  fine  combs,  buttons, 
and  thread,  will  be  carried  away  by  prisoners  when  transferred  or  discharged. 
•Towels  used  by  prisoners  will  be  laundered  by  those  who  use  them.  When  specially 
authorized  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  Subsistence  Department  will  supply  to  posts 
where  thirty  or  more  general  prisoners  are  confined  a  sewing  machine  and  other 
necessary  tailors'  utensils  for  use  in  mending  prisoners'  clothing. 

Articles  issued  in  pursuance  of  this  paragraph  will  not  be  accounted  for  on  property 
returns  by  officers  receiving  them,  but  will  be  continued  in  use  until  worn  out. 


[G.  O.  130,  Oct.  3,  1901.] 

1404^.  A  recruiting  officer  stationed  elsewhere  than  at  a  military  post  is  authorized 
to  purchase  such  of  the  following  articles  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  use  of  all  the 
recruits  at  his  station  at  an  expense  not  exceeding  70  cents  per  month,  namely: 

Blacking,  shoe.  Combs,  coarse  horn. 

Brooms,  whisk.  Toilet  paper. 

Brushes,  blacking.  Toweling,  unbleached. 
Brushes,  hair. 

If  the  officer  is  supplied  with  subsistence  funds,  he  will  pay  the  vouchers  made  out 
on  Form  No.  8,  the  certificate  thereon  being  properly  modified.  If  not  supplied 
with  funds,  he  will  send  the  duly  certified  vouchers  for  payment  to  the  chief  com- 
missary of  the  department  in  which  the  recruiting  station  is  located.  The  towels  in 
use  by  recruits- at  recruiting  stations  will  l)e  laundered  at  the  expense  of  the  Quar- 
termaster's Department. 

At  a  recruiting  station  at  a  military  post  such  quantities  of  unbleached  toweling, 
not  exceeding  12  yards  for  a  six  months'  supply,  and  such  quantity  of  issue  soap  as 
may  be  necessary  will  be  issued  to  the  recruiting  officer  at  the  post  by  the  commis- 
sary upon  requisition,  approved  by  the  commanding  officer,  for  use  exclusively  by 
applicants  for  enlistment,  recruits  on  probation,  and  newly  enlisted  men  awaiting 
transfer  to  permanent  stations.  Towels  will  be  laundered  by  those  who  use  them. 
The  receipt  of  the  recruiting  officer  will  be  the  commissary's  voucher  for  dropping 
the  articles  from  his  return. 

Such  quantities  of  toilet  paper  as  may  be  absolutely  necessary  for  the  use  of  recruits 
at  recruit  rendezvous  will  be  issued  by  the  commissaries  to  the  officers  in  charge  on 


APPENDIX.  281 

requiHitions  approved  by  tlie  post  commanders.     The  receipt  of  the  officer  in  charge 
will  be  the  commissary's  voucher  for  dropping  the  articles  from  his  return. 

Articles  issued  in  pursuance  of  this  paragraph  will  not  be  accounted  for  on  property 
returns  by  officers  receiving  them,  but  will  be  continued  in  use  until  worn  out. 


[G.  O.  130,  Oct.  3,  1901.] 

1413j.  When  railroads  equipped  with  eating  houses,  or  when  public  eating  houses 
established  along  railroads  not  so  equipped,  have  agreed  to  furnish  meals  to  enlisted 
men  traveling  unaccompanied  by  a  commissioned  officer  on  meal  tickets  issued  for  the 
purpose,  the  commanding  officer  ordering  transportation  for  enlisted  men  so  traveling 
over  such  roads  may  direct  the  Subsistence  Department  to  issue  meal  tickets  for  use 
en  route.  A  noncommissioned  officer  or  private  traveling  in  charge  of  a  detachment 
will  be  furnished  the  meal  tickets  (Form  No.  76,  Subsistence  Department)  for  the 
detachment,  and  will  duly  eJtecute  the  receipt  upon  a  ticket  for  the  number  of  meals 
furnished  at  any  authorized  point  and  leave  the  receipted  ticket  with  the  represent- 
ative of  the  eating  house  there  present..  A  soldier  traveling  alone  will  receipt  the 
ticket  and  leave  it  in  the  same  way.  These  receipted  tickets  will  be  returned  by  the 
railroads  or  public  eating  houses,  accompanied  by  bills,  tothe  commissary  who 
issued  them,  who  will  prepare  vouchers  and  pay  the  same.  Recruiting  officers  not 
at  permanent  stations  may  request  those  to  whom  meal  tickets  are  addressed  to  for- 
ward them  for  payment  to  the  chief  commissary  of  the  department — giving  name 
and  address — in  which  they  are  recruiting. 

At  the  end  of  a  journey  all  unused  meal  tickets  will  be  turned  over  by  soldiers  to 
the  commanding  officer  of  the  post,  who  will  promptly  return  such  tickets  to  the 
issuing  officer. 

The  chief  commissary  of  a  department  will  ascertain  what,  if  any,  arrangements 
can  be  made  with  the  various  railroads  and  public  eating  houses  established  along 
lines  of  travel  over  which  enlisted  men  are  usually  routed  in  and  from  his  depart- 
ment, and  if  satisfactory  arrangements  are  made  he  will  cause  the  necessary  informa- 
tion to  be  communicated  to  the  various  commissaries  and  recruiting  officers  who  may 
be  doing  duty  m  the  department,  and  will  also  cause  them  to  be  notified  from  time 
to  time  as  changes  occur. 

IV.  By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  instructions  are 
published  for  the  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Commanding  and  other  officers  ordering  transportation  to  the  Pacific  coast  via 
Chicago  for  noncommissioned  officers,  privates,  and  recruits,  under  paragraph  1413^, 
as  published  in  this  order,  will  provide  subsistence  for  the  men  by  meal  tickets  or 
otherwise  to  Chicago  only,  and  will  call  upon  the  chief  commissary.  Department  of 
the  Lakes,  in  their  orders  directing  the  travel,  for  five  days'  meal  requests  for  the 
portion  of  the  journey  from  Chicago  to  the  points  on  the  Pacific  coast  to  which  the 
men  are  ordered.  Where  through  transportation  to  the  Pacific  coast  is  furnished  at 
the  initial  point  of  the  journey,  a  copy  of  the  order  for  the  journey  will  be  mailed  by 
the  commanding  or  other  officer,  at  least  twenty-four  hours  in  advance  of  the  depar- 
ture of  the  men,  to  the  chief  commissary.  Department  of  the  Lakes,  Chicago,  111.,  who 
will  send  the  necessary  meal  requests  to  meet  the  men  on  arrival  at  the  railroad  station 
in  Chicago,  thus  avoiding  delay  of  the  men  in  that  city.  A  copy  of  the  order  will  also 
be  furnished  the  party  in  charge  of  the  detachment,  w  hich  wall  be  surrendered  by  him 
to  the  person  in  Chicago  from  whom  he  receives  meal  requests.  Noncommissioned 
officers,  privates,  and  recruits  notfurnished  with  through  transportation  at  initial  points 
of  journeys  will  be  instructed  to  report  at  the  headquarters,  Departmentof  theLakes,  if 
they  arrive  in  Chicago  before  3. 30  p.  m.,  and  at  the  recruiting  station.  No.  82  West  Madi- 
son street,  if  they  arrive  after  that  hour.     Those  reporting  at  the  latter  place  will  be 


282  APPENDIX. 

furnished  by  the  recruiting  officer  with  supper  and  lodging  for  the  night  and  break- 
fast the  next  morning,  and  will  then  be  sent  to  department  headquarters  for  the 
necessary  orders  for  transportation  and  meal  requests  to  the  end  of  their  journey. 


*  [G.  O.  165,  Dec.  30,  1901.] 

1419.  The  furlough  of  an  enlisted  man  will  show  by  memorandum  of  his  company 
commander  to  what  day  he  was  last  rationed  and  the  number  of  rations,  if  any, 
drawn  for  him  previous  to  his  going  on  furlough,  for  the  time  covered  by  the  fur- 
lough, and  the  certificate  of  his  company  commander  on  the  back  of  the  furlough 
will  show  the  date  on  which  he  rejoined  his  proper  station  or  was  discharged  and 
that  the  rations  overdrawn  for  him  were  duly  deducted  from  a  ration  return  of  his 
company.  If  entitled  to  commutation  he  will  be  paid  by  any  commissary  upon  the 
presentation  of  the  furlough  containing  the  above  memorandum  and  certificate.  The 
paying  officer  will  file  the  furlough  as  a  subvoucher  to.  his  receipt  roll,  and  indorse 
on  the  furlough  the  date,  mode,  and  amount  of  payment.  The  authority  under 
which  a  furlough  is  granted  (whether  under  Army  Regulations  or  in  pursuance  of 
the  orders  of  a  superior)  should  be  cited  on  the  face  of  the  furlough  by  the  officer 
granting  it.  If  the  period  for  which  the  furlough  is  given  is  within  the  competency 
of  the  authority  cited  no  copy  of  the  order  is  needed  to  accompany  the  furlough 
when  presented  to  a  disbursing  officer  for  payment  of  commutation  of  rations;  but 
if  the  period  is  manifestly  beyond  the  competency  of  the  authority  cited  the  furlough 
should  when  presented  for  payment  of  commutation  of  rations  be  accompanied  by 
copies  of  all  orders  in  pursuance  of  which  it  was  given. 


[G.  O.  130,  Oct.  3,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  paragraph  1425  of  the  Regulations 
of  1901  is  revoked. 


[G.O.130,  Oct.  3,  1901.] 

1430.  Civilians  employed  with  the  Army,  including  those  expressly  employed  for 
their  services  as  tailors,  shoemakers,  and  laundrymen,  may  be  allowed,  at  remote 
places  or  in  the  field  where  food  can  not  otherwise  be  procured,  to  purchase  from 
the  Subsistence  Department,  in  limited  quantities  for  their  own  use,  for  cash,  at  cost 
prices  with  10  per  cent  added,  such  articles  of  the  ration  or  of  stores  kept  for  sales  to 
officers  and  enlisted  men  as  can  be  sjmred  from  the  supplies  on  hand. 


[G.  O.  164,  Dec.  27,  1901.] 

1448.  To  entitle  an  officer  to  additional  pay  under  the  acts  of  April  26,  1898,  and 
May  26,  1900,  for  exercising  a  command  above  that  pertaining  to  his  grade,  he  must 
have  exercised  such  command  of  troops  operating  against  an  enemy  for  a  period  of 
three  months  or  more  continuously,  in  obedience  to  orders  issued  by  superior  author- 
ity which  he  was  bound  to  obey,  and  no  pay  or  allowances  as  of  a  higher  grade  than 
that  actually  held  by  an  officer  will  be  paid  him  under  this  regulation  unless  a  cer- 
tified copy,  in  duplicate,  of  such  order,  accompanied  by  a  statement  of  service  there- 
under, is  filed  with  the  paymaster. 


APPENDIX.  283 

[G.  O.  110,  Nov.  -J,  1901.] 

1449.  The  10  per  cent  increase  allowed  to  officers  serving  beyond  the  limits  of  the 
States  comprising  the  Union  and  the  Territories  of  the  United  States  contiguous 
thereto  will  be  paid  on  their  regular  monthly  pay  vouchers  which  will  be  made  up 
to  include  the  entire  compensation,  of  whatever  character,  which  may  be  due  the 
officer  for  the  calendar  month,  or  months,  included  in  the  accounts.  There  will  be 
noted  on  the  pay  accounts  the  numbers  and  dates  of  orders  or  any  other  facts  which 
affect  the  officer's  pay  status  for  the  period  covered  by  the  accounts  presented  for 
payment. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1487.  In  the  following  cases  no  expense  of  travel  is  allowed:  In  joining  for  duty 
upon  first  appointment  to  the  military  service,  or  under  the  first  order  after  a  rein- 
statement or  reappointment,  or  under  an  order  to  effect  a  transfer  from  one  company 
or  regiment  to  another,  made  at  the  request  of  the  officers  transferred.  Assistant, 
contract,  and  dental  surgeons,  graduates  of  the  Military  Academy,  and  officers 
appointed  from  the  ranks,  joining  under  first  order  after  appointment  or  commission, 
are  excepted  from  these  provisions. 


[G.  O.  39,  Apr.  24,  1902.] 

1492.  An  officer  does  not  lose  his  right  to  quarters  or  commutation  at  his  perma- 
nent station  by  a  temporary  absence  on  duty.  While  he  continues  to  hold  that  right 
and  exercises  it  by  constructive  occupation  or  use  of  any  kind  he  can  not  legally 
demand  quarters  nor  connnutation  at  any  other  station.  Exceptions  to  this  rule 
may  be  made  by  the  general  officers  exercising  command  of  the  troops  in  the  Philip- 
pine Islands  in  cases  arrising  in  their  commands;  in  all  other  cases  only  by  the 
Secretary  of  War,  upon  the  approval  of  the  commanding  general  of  the  department. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1528.  Reenlistment  pay,  under  section  1282,  Revised  Statutes,  and  act  of  August 
1,  1894,  will  be  allowed  to  all  enlisted  men  at  the  rate  of  pay  provided  for  the  fifth 
year  of  continuous  service.  This  reenlistment  pay,  having  been  once  earned  by  five 
years'  continuous  service,  will  be  paid  to  the  soldier  during  all  subsequent  service, 
whatever  period  of  time  may  intervene  between  enlistment  and  prior  discharge. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1530.  The  reenlistment  pay  of  an  enlisted  man  not  entitled  to  eontinuous-service 
allowances  will  be  indicated  on  the  muster  and  pay  rolls  as  "entitled  to  reenlisted 
pay."  Should  he  be  serving  in  the  first  five  years,  or  be  entitled  to  both  reenlist- 
ment and  continuous-service  pay,  the  rolls  should  show  the  year  of  continuous  serv- 
ice in  which  he  is  serving. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1552.  For  any  sum  deposited  for  the  period  of  six  months  or  longer  the  soldier, 
when  discharged,  will  be  paid  interest  at  the  rate  of  4  per  cent  per  annum  to  date  of 
discharge. 


284  APPENDIX. 

[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1564.  An  enlisted  man  discharged  for  minority  concealed  at  enlistment,  or  for 
other  cause  involving  fraud  on  his  part  in  the  enlistment,  is  not  entitled  to  pay  and 
allowances,  including  those  for  travel,  and  will  not  receive  final  statements  unless 
deposits  are  due  him,  in  which  case  final  statements,  containing  only  a  list  of  his 
deposits,  will  be  furnished. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1583.  In  accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress  authorizing  their  employment, 
dental  surgeons  will  "serve  the  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  Regular  and  Volun- 
teer Army."  The  families  of  officers  and  civilian  employees  attached  to  the  Army 
are  not  entitled  to  their  services.  In  this  connection  contract  and  contract  dental 
surgeons  are  to  be  regarded  as  ofiicers. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1595.  Department  commanders,  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  chief  surgeon  of 
their  respective  departments,  are  authorized  to  detail  privates  of  the  Hospital  Corps 
as  acting  hospital  stewards,  after  examination  as  now  required  by  regulations:  Pro- 
vided, however,  That  the  allowance  of  acting  hospital  stewards  and  j)rivates  of  the 
Hospital  Corps,  as  fixed  for  each  of  the  respective  commands  in  a  military  depart- 
ment, shall  not  be  exceeded  except  by  special  authority  from  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  hospital  stewards  will  be 
appointed  by  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Army,  and  privates  of  the  Hospital  Corps 
will  be  detailed  as  acting  hospital  stewards  by  the  Surgeon-General  or  by  the  chief 
surgeon  of  the  division  or  department  or  army  with  which  they  may  be  serving: 
Provided,  however,  That  the  allowance  of  hospital  stewards  and  acting  hospital  stewards 
as  fixed  by  existing  regulations  shall  not  be  exceeded  except  by  special  authority  of 
the  Secretary  of  War. 


[G.  O.  160,  Dec.  11,  1901.] 

1595.  Subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  hospital  stewards  will  be 
appointed  by  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Army;  privates  of  the  Hospital  Corps  will 
be  detailed  as  acting  hospital  stev/ards  by  the  Surgeon- General  or  by  the  chief 
surgeon  of  the  division  or  department  or  army  with  which  they  may  be  serving: 
Provided,  hotvever,  That  the  allowance  of  hospital  stewards  and  acting  hospital  stewards 
as  fixed  by  existing  regulations  shall  not  be  exceeded  except  by  special  authority  of 
the  Secretary  of  War. 


[G.  O.  139,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1595^.  To  test  the  capacity  of  privates  of  the  Hospital  Corps  for  the  duties  of  non- 
commissioned officers  the  Surgeon-General  and  chief  surgeons  may  appoint  lance 
acting  hospital  stewards,  who  will  hold  such  appointment  not  to  exceed  three  months 
and  will  be  obeyed  and  respected  as  acting  hospita,l  stewards.  The  appointments, 
with  the  approval  of  the  Surgeon-General  or  chief  surgeon,  may  be  renewed  for 
three  months,  but  no  detachment  shall  have  more  lance  acting  hospital  stewards  at 
a  time  than  enough  to  make  the  proportion  of  all  noncommissioned  officers  present 
for  duty  one  to  four  i)rivates  of  the  Hospital  Corps.  Lance  acting  hospital  stewards 
are  on  the  same  footing  regarding  reduction  as  acting  hospital  stewards.  A  lance 
acting  hospital  steward  will  wear  the  uniform  of  a  private  with  a  chevron  having 
one  bar  of  braid. 


APPENDIX.  285 

[G.  O.  110,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1596.  The  commander  of  an  army  corps,  or  of  a  division  or  l)rigade  acting  inde- 
pendently of  a  corps,  is  charged  with  the  full  control  of  the  transfer  from  the  line, 
the  enlistment,  reenlistment,  and  discharge  of  members  of  the  Hospital  Corps  of  his 
command. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1598.  One  enlistment  paper  for  each  recruit  of  the  Hospital  Corps  will  be  for- 
warded, with  the  form  for  physical  examination,  direct  to  the  Surgeon-General,  who 
will  render  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  a  monthly  recruiting  return  accom- 
panied by  one  of  each  set  of  enlistment  papers. 


[G.  O.  160,  Dec.  11,  1901.] 

1598.  The  enlistment  paper  for  each  recruit  of  the  Hospital  Corps  will  be  for- 
warded with  the  form  for  physical  examination  direct  to  the  Surgeon-General,  who 
will  render  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  a  monthly  recruiting  return  accom- 
panied by  the  enlistment  papers  iiertaining  to  it. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1599.  Enlisted  men  who  are  serving  in  the  line  may  be  transferred  to  the  Hospital 
Corps  as  privates.  Musicians  are  not  eligible.  Transfers  will  be  made  by  the  depart- 
ment commander  upon  the  application  of  the  post  surgeon  approved  by  the  post 
commander,  stating  age,  character,  physical  condition,  and  habits  of  the  soldier, 
whether  for  existing  or  prospective  vacancy,  and  the  date  of  expiration  of  current 
enlistment.  If  the  soldier  be  over  40  years  of  age  his  special  qualifications  for  transfer 
will  be  stated. 

Enlisted  men  of  the  line,  except  those  serving  as  musicians,  may  be  transferred 
with  their  own  consent  to  the  Hospital  Corps  as  privates.  Applications  for  transfer 
will  be  made  by  the  surgeon  through  military  channels  to  the  Adjutant-General  of 
the  Army,  stating  age,  date  of  enlistment,  physical  condition,  character,  habits,  and 
special  qualifications,  if  any,  of  the  soldier,  and  whether  the  transfer  is  to  fill  an 
existing  vacancy  or  for  general  service. 


-    [G.  0. 160,  Dec.  11,  1901.] 

1599.  Enlisted  men  of  the  line,  musicians  excepted,  may  be  transferred  to  the 
Hospital  Corps  as  j^rivates  by  the  department  commander  on  the  application  of  the 
Hurgeon  of  the  post  or  command,  forwarded  through  military  channels.  The  appli- 
ration  will  state  the  age,  character,  physical  condition,  and  habits  of  the  soldier,  date 
of  expiration  of  current  enlistment,  and  whether  made  for  an  existing  or  prospective 
\  acancy.  If  the  soldier  be  over  40  years  of  age  his  special  qualifications  for  transfer 
will  be  stated. 


286  APPENDIX. 

[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2.  1901.] 

1604.  All  members  of  the  Hospital  Corps  will  be  equipped  with  canteen  complete, 
haversack  complete,  tin  cup,  waist  belt  and  plate,  one-half  shelter  tent  complete,  and 
the  privates  also  with  Hospital  Corps  pouch  and  litter  sling.  This  equipment  will 
be  issued  to  the  man,  charged  to  him  on  the  descriptive  book,  and  when  station  is 
changed  will  be  noted  on  the  descriptive  list,  dropped  from  the  property  returns  by 
the  responsible  medical  officer,  and  taken  up  by  the  medical  officer  to  whom  the 
man  reports,  both  of  whom  will  notify  the  respective  departments  to  which  the 
property  pertains  accordingly. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.1 

1612.  At  each  post  one  or  more  of  the  privates  of  the  corps  will  be  designated  by 
the  surgeon  as  ambulance  driver.  In  addition  to  his  other  duties,  he  will  care  for 
the  ambulance,  its  equipment  and  harness,  and  see  that  they  are  always  in  readiness 
for  immediate  use.  In  the  field  he  will  care  for  the  animals.  When  it  is  necessary 
to  use  the  ambulance  for  any  transportation  purposes,  the  commanding  officer,  on  the 
application  of  the  surgeon,  will  see  that  the  requisite  animals  are  provided  by  the 
quartermaster  and  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  surgeon. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1616.  In  field  service,  troops  will  be  accompanied  by  such  number  of  men  of  the 
Hospital  Corps  as  may  be  determined  by  the  military  commanders  on  the  recom- 
mendation of  the  senior  medical  officer. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1617.  On  the  march,  each  medical  officer  will  habitually  be  attended  by  a  mounted 
private  of  the  Hospital  Corps.  Hospital  stewards,  acting  stewards,  and  at  least  one 
private  of  the  corps  in  each  separate  command  will  be  mounted  when  serving  in  the 
field,  and  all  privates  of  the  corps  will  be  mounted  when  serving  with  mounted 
commands.  Horses  will  be  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  and  horse 
equipments  by  the  Medical  Department  for  members  of  the  corps  on  duty  in  the 
field  when  practicable.  When  no  horses  are  available,  special  application  for 
authority  to  hire  must  be  made. 


[G.  0. 160,  Dec.  11, 1901.] 

1617.  On  the  march  each  medical  officer  will  habitually  be  attended  by  a  mounted 
private  of  the  Hospital  Corps.  Hospital  stewards,  acting  stewards,  and  at  least  one 
private  of  the  corps  in  each  separate  command  will  be  mounted  when  serving  in  the 
field,  and  all  privates  of  the  corps  will  be  mounted  when  serving  with  mounted 
commands.  Horses  will  be  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  and  horse 
equipments  by  the  Ordnance  Department  for  members  of  the  corps  on  duty  in  the 
field  when  practicable.  When  no  horses  are  available,  special  application  for 
authority  to  hire  must  be  made. 


APPENDIX.  287 

[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1618.  Ambulances  will  be  used  for  the  transportation  of  the  sick  and  injured, 
the  instruction  of  the  Hospital  Corps,  and,  in  urgent  cases,  for  the  transportation  of 
medical  supplies,  and  all  persons  are  prohibited  from  using  them,  or  requiring  or  per- 
mitting them  to  be  used,  for  any  other  purpose.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  officers 
of  the  ambulance  service  to  report  to  the  commander  of  the  troops  any  violation  of 
the  provisions  of  this  paragraph. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

i634.  Kecently  discharged  soldiers,  needing  hospital  treatment,  who  arrive  in  New 
York  City,  San  Francisco,  or  other  port  on  Government  transports,  may  be  sent  to 
one  of  the  post  hospitals  in  the  vicinity,  and  rations  in  kind  drawn  for  them  while 
undergoing  treatment. 


[G.  O.  140,  Nov.  2,  1901.] 

1651.  At  sick  call  the  enlisted  men  of  each  company  who  require  medical  attention 
will  be  conducted  to  the  hospital  by  a  noncommissioned  officer,  who  will  give  to  the 
attending  surgeon  the  company  sick  report  book  containing  the  names  of  the 
sick.  The  surgeon,  after  examination,  will  indicate  in  the  book,  opposite  their  names, 
the  men  who  are  to  be  admitted  to  hospital  and  those  to  be  returned  to  quarters, 
what  duties  the  latter  can  perform,  with  any  other  information  in  regard  to  the  sick 
which  he  may  have  to  communicate  to  the  company  commander.  The  senior  medical 
officer  of  the  command  will  make  a  daily  report  of  the  sick  and  wounded  to  the  com- 
manding officer. 


[G.0. 140,  Nov.  2, 1901.] 

1665.  The  compensation  allowed  to  civilian  physicians  for  ordinary  medical  attend- 
ance at  garrison  posts  or  camps  will  not  exceed  the  following  rates,  and  if  the  local 
charge  per  visit  is  less  the  account  will  be  rendered  at  the  local  rates:  For  attending 
sick  call,  five  men  or  less,  |2.50;  for  each  man  in  excess  of  five,  50  cents;  for  each 
additional  visit  or  sick  call  on  same  day,  when  necessary,  $2.  Where  there  is  a  large 
sick  report  and  the  service  will  be  required  for  an  extended  period,  application  will 
be  made  to  the  Surgeon-General  for  authority  to  employ  a  physician  by  the  month. 
Accounts  arising  at  posts  or  camps  under  exceptional  circumstances,  all  accounts 
arising  at  other  places,  and  accounts  for  special  or  surgical  services  will  be  allowed 
at  reasonable  rates  approved  by  the  Surgeon-General.  The  accounts  will  be  for- 
warded in  duplicate  to  the  chief  surgeon  or,  if  incurred  at  independent  posts  or 
stations,  direct  to  the  Surgeon-General. 


[G.0. 140,  Nov.  2, 1901.] 

1670.  Each  chief  surgeon  will  make  to  the  Surgeon-General  on  the  last  day  of 
every  month  a  return  of  medical  officers,  contract  dental  surgeons,  and  physicians 
under  contract. 


ORDERS  AND  CIRCULARS  RELATING  TO  AND 
AFFECTING  THE  ARMY  REGULATIONS  SINCE 
PUBLICATION   TO  JUNE  30,  1902. 


[G.  -O.  18,  Feb.  19,  1902.] 

The  following  has  been  received  from  the  War  Department: 

War  Department,  Washington,  February  19,  1902. 
The  following  Executive  order  has  been  received  from  the  White  House  and  is  published  for  the 
information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

"  EXECUTIVE  ORDER. 

"All  officers  and  employees  of  the  United  States  of  every  description  serving  in  or  under  any  of 
the  Executive  Departments,  and  whether  so  serving  in  or  out  of  Washington,  are  hereby  forbidden, 
either  directly  or  indirectly,  individually  or  through  associations,  to  solicit  an  increase  of  pay  or  to 
influence  or  attempt  to  influence  in  their  own  interest  any  other  legislation  whatever,  either  before 
Congress  or  its  committees,  or  in  any  way  save  through  the  heads  of  the  departments  in  or  under 
which  they  serve,  on  penalty  of  dismissal  from  the  Government  service. 

"Theodore  Roosevelt. 

"White  House,  January 31,  1902." 

At  the  same  time  especial  attention  of  the  officers  of  the  Army  is  called  to  the  following  existing 
provision  of  the  Army  Regulations: 

*  *  *  "  Efforts  to  influence  legislation  affecting  the  Army,  or  to  procure  personal  favor  or  con- 
sideration, should  never  be  made  except  through  regular  military  channels;  the  adoption  of  any 
other  method  by  any  officer  or  enlisted  man  will  be  noted  in  the  military  record  of  those  concerned." 
{Par.  5,  A.  R.) 

Elihu  Root,  Secretary  of  War. 


[Cir.  30,  Aug.  29,  1901.] 

The  following  decision  of  the  Secretary  of  War  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the 
information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Veterinarians  are  not  competent  to  sit  as  members  of  courts-martial  or  perform 
any  of  the  duties  which  are  expressly  required  by  law  to  be  performed  by  commis- 
sioned officers.  As  their  status  is  assimilated  to  that  of  commissioned  officers,  how- 
ever, they  are  eligible  for  detail  as  members  of  boards  of  survey,  or  councils  of 
administration,  and  may  when  no  commissioned  officer  is  available  serve  as  exchange 
officers  or  post  treasurers,  and  may  witness  payments  to  enlisted  men. 

{Par.  9,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  18,  May  19,  1902.] 

The  following  decision  is  published  for  the  information  of  all  concerned: 
Veterinarians  entitled  to  salutes  from  enlisted  men. — A  veterinarian  of  cav- 
alry or  artillery  is  allowed  by  law  the  pay  and  allowances  of  a  second  lieutenant. 
He  is  given  rank  by  General  Orders,  No,  39,  April  24,  1902,  from  this  office,  next 
after  a  second  lieutenant,  and  the  character  of  his  duties  is  such  as  to  require  him  to 
give  orders  to  enlisted,  men.  He  is,  therefore,  entitled  to  receive  the  customary 
salute  from  enlisted  men. 
{Par.  9,  A.  R.) 

22778—03 19  289 


290  APPENDIX. 

[Cir.  34,  Sept.  23,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  con- 
cerned: 

A  subordinate  officer  in  the  Philippine  Islands  is  not  entitled  to  the  pay  appropriate  to  a  higher  command 
unless  he  exercises  such  command  under  orders  issued  by  his  superior  officer  and  afterwards  approved  by 
the  commanding  general  in  the  field. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  July  29,  1901. 
The  Honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  By  your  reference  and  indorsement  dated  the  13th  instant,  I  am  in  receipt  of  a  letter  from 
Lieut.  Col.  G.  W.  Baird,  chief  disbursing  ofl&cer,  Paymaster-General's  Office,  as  follows: 

"I  have  the  honor  to  state  that  Special  Orders,  No.  118,  paragraph  1,  Headquarters,  Division  of  the 
Philippines,  Manila,  P.  I.,  May  7,  1901,  confirms,  for  the  purpose  of  increased  pay,  the  assignments  to 
commands  above  those  pertaining  to  their  respective  grades,  of  various  officers  named.  In  most  of 
these  cases  the  assignments  were  by  orders  issued  before  the  exercise  of  the  command,  and  emanating 
from  department  headquarters  or  regimental  headquarters. 

"It  will  be  seen,  from  the  order  inclosed,  that  the  confirmation  by  the  commanding  general.  Divi- 
sion of  the  Philippines  (dated  May,  1901),  was  probably  made  on  the  receipt  of  decision  No.  118,  Pay- 
master-General's Circular,  No.  254,  made  by  your  office  on  February  27,  1901,  overruling  decision  No. 
13,  Paymaster-General's  Circular,  No.  179,  March  31,  1899.  Attention  is  invited  to  the  fact  that  the 
command,  in  several  instances,  was  exercised  continuously,  beginning  several  months  before  the 
date  of  the  order  cited  (Special  Orders,  No.  118,  Headquarters,  Division  of  the  Philippines). 

"I  respectfully  ask  if  Special  Orders,  No.  118,  inclosed,  is,  in  the  view  of  your  office,  a  competent 
order  as  contemplated  in  decision  No.  118,  Circular  No.  254,  Paymaster-General's  Office,  and  carries 
with  it  the  pay  of  the  command  exercised,  provided  such  command  was  exercised  for  a  period  not 
less  than  three  months." 

Special  Orders,  No.  118,  issued  May  7, 1901,  at  the  Headquarters,  Division  of  the  Philippines,  is  as 
follows: 

[Extract.] 

"  The  assignments  of  the  following-named  officers  to  commands  above  those  pertaining  to  their 
respective  grades  are  confirmed,  for  the  purpose  of  increased  pay  from  the  dates  given. " 

Following  the  above  language,  said  Order  118  contains  the  number  of  special  orders,  from  what 
headquarters  issued,  names,  rank,  command  exercised,  from  what  date,  of  126  officers. 

This  order  was  issued  by  command  of  Major-General  MacArthur.  Most  of  the  officers  named  in 
the  order  appear  to  have  been  originally  assigned  to  higher  commands  in  orders  issued  from  their 
respective  regimental  headquarters,  and  it  further  appears  that  the  assignments  of  nearly  all  the 
officers  were  subsequent  to  May  26, 1900. 

Section  7,  act  of  April  26,  1898  (30  Stat.,  365),  is  as  follows: 

"That  in  time  of  war  every  officer  serving  with  troops  operating  against  an  enemy  who  shall  exer- 
cise, under  assignment  in  orders  issued  by  competent  authority,  a  command  above  that  pertaining  to 
his  grade,  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  the  pay  and  allowances  of  the  grade  appropriate  to  the  com- 
mand so  exercised:  Provided,  That  a  rate  of  pay  exceeding  that  of  a  brigadier-general  shall  not  be 
paid  in  any  case  by  reason  of  such  assignment.    *    *    *  " 

The  act  making  appropriation  for  the  support  of  the  Regular  and  Volunteer  Army  for  the  fiscal 
year  1901  (31  Stat.,  211),  approved  May  26,  1900,  contains  the  following  provision: 

"  For  additional  pay  for  increased  rank  when  in  command  by  competent  authority,  fifty  thousand 
dollars:  Provided,  That  no  part  of  this  sum  shall  be  used  for  pay  of  officers  assigned  to  higher  com- 
mand than  their  rank  in  the  Army,  unless  such  service  shall  be  continuous  for  a  period  of  not  less 
than  three  months." 

My  decision  is  requested  as  to  whether  Special  Orders,  No.  118,  in  view  of  the  facts  stated  by 
Colonel  Baird,  is  such  an  order  as  will  give  to  officers  therein  named  the  pay  of  the  grades  pertaining 
to  the  commands  exercised  by  them. 

Confining  myself  solely  to  the  facts  stated  by  Colonel  Baird  and  said  orders,  I  am  of  opinion  that— 

If  a  subordinate  officer  serving  in  the  Philippine  Islands  exercises  a  command  above  that  pertain- 
ing to  his  grade  prior  to  June  30, 1900,  under  assignment  in  orders  issued  by  his  superior  officer  and 
such  order  was  such  that  the  subordinate  officer  was  bound  to  obey  and  such  assignment  in  orders 
was  afterwards  approved  by  the  commanding  general  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  the  subordinate 
officer  so  exercising  such  higher  command  under  such  orders  would  be  entitled  to  the  pay  and 
allowances  of  the  grade  appropriate  to  the  command  so  exercised,  regardless  of  whether  he  exercised 
such  higher  command  for  a  period  of  three  months  or  not. 

If  a  subordinate  officer  serving  in  the  Philippine  Islands  exercised  a  command  above  that  pertain- 
ing to  his  grade  after  June  30, 1900,  under  assignment  in  orders  issued  by  his  superior  officer  and  such 


APPENDIX.  291 

order  was  such  that  the  subordinate  officer  was  bound  to  obey  and  such  assignment  in  orders  was 
afterwards  approved  by  the  commanding  general  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  the  subordinate  officer  so 
exercising  such  higher  command  under  such  orders  would  be  entitled  by  said  act  of  May  26  to  the 
pay  and  allowances  of  the  grade  appropriate  to  the  command  so  exercised,  providing  such  officer 
exercised  such  higher  command  for  a  continuous  period  of  not  less  than  three  months;  otherwise 
such  officer  would  not  be  entitled  to  such  higher  pay. 

If  a  subordinate  officer  serving  in  the  Philippine  Islands  exercised  a  command  above  that  pertain- 
ing to  his  grade  by  virtue  of  his  being  the  senior  officer  present  on  duty  and  not  under  assignment  in 
orders  issued  by  his  superior  officer  and  which  was  afterwards  approved  by  the  commanding  general 
in  the  field  he  would  not  be  entitled,  for  exercising  such  higher  command  under  such  circumstances, 
to  the  pay  appropriate  to  the  grade  of  the  command  so  exercised. 

Respectfully,  L.  P.  Mitchell, 

Assistant  Comptroller. 
{Par.  13,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  29,  Aug.  28,  1901.] 

Chaplains  are  entitled  to  rank,  pay,  and  allowances  of  a  captain  .of  infantry,  and  can  not  draw  mounted 

pay  on  certificate  of  Secretary  of  War  or  department  commander  that  duty  required  than  to  be  mounted. 

The  law  requires  that  necessary  means  of  transportation  be  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department 

for  service  in  the  field. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  April  29,  1901. 
The  Honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  By  your  direction  I  have  received  a  letter  from  the  Paymaster-General,  dated  April  5,  1901, 
inclosing  the  pay  account  of  S.  H.  Bell,  chaplain  Seventh  United  States  Cavalry,  for  the  month  of 
February,  1901,  ai>d  the  indorsements  thereon,  requesting  my  decision  on  the  following  questions: 

"  1.  Whether  post  chaplains  and  the  chaplains  of  the  four  colored  regiments  of  the  Army  in  service 
on  February  2,  1901,  are  included  in  the  increased  pay  and  allowances  provided  for  chaplains  by  the 
act  of  that  date,  or  whether  the  pay  and  allowances  of  captain  of  infantry  applies  only  to  chaplains 
appointed  by  the  President  after  the  approval  of  the  act  of  February  2,  1901. 

"2.  Whether  a  chaplain  assigned  to  duty  with  a  cavalry  regiment  would  be  entitled  to  mounted 
pay  on  a  certificate  of  the  Secretary  of  War  or  department  commander  that  he  was  on  duty  which 
required  him  to  be  mounted." 

These  questions  will  be  considered  in  the  order  submitted. 

The  act  of  February  2,  1901  (31  Stat.,  — ),  entitled  "An  act  to  increase  the  efficiency  of  the  perma- 
nent military  establishment  of  the  United  States,"  provides  among  other  things— 

"Sec.  1.  That  from  and  after  the  approval  of  this  act  the  Army  of  the  United  States,  including  the 
existing  organizations,  shall  consist  of  fifteen  regiments  of  cavalry,  a  corps  of  artillery,  thirty  regi- 
ments of  infantry,  etc. 

4c  *****  * 

"Sec.  12.  That  the  President  is  authorized  to  appoint,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the 
Senate,  chaplains  in  the  Army,  at  the  rate  of  one  for  each  regiment  of  cavalry  and  infantry  in  the 
United  States  service  and  twelve  for  the  corps  of  artillery,  with  the  rank,  pay,  and  allowances  of 
captains  of  infantry:  And  provided,  That  the  office  of  post  chaplain  is  abolished,  and  the  officers  now 
holding  commissions  as  chaplains,  or  who  may  hereafter  be  appointed  chaplains,  shall  be  assigned 
to  regiments  or  to  the  corps  of  artillery.  Chaplains  may  be  assigned  to  such  stations  as  the  Secretary 
of  War  shall  direct,  and  may  be  transferred,  as  chaplains,  from  one  branch  of  the  service  or  from  one 
regiment  to  another  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  without  further  commission.  When  serving  in  the  field 
chaplains  shall  be  furnished  with  necessary  means  of  transportation  by  the  Quartermaster's  Depart- 
ment. 

******* 

"Sec.  39.  That  nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  held  or  construed  so  as  to  discharge  any  officer  from  the 
ivogular  Army  or  deprive  him  of  the  commission  which  he  now  holds  therein. 

*  *  *  *  *  *  * 

"Sec.  42.  That  all  laws  and  parts  of  laws  inconsistent  with  the  provisions  of  this  act  be,  and  the 
same  are  hereby,  repealed." 

Under  the  provisions  of  this  act  post  chaplains  aad  chaplains  of  the  four  colored  regiments  do  not 
lose  their  commission  and  need  not  be  reappointed.  The  office  of  post  chaplain  is  abolished,  but 
those  holding  commissions  as  such  are  still  chaplains  in  the  Army,  appointed  by  the  President,  by 
and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate,  and  it  is  evident  that  Congress  intended  that  all 
chaplains  holding  commission  at  the  date  of  the  passage  of  the  act  should  be  assigned  to  the  same 
duties  and  entitled  to  the  same  pay  and  allowances  as  chaplains  appointed  subsequent  to  the  date  of 
the  passage  of  the  act. 

The  chaplains  of  the  four  colored  regiments  having  been  already' assigned  to  these  regiments  and 
on  duty  therewith  need  not  be  reassigned  thereto.  "The  law  forces  no  one  to  do  vain  or  useless 
things."    The  particular  station  or  regiment  to  which  chaplains  shall  be  assigned  does  not  materially 


292  APPENDIX. 

affect  their  duties,  and  being  on  doty  from  the  date  of  the  passage  of  the  act  they  are  entitled  to  the 
rank,  pay,  and  allowances  of  chaplains  provided  for  by  said  act  from  its  date,  for  the  reason  that  no 
time  is  necessary  to  effect  the  change,  and  the  reorganization  goes  into  effect  at  once  as  to  these 
officers.  If  their  rank,  pay,  or  allowances  depended  upon  the  particular  station  to  which  they  were 
assigned,  then  this  rule  would  not  prevail  and  it  would  be  necessary  to  give  time  to  make  the  assign- 
ments.    (5  Comp.  Dec,  761,  763.) 

For  the  reasons  given  it  is  held  that  the  act  of  February  2,  1901,  siqyra,  as  to  all  chaplains  then  in 
the  service  goes  into  effect  at  the  date  of  its  passage,  and  that  the  post  chaplains  and  the  chaplains 
of  the  four  colored  regiments  are  included  within  its  provision  and  entitled  to  the  increased  pay 
therein  provided  for  from  that  date. 

I  will  now  consider  the  second  question. 

The  act  provides  that  chaplains  serving  in  the  field  shall  be  furnished  the  necessary  means  of 
transportation  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department. 

It  will  be  noted  that  while  Congress  provided  for  chaplains  of  infantry,  cavalry,  and  artillery,  it 
made  the  pay  and  allowances  that  of  a  captain  of  infantry  and  provided  that  the  Quartermaster's 
Department  should  furnish  the  necessary  means  of  transportation  for  the  only  service  wherein  it 
would  seem  that  the  chaplain  would  require  to  be  mounted. 

When  these  provisions  are  considered  together  they  indicate  that  Congress  intended  to  confine  the 
pay  and  allowances  of  chaplains  for  all  service  to  that  of  a  captain  of  infantry  and  that  when  per- 
forming service  where  they  would  require  to  be  mounted  they  should  be  furnished  with  the  means 
of  transportation  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  in  lieu  of  being  paid  mounted  pay. 

This  provision  as  to  transportation  applies  to  service  in  the  field  whether  the  officer  is  serving  with 
cavalry,  infantry,  or  artillery.  No  certificate  of  the  Secretary  of  War  or  department  commander 
could  give  chaplains  a  right  to  mounted  pay  for  such  service,  whether  serving  with  cavalry  or  other- 
wise, and  as  this  is  the  only  kind  of  service  that  they  would  be  engaged  in  that  would  necessarily 
require  them  to  be  mounted,  it  follows  that  Congress  inserted  this  provision  as  to  chaplains  as  a  sub- 
stitute for  all  other  laws  and  regulations  that  might  otherwise  be  held  to  give  them  a  right  to 
mounted  pay  for  service  where  they  are  required  to  be  mounted. 

It  is  therefore  held  that  chaplains  are  not  entitled  to  mounted  pay,  whether  serving  with  a  cavalry 
regiment  or  otherwise,  when  on  duty  tvhich  requires  them  to  be  mounted. 

Inclosures  are  herewith  returned. 

Respectfully,  R.  J.  Tracewell,  Comptroller. 

{Par.  50,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  41,  Nov.  4,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  information  respecting  the 
appointment  and  duties  of  chaplains  in  the  Army  and  regulations  established  by  the 
President  to  govern  the  examinations  of  candidates  for  such  appointments  are  pub- 
lished for  the  information  of  all  concerned: 

The  existing  laws  prescribe  the  following  requirements,  which  must  be  met  as 
preliminary  to  an  appointment  by  the  President  as  chaplain:  First,  that  the  candi- 
date is  a  regularly  ordained  minister  of  some  religious  denomination;  second,  that  he 
is  in  good  standing  in  such  denomination;  third,  that  he  is  recommended  for  appoint- 
ment by  some  authorized  ecclesiastical  body,  or  by  not  less  than  five  accredited 
ministers  of  the  same;  fourth,  that  he  shall  not  have  passed  the  age  of  40  years 
(unless  originally  appointed  in  the  volunteers  when  under  42  years  of  age);  and 
fifth,  that  he  shall  have  "passed  satisfactorily  such  examination  as  to  his  moral, 
mental,  and  physical  qualifications  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  President,"  unless 
he  has  demonstrated  such  qualifications  in  service  as  chaplain  during  the  war  with 
Spain.     {Sec.  1123,  R.  S.;  ads  Feb.  2  and  Mar.  2,  1901. ) 

The  duties  required  by  law  of  chaplains  are  that  they  shall  hold  appropriate 
religious  services  for  the  benefit  of  the  commands  to  which  assigned;  that  they  shall 
perform  appropriate  burial  services  at  the  burial  of  oflftcers  and  soldiers  who  may  die 
in  such  commands,  and  that  they  shall  give  instruction  to  the  enlisted  men  in  the 
common  English  branches  of  education.      {Sees.  1124,  1125,  R.  S.) 

EXAMINATION   OF   CANDIDATES. 

Boards  of  examination,  which  shall  include  at  least  one  medical  officer,  will  be 
appointed  by  the  Secretary  of  War  for  tlie  examination  of  candidates  who  may  be 
designated  by  the  President. 


APPENDIX.  293 

No  candidate  will  be  examined  who  is  not  a  citizen  of  the  United  States  or  who 
does  not  conform  to  the  preliminary  requirements  prescribed  by  law. 

The  examination  as  to  fitness  will  cover  physical,  educational,  and  professional  or 
clerical  qualifications. 

A  thorough  physical  examination  will  be  made  by  the  medical  meniber  or  mem- 
bers of  the  board  whose  certificate  shall  accompany  its  proceedings.  If  there  be 
found  to  exist  any  disqualification  that  might  impair  the  efficiency  of  the  candidate 
as  a  chaplain,  the  cause  thereof  will  be  fully  stated  in  the  certificate. 

The  examination  as  to  educational  and  professional  qualifications  will  include  the 
following  subjects: 

1.  Extent  of  school,  academic  or  collegiate,  and  theological  education. 

2.  Pastoral  work  as  clergyman. 

3.  Experience  in  teaching. 

4.  English  grammar  and  composition. 

5.  Writing  and  spelling. 

6.  Mathematics;  to  be  confined  to  elementary  operations  in  arithmetic,  with 
statement  of  the  candidate  as  to  what  knowledge,  if  any,  he  possesses  of  higher 
mathematics. 

7.  Geography,  particularly  in  reference  to  the  United  States. 

8.  History,  particularly  of  the  United  States,  and  outlines  of  general  history, 

9.  Constitutional  and  international  law. 

10.  Physiology  and  hygiene. 

In  awarding  marks  the  board  will  give  an  aggregate  weight  of  2,000,  to  be  dis- 
tributed and  attached  to  the  several  subjects  of  examination  as  follows: 

1.  Physical  examination 100 

2.  Attendance  at  schools  and  academies 100 

3.  Attendance  at  college 200 

4.  Attendance  at  theological  seminary 100 

5.  Pastoral  work  as  clergyman 300 

6.  Teaching 200 

7.  Writing  and  spelling 200 

8.  Mathematics 150 

9.  English  grammar  and  composition l .  200 

10.  Geography 150 

11.  History 150 

12.  Constitutional  and  international  law 100 

13.  Physiology  and  hygiene 50 

A  candidate  will  not  be  passed  by  the  board  who  shall  not  be  awarded  an  average 

of  65  per  cent  in  each  subject  of  examination,  excepting  attendance  at  a  college  and 
at  a  theological  seminary  and  experience  in  teaching  (numbered  3,  4,  and  6,  respec- 
tively), and  a  general  average  of  70  per  cent  in  the  subjects  other  than  those  excepted. 
{Art.  VIII,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  38,  Oct.  19,  1901.] 

*  *  *  *  ;|c  4;  * 

Officers  of  tlie  Atiny  appointed  therein  Jrom  officers  of  volunteers  are  not  entitled  to  leave  credits  wldcli  accrued 
to  them  hut  which  were  not  availed  of  during  their  volunteer  service. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  op  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  September  25, 1901. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  op  War. 

Sir:  I  have  received  by  your  authority  a  letter  dated  September  3, 1901,  from  the  Paymaster-General 
of  the  Army,  requesting  a  decision  as  to  whether  Capt.  W.  B.  Rochester,  paymaster.  United  States 
Army,  in  addition  to  leave  due  him  as  a  Regular  Army  officer,  is  now  entitled  to  leave  credits  at  full 
pay  that  accrued  to  him,  but  were  not  used,  while  serving  as  major  and  additional  paymaster, 


294  APPENDIX. 

United  States  Volunteers,  he  having  accepted  his  commission  as  major  and  ad  iitional  paymaster, 
United  States  Volunteers,  May  27, 1898,  and  honorably  discharged  June  12,  1901,  having  accepted  his 
commission  as  captain  and  paymaster.  United  States  Army,  May  31,  1901;  and  also  requesting  a  deci- 
sion in  the  cases  of  officers  discharged  from  the  volunteer  service  who  received  and  accepted  an 
appointment  in  the  Regular  Army  on  the  following  day,  whether  their  service  is  regarded  as  con- 
tinuous, and  they  are  entitled  as  Regular  Army  officers  to  leave  credijts  that  accrued  to  them  as  vol- 
unteer officers,  but  were  not  enjoyed  in  the  volunteer  service.  In  the  case  of  Paymaster  Rochester 
it  is  stated  that  the  service  from  May  27, 1898,  has  been  continuous  and  without  any  absence  from 
duty. 

The  two  cases  present  substantially  the  same  question  and  may  be  considered  together. 

Section  1265,  Revised  Statutes,  provides: 

"Officers  when  absent  on  account  of  sickness  or  wounds,  or  lawfully  absent  from  duty  and  await- 
ing orders,  shall  receive  full  pay;  when  absent  with  leave,  for  other  causes,  full  pay  during  such 
absence  not  exceeding  in  the  aggregate  thirty  days  in  one  year,  and  half  pay  during  such  absence 
exceeding  thirty  days  in  one  year.  When  absent  without  leave,  they  shall  forfeit  all  pay  during 
such  absence,  unless  the  absence  is  excused  as  unavoidable." 

The  act  of  July  29, 1876  (19  Stat.,  102),  provides: 

"That  an  act  approved  May  eighth,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy- four,  in  regard  to  leave  of 
absence  of  army  officers,  be,  and  the  same  is  hereby,  so  amended  that  all  officers  on  duty  shall  be 
allowed,  in  the  discretion  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  sixty  days'  leave  of  absence  without  deduction  of 
pay  or  allowance:  Provided,  That  the  same  be  taken  once  in  two  years:  And  provided  further,  That 
the  leave  of  absence  may  be  extended  to  three  months,  if  taken  once  only  in  three  years,  or  four 
months  if  taken  once  only  in  four  years." 

Section  1184,  Revised  Statutes,  provides  that— 

"When  volunteers  or  miutia  are  called  into  the  service  of  the  United  States,  and  the  officers  of  the 
Paymaster's  Department  are  not  deemed  by  the  President  sufficient  for  the  punctual  payment  of  the 
troops,  he  may  appoint,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate,  and  add  to  said  corps  as 
many  paymasters,  to  be  called  additional  paymasters,  with  the  rank  of  major,  not  exceeding  one  for 
every  two  regiments  of  volunteers  or  militia,  as  he  may  deem  necessary." 

Section  1185,  Revised  Statutes,  provides  that— 

"Ad iitional  paymasters  shall  be  retained  in  service  only  so  long  as  they  may  be  required  for  the 
payment  of  volunteers  and  militia,  as  provided  herein." 

The  act  of  April  22, 1898,  provided  for  temporarily  increasing  the  military  establishment  of  the 
United  States  in  time  of  war,  and  for  other  purposes.  It  is  therein  provided  that  in  time  of  war  the 
Army  shall  consist  of  two  branches  which  shall  be  designated,  respectively,  as  the  Regular  Army  and 
the  Volunteer  Army  of  the  United  States. 

Section  3  of  said  act  provides: 

"That  the  Regular  Army  is  the  permanent  military  establishment,  which  is  maintained  in  peace 
and  war  according  to  law." 

Section  4  of  said  act  provides: 

"That  the  Volunteer  Army  shall  be  maintained  only  during  the  existence  of  war,  or  while  war  is 
imminent,  and  shall  be  raised  and  organized,  as  in  this  act  provided,  only  after  Congress  has  or  shall 
authorize  the  President  to  raise  such  force  or  to  take  into  the  actual  service  of  the  United  States  the 
militia  of  the  several  States.    *    *    *" 

Section  12  of  said  act  provides: 

"That  all  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  Volunteer  Army,  and  of  the  militia  of  the  States  when 
in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  shall  be  in  all  respects  on  the  same  footing  as  to  pay,  allowances, 
and  pensions  as  that  of  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  corresponding  grades  in  the  Regular  Army." 

By  section  6  of  the  act  of  April  22,  1898,  sxipra,  it  is  provided  that  the  Volunteer  Army  when  called 
into  the  service  of  the  United  States  be  organized  under  and  subjected  to  the  laws,  orders,  and  reg- 
ulations governing  the  Regular  Army;  but  it  was  also  provided  in  said  section  that  the  officers  of 
certain  volunteer  organizations  enlisting  in  the  Volunteer  Army  in  a  body  should  when  thus  enlisted 
be  appointed  by  the  governors  of  the  States  and  Territories  to  which  such  organization  belonged,  and 
that  they  should  be  officers  of  corresponding  grades  in  the  same  organization  when  it  shall  have 
been  received  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  as  a  part  of  the  Volunteer  Army. 

By  the  act  of  April  25, 1898  (30  Stat.,  364),  war  was  declared  to  exist  between  the  United  States  and 
Spain,  and  for  the  purpose  of  prosecuting  said  war  the  President  was  authorized  to  raise  a  volunteer 
army  of  the  United  States. 

So  long  as  Captain  Rochester  was  major  and  additional  paymaster  in  the  Volunteer  Army,  as  above 
stated,  he  was  entitled  to  receive  for  such  service  the  same  pay  as  if  he  had  been  in  the  Regular  Army, 
but  the  Volunteer  Army  and  the  Regular  Army  are  separate  and  distinct,  and  his  service  in  one  is 
separate  and  distinct  from  his  service  in  the  other,  and  I  am  of  opinion  and  so  decide  that  after  his  serv- 
ice was  concluded  and  he  was  discharged  from  the  Volunteer  Army  and  he  had  accepted  an  appoint- 
ment in  the  Regular  Army  any  right  he  may  have  had  to  leave  of  absence  with  full  pay  during  his 
volunteer  service  could  not  be  recognized  or  taken  into  consideration  in  allowing  him  leave  of 
absence  with  full  pay  for  service  in  the  Regular  Army. 

The  two  services  were  separate  and  distinct,  from  one  of  which  he  has  been  discharged,  and  all  the 


A1>PEKDIX.  295 

rights  which  he  had  to  leave  of  absence  with  full  pay  as  an  officer  in  the  Volunteer  Army  ceased  with 
the  termination  of  that  service,  and  his  rights  to  leave  of  absence  with  full  pay  in  the  Regular  Army 
began  when  he  was  appointed  therein  in  all  respects  as  if  he  had  never  been  an  officer  in  the  Volun- 
teer Army.     {See  7  Comp.  Dec,  63;  6  Comp.  Dec,  711,;   United  States  v.  Sweeney,  157  U.  S.,  281.) 
What  I  have  already  said  will  serve  as  an  answer  to  both  of  your  questions. 
Respectfully, 

L.  P.  MiTCHKLL,  Assistant  Comptroller, 
{AH.  X,A.  R.) 

*  *  *  *  *  *  * 


[Cir.  47,  Dec.  21, 1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  con- 
cerned: 

An  enlisted  man  granted  a  furlough  for  the  purpose  of  accepting  a  commission  in  the  volunteer  service  who 
resumes  his  place  in  the  regular  establishment  within  three  montJis  from  the  time  of  his  muUer  out  and  dis- 
charge as  a  commissioned  officer  of  volunteers  is  entitled  to  count  all  the  time  served  as  "an  enlisted  man" 
as  continuous  service  for  the  purpose  of  computing  increase  of  pay  and  the  thirty  years  far  retirement,  biU 
the  time  served  as  "  a  commissioned  offi,cer"  can  not  be  counted  for  this  purpose. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  op  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  September  9, 1901. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  op  War. 

Sir:  By  your  direction  I  have  received  a  letter,  dated  September  3, 1901,  from  the  Adjutant-General 
United  States  Army,  as  follows: 

"  Philip  Powers,  an  ordnance  sergeant.  United  States  Army,  accepted  a  commission  as  first  lieutenant, 
Forty-second  Infantry,  United  States  Volunteers,  September  2, 1899,  and  was  granted  a  furlough  as  an 
enlisted  man  until  the  muster  out  of  the  organization.  At  the  date  he  accepted  his  commission  he  had 
completed  nineteen  years  eight  months  and  fifteen  days  continuous  service,  and  was  then  serving  under 
an  enlistment  of  three  years  commencing  December  17,  1897.  At  the  expiration  of  this  term,  Decem- 
ber 16, 1900,  he  was  discharged;  was  reenlisted  December  17,  1900,  and  his  furlough  continued.  On 
June  27, 1901,  he  was  mustered  out  of  the  service  as  a  first  lieutenant  of  the  Forty-second  Infantry, 
United  States  Volunteers,  and  resumed  his  duties  as  ordnance  sergeant.  United  States  Army,  and  is 
at  present  performing  said  duties. 

"In  a  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  of  April  27, 1901,  numbered  129,  it  was  held  that 
a  soldier  discharged  from  the  Army  to  accept  a  commission  in  the  volunteers,  who  reenlisted  within 
three  months  after  his  muster  out  of  the  volunteer  service,  is  entitled  to  count  all  service  as  an 
enlisted  man  as  continuous  service,  but  can  not  count  time  served  as  a  commissioned  officer  in  com- 
puting further  increase  of  pay  or  in  computing  thirty  years  of  service  for  retirement.  I  have  the 
honor  to  request  to  be  advised  as  to  whether  this  decision  is  applicable  to  the  case  of  the  soldier 
referred  to  above.    If  not,  what  is  his  status  as  to  continuous-service  pay?" 

The  record  of  Powers  as  furnished  by  the  Adjutant-General  is  peculiar  and  somewhat  anomalous, 
inasmuch  as  it  seems  to  place  him  in  the  status  of  an  enlisted  man  on  furlough  at  the  same  time  that 
he  is  serving  under  a  commission  duly  accepted  as  a  commissioned  officer. 

I  am  of  the  opinion,  however,  for  the  purpose  of  continuous-service  pay  and  in  computing  the  thirty 
years'  service  for  retirement,  his  status  is  the  same  as  if  he  had  been  promoted  or  discharged  Septem- 
ber 1, 1899,  to  accept  a  commission  in  the  volunteer  service  and  at  the  expiration  or  muster  out  of  his 
volunteer  service  he  had  enlisted  again  in  the  Regular  Army  Avithin  three  months. 

If  this  view  is  correct  the  case  of  Powers  comes  within  the  principle  of  the  decision  of  April  27, 1901, 
in  the  case  of  Andrew  J.  Smith,  Company  B,  Twenty-fifth  U.  S.  Infantry  (7  Comp.  Dec,  692),  so  that 
if  he  resumed  his  place  in  the  regular  establishment  within  three  months  from  the  time  of  his  mus- 
ter out  and  discharge  as  a  commissioned  officer  of  volunteers  he  is  entitled  to  count  all  the  time 
served  as  an  enlisted  man  as  continuous  service  for  the  purpose  of  computing  the  increase  of  pay  and 
the  thirty  years  for  retirement. 

The  time  served  as  a  commissioned  officer  can  not  be  counted  in  computing  further  increase  of  pay 
or  the  thirty  years'  service  for  retirement. 

Powers  can  not  be  regarded  as  having  served  as  an  enlisted  man  between  September  2, 1899,  the 
date  when  he  accepted  his  commission  as  first  lieutenant.  Forty-second  U.  S.  Volunteers,  and  June  27, 
1901,  the  date  of  his  muster  out  of  volunteers,  within  the  meaning  of  the  laws  relating  to  increase  of 
pay  for  length  of  service  and  for  the  purpose  of  retirement. 

As  explained  herein,  the  case  of  Powers  comes  within  the  principle  of  the  case  of  Smith,  cited 
above. 

Respectfully,  -^^""TTlS^^fc^  ^*  ^'  Mitchell, 

V  \  B  H  A  If  f-  ^^  Acting  Comptroller. 

iArt.  XVIL,  A.R.)  f  O^  TMt  ^ 

UNIVERSITY 


296  APPENDIX. 

[Cir.  4,  Jan.  16,  1902.] 

The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  infor- 
mation and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Time  lost  by  absence  without  leave. — The  requirement  of  paragraph  144  of  the 
Regulations  that  an  enlisted  man  upon  conviction  by  court-martial  shall  make  good 
the  time  lost  by  absence  without  authority  is  considered  legal  and  will  be  strictly 
adhered  to. 

{Par.  144,  A.  R.) 

******* 


[Cir.  5,  Jan.  23, 1902.] 


By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  con- 
cerned : 

A  soldier  discharged  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War  by  reason  of  his  own  misconduct,  and  stated  "not 
entitled  to  travel  allowances,"  does  not  thereby  forfeit  his  travel  allowances,  not  having  been  discharged  by 
way  of  punishment  for  an  offense,  under  section  1290,  Revised  Statutes,  nor  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of 
War  for  disability  caused  by  his  otvn  misconduct  {29  Stat.,  63).  The  amount  of  a  soldier's  indebtedness 
to  tlie  United  States  at  date  of  discharge  is  not  an  offset  against  his  travel  allotvances. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  August  26,  1901. 

Joseph  R.  White  appealed,  August  21, 1901,  from  the  action  of  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department 
in  settlement  No.  366545,  dated  July  24,  1901. 

He  claimed  pay  and  allowances  as  private.  Troop  F,  Eleventh  U.  S.  Cavalry. 

The  Auditor  disallowed  his  claim  as  follows; 

"The  amount  of  fines  imposed  by  sentences  of  summary  courts-martial  is  in  excess  of  pay  and 
clothing  that  would  otherwise  be  due.  Having  been  discharged  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War 
without  honor  for  his  own  misconduct,  no  travel  allowances  are  due." 

.Said  White  was  enlisted  April  9, 1901,  at  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  as  private  Troop  F,  Eleventh  United  States 
Cavalry,  and  was  discharged  July  5,  1901,  at  Fort  Myer,  Va.,  in  pursuance  of  paragraph  8,  Special 
Orders,  No.  154,  Adjutant-General's  Office,  1901,  which  reads  as  follows: 

"By  direction  of  the  Assistant  Secretary  of  War,  Private  Joseph  R.  White,  Troop  F,  Eleventh  Cav- 
alry, Fort  Myer,  Va.,  will  be  discharged  without  honor  from  the  Army  by  the  commanding  officer  of 
that  post,  by  reason  of  his  own  misconduct.    This  soldier  is  not  entitled  to  travel  pay." 

The  statement  in  the  order  that  he  is  not  entitled  to  travel  pay  does  not  deprive  him  of  any  rights 
he  may  have  under  the  law.  His  discharge  was  ordered  at  the  request  of  the  commanding  officer  of 
his  troop,  who  stated  that  in  his  opinion  the  man  was  worthless  and  that  his  retention  in  service  was 
a  useless  expense. 

He  was  not  discharged  by  reason  of  disability  caused  by  his  own  misconduct,  and  is  therefore  not 
deprived  of  travel  pay  by  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  March  16, 1896  (29  Stat.,  63).  No  specific  offense 
is  stated  as  the  cause  of  his  discharge. 

The  act  of  May  26,  1900  (31  Stat.,  210),  provides: 

"  That  hereafter  *  *  *  an  enlisted  man  when  discharged  from  the  service,  except  by  way  of 
punishment  for  an  offense,  shall  receive  4  cents  per  mile  from  the  place  of  his  discharge  to  the  place 
of  his  enlistment,  enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service." 

The  Judge-Advocate-General  of  the  Army  has  held: 

'  The  discharge  without  honor  is  not  a  punishment  *  *  *  ,  Not  being  a  discharge  '  by  way  of 
punishment  for  an  offense'  (sec.  1290,  Rev.  Stat.),  forfeiture  of  travel  pay  is  not  an  incident  of  it, 
{Digest  Opin.  J.  A.  G.,  Edition  of  1901,  sec.  1132.)" 

This  opinion  was  concurred  in  by  Assistant  Comptroller  Bowers  in  decision  dated  December  14, 1895. 

In  the  case  of  United  States  v.  Kingsley  (138  U.  S.,  87)  the  court  held  as  follows: 

"We  think  this  statute  contemplates  a  discharge  as  a  punishment  inflicted  by  the  judgment  of  a 
court-martial  or  other  military  authority,  for  a  specific  offense,  and  not  such  a  discharge  as  was  issued 
in  this  case,  for  unfitness  for  service  and  general  bad  character.  While  this  may  justify  the  proper 
authorities  in  ordering  the  discharge  of  a  soldier  as  a  worthless  member  of  the  service,  we  can  not 
consider  such  a  discharge  as  a  'punishment  for  an  offense '  within  the  meaning  of  the  statute." 


APPENDIX.  297 

As  it  does  not  appear  that  White's  discharge  was  a  punishment  for  any  specific  offense,  he  is  entitled 
to  travel  pay  from  place  of  discharge  to  place  of  enlistment. 

He  is  charged  with  $38.50  fines  imposed  by  sentences  of  summary  courts-martial,  an  amount  in 
excess  of  the  pay  and  clothing  allowances  due  him.  In  accordance  with  the  practice  of  the  Pay 
Department  and  the  accounting  officers  the  amount  of  his  indebtedness  on  this  account  is  not  an  off- 
set against  his  travel  pay. 

Upon  a  revision  of  the  above-described  account,  I  find  and  certify  a  difference  of  $18.16  due  from 
the  United  States  to  the  claimant,  being  travel  pay  from  Fort  Myer,  Va.,  to  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  454  miles, 
at  4  cents  per  mile. 

Appropriation:  Pay,  etc.,  of  the  Army,  1902.  To  be  paid  to  Joseph  R.  White,  soldier,  116  Madison 
alley,  NW.,  Washington,  D.  C,  — 


R.  J.  Tracewell,  Comptroller. 


{Pars.  151  and  162,  A.  R. 


[Cir.  38,  Oct.  19,  1901.] 

Decision  as  to  whether  a  soldier  discharged  Jor  disability  caused  by  venereal  disease  is  excluded  from  right 
to  travel  pay  by  the  act  of  March  16, 1896  {29  Stat,  63). 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  D.  C,  August  11,  1899. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  I  have  received  from  the  Paymaster-General,  by  your  direction,  a  request  for  a  decision  upon 
the  question  whether  a  soldier  discharged  for  disability  caused  by  venereal  disease  is  excluded  from 
a  right  to  travel  pay  by  the  act  of  March  16,  1896  (29  Stat.,  63). 

The  papers  submitted  consist  of  a  copy  of  an  indorsement  made  by  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Army 
March  19,  1898,  relative  to  the  case  of  Hamilton  Williams,  private.  Troop  K,  Ninth  United  States  Cav- 
alry, a  letter  from  Maj.  George  W.  Baird,  paymaster  of  the  Army,  to  the  Paymaster-General  of  the 
Army,  dated  June  20, 1899,  stating  his  views  as  to  what  is  to  be  regarded  as  misconduct,  and  the 
indorsement  thereon. 

It  does  not  appear  that  the  request  for  decision  has  any  reference  to  a  payment  to  be  made  to 
Williams,  and  no  specific  facts  in  any  case  are  submitted.  It  is  therefore  construed  to  be  a  request 
for  my  construction  of  the  act  of  Mafch  16,  1896,  to  be  used  as  a  guide  to  paymasters  in  the  matter  of 
paying  or  refusing  to  pay  travel  allowances  to  soldiers  discharged  for  disability  caused  by  venereal 
disease. 

In  his  indorsement  submitting  the  question  the  Acting  Paymaster-General  says: 

"It  has  been  the  custom  of  the  Pay  Department  to  take  the  view  that  travel  pay  is  not  forfeited  for 
such  a  disability  when  it  does  not  appear  on  final  statements  that  the  man  was  discharged  by  Secre- 
tary of  War  for  'disability  caused  by  his  own  misconduct.'  " 

Section  1290  of  the  Revised  Statutes  provides: 

"  When  a  soldier  is  discharged  from  the  service,  except  by  way  of  punishment  for  an  offense,  he 
shall  be  allowed  transportation  and  subsistence  from  the  place  of  his  discharge  to  the  place  of  his 
enlistment,  enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service.  The  Government  may  furnish  the  same 
in  kind,  but  in  case  it  shall  not  do  so  he  shall  be  allowed  travel  pay  and  commutation  of  subsistence 
for  such  time  as  may  be  sufficient  for  him  to  travel  from  the  place  of  discharge  to  the  place  of  his 
enlistment,  enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service,  computed  at  the  rate  of  one  day  for  every 
twenty  miles." 

Excepting  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  March  16,  1896,  and  except  during  the  period  from  June  22, 
1874,  to  February  26,  1877,  when  an  honorable  discharge  was  a  condition  precedent  to  payment  of 
travel  allowances  under  section  1290  of  the  Revised  Statutes  as  it  then  stood,  the  law  from  January 
29,  1813  (see  sec.  15,  act  of  January  29,  1813,  2  Stat.,  796),  to  the  present  time  has  been,  in  all  essential 
particulars,  as  it  now  stands  under  section  1290,  Revised  Statutes,  supra. 

Under  said  section  soldiers  discharged  for  a  disability  caused  by  venereal  diseases  have  uniformly 
been  heia  to  be  entitled  to  travel  allowances,  as  they  were  not  discharged  for  their  own  convenience 
nor  by  way  of  punishment  for  an  offense. 

This  fact  is  so  well  understood  that  citations  are  unnecessary. 

The  act  of  March  16,  1896  (29  Stat.,  63),  under  which  the  question  submitted  arises,  provides: 

"That  no  enlisted  man  discharged  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War  for  disability  caused  by  his 
own  misconduct  shall  be  entitled  to  the  travel  allowances  provided  for  in  section  1290,  Revised 
Statutes." 

Under  this  act  a  soldier  may  be  discharged  far  from  home  without  means  to  secure  transportation 
and  subsistence  to  his  home  or  to  the  place  of  his  enlistment  and  thus  subjected  to  a  severe  penalty. 

The  act  being  of  a  penal  nature  must  be  strictly  construed  and  not  extended  by  implication. 

"  The  general  words  of  a  penal  statute  shall  be  restrained  for  the  benefit  of  him  against  whom  the 
penalty  is  inflicted."— [Potter's  Dwarris,  p.  245.] 


S98  APPENDIX. 

Section  1342,  Revised  Statutes,  Article  IV,  provides  as  follows: 

"  No  enlisted  man,  duly  sworn,  shall  be  discharged  from  the  service  without  a  discharge  in  writing, 
signed  by  a  field  officer  of  the  regiment  to  which  he  belongs,  or  by  the  commanding  officer  when  no 
field  officer  is  present;  and  no  discharge  shall  be  given  to  any  enlisted  man  before  his  term  of  service 
has  expired,  except  by  order  of  the  President,  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  commanding  officer  of  a 
department,  or  by  sentence  of  a  general  court-martial." 

The  Secretary  of  War,  therefore,  is  not  the  only  officer  who  has  power  to  discharge  a  soldier  before 
his  term  of  service  has  expired. 

But  to  bring  a  soldier  within  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  March  16,  1896,  supra,  he  must  be  dis- 
charged by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War  for  a  disability  caused  by  his  own  misconduct. 

I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  law  requires  strict  compliance  with  all  of  three  conditions  to  deprive 
a  soldier  of  his  right  to  travel  allowances,  to  wit: 

1.  The  soldier  must  be  discharged  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War.  If  he  is  otherwise  discharged 
the  act  does  not  apply. 

2.  The  discharge  must  be  for  a  disability.  If  the  soldier  is  discharged  for  any  cause  other  than 
disability  the  act  does  not  apply  to  his  case. 

3.  The  disability  for  which  he  is  discharged  must  have  been  caused  by  his  own  misconduct.  If  the 
discharge  is  ordered  by  the  Secretary  of  War  for  a  disability,  the  act  can  not  apply  unless  the  dis- 
ability was  caused  by  the  soldier's  own  misconduct. 

Venereal  diseases  are  of  different  kinds  and  degrees.  They  may  or  may  not  amount  to  a  disability. 
They  are  usually  caused  by  misconduct,  but  not  always.  A  soldier's  disability  maybe  caused  by 
wounds  or  several  diseases,  including  venereal  disease,  but  the  venereal  disease  of  itself  may  not 
amount  to  a  disability. 

The  fact  that  a  soldier  has  a  venereal  disease  is  simply  a  matter  of  evidence  to  be  considered  by  the 
Secretary  of  War  in  determining  whether  the  soldier's  disability  was  caused  by  his  own  misconduct. 
The  fact  that  a  soldier  has  venereal  disease  is  strong  evidence  of  misconduct,  but  it  is  not  conclusive 
and  may  be  shown  to  have  been  contracted  innocently. 

I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  act  was  intended  by  Congress  to  vest  in  the  Secretary  of  War  exclusive 
jurisdiction  to  determine,  first,  the  disability  of  the  soldier;  second,  whether  such  disability  was 
caused  by  his  misconduct. 

If  such  disability  existed  and  has  been  caused  by  the  soldier's  misconduct  and  the  Secretary  so 
determines  and  orders  his  discharge,  then  the  act  deprives  the  soldier  of  travel  allowances. 

In  order  that  the  act  may  be  carried  into  effect,  and  in  order  that  it  may  not  be  applied  to  soldiers 
who  do  not  come  within  its  provisions,  it  is  suggested  that  the  finding  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  that 
the  soldier's  disability  was  caused  by  his  own  misconduct,  be  stated  in  the  order  for  discharge. 

A  statement  in  the  order  that  the  soldier  is  entitled  to  travel  allowances  after  the  Secretary  of  War 
has  determined  that  his  disability  was  caused  by  his  own  misconduct  and  has  ordered  his  discharge 
for  said  disability  is  in  violation  of  the  law  and  without  effect. 

If  the  statement  that  a  soldier  "is  entitled  to  travel  pay"  is  intended  to  mean  that  it  does  not 
appear  that  his  disability  was  caused  by  his  misconduct,  or  the  statement  "this  soldier  is  not  entitled 
to  travel  pay"  is  intended  to  mean  that  the  disability  was  caused  by  his  own  mioconduct,  the  lan- 
guage is  unhappily  "chosen,  for  it  relates  to  a  matter  not  within  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Secretary  of 
War,  and  does  not  determine  the  soldier's  rights,  in  respect  to  travel  allowances.  A  soldier  disabled 
by  venereal  diseases  may  be  discharged  by  a  department  commander  on  a  surgeon's  certificate  of 
disability  in  the  same  manner  as  on  a  surgeon's  certificate  of  disability  for  any  other  disease  or  for 
wounds,  and  on  such  discharge  the  soldier  is  entitled  to  travel  allowances  under  section  1290  of  the 
Revised  Statutes,  unless  the  Secretary  of  War  in  such  case  has  ordered  his  discharge  for  disability 
caused  by  his  own  misconduct. 

As  no  specific  case  was  presented,  this  reply  is  necessarily  general  in  its  nature. 

It  is  understood  that  the  question  submitted  relates  only  to  soldiers  discharged  before  they  have  a 
right  to  discharge  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  or  close  of  the  war. 
Respectfully,  yours, 

L.  P.  Mitchell,  Assistaiit  Comptroller. 
{Pars.  152  and  1421,  A.  R.) 
*  *  *  *  *  *  * 


[Cir.  2,  Jan.  6,  1902.] 

The  following  decisions  have  been  made  and  are  published  to  the  Army  for  the 
information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

When  contract  surgeons  shall  sign  final  statements. — In  the  absence  of  a 
commissioned  medical  officer  a  contract  surgeon  who  commands  a  detachment  of  the 
Hospital  Corps  will  prepare  and  sign  the  final  statements  pertaining  to  the  men  of 
his  detachment. 

{Pars.  153  and  1574,  A.  R.) 


APPENDIX.  ^99 

[G.  O.  15,  Feb.  12,  1902.] 
******* 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned,  in  connection  with  Paragraph  I, 
General  Orders,  No.  57,  April  24,  1901,  from  this  office: 

The  act  of  Congress  approved  March  2,  1901,  entitled  **  An  act  making  appropria- 
tion for  the  support  of  the  Army  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen 
hundred  and  two,"  published  in  General  Orders,  No.  26,  March  8,  1901,  from. this 
office,  provides  that  any  officer  or  enlisted  man  in  the  service  of  the  United  States 
who  was  discharged  in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  there  reentered  the  service  through 
commission  or  enlistment  shall,  when  discharged,  except  by  way  of  punishment  for 
an  offense,  receive  travel  allowances  from  the  place  of  his  discharge  to  the  place  in 
the  United  States  of  his  last  preceding  appointment  or  enlistment,  or  to  his  home  if 
he  was  appointed  or  enlisted  at  a  place  other  than  his  home. 

The  place  of  home  will  be  decided  by  the  military  authorities  from  the  records  in 
their  possession,  and  if  the  records  do  not  establish  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  officer 
who  prepares  the  final  statements  the  fact  that  the  home  of  any  soldier  was  not  the 
place  of  his  enlistment,  then  such  officer  will  prepare  the  final  statements  on  the 
assumption  that  the  soldier's  home  was  at  the  place  of  his  last  preceding  enlistment 
in  the  United  States,  leaving  the  soldier  to  establish  his  claim  that  it  is  elsewhere 
before  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department. 

{Pars.  153  and  1562,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  22,  June  20,  1902.] 

The  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  of  all  concerned: 

1.  Notwithstanding  the  fact  that  paragraph  1529,  Army  Regulations,  1901,  clearly 
sets  forth  that  continuous-service  pay  at  the  rate  of  $2  per  month  shall  be  paid  only 
**to  enlisted  men  who  have  served  continuously  for  a  longer  period  than  five  years," 
instances  have  been  observed  where  officers  in  determining  the  eligibility  of  a  soldier 
for  discharge,  under  that  portion  of  paragraph  156,  Army  Regulations,  1901,  which 
reads,  "A  soldier  serving  in  a  second  or  any  other  enlistment,  but  not  receiving  con- 
tinuous-service or  reenlisted  pay,  is  not  debarred  from  discharge  by  purchase,"  have 
failed  to  make  the  distinction  between  ''continuous-service  pay  "  and  the  ''additional 
pay  "  authorized  in  section  1281  of  the  Revised  Statutes,  which  provides  that  in  addi- 
tion to  the  regular  pay  of  an  enlisted  man  $1  shall  be  added  for  the  third  year  of 
enlistment,  $  1  more  for  the  fourth  year,  and  another  dollar  for  the  fifth  year  of  con- 
tinuous service,  making  in  all  a  $3  increase  during  the  fifth  year. 

The  Secretary  of  War,  therefore,  desires  to  call  attention  to  the  fact  that  "contin- 
uous-service pay"  in  the  sense  in  which  that  term  is  used  in  paragraph  156,  Army 
Regulations,  is  the  pay  defined  in  paragraph  1529,  Army  Regulations,  and  is  not  to 
be  confounded  with  the  "additional  pay"  allowed  in  third,  fourth,  and  fifth  years 
of  continuous  service  under  section  1281  of  the  Revised  Statutes. 

2.  In  this  connection  attention  is  invited  to  the  following: 

A  soldier  who  has  been  honorably  discharged  from  the  Army  after  serving  a  full 
enlistment  of  three  years,  or  a  portion  thereof,  and  again  enlists  within  three  months 
thereafter  shall  be  eligible  to  apply  for  the  privilege  of  purchasing  his  discharge 
during  the  second  year  of  such  reenlistment  and  until  he  shall  have  completed  five 
years'  service,  when  the  privilege  ceases.  The  purchase  price  in  the  first  month  of 
the  second  year  of  such  reenlistment  will  be  $120,  and  $5  less  during  each  succeeding 
month  of  the  period  of  eligibility. 

{Pars.  156,  1528,  and  1529,  A.  R.) 


300  APPENDIX. 

[Cir.  27,  Aug.  3,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

Officers  and  enlisted  men  discharged  from  the  Army  and  civilian  ex-employees  not 
in  the  insular'service  who  have  remained  in  the  Philippine  Islands  with  a  view  to 
entering  into  private  pursuits  there  and  who  apply  for  permits  for  their  families  to 
travel  on  Government  transports  from  San  Francisco,  must  forward  their  applications 
through  the  commanding  general,  Division  of  the  Philippines,  for  transmission  to 
the  War  Department,  with  his  recommendations. 

Officers,  soldiers,  and  civilian  employees  who  were  discharged  from  the  service  in 
the  United  States  and  who  apply  for  permits  to  travel  on  Governmeirt'  transports 
from  San  Francisco  to  the  Philippine  Islands,  should  send  their  applications  to  the 
Quartermaster-General  U.  S.  Army,  AVashington,  D.  C 

In  all  cases  the  applicant  should  set  forth  in  detail  his  record  of  service  and  the 
reasons  for  desiring  to  go  to  the  Philippines,  and  whether  or  not  he  has  a  definite 
object  in  view  or  merely  hopes  to  find  employment  after  arrival. 

Persons  availing  themselves  of  permission  to  travel  on  Government  transports  will 
pay  the  fixed  charges  in  advance  before  the  sailing  of  the  ship,  and  those  who  accept 
transportation  for  themselves  or  their  families  will  do  so  with  the  expressed  under- 
standing that  no  obligation  rests  with  the  Government  to  furnish  return  transportation 
and  that  return  transportation  will  not  be  requested  or  expected  by  them  in  any 
event. 

Applications  will  receive  favorable  consideration  only  when  they  conform  to  the 
foregoing  requirements,  including  the  waiver  of  return  transportation,  and  persons 
who  do  not  pay  the  fixed  charges  as  stated  above  will  not  be  ;permitted  to  sail. 

{Par.  159,  A.  B.) 


[Cir.  25,  June  30, 1902.] 

I.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army 
for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

A  question  having  arisen  as  to  the  meaning  and  scope  of  the  words  "constant 
labor  for  not  less  than  ten  days,"  employed  in  paragraph  183,  Army  Regulations,  the 
matter  was  referred  to  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department,  who  decided  as  follows 
(435418— A.  G.  O.): 

An  enlisted  man  employed  on  extra  duty  appears  to  be  entitled  to  extra-duty  pay  if  he  is  continu- 
ously employed  for  not  less  than  ten  days.  Whether  or  not  the  entire  ten  days  is  in  the  same  month  is 
not  material.  When  a  man  is  mustered  and  paid  for  less  than  ten  days'  service,  however,  it  is  essen- 
tial that  that  voucher  should  show  prior  or  subsequent  service  suflficient  to  make  ten  days'  continuous 
extra  duty. 

{Par.  183,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  29,  Aug.  28,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decisions  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  are  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all 
concerned : 

4«-  *  *  -x-  *  *  * 

The  two  dollar  per  month  certificate  oj  merit  pay  granted  a  soldier  for  distinguished  service  is  payable  dur- 
ing his  military  service  whether  as  an  officer  or  enlisted  man. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  March  19,  1901. 
Lieut.  Col.  Geo.  W.  Baird, 

(Through  Paymaster-General  U.  S.  Army.) 
Sir:  I  have  by  reference  of  the  Paymaster-General,  dated  August  27,  1900,  your  letter  dated  August 
24, 1900,  requesting  an  advance  decision  upon  the  claim  of  First  Lieut.  Thomas  Ryan,  Fortieth  Infan- 
try, United  States  Volunteers,  referred  to  in  said  letter  as  follows: 
"Referring  to  section  1285,  Revised  Statutes,  which  provides  that  a  soldier  who  has  received  a 


APPENDIX.  301 

certificate  of  merit  from  the  President  shall  be  entitled  to  '  additional  pay  at  the  rate  of  $2  per  month 
while  he  remains  continuously  in  the  service,'  I  have  the  honor  to  inclose  herewith  the  pay  account 
of  First  Lieut.  Thomas  Ryan,  Fortieth  Infantry,  United  States  Volunteers,  who  claims  this  additional 
pay  because  of  certificate  of  merit. 

"I  have  the  honor  to  request  to  be  informed  whether  the  additional  amount  is  due  to  him  while 
he  is  serving  as  a  commissioned  officer." 

The  following  indorsement  by  the  Paymaster-General  appears  on  said  letter: 

' '  Respectfully  forwarded  to  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  for  decision,  as  requested  by  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Baird. 

"The  services  of  First  Lieut.  Thomas  Ryan,  Fortieth  United  States  Volunteer  Infantry,  are  as  fol- 
lows: Troop  H,  Sixth  Cavalry,  enlisted  January  7,  1885;  discharged  January  6,  189(^  Troop  K.  J^irst 
Cavalry,  reenlisted  February  4, 1890;  discharged  February  3,  1895.  Troop  K,  First  Cavalry,  reenlisted  ' 
February  4,  1895;  discharged  February  3,  1898.  Troop  K,  First  Cavalry,  reenlisted  February  4,  1898; 
on  furlough  since  September  1,  1899,  while  holding  commission  in  Volunteer  Army.  Certificate  of 
merit  granted  June  24,  1899.  Appointed  first  lieutenant,  Fortieth  United  States  Volunteer  Infantry, 
August  17, 1899;  accepted  commission  September  2, 1899,  and  is  now  serving  as  such  while  on  furlough 
from  Troop  K,  First  Cavalry. 

"  Section  1285,  Revised  Statutes,  referred  to  by  Lieutenant-Colonel  Baird,  has  been  amended  by  act 
of  Congress  approved  February  9, 1891,  published  in  General  Orders,  No.  19,  Adjutant-General's  Office, 
1891,  to  read  as  follows: 

"  '  Sec.  1285.  A  certificate  of  merit  granted  to  an  enlisted  man  for  distinguished  service  shall  entitle 
him,  from  date  of  such  service,  to  additional  pay  at  the  rate  of  $2  per  month  while  he  is  in  the  mili- 
tary service,  although  such  service  may  not  be  continuous.'  " 

Prior  to  the  passage  of  the  act  of  February  9, 1891  (26  Stat.,  737),  above  quoted,  certificates  of  merit 
for  distinguished  service  were  granted  only  to  private  soldiers.  The  term  enlisted  man  was  not  incor- 
porated in  the  law  until  the  passage  of  this  act.  In  the  administration  of  the  law  as  it  stood  prior  to 
the  act  of  February  9,  1891,  supra,  a  private  who  had  been  granted  a  certificate  of  merit  for  distin- 
guished service  and  who  was  subsequently  appointed  a  noncommissioned  officer,  was  held  to  be 
entitled  to  the  additional  pay  of  two  dollars  ($2)  per  month  while  serving  as  such  noncommissioned 
officer.    (Digest  Second  Comp.,  vol.  1,  sees.  1328, 1329.) 

The  Court  of  Claims  in  the  case  of  Bell  v.  United  States  (28  C.  Cls.,  462,  464)  held  that  a  private  sol- 
dier who  had  received  a  certificate  of  merit  for  distinguished  service  and  who  subsequently  enlisted 
as  a  general-service  messenger  under  the  act  of  July  29, 1886  (24  Stat.,  166) ,  was  entitled  to  the  addi- 
tional pay  of  f2  per  month  while  so  serving,  notwithstanding  said  act  provided  that  said  general- 
service  messengers  should  receive  no  other  compensation,  pay,  or  allowances  than  that  specified  in 
that  act.  The  main  question  considered  in  this  case  was  whether  a  general-service  messenger  was  in 
the  military  service  as  required  by  section  1285  of  the  Revised  Statutes.  The  point  that  these  general- 
service  messengers  were  entitled  to  no  other  compensation,  pay,  or  allowances  than  that  specified  in 
the  act  was,  however,  also  raised  and  decided  as  follows: 

"It  is  further  contended  on  the  part  of  the  defendants  that  the  claimant  can  not  recover  because 
the  act  prescribes,  in  section  2,  a  monthly  compensation  of  860  for  each  of  the  men  enlisted  as  '  gen- 
eral-service messengers'  and  an  annual  salary  tor  'general-service  clerks,'  and  in  the  same  section 
provides  that  they  '  shall  receive  no  other  compensation,  pay,  or  allowance,  except  when  on  duty 
when  necessity  requires,  they  shall  each  be  allowed  for  subsistence  one  ration  in  kind  to  be  issued 
by  the  Commissary  Department.' 

"It  is  hardly  a  reasonable  construction  to  hold  that  this  provision  for  the  pay  of  general-service 
clerks  and  general-service  messengers  was  intended  to  repeal  the  special  provision  for  additional 
pay  allowed  by  Revised  Statutes,  section  1285,  to  enlisted  men  who  receive,  under  section  1216,  cer- 
tificates of  merit  for  having  distinguished  themselves  in  the  service.  It  is  more  in  accord  with  the 
canons  of  construction  to  hold  that  this  prohibition  against  receiving  any  other  pay  and  allowances 
applies  only  to  those  numerous  general  provisions  of  the  Revised  Statutes  on  the  subject  relating  to 
the  Army  in  Title  XIV,  chapter  3,  entitled  'Pay  and  allowances'  (sees.  1261-1308,  p.  219).  Bell  v. 
United  States  (28  C.  Cls.,  462,  464.)" 

The  Attorney-General,  in  construing  the  early  act  on  this  subject,  held  that  it  should — 
"be  construed  liberally  in  the  spirit  in  which    *    *    *    enacted,  not  pinched  and  narrowed  as  penal 
statutes. 

"The  statute  enacts  that  when  any  private  soldier  shall  distinguish  himself  the  President  may 
grant  him,  on  the  recommendation  of  the  commanding  officer  of  the  regiment,  a  certificate  of  merit 
which  shall  entitle  him  to  additional  pay  at  the  rate  of  $2  per  month.  The  merit  is  in  the  soldier, 
the  certificate  is  to  the  man;  the  merit  and  the  certificate  thereof  are  attached  to  the  man;  the  addi- 
tional pay  of  $2  per  month  is  in  regard  of  the  man  and  of  the  services  which  he  performs  monthly, 
and  not  of  the  paper  which  he  signed  at  this  time  or  at  that  by  which  he  engaged  to  serve."  (5  Op. 
Att.  Gen.,  400,  401.) 

The  right  to  the  additional  pay  attaches  from  the  date  of  the  performance  of  the  distinguished 
service,  and  the  certificate  of  merit  is  only  the  legal  and  statutory  evidence  that  confirms  his  right  to 
payment.  The  statute  provides  that  it  shall  continue  while  he  is  in  the  military  service  and  does 
not  undertake  to  say  in  what  grade  he  shall  serve  while  in  such  service.  A  liberal  construction  of 
the  statute  prohibits  us  from  reading  into  the  act  a  limitation  as  to  the  grade  in  which  he  shall  serve 
unless  such  limitation  arises  by  necessary  implication.    There  is  nothing  in  the  act  to  indicate  that 


302  APPENDIX. 

Congress  intended  to  use  the  term  military  service  in  any  other  than  its  broad  and  comprehensive 
sense.  If  Congress  had  intended  that  it  should  be  used  in  a  limited  sense  it  would  have  been  easy 
for  it  to  have  added  to  the  term  "military  service"  as  such  enlisted  men.  Not  having  done  so  such  a 
limitation  should  not  be  imported  into  the  statute  by  construction. 

I  therefore  hold  that  Lieutenant  Ryan  is  entitled  to  two  dollars  ($2)  per  month  additional  pay 
from  the  date  of  his  distinguished  service  in  the  military  service,  whether  as  a  commissioned  officer 
or  an  enlisted  man. 

Respectfully,  R.  J.  Tracewell, 

Comptroller. 
{Pars.  198  and  1546,  A.  R.) 

*  *  *  *  *  *  ^       * 


[Cir.  48,  Dec.  27,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  con- 
cerned : 
An  enlisted  man  who  has  received  a  certificate  of  merit  for  distinguished  service  is  entitled  to  be  paid  the 

whole  of  it  so  long  as  he  remains  in  the  military  service  of  the  United  States,  either  upon  the  active  or 

retired  list. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

December  II,,  1901. 

Joseph  Sudsburger  appealed  November  4, 1901,  from  the  action  of  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Depart- 
ment in  settlement  No.  371174,  dated  October  15, 1901. 

He  claimed  the  difference  between  fl.50  and  $2  per  month  for  certificate  of  merit  from  November 
13,  1895,  the  date  of  his  retirement  as  an  ordnance  sergeant,  U.  S.  A.,  to  the  date  of  filing  his  applica- 
tion with  the  Auditor,  which  was  Qctober  7,  1901. 

The  Auditor  disallowed  his  claim,  as  follows: 

"He  is  entitled  to  but  three-fourths  of  two  dollars  per  month  for  certificate  of  merit  from  date  of 
his  retirement  and  has  received  the  same  in  full." 

This  will  be  treated  as  a  determination  of  claimant's  rights  by  the  Auditor  to  the  date  of  latter's 
settlement.  , 

The  claimant  was  retired  as  ordnance  sergeant,  U.  S.  A.,  November  13,  1895,  and  is  still  borne  as 
such  on  the  retired  list  of  the  Army. 

By  the  Auditor's  settlement  No.  343648,  dated  October  25,  1900,  the  claimant  was  allowed  the  sum 
of  $454.86,  being  pay  for  certificate  of  merit  from  September  27, 1878,  to  November  12, 1895,  at  $2  per 
month,  $411;  from  November  13,  1895,  to  June  30,  1897,  at  $1.50  per  month,  $29.35,  and  travel  pay 
additional,  $14.51. 

The  claimant  has  accepted  payment  of  the  amount  allowed  by  the  Auditor,  and  he  is  thereby  pre- 
cluded from  obtaining  a  revision  of  such  settlement  as  to  the  items  on  which  payment  has  been 
accepted.  Besides,  even  though  payment  had  not  been  accepted,  the  claimant  would  be  precluded 
from  obtaining  a  revision  of  said  settlement,  because  the  application  for  revision  was  not  filed  in  this 
office  within  a  year  from  the  date  of  the  settlement.    (See  section  8,  act  of  July  31, 1894,  28  Stat.,  208.) 

By  army  paymasters  the  claimant  has  received  additional  pay  for  certificate  of  merit  from  July  1, 
1897,  to  the  date  of  the  Auditor's  settlement,  October  15, 1901,  at  the  rate  of  $1.50  per  month. 

I  have  this  day  held  in  an  advance  decision  rendered  at  the  request  of  Lieut.  Col.  G.  W.  Baird,  post 
paymaster,  that  an  enlisted  man  who  has  received  a  certificate  of  merit  for  distinguished  service  is 
entitled  to  be  paid  the  additional  pay  of  $2  per  month,  as  provided  in  section  1285,  Revised 
Statutes,  as  amended  by  the  act  of  February  9,  1891  (26  Stat.,  737),  so  long  as  he  remains  in  the  mili- 
tary service  of  the  United  States,  either  upon  the  active  or  retired  list  of  the  Army. 

In  accordance  with  said  decision  the  claimant  is  entitled  to  and  will  be  paid  the  additional  pay  for 
certificate  of  merit  at  the  rate  of  $2  per  month  from  July  1,  1897,  to  October  15,  1901,  date  of  Audi- 
tor's settlement,  less  the  amount  of  $1.50  per  month,  which  has  been  paid  by  army  paymasters. 

Upon  a  revision  of  the  abpve-described  account  (settlement  No.  371174),  from  the  period  for  July  1, 
1897,  to  October  15, 1901,  I  find  and  certify  a  difference  of  $25.75  due  to  claimant  from  the  United 
States,  being  additional  pay  from  July  1,  1897,  to  October  15,  1901,  at  the  rate  of  $2  per  month, 
$103,  less  $77.25,  the  amount  received  at  $1.50  per  month. 

Appropriation: 
Pay,  etc.,  of  the  Army,  1899,  and  prior  years $12.00 

To  be  reported  to  Congress  and  payable  when  an  appropriation  shall  have  been  made. 

Pay,  etc.,  of  the  Army,  1900 $6.00 

Pay,  etc.,  of  the  Army,  1901.. 6.00 

Pay,  etc.,  of  the  Army,  1902 1.75 

To  be  paid  to  Joseph  Siidsburger,  927i  F  street  SW.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

L.  P.  Mitchell,  Assistant  Comptroller. 
{Pars.  198  and  1546,  A.  R.) 


APPENDIX.  303 

[Cir.  22,  Ju^y  2,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  con- 
cerned : 

Veterinarians  authorized  under  act  February  2,  1901.    Leave  status  same  as  officers  of  tlie  Army  to  whom 

their  pay  and  allowances  are  assimilated  since  date  of  said  act.    Leave  prior  to  act  need  not  be  considered 

in  computing  deductions. 

Treasury  Department, 

Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasure; 

Washington,  June  7,  1901. 
Lieut,  Col.  G.  W.  Baird. 

(Through  office  of  Paymaster-General,  U.  S.  Army.) 

Sir:  I  am  in  receipt  of  your  letter  of  April  25,  1901,  requesting  a  decision  on  certain  questions  as  to 
the  right  of  John  B.  Gilpin,  veterinarian  Sixth  U.  S,  Cavalry,  to  pay  while  on  leave  of  absence  on 
his  pay  account  for  March  and  April,  1901,  presented  to  you  for  payment. 

"It  appears  that  said  Gilpin  was  appointed  veterinary  surgeon  Sixth  U.  S.  Cavalry,  June  20,  1898, 
accepted  appointment  June  24,  1898,  and  served  as  such  until  August  3,  1899,  when  he  accepted  an 
appointment  as  veterinarian,  second  class,  same  regiment.  He  served  in  that  capacity  until  February 
2, 1901,  when  the  grade  of  veterinarian,  second  class,  was  abolished  by  act  of  Congress,  and  since 
which  date  he  served  as  veterinarian  under  the  provisions  of  that  act  up  to  April  30,  1901,  on  which 
date  he  was  discharged  on  tender  of  resignation. 

"He  has  had  the  following  leaves  of  absence  during  his  service:  From  March  31  to  April  30,  1899; 
from  December  31,  1899,  to  February  28,  1900,  and  from  March  14  to  April  30,  1901." 

The  following  questions  are  submitted  for  decision: 

"1.  Whether  the  entire  service  of  Veterinarian  Gilpin  is  to  be  counted  in  estimating  his  claim  for 
full  pay  while  on  his  present  leave,  and  if  not  the  entire  period  of  service,  what  period? 

"2.  Whether  all  the  leave  hitherto  enjoyed  by  him  is  to  be  deducted  from  whatever  period  of 
leave  on  full  pay  he  is  entitled  to? 

"3.  For  what  period  is  he  entitled  to  leave  on  full  pay  and  for  what  period  on  half  pay  on  his 
present  leave?" 

The  act  of  March  3,  1863  (12  Stat.,  737),  provided— 

"  *  *  *  each  regiment  shall  have  one  veterinary  surgeon,  with  the  rank  of  a  regimental  sergeant- 
major,  whose  compensation  shall  be  $75  per  month." 

The  status  and  compensation  of  veterinary  surgeons  remained  as  fixed  by  that  act  until  March  2, 
1899. 

In  a  decision  of  the  Second  Comptroller  dated  May  25,  1880  (vol.  42,  p.  652),  it  was  held — 

"In  the  absence  of  regulations  upon  the  subject  it  is  the  opinion  of  this  office  that  a  veterinary 
surgeon,  while  on  leave,  is  entitled  to  full  pay  unless  the  leave  has  been  granted  upon  condition 
that  it  should  be  without  pay  or  with  less  than  the  full  amount  of  pay.  The  pay  of  veterinary  sur- 
geons being  fixed  by  statute,  it  would  seem  that,  so  long  as  a  person  is  a  veterinary  surgeon,  his 
pay  can  not  be  withheld,  in  whole  or  in  part,  whether  he  actually  performs  service  or  not,  unless 
because  of  his  consent,  or  because  it  is  forfeited,  diminished,  or  lost  in  consequence  of  some  provision 
of  law  or  regulation  made  in  pursuance  of  law." 

This  decision  appears  to  be  well  founded  and  has  been  uniformly  followed  by  the  Pay  Department 
and  the  accounting  officers. 

The  act  of  March  2,  1899  (30  Stat.,  977),  provides— 

"That  each  regiment  of  cavalry  shall  consist  of  *  *  *  two  veterinarians.  *  *  *  Of  the 
veterinarians  provided  for  in  this  act,  one  shall  have  the  pay  and  allowances  of  a  second  lieutenant 
of  cavalry  and  one  shall  have  the  pay  of  $75  per  month  and  the  allowances  of  a  sergeant-major." 

Under  the  act  of  March  2,  1899,  veterinarians  of  the  second  class  are  entitled  to  the  pay  of  $75  per 
month  and  the  allowances  of  a  sergeant-major. 

As  the  allowances  of  enlisted  men  are  not  dependent  upon  the  performance  of  duty  and  are  not 
subject  to  stoppage  on  account  of  absence  with  leave,  the  allowances  of  veterinarians  of  the  second 
class  being  made  by  law  the  same  as  those  of  sergeant-major,  must  be  equally  independent  as  regards 
the  performance  of  duty. 

The  decision  of  the  Second  Comptroller  above  quoted  applies  to  veterinarians  of  the  second  class 
under  the  act  of  March  2,  1899,  as  well  as  to  veterinary  surgeons  under  the  act  of  March  3, 1863,  and 
relieves  them  from  any  stoppage  of  pay  proper  on  account  of  absence  with  leave. 

Section  20  of  the  act  of  February  2,  1901  (71  Stat.,  753),  provides— 

"That  the  grade  of  veterinarian  of  the  second  class  in  cavalry  regiments.  United  States  Army,  is 
hereby  abolished  and  hereafter  the  two  veterinarians  authorized  for  each  cavalry  regiment  and  the 
one  veterinarian  authorized  for  each  artillery  regiment  shall  receive  the  pay  and  allowances  of 
second  lieutenant  mounted." 

By  this  act  the  pay  and  allowances  of  veterinarians  are  assimilated  to  the  pay  and  allowances  of 
second  lieutenants  mounted.  An  officer  is  entitled  to  full  pay  while  on  leave  of  absence,  other  than 
sick  leave,  only  when  such  leave  does  not  exceed  thirty  days  in  any  one  year.  For  any  period  in 
.excess  of  the  leave  thus  allowed  he  is  entitled  only  to  one-half  his  regular  pay  and  allowances. 


304  APPENDIX. 

I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  veterinarians  provided  for  by  the  act  of  February  2, 1901,  supra,  are 
officers  within  the  meaning  of  said  act  with  respect  to  their  being  subject  to  the  same  limitations  as 
to  pay  and  allowances  during  leaves  of  absence  as  the  officers  to  whom  their  pay  and  allowances  are 
assimilated. 

As  the  act  of  February  2,  1901,  abolished  the  grade  previously  held  by  Gilpin,  and  as  his  service 
after  the  passage  of  that  act  was  in  a  different  grade,  and  as  the  rules  governing  payment  during 
leave  of  absence  are  different  for  the  grades,  I  think  his  services  should  be  considered  separately  for 
the  purpose  of  determining  his  rights  to  pay  while  on  leave  of  absence. 

For  the  reasons  stated  above  I  am  of  the  opinion  and  so  decide— 

1.  That  in  determining  his  right  to  pay  while  on  leave  only  the  period  of  hisservice  from  February 
2, 1901,  to  the  date  of  his  discharge  should  be  counted. 

2.  That  he  should  only  be  charged  with  the  leave  taken  by  him  since  February  2,  1901. 

Your  third  question  is  sufficiently  covered  by  the  above  decisions  on  the  first  and  second  questions, 
and  your  payment  to  Veterinarian  Gilpin  will  be  governed  by  the  rules  therein  set  forth. 

L.  P.  Mitchell, 


{Art.  XXVI,  A.  K) 


Assistant  Comptroller. 


[Cir.  29,  Aug.  28,  1901.] 

*  *  ^  *  *  *  * 

Veterinarians  authorized  under  act  of  February  ^,  1901,  entitled  to  increased  pay  for  length  of  service. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  Jidij  29,  1901. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  I  have  by  your  order,  per  indorsement  of  the  Adjutant-General  of  July  22,  1901,  the  following 
letter  from  Lieut.  Col.  G.  W.  Baird,  under  date  of  July  11,  1901: 

"I  have  the  honor  to  state  that  Veterinarians  Gerald  E.  Griffin,  Fifth  Cavalry,  and  Daniel  Le  May, 
Seventh  Cavalry,  have  each  made  a  claim  for  service  pay.  As  appears  from  inclosed  records  obtained 
from  the  Adjutant-General's  Office,  Gerald  E.  Griffin  served  as  veterinary  surgeon.  Seventh  Cavalry, 
from  September  17,  1889,  until  August,  1898,  when  he  accepted  appointment  as  veterinarian  of  the 
first  class,  Seventh  Cavalry,  under  which  appointment  he  still  serves.  His  service  has  been  contin- 
uous since  September  17, 1889. 

"Daniel  Le  May  was  appointed  veterinary  surgeon,  First  Cavalry,  May  26,  1886,  accepted  appoint- 
ment May  30,  and  his  resignation  was  accepted  October  31,  1886.  He  was  appointed  veterinary 
surgeon  of  the  Seventh  Cavalry  August  26,  1889,  accepted  appointment  September  2,  1889,  and  has 
served  continuously  to  date. 

"In  the  decision  of  the  Comptroller  dated  October  31,  1900,  published  in  Circular  No.  47,  Head- 
quarters or  the  Army,  it  is  held  that  a  veterinarian  is  entitled  to  include  his  period  of  service  as  an 
enlisted  man  in  the  computation  of  his  pay. 

"  I  have  the  honor  to  request  to  be  informed  what  percentage  of  increased  pay  the  veterinarians 
named  are  entitled  to  upon  the  facts  submitted,  and  when  such  increase  began  in  the  case  of  each. 
"Please  return  the  inclosed  with  the  decision  requested. 

"Respectfully,  G.  W.  Baird, 

"  Lieut.  Col.,  D.  P.  M.  G.,  Chief  Disbursing  Officer.'' 

You  request  my  decision  on  the  questions  as  follows: 

1.  What  percentage  of  increased  pay  are  the  veterinarians  named  entitled  to  upon  the  facts  stated? 

2.  When  did  such  increased  pay  begin  in  each  case? 
The  act  of  February  2,  1901  (31  Stat.,  748),  provides: 

"Sec.  1.  That  from  and  after  the  approval  of  this  act  the  Army  of  the  United  States,  including  the 
existing  organization,  shall  consist  of  fifteen  regiments  of  cavalry    *    *    * 

"Sec.  2.  That  each  regiment  of  cavalry  shall  consist  of    *    *    *    ;  two  veterinarians    *    *    *   " 
******* 

"Sec  20.  That  the  grade  of  veterinarian  of  the  second  class  in  cavalry  regiments,  United  States 
Army,  is  hereby  abolished,  and  hereafter  the  two  veterinarians  authorized  for  each  cavalry  regiment, 
and  one  veterinarian  authorized  for  each  artillery  regiment,  shall  receive  the  pay  and  allowances  of 
a  second  lieutenant,  mounted." 

It  appears  from  the  facts  stated  that  Gerald  E.  Griffin  served  as  a  veterinary  surgeon  for  eight  years, 
eleven  months  and  one  day,  and  as  veterinarian  of  the  first  class  for  two  years  ten  months  and  one 
day,  to  June,  1901,  the  date  of  his  letter.    He  is,  therefore,  serving  in  his  third  five  years. 

Daniel  Le  May  has  served  as  veterinary  surgeon  of  the  Seventh  United  States  Cavalry  for  eleven 
years,  nine  months,  and  nineteen  days,  and  as  veterinary  surgeon  in  the  First  United  States  Cavalry 
for  five  months  and  one  day.    He  is,  therefore,  serving  in  his  third  five  years. 


APPENDIX.  305 

If  they  are  entitled  to  count  time  of  service  as  veterinary  surgeons  and  as  veterinarians,  they  would 
appear  to  be  entitled  to  the  same  percentage  of  increased  pay. 

Veterinary  surgeons  and  veterinarians  are  a  part  of  the  Army  of  the  United  States,  made  so  by  the 
various  acts  providing  for  their  appointment. 

(See  sec.  1102,  R.  S.;  sec.  2,  act  of  March  2, 1899;  30Stat.,  977;  and  act  of  February  2, 1901, 31  Stat.,  748.) 

Their  service  is  therefore  actual  service  in  the  Army,  although  not  as  an  officer  or  enlisted  man,  and 
if  they  are  entitled  to  longevity  pay  such  service  may  be  counted  in  computing  it.  United  States  v. 
Morton  (112  U.S.,  1,  7).    • 

In  the  case  of  Gerald  E.  Griffin,  a  veterinarian  who  was  entitled  under  the  act  of  March  2, 1899  (30 
Stat.,  977,  978),  to  "the  pay  and  allowances  of  a  second  lieutenant  of  cavalry,"  it  was  held  that  "he" 
(was)  "entitled  to  take  credit  for  prior  service  as  an  enlisted  man  in  the  Army  in  computing  his 
pay."  (7  Comp.  Dec,  201.)  The  only  question  considered  in  this  decision  was  the  righrTb  TOunt 
service  as  an  enlisted  man,  as  that  was  the  only  prior  service  shown,  but  upon  the  principle  of  the 
decision  in  the  case  of  United  States  v.  Morton,  supra,  he  is  entitled  to  count  service  as  a  veterinary 
surgeon  or  as  a  veterinarian  also. 

The  act  of  February  2, 1901,  supra,  abolished  the  grade  of  veterinarians  of  the  second  class,  and  gave 
each  of  the  veterinarians  provided  for  the  pay  and  allowances  of  a  second  lieutenant,  mounted. 

Both  of  the  veterinarians,  on  the  facts  stated,  are  serving  in  their  third  five  years'  service,  and  unless 
they  have  had  prior  service  that  should  also  be  counted,  they  are  entitled  to  the  same  percentage  of 
increased  pay,  viz,  the  pay  of  a  second  lieutenant,  mounted,  in  the  third  five  years  of  his  service. 

The  act  of  March  2,  1899  (30  Stat.,  977),  is  the  first  act  that  provides  that  a  veterinarian  of  the  first 
class  shall  have  the  pay  and  allowances  of  a  second  lieutenant  of  cavalry,  and  as  Gerald  E.  Griffin 
was  a  veterinarian  of  the  first  class  from  the  date  of  the  passage  of  this  act,  his  increased  pay  begins 
at  that  date. 

The  act  of  February  2,  1901  (31  Stat.,  753),  changed  the  pay  and  allowances  of  Veterinarian  Daniel 
Le  May  to  ^hat  of  a  second  lieutenant,  mounted,  and  he  is  entitled  to  the  increased  pay  from  this  date. 

The  inclosures  are  herewith  returned. 

Respectfully,  R.  J.  Tracewell, 

Comptroller. 

{Art  XXVI,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  30,  Aug.  29,  1801.] 

The  following  decision  of  the  Secretary  of  War  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the 
information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Veterinarians  are  not  competent  to  sit  as  members  of  courts-martial  or  perform  any 
of  the  duties  which  are  expressly  required  by  law  to  be  performed  by  commissioned 
officers.  As  their  status  is  assimilated  to  that  of  commissioned  officers,  however, 
they  are  eligible  for  detail  as  members  of  boards  of  survey,  or  councils  of  administra- 
tion, and  may  when  no  commissioned  officer  is  available  serve  as  exchange  officers  or 
post  treasurers,  and  may  witness  payments  to  enlisted  men. 

{Art.  XXVI,  A.  R.,  Pars.  319  and  791,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  89,  June  25,  1901.] 

The  following  order  from  the  War  Department  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the 
information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

War  Department,  Washington,  June  17, 1901. 

By  sections  195  and  196  of  the  Revised  Statutes  the  heads  of  the  Executive  Departments  are  required 
to  submit  to  Congress  at  the  commencement  of  each  regular  session  a  report  which  shall  embrace  the 
transactions  of  the  preceding  year,  and  with  the  exception  of  the  Department  of  Justice  to  furnish 
to  the  Congressional  Printer  copies  of  the  documents  usually  accompanying  their  annual  report  on 
or  before  the  1st  of  November  in  each  year,  and  a  copy  of  their  annual  report  on  or  before  the  third 
Monday  of  November  in  each  year. 

To  enable  the  Secretary  of  War  to  comply  with  the  law  it  is  essential  that  all  reports  of  subordinate 
bureaus  and  military  commands  be  in  his  hands  at  such  timely  date  as  will  permit  their  harmonious 
arrangement  as  a  basis  for  his  review  of  the  operations  of  the  year  and  recommendations  for  the 
future.    To  this  end  the  following  rules  will  be  carefully  observed: 

All  reports  will  cover  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  and,  as  a  rule,  will  terminate  with  that  date. 
Should  military  conditions  after  June  30  require  later  information  supplemental  reports  will  be 
promptly  forwarded  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

22778—03 20 


806  APPENDIX. 

Division  and  department  commanders  will  have  their  .innual  reports  in  the  hands  of  the  Adjutant- 
General  not  later  than  September  1.  These  reports  will  be  in  printed  form  of  the  same  measure  as  the 
general  orders  from  the  Headquarters  of  the  Army,  and  will  embrace  a  report  of  military  operations 
during  the  year,  fully  setting  forth  the  conditions  generally  in  their  commands  and  be  accompanied 
by  the  reports  of  their  various  staff  officers  and  reports  of  important  military  operations  of  subordinate 
commanders.  These  reports  to  be  as  brief  and  succinct  as  possible,  avoiding  duplications  and  prolixity 
of  statement.  The  reports  of  division  commanders,  while  reviewing  the  operations  of  departments 
under  their  command,  will  not  include  a  reprint  of  the  reports  of  such  -department  commanders. 
Twenty  printed  copies  will  be  sent  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

The  reports  of  the  military  governors  of  the  Philippines  and  Cuba  will  be  in  printed  form  of  the 
same  size  as  above  prescribed  for  the  reports  of  division  and  department  commanders,  and  must  be 
in  the  hands  of  the  Secretary  of  War  not  later  than  October  1. 

The  reports  of  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army,  of  the  heads  of  bureaus,  of  the  Board  of 
Ordnance  and  Fortification,  of  the  Commissioners  of  the  National  Military  Parks,  of  the  inspection 
of  the  National  Homes  for  Disabled  Volunteer  Soldiers  required  by  act  of  August  18, 1894,  of  the 
Board  of  Commissioners  of  the  Soldiers'  Home  of  the  District  of  Columbia  and  of  the  inspection 
of  the  Soldiers'  Home  of  the  District  of  Columbia  required  by  act  of  March  3, 1883,  and  of  the  Super- 
intendent of  the  Military  Academy  will  be  rendered  in  manuscript,  and  must  be  in  the  hands  of  the 
Secretary  of  War  not  later  than  October  1. 

Illustrations  to  accompany  reports  should  be  limited  in  number  and  confined  to  those  that  are 
directly  related  to  the  text  and  necessary  to  its  clear  understanding.  To  enable  the  Public  Printer 
to  produce  the  best  results  they  will  be  sent  in  their  original  form.  Maps,  plans,  and  drawings 
intended  to  be  lithographed  to  be  on  tracing  linen  or  drawing  paper,  photographs  to  be  the  best 
possible  prints  from  the  negatives,  and  no  photo-engraving  or  lithographic  work  will  be  ordered 
without  special  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Elihu  Root,  Secretary  of  War. 
{Par.  311,  A.R.) 


[G.  O.  47,  May  31,  1902.] 
*  *  *  *  *  *  * 

II.  The  following  order  from  the  War  Department  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

War  Department,  Washington,  May  29,  1902. 
The  attention  of  officers  in  command  of  military  departments  nnd  commands  in  the  field,  and  of 
chiefs  of  bureaus  of  the  War  Department,  is  called  to  the  inexpediency  of  the  practice  which  has 
recently  grown  up  of  printing  in  full  the  reports  of  subordinate  commanders,  staff  officers,  and 
others,  as  appendices  to  annual  reports.  The  mass  of  documents  thus  collected  and  printed  has 
become  so  great  that  the  mere  bulk  of  the  reports  prevents  their  being  read  or  consulted  and  involves 
very  great  expense  for  practically  useless  printing. 

Commanding  officers  of  military  departments  and  commands  in  the  field,  and  chiefs  of  bureaus, 
will  be  expected  hereafter  to  give  in  their  own  reports  such  resume  of  the  reports  of  their  subordi- 
nates and  such  expressions  on  the  important  features  of  those  reports  as  they  deem  wise,  and  they 
alone  will  henceforth  be  printed,  the  manuscript  reports  of  subordinate  commanders,  staff  officers, 
and  others,  unless  of  special  professional  value,  being  simply  filed  in  the  office  of  the  officer  making 
the  report  for  reference  and  action. 

The  instructions  published  in  General  Orders,  No.  89,  June  25,  1901,  Adjutant-General's  Office,  for 
the  preparation  of  annual  reports  are  modified  accordingly. 

Elihu  Root,  Secretary  of  War. 
{Far.  ni,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  35,  Oct.  7, 1901.] 

The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  infor- 
mation and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

Adjutant-general  of  a  department — title  of  detailed  line  officer. — An  officer 
of  the  line  detailed  as  assistant  adjutant-general  under  the  act  of  Congress  approved 
February  2,  1901,  and  assigned  to  duty  as  adjutant-general  of  a  geographical  depart- 
ment, should  in  signing  orders  and  communications  use  the  title  "Major  of  Cavalry 
(Artillery  or  Infantry),  Adjutant-General,"  the  title  of  the  office  to  which  he  is 
assigned  under  paragraph  214  of  the  Regulations  being  adjutant-general  and  not 
assistant  adjutant-general. 

tPar.  214,  A.  R. ) 


.   APPENDIX.  307 

[G.  O.  118,  Sept.  4, 1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned,  in  connection  with  the  provisions  of 
General  Orders,  No.  81,  June  13,  1901,  from  this  office,  creating  artillery  districts: 

The  station  of  the  district  commander  will  be  the  headquarters  of  the  district;  his 
staff  will  consist  of  two  officers  of  not  higher  rank  than  captain  (usually  one  captain 
and  one  lieutenant)  selected  from  the  available  artillery  officers  on  duty  in  his 
district. 

The  records  of  an  artillery  district  will  consist  of  an  order  book;  a  letters-feceTved 
book  and  index  for  letters  received;  a  letters-sent  book  and  index  for  letters  sent;  all 
orders,  circulars,  and  instructions  from  higher  authority;  extract  copies  of  the 
monthly  returns  of  posts  in  the  district;  muster  rolls  of  the  field,  staff,  and  band; 
all  correspondence,  returns,  and  reports  relating  to  fire  control  and  artillery  efficiency. 

Commanding  officers  of  posts  serving  in  artillery  districts  will  furnish  an  extract 
copy  of  so  much  of  the  post  returns  as  includes  the  artillery  part  of  their  commands 
direct  to  the  district  commander. 

Commanding  officers  of  batteries  and  companies  of  artillery  not  serving  in  artillery 
districts  will  forward  all  reports  and  returns  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army 
through  military  channels,  with  the  exception  of  the  monthly  returns,  which  will 
be  sent  direct,  in  compliance  with  General  Orders,  No.  15,  Adjutant-General's  Office, 
February  13, 1901. 

{Pars.  227,  367,  and  408,  A.  R.) 


[G.  0.137,  Oct.  22,1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  for  the 
information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

The  commanding  officer  of  each  battery  of  guns  or  mortars  at  a  seacoast  fortification 
will  keep  an  emplacement  book,  in  which  will  be  entered  the  following  information: 

Full  range  tables  adapted  to  height  of  guns,  data  required  at  the  range  finder,  and 
other  desirable  information. 

The  tactical  numbers  of  the  guns  or  mortars,  followed  by  the  factory  and  carriage 
number. 

All  letters  sent  or  received  which  pertain  solely  to  the  armament  or  the  emplace- 
ment; all  orders  in  force  relating  to  care  and  service  of  same. 

All  defects  noted  in  guns  or  equipment,  with  statement  of  action  taken,  and  when 
and  what  repairs  or  alterations  were  effected. 

The  foregoing  record  will  be  kept  in  blank  books  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's 
Department. 

{Par.  227,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  6,  Feb.  18,  1902.] 
*  *  *  *  *  *  * 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  attention  of  all  officers  is  called  to  the 
excessive  requests  made  upon  the  War  Department  for  record  books,  books  of  instruc- 
tion, and  blank  forms,  which  in  many  cases  indicate  not  alone  a  lack  of  care  in  the 
preparation  of  such  requisitions,  but  also  in  the  use  and  preservation  of  the  books 
and  blanks  furnished.  Only  such  quantities  of  these  supplies  will  hereafter  be  called 
for  as  the  actual  needs  of  the  public  service  require,  and  officers  must  give  their  per- 
sonal attention  to  the  proper  care  and  use  of  books  and  blanks  furnished  them. 


308  APPENDIX. 

In  making  requisitions  the  quantity  on  hand  will  be  deducted  from  the  quantity 
required,  as  in  the  case  of  other  public  property,  and  the  period  for  which  supplies 
are  desired  will  be  stated,  which  should  not  exceed  six  months  and  for  recruiting 
purposes  not  for  more  than  three  months. 

{Pars.  221,  294,  and  1761,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  37,  Oct.  18,  1901.1 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  colors  of  the  former  regiments  of 
artillery  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  for  preservation. 
The  guidons  of  the  former  light  batteries,  when  replaced  by  new  regulation  guidons, 
will  be  disposed  of  as  provided  in  paragraph  249  of  the  Regulations  of  1901. 

{Pars.  247  and  249,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  7,  Feb.  27,  1902.] 

The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  informa- 
tion and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

There  is  no  reason  for  a  departure  from  the  invariable  rule  that  there  should  be 
but  one  commanding  officer  at  a  post,  who  should  be  held  responsible  for  the  com- 
plete instruction  and  efficiency  of  his  command,  no  matter  of  how  many  branches 
of  the  service  the  garrison  is  composed. 

The  duties  of  subordinate  commanders  are  well  defined,  and  it  is  the  express  duty 
of  the  commanding  officer  to  see  that  they  are  carried  out,  even  if  he  may  not  have 
the  technical  knowledge  of  all  the  details  pertaining  to  each  particular  branch,  as 
the  Medical  Department,  the  Signal  Corps,  the  Engineer  Corps,  or  the  Artillery 
Corps. 

Long-established  practice  has  shown  the  wisdom  of  the  rule,  and  it  requires  no 
argument  to  show  that  to  exempt  the  artillery  from  its  application  would  be  at  the 
risk  of  harmony — would  divide  responsibility  and  impair  efficiency.  Even  under 
the  latitude  of  paragraph  436  of  the  Regulations,  which  exempts  the  artillery  from 
certain  post  duties,  well-founded  complaints  have  sometimes  been  engendered,  and 
to  extend  it  so  as  to  practically  make  a  quasi-independent  command  in  a  post  would 
tend  to  w^eaken,  not  strengthen,  the  hand  of  the  post  commander. 

When  two  or  more  field  batteries  are  serving  at  a  post  of  different  arms  of  the 
service  there  can  be  no  objection  to  a  provisional  battalion  of  artillery  ''for  maneu- 
vers and  instruction,"  the  same  as  prescribed  for  infantry  and  cavalry,  without  sep- 
arate headquarters  or  distinctive  records,  and  all  under  the  immediate  control  of  the 
post  commander,  and  to  the  detail  for  these  purposes  of  an  adjutant  and  sergeant- 
major  by  the  battalion  commander! 

{Pars.  254  and  436,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  8,  Mar.  7,  1902.] 

The  following  decision  published  for  the  information  of  all  concerned: 
Officer!?  schools  at  posts. — The  "officers'  schools  at  posts,"  prescribed  in  para- 
graph 5,  General  Orders,  No.  155,  November  27,  1901,  from  this  office,  replace  and 
supersede  the  lyceums  referred  to  in  paragraph  257  of  the  Regulations,  which  are 
discontinued  as  separate  institutions.  The  requirement  in  said  order  that  "all  cap- 
tains of  the  line  of  less  than  ten  years'  service, ' '  with  certain  exceptions,  shall  par- 
ticipate in  the  work  of  the  schools  applies  to  captains  having  less  than  ten  years' 
service  as  commissioned  ofl&cers  in  the  Regular  Army. 


APPENDIX.  309 

The  books  required  for  use  in  the  officers'  schools  other  than  those  published  by 
the  Government  and  distributed  by  the  War  Department  must  be  provided  by  the 
individual  officers  concerned. 

{Par.  257,  A.  R.) 

******* 


[G.  O.  157,  Dec.  2,  1901.]  ^ 

*  *  *  *  *  *  * 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  vinegar  cruets  are  added  to  the  list  of  mess 
furniture  to  be  supplied  to  troops  under  the  provisions  of  General  Orders,  No.  7, 
January  29,  1895,  from  this  office,  and  the  allowance  is  fixed  in  the  proportion  of 
eight  cruets  to  each  one  hundred  men. 

(Par.  316,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  13,  Apr.  15,  1901.] 

The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  infor- 
mation and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

Company  fund. — In  the  organization  of  the  new  companies  of  Coast  Artillery, 
specified  in  General  Orders,  No.  25,  February  28,  1901,  from  this  office,  a  prorata 
share  of  the  fund  of  each  old  company  will  be  transferred  to  the  new  one  with  which 
its  enlisted  personnel  divided. 

[Pai'.331,A.R,) 


[Cir.  25,  July  15,  1901.] 

The  following  decision  of  the  Secretary  of  War  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the 
information  and  guidance  or  all  concerned : 

Commutation  of  fresh  vegetables. — A  primary  duty  of  the  Subsistence  Depart- 
ment is  to  supply  to  troops  the  articles  of  the  ration  in  hind  wherever  it  is  practicable 
to  do  so.  Chief  commissaries  are  not  authorized,  in  the  absence  of  post  gardens 
(A.  R.  354  of  1901),  to  produce  a  dearth  of  fresh  vegetables  at  a  post  by  not  contract- 
ing for  a  supply  of  the  same  and  thus  give  rise  to  claims  by  troops  for  commutation 
under  paragraph  1384,  Army  Regulations  of  1901.  The  preference  of  the  post  for 
commutation  should  not  waive  the  duty  of  the  Subsistence  Department  in  the 
premises. 

{Pars.  354  and  1384,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  5,  Jan.  23,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the 
information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Post  exchanges,  as  now  constituted,  having  been  recognized  as  Government  agen- 
cies by  the  Treasury  Department  and  by  the  Court  of  Claims  to  the  extent  of  exempting 
them  from  the  payment  of  internal-revenue  taxes  (Dugan  v.  United  States,  34  Court 
of  Claims,  458),  the  prohibition  heretofore  imposed  by  Circular  No.  12,  November  21, 


310  APPENDIX. 

1895,  from  this  office,  against  the  use  of  penalty  envelopes  in  conducting  correspond- 
ence of  post  exchanges,  is,  with  the  consent  of  the  Postmaster-General,  modified  so  as 
to  permit  the  use  of  penalty  envelopes  by  officers  in  charge  of  post  exchanges  for  all 
correspondence  relating  to  the  conduct  of  the  business  thereof. 
{Art.  XXXIX,  A.  R,  and  Par.  908,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  9,  Mar.  14,  1902.] 

There  being  an  accumulation  of  surplus  subsistence  stores  at  New  York  City,  San 
Francisco,  CaL,  and  Vancouver  Barracks,  Wash.,  rendered  so  by  the  reduction  of  the 
forces  in  the  Philippines,  authority  is  hereby  granted  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  until 
the  end  of  the  fiscal  year,  for  the  purchase  and  sale  at  a  fair  profit,  by  post  exchanges, 
of  such  stores,  as  well  as  of  stores  rendered  obsolete  by  Circular  No.  4,  Office  of  the 
Commissary-General,  of  June  13,  1901. 

The  provisions  of  paragraph  11,  Post  Exchange  Regulations  (General  Orders,  No. 
5,  February  2,  1901,  from  this  office),  are  modified  accordingly.  A  list  of  stores  thus 
available  for  sale  w  ill  be  furnished  to  post  exchanges. 

{Art.  XXXIX,  A.  K) 


[Cir.  13,  Apr.  4,  1902.] 


The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  infor- 
mation and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

Stoppage  of  pay  of  enlisted  men  for  debt  due  the  post  exchange. — The  pro- 
visions of  ijaragraph  363  of  the  Regulations,  as  amended  by  General  Orders,  No.  90, 
June  26,  1901,  from  this  office,  in  regard  to  stoppage  of  pay  of  enlisted  men  for  debts 
due  the  post  exchange,  only  authorize  the  settlement  of  such  debts  by  the  paymaster 
when  making  payments  to  enlisted  men.  Such  debts  can  only  be  collected  from 
any  balance  due  the  soldier  after  stoppages  for  debts  due  the  United  States  and  for 
forfeitures  by  sentences  of  courts-martial  have  been  satisfied. 

{Far.  363,  A.  E.) 


[G.  0.25,  June  30,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all 
concerned: 

The  amount  due  the  post  exchange  by  a  deceased  soldier  is  a  debt  and  constitutes  a  proper  claim  against  his 
estate,  and  may  be  legally  deducted  from  the  pay  and  allowances  due  the  same. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  June  U,  1902. 
The  Secretary  of  War  appealed  June  7, 1902,  from  the  action  of  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department 
In  settlement  No.  378979,  dated  March  25,  1902,  of  the  claim  of  O.  F.  Snyder,  second  lieutenant. 
Eighteenth  United  States  Infantry,  post  exchange  officer,  Fort  Duchesne,  Utah,  for  amount  due  the 


iLpPENBlX.  311 

post  exchange  at  said  place  by  Reuben  S.  Dunn,  late  a  private  of  Company  H,  Fifth  United  States 
Cavalry,  and  Walter  L.  Farrar,  late  a  private  of  Company  I,  Eighteenth  United  States  Infantry,  both 
deceased. 

The  Auditor  disallowed  the  claim,  as  follows: 

"  Under  existing  laws,  a  soldier's  indebtedness  to  a  post  exchange  is  not  a  lien  against  his  pay; 
hence,  unless  such  indebtedness  be  collected  from  the  soldier  during  his  lifetime,  the  post  exchange 
has  no  legal  claim  against  the  United  States  for  the  amount  thereof,  and  the  accounting  officers  are 
not  authorized  to  allow  such  indebtedness  from  the  amount  due  the  soldier's  estate." 

According  to  the  final  statements  issued  in  the  case  of  Dunn  he  was  indebted  to  the  post  exchange 
at  the  time  of  his  death  in  the  sum  of  $4  and  in  the  case  of  Farrar  $3.  Dunn's  father  has  received  by 
settlement  of  the  Auditor  the  balance  of  pay  due  the  soldier  at  the  date  of  his  death,  no  deduction 
being  made  by  the  Auditor  on  account  of  the  soldier's  indebtedness  to  the  post  exchange.  In  the 
case  of  Farrar  no  settlement  of  the  balance  due  at  the  date  of  his  death  has  been  made  to  anyone. 

In  a  decision  of  this  office  dated  June  14,  1901  (MSS.  Dec,  vol.  17,  p.  1378),  it  was  held  that  stoppage 
against  pay  of  an  enlisted  man  justly  indebted  to  the  post  exchange  not  to  exceed  the  amount  of 
credit  authorized  by  the  Exchange  Regulations  might  be  legally  made  and  the  amount  collected  by 
the  paymaster,  and  by  him  turned  over  to  the  proper  exchange  officer.  This  office  in  said  decision 
quoted  with  approval  the  decision  of  the  Court  of  Claims  (34  Ct.  Cls.,  458),  and  the  Judge- Advocate- 
General  of  the  Army  (par.  1384  et  al.,  opinion  J.  A.  G.,  1901),  to  the  effect  that,  inasmuch  as  the  post 
exchange  is  established,  maintained,  and  managed  under  special  regulations  prescribed  by  the 
Secretary  of  War,  it  became  an  agency  or  instrumentality  of  the  Government,  and  this  being  so,  the 
Government  had  a  right  to  protect  it,  even  to  the  extent  of  stopping  the  pay  due  enlisted  men  to 
reimburse  the  funds  of  the  exchange  for  indebtedness  contracted  by  them.  On  the  basis  of  my 
decision  the  Secretary  of  War  amended  paragraph  363,  Army  Regulations,  1901,  to  read  as  follows: 

"  Post  exchanges  are  established  and  maintained  under  special  regulations  prepared  by  the  War 
Department.    These  special  regulations  will  be  issued  from  time  to  time  as  necessity  may  demand. 

"The  amount  of  indebtedness  of  a  soldier  to  a  post  exchange  contracted  in  accordance  with  such 
regulations  will  be  noted  on  the  muster  roll  for  the  next  succeeding  month  and  be  deducted,  if 
practicable,  from  his  pay  by  the  paymaster  making  the  payment  and  turned  over  to  the  post  exchange 
officer,  who  will  duly  receipt  to  the  paymaster  and  the  soldier  for  the  amount  so  received.  In  case 
of  discharge  of  a  soldier  the  amount  of  any  such  indebtedness  will  be  noted  on  the  final  statements 
and  in  like  manner  be  deducted  from  payment  made  thereon." 

On  March  17, 1902,  the  Assistant  Adjutant-General,  United  States  Army,  addressed  a  communication 
to  the  commanding  officer  of  Troop  H,  Fifth  United  States  Cavalry,  at  Denver,  Colo.,  as  follows: 

"Referring  to  your  letter  of  the  19th  ultimo,  requesting  the  opinion  of  the  Judge- Advocate-General 
of  the  Army  as  to  whether  an  account  of  a  deceased  soldier  owed  to  the  post  exchange  is  a  proper 
claim  against  the  estate  of  the  soldier,  I  have  the  honor  to  inform  you  that  upon  reference  to  the 
Judge-Advocate-General  he  has  remarked  as  follows: 

"  '  The  post  exchange  has  been  held  to  be  a  Government  instrumentality  for  the  purpose  of  provid- 
ing for  the  subsistence  and  welfare,  good  order,  and  discipline  of  the  Army.  (Dig.  Opins.,  J.  A.  G., 
sec.  2013,  and  decision  of  Court  of  Claims  in  the  Dugan  case,  cited  in  note  thereto).  In  accordance  with 
this  view,  it  has  been  held  that,  the  Government  having  the  right  to  protect  its  instrumentalities,  stop- 
pages may  legally  be  made  to  reimburse  the  post-exchange  fund  onaccountof  losses  for  which  offictirs 
and  enlisted  men  are  responsible.  (Idem,  sec.  2012).  I  am  clearly  of  the  opinion  that  the  amount  due 
by  a  deceased  soldier  to  a  post  exchange  is  a  debt  and  constitutes  a  proper  claim  against  the  estate. 
Moreover,  I  am  of  opinion  that  it  should  be  held  that  the  amount  due  the  post  exchange  may  legally 
be  deducted  from  the  pay  and  allowances  due  the  estate.  It  is  thought  that  this  would  follow  from 
the  right  of  the  Government  to  protect  its  instrumentality,  and  for  this  purpose  the  debt  should  be 
treated  as  though  it  were  due  the  United  States.' 

"  It  is  therefore  suggested  that,  basing  action  upon  the  opinion  of  the  Judge-Advocate-General, 
as  above  cited,  you  file  claim  with  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department  in  the  case  you  have  in 
hand," 

I  concur  in  the  above  opinion  of  the  Judge- Advocate-General. 

In  the  case  of  Dunn,  the  Auditor  having  paid  the  balance  due  to  his  heirs,  it  is  now  too  late  for  the 
post  exchange  to  seek  payment  of  its  claim  through  the  accounting  officers,  and  the  post  exchange 
must  look  to  the  heirs  of  soldier  for  settlement  of  its  claim. 

Upon  a  revision  of  the  above  account  I  find  and  certify  a  difference  of  $3  due  to  the  post  exchange 
at  Fort  Duchesne,  Utah,  from  the  amount  owing  by  the  United  States  to  the  estate  of  Walter  L.  Farrar, 
deceased,  which  will  be  withheld  from  the  amount  otherwise  due  the  estate  of  said  soldier  and  paid 
to  the  proper  officer  of  said  post  exchange,  and  hereafter  where  stoppage  in  favorof  the  post  exchange 
is  noted  on  the  rolls  or  final  statements  and  no  adjustment  of  it  has  been  made  by  a  paymaster,  the 
Auditor  will  ascertain  whether  it  is  a  proper  charge,  and  if  he  finds  that  it  is  the  proper  deduction 
will  be  made  from  the  balance  of  pay  and  allowances  due  the  estate  of  the  deceased  soldier  and  the 
amount  paid  to  the  proper  officer  of  the  post  exchange. 

L.  P.  Mitchell,  Assistant  Comptroller. 

{Par.  363,  A.  R.) 


312  APPENDIX. 

[Cir.  12,  Mar.  28,  1902.] 

I.  The  following  decision  is  published  for  the  information  of  all  concerned: 
Mileage  orders  in  artillery  districts. — The  commanding  officer  of  an  artillery 

district  has  no  authority  to  issue  orders  carrying  mileage  to  and  from  posts  within 

the  district  under  his  command. 
{Par.  368,  A.  E.) 


[G.  O.  51,  June  6,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army 
for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

1.  With  a  view  to  establishing  systematic  instruction  in  submarine  mining  in  artil- 
lery districts  and  at  coast  artillery  posts,  commanding  generals  of  departments  con- 
taining such  districts  will,  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  district  commander,  detail 
a  suitable  officer  to  take  charge  of  such  instruction  at  posts  provided  with  a  mine 
equipment.  The  officer  so  recommended  and  detailed  should,  if  practicable,  be  one 
who  has  had  a  course  of  instruction  in  submarine  mining  at  the  former  Engineer 
School  at  Willets  Point,  N.  Y.,  but  when  this  is  impracticable  he  should  possess  some 
knowledge  of  electricity. 

This  course  of  instruction  will  include  the  care  and  preservation  of  the  submarine- 
mine  equipment;  in  the  practicable  details  and  working  of  the  mining  casemate 
apparatus;  in  the  planting  of  a  single  mine  and  a  triple  group  of  mines  in  shoal 
water  when  barges  or  yawls  are  available,  and  when  not  available  laying  out  the 
same  on  land,  and  in  a  general  testing  of  the  equipment. 

This  instruction  will  be  given  in  each  district  for  at  least  one  month  annually  at 
every  post  provided  with  a  mine  equipment,  and  the  periods  of  instruction  at  the 
different  posts  will  be  so  regulated  that  the  district  submarine-mine  officer  may  visit 
each  during  the  period  of  instruction  and  supervise  the  same. 

On  completion  of  the  instruction  at  a  post  the  district  submarine-mine  officer  will 
submit  a  confidential  report  of  the  result  of  the  instruction  and  the  condition  of  the 
mine  equipment  direct  to  the  district  commander.  The  latter  will  forward  this 
report,  confidentially,  to  the  department  commander,  who  will  transmit  the  same 
in  like  manner  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 

2.  The  commanding  officer  of  a  post  provided  with  a  submarine-mine  equipment 
will  detail  a  suitable  officer  to  take  charge  of  the  same,  attend  to  its  care  and  preser- 
vation, and  give  the  instruction  required  by  this  order.  A  detail  of  not  less  than 
three  noncommissioned  officers  and  twelve  privates,  especially  selected,  will  be 
directed  to  report  to  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  mine  equipment  to  assist  him  in  its 
care  and  preservation  at  all  times  and  for  instruction  purposes  at  such  periods  as  may 
be  designated  by  the  district  commander.  During  the  period  of  practical  instruction 
in  submarine  mining  at  a  post  the  officer  in  charge  of  a  mine  equipment  and  the 
selected  detail  will  be  excused  from  other  drills  and  parade,  and  when  practicable 
from  guard  and  police  duty. 

{Par.  369,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  58,  June  20,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  in  order  to  fix  more  definitely  the  accounta- 
bility for  certain  classes  of  tools  issued  to  artillery  seacoast  defense  posts  by  the 
Engineer,  the  Ordnance,  and  the  Quartermaster's  Departments,  the  property  referred 
to  will  be  transferred  and  hereafter  issued  and  accounted  for  as  follows: 

All  bench  and  hand  tools  and  appliances  for  working  metal  (except  special  tools, 


APPENDIX.  313 

fixtures,  and  spare  parts  for  oil  engines,  steam  engines,  and  electrical  machinery, 
which  are  habitually  supplied  by  the  makers  with  such  machinery)  now  on  hand  at 
seacoast  fortifications  and  borne  on  Engineer  Department  property  returns  will  be 
transferred  to  the  Ordnance  Department,  and  in  future  such  tools  will  be  issued  only 
by  that  department. 

All  coal-handling  and  fire  tools  and  appliances,  all  grass-cutting  tools,  and  all  car- 
penters' tools  now  on  hand  at  seacoast  fortifications  and  borne  on  Engineer  Depart- 
ment property  returns  will  be  invoiced  to  the  Quartermaster's  Departmentj^and  in 
future  such  tools  will  be  issued  only  by  that  department. 

Post  commanders  will  cause  their  engineer  officers,  ordnance  officers,  and  quarter- 
masters to  make  these  transfers  on  regular  invoices  and  receipts,  and  to  be  governed 
by  the  foregoing  instructions  in  making  requisitions  for  tools. 

{Pars.  38%  383,  385,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  6,  Feb.  12,  1901.] 

I.  The  attention  of  the  Secretary  of  War  has  been  called  to  several  instances  where 
range  finders  shipped  from  their  respective  posts  to  instrument  makers  for  regradua- 
tion,  or  to  arsenals  for  storage,  have  arrived  in  a  damaged  condition,  with  the  tele- 
scopes and  other  delicate  parts  broken  or  damaged,  due  to  improper  packing;  and  he 
therefore  directs  that  greater  care  be  exercised  in  packing,  and  that  the  packing  be 
done  under  the  direct  supervision  of  a  commissioned  officer;  the  several  parts  to  be 
so  packed  that  the  telescopes  will  be  well  supported  lengthwise  and  rendered  inca- 
pable of  motion  in  any  direction. 

II.  The  Ordnance  Department  having  found  that  hydroline  oil  meets  all  the 
requirements  of  a  good  oil  for  use  in  the  cylinders  of  gun  carriages,  and  the  same 
being  now  issued  exclusively  to  the  service  for  that  purpose,  the  following  instruc- 
tions regarding  its  use  are  by  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War  published  for  the 
information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Officers  receiving  it  are  cautioned  to  use  it  by  itself  and  not  to  mix  it  with  old 
neutral  oil  in  the  cylinders  or  in  any  other  manner.  Before  putting  the  hydroline 
in  the  cylinders  they  should  be  thoroughly  cleansed  so  as  to  leave  no  trace  of  acids, 
rust,  or  other  detrimental  matter.  Any  foreign  matter  would  tend  to  deteriorate  if 
not  destroy  the  good  qualities  of  hydroline,  which  the  Department  has  secured  at 
considerable  trouble  and  expense. 

The  specifications  for  hydroline  oil,  as  adopted  by  the  Department,  are  as  follows: 

The  oil  is  used  to  fill  the  cylinders  and  check  recoil  of  the  gun  carriage  by  passing  as  a  liquid 
through  small  orifices  at  the  side  of  the  piston  head  in  motion. 
It  must  fulfill  the  following  requirements: 

1.  Entirely  neutral  and  free  from  acid  or  alkali  when  tested  at  ordinary  temperature  and  at  a  tem- 
perature of  150°  F. 

2.  Free  from  ash  and  saponifiable  oil  and  to  show  no  trace  of  decomposition  when  heated  to  200°  F. 

3.  Specific  gravity  within  the  limits  0.835  and  0.87,  or  39°  and  31°  Baumd. 

4.  Cold  test,  or  point  at  which  flow  ceases,  not  above  0°  F. 

5.  Viscosity  (tested  by  Seybolt  viscosimeter  in  use  by  the  Standard  Oil  Company),  40  seconds  plus 
or  minus  5  seconds  at  70°  F.,  and  preferably  to  vary  as  little  as  practicable  from  this  between  limits 
of  30°  and  100°  F.,  but  not  to  be  greater  than  70  seconds  at  30°  or  less  than  30  seconds  at  100°  F. 

The  neutral  oil  on  hand  at  the  various  posts  should  be  used  up,  and  any  further 
requisitions  for  oil  for  the  cylinders  of  gun  carriages  should  specify  hydroline. 
{Art.  XLI,A.R.) 


314  APPENDIX. 

[Cir.  21,  June  28,  1901.] 
******* 

The  attention  of  the  Secretary  of  War  has  been  called  to  several  instances  where 
artillery  troops  have  attempted  to  change  the  effect  of  throttling  oil  in  the  hydraulic 
cylinders  of  seacoast  gun  carriages  by  loosening  or  tightening  the  throttling-bar  bolts 
passing  through  the  walls  of  the  cylinders,  and  he  directs  that  this  dangerous  prac- 
tice be  discontinued  in  future,  and  that  officers  in  charge  of  seacoast  carriages  be 
required  to  see  that  all  bolts  passing  into  hydraulic  cylinders  are  kept  tight  at  all 
times. 

{Art.  XLI,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  11,  Mar.  22,  1902.] 

I.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army 
for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

The  recoil  cylinder  oil  now  furnished  by  the  Ordnance  Department  contracts  in 
volume  when  frozen,  so  that  bursting  of  the  pipes  or  cylinders  of  gun  carriages  is  not 
likely  to  happen  due  to  freezing  of  the  oil  alone.  If  water  is  accidentally  mixed 
with  the  oil,  either  from  condensation  or  other  causes,  it  will,  when  placed  in  recoil 
cylinders,  accumulate  in  the  lowest  part  of  the  piping,  and  if  not  occasionally 
removed  may,  when  frozen,  burst  the  pipes.  To  avoid  this  during  cold  weather 
liquid  should  occasionally  be  removed  from  the  emptying  plugs  of  gun  carriages,  the 
same  volume  of  oil  then  being  placed  in  the  recoil  cylinders  to  keep  them  filled. 

To  keep  the  oil  as  free  from  water  as  possible,  care  should  be  exercised  that  recep- 
tacles used  in  the  storage  of  oil  are  not  left  open  to  the  weather. 

When  necessary  to  fire  a  gun  in  extremely  cold  weather,  the  first  round  should  be 
with  a  reduced  or  warming  charge,  to  decrease  the  viscosity  of  the  oil  resulting  from 
the  temperature,  thus  avoiding  high  cylinder  pressures  that  might  have  resulted  had 
a  full  charge  been  used. 

II.  In  order  to  insure  the  early  supply  of  each  fortification  electric  plant  with  all 
absolutely  necessary  tools,  the  commanding  officer  of  each  seacoast  fortification  will 
have  prepared  and  forwarded  through  the  local  district  engineer  officer  a  complete 
list,  showing  in  one  column  the  numbers  of  all  hand  and  bench  tools  needed  for  the 
eflBcient  service  of  the  electric  plants  at  his  post,  in  another  column  all  such  tools 
now  on  hand  and  pertaining  to  post  returns  of  property  rendered  to  the  Chief  of 
Engineers,  and  in  a  third  column  the  difference  between  the  two  preceding  columns — 
that  is,  the  additional  tools  that  will  be  needed  to  complete  the  outfit. 

Only  such  light  hand  and  bench  tools  as  are  needed  for  emergency  repairs  should 
be  asked  for.  Heavy  repairs,  heavy  pipe  cutting,  etc.,  will  be  provided  for  in  the 
power  tool  shops  to  be  established  at  an  early  date  for  the  more  important  seacoast 
forts. 

Where  there  are  a  number  of  separate  plants  at  the  same  post  the  lists  should  be 
made  out  for  each  plant,  showing  only  the  tools  needed  at  that  special  plant,  and  a 
separate  list  should  be  submitted  covering  such  tools  as  the  electrician  sergeant  can 
conveniently  carry  from  one  plant  to  the  others  in  a  portable  kit. 

The  district  engineer  officers  will  carefully  examine  the  lists,  will  enter  the  prob- 
able cost  of  the  several  items,  if  supplied  from  the  local  market,  and  will  then  forward 
the  papers  to  the  Chief  of  Engineers. 

[Art.  XLI,  A.  R.) 


APPENDIX.  315 

[G.  O.  137,  Oct.  22,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the 
Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

In  order  to  prevent  delays,  expense,  and  unnecessary  correspondence,  any  damage 
to  or  defects  in  the  engineer  or  ordnance  work  or  material  at  any  artillery  post  will 
as  soon  as  observed  be  communicated  in  writing  direct  to  the  district  engineer  officer 
and  district  ordnance  officer  (A.  R.,  384),  respectively,  who  have  been  authorized 
to  make  needed  repairs,  and  the  quarterly  reports  of  inspection  rendered  under 
paragraph  400  of  the  Regulations  and  other  reports  upon  this  subject  will  include  a 
statement  that  this  has  been  done  and  whether  the  repairs  have  been  made  and  the 
defects  corrected  or  are  receiving  the  attention  of  the  proper  department.  Com- 
manding officers  of  artillery  districts  are  specially  charged  with  the  observance  of 
this  order. 

{Pars.  384  and  400,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  34,  Apr.  3,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  in  order  that  every  known  defect  may 
be  pointed  out  and  considered,  the  commanding  officer  of  each  seacoast  fortification 
will  accompany  the  district  engineer  officer  on  the  quarterly  inspection  of  the  engi- 
neering features  of  the  modern  batteries  and  their  equipment  in  his  district,  required 
under  instructions  of  the  Chief  of  Engineers,  and  will  note  this  fact  upon  the  report 
required  by  paragraph  400  of  the  Regulations, 

{Par.  400,  A.  R.) 


*  * 


[G.  O.  163,  Nov.  21,  1901.] 

The  following  rules  for  firing  salutes  with  cannon  are  published  for  the  information 
and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

1.  Salutes  with  cannon  will  be  fired  under  the  charge  of  commissioned  officers, 
who  shall  be  present  at  the  firing  and  direct  it. 

2.  Guns  using  metallic-case  ammunition  will  be  used  whenever  practicable;  in 
their  absence  breech  loading  guns  should  preferably  be  used;  muzzle  loaders  will  be 
used  only  when  breech  loaders  are  not  available.  When  using  muzzle-loading  guns 
a  sufficient  number  should  be  employed,  if  practicable,  to  avoid  the  necessity  of 
firing  the  same  gun  a  second  time. 

3.  For  breech-loading  or  muzzle-loading  guns  cartridge  bags  will  be  made  of  silk, 
measuring  in  length  at  least  one  and  a  half  times  the  diameter,  and  care  will  be  taken 
that  the  sponges  are  not  worn  and  thoroughly  fill  the  chamber  or  bore  of  the  gun, 
and  when  the  same  gun  is  fired  more  than  once  the  intervals  between  discharges  will 
be  sufficient  to  allow  the  chamber  or  bore  to  be  thoroughly  sponged  and  examined. 
Unless  all  of  these  conditions  be  fulfilled  salutes  will  not  be  fired  with  these  classes 
of  guns. 

4.  The  instructions  contained  in  Artillery  Circular  L  of  1897  are  modified 
accordingly. 

{Par.  465,  A.  R.) 


316  APPENDIX. 

[G.  O.  117,  Sept.  3,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  United  States  Engineer  School  at  Willets 
Point,  N.  Y.,  will  be  removed  to  and  established  at  Washington  Barracks,  D.  C. 
(Par.  531,  A.  R.)  . 


'-  [Cir.  45,  Dec.  10,  1901.] 

The  attention  of  officers  accountable  for  fortification  and  submarine  mining  prop- 
erty at  artillery  posts  is  called  to  the  following  rules  of  the  Engineer  Department 
governing  the  disposition  of  such  property : 

No  items  of  property  are  considered  expendable  except  those  that  have  become 
fixtures,  being  permanently  built  into  the  work,  or  those  that  have  actually  lost  their 
identity  by  use. 

The  first  class  comprises  electric-wire  circuits,  junction  boxes,  underground  and 
interior  conduits,  pipe  lines,  speaking  tubes,  tracks,  trolley  rails,  etc. 

The  second  class  comprises  acids,  cotton  waste,  emery  paper,  glue,  oil,  mercury, 
paint,  paraffin,  insulating  tape,  resin,  solder,  tallow,  varnish,  lamps,  fuses,  etc. 

Items  of  the  first  class  may  be  disposed  of  on  the  returns  by  stating  clearly  in  the 
proper  columns  the  exact  manner  of  their  disposition  or  expenditure. 

Items  of  the  second  class  actually  expended  may  be  disposed  of  on  the  returns  in 
the  same  manner  as  "expended  in  construction,  operation,  or  repair  of  plant." 

In  case  a  doubt  exists  as  to  whether  certain  articles  are  expendable  under  the 
above  classification  a  certificate  covering  the  expenditure  of  the  property  will  be  sub- 
mitted as  required  by  paragraph  764  of  the  Eegulations,  the  items  being  accounted 
for  on  the  returns  until  action  has  been  taken  by  the  Secretary  of  War, 

Care  should  be  exercised  to  report  all  transactions  in  the  proper  columns. 

Officers  will  not  expend  or  drop  as  expended  from  their  property  returns  machinery 
or  appliances  installed  as  part  of  any  emplacement,  battery,  or  power  plant.  This 
applies  to  all  machinery  and  appliances,  whether  in  permanent  positions,  such  as 
boilers,  engines,  dynamos,  switchboards  complete,  pumps,  motors,  controllers, 
switches,  lamp  fixtures,  storage  batteries,  electric  fans,  transformers,  telephones, 
etc.,  or  whether  they  are  movable  like  trolleys,  differential  pulleys,  tools,  portable 
ammeters  and  voltmeters,  testing  sets,  thermometers,  indicators,  tachometers,  hose,  etc. 

These  articles,  as  well  as  expendable  articles,  will  be  taken  up  and  accounted  for  on 
the  property  returns  and  when  transferred  will  be  transferred  on  regular  invoices  and 
receipts. 

{Pars.S32  and764,A.  R.) 


[G.  0.22,  Mar.  3, 1902.] 

The  following  rules  and  regulations  governing  the  division  of  electrician-sergeants 
of  the  School  of  Submarine  Defense  are  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information 
and  guidance  of  all  concerned,  in  connection  with  General  Orders,  No.  145,  Novem- 
ber 8,  1901,  from  this  office: 

1.  The  school  terms  of  the  division  of  electrician-sergeants  of  the  School  of  Sub- 
marine Defense,  Fort  Totten,  N.  Y.,  will  begin  January  1  and  July  1  of  each  year; 
the  course  will  be  for  six  months,  and  no  candidate  will  be  ordered  to  join  a  class 
undergoing  instruction  after  the  beginning  of  the  school  term. 

2.  Preliminary  examination  of  candidates  will  be  held  at  posts  as  heretofore  on 
approved  applications.  Those  who  pass  a  successful  examination  will  until  the 
beginning  of  the  next  school  term  be  known  as  accepted  candidates,  and  will  be 
given  every  facility  at  their  stations  to  study  electricity  and  to  assist  in  the  practical 
management  of  any  electrical  plants  available. 


APPENDIX.  317 

3.  Accepted  candidates  will  be  registered  and  their  examination  papers  filed  at 
the  School  of  Submarine  Defense.  From  this  register  recommendations  for  the  for- 
mation of  a  class  will  be  submitted  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  in  time  to 
permit  a  class  to  be  ordered  to  report  at  the  school  at  least  ten  (10)  days  before  the 
beginning  of  the  school  term.  In  case  there  are  more  than  twenty  (20)  accepted 
candidates  the  selection  of  the  twenty  having  the  highest  average  as  shown  by  their 
examination  papers  will  be  made  by  the  school  board;  all  others  will  be  available 
to  become  accepted  candidates  .again  only  after  having  passed  another  preliminary 
examination.  _    _ 

4.  The  class  will  be  limited  to  (20)  candidates  for  the  present.  As  the  facilities 
for  instruction  increase  this  number  may  be  increased  from  time  to  time  on  the 
recommendation  of  the  school  board. 

5.  Failure  to  study  or  take  advantage  of  the  opportunities  offered  for  study  and 
improvement  or  any  misbehavior  of  any  candidate  at  the  school  will  be  followed  by 
a  summary  dismissal  therefrom,  on  the  recommendation  of  the  school  board,  after 
due  consideration  of  the  case. 

{Par.  537,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  60,  June  25,  1902.] 

In  addition  to  the  organization  of  the  School  of  Application  for  Cavalry  and  Field 
Artillery  at  Fort  Riley,  Kans.,  as  prescribed  for  the  ''Cavalry  and  Light  Artillery 
School"  in  paragraph  541  of  the  Regulations,  the  commanding  officer  of  the  bat- 
talion of  field  artillery  and  the  captains  of  the  batteries  of  field  artillery  stationed  at 
that  post  shall  constitute  a  board  to  be  known  as  ''The  Field  Artillery  Board,"  to 
which  may  be  referred  from  time  to  time  all  subjects  concerning  the  operations 
of  artillery  in  the  field  upon  which  the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army  may 
desire  its  opinions  and  recommendations.  The  adjutant  of  the  artillery  subpost  will 
act  as  recorder  of  the  board. 

[Par.  541,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  17,  May  13,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decisions  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  are  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  con- 
cerned: 

Mounted  pay.  Officer  detailed  to  field  battery.  Due  only  from  date  officer  actually  joined  his  new 
command  or  personally  reported  for  duty.  Date  of  order  docs  not  govern  payment.  Comptroller 
thus  confirms  decision  of  Secretary  of  War,  announced  in  Circular  No.  1,  series  of  188h,from  this  office. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  the  Comptroller  op  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  April  22,  1902. 
Maj.  W.  Vinson,  Acting  Chief  Disbursing  Officer,  lh,y  Department. 

(Through  office  of  the  Adjutant-General  U.  S.  Army,  War  Department). 
Sir:  I  am  in  receipt  of  your  communication  of  November  22, 1901,  requesting  to  be  informed  from 
what  date  the  mounted  pay  begins  in  the  case  of  an  officer  detailed  or  transferred  to  the  field  artil- 
lery, whether  from  the  date  of  the  order  making  the  detail  for  duty  to  the  field  artillery  or  only  from 
the  date  of  reporting  for  duty  with  the  field  artillery  under  the  order. 

The  specific  case  you  have  is  that  of  Capt.  Adelbert  Cronkhite,  who  was  assigned  to  the  field  artil- 
lery by  the  orders  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  dated  September  3, 1901,  but  who  appears  not  to  have 
actually  joined  the  field  artillery  for  duty  until  on  or  about  October  2, 1901,  the  War  Department 
reporting  that  he  was  on  leave  and  en  route  to  join  his  new  command  from  July  23  to  October  2, 1901. 
General  Orders,  No.  116,  of  September  3,  1901,  provides: 

"  1.  Under  the  provisions  of  section  9  of  the  act  of  Congress  approved  February  2, 1901,  nine  batteries 
of  field  artillery,  in  addition  to  those  now  in  service,  will  be  organized  with  the  commissioned  officers 
and  at  the  stations  hereinafter  designated: 
"  Fort  Douglas,  Utah,  one  battery,  the  Twenty-second— 
"Capt-  Adelbert  Cronkhite." 

i^  *****  * 


318  APPENDIX. 

"The  officers  herein  assigned  to  batteries  will  proceed  to  join  their  proper  stations.  The  travel 
enjoined  is  necessary  for  the  public  service." 

Section  4  of  the  act  of  February  2, 1901  (31  Stat.,  749)  provides: 

"That  the  Artillery  Corps  shall  comprise  two  branches— the  coast  artillery  and  the  field  artillery. 
The  coast  artillery  is  defined  as  that  portion  charged  with  the  care  and  use  of  the  fixed  and  movable 
elements  of  land  and  coast  fortifications,  including  the  submarine  mine  and  torpedo  defenses, 
and  the  field  artillery  as  that  portion  accompanying  an  army  in  the  field,  and  including  field  and 
light  artillery  proper,  horse  artillery,  siege  artillery,  mountain  artillery,  and  also  machine-gun 
batteries." 

Section  5  of  the  same  act  provides: 

"That  all  officers  of  artillery  shall  be  placed  in  one  list,  in  respect  to  promotion,  according  to 
seniority  in  their  se.eral  grades,  and  shall  be  assigned  to  coast  or  to  field  artillery  according  to  their 
special  aptitude  for  the  respective  services." 

Section  1270,  Revised  Statutes,  provides: 

"That  officers  of  the  Army  and  of  volunteers  assigned  to  duty  which  requires  them  to  be  mounted 
shall,  during  the  time  they  are  employed  on  such  duty  receive  the  pay,  emoluments,  and  allowances 
of  cavalry  officers  of  the  same  grade  respectively." 

The  War  Department  held,  January  14,  1884  (published  in  Circular  1,  A.  G.  O.,  1884),  in  the  case  of 
officers  transferred  to  or  from  light  batteries  that— 

"Under  the  paragraph  2385  of  the  Regulations,  officers  transferred  to  light  batteries,  in  order  to 
become  entitled  to  mounted  pay,  must  join  the  batteries  to  which  transferred,  and  they  are  entitled 
to  mounted  pay  from  the  dates  they  actually  join.  Officers  transferred  from  light  batteries  are 
entitled  to  mounted  pay  up  to  the  dates  they  are  actually  relieved  from  duty  with  their  respective 
light  batteries." 

This  was  a  decision  construing  paragraph  2385  of  the  Army  Regulations  of  1881,  which  provided 
that  officers  of  one  light  battery  for  each  regiment  of  artillery  and  the  officers  of  such  other  light 
batteries  of  artillery  as  might  be  designated  by  the  President  and  equipped  as  such,  each  having  the 
organization  of  a  light  battery,  should  be  entitled  to  pay  as  mounted  officers. 

Paragraph  1450,  Army  Regulations,  1901,  which  is  similar,  provides  that  the  officers  of  a  field  or 
siege  battery  duly  organized  and  equipped  are  entitled  to  pay  as  mounted  officers. 

It  appears  that  Captain  Cronkhite  was  in  command  of  Battery  G,  Fourth  Artillery,  from  February 
1  to  13,  1901,  and  that  on  latter  date  orders  were  issued  designating  said  organization  as  the  Forty-first 
Company  of  Coast  Artillery,  which  organization  he  commanded  until  July  23,  1901.  He  was  assigned 
to  the  Twenty-second  Battery,  Field  Artillery,  as  stated  above,  and  is  reported  in  command  of  said 
battery  from  October  2  to  21,  1901. 

General  Orders,  No.  IIG,  swpm,  provided  also  that  the  additional  batteries  therein  authorized  should 
be  organized  by  transfers  from  existing  organizations.  The  men  of  old  Battery  No.  12,  stationed  at 
Fort  Douglas,  Utah,  were  transferred  to  the  new  Battery  No.  22,  to  be  organized  at  the  same  place. 

The  order  further  directed  that  the  organization  of  the  new  batteries  should  be  commenced  with- 
out delay  by  transfers  and  recruitment  to  the  maximum  strength  of  160  men. 

It  is  not  shown  on  what  date  the  Twenty-second  Battery,  Field  Artillery,  became  duly  organized 
and  equipped  or  whether  the  same  was  duly  organized  and  equipped  on  or  before  October  2, 1901;  but 
inasmuch  as  the  old  organization,  with  all  its  guns,  horses,  etc.,  formed  the  nucleus  of  the  new  organ- 
ization, the  presumption  is  that  it  was  organized  and  equipped  at  least  from  October  2,  1901,  within 
the  meaning  of  the  Regulations  and  in  the  sense  that  it  required  a  commanding  officer. 

Under  the  law  and  Regulations  stated  above,  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  rule  as  established  by  the 
War  Department  in  1884  is  the  correct  one,  and  that  Captain  Cronkhite  is  entitled  to  mounted  pay 
only  from  the  date  he  actually  joined  his  new  command  or  personally  reported  for  duty. 

The  decision  of  July  25, 1901  (8  Comp.  Dec,  50),  has  not  been  overlooked.  That  decision  has  refer- 
ence only  to  details  under  the  act  of  November  3, 1893. 

Respectfully,  R.  J.  Tkacewell,  Comptroller. 

{Par.  1450,  A.  R.) 


An  officer  granted  leave  of  absence  while  in  receipt  of  commutation  of  quarters  is  entitled  to  commutation  of 
quarters  while  away  from  regular  station  tinder  the  orders  granting  him  leave  of  absence. 

Note.— This  decision  is  given  in  answer  to  question  whether  during  period  officer  was  on  Govern- 
ment transport  en  route  to  the  United  States  he  should  recover  such  allowance. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  April  23,  1902. 
Col.  C.  C.  Sniffen, 

Acting  Paymaster-General  U.  S.  Army,  War  Department. 
Sir:  I  am  in  receipt  of  your  communication  of  the  30th  ultimo,  as  follows: 

"  I  have  the  honor  to  forward  the  inclosed  letter  of  Capt.  F.  H.  Lawton,  with  indorsement  thereon 
by  the  chief  paymaster,  Department  of  the  East,  with  request  for  decision. 


APPENDIX.  319 

"Capt.  F.  H.  Lawton,  C.  S.,  was  on  duty  in  Manila,  P.  I.,  and  in  receipt  of  commntation  of  quarters, 
he  being  'on  duty  without  troops  at  a  place  where  there  were  no  public  quarters.'  By  paragraph  3, 
Special  Order,  No.  250,  Headquarters  Division  of  the  Philippines,  he  was  '  granted  leave  of  absence  for 
one  month  with  permission  to  visit  the  United  States,'  which  leave,  under  the  provision  of  the  act  of 
March  2,  1901,  General  Order,  No.  26,  Adjutant-General's  Office,  1901  (Stat.),  took  effect  on  reaching 
the  United  States.  The  officer,  as  stated  in  his  letter  herewith,  came  to  the  United  States  on  a  Gov- 
ernment transport  leaving  Manila  October  18, 1901,  and  arriving  in  the  United  States  December  23 
following.  By  paragraph  14,  Special  Order,  No.  13,  Adjutant-General's  Office,  dated  January  16, 1902, 
he  was  ordered,  on  the  expiration  of  his  leave,  to  take  station  in  New  York  City.  The  question  sub- 
mitted is.  Whether  during  the  period  he  was  on  the  Government  transport  en  route  to  the  United 
States  he  should  receive  the  allowance  of  commutation  of  quarters.  During  the  period  of  Jiis  leave 
he  was  entitled  to  full  pay,  and  under  existing  laws  to  commutation  of  quarters  during  the  period 
of  such  leave.'" 

The  act  of  March  2,  1901(31  Stat.,  902),  provides: 

"That  leaves  of  absence  which  may  be  granted  officers  of  the  Regular  or  Volunteer  Army  serving 
in  the  Territory  of  Alaska  or  without  the  limits  of  the  United  States  for  the  purpose  of  returning 
thereto,  or  which  may  have  been  granted  such  officers  for  such  purpose  since  the  thirteenth  day  of 
October,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight,  shall  be  regarded  as  taking  effect  on  the  dates  such 
officers  reach  or  may  have  reached  the  United  States,  respectively,  and  as  terminating,  or  as  having 
terminated,  on  the  respective  dates  of  their  departure  from  the  United  States  in  returning  to  their 
commands,  as  authorized  by  an  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War  dated  October  thirteenth,  eighteen 
hundred  and  ninety-eight." 

Paragraph  1491  and  1492,  Army  Regulations,  1901,  provide: 

"1491.  An  officer  on  duty  at  a  station  where  he  is  properly  in  receipt  of  commutation  of  quarters  is 
entitled  to  the  allowance  during  ordinary  leave  on  full  pay,  but  not  during  sick  leave.  If  he  is 
relieved  from  duty  at  the  station  and  then  granted  a  leave  his  commutation  ceases. 

"  1492.  An  officer  does  not  lose  his  right  to  quarters  or  commutation  at  his  permanent  station  by  a 
temporary  absence  on  duty.  While  he  continues  to  hold  that  right  and  exercises  it  by  constructive 
occupation  or  use  of  any  kind,  he  can  not  legally  demand  quarters  nor  commutation  at  any  other 
building.    Exceptions  to  this  rule  can  only  be  made  by  the  Secretary  of  War." 

The  papers  submitted  show  that  the  officer  was  granted  a  leave  of  absence  for  one  month  with  per- 
mission to  visit  the  United  States  by  Special  Orders,  No.  250,  dated  Headquarters  Division  of  the 
Philippines,  September  23,  1901.  He  left  Manila  October  16, 1901.  This  leave,  under  the  provisions  of 
the  act  of  March  2, 1901,  supra,  took  effect  on  reaching  the  United  States,  which  was  December  23, 
1901.  By  Special  Orders,  No.  13,  dated  Adjutant-General's  Office,  January  16, 1902,  he  was  ordered  on 
the  expiration  of  his  leave  to  take  station  in  New  York  City. 

His  regular  station  until  the  expiration  of  his  leave  of  absence  was  Manila. 

The  only  question  to  be  decided  is.  Whether  the  period  he  was  on  a  Government  transport  en 
route  to  the  United  States,  on  which  he  was  furnished  stateroom  accommodations,  he  was  entitled 
to  draw  commutation  of  quarters,  the  same  as  if  he  had  been  at  his  regular  station  at  Manila. 

I  take  it  for  granted  that  Captain  Lawton  was  properly  in  receipt  of  commutation  of  quarters  at  his 
station  at  Manila,  and  this  being  so,  under  the  Army  Regulations,  supra,  he  was  clearly  entitled  to 
commutation  of  quarters  for  the  period  of  his  ordinary  leave  in  the  United  States. 

The  officer's  status  between  the  date  that  he  left  Manila  and  the  date  of  his  arrival  in  the  United 
States  is  not  entirely  clear,  but  it  would  seem  to  be  the  same  as  for  it  was  after  his  arrival  in  the  United 
States,  namely,  that  of  an  officer  on  an  ordinary  leave  of  absence,  which,  under  the  act  of  March  2, 
supra,  was  not  to  be  counted  against  him  in  making  up  his  leave  record.  Such  absence  was  by  the 
same  authority  as  that  which  the  officer  had  after  his  arrival  in  the  United  States. 

It  was  held  in  a  decision  of  this  office,  dated  January  16,  1902  (8  Comp.  Dec,  450),  that— 

"Quarters,  in  the  sense  of  the  laws  and  regulations  providing  therefor  for  the  officers  of  the  Gov- 
ernment entitled  thereto,  are  something  more  than  a  room  at  a  hotel.  They  are  his  home.  The 
officer  having  them  is  in  their  occupancy  when  temporarily  absent  therefrom  just  as  when  he  is 
personally  and  physically  present  in  them.  His  belongings  are  in  them.  They  are  his  rooftree  and 
castle.  Their  need  is  of  the  same  kind  during  his  temporary  absence  from  them,  of  a  lesser  degree 
only  than  when  he  is  in  the  personal  occupation  of  them,  in  the  sense  of  his  body  being  present  in 
them.  I  occupy  my  home  and  need  its  use  while  at  my  office  preparing  this  decision  in  no  different 
sense  than  when  I  am  under  its  roof.  Its  need  under  these  different  circumstances  is  one  of  degree 
and  not  of  kind.  The  commutation  of  quarters  must  be  treated  the  same  as  if  quarters  in  kind  were 
assigned  and  in  use  by  the  officer.    The  commutation  represents  the  thing  commuted. " 

The  mere  fact  that  an  officer  was  furnished  stateroom  on  a  boat  while  on  ordinary  leave  of  absence 
or  proceeding  to  a  place  where  leave  of  absence  proper  is  to  begin,  the  officer's  station  not  having 
been  changed,  will  not,  in  my  opinion,  operate  to  deprive  him  of  his  commutation  allowance  at  his 
regular  station,  for  if  such  were  the  case  it  reasonably  follows,  I  think,  that  in  any  case  where  an 
officer  is  ordered  to  a  certain  place  for  temporary  duty,  and  is  entitled  to  mileage  for  the  journey  to 
such  place  (mileage  being  in  the  nature  of  a  reimbursement  for  railroad  fare,  sleeping-car  fare,  cost 
of  meals,  etc.,  while  traveling),  his  right  to  commutation  of  quarters  at  his  station  for  the  time  he 
occupies  the  car  in  traveling  would  likewise  be  defeated.  Such  a  construction  is  certainly  not  in 
harmony  with  the  theory  of  the  law  and  regulations  on  this  matter. 


320  APPENDIX. 

I  am  of  the  opinion  that  for  all  the  time  Captain  Lawton  was  away  from  his  regular  station  under 
the  orders  granting  him  a  leave  of  absence  he  is  entitled  to  the  regulation  allowance  for  commutation 
of  quarters. 
You  are  authorized  to  so  pay  him. 

Captain  Lawton's  letter  with  Lieutenant-Colonel  Dodge's  indorsement  thereon  is  herewith  returned 
to  you. 

R.  J.  Tracewell,  Comptroller. 
{Pars.  U91  and  1492,  A.  R.) 


Indian  scouts  employed  under  act  of  August  1^,  1876.    So  long  as  scout  is  employed  and  horse  and  , 

equipments  furnished,  his  allowance  of  W  ce  day  contiiiues  during  his  temporary  absence  from 

duty  under  proper  authority. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  April  29,  1902. 

The  Auditor  for  the  War  Department  has  reported  for  approval,  disapproval,  or  modification  a 
decision  making  an  original  construction  of  a  statute,  as  follows: 

"In  the  examination  of  the  disbursing  accounts  of  Maj.  Charles  Newbold,  paymaster.  United  States 
Army,  the  question  arises  as  to  whether  or  not  an  Indian  scout  who  furnished  his  own  horse  and 
horse  equipments  during  service  is  entitled  for  the  period  he  is  on  furlough  to  40  cents  per  day  for 
use  and  risk  of  such  horse  and  horse  equipments  under  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  August  12,  1876 
(19  Stat.,  131),  being  an  act  entitled  'An  act  concerning  the  employment  of  Indian  scouts,'  and  pro- 
viding as  follows: 

"'That  so  much  of  the  Army  appropriation  act  of  twenty-fourth  July,  eighteen  hundred  and 
seventy-six,  as  limits  the  number  of  Indian  scouts  to  three  hundred  is  hereby  repealed;  and  sections 
ten  hundred  and  ninety-four  and  eleven  hundred  and  twelve  of  the  Revised  Statutes,  authorizing 
the  employment  of  one  thousand  Indian  scouts,  are  hereby  continued  in  force:  Provided,  That  a 
proportionate  number  of  noncommissioned  officers  may  be  appointed.  And  the  scouts,  when  they 
furnish  their  own  horse  and  horse  equipments,  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  forty  cents  per  day  for 
their  use  and  risk  so  long  as  thus  employed.' 

"The  construction  and  application  of  this  statute  by  the  Pay  Department  of  the  Army  has  not 
been  uniform,  and  I  have  not  found  an  authoritive  decision  of  the  accounting  officers  on  the  subject. 

"By  the  act  of  August  12,  1876,  supra,  provision  is  made  for  the  'employment'  of  Indian  scouts, 
and  when  they  furnish  their  own  horses  and  horse  equipments,  for  payment  of  40  cents  per  day  for 
their  use  and  risk  so  long  as  '  thus  employed.'  It  is  evident  the  term  '  thus  employed '  in  the  act 
refers  to  the  employment  of  the  scout  and  not  the  horse,  and  the  evident  purpose  was  to  add  to  the 
allowances  of  the  scout  for  such  period  of  his  employment  as  he  furnished  his  own  horse  and  horse 
equipments  40  cents  per  day,  whether  on  duty  or  absent  with  authority.  The  40  cents  per  day 
appears  to  be  as  much  an  allowance  as  his  clothing  allowance,  and  so  long  as  he  furnished  his  own 
horse  and  horse  equipments  he  would  appear  to  be  entitled  to  the  allowance  of  40  cents  per  day  as 
much  as  he  is  entitled  to  his  clothing  allowance  for  the  same  period. 

"I  am  of  the  opinion  and  so  decide  that  under  the  act  of  August  12,  1876,  an  Indian  scout  who 
furnishes  his  own  horse  and  horse  equipments  is  entitled  to  40  cents  per  day  for  their  use  and 
risk  so  long  as  the  scout  is  employed  and  the  horse  and  horse  equipments  are  furnished,  and  that 
the  allowance  continues  while  the  scout  is  temporarily  absent  from  duty  under  proper  authority." 

The  decision  of  the  Auditor  is  approved, 

R.  J.  Tracewell,  Comptroller. 
{Par.  558,  A.  R) 


[G.  O.  165,  Nov.  27,  1901.] 

The  following  order  has  been  received  from  the  War  Department: 

War  Department,  Washington,  November  27,  1901. 
With  a  view  to  maintaining  the  high  standard  of  instruction  and  general  training 
of  the  officers  of  the  Army  and  for  the  establishment  of  a  coherent  plan  by  which 
the  work  may  be  made  progressive,  the  Secretary  of  War  directs  that  the  following 
general  scheme  be  announced  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

THE   SYSTEM    OF   INSTRUCTION. 

There  shall  be  besides  the  Military  Academy  at  West  Point  the  following  schools 
for  the  instruction  of  officers  of  the  Army: 

1.  At  each  military  post  an  officers'  school  for  elementary  instruction  in  theory 
and  practice 


APPENDIX.  321 

2.  Special-service  schools — 

(a)  The  Artillery  School  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. 

(b)  The  Engineer  School  of  Application,  Washington  Barracks,  D.  C. 

(c)  The  School  of  Submarine  Defense,  Fort  Totten,  N.  Y. 

(d)  The  School  of  Application  for  Cavalry  and  Field  Artillery  at  Fort  Riley,  Kans. 

(e)  The  Army  Medical  School,  Washington,  D.  C. 

3.  A  General  Service  and  Staff  College  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kans. 

4.  A  War  College  for  the  most  advanced  instruction  at  Washington  Barracks,  D.  C. 
The  War  College  shall  be  under  the  immediate  direction  of  a  board  of  five~oflScers 

detailed  from  the  Army  at  large  and  the  following  ex  officio  members: 

The  Chief  of  Engineers. 

The  Chief  of  Artillery. 

The  Superintendent  of  the  Military  Academy. 

The  commanding  officer  of  the  General  Service  and  Staff  College. 

The  War  College  Board  shall  exercise  general  supervision  and  inspection  of  all  the 
different  schools  above  enumerated  and  shall  be  charged  with  the  duty  of  maintain- 
ing through  them  a  complete  system  of  military  education,  in  which  each  separate 
school  shall  perform  its  proper  part.  Such  officers  as  shall  be  requisite  to  assist  the 
board  in  performing  its  duties  will  be  detailed  from  time  to  time  for  that  purpose. 
It  should  be  kept  constantly  in  mind  that  the  object  and  ultimate  aim  of  all  this 
preparatory  work  is  to  train  officers  to  command  men  in  war.  Theory  must  not 
therefore  be  allowed  to  displace  practical  application. 

The  officers'  schools  at  military  posts  and  the  General  Service  and  Staff  College  will 
be  open  for  instruction  to  officers  of  the  National  Guard  of  the  several  States,  to  for- 
mer officers  of  volunteers,  and  to  graduates  of  military  schools  and  colleges  which 
have  had  officers  of  the  Army  as  instructors. 

The  special-service  schools  will  be  open  to  officers  of  the  National  Guard  and  for- 
mer officers  of  volunteers  who  shall  furnish  evidence  to  the  War  Department  of  such 
preliminary  education  as  to  enable  them  to  benefit  by  the  courses  of  instruction. 

The  college  staff  at  the  General  Service  and  Staff  College,  Fort  Leavenworth,  will 
make  report  for  the  information  of  the  Secretary  of  War  of  qualifications  of  officers 
of  the  National  Guard,  ex-volunteers,  and  graduates  of  military  schools  and  colleges 
who  shall  have  attended  the  college  or  shall  apply  for  examination,  and  shall  fur- 
ther certify  whether  or  not  they  are  qualified  for  service  as  officers  of  volunteers, 
specifying  the  character  of  service,  whether  line  or  staff,  for  which  they  are  specially 
qualified.  A  special  register  of  the  names  of  persons  so  reported  as  qualified  will  be 
kept  in  the  War  Department. 

A  register  shall  also  be  kept  in  the  War  Department  in  which  shall  be  entered  the 
names  of  officers  of  the  Regular  Army  below  the  grade  of  colonel,  as  follows: 

[a]  Officers  who  have  heretofore  exhibited  superior  capacity,  application,  and 
devotion  to  duty,  the  names  to  be  selected  by  a  board  of  officers  to  be 
convened  for  that  purpose. 
(6)  Officers  who  shall  be  reported  as  doing  specially  meritorious  work  in  the 

above-mentioned  schools  other  than  the  officers'  schools  at  posts, 
(c)  Officers  who  at  any  time  specially  distinguish  themselves  by  exceptionally 
meritorious  service. 

It  will  be  the  aim  of  the  Department  to  make  this  register  the  basis  of  selection  for 
details  as  staff  officers,  military  attaches,  and  for  special  service  requiring  a  high 
degree  of  professional  capacity. 

officers'  schools  at  posts. 

5.  No  officer  of  the  line  shall  be  excused  from  the  work  connected  with  the  offi- 
cers' school  at  any  post,  except  under  such  circumstances  as  would  exempt  him 
from  any  other  duty.     The  commanding  officer,  subject  to  the  usual  supervision  of 

22778—03 21 


822  APPENDIX. 

the  department  commander,  shall  have  immediate  charge  of  the  instruction,  which, 
to  secure  uniformity,  will  be  regulated  by  special  instructions  issued  by  the  War 
Department.  These  instructions  may  be  changed  from  time  to  time  as  experience 
may  develop  the  necessity  therefor. 

Systematic  recitation  will  be  required  ordinarily  only  from  officers  of  the  grade  of 
first  and  second  lieutenant  in  administration,  drill  regulations,  manual  of  guard  duty, 
small-arms  firing  regulations,  troops  in  campaign,  minor  tactics,  military  law,  field 
engineering,  military  topography  and  sketching,  international  law,  hippology  (for 
cavalry  and  field  artillery),  a  general  knowledge  of  methods,  materials,  and  imple- 
ments essential  to  coast  defense  (for  coast  artillery). 

All  captains  of  the  line  of  less  than  ten  years'  service,  except  those  possessing 
diplomas  as  graduates  of  the  Infantry  and  Cavalry  School  at  Fort  Leavenworth, 
Kans.,  or  the  Artillery  School  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  will  be  required  to  qualify  in  the 
course  herein  prescribed. 

Every  officer  will  be  required  to  fit  himself  thoroughly  for  the  responsible  duties 
of  his  grade,  and  to  that  end  commanding  officers  will  afford  ample  opportunities  to 
each  one  taking  the  course  to  familiarize  himself  practically  with  post  and  company 
administration,  the  duties  of  quartermaster,  commissary  of  subsistence,  ordnance 
officer,  etc.  To  that  end  oflEicers  will  in  turn  be  assigned  to  duty  as  assistants  to  the 
post  staff  officers  for  such  periods  as  the  commanding  officer  may  deem  necessary  to 
acquaint  them  with  the  various  duties. 

Thoroughness  should  be  the  guiding  principle  in  this  instruction,  which  is  intended 
to  be  carried  on  from  year  to  year.  No  more  will  be  undertaken  than  can  be 
thoroughly  completed  during  the  school  season. 

At  the  close  of  each  school  season  every  commanding  officer  will  appoint  a  board 
of  competent  officers  to  examine  each  officer  as  to  his  proficiency  in  the  subjects 
completed  during  the  course.  Whenever  a  board  certifies  to  the  proficiency  of  an 
officer  in  any  subject  and  the  proceedings  are  approved  by  the  commanding  officer 
a  statement  to  that  effect  shall  be  entered  in  the  post  records,  a  copy  of  which  shall 
be  furnished  to  the  officer  concerned  and  which  shall  entitle  him  thereafter  to  be 
excused  from  further  recitation  in  that  particular  subject. 

Whenever  the  number  of  officers  in  any  garrison  is  so  small  that  a  suflEicient  num- 
ber can  not  be  secured  to  conduct  the  examinations  of  officers  who  have  pursued  any 
portion  of  the  course  laid  down  for  their  instruction,  the  examinations  will  be  deferred 
until  opportunity  occurs  for  ordering  them  to  appear  before  a  proper  board.  Depart- 
ment commanders  are  authorized  to  order  officers  to  adjacent  posts  for  the  purpose 
of  examination,  or  to  order  specially  qualified  officers  from  adjacent  posts  to  com- 
plete the  number  required  for  an  examining  board,  which  shall  in  all  cases  consist 
of  three  members.  Those  officers  who  exhibit  the  most  aptitude  and  intelligence  in 
the  course  pursued  will  be  reported  to  their  respective  regimental  or  corps  command- 
ers with  a  view  to  their  detail  at  the  General  Service  and  Staff  College  at  Fort 
Leavenworth,  Kans.,  for  further  instruction. 

Those  who  fail  to  acquire  a  proper  degree  of  efficiency  in  any  subject  will  be 
required  to  repeat  the  course,  and  in  the  event  of  a  second  failure  special  report  will 
be  made  by  the  commanding  officer  with  a  view  to  its  consideration  by  the  board 
which  may  be  thereafter  designated  to  examine  the  officer  as  to  his  fitness  for 
promotion. 

THE   GENERAL   SERVICE    AND   STAFF   COLLEGE. 

6.  The  Infantry  and  Cavalry  School  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kans.,  shall  be  enlarged 
and  developed  into  a  general  service  and  staff  college,  and  shall  be  a  school  of 
instruction  for  all  arms  of  the  service,  the  designation  of  which  shall  be  "  The  Gen- 
eral Service  and  Staff  College,"  and  to  which  shall  be  sent  officers,  preferably  of  the 
grade  of  lieutenant,  who  have  been  recommended  for  proficiency  attamed  in  the 


APPENDIX.  323 

officers'  schools  conducted  in  the  various  posts.  The  college  will  be  opened  Septem- 
ber 1,  1902,  and  for  the  present  the  instruction  will  be  limited  to  a  period  of  one 
year,  and  such  additional  time  as  may  be  necessary  to  complete  the  annual  maneu- 
vers which  it  is  contemplated  shall  be  carried  out  each  autumn  conjointly  with  such 
garrisons  as  may  be  assembled  for  the  purpose.  The  permanent  garrison  for  the 
General  Service  and  Staff  College  will  consist  of  four  companies  of  engineers,  four 
troops  of  cavalry,  three  batteries  of  field  artillery,  twelve  companies  of  infantry,  a 
band,  Signal  Corps  detachment.  Hospital  Corps  detachment,  post  noncommissioned 
staff,  and  such  field  officers,  instructors,  and  student  officers,  in  addition  to  those 
belonging  to  the  organizations  serving  at  the  post,  as  may  be  ordered  from  time  to 
time. 

In  order  that  the  accommodations  of  the  post  may  be  utilized  to  their  fullest 
capacity  in  the  immediate  future  for  student  officers,  instructors  will  as  far  as  practi- 
cable be  detailed  from  officers  on  duty  with  troops  composing  the  garrison.  In  order 
that  these  details  may  not  unduly  deplete  the  quota  of  officers  necessary  for  duty 
with  organizations  at  the  posts  officers  pertaining  thereto  who  are  on  detached  serv- 
ice may  be  relieved  or  transferred,  so  that  as  nearly  as  possible  a  full  complement 
may  be  present  at  all  times.  Officers  possessing  special  qualifications  as  instructors 
will  be  detailed  as  heretofore. 

Upon  the  conclusion  of  the  annual  examinations  the  college  staff  will  recommend 
such  student  officers  as  have  especially  distinguished  themselves  for  further  instruc- 
tion in  the  War  College.  Such  recommendations  will  make  mention  of  any  special 
qualifications  or  attainments  of  individual  officers. 

A  board  of  officers  will  be  convened  prior  to  the  date  fixed  for  opening  ths  college 
to  establish  a  theoretical  and  practical  course  to  be  pursued,  and  thereafter  the  college 
staff  will  make  recommendations  for  such  amendments  or  changes,  from  time  to 
time,  as  experience  may  dictate  as  desirable. 

THE   ARMY   WAR   COLLEGE. 

7.  A  college  is  hereby  established  for  an  advanced  course  of  professional  study  for 
army  officers,  to  be  known  as  the  Army  War  College.  Such  buildings  and  grounds 
as  may  be  available  and  necessary  will  be  assigned  to  its  use  on  the  reservation  at 
Washington  Barracks,  D.  C. 

The  executive  head  of  the  college  will  be  an  officer  of  the  Army,  not  below  the 
grade  of  field  officer,  who  will  be  known  as  the  president  of  the  Army  War  College, 
and  will  preside  over  the  War  College  Board.  A  course  of  instruction  embracing  the 
higher  branches  of  professional  study  will  be  arranged  by  the  board,  and  this  board 
will  also  prepare  and  submit  for  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War  such  regula- 
tions for  the  government  of  the  college  as  it  shall  deem  necessary. 

The  officers  to  be  detailed  to  pursue  the  course  at  the  War  College  will  be  of  two 
classes: 

(a)  Those  who  have  been  recommended  as  distinguished  graduates  of  the  Gen- 
eral Service  and  Staff  College. 
(6)  Such  field  officers  and  captains  as  may  be  specially  designated  by  the  War 
Department  for  instruction. 
It  is  intended  that  the  officers  who  have  uniformly  shown  the  greatest  interest  and 
most  proficiency  in  the  theoretical  and  practical  courses  prescribed  for  the  officers' 
schools  at  posts,  the  General  Service  and  Staff  College,  and  the  War  College  shall 
have-  high  consideration  of  the  War  Dapartment,  with  a  view  to  the  utilization  of 
their  abilities  as  military  attaches,  or  on  special  missions  abroad,  and  for  the  higher 
duties  of  general  staff  work. 

SERVICE   SCHOOLS. 

8.  The  Artillery  School  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  the  School  of  Application  for  Cav- 
alry and  Field  Artillery  at  Fort  Riley,  Kans.,  the  Engineer  School  of  Application  at 


324  APPENDIX. 

Washington,  Barracks,  T>.  C,  and  the  School  of  Submarine  Defense,  Fort  Totten, 
N.  Y.,  will  be  conducted  under  special  regulations  promulgated  from  time  to  time 
for  their  government. 

No  detail  to  any  of  the  above-mentioned  schools  or  boards  shall  continue  more 
than  four  years,  nor  shall  any  officer  be  permitted  to  pass  from  one  school  to  another 
without  an  intervening  tour  of  service  with  troops  proportionate  to  the  period  of  his 
previous  school  service. 

Careful  study  and  consideration  of  what  has  been  accomplished  in  the  past  and 
what  appears  to  be  desirable  for  the  future  leads  to  the  conclusion  that  the  system 
of  training  for  officers  should  begin  with  a  course  at  each  post  and  thence  to  the 
General  Service  and  Staff  College,  from  which  the  distinguished  graduates  should  be 
sent  for  the  higher  instruction  contemplated  in  the  Army  War  College.  Especial 
attention  will  be  paid  to  the  record  made  by  individuals  at  each  step  of  this  progress- 
ive course,  in  order  that  those  most  deserving  shall  be  given  further  opportunity 
for  perfecting  themselves  in  the  profession  of  arms,  and  in  order  that  the  nation 
may  have  at  all  times  at  its  disposal  a  highly  trained  body  of  officers  and  may  know 
who  they  are. 

It  will  require  time  and  experience  to  bring  the  details  of  this  progressive  scheme 
to  perfection,  but  the  Secretary  of  War  indulges  the  hope  that  the  hearty  sympathy 
and  cooperation  of  all  officers  of  the  Army  will  be  enlisted,  to  the  end  that  full  suc- 
cess may  be  attained. 

Elihu  Root,  Secretary  of  War. 


{Art.  L,  A.  R.) 

[Cir.  4.  Jan.  16, 1902.] 


The  Secretary  of  War  directs  that  hereafter  disbursing  officers  engaged  in  making 
frequent  purchases  and  contracts  will  before  the  commencement  of  a  fiscal  year 
request  general  authority  to  advertise  for  the  ensuing  fiscal  year.  Such  authority 
will  be  granted  to  the  office,  not  to  the  officer.  Accounts  for  publishing  advertise- 
ments will  be  submitted  for  audit,  in  accordance  with  paragraph  585  of  the  Regula- 
tions, as  soon  as  practicable  after  their  receipt  from  the  publisher  or  proprietor  Of 
the  newspaper  in  which  the  advertisement  was  published. 

{Pars.  581  and  585,  A.  R.) 

*  *  -x-  *  *  *  * 


fCir.  31,  Aug.  31,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Judge- 
Ad  voeate-General  of  the  Army,  dated  August  22,  1901,  and  approved  by  the  Acting 
Secretary  of  War  on  August  23,  1901,  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information 
and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Purchases  after  less  than  ten  days'  notice  no  longer  fall  within  the  description  of 
"emergency  purchases"  as  that  term  is  used  in  the  act  of  March  2,  1901,  and  as  such 
need  not  be  entered  in  the  report  required  to  be  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  War 
by  paragraph  648  of  the  Army  Regulations  of  1901. 

{Par.  596  and  64S,  A.  R.) 


[G.  0. 133,  Oct.  11,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  provisions  of  all  general  orders  and 
circulars  heretofore  issued  from  this  office  relating  to  the  subsistence  of  recruits  and 
recruiting  parties  which  are  not  embodied  in  the  Army  Regulations  of  1901,  or  in 


APPENDIX.  325 

General  Orders,  No.  130,  October  3,  1901,  are  hereby  revoked,  and  the  following 
instructions,  supplemental  to  the  provisions  of  the  Regulations  on  the  subject,  are 
published  for  the  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

1.  Upon  the  arrival  of  a  recruiting  officer  at  a  city  or  town  where  he  is  to  establish 
a  recruiting  station,  he  will  at  once  make  inquiries  at  the  available  places  in  the 
neighborhood  of  the  station  as  to  the  prices  at  which  meals  for  his  party  can  be 
obtained,  and  will  procure  them,  of  proper  quality,  by  open  purchase  at  the  most 
reasonable  rates  until  he  can  advertise  for  proposals  by  means  of  Form  No.  28,  Sub-, 
sistence  Department. 

2.  This  advertisement  (Form  No.  28)  will  be  distributed  to  probable  bidders  and 
be  posted  in  public  places  for  ten  days  before  the  opening  of  bids.  A  copy,  with  a 
list  of  persons  to  whom  distributed  entered  on  the  first  fold,  will  be  at  once  mailed  to 
the  Commissary-General.  If  the  notice  was  for  a  period  of  less  than  ten  days  the 
reason  why  a  longer  period  was  not  allowed  will  be  stated  on  that  fold. 

3.  When  the  recruiting  officer  has  made  award  he  will  sign  the  acceptance  and 
furnish  the  successful  bidder  with  a  copy  of  the  same. 

4.  The  commanding  officer  of  a  garrisoned  post  at  which  an  officer  has  been  desig- 
nated as  a  recruiting  officer  will  assign  all  recruits  to  companies  for  rations  and  all 
proper  subsistence  expenses  incurred  in  connection  with  their  enlistment  or  the 
forwarding  of  them  to  destination  will  be  paid  by  the  post  commissary  on  the  order 
of  the  commanding  officer. 

5.  If  the  money  value  of  the  articles  sold  to  a  recruit  under  paragraph  1431  of  the 
Regulations  be  not  collected  before  he  leaves  the  recruiting  station,  post,  or  rendez- 
vous, it  will  be  noted  on  his  descriptive  and  assignment  card  in  order  that  it  may  be 
withheld  by  the  paymaster  at  the  first  payment  after  the  recruit  joins  his  company. 

6.  Recruiting  officers  not  stationed  at  garrisoned  posts  will  obtain  subsistence  funds 
for  advancing  commutation  of  rations,  paying  coffee  money  to  recruits,  and  paying 
vouchers  for  meals  furnished,  etc.,  by  written  requests  upon  the  chief  commissaries 
of  departments  in  which  they  are  respectively  recruiting, 

7.  In  drawing  checks  against  subsistence  funds  placed  to  their  credit  in  subtreas- 
uries  or  depositories  recruiting  officers  will  add  after  their  names  their  rank  and  the 
designation  "Commissary,"  simply,  thus:  ''Henry  Bell,  Lieut,  Commissary." 

8.  Each  voucher  paid  by  recruiting  officers  from  subsistence  funds  held  in  their 
personal  possession  under  paragraph  665  of  the  Regulations  will  have  noted  thereon 
their  check  (by  number  and  date,  and  the  name  of  the  depository  on  which  drawn) 
from  the  proceeds  of  which  the  money  in  personal  possession  arose.  The  number 
and  amount  of  each  of  the  vouchers  so  paid  will  be  noted  on  the  stub  of  the  check 
or  on  a  schedule  attached  thereto. 

9.  Recruiting  officers  will  pay  in  person  to  each  recruit  the  commutation  of  rations 
or  coffee  money  to  which  he  may  be  entitled,  or  will  cause  it  to  be  conveyed  to  him 
only  by  the  hand  of  a  commissioned  officer. 

10.  Referring  to  the  provisions  of  paragraphs  1411  and  1412  of  the  Regulations, 
attention  is  called  to  that  provision  of  the  contract  for  meals  (Form  No.  28,  Sub- 
sistence Department)  which  stipulates  that  lunches  shall  be  furnished  when  required. 
These  lunches  (cooked  rations)  are  intended  for  the  use  of  recruits  traveling. 

11.  A  recruiting  officer  not  stationed  at  a  garrisoned  post  will,  if  he  is  furnished 
with  funds,  make  payment  of  all  subsistence  accounts.  If  not  so  furnished,  he  will 
send  the  vouchers,  prepared  on  Form  No.  8  when  for  subsistence  stores,  and  on 
Form  No.  11  when  for  meals— the  certificates  thereon  being  properly  modified— to 
the  chief  commissary  of  the  department  in  which  his  station  is  located,  or  to  such 
other  officer  as  may  be  directed  to  make  the  payments. 

12.  The  following  paragraphs  of  the  Army  Regulations  of  1901  are  the  principal 
ones  relating  to  the  duties  of  recruiting  officers  in  the  matter  of  the  subsistence  of 
recruits:  665,  1388,  1411,  1412,  1413,  1414,  1415,  and  1431;  also  1404^  and  1413^,  pub- 


326  APPENDIX. 

lished  in  General  Orders,  No.  130,  October  3,  1901,  from  this  office.     Parapjraph  IV 
of  General  Orders,  No.  130,  October  3, 1901,  from  this  office,  also  relates  to  the  subject. 
{See  citation  of  paragraphs,  Army  Regulations,  herein. ) 


[G.  O.  110,  Auff.  19,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

1.  An  officer  to  whom  an  official  check  book  is  issued  by  the  Treasurer  or  an 
assistant  treasurer  of  the  United  States  will  at  once  receipt  for  it  to  the  Treasurer  or 
to  the  assistant  treasurer  from  whom  it  was  received. 

2.  An  officer  relieved  from  duty  as  a  disbursing  officer  and  having  a  check  book 
on  the  Treasurer  or  an  assistant  treasurer  in  his  possession  will  cut  from  the  book  the 
stubs  used  by  him  (to  be  filed  with  his  retained  papers),  and  will  transfer  the  unused 
checks  and  stubs  to  his  successor,  taking  a  receipt  therefor  in  duplicate,  which  shall 
describe  the  unused  checks  by  their  serial  numbers,  one  copy  of  which  will  be  trans- 
mitted by  the  officer  relieved  to  the  Treasurer  or  to  the  assistant  treasurer  by  whom 
the  check  book  was  originally  issued.  If  there  be  no  successor  the  book  of  unused 
checks  and  stubs,  after  the  used  stubs  have  been  removed,  will  be  at  once  returned 
to  the  Treasurer  or  assistant  treasurer  by  whom  originally  issued,  with  a  letter  describ- 
ing the  serial  numbers  of  the  unused  checks  so  returned  and  a  receipt  obtained 
therefor.  Before  transferring  any  check  book  the  transferring  officer  will  firstexamine 
the  unused  checks  to  see  that  there  is  no  break  in  the  serial  numbers  showing  that 
checks  are  missing. 

3.  An  officer  who,  for  the  convenience  of  any  disbursing  officer,  detaches  any  blank 
checks  and  stubs  from  the  check  book  on  the  Treasurer  or  any  assistant  treasurer  in 
his  possession,  will  take  the  receipt  of  such  <lisbursing  officer  in  duplicate  for  such 
checks  by  serial  numbers  and  transmit  one  copy  of  the  same  in  the  manner  directed 
in  the  preceding  paragraph. 

4.  Under  no  circumstances  will  unused  check  books  or  blank  checks  taken  from 
check  books  on  the  Treasurer  or  an  assistant  treasurer  be  kept  for  an  unreasonable  time 
in  the  possession  of  any  disbursing  officer  of  the  War  Department.  If  at  any  time 
his  credit  with  the  Treasurer  or  an  assistant  treasurer  becomes  exhausted,  and  there 
is  no  reasonable  expectation  that  money  will  be  placed. to  his  credit  at  an  early  day, 
he  will  transfer  his  check  book  or  checks  to  the  Treasurer  or  assistant  treasurer  in 
the  manner  directed  in  the  second  paragraph  hereof.  If  he  has  notice  of  a  remit- 
tance, or  a  reasonable  expectation  that  money  at  an  early  day  will  be  placed  to  his 
credit,  he  will  upon  his  deposit  becoming  exhausted,  inform  the  Treasurer  or  assist- 
ant treasurer  of  such  notice  or  of  such  expectation  and  renew  the  advice  to  the  Treas- 
urer or  assistant  treasurer  semimonthly  until  the  remittance  is  received  or  until  the 
check  book  or  checks  are  transferred. 

5.  The  correctness  of  any  erasure  or  alteration  made  by  a  disbursing  officer  on  any 
check  drawn  by  him  will  be  certified  to  by  him  across  the  face  of  the  check. 

6.  Mutilated  or  spoiled  checks  on  the  Treasurer  or  any  assistant  treasurer  will  be 
forwarded  monthly,  under  cover  of  a  letter  describing  the  checks,  to  the  Treasurer 
or  assistant  treasurer  by  whom  issued. 

7.  In  the  interest  not  only  of  the  disbursing  officer  himself,  but  of  the  Treasurer, 
the  assistant  treasurer,  and  innocent  takers  of  checks  made  out  on  the  official  blank- 
check  forms,  the  greatest  care  will  be  exercised  by  disbursing  officers  in  the  custody 
of  official  check  books.  They  will  be  kept  under  lock  and  key  when  not  in  use,  and 
the  serial  numbers  of  the  unused  checks  will  be  frequently  examined  to  see  that  no 
check  in  the  series  is  missing. 

{Pars.  678  and  687,  A.  R.) 


APPENDIX.  327 

[G.  0. 1,  Jan.  8,  1902.] 
******* 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  only  the  purchasing  commissaries  at  New 
York  and  San  Francisco,  and  the  depot  commissary  at  Manila,  P.  I.,  will  avail  them- 
selves of  the  foregoing  relaxation  of  the  law  granted  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
as  to  rendition  of  money  accounts  during  the  calendar  year  ending  December  31, 
1902;  all  other  money  accounts  in  the  Subsistence  Department  will  be  rendered 
within  ten  days  after  the  close  of  the  month,  as  required  by  paragraph  709  of  the 
Regulations  as  amended  in  General  Orders,  No.  160,  December  11,  1901,  from  this 
office. 

{Par.  709,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  12,  Apr.  8,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Hereafter  persons  before  whom  depositions  of  civilian  witnesses  are  taken  for  use 
before  courts-martial  will  be  paid  the  fees  allowed  by  the  law  of  the  place  where  the 
depositions  are  taken. 

{Par.  731,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  14,  Apr.  23.  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  letter  from  the  Comp- 
troller of  the  Treasury,  showing  his  construction  of  Treasury  Department  Circular 
No.  120,  of  October  30,  1887,  describing  the  method  of  reimbursing  one  department, 
l)ureau,  or  office  for  services  rendered  or  supplies  furnished  by  another  department, 
bureau,  or  office,  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all 
concerned : 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  April  7, 1902. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy. 

Sir:  I  have  received  your  letter  of  the  25th  ultimo  in  regard  to  the  modification  or  abrogation  of 
Treasury  Circular  No.  120,  of  October  ;W,  1887,  governing  the  payment  for  services  or  supplies  fur- 
nished by  one  department,  bureau,  or  office  to  another  department,  bureau,  or  office. 

On  January  27, 1902, 1  forwarded  to  you  a  copy  of  a  letter  on  this  subject  addressed  by  me  to  the  Secre- 
tary of  War,  in  which  I  stated  that  I  would  be  pleased  to  consider  any  statement  or  suggestion  which 
you  might  wish  to  make  after  answering  what  was  said  therein,  and  you  accordingly  inclose  a  letter 
from  the  Paymaster  General  of  the  Navy,  dated  the  22d  ultimo,  in  which  the  subject  is  thoroughly 
reviewed,  and  renew  your  request  made  in  a  former  letter — 

"  that  either  an  interpretation  of  the  circular  in  question  consistent  with  present  practice  or  a  simple 
modification  thereof  be  made  that  will  permit  of  the  continuance  of  the  method  of  making  payment 
of  supplies  received  from  other  departments  of  the  Government,  particularly  the  Ordnance  and 
Quartermaster's  departments  of  the  Army,  now  recognized  in  practice  by  both  departments." 

The  circular  in  question  is  as  follows: 

"Hereafter  vouchers  for  services  or  supplies  furnished  by  one  department,  bureau,  or  office  to 
another  department,  bureau,  or  office  must  be  sent  directly  to  the  Treasury  Department  for  settle- 
ment, or  the  amount  deposited  to  the  credit  of  the  proper  appropriation,  taking  triplicate  certificr.tes 
of  deposit  for  the  same,  one  of  which  must  accompany  the  voucher." 

The  Paymaster-General,  referring  to  the  interpretation  of  the  second  clause  of  the  circular  made  by 
me  in  my  letter  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  supra,  says: 

"The  Comptroller  is  of  opinion  that  the  deposit  to  the  credit  of  the  appropriation  should  be  made 
by  the  officer  who  makes  the  payment  for  the  supplies  transferred.  The  circular  itself,  however, 
does  not  so  state;  and  it  is  not  unreasonable  to  assume  that  had  such  been  the  intention  when  the 
circular  was  prepared,  clear  expression  would  have  been  given  to  that  requirement.  And  it  seems 
to  this  bureau  that  the  requirements  of  the  circular  are  fully  met  by  the  deposit  by  the  officer  who 
parts  with  the  supplies  to  the  credit  of  the  proper  appropriation  of  the  money  received  in  payment." 

I  can  not  agree  with  the  Paymaster-General  that  the  circular  does  not  state  that  the  deposit  to  the 


328  APPENDIX. 

credit  of  the  appropriation  must  be  made  by  the  officer  who  makes  the  payment  for  the  supplies 
transferred,  but  on  the  contrary  I  think  that  this  is  done,  if  not  in  exact  words,  at  least  by  necessary 
implication.  Nor  can  I  agree  with  him  that  the  requirements  of  the  circular  will  be  fully  met  if  the 
officer  who  parts  with  the  supplies  receives  the  money  and  thereupon  deposits  it  to  the  proper  appro- 
priation. An  officer  of  the  United  States  having  moneys  of  the  United  States  in  his  hands  or  posses- 
sion not  required  for  immediate  expenditure  is  required  by  general  law  to  deposit  the  same  in  the 
Treasury,  and  no  circular  was  needed  to  enforce  the  requirement.  It  seems  obvious  that  the  circular 
is  addressed  primarily  to  the  buying  officer  and  is  intended  to  prevent  him  from  making  direct  pay- 
ments to  the  selling  officer  by  requiring  him  either  to  send  the  account  direct  to  the  Treasury  Depart- 
ment for  settlement  or  to  himself  make  the  deposit  to  the  proper  appropriation. 

It  has  been  a  long-continued  and  well-recognized  practice  for  one  department,  bureau,  or  office  to 
furnish  supplies  to  another  and  to  charge  for  the  same  as  though  furnished  by  private  parties.  Such 
transactions  are  in  effect  sales  so  far  as  concerns  the  adjustment  of  the  appropriations  and  accounts 
involved,  although  not  sales  within  the  meaning  of  section  3618  of  the  Revised  Statutes,  requiring  the 
proceeds  of  sales  to  be  covered  into  the  General  Treasury,  the  title  to  the  property  still  remaining  in 
the  United  States  and  the  proceeds  still  belonging  to  the  appropriation  from  which  it  was  bought. 
The  former  general  practice  was  for  the  buying  officer  to  pay  directly  to  the  selling  officer  the  value 
of  the  property  bought,  taking  his  receipt  therefor,  which  made  a  voucher  to  his  cash  account.  The 
money  received  by  the  selling  officer  was  thereupon,  if  properly  disposed  of,  to  be  deposited  by  the 
selling  officer  to  the  credit  of  the  appropriation  from  which  the  supplies  were  originally  bought.  It 
frequently  happens,  however,  that  the  accounts  of  the  buying  officer  were  settled  by  one  Auditor  while 
those  of  the  selling  officer  were  settled  by  another,  so  that  the  Aiidiior  who  credited  the  buying  officer 
with  the  payment  made  by  him  could  not  readily  know  whether  the  money  received  by  the  selling 
officer  was  in  fact  deposited  by  him.  With  some  of  the  Auditors,  and  perhaps  with  all,  it  was  the 
practice  not  to  credit  the  buying  officer  with  the  payment  until  a  warrant  had  issued  showing  that 
the  selling  officer  had  deposited  the  money  to  the  proper  appropriation,  although  the  former  had  a 
proper  receipt  for  the  payment  made  by  him. 

To  obviate  these  difficulties  and  delays  Circular  No.  120  was  issued. 

The  first  clause  prescribes  that  no  payment  shall  be  made,  but  that  the  account  shall  be  sent  to  the 
Treasury  Department  for  settlement.  If  this  is  done  a  transfer  between  the  appropriations  is  mado 
and  the  cash  accounts  of  neither  officer  are  involved.  The  other  alternative,  which  is  the  one 
objected  to,  provides  a  means  by  which  the  cash  accounts  of  only  the  buying  officer  are  affected  when 
he  deposits,  from  an  appropriation  which  has  been  advanced  and  charged  to  him,  the  price  of  the 
articles  bought  to  the  credit  of  the  appropriation  from  which  they  were  originally  bought.  This 
obviates  any  direct  payment  to  another  officer  of  any  public  money,  and  eliminates  the  cash  accounts 
of  the  selling  officer  from  the  transaction,  and  it  would  appear  at  first  glance  to  be  a  distinct  gain  in 
simplicity  and  accuracy  of  accounting  over  the  former  practice. 

From  the  foregoing  it  will  be  readily  seen  that  to  adopt  the  construction  of  the  circular  contended 
for  by  the  Paymaster-General,  or  to  modify  it  by  permitting  payment  to  be  made  to  the  selling  officer, 
which  in  effect  amounts  to  the  same  thing,  would  be  to  abrogate  the  circular  and  to  return  to  the 
practice  which  it  was  intended  to  supersede. 

The  Paymaster-General  states: 

"Such  (meaning  thereby  a  practical  continuance  of  the  former  practice)  has  been  the  practice  in 
matters  under  the  cognizance  of  this  Bureau,  and  it  has  many  advanfeiges  over  any  other.  For 
instance:  (a)  Payment  may  be  made  with  facility  even  though  the  officers  buying  and  selling 
respectively  are  serving  under  such  conditions  as  to  preclude  meeting  for  the  purpose,  either  in  per- 
son or  by  deputy.  (6)  The  deposit  will  be  made  by  the  officer  familiar  with  the  subject,  and  under 
the  proper  appropriation  to  be  credited,  (c)  This  method  complies  with  the  wish  already  expressed 
by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  and  quoted  in  previous  correspondence  in  Bureau's  indorsement  of 
January  10  relating  to  this  phase  of  the  question  then  under  consideration." 

It  appears  to  me  that  it  was  the  very  facility  with  which  the  money  was  passed  from  hand  to  hand 
and  the  difficulty  of  tracing  it  beyond  the  first  payment  which  led  to  the  issuance  of  the  circular, 
and  it  would  seem  that  the  correspondence  in  regard  to  the  transaction  between  officers  serving 
under  such  conditions  as  to  preclude  meeting  would  readily  furnish  all  information  necessary  to  lead 
to  the  deposit  of  the  amount  to  the  proper  appropriation.  Furthermore,  without  questioning  the 
action  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  in  apparently  waiving  the  requirements  of  the  circular  in  the 
particular  case  referred  to,  I  am  unable  to  see  in  his  action  any  intention  to  abrogate  it  entirely,  if 
indeed  his  action  may  not  have  been  based  upon  a  similar  misconstruction  of  or  a  failure  to  con- 
sider the  circular. 

The  Paymaster-General  further  states: 

"It  will  be  noted  from  the  correspondence  between  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department  and 
Surgeon-General  of  the  Army,  as  quoted  in  the  Comptroller's  letter  of  January  25,  that  the  Auditor 
distinctly  recognizes  the  method  of  the  Navy  in  making  payment  to  the  Ordnance  Department  of  the 
Army  as  perfectly  legitimate  under  the  requirements  of  the  circular,  and  compliance  with  the  same 
rule  was  all  he  insisted  upon  in  the  case  then  under  consideration.  The  Auditor  for  the  Navy  has 
long  recognized  the  same  practice,  and  no  objection  has  ever  before  been  raised  to  similar  payments 
to  the  Ordnance  Department  of  the  Army  involving  hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars.  Possibly  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  in  the  correspondence  previously  quoted  and  referred  to  above,  meant  to 


APPENDIX.  329 

indicate  that  this  method  now  practiced  by  both  departments  is  the  correct  interpretation  of  the 
meaning  of  the  circular  under  consideration.  If  not,  then  it  would  seem  the  very  fact  that  the 
Treasury  Department  finds  this  method  more  convenient  than  that  indicated  by  the  Comptroller's 
interpretation  of  the  circular  is  the  strongest  possible  argument  for  the  modification  of  the  circular." 
The  whole  trouble  in  ths  case  appears  to  be  that  circular  No.  120  has  not  been  lived  up  to  in  all 
cases,  owing  doubtless  in  most  cases  to  a  misconstruction  of  what  I  must  hold  to  be  its  plain  pro- 
visions, and  perhaps  in  some  cases  to  want  of  knowledge  of  the  circular.  It  was  issued  in  what  was 
believed  to  be  the  best  interest  of  public  accounting,  but  if  it  has  failed  to  demonstrate  its  usefulness, 
or  if  its  operation  is  found  to  be  burdensome  and  unnecessary,  it  should  be  abrogated.  I  do  not 
think  that  any  general  construction  which  would  not  amount  to  a  practical  abrogation  can  possibly 
be  made,  since  its  primary  object  is  to  prevent  the  very  thing  contended  for  by  the  Paymaster-Gen- 
eral, namely,  payments  by  one  officer  of  the  Government  directly  to  another  for  services  or  supplies 
furnished  by  one  department,  bureau,  or  office  to  another.  I  must  therefore  decline,  as  at  present 
advised,  to  modify  or  to  construe  differently  the  circular  in  question. 
Respectfully, 


{Par.  753,  A.  R.) 


R.  J.  Tracewell,  Comptroller. 


[Cir.  13,  Apr.  4,  1902.] 


The  attention  of  the  Secretary  of  War  having  been  called  to  the  numerous  lopses 
of  revolvers  and  small  arras  occurring  in  the  service,  he  directs  that  officers  respon- 
sible for  this  property  exercise  greater  care  in  preventing  such  losses;  they  will  be 
held  pecuniarily  responsible  for  the  same  in  all  cases  in  which  it  can  not  l)e  shown 
clearly  that  every  possible  precaution  was  taken. 

{Far.  764,  A.  E.) 

*  ****** 


[G.  O.  14,  Feb.  10,  1902.] 

The  following  order  has  been  received  from  the  War  Department: 

Circular. 

War  Department,  Washington,  January  28, 1902. 

The  following  order  of  the  President  to  the  War  Department  is  published  for  the  information  and 
guidance  of  all  concerned: 

"The  attention  of  the  departments  is  hereby  called  to  the  provisions  of  the  laws  giving  preference 
to  veterans  in  appointment  and  retention. 

"  The  President  desires  that  wherever  the  needs  of  the  service  will  justify  it,  and  the  law  will  per- 
mit, preference  shall  be  given  alike  in  appointment  and  retention  to  honorably  discharged  veterans 
of  the  civil  war  who  are  fit  and  well  qualified  to  perform  the  duties  of  the  places  which  they  seek 
or  are  filling. 

"Theodore  Roosevelt. 

"  White  House,  January  17, 1902." 

Bv  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

John  C.  Scofield,  Chief  Clerk. 
{Par.  808,  A.  R.) 

******* 


[Cir.  26,  July  24,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  for  the 
information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

The  Secretary  of  War  considers  that  the  interests  of  the  service  require  that 
employees  at  large  in  the  Department  must  be  subject  to  orders  in  regard  to  transfer 
of  station,  and  a  refusal  to  obey  such  orders  will  be  deemed  a  proper  and  sufficient 
reason  for  discharge  from  the  service. 

{Par.  809,  A.  R.) 


330  APPENDIX. 

[Cir.  15,  May  3,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comptroller 
of  the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all 
concerned: 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  op  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  D.  C,  April  23,  1902. 
The  Auditor  for  the  War  Department,  by  letter  dated  April  14,  1902,  has  reported,  under  the  provi- 
sions of  section  8  of  the  act  of  July  31,  1894  (28  Stat.,  208),  the  following  decision  for  approval,  disap- 
proval, or  modification: 

"In  the  examination  of  the  claim  (File  No.  55138;  Claim  No.  139263)  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad 
Company  for  the  sum  of  $93.85  as  compensation  for  the  transportation  of  two  clerks  from  Washington, 
D.  C,  and  York,  Pa.,  toOgden,  Utah,  en  route  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  Manila,  P.  I.,  the  question 
arises  as  to  whether  said  claim  is  payable  from  the  appropriation  '  Ordnance  Service,  1901 '  (31  Stat., 
21G),  or  from  the  appropriation  '  Transportation  of  the  Army  and  its  supplies,  1901 '  (31  Stat.,  213). 

"The  claim  is  based  on  two  transportation  requests  issued  by  the  depot  quartermaster  in  this  city 
in  December,  1900,  on  the  authority  of  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  U.  S.  Army,  dated  December  3,  1900,  in 
order  that  theaforesaid  clerks  might  proceed  to  Manila,  P.  I.,  and  report  to  the  chief  ordnance  officer. 
Division  of  the  Philppines,  for  duty. 

"The  act  of  May  26,  1900,  in  making  an  appropriation  for  the  transportation  of  the  Army  and  its 
supplies  during  the  fiscal  year  1901  provides  for  the  transportation  of  the  Army,  including  the 
transportation  '  of  the  necessary  agents  and  employees.'  This  provision  did  not  in  express  terms 
limit  the  necessary  agents  and  employees  to  those  of  the  Quartermaster's  Department  of  the  Army. 
As  the  appropriation  was  available  for  the  transportation  of  the  Army,  including  the  necessary 
agents  and  employees,  it  seems  obvious  that  it  was  available  for  the  necessary  agents  and  employees 
in  all  branches  of  the  military  service  and  not  limited  to  those  in  one  branch  of  said  service. 

"The  Chief  of  Ordnance  states  that  it  is  believed  that  the  words  quoted  refer  only  to  the  civilians 
in  the  employ  of  the  Quartermaster's  Department  of  the  Army.  He  also  states  that  the  authority 
under  which  the  Ordnance  Department  of  the  Army  pays  the  traveling  expenses  of  its  civilian  em- 
ployees at  arsenals  and  armories  is  paragraph  819  of  the  Army  Regulations  of  1901.  He  therefore 
holds  that  the  cost  of  transportation  furnished  the  aforesaid  ordnance  employees  should  be  paid  from 
the  appropriation  '  Ordnance  service,  1901.' 

"The  act  of  May  26,  1900,  in  making  an  appropriation  for  the  current  and  incidental  expenses  of 
the  ordnance  service  during  the  fiscal  year  1901  does  not  make  provision  in  express  terms  for  the  cost 
of  the  transportation  of  the  employees  of  the  Ordnance  Department  of  the  Army  at  arsenals  and 
armories. 

"Section  1133  of  the  Revised  Statutes  provides  in  part  as  follows: 

" '  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  officers  of  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  under  the  direction  of  the 
Secretary  of  War    *    *    *    to  furnish  means  of  transportation  of  the  Army.'    *    *    * 

"The  Second  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  uniformly  held  that  the  civilian  employees  of  the  Army 
were  a  part  of  the  '  troops'  of  the  United  States  within  the  meaning  of  the  land-grant  and  Army  ap- 
propriation acts.  (See  sections  356,  1029, 1399,  and  1507  of  volume  3  of  the  Digests  of  Decisions  of  the 
Second  Comptroller.) 

"In  section  1399  of  said  volume  he  held  that  the  word  'troops'  as  used  in  a  statute  providing  that 
certain  railways  should  be  public  highways  for  the  use  of  the  Government,  free  from  all  toll  or  other 
charge  upon  the  transportation  of  the  troops  of  the  United  States,  should  be  construed  to  mean  the 
Army  and  all  persons  connected  therewith  who  are  paid  out  of  the  army  appropriation  act,  and 
usually  called  'civilian  employees.' 

"In  view  of  the  foregoirg  facts  and  considerations,  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  cost  of  the  trans- 
portation of  the  aforesaid  clerks  is  properly  payable  from  the  appropriation  '  Transportation  of  the 
Army  and  its  supplies,  1901,'  and  not  from  the  appropriation  '  Ordnance  service,  1901.'  " 

The  appropriation  for  "Transportation  of  the  Army  and  its  supphes,  1901,"  act  of  May  26,  1900  (31 
Stat.,  213),  makes  provision  for  the  transportation  "of  the  necessary  agents  and  employees"  of  the 
Army  broad  enough  in  terms  to  include  the  transportation  of  all  the  necessary  agents  and  employees 
of  the  Army. 

The  appropriation  for  "Ordnance  service,  1901,"  made  by  the  same  act  (31  Stat.,  216),  provides  for 
the  incidental  expenses  of  the  Ordnance  Department.  This  appropriation  is  specific  enough  in  terms 
to  include  the  traveling  expenses  of  the  employees  of  the  Ordnance  Department  necessarily  incurred 
in  carrying  out  the  objects  of  the  appropriation. 

The  Army  Regulations  of  1901,  by  paragraph  819,  provide  that  actual  traveling  expenses  of 
employees  at  arsenals  and  armories  (cost  of  transportation  included)  are  to  be  paid  from  the  appro- 
priations for  the  service  of  the  Ordnance  Department. 

If  there  is  any  doubt  whether  the  appropriation  for  the  Ordnance  Department  shall  be  charged 
with  this  expenditure  that  doubt  is  resolved  by  the  regulation  of  the  War  Department  charged  with 
the  disbursement  of  both  the  appropriations  involved. 


APPENDIX.  331 

I  am  therefore  of  opinion  and  so  decide  that  the  necessary  traveling  expenses  of  the  civilian 
employees  of  the  Ordnance  Department  for  the  fiscal  year  1901  should  be  paid  from  the  appropri- 
ation for  the  "Ordnance  service." 

The  decision  of  the  Auditor  is  therefore  disapproved.  Settlement  of  the  account  above  referred  to 
sliould  be  made  in  accordance  with  this  decision. 

The  papers  in  the  case  transmitted  by  the  Auditor  are  herewith  returned, 

R.  J.  Tracewell,  Comptroller. 

{Par.  819,  A.  E.) 


LG.  0.61,  May  1,  1901. J  _ 

The  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all 
concerned : 

The  Secretary  of  War  directs  that  the  attention  of  department  commanders  and  of 
all  officers  charged  with  the  duty  of  making  or  approving  estimates  or  requisitions 
for  the  expenditure  of  money  be  called  to  the  importance  of  careful  scrutiny  and 
painstaking  to  avoid  unnecessary  expense.  The  requirements  of  active  military 
operations  always  tend  toward  habits  of  expense  not  justified  in  time  of  peace. 
With  the  gradual  disappearance  of  those  military  necessities  which  must  be  met 
without  regard  to  cost  the  Army  will  be  held  responsible  by  the  people  of  the  coun- 
try for  a  reduction  of  expenses  and  a  rigid  economy.  The  Secretary  desires  the 
assistance  of  all  officers  in  bringing  about  this  result. 

{Par.  829,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  3,  Jan.  10,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

In  connection  with  the  instructions  calHng  attention  to  the  importance  of  careful 
scrutiny  and  painstaking  to  avoid  unnecessary  expense  in  making  or  approving  esti- 
mates or  requisitions  for  the  expenditure  of  money,  as  published  in  General  Orders, 
No.  61,  1901,  from  this  office,  it  is  desired  when  estimates  requiring  expenditures  of 
funds  for  repairs,  alterations,  or  improvements  at  military  posts  or  elsewhere  are 
submitted  that  they  be  accompanied  by  such  statement  of  existing  conditions  and 
the  reasons  for  the  necessity  for  the  work  as  will  make  clear  to  the  Secretary  the 
facts  in  the  case. 

The  Secretary  will  rely  upon  the  department  commanders  to  examine  carefully  all 
these  estimates  passing  through  department  headquarters  and  to  make  suitable  rec- 
ommendations in  the  premises. 

{Par.  829,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  70,  May  16,  1901.] 
*  *  *  *  *  *  * 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned. 

Hereafter  all  communications  on  official  matters  from  officers  of  the  Army  to  the 
Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  will  be  sent  through  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army. 
{Par.  853,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  25,  July  25, 1900.J 

For  convenience  and  uniformity  all  printed  orders  and  circulars  should  be  the 
size  of  the  general  orders  issued  from  this  office  and  those  in  manuscript  upon  letter 
size  paper,  leaving  a  margin  of  IJ  inches  for  binding. 

{Par.  856,  A.  R.) 


332  APPENDIX. 


■  .'•  [G.  O.  104,  Aug.  6,  1901.] 

♦  «  *  *  *  ♦  * 

No  job  printing  for  envelopes  other  than  that  authorized  by  A.  R.,  908,  will  be 
allowed,  but  in  order  to  facilitate  business  such  inexpensive  rubber  stamps  as  may 
be  absolutely  necessary  for  use  in  event  of  change  of  station,  address,  etc.,  may 
be  provided,  thereby  effecting  a  large  saving  in  the  event  of  change  of  station, 
address,  etc. 

******* 

{Par.  90S,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  3,  Jan.  7, 1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  instructions  are  published  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  recruiting  officers: 

1.  When  a  writ  of  habeas  corpus  issued  by  either  a  Federal  or  State  court  is  served 
upon  a  recruiting  officer  in  the  case  of  any  person  in  his  custody,  the  Adjutant- 
General  will  be  at  once  notified  by  telegraph  in  order  that  the  Judge- Advocate-General 
of  the  Army  may  be  advised  in  season  to  insure  a  proper  and  timely  presentation 
of  the  case  on  behalf  of  the  United  States.  (Paragraphs  1074  and  1075  of  the 
Regulations.) 

2.  The  numerous  applications  for  the  discharge  of  soldiers  on  the  ground  of  minor- 
ity emphasize  the  necessity  for  the  exercise  of  the  utmost  care  by  recruiting  officers 
to  prevent  the  improper  enlistment  of  such  persons,  and  to  this  end  a  strict  compli- 
ance with  paragraph  924  of  the  Regulations  is  enjoined  upon  all  recruiting  officers, 
who  are  charged  to  give  their  personal  attention  to  such  matters.  Extreme  caution 
must  be  exercised  in  the  cases  of  young  men  who  claim  to  be  21  years  of  age,  or  a 
few  months  over  that  age,  and  every  such  applicant  should  be  rejected  under  the 
terms  of  the  regulation  cited  unless  he  shall  by  competent  proof  remove  any  doubt 
as  to  his  being  of  proper  age  to  enlist.  The  unsupported  statement  of  the  applicant 
must  not  be  accepted. 

When  an  applicant  presents  himself  for  enlistment  as  a  minor  the  written  consent 
of  parent  or  guardian  must  not  be  accepted  unless  the  recruiting  officer,  after  careful 
and  thorough  inquiry,  be  fully  assured  of  its  authenticity,  and  that  the  person 
signing  the  same  has  the  right  to  do  so,  and  in  no  case  should  the  written  consent  of 
a  guardian  be  accepted  without  first  ascertaining  that  such  person  has  been  legally 
appointed  to  act  in  that  capacity.  Whenever  practicable,  the  written  consent  in  case 
of  a  minor  should  be  signed  in  the  presence  of  the  recruiting  officer. 

{Pars.  924,  1074,  and  1076,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  63,  May  3,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

The  act  of  Congress  approved  February  2,  1901,  authorizing  the  appointment  of 
"contract  surgeons,"  and  that  term  being  also  employed  in  the  act  making  appro- 
priations for  the  support  of  the  Army  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1902,  the 
term  "acting  assistant  surgeon,"  as  applied  to  physicians  employed  under  contract 
with  the  Surgeon-General,  will  be  discontinued  and  the  designation  "contract  sur- 
geon, U.  S.  Army,"  will  be  used  in  all  orders  and  official  correspondence,  and  con- 
tract surgeons  will  use  that  term  in  affixing  all  official  signatures. 

{Par.  940,  A.R.) 


APPENDIX.  333 

[Cir.  35,  Oct.  7,  1901.] 
*  ****** 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of .  War,  and  in  order  to  promote  efficiency 
in  tlie  vaccination  of  recruits,  the  following  directions  will  be  observed  by  medicail 
examiners  in  carrying  into  effect  the  requirements  of  paragraph  942  of  the  Regula- 
tions of  1901: 

1.  Sterilize  the  area  to  be  vaccinated — usually  the  outer  aspect  of  the  left  arm  at 
or  near  the  insertion  of  the  deltoid — by  thoroughly  scrubbing  with  soap  and  water, 
using  a  scrub  brush  and  following  with  alcohol.  The  skin  should  be  permitted  to 
dry  by  evaporation. 

2.  Scarify  the  arm  within  the  sterile  area  at  three  points  not  less  than  an  inch 
from  one  another.  This  should  be  done  with  a  sterile  needle  or  lancet  by  making 
several  fine  parallel  scratches  and  cross  scratches.  These  should  be  only  deep 
enough  to  slightly  redden  the  surface. 

3.  Apply  the  lymph  from  tube  or  point,  spread  it  over  the  scarified  surface  with 
a  suitable  sterile  instrument,  allow  to  dry,  and  then  cover  with  sterile  protective 


{Far.  942,  A,  R.) 


[G.  O.  46,  May  23,  1902.1 


II.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  all  organized  troops  en  route  for  service 
in  the  division  of  the  Philippines  will,  prior  to  departure  from  their  respective  sta- 
tions, be  furnished  with  certificates  that  they  have  been  inspected  and  are  protected 
against  smallpox,  in  order  to  assist  the  medical  authorities  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
in  determining  the  necessity  of  detention  and  observation  there. 

No  recruits  will  be  sent  from  San  Francisco  to  the  division  of  the  Philippines  until 
they  have  been  held  under  observation  long  enough  to  develop  any  infectious  disease 
to  which  they  may  have  been  exposed  prior  to  enlistment. 

{Par.  94s,  A.  R.) 

******* 


[G.  O.  119,  Sept.  9,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  requirements  of  Paragraph  IV, 
General  Orders,  No.  49,  April  13,  1900,  from  this  office,  prohibiting  the  turning  in 
of  cavalry  horses  unfit  for  that  service  to  the  Quartermaster's  Department  for  use 
as  team  or  draft  horses,  are  extended  to  include  artillery  horses. 

{Par.  975,  Sec.  12,  and  1150,  A.  R.) 

•::•*****« 


[Cir.  13,  Apr.  15, 1901.] 

The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  informa- 
tion and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

Stationery  for  general  prisoners. — The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  fur- 
nish, upon  requisition  of  officers  in  charge  of  general  prisoners,  such  quantities  of  plain 
letter  paper,  envelopes,  and  postage  stamps  as  may  be  required  for  the  use  of  pris- 
oners but  limited  to  the  number  of  letters  permitted  to  be  written  by  them  under 


334  APPENDIX. 

paragraphs  26  and  27  of  special  rules  published  in  General  Orders,  No.  55,  of  1895, 
from  this  office.     Applications  for  clemency  will  be  treated  as  official  mail  matter. 

The  paper,  envelopes,  and  postage  stamps  will  be  expended  upon  the  certificate 
of  the  officer  in  charge,  approved  by  the  post  commander. 

{Par.  1011,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  20,  June  15,  1901.] 

Remission  and  mitigation  of  court-martial  sentences. — Under  the  one  hun- 
dred and  twelfth  article  of  war  it  is  held  that  a  department  commander  may  remit 
or  mitigate,  in  his  discretion,  the  unexecuted  sentences  of  enlisted  men  under  his 
command,  notwithstanding  the  court  which  awarded  them  was  convened  and  the 
sentences  approved  by  the  commander  of  another  department. 

{Par.  1017,  A.  P.,  and  Art.  of  War,  112.) 


[Cir.  38,  Oct.  19,  1901.] 

♦  *  *  *  *  *  It 

Fees  of  witnesses  before  general  court-martial,  under  act  March  %,  1901.  1.  Persons  summoned  from  beyond 
the  State,  district,  or  Territory  in  which  the  general  court-martial  is  held  are  not  punishable  if  they  refuse 
to  appear  or  testify  when  summoned,  nor  are  their  fees  and  mileage  required  to  be  paid  or  tendered  in 
advance.  If  they  appear  they  are  entitled  to  the  usual  fees  allowed  citizen  witnesses  as  prescribed  by  A.  R. 
1066  and  1067  and  General  Orders,  No.  kS,  Adjutant- GeneraP  s  Office,  1901.  2.  In  the  case  of  persons 
residing  within  the  limits  of  the  State,  district,  or  Territory  where  the  general  court-martial  is  field,  the 
tender  of  one  day's  fees  and  mileage  to  and  from  the  court  will  meet  the  requirements  of  the  act.  S.  If  an 
officer  wtio  is  charged  with  serving  a  subpoena  pays  the  necessary  fees  and  mileage  to  a  witness,  taking  a 
receipt  therefor,  he  is  entitled  to  reimbursement. 

War  Department, 
Paymaster-General's  Office, 

Washington,  August  31,  1901. 
The  Combtroller  of  the  Treasury, 

(Through  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army.) 

Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  request  your  construction  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1901,  entitled  "An  act  to 

prevent  the  failure  of  military  justice,  and  for  other  purposes"  (31  Stat.,  950),  on  the  following  points: 

First.  Does  the  first  proviso  of  said  act  limit  the  summoning  of  witnesses  by  a  general  court-martial 

to  persons  residing  within  the  State,  Territory,  or  district  in  which  such  general  court-martial  is 

held? 

Second.  To  what  extent  must  fees  be  paid  or  tendered?  As  a  witness  obeying  a  summons  would  be 
held  before  the  court  not  less  than  one  day,  would  the  payment  or  tender  of  one  day's  fees  in  addi- 
tion to  his  mileage  to  and  from  the  court  be  such  payment  or  tender  as  contemplated  by  the  act? 

Third.  As  it  might  be  impracticable  for  a  paymaster  to  pay  or  tender  these  amounts  in  person,  would 
he  be  justified  in  turning  over  to  a  third  party  for  disbursement  the  sums  required  for  payment  or 
tender  to  witnesses  summoned  by  a  general  court-martial? 
By  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War: 

Respectfully,  A.  E.  Bates, 

Paymaster-General,  U.  S.  Army. 

[Third  indorsement.] 

War  Department, 
Judge-Advocate-General's  Office, 

Washington,  September  7, 1901. 
Respectfully  returned  to  the  Secretary  of  War.    In  within  letter  the  Paymaster-General  requests 
the  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  in  regard  to  the  construction  of  the  "Act  to  prevent 
the  failure  of  military  justice,"  approved  March  2, 1901  (31  Stat.,  950) .    *    *    * 

The  act  referred  to  by  the  Paymaster-General  is  an  act  to  prevent  the  failure  of  military  justice, 
resulting  from  the  refusal  of  civilian  witnesses  before  courts-martial  to  testify,  such  courts  having  no 
power  to  punish  for  contempt,  and  it  makes  the  refusal  of  such  witnesses  to  appear,  to  qualify,  or  to 
give  evidence  before  general  courts-martial  a  misdemeanor,  punishable  "on  information  in  the  dis- 
trict court  of  the  United  States,"  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $500  or  imprisonment  not  to  exceed  six 
months,  or  both,  at  the  discretion  of  the  court.    The  first  proviso  of  the  act  is  as  follows: 


APPENDIX.  335 

"That  this  shall  not  apply  to  persons  residing  beyond  the  StJite,  Territory,  or  district  in  which  such 
general  court-martial  is  held,  and  that  the  fees  of  such  witness  and  his  mileage  at  the  rates  provided 
for  witnesses  in  the  United  States  district  court  for  said  State,  Territory,  or  district  shall  be  duly  paid 
or  tendered  said  witness,  such  amounts  to  be  paid  by  the  Pay  Department  of  the  Army  out  of  the 
appropriation  for  compensation  of  witnesses." 

This  proviso  restricts  the  operation  of  the  act  to  persons  residing  within  the  State,  Territory,  or  dis- 
trict in  which  the  general  court-martial  is  held,  so  that  a  person  residing  beyond  such  State,  Terri- 
tory, or  district  would  not  be  punishable  under  the  act  for  refusal  to  appear,  qualify,  or  testify.  It 
does  not,  however,  for  other  purposes,  limit  the  summoning  of  witnesses  to  such  State,  Territory, 
or  district  or  limit  the  payment  of  such  fees  as  may  be  prescribed  by  regulations  to  witnesses  sum- 
moned within  the  State,  Territory,  or  district  in  which  the  court-martial  is  held.  There  is  no  such 
limitation  in  the  appropriation,  the  language  of  which  is,  "For  expenses  "of  courts-martial,  courts  of 
inquiry,  and  compensation  of  reporters  and  witnesses  attending  the  same,  twenty  thousand  dollars." 
(31  Stat.,  901.) 

This  appropriation,  being  in  general  terms,  leaves  the  rates  and  conditions  under  which  such  com- 
pensation is  to  be  paid  to  the  discretion  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  or  to  such  regulations  as  he  may  pre- 
scribe, and  under  the  regulations  and  practice  of  the  department  the  payment  of  fees  has  not  been 
limited  to  witnesses  residing  within  the  State,  Territory,  or  district  in  which  the  court-martial  is  held. 

In  regard  to  the  second  question,  I  am  of  opinion  that  the  payment  or  tender  of  one  day's  fees  in 
addition  to  mileage  to  and  from  the  court  would  meet  the  requirements  of  the  act. 

The  third  question  is  purely  a  fiscal  one  and  no  opinion  is  expressed  regarding  it. 

George  B.  Davis, 

-    Judge-Advocate-General. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  op  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  September  10,  1901. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  By  your  reference  of  the  10th  instant  you  request  my  decision  upon  a  question  relating  to  the 
manner  of  tendering  fees  and  mileage  to  witnesses  under  the  act  of  March  2, 1901  (31  Stat.,  950),  to 
prevent  the  failure  of  military  justice. 

The  first  section  of  this  act  contains  the  following  provisions: 

"  That  every  person  not  belonging  to  the  Army  of  the  United  States,  who,  being  duly  subpoenaed 
to  appear  as  a  witness  before  a  general  court-martial  of  the  Army,  willfully  neglects  or  refuses  to 
appear,  or  refuses  to  qualify  as  a  witness,  or  to  testify  or  produce  documentary  evidence  which  such 
person  may  have  been  legally  subpoenaed  to  produce,  ^hall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor  for 
which  such  person  shall  be  punished  on  information  in  the  district  court  of  the  United  States,  and 
it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  United  States  district  attorney,  on  the  certification  of  the  facts  to  him  by 
the  general  court-martial,  to  file  an  information  against  and  prosecute  the  person  so  offending,  and  the 
punishment  of  such  person,  on  conviction,  shall  be  a  fine  of  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars,  or 
imprisonment  not  to  exceed  six  months,  or  both,  at  the  discretion  of  the  court:  Provided,  That  this 
shall  not  apply  to  persons  residing  beyond  the  State,  Territory,  or  district  in  which  such  general 
court-martial  Is  held,  and  that  the  fees  of  such  witness,  and  his  mileage  at  the  rates  provided  for  wit- 
nesses in  the  United  States  district  court  for  said  State,  Territory,  or  district  shall  be  duly  paid  or  ten- 
dered said  witness,  such  amounts  to  be  paid  by  the  Pay  Department  of  the  Army  out  of  the  appro- 
priation for  compensation  of  witnesses."    *    *    * 

Your  specific  question  is  as  follows: 

"As  it  might  be  impracticable  for  a  paymaster  to  pay  or  tender  these  amounts  in  person,  would  he 
be  justified  in  turning  over  to  a  third  party  for  disbursement  the  sums  required  for  payment  or  tender 
to  witnesses  summoned  by  a  general  court-martial?" 

I  do  not  think  there  i;^  any  authority  of  law  for  the  advancement  by  a  paymaster  of  the  Army  of 
public  money  to  another  officer,  especially  to  one  who  is  not  a  disbursing  officer.  But  in  8  Comp. 
Dec,  43,  quoting  from  the  syllabus,  it  was  held  that  "An  officer  or  employee  who  makes  an  expendi- 
ture from  his  own  funds  for  a  necessary  expense  of  the  Government  is  entitled  to  reimbursement 
therefor." 

If,  therefore,  the  officer  who  is  charged  with  the  duty  of  serving  a  subpoena  on  a  witness  under  this 
act  should  pay  the  fees  and  mileage  to  which  he  is  entitled,  taking  a  receipt  therefor,  under  this 
decision  he  would  be  entitled  to  reimbursement. 

The  paper  transmitted  by  you  is  herewith  returned. 

Respectfully,  L.  P.  Mitchell,  Acting  Comptroller. 

INSTRUCTIONS  OF  PAYMASTER-GENERAL. 

A  paymaster  turning  over  to  an  officer  wlio  is  to  serve  a  subpoena  the  necessary  fees  and  mileage  of 
the  witness  should  take  from  the  officer  a  memorandum  receipt  in  duplicate  for  the  amount  turned 
over,  the  officer  to  take  the  receipt  of  the  witness  on  the  usual  witness  voucher,  in  duplicate,  both  of 
which  must  be  returned  to  the  paymaster.    It  being  impossible  to  state  with  certainty  the  number 


336  APPENDIX. 

of  days  a  witness  would  be  held  before  the  court,  and  as  a  witness  could  not  be  in  attendance  less  than 
one  day,  the  law  will  be  complied  with  if  mileage  for  the  journeys  to  and  from  the  court  and  one 
day's  fee  be  paid  or  tendered.  Should  the  witness  be  held  more  than  one  day  the  additional  fee 
could  be  paid  daily  if  demanded,  or  when  finally  discharged  he  could  be  paid  the  remainder  of 
his  fees. 

{Pars.  1066,  1067,  and  1562,  A.  K) 


[Cir.  23,  July  5,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

Mineral  oil  or  some  other  cheap  and  equally  efficient'  agent  for  the  destruction  of 
mosquitoes  and  their  larvae  will  be  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department 
upon  the  usual  special  requisition,  the  necessity  for  the  issue  to  be  certified  to  by  the 
post  or  camp  surgeon,  and  the  oil  or  other  agent  to  be  applied  under  his  personal 
supervision. 

{Pars.  1108,  1128,  and  1668,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  82,  June  14, 1901.] 


By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

No  malt,  vinous,  or  spirituous  liquors  will  be  purchased  by  the  Subsistence  Depart- 
ment for  any  purpose.  Supplies  thereof  needed  in  medical  or  hospital  practice  for 
use  in  the  diet  of  soldiers  too  sick  to  use  the  army  ration  will  be  provided  by  the 
IVIedical  Department. 

{Pars.  1351,  1392,  and  1570,  A.  R.) 

******* 


[G.  0. 157,  Dec.  2, 1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the 
Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

The  emergency  ration  will  not  habitually  be  kept  on  hand  by  post  commissaries 
in  the  United  States. 

In  garrisons  outside  the  United  States  emergency  rations  when  required  will  be 
held  and  accounted  for  by  the  post  commissary,  who  will  keep  in  store  at  least  three 
days'  supply  for  the  full  strength  of  the  garrison.  Should  the  whole  or  any  portion 
of  the  command  be  ordered  on  active  campaign,  emergency  rations,  in  addition  to  the 
number  of  regular  rations  to  be  provided,  will  be  issued  to  organizations  on  ration 
returns  specially  submitted.  Upon  the  return  of  the  command  to  a  garrison  the 
emergency  rations  which  have  not  been  used  or  charged  to  enlisted  men  will  be  turned 
in  to  the  post  commissary,  who  will  take  them  up  on  his  return  of  stores,  noting  in 
the  proper  column  of  the  return  from  whom  received.  Should  any  number  have 
been  used  by  any  organization  of  the  command  a  like  number  of  regular  rations  will 
be  deducted  from  the  next  ration  return  of  the  organization.  Company  and  detach- 
ment commanders  are  responsible  for  the  proper  care  and  use  of  emergency  rations 
carried  on  the  person  of  the  soldier.  Emergency  rations  held  on  hand  by  .post  com- 
missaries for  two  years  will  be  issued  one  day  in  every  twenty  in  substitution  of  the 
regular  ration  until  exhausted. 

{Pars.  1377  and  1382,  A.  R.) 


APPENDIX.  337 

[G.  O,  113,  Aug.  22,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  regulations  governing 
the  Army  Nurse  Corps  are  published  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all 
concerned : 

1.  Section  19  of  the  act  "to  increase  the  efficiency  of  the  permanent  military  estab- 
lishment of  the  United  States,"  approved  February  2,  1901,  provides  as  follows: 

Sec.  19.  That  the  Nurse  Corps  (female)  shall  consist  of  one  superintendent,  to  be  appointed  by  the 
Secretary  of  War,  who  shall  be  a  graduate  of  a  hospital  training  school  having  a  course  of  instruction 
of  not  less  than  two  years,  whose  term  of  office  may  be  terminated  at  his  discretion,  whose  compen- 
sation shall  be  one  thousand  eight  hundred  dollars  per  annum,  and  of  as  many  chief  nurses,  nurses, 
and  reserve  nur.ses  as  maybe  needed.  Reserve  nurses  maybe  assigned  to  active  duty  when  the 
emergency  of  the  service  demands,  but  shall  receive  no  compensation  except  when  on  .such  duty: 
Provided,  That  all  nurses  in  the  Nurse  Corps  shall  be  appointed  or  removed  by  the  Surgeon-General, 
with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War;  that  they  shall  be  graduates  of  hospital  training  schools, 
and  shall  have  passed  a  satisfactory  professional,  moral,  mental,  and  physical  examination:  And 
provided,  That  the  superintendent  and  nurses  shall  receive  transportation  and  necessary  expenses 
when  traveling  under  orders;  that  the  pay  and  allowances  of  nurses,  and  of  reserve  nurses,  when  on 
active  service,  shall  bje  forty  dollars  per  month  when  on  duty  in  the  United  States  and  fifty  dollars 
per  month  when  without  the  limits  of  the  United  States.  They  shall  be  entitled  to  quarters,  sub.sist- 
ence,  and  medical  attendance  during  illness,  and  they  may  be  granted  leaves  of  absence  for  thirty 
days,  witli  pay,  for  each  calendar  year;  and  when  serving  as  chief  nurses  their  pay  may  be  increased 
by  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  such  increase  not  to  exceed  twenty-five  dollars  per  month. 
Payments  to  the  Nurse  Corps  shall  be  made  by  the  Pay  Department. 

DUTIES   OF   SUPERINTENDENT   AND   NURSES. 

2.  The  superintendent  of  the  Army  Nurse  Corps,  under  the  direction  of  the 
Surgeon-General  of  the  Army,  will  have  general  supervision  of  the  Corps,  and  her 
duties  and  the  duties  of  the  chief  nurses  and  nurses  shall  be  as  prescribed  by  the 
Surgeon-G  eneral . 

APPLICATIONS   FOR   APPOINTMENT — QUALIFICATIONS. 

3.  Applications  for  appointment  in  the  Army  Nurse  Corps  should  be  made  to  the 
Surgeon-General,  and  before  being  placed  on  the  eligible  list  the  applicant  must  pass 
the  prescribed  examinations,  as  follows: 

(«)  Physical  qualifications. — A  statement  of  her  physical  condition  will  be  filled  out 
in  her  own  handwriting  and  sworn  to  before  a  notary  public.  She  will  also  submit 
a  certificate  of  health  from  at  least  one  reputable  physician  personally  acquainted 
with  the  applicant.  Blanks  for  these  purposes  will  be  furnished  by  the  Surgeon- 
General. 

(6)  Moral  and  professional  qualifications. — The  date  of  her  graduation,  the  moral 
character  of  the  applicant  and  her  professional  qualifications  during  her  period  of 
training  and  at  date  of  graduation,  and,  so  far  as  known,  at  the  time  of  application, 
will  be  certified  by  the  superintendent  of  nurses  at  the  hospital  from  which  she 
graduated.  If  she  was  trained  under  a  former  superintendent  of  nurses,  the  indorse- 
ment of  the  latter  is  also  desirable.  Applicants  must  have  graduated  from  a  training 
school  for  nurses  which  gives  a  thorough  professional  education,  both  theoretical 
and  practical,  and  which  requires  two  years'  residence  in  an  acceptable  hospital. 

(c)  Mental  examination. — Applicants  will  be  required  to  answer  in  writing  certain 
practical  questions  prepared  by  the  Surgeon-General. 

{d)  Approved  candidates  will  be  placed  on  the  eligible  list  for  appointment  as 
their  services  may  be  required. 

(e)  An  applicant  will  not  be  placed  on  the  eligible  list  unless  she  agrees  to  serve 
in  the  Army  for  at  least  three  years. 

22778—03 22 


338  APPENDIX. 

APPOINTMENT   AND    DISCHARGE. 

4.  The  appointments  and  discharges  of  nurses  shall  be  made  by  the  Surgeon- 
General,  subject  to  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

(a)  Nurses  may  be  discharged  from  the  service  (1)  at  any  time  when  their  serv- 
ices are  no  longer  needed,  (2)  at  their  own  request,  supported  by  good  and  sufficient 
reasons,  and  (3)  for  misconduct.  Recommendation  for  the  discharge  of  a  nurse  on 
account  of  misconduct  will  be  submitted  to  the  Surgeon-General,  with  a  report  of 
the  facts  after  careful  investigation,  of  which  she  shall  have  due  notice  and  at  which 
she  shall  be  given  a  fair  opportunity  to  be  heard  in  her  own  defense. 

(6)  The  following  form  will  be  used  in  making  appointments  of  nurses  to  the 
Army  Nurse  Corps: 

ARMY  NURSE  CORPS. 

War  Department, 
Surgeon-General's  Office, 

Washington, ,  190—. 

With  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War, is  hereby  appointed in  the 

Nurse  Corps  (female)  under  the  act  of  Congress  approved  February  2,  1901,  to  date  from ,  190—, 

and  will  enter  upon  her  duties  after  taking  the  oath  prescribed  by  section  1757  of  the  Revised  Statutes 
of  the  United  States. 


Surgeon- General,  U.  S.  Army. 

(c)  Upon  honorable  discharge  from  service  the  following  indorsement  will  be 
placed  on  the  appointment  of  the  nurse: 

,190—. 

With  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  honorably  discharged  from  the  Army  Nurse  Corps, 

,190—. 

,  U.  S.  Army. 

The  authority  directing  her  discharge  will  be  quoted. 

ASSIGNMENTS   AND    DUTIES. 

5.  Army  nurses  will  be  assigned  to  duty  at  military  hospitals  under  the  direction 
of  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Army.  At  hospitals  where  there  are  two  or  more 
nurses  serving  one  will  be  assigned  to  duty  as  chief.  Nurses  appointed  will  be 
required  to  serve  wherever  their  services  may  be  needed,  at  home  or  abroad. 

(a)  The  tour  of  duty  without  the  limits  of  the  United  States  will  usually  be  at 
least  two  years. 

(b)  Nurses  can  not  leave  their  stations  except  under  orders  or  when  granted  a 
leave  of  absence. 

(c)  Nurses  traveling  under  orders  on  transports  will  assist  in  the  care  of  officers 
or  enlisted  men  in  need  of  their  services  when  requested  to  do  so  by  the  attending 
surgeon. 

{d)  The  families  of  officers  are  not  entitled  to  the  services  of  army  nurses  except 
as  provided  in  paragraph  11  (e). 

(e)  A  nurse  will  not  receive  presents  from  patients  nor  from  the  relatives  or  friends 
of  patients. 

(/)  After  appointment,  unless  otherwise  ordered  by  the  Surgeon-General,  a  nurse 
will  serve  for  at  least  three  months  in  the  United  States,  during  which  period  she 
will  be  given  special  instruction  in  army  nursing. 

{g)  When  female  nurses  are  required  for  service  at  a  hospital  the  surgeon  in  charge 
will  make  application  to  the  Surgeon-(Teneral,  through  the  chief  surgeon,  for  as  many 
as  may  be  needed,  stating  the  circumstances  and  the  necessities  of  the  case. 

(h)  Should  there  be  a  surplus  of  nurses  at  any  hospital  the  officer  in  charge  will 
immediately  report  the  fact  to  the  chief  surgeon,  who  will  forward  the  report  to  the 
Surgeon-General  and  ask  for  instructions.     In  the  Division  of  the  Philippines  the 


APPENDIX.  339 

chief  surgeon  will  order  surplus  nurses  to  the  United  States,  and  direct  them  to 
report  immediately  on  arrival  in  the  States  to  the  chief  surgeon  of  the  depart- 
ment, who  will  i^lace  them  on  temporary  duty  and  request  instructions  from  the 
Surgeon-General . 

(i)  When  a  nurse  is  directed  to  proceed  to  her  home  for  discharge  she  will  be 
instructed  to  report  immediately  on  arrival  by  letter  to  the  Surgeon-General. 

(k)  Every  change  in  the  status  of  nurses,  such  as  arrival,  departure,  leaves  of 
absence  granted,  orders  given,  death,  etc.,  will  be  promptly  reported  to  the  Surgeon- 
General  through  the  chief  surgeon  by  the  officer  in  charge,  giving  Christian  names 
and  surnames  in  each  instance.     For  this  purpose  information  slips  may  be  used. 

TRANSFERS. 

6.  Transfers  from  one  division  or  department  to  another  will  not  be  made,  except 
by  authority  of  the  Surgeon-General,  but  a  chief  surgeon  may  transfer  nurses,  should 
the  exigencies  of  the  service  require  it,  from  one  hospital  to  another  within  his  divi- 
sion or  department. 

(a)  Transfers  of  nurses  will  be  immediately  reported  to  the  Surgeon-General,  with 
a  full  statement  of  the  circumstances  in  each  case  and  a  special  efficiency  report  pre- 
pared by  the  chief  nurse. 

PAY. 

7.  The  pay  and  allowances  of  nurses  and  reserve  nurses  when  on  active  service 
shall  be  $40  per  month  when  on  duty  in  the  United  States,  and  $50  per  month  when 
without  the  limits  of  the  United  States. 

(a)  Chief  nurses  receive  the  same  allowances  as  nurses.  Their  pay  is  regulated  as 
follows:  When  assigned  to  duty  as  chief  nurse  at  any  hospital  where  two  or  more 
nurses  are  stationed  they  shall  receive,  in  addition  to  pay  as  nurse,  $5  per  month; 
where  five  or  more  nurses  are  stationed  the  chief  nurse  shall  receive,  in  addition  to 
pay  as  nurse,  $10  per  month;  where  ten  or  more  nurses  are  stationed  the  chief  nurse 
shall  receive,  in  addition  to  pay  as  nurse,  $25  per  month.  In  no  case  shall  a  nurse 
be  paid  more  than  $75  per  month. 

{b)  Nurses  will  be  paid  on  monthly  pay  rolls  to  be  furnished  by  the  Pay  Depart- 
ment prepared  and  properly  certified  by  the  officer  under  whom  they  may  be  serv- 
ing, signed  by  the  nurse,  and  forwarded  either  to  the  chief  paymaster  of  the  division 
or  department  or  presented  to  the  paymaster  visiting  the  post  for  settlement.  All 
payments  to  a,  nurse  must  be  noted  on  her  appointment. 

(c)  Discharged  nurses  will  be  paid  on  pay  rolls  prepared  by  the  offi(;er  under  whom 
they  may  be  serving  at  the  date  of  discharge.  The  pay  accounts  of  nurses  ordered 
home  for  discharge  will  be  prepared  in  the  Surgeon-General's  Office. 

(d)  When  a  nurse  is  under  orders  to  leave  her  station  or  is  granted  a  leave  of 
absence  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  hospital  will  indorse  on  her  appointment  the  date 
of  her  departure,  with  date  and  source  of  order,  date  of  last  payment,  and  name  of 
paymaster  by  whom  paid.     The  date  of  return  to  duty  will  also  be  indorsed  thereon. 

TRANSPORTATION. 

8.  Before  starting  on  a  journey  at  public  expense  a  nurse  must  receive  a  written 
order  from  proper  authority,  together  with  a  transportation  request  for  her  railway 
ticket  and  sleeping  car  or  transport  accommodations. 

(«)  When  traveling  under  orders  no  delay  in  starting  and  no  stop-over  privileges 
are  allowed. 

(6)  Nurses  traveling  under  orders  will  be  entitled  to  transportation,  with  sleeping- 
car  accommodations  by  rail  and  staterooms  on  boats,  at  public  expense,  under  the 
regulations  governing  transportation  for  the  Army.  They  will  in  all  cases  be  entitled 
to  transportation  of  150  pounds  of  personal  baggage.    Transportation  will  be  procured 


340  APPENDIX. 

where  practicable  from  officers  of  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  and  in  cases 
where  not  practicable  nurses  may  pay  their  own  travel  fare  and  include  the  cost, 
not  to  exceed  that  of  first-class  limited  tickets  from  initial  point  to  destination  with- 
out stop-over  privileges,  in  their  expense  accounts,  which  must  bear  certificate  that 
they  actually  paid  the  amount  as  charged  and  be  accompanied  by  the  original  or  a 
certified  copy  of  orders  upon  which  they  were  traveling. 

(c)  A  nurse  ordered  home  for  discharge  from  service  outside  of  the  United  States 
usually  gets  transportation  to  New  York  or  to  San  Francisco.  On  arrival  in  either 
city  she  will  proceed  to  the  Army  Building,  where,  on  presentation  of  her  travel  order, 
she  will  be  furnished  transportation  to  the  point  designated  as  her  home,  which 
hereafter  must  be  fixed  at  the  time  of  appointment. 

(d)  Travel  to  and  from  points  beyond  the  limits  of  the  United  States  and  between 
island  possessions  in  all  cases  where  practicable  will  be  by  army  transport. 

(e)  Transportation  will  not  be  furnished  for  any  journey  which  a  nurse  may  take 
while  on  leave  of  absence. 

(/)  When  traveling  under  orders  from  competent  authority,  where  any  enforced 
delay  occurs  from  unavoidable  causes,  a  nurse  may  be  allowed  $1  per  day  for  lodg- 
ing at  stop-over  points  en  route,  to  be  paid  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department. 

(g)  When  expenses  are  incurred  as  above  an  itemized  account,  in  duplicate,  with 
date  and  place  of  incurrence  of  each  item,  will  be  prepared  and  attached  to  Blank 
No.  13 J,  Quartermaster's  Department,  which  must  be  properly  filled  out,  signed  by 
the  nurse,  and  sworn  to  before  a  notary.  The  receipts  on  the  blanks  will  also  be 
signed  by  the  nurse.  When  practicable  to  obtain  them  duplicate  receipts  for  the  items 
charged  will  be  submitted.  When  it  is  impracticable  to  obtain  receipts  this  fact 
should  be  so  stated  in  the  affidavit. 

QUARTERS. 

9.  Nurses  will  be  furnished  quarters  according  to  accommodations  available  at  each 
hospital,  and  where  there  are  several  nurses  one  room  or  wall  tent  will  be  provided 
as  a  common  sitting  room. 

(rt)  Sheets,  towels,  pillowcases,  table  linen,  and  other  washable  articles  will  be 
furnished  by  the  hospital  for  the  nurses'  use,  to  be  washed  as  part  of  the  hospital 
laundry. 

SUBSISTENCE. 

10.  A  nurse  will  receive  one  ration  in  kind  per  day,  and  when  stationed  on  duty  at 
places  where  rations  can  not  be  furnished  she  will  receive  commutation  of  rations  at 
75  cents  per  day. 

(a)  When  on  leave  of  absence  with  pay  a  nurse  will  receive  commutation  of 
rations  at  25  cents  per  day. 

(h)  When  traveling  under  orders  from  competent  authority  a  nurse  will  be  allowed 
commutation  of  rations  at  the  rate  of  |1.50  per  day.  On  Government  transports 
nurses  will  be  provided  with  meals  free  of  charge. 

LEAVE   OP   ABSENCE. 

11.  The  total  duration  of  leave  of  absence  with  pay  granted  a  nurse  shall  not 
exceed  thirty  days  for  each  calendar  year. 

(«)  An  additional  leave  without  pay  or  allowances  not  to  exceed  one  month  may  ^ 
be  granted  when  the  service  will  permit.  9 

(6)  The  commanding  officer  of  a  general  hospital,  or  officer  in  charge  of  a  hospital, 
may  grant  a  leave  of  absence  to  a  nurse  when  it  can  be  done  without  detriment  to 
the  service.  No  leave  of  absence  will  be  granted  unless  requested  by  the  nurse  in 
writing.  The  original  paper  granting  the  leave  will  be  given  to  the  nurse  and  the 
facts  reported  to  the  Surgeon-General. 


APPENDIX.  341 

(c)  Nurses  on  foreign  service  can  not  be  granted  leave  'Ho  take  effect  after  arrival 
in  the  United  States,"  but  nurses  assigned  to  transport  duty  may  be  granted  leave 
after  reaching  port. 

{(l)  A  nurse  on  leave  of  absence  in  the  United  States  will  report  in  writing  to  the 
Surgeon-General  at  least  one  week  prior  to  the  expiration  of  said  leave. 

[e)  At  places  where  the  services  of  trained  nurses  are  not  otherwise  obtainable  a 
nurse  may,  if  she  so  desires,  and  with  the  approval  of  the  officer  in  charge  of  the 
hospital,  be  granted  a  special  leave  without  pay  or  allowances  in  order  to  take  a 
private  case,  such  leaves  not  to  exceed  sixty  days. 

(/)  An  extension  of  leave  of  absence  may  be  granted  by  the  officer  granting  the 
original  leave  or  by  the  Surgeon-General,  provided  that  leave  with  pay  shall  not 
exceed  thirty  days  for  each  year. 


12.  A  nurse  is  entitled  to  receive  medical  attendance  from  an  army  surgeon  and 
medicines  when  ill.  This  will  be  provided  for  at  the  hospital  where  she  maybe 
serving,  but  when  it  is  reported  as  desirable  the  Surgeon-General,  or  chief  surgeon 
within  his  department,  may  give  orders  for  a  nurse's  transfer  to  and  treatment  in 
some  other  army  hospital.  Bills  contracted  by  a  nurse  for  medical  attendance  can 
not  be  allowed,  nor  will  extra  leave  of  absence  with  pay  be  granted  because  of 
illness. 

{a)  A  nurse  will  not  be  discharged  for  disability  contracted  in  line  of  duty  until 
after  reasonable  time  has  been  allowed  for  treatment  unless  the  case  requires  imme- 
diate action  and  at  her  request.  Full  reports  in  all  cases  of  nurses  under  treat- 
ment in  hospital  should  be  promptly  forwarded  to  the  Surgeon-General  for  his 
information. 

CHIEF   NURSE. 

13.  The  chief  nurse  will  render  efficiency  reports  of  the  nurses  serving  under  her 
on  the  1st  day  of  March,  June,  September,  and  December  of  each  year.  A  special 
report  will  be  made  also  when  the  chief  nurse  is  about  to  be  relieved  from  duty  at  a 
hospital.  Special  efficiency  reports  of  an  individual  nurse  will  be  made  whenever 
she  is  ordered  away  from  the  hospital.  Only  matters  which  relate  exclusively  to 
the  efficiency  of  the  nurses  will  appear  on  these  reports.  Blanks  for  efficiency 
reports  will  be  furnished  by  the  Surgeon-General. 

(a)  Nurses  who  prove  themselves  possessed  of  marked  executive  ability,  good 
judgment,  and  tact  may  be  recommended  for  promotion  at  the  discretion  of  the 
commanding  officer  and  the  chief  nurse. 

(b)  When  a  vacancy  occurs  in  the  grade  of  chief  nurse,  the  Surgeon-General  (or  if 
in  the  Division  of  the  Philippines  the  chief  surgeon)  will  assign  an  eligible  nurse  to 
that  duty.  All  assignments  or  reductions,  with  the  reasons  therefor,  in  the  Division 
of  the  Philippines  will  be  promptly  reported  to  the  Surgeon-General. 

(c)  When  required  by  climatic  conditions,  the  chief  nurse  may,  with  the  approval 
of  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  hospital,  substitute  the  eight-hour  day  for  the  usual 
ten  or  twelve  hours  of  ward  duty. 

{d)  If  a  hospital  is  large  enough  to  require  it,  one  or  more  nurses  may  be  assigned 
to  duty  as  assistants  to  the  chief  nurse  without  extra  pay. 

REPORTS    AND    RETURNS. 

14.  On  the  last  day  of  each  month  the  officer  in  charge  of  a  hospital  will  forward 
a  return  of  female  nurses  to  the  Surgeon-General  through  the  chief  surgeon  on  blank 
form  furnished  by  the  Surgeon-General.  On  this  should  be  noted  all  the  changes, 
with  dates,  which  have  taken  place  in  the  status  of  the  nurses  since  the  last  report. 


342  APPENDIX. 

These  returns  should  be  carefully  prepared,  and  furnish  full  information  of  the  actual 
status  of  the  nurses,  including  leaves  of  absence, 

(a)  The  officer  in  charge  of  a  hospital  will  forward  to  the  Surgeon-General,  through 
the  chief  surgeon,  the  quarterly  and  special  efficiency  reports  prepared  by  the  chief 
nurse,  stating  whether  or  not  he  concurs  in  the  grading  reported  by  her.  He  will 
also  indorse  thereon  his  report  of  the  efficiency  of  the  chief  nurse,  specifying  in  detail 
the  character  of  the  services  rendered  by  her.     {See  par.  13.) 

UNIFORM. 

15.  The  uniform  of  the  Army  Nurse  Corps  will  consist  of  a  waist  and  skirt  of  suita- 
ble white  material,  adjustable  white  cuffs,  bishop  collar,  white  apron,  and  cap  accord- 
ing to  patterns  and  specifications  in  the  Surgeon-General's  Office. 

(rt)  A  nurse  provides  for  the  laundering  of  her  uniform. 

(6)  The  badge  of  the  corps  is  the  cross  of  the  Medical  Department  in  green  enamel 
with  gilt  edge.  This  is  pinned  on  the  left  side  of  the  collar  of  the  uniform  or  on  a 
corresponding  part  of  her  dress  when  she  is  not  in  uniform. 

(c)  When  a  nurse  is  appointed  she  will  be  supplied  with  detailed  instructions  on 
this  subject  and  will  immediately  procure  her  uniform.  It  will  invariably  be  worn 
during  her  hours  of  duty. 

{d)  Nurses  not  in  uniform  will  not  be  allowed  in  the  wards  without  special  permission 
of  the  chief  nurse  or  officer  in  charge. 

{e)  No  changes  in  the  prescribed  uniform  of  the  Nurse  Corps  will  be  made  with- 
out authority  of  the  Surgeon-General. 

RESERVE   NURSES. 

16.  A  nurse  who  has  served  faithfully  and  satisfactorily  for  at  least  six  months  and 
received  an  honorable  discharge  will  be  placed  on  the  reserve  list. 

{a)  Each  reserve  nurse  must  sign  an  agreement  to  enter  active  service  in  time  of 
war  or  national  emergency,  or  whenever  she  may  be  needed,  and  to  report  by  letter 
to  the  Surgeon-General  on  the  1st  of  January  and  the  Ist  of  July  of  each  year. 
Reserve  nurses  wear  the  badge  of  the  array  nurses,  but  are  not  entitled  to  pay  or 
allowances  except  when  on  active  service. 

[h)  When  called  into  active  service,  they  will  be  subject  to  all  established  rules  and 
regulations  and  will  receive  the  pay  and  allowances  of  nurses  on  the  active  list. 
They  may  be  granted  leave  of  absence  with  pay  at  the  rate  of  two  and  one-half  days 
per  month  of  active  service,  not  exceeding  thirty  days  during  any  calendar  year. 

(c)  A  nurse  will  be  dropped  from  the  reserve  list  upon  reaching  the  age  of  45 
years,  or  if  she  ceases  for  five  years  to  practice  her  profession,  or  if  she  becomes 
permanently  incapacitated  from  ill  health,  or  for  other  good  and  sufficient  reason. 
But  a  nurse  shall  not  be  dropped  from  the  reserve  list  without  due  notice  of  the 
cause  for  such  action  and  an  opportunity  to  reply  to  any  charges  which  may  be  made 
against  her. 

{Pars.  1378,  1426,  and  1661,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  166,  Dec.  30,  1901,] 

I.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  subdivision  (/),  paragraph  8,  and  sub- 
division (&),  paragraph  10,  General  Orders,  No.  113,  August  22, 1901,  from  this  office, 
are  amended  to  read  as  follows: 

8.  ^    *    * 

(/)  Nurses  traveling  under  orders  from  competent  authority  will  be  allowed  in 


APPENDIX.  84S 

addition  to  transportation  reimbursement  for  necessary  expenses  not  tfj  exceed  $3 
per  day,  to  be  paid  l^y  the  Quartermaster's  Department. 

*  *  *  *  *  *  * 

10.  *    *    * 

(6)  On  Government  transports  nurses  will  be  provided  with  meals  free  of  charge. 

¥r  *  *  *  *  *  * 

{Pars.  1378,  1426,  and  1661,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  49,  June  8,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  General  Orders,  No.  113,  August  22,  1901, 
from  this  office,  as  amended  by  General  Orders,  No.  166,  December  30,  1901,  and 
General  Orders,  No.  14,  February  10,  1902,  from  this  office,  is  amended  to  read  as 
follows: 

1.  Section  19  of  the  act  *'  to  increase  the  efficiency  of  the  permanent  military  estab- 
lishment of  the  United  States,"  approved  February  2,  1901,  provides  as  follows: 

Sec.  19.  That  the  Nurse  Corps  (female)  shall  consist  of  one  superintendent,  to  be  appointed  by  the 
Secretary  of  War,  who  shall  be  a  graduate  of  a  hospital  training  school  having  a  course  of  instruction 
of  not  less  than  two  years,  whose  term  of  office  may  be  terminated  at  his  discretion,  whose  compen- 
sation shall  be  one  thousand  eight  hundred  dollars  per  annum,  and  of  as  many  chief  nurses,  nurses, 
and  reserve  nurses  as  may  be  needed.  Reserve  nurses  may  be  assigned  to  active  duty  when  the 
emergency  of  the  service  demands,  but  shall  receive  no  compensation  except  when  on  such  duty: 
Provided,  That  all  nurses  in  the  Nurse  Corpse  shall  be  appointed  or  removed  by  the  Surgeon-General, 
with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War;  that  they  shall  be  graduates  of  hospital  training  schools 
and  shall  have  passed  a  satisfactory  professional,  moral,  mental,  and  physical  examination:  Andpro- 
Tided,  That  the  superintendent  and  nurses  shall  receive  transportation  and  necessary  expenses  when 
traveling  under  orders;  that  the  pay  and  allowances  of  nurses  and  of  reserve  nurses,  when  on  active 
service,  shall  be  forty  dollars  per  month  when  on  duty  in  the  United  States  and  fifty  dollars  per 
montli  when  without  the  limits  of  the  United  States.  They  shall  be  entitled  to  quarters,  subsistence, 
and  medical  attendance  during  illness,  and  they  may  be  granted  leaves  of  absence  for  thirty  days 
with  pay  for  each  calendar  year;  and  when  serving  as  chief  nurses  their  pay  may  be  increased  by 
authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  such  increase  not  to  exceed  twenty-five  dollars  per  month.  Pay- 
ments to  the  Nurse  Corps  shall  be  made  by  the  Pay  Department. 

DUTIES   OF   SUPERINTENDENT   OP   NURSES. 

2.  The  superintendent  of  the  Army  Nurse  Corps,  under  the  direction  of  the 
Surgeon-General  of  the  Army,  will  have  general  supervision  of  the  corps,  and  her 
duties  and  the  duties  of  the  chief  nurses  and  nurses  shall  be  as  prescribed  by  the 
Surgeon-General. 

APPLICATIONS    FOR   APPOINTMENT — QUALIFICATIONS. 

3.  Applications  for  appointment  in  the  Army  Nurse  Corps  should  be  made  to  the 
Surgeon-General,  and  before  being  placed  on  the  eligible  list  the  applicant  must  pass 
the  prescribed  examinations,  as  follows: 

(a)  Physical  qualifications. — A  statement  of  her  physical  condition  will  be  filled  out 
in  her  own  handwriting  and  sworn  to  before  a  notary  public.  She  will  also  submit 
a  certificate  of  health  from  at  least  one  reputable  physician  personally  acquainted 
with  the  applicant.  Blanks  for  these  purposes  will  be  furnished  by  the  Surgeon- 
General. 

(6)  Moral  and  professional  qualifications.— The  date  of  her  graduation,  the  moral 
character  of  the  applicant  and  her  professional  qualifications  dining  her  period  of 
training  and  at  date  of  graduation,  and  so  far  as  known  at  the  time  of  application, 
will  be  certified  by  the  superintendent  of  nurses  at  the  hospital  from  which  she 
graduated.     If  she  was  trained  under  a  former  superintendent  of  nurses  the  indorse- 


344  APPENDIX. 

ment  of  the  latter  is  also  desirable.  Applicants  must  have  graduated  from  a  training 
school  for  nurses  which  gives  a  thorough  professional  education,  both  theoretical 
and  practical,  and  which  requires  two  years'  residence  in  an  acceptable  hospital. 

(c)  Mental  examination. — Applicants  will  be  required  to  answer  in  writing  certain 
practical  questions  prepared  by  the  Surgeon-General. 

( d)  Approved  candidates  will  be  placed  on  the  eligible  list  for  appointment  as 
their  services  may  be  required. 

(e)  An  applicant  will  not  be  placed  on  the  eligible  list  unless  she  agrees  to  serve 
in  the  Army  for  at  least  three  years. 

APPOINTMENT   AND   DISCHARGE. 

4.  The  appointments  and  discharges  of  nurses  shall  be  made  by  the  Surgeon-Gen- 
eral subject  to  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

(a)  Nurses  may  be  discharged  from  the  service  (1)  at  any  time  when  their  services 
are  no  longer  needed,  (2)  at  their  own  request,  supported  by  good  and  sufficient  rea- 
sons, provided  their  services  have  been  faithful  and  meritorious,  (3)  on  account  of 
illness,  and  (4)  for  misconduct.  Recommendation  for  the  discharge  of  a  nurse  on 
account  of  misconduct  will  be  submitted  to  the  Surgeon-General  with  a  report  of  the 
facts  after  a  careful  investigation,  of  which  she  shall  have  due  notice  and  at  which 
she  shall  have  a  fair  opportunity  to  be  heard  in  her  own  defense,  and  when  so  dis- 
charged the  indorsement  on  the  appointment  indicating  discharge,  as  provided  in 
paragraph  4  (c)  of  this  order,  will  state  **for  misconduct,"  and  the  word  **  honor- 
ably" will  be  omitted. 

(6)  The  following  form  will  be  used  in  making  appointments  of  nurses  to  the 
Army  Nurse  Corps: 

Abmy  Nurse  Corps,  War  Department, 

Surgeon-General's  Office, 

Washington, ,  190 — . 

With  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War is  hereby  appointed  nurse  in  the  Nurse 

Corps  (female)  for  three  years,  unless  sooner  discharged,  to  date  from 190—,  and  will 

enter  upon  her  duties  after  taking  the  oath  prescribed  by  section  1757  of  the  Revised  Statutes  of  the 
United  States. 


Surgeon- Oener at  U.  S.  Army. 

(c)  Upon  honorable  discharge  from  service  the  following  indorsement  will  be 
placed  on  the  appointment  of  the  nurse: 

,  190—. 

With  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  honorably  discharged  from  the  Army  Nurse  Corps, 

,  190—. 

,  U.  S.  Army. 

The  authority  directing  her  discharge  will  be  quoted. 

(d)  Nurses  shall  be  given  orders  and  transportation  to  their  homes  prior  to  com- 
pleting their  three  years'  term  of  service,  unless  their  services  are  needed  to  meet  an 
emergency. 

{e)  Nurses  who  have  nearly  completed  their  terms  of  service  and  who  desire  to 
continue  as  members  of  the  Army  Nurse  Corps  should  make  application  to  the 
Surgeon-General  for  reappointment. 

ASSIGNMENTS   AND   DUTIES. 

5.  Army  nurses  will  be  assigned  to  duty  at  military  hospitals  under  the  direction 
of  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Army.  At  hospitals  where  there  are  two  or  more 
nurses  serving  one  will  be  assigned  to  duty  as  chief.  Nurses  appointed  will  be 
required  to  serve  wherever  their  services  may  be  needed,  at  home  or  abroad. 

{a)  The  tour  of  duty  without  the  limits  of  the  United  States  will  usually  be  at  least 
two  years. 


APPENDIX.  345 

(6)  Nurses  can  not  leave  their  stations  except  under  orders  or  when  granted  a 
leave  of  absence. 

(c)  Nurses  traveling  under  orders  on  transports  will  be  assigned  to  duty  thereon, 
and  under  the  direction  of  the  transport  surgeon  will  assist  in  the  care  of  officers  and 
enlisted  men. 

(d)  The  families  of  officers  are  not  entitled  to  the  services  of  army  nurses  except 
as  provided  in  paragraph  11  (e). 

{e)  A  nurse  will  not  receive  presents  from  patients  nor  from  the  relatives  or  friends 
of  patients. 

(/)  After  appointment,  unless  otherwise  ordered  by  the  Surgeon-General,  a  nurse 
will  serve  for  at  least  three  months  in  the  United  States,  during  which  period  she 
will  be  given  special  instruction  in  army  nursing. 

{g)  When  female  nurses  are  required  for  service  at  a  hospital  the  surgeon  in  charge 
will  make  application  to  the  Surgeon-General  through  the  chief  surgeon  for  as  many 
as  may  be  needed,  stating  the  circumstances  and  the  necessities  of  the  case. 

{h)  Should  there  be  a  surplus  of  nurses  at  any  hospital  the  officer  in  charge  will 
immediately  report  the  fact  to  the  chief  surgeon,  who  will  forward  the  report  to  the 
Surgeon-General  and  ask  for  instructions.  In  the  Division  of  the  Philippines  the 
chief  surgeon  will  order  surplus  nurses  to  the  United  States  and  direct  them  to  report 
immediately  on  arrival  in  the  States  to  the  chief  surgeon  of  the  department,  w^ho  will 
place  them  on  temporary  duty  and  request  instructions  from  the  Surgeon-General.   ■ 

[i)  When  a  nurse  is  directed  to  proceed  to  her  home  for  discharge  she  will  be 
instructed  to  report  immediately  on  arrival  by  letter  to  the  Surgeon-General. 

(k)  Every  change  in  the  status  of  nurses,  such  as  arrival,  departure,  leaves  of 
absence  granted,  orders  given,  death,  etc.,  will  be  promptly  reported  to  the  Surgeon- 
General  through  the  chief  sargeon  by  the  officer  in  charge,  giving  Christian  names 
and  surnames  in  each  instance.     For  this  purpose  information  slips  may  be  used. 

TRANSFERS. 

6.  Transfers  from  one  division  or  department  to  another  will  not  be  made,  except 
by  authority  of  the  Surgeon-General,  but  a  chief  surgeon  may  transfer  nurses,  should 
the  exigencies  of  the  service  require  it,  from  one  hospital  to  another  within  his 
division  or  department. 

(a)  Transfers  of  nurses  will  be  immediately  reported  to  the  Surgeon-General,  with 
a  full  statement  of  the  circumstances  in  each  case  and  a  special  efficiency  report  pre- 
pared by  the  chief  nurse. 

PAY. 

7.  The  pay  and  allowances  of  nurses  and  reserve  nurses  when  on  active  service 
shall  be  $40  per  month  when  on  duty  in  the  United  States,  and  $50  per  month  when 
without  the  limits  of  the  United  States. 

(a)  Chief  nurses  receive  the  same  allowances  as  nurses.  Their  pay  is  regulated  as 
follows:  When  assigned  to  duty  as  chief  nurse  at  any  hospital  where  two  or  more 
nurses  are  stationed  they  shall  receive,  in  addition  to  pay  as  nurse,  $5  per  month; 
where  five  or  more  nurses  are  stationed,  the  chief  nurse  shall  receive,  in  addition  to 
pay  as  nurse,  $10  j^er  month;  where  ten  or  more  nurses  are  stationed,  the  chief  nurse 
shall  receive,  in  addition  to  pay  as  nurse,  $25  per  month.  In  no  case  shall  a  nurse 
be  paid  more  than  $75  per  month. 

(6)  Nurses  will  be  paid  on  monthly  pay  rolls  to  be  furnished  by  the  Pay  Depart- 
ment, prepared  and  properly  certified  by  the  officer  under  whom  they  may  be  serv- 
ing, signed  by  the  nurse  and  forwarded  either  to  the  chief  paymaster  of  the  division 
or  department,  or  presented  to  the  paymaster  visiting  the  post  for  settlement.  All 
payments  to  a  nurse  must  be  noted  on  her  appointment. 

{<■)  Discharged  nurses  will  be  paid  on  pay  rolls  prepared  by  the  officer  under  whom 


346  APPENDIX. 

they  may  be  serving  at  the  date  of  discharge.     The  pay  accounts  of  nurses  ordered 
home  for  discharge  will  be  prepared  in  the  Surgeon-General's  office. 

(d)  When  a  nurse  is  under  orders  to  leave  her  station  or  is  granted  a  leave  of 
absence  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  hospital  will  indorse  on  her  appointment  the 
date  of  her  departure,  with  date  and  source  of  order,  date  of  last  payment,  and  name 
of  paynaaster  by  whom  paid.    The  date  of  return  to  duty  will  also  be  indorsed  thereon. 

TRANSPORTATION. 

8.  Before  starting  on  a  journey  at  public  expense  a  nurse  must  receive  a  written 
order  from  proper  authority  together  with  a  transportation  request  for  her  railway 
ticket  and  sleeping-car  or  transport  accommodations. 

(a)  When  traveling  under  orders  no  delay  in  starting  and  no  stop-over  privileges 
are  allowed. 

(6)  Nurses  traveling  under  orders  will  be  entitled  to  transportation  with  sleeping- 
car  accommodations  by  rail  and  staterooms  on  boats  at  public  expense  under  the 
regulations  governing  transportation  for  the  Army.  They  will  in  all  cases  be  entitled 
to  transportation  of  150  pounds  of  personal  baggage.  Transportation  will  be  pro- 
cured where  practicable  from  officers  of  the  Quartermaster's  Departmefit,  and  in  cases 
where  not  practicable  nurses  may  pay  their  own  travel  fare  and  include  the  cost,  not 
to  exceed  that  of  first-class  limited  tickets  from  initial  point  to  destination  without 
stop-over  privileges,  in  their  expense  accounts,  which  nmst  bear  certificate  that  they 
actually  paid  the  amount  as  charged  and  be  accompanied  by  the  original  or  certified 
copy  of  orders  upon  which  they  were  traveling, 

(c)  A  nurse  ordered  home  for  discharge  from  service  outside  of  the  United  States 
usually  gets  transportation  to  New  York  or  to  San  Francisco.  On  arrival  in  either 
city  she  will  proceed  to  the  army  building,  where  on  presentation  of  her  travel  order 
she  will  be  furnished  transportation  to  the  point  designated  as  her  home,  which 
hereafter  must  be  fixed  at  the  time  of  appointment. 

(d)  Travel  to  and  from  points  beyond  the  limits  of  the  United  States  and  between 
island  possessions  in  all  cases  where  practicable  will  be  by  an  army  transport. 

(e)  Transportation  will  not  be  furnished  for  any  journey  which  a  nurse  may  take 
while  on  leave  of  absence. 

(/)  Nurses  traveling  under  orders  from  competent  authority  will  be  allowed  in 
addition  to  transportation  reimbursement  for  necessary  expenses  not  to  exceed  three 
dollars  per  day,  to  be  paid  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department. 

{g)  When  expenses  are  incurred  as  above  an  itemized  account,  in  duplicate,  with 
date  and  place  of  incurrence  of  each  item,  will  be  prepared  and  attached  to  Blank 
No.  13^,  Quartermaster's  Department,  which  must  be  properly  filled  out,  signed  by 
the  nurse,  and  sworn  to  before  an  officer  duly  authorized  to  administer  oaths.  The 
receipts  on  the  blanks  will  also  be  signed  by  the  nurse.  When  practicable  to  obtain 
them  duplicate  receipts  for  the  items  charged  will  be  submitted.  When  it  is  im- 
practicable to  obtain  receipts  this  fact  should  be  so  stated  in  the  affidavit. 

QUARTERS. 

9.  Nurses  will  be  furnished  quarters  according  to  the  accommodations  available 
at  each  hospital,  and  where  there  are  several  nurses  one  room  or  wall  tent  will  be 
provided  as  a  common  sitting  room. 

(a)  Sheets,  towels,  pillowcases,  table  linen,  and  other  washable  articles  will  be 
furnished  by  the  hospital  for  the  nurses'  use,  to  be  washed  as  part  of  the  hospital 
laundry. 

SUBSISTENCE. 

10.  A  nurse  will  receive  one  ration  in  kind  per  day,  and  when  stationed  on  duty 
at  places  where  rations  c^n  not  be  furnished  she  will  receive  commutation  of  rations 
at  75  cents  per  day. 


APPENDIX.  347 

(a)  When  on  leave  of  absence  with  pay  a  nurse  will  receive  commutation  of 
rations  at  25  cents  per  day. 

(6)  On  Government  transports  nurses  will  be  provided  meals  free  of  charge. 

LEAVE   OF   ABSENCE. 

11.  The  total  duration  of  leave  of  absence  with  pay  granted  a  nurse  shall  not 
exceed  thirty  days  for  each  calendar  year. 

(a)  An  additional  leave  without  pay  or  allowances  not  to  exceed  one  month  may 
be  granted  when  the  service  will  permit. 

(6)  The  commanding  officer  of  a  general  hospital,  or  officer  in  charge  of  a  hospital, 
may  grant  a  leave  of  absence  to  a  nurse  when  it  can  be  done  without  detriment  to 
the  service.  No  leave  of  absence  will  be  granted  unless  requested  by  the  nurse  in 
writing.  The  original  paper  granting  the  leave  will  be  given  to  the  nurse  and  the 
facts  reported  to  the  Surgeon-General. 

(c)  Nurses  on  foreign  service  can  not  be  granted  leave  "  to  take  effect  after  arrival 
in  the  United  States,"  but  nurses  assigned  to  transport  duty  may  be  granted  leave 
after  reaching  port. 

{d)  A  nurse  on  leave  of  absence  in  the  United  States  will  report  in  writing  to  the 
Surgeon-General  at  least  one  week  prior  to  the  expiration  of  said  leave. 

(e)  At  places  where  the  services  of  trained  nurses  are  not  otherwise  obtainable  a 
nurse  may,  if  she  so  desires,  and  with  the  approval  of  the  officer  in  charge  of  the 
hospital,  be  granted  a  special  leave  without  pay  or  allowances  in  order  to  take  a 
private  case,  such  leaves  not  to  exceed  sixty  days. 

(/)  An  extension  of  leaves  of  absence  may  be  granted  by  the  officer  granting  the 
original  leave  or  by  the  Surgeon-General,  provided  that  leave  with  pay  shall  not 
exceed  thirty  days  for  each  year. 

ILLNESS. 

12.  A  nurse  is  entitled  to  receive  medical  attendance  from  an  army  surgeon  and 
medicines  when  ill.  This  will  be  provided  for  at  the  hospital  where  she  may  be 
serving,  but  when  it  is  reported  as  desirable  the  Surgeon-General,  or  chief  surgeon 
within  his  department,  may  give  orders  for  a  nurse's  transfer  to  and  treatment  in  some 
other  army  hospital.  Bills  contracted  by  a  nurse  for  medical  attendance  can  not  be 
allowed,  nor  will  extra  leave  of  absence  with  pay  be  granted  because  of  illness. 

(a)  A  nurse  will  not  be  discharged  for  disability  contracted  in  line  of  duty  until 
after  reasonable  time  has  been  allowed  for  treatment  unless  the  case  requires  imme- 
diate action  and  at  her  request.  Full  reports  in  all  cases  of  nurses  under  treatment 
in  hospital  should  be  promptly  forwarded  to  the  Surgeon-General  for  his  information. 

CHIEF   NURSE. 

13.  A  nurse  shall  not  be  assigned  to  duty  as  chief  nurse  unless  she  shall  have 
passed  a  satisfactory  written  and  oral  examination. 

{a)  At  such  times  as  he  may  deem  necessary  the  Surgeon-General  shall  appoint 
boards  for  the  examination  of  nurses  for  promotion  to  the  grade  of  chief  nurse. 

{h)  The  rules  and  regulations  governing  such  examinations  shall  be  prepared  and 
promulgated  by  the  Surgeon-General. 

{<•)  The  examination  papers  of  nurses  shall  be  forwarded  to  the  Surgeon-General 
for  his  consideration  and  action. 

{d)  Lists  of  those  nurses  who  pass  the  required  examination  shall  be  sent  to  the 
chief  surgeon  of  the  department  in  which  they  are  serving,  or  to  the  commanding 
officer  of  a  United  States  general  hospital,  who  will  make  assignments  therefrom  to 
duty  as  chief  nurse. 

(e)  Pending  the  receipt  of  lists  of  candidates  for  promotion  to  the  grade  of  chief 


348  APPENDIX. 

nurse  the  chief  surgeon  will  make  temporary  assignments  of  nurses  to  that  grade, 
and  those  nurses  now  assigned  to  duty  as  chief  nurse  shall  hold  their  present  assign- 
ments so  long  as  their  services  are  needed  and  their  duties  are  performed  in  a  satis- 
factory manner. 

(f)  A  chief  nurse  whose  services  are  no  longer  required  as  such  may  elect  to  be 
discharged  or  to  be  assigned  to  regular  duty  as  nurse. 

{g)  Nurses  who  prove  themselves  possessed  of  marked  executive  ability,  good 
judgment,  and  tact  will  be  recommended  by  the  commanding  officer  of  the  hospital 
at  which  they  are  on  duty  for  examination  for  promotion  to  the  grade  of  chief  nurse. 

(h)  All  assignments  or  reductions,  with  the  reasons  therefor,  will  be  promptly 
reported  to  the  Surgeon-General. 

{%)  When  required  by  climatic  conditions  the  chief  nurse  may,  with  the  approval 
of  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  hospital,  substitute  the  eight-hour  day  for  the  usual 
ten  or  twelve  hours  of  ward  duty. 

(k)  If  the  hospital  is  large  enough  to  require  it,  one  or  more  nurses  may  be 
assigned  to  duty  as  assistants  to  the  chief  nurse  without  extra  pay. 

(l)  The  chief  nurse  will  render  efficiency  reports  of  the  nurses  serving  under  her 
on  the  last  day  of  March,  June,  September,  and  December  of  each  year.  A  special 
report  will  be  made  also  when  the  chief  nurse  is  about  to  be  relieved  from  duty  at  a 
hospital. 

(m)  Special  efficiency  reports  of  an  individual  nurse  will  be  made  whenever  she 
is  ordered  away  from  the  hospital,  and  the  commanding  officer  will  forward  them, 
under  special  cover,  through  the  chief  surgeon  to  the  Surgeon-General.  Only  mat- 
ters which  relate  exclusively  to  the  efficiency  of  the  nurses  will  appear  in  these 
reports.     Blanks  for  efficiency  reports  will  be  furnished  by  the  Surgeon-General. 

REPORTS   AND    RETURNS. 

14.  On  the  last  day  of  each  month  the  officer  in  charge  of  a  hospital  will  forward 
a  return  of  female  nurses  t )  the  Surgeon-General  through  the  chief  surgeon  on  blank 
form  furnished  by  the  Surgeon-General.  On  this  should  be  noted  all  the  changes, 
with  dates,  which  have  taken  place  in  the  status  of  nurses  since  the  last  report. 
These  returns  should  be  carefully  prepared  and  furnish  full  information  of  the  actual 
status  of  the  nurses,  including  leaves  of  absence 

(a)  The  officer  in  charge  of  a  hospital  will  forward  to  the  Surgeon-General  through 
the  chief  surgeon  the  quarterly  and  special  efficiency  reports  prepared  by  the  chief 
nurse,  stating  whether  or  not  he  concurs  in  the  grading  reported  by  her.  He  will 
also  indorse  thereon  his  report  of  the  efficiency  of  the  chief  nurse,  specifying  in 
detail  the  character  of  the  services  rendered  by  her.     {See  paragraph  13,  (^  and  (m). ) 

UNIFORM. 

15.  The  uniform  of  the  Army  Nurse  Corps  will  consist  of  a  waist  and  skirt  of  suitr 
able  white  material,  adjustable  white  cuffs,  bishop  collar,  white  apron  and  cap, 
according  to  patterns  and  specifications  in  the  Surgeon-General's  Office. 

(a)  A  nui*se  provides  for  the  laundry  of  her  uniform. 

(6)  The  badge  of  the  corps  is  the  cross  of  the  Medical  Department  in  green  enamel 
with  gilt  edge.  This  is  pinned  on  the  left  side  of  the  collar  of  the  uniform  or  on  a 
corresponding  part  of  her  dress  when  she  is  not  in  uniform. 

(c)  When  a  nurse  is  appointed  she  will  be  supplied  with  detailed  instructions  on 
this  subject  and  will  immediately  procure  her  uniform.  It  will  invariably  be  worn 
during  her  hours  of  duty. 

(d)  Nurses  not  in  uniform  will  not  be  allowed  in  the  wards  without  special  per- 
mission of  the  chief  nurse  or  officer  in  charge. 

{e)  No  changes  in  the  prescribed  uniform  of  the  Army  Nurse  Corps  will  be  made 
without  authority  of  the  Surgeon-General. 


APPENDIX.  349 

RESERVE   NURSES. 

16.  A  mirse  who  has  served  faithfully  and  satisfactorily  for  at  least  six  months  and 
received  an  honorable  discharge  will  be  placed  on  the  reserve  list. 

(a)  Each  reserve  nurse  must  sign  an  agreement  to  enter  active  service  in  time  of 
war  or  national  emergency,  or  whenever  she  may  be  needed,  and  to  report  by 
letter  to  the  Surgeon-General  on  the  1st  of  January  and  the  1st  of  July  of  each  year. 
Reserve  nurses  wear  the  badge  of  army  nurses,  but  are  not  entitled  to  pay  or  allow- 
ances except  when  on  active  service. 

(6)  When  called  into  active  service  they  will  be  subject  to  all  established  rules 
and  regulations  and  will  receive  the  pay  and  allowances  of  nurses  on  the  active  list. 
They  may  be  granted  leave  of  absence  with  pay  at  the  rate  of  two  and  one-half  days 
per  month  of  active  service,  not  exceeding  thirty  days  during  any  calendar  year. 

(c)  A  nurse  will  be  dropped  from  the  reserve  list  upon  reaching  the  age  of  45 
years,  or  if  she  ceases  for  five  years  to  practice  her  profession,  or  if  she  becomes 
permanently  incapacitated  from  ill  health,  or  for  other  good  and  sufficient  reason; 
but  a  nurse  shall  not  be  dropped  from  the  reserve  list  without  due  notice  of  the  cause 
for  such  action  and  an  opportunity  to  reply  to  any  charges  which  may  be  made 
against  her. 

{Pars.  1378,  1426,  and  1661.) 


[G.  O.  11,  Feb.  3,  1902.] 

A  new  edition  of  Form  No.  40  (Abstract  of  issues)  and  Form  No.  53  (Ration 
return)  is  about  to  be  issued  by  the  Subsistence  Department,  as  well  as  a  new  Fonn 
No.  66  (Consolidated  ration  return),  to  which  the  attention  of  company,  regimental, 
and  post  commanders  is  invited.  The  use  of  old  forms  No.  40  on  hand  at  posts 
and  No.  53  in  hands  of  company  commanders  will  be  discontinued  on  receipt  of  the 
new  forms. 

Especial  attention  is  called  to  the  notes  on  all  these  forms,  which  are  explanatory 
of  their  uses.  The  matter  of  fundamental  importance  in  connection  with  the  ration 
return  is  that  it  must  be  founded  by  the  company  commander  upon  the  showing  of 
his  company's  morning  reports  as  to  strength  on  the  date  of  the  return  and  as  to  the 
additions  and  deductions  made  on  the  return.  The  responsibility  for  the  accuracy 
of  the  entries  on  the  ration  return,  therefore,  rests  upon  him  and  the  post  or  regi- 
mental commander,  the  latter  of  whom,  under  paragraph  1390  of  the  Regulations, 
must  verify  their  accuracy  from  the  morning  reports  of  the  company  in  his  posses- 
sion before  ordering  the  commissary  to  make  the  issues. 

In  order  to  diminish  as  much  as  possible  the  clerical  work  on  the  abstract  of  issues, 
the  general  use  of  Form  No.  66  (Consolidated  ration  return)  in  all  cases  where  its 
use  is  practicable  is  enjoined  on  post  and  regimental  commanders,  who  make  them- 
selves responsible  for  all  issues  reported  on  this  abstract  upon  signing  the  same  as 
required  by  paragraph  1406  of  the  Regulations. 

{Pars.  1390  and  I4O6,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  43,  Nov.  29,  1901.] 

The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  infor- 
mation and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

Ice  for  hospital  patients. — Ice  can  not  be  purchased  from  the  fund  of  40  cents 
per  diem  appropriated  for  special  diet  to  enlisted  patients  in  hospitals  who  are  too 
sick  to  be  subsisted  on  the  army  ration. 

{Par.  1392  and  1395,  A.  E.) 


350  APPENDIX. 

[G.  O.  34,  Apr.  3,  1902.] 


By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  rules  and  regulations  will  gov- 
ern the  issue  of  rations  at  the  general  hospital  at  Fort  Bayard,  New  Mexico: 

For  all  enlisted  men  and  army  nurses  ordered  to  duty  there  rations  in  kind  will 
be  issued  by  the  Subsistence  Department. 

For  all  enlisted  men  on  the  active  list  ordered  there  for  treatment  rations  in  kind 
will  be  issued  by  the  Subsistence  Department,  or  such  men  may  be  subsisted  from 
the  40  cents  per  diem  allowance  authorized  by  paragraph  1392  of  the  Regulations,  as 
the  circumstances  of  each  case  may  require. 

For  discharged  enlisted  men  who  are  beneficiaries  of  the  U.  S.  Soldier's  Home, 
Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  under  the  provisions  of  General  Orders,  No.  159, 
August  29,  1899,  from  this  office,  the  medical  officer  in  command  of  the  hospital  is 
authorized  to  purchase  from  the  Subsistence  Department  the  subsistence  stores 
needed  for  their  subsistence,  paying  therefor  from  the  allowance  made  to  the  hos- 
pital by  the  Soldier's  Home  for  their  maintenance. 

{Far.  1392,  A.  R.) 

*  *  *  *  *  «  * 


[G.  O.  62,  May  2,  1901.] 


By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  Paragraph  I,  General  Orders,  No.  102,  July 
31,  1900,  from  this  office,  is  rescinded,  to  take  effect  July  1,  1901,  and  on  and  after 
that  date  vouchers  in  payment  of  an  officer's  salary  will  be  made  up  to  cover  his 
whole  compensation,  of  whatever  character,  for  a  period  of  one  or  more  calendar 
months,  and  there  will  be  noted  on  the  pay  accounts  any  facts,  as  well  as  the  num- 
ber and  date  of  orders  affecting  the  officer's  pay  status. 

{Par.  144S,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  29,  Aug.  28, 1901.] 


Increased  pay  for  exercise  of  higher  command.  Adverse  to  claim  of  Captain  Wood,  Eighteenth  Infantry, 
appointed  chief  ordnance  officer  by  commanding  general.  Division  of  the  Philippines,  on  the  ground  that 
the  President  only  is  authorized,  under  section  10,  act  April  22,  1898;  section  7,  act  April  26,  1898,  or  act 
July  7,  1898  {which  increases  the  force  of  the  Ordnance  Department),  to  make  such  appointment  or  assign- 
ment as  would  entitle  him  to  pay  in  excess  of  grade  to  which  commissioned. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  February  25,  1901. 
To  the  honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  By  reference  from  the  Paymaster-General,  by  indorsement  dated  October  8,  1900,  made  pur- 
suant to  your  order,  I  am  in  receipt  of  a  letter  and  account  from  W.  T.  Wood,  captain  of  the  Eigh- 
teenth United  States  Infantry,  to  the  chief  paymaster,  Division  of  the  Philippines,  dated  May  23, 
1900,  with  indorsements,  requesting  a  decision  upon  the  question  of  the  right  of  Captain  Wood  to  the 
difference  of  pay  between  lieutenant-colonel  and  captain  of  infantry  for  the  period  from  November 
17,  1898,  to  March  11, 1899,  while  on  duty  as  chjef  ordnance  officer.  Department  of  the  Pacific, 
Manila,  P.  I. 
The  War  Department  reports  that— 

"Capt.  W.  T.  Wood,  Eighteenth  Infantry,  was  never  commissioned  as  chief  ordnance  officer  of  Vol- 
unteers.   The  records  show,  however,  that  he  was  on  special  duty  as  chief  ordnance  officer,  Depart- 


APPENDIX.  351 

meat  of  the  Pacific  and  Eighth  Army  Corps,  from  November  23,  1898,  to  March  11;  1899,  by  authority 
of  General  Orders,  No.  30,  November  17, 1898,  from  that  department  and  corps." 
He  was  assigned  to  duty  by  the  following  order: 

"General  Orders,)  "Headquarters  Department  op  the  Pacific 

y  "AND  Eighth  Army  Corps, 

No,  30.  )  "Manila,  P.  L,  November  17,  1S98. 

"Lieut.  Col.  Charles  W.  Whipple,  United  States  Volunteers,  is  relieved  from  duty  as  chief  ordnance 
officer  at  these  headquarters  on  account  of  sickness,  and  will  transfer  to  Capt.  W.  T.  Wood,  p:ighteenth 
Infantry,  who  is  hereby  appointed  chief  ordnance  officer.  Department  of  the   Pacific  and  Eighth 
Army  Corps,  all  funds,  property,  and  records  pertaining  to  that  office. 
"By  command  of  Major-General  Otis: 

"Thomas  H.  Barry, 
''Assistant  Adjutant- Generai." 

Captain  Wood  claims  that  this  assignment  was  in  accordance  with  the  following  provision  in  the 
act  of  July  7,  1898  (30  Stat.,  720),  viz— 

"A  chief  ordnance  officer  may  be  assigned  to  the  staff  of  an  army  or  corps  commander,  and  while 
so  assigned  shall  have  the  rank,  pay,  and  allowances  of  a  lieutenant-colonel.  A  chief  ordnance  offi- 
cer may  be  assigned  to  the  staff  of  a  division  commander,  and  while  so  assigned  shall  have  the  rank, 
pay,  and  allowances  of  a  major," 

and  that  he  is  therefore  entitled  to  the  rank,  pay,  and  allowances  of  a  lieutenant-colonel,  as  provided 
by  said  act,  for  the  period  so  assigned. 

This  provision  was  a  part  of  the  act  entitled  "An  act  to  increase  the  force  of  the  Ordnance  Depart- 
ment." This  act  amended  section  5  of  the  act  of  June  23,  1874  (18  Stat.,  244),  entitled  "An  act 
reorganizing  the  several  staff  corps  of  the  Army,"  by  providing  for  an  increased  number  of  ordnance 
officers  in  the  various  grades  therein  mentioned  and  adding  the  provision  above  quoted.  The  manner 
in  which  the  assignment  of  the  chief  ordnance  officer  shall  be  made  is  not  specified  in  the  act  of 
July  7,  1898,  supra.  This  act,  however,  appears  to  have  been  passed  for  the  same  general  purpose  and 
upon  the  same  general  subject-matter  as  section  10  of  the  act  of  April  22,  1898  (30  Stat.,  361).  Both 
acts  related  to  the  staff  commanders;  both  made  the  rank  and  pay  contingent  upon  the  assignment 
to  and  performance  of  certain  duties.  An  officer  of  the  Ordnance  Department  assigned  under  the 
act  of  July  7, 1898,  supra,  was  entitled  to  the  same  rank,  pay,  and  allowances,  and  received  the  same 
designation,  viz.,  chief  officer,  as  similar  officers  in  other  departments  assigned  under  the  provisions 
of  section  10  of  the  act  of  April  22, 1898,  supra.  Both  acts  were  to  increase  the  force,  and  the  manner 
of  making  such  increase  would  necessarily  be  involved  in  each.  The  act  of  July  7,  1898,  supra, 
appears  to  have  been  supplemental  to  the  act  of  April  22,  1898,  supra,  and  was  evidently  intended  to 
include  on  the  terms  and  conditions  therein  mentioned  the  Ordnance  Department,  which  had  been 
omitted  in  the  act  of  April  22,  1898,  supra.  These  acts  are  therefore  in  pari  materia,  and  must  be 
construed  with  reference  to  each  other.  When  so  construed  the  provisions  in  section  10  of  the  act  of 
April  22, 1898,  relative  to  the  manner  of  making  the  assignments  of  similar  officers  therein  authorized, 
applies  proprio  vigore  to  the  manner  of  making  like  assignments  authorized  by  the  act  of  July  7, 
1898,  supra.  Congress  having  expressly  provided  that  the  President  should  make  the  assignments 
authorized  in  the  initial  act  of  April  22, 1898,  supra,  naturally  omitted  such  provision  from  the  subse- 
quent act  authorizing  more  assignments  of  the  same  class  as  those  already  provided  for.  It  is  not 
believed  that  Congress  intended  by  this  omission  to  create  an  exception  by  implication  in  the  case 
of  ordnance  officers.  The  better  view  is  that  as  the  manner  of  making  assignments  of  the  class 
authorized  had  been  covered  by  section  10  of  the  general  act  of  April  22, 1898,  supra.  Congress  intended 
and  assumed  that  this  provision  would  apply  to  and  control  the  manner  of  making  assignments  of 
like  character  authorized  in  a  subsequent  act.  This  assignment  is  a  form  of  appointment  authorized 
to  be  made  by  detail,  and  which,  when  so  made,  confers  upon  the  holder  the  right  to  certain  tem- 
porary rank,  pay,  and  allowances,  and  as  such,  in  the  absence  of  statutory  regulations  controlling  it, 
would  belong  to  the  prerogative  of  the  President  acting  through  his  representative,  the  Secretary  of 
War,  to  make. 

It  is  therefore  held  that  the  assignment  of  a  chief  ordnance  officer  under  the  act  of  July  7,  1898 
can  only  be  made  by  the  President. 

Captain  Wood  was  not  so  assigned  and  his  services  under  the  unauthorized  assignment  of  Major- 
General  Otis  does  not  entitle  him  to  pay  in  excess  of  the  grade  to  which  he  was  commissioned.  {See 
Comp.  Dec,  in  the  case  of  Charles  M.  Truitt,  December  12,  1899.) 

The  question  as  to  whether  the  assignment  should  have  been  made  from  the  line  or  staff  is  not 

decided  as  the  determination  of  that  question  is  not  necessary  to  this  decision. 

Respectfully, 

R.  J.  Trackwell,  Coviptroller. 

{Par.  1446  and  1448,  A.  R.) 


352  APPENDIX. 

Increased  pay  for  higher  command  can  not  he  drawn  by  officers  who  have  not  been  assigned  in  orders  by 

competent  authority,  i.  e.,  the  Secretary  of  War  or  the  commanding  general  of  an  army  operating  against 

an  enemy. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  February  27,  1901. 

Philip  G.  Walker,  August  31, 1900,  appeals  from  the  action  of  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department 
in  settlement  No.  285105,  dated  December  6,  1899. 

He  claimed  pay  as  second  lieutenant  in  Company  E,  First  Regiment,  West  Virginia  Volunteer 
Infantry,  from  April  26,  1898,  date  he  joined  for  duty,  to  May  12, 1898,  date  he  was  mustered  in,  "and 
also  for  difference  of  pay  between  second  lieutenant  and  captain,  having  commanded  the  company 
for  quite  awhile,  exact  dates  being  unknown  to  him,  but  will  be  shown  by  company  morning  report 
book  of  Company  F,  First  West  Virginia  Volunteer  Infantry.  Also  applies  for  any  other  pay  and 
allowances  due." 

The  Auditor  described  his  claim  as  one  for  pay,  and  pay  for  exercise  of  higher  command,  and  dis- 
allowed it  for  reasons  stated,  as  follows: 

"  He  was  paid  in  full,  including  all  periods  exercising  command  higher  than  that  pertaining  to 
his  grade.  The  records  fail  to  show  that  he  joined  for  service  prior  to  May  12,  1898,  date  from  which 
originally  paid." 

He  contends  that  he  joined  for  duty  and  was  enrolled  April  26,  1898,  and  that  he  is  entitled  to  pay 
from  date  of  enrollment  to  date  of  muster  in,  and  that  he  is  entitled  to  pay  for  exercising  the  com- 
mand of  captain  of  his  company  by  virtue  of  being  senior  officer  present  for  duty  with  the  company, 
the  dates  of  such  service  being  unknown  to  him. 

On  October  14, 1899,  the  War  Department  reported  that  records  show  officer  enrolled  May  12,  1898, 
and  mustered  into  service  as  second  lieutenant  Company  E,  First  West  Virginia  Volunteers,  same 
day,  and  mustered  out  as  first  lieutenant,  to  which  promoted  January  6,  1899,  on  February  4,  1899, 
On  subsequent  requests  for  further  investigation  and  report,  in  connection  with  the  evidence  sub- 
mitted by  the  claimant  as  to  the  dates  he  joined  for  duty  and  was  enrolled,  the  War  Department 
declined  to  change  its  report  of  October  14, 1899,  supra,  on  the  ground  that  nothing  has  been  found 
of  record  to  warrant  any  change  in  the  statement  as  originally  furnished  to  the  auditor. 

The  adjutant-general  of  the  State  of  West  Virginia  has  reported  as  follows: 

•'  This  is  to  certify  that  the  records  of  this  office  show  that  prior  to  the  President's  call  for  troops  on 
the  26th  day  of  April,  1898,  Philip  G.  Walker,  of  Charleston,  W.  Va.,  held  a  commission  and  was 
regularly  mustered  in  and  assigned  to  duty  as  quartermaster  on  the  staff  of  Maj.  John  Baker 
White,  commanding  the  Second  Battalion,  Second  West  Virginia  National  Guard,  and  that  his  com- 
mission as  such  dated  from  October  14, 1897;  that  his  regiment  was  on  the  26th  day  of  April,  1898, 
ordered  to  rendezvous  at  Charleston,  W.  Va.,  forthwith  for  the  purpose  of  being  mustered  into  the 
service  of  the  United  States  as  a  regiment  of  volunteers;  that  said  Philip  G.  Walker  in  obedience  to 
said  orders  reported  at  the  rendezvous  with  his  regiment  and  continued  on  duty  with  the  same 
as  a  second  lieutenant  (mounted)  until  the  12th  day  of  May,  1898,  at  which  time  he  was  mustered 
i  to  the  service  of  the  United  States  as  a  second  lieutenant  of  infantry  and  assigned  to  duty  with 
Company  E,  of  the  First  Regiment  of  West  Virginia  Volunteers;  that  a  commission  was  issued  by  the 
governor  of  this  State  to  the  said  Walker  as  second  lieutenant  in  said  regiment  dated  April  29,  1898, 
and  that  said  Walker  was  regularly  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  by  Lieutenant 
Douglas  Settle  on  the  12th  day  of  May,  1898,  as  second  lieutenant. 

"I  further  certify  that  the  records  of  this  office  show  that  said  Walker  reported  with  his  regiment 
for  duty  on  April  26, 1898,  and  actually  served  with  such  as  second  lieutenant  from  that  date  until  the 
date  of  his  muster  in  (May  12, 1898),  and  that  he  received  pay  from  the  State  of  West  Virginia  for 
such  services  as  second  lieutenant  (mounted)." 

Maj.  John  Baker  White,  in  an  affidavit  executed  February  15, 1900,  states  as  follows: 

"That  said  Walker,  fearing  that  he  would  not  receive  a  commission  in  the  First  West  Virginia 
Volunteer  Infantry,  by  reason  of  there  being  no  such  office  as  battalion  quartermaster  in  the  United 
States  Army,  and  being  anxious  to  serve  his  country  in  some  capacity,  did  cause  his  name  to  be 
enrolled  as  a  private  in  Company  B,  First  West  Virginia  Volunteer  Infantry." 

The  muster-out  roll  of  Company  E  shows  soldier  enrolled  as  a  private  and  appointed  a  second 
lieutenant  April  29, 1898,  and  mustered  out  as  such. 

Notwithstanding  the  findings  of  the  War  Department  upon  all  the  other,  evidence  in  the  case,  it  is 
concluded  that  said  Walker  joined  for  duty  and  was  enrolled  as  a  private  in  Company  B,  First  Regi- 
ment West  Virginia  Infantry,  April  26, 1898,  and  that  he  was  commissioned  as  second  lieutenant  in 
Company  E,  First  Regiment  West  Virginia  Infantry,  April  29,1898.  He  is  therefore  entitled  to  the 
pay  of  a  private  from  April  26  to  April  28, 1898,  inclusive,  and  to  the  pay  of  a  second  lieutenant  from 
April  29  to  May  11, 1898,  inclusive,  which  is  now  allowed.  {See  decision  of  the  Comptroller  in  case  of 
Charles  D.  Forrer,  July  31, 1900.) 

The  officer  does  not  appear  to  have  exercised  the  command  of  captain,  if  at  all,  except  by  virtue  of 
being  senior  officer  present  for  duty  with  the  company  and  in  command  by  virtue  of  paragraph  253, 
Army  Regulations  of  1895,  which  provides: 

"In  the  absence  of  its  captain  the  command  of  the  company  devolves  upon  the  subaltern  next  in 
rank  who  is  serving  with  it,  unless  otherwise  specially  directed." 


APPENDIX.  353 

He  does  not  claim,  and  there  is  no  record  to  show  that  he  exercised  the  higher  command,  if  at  all, 
by  any  other  authority  or  order  than  that  conferred  by  paragraph  253  of  the  Army  Regulations,  supra, 
as  the  senior  officer  present  for  duty  with  the  company. 

Section  7,  of  the  act  of  April  26,  1898  (30  Stat.,  365),  providing  pay  for  those  officers  who  exercise  a 
command  above  that  pertaining  to  their  grades,  reads  as  follows: 

"That  in  time  of  war  every  officer  serving  with  troops  operating  against  an  enemy  who  shall  exer- 
cise, under  assignments  in  orders  issued  by  competent  authority,  a  command  above  that  pertaining 
to  his  grade  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  the  pay  and  allowances  of  the  grade  appropriate  to  the  com- 
mand so  exercised." 

To  hold  that  this  act  allows  pay  to  an  officer  who  exercises  a  command  above  that  pertaining  to 
his  grade  under  paragraph  253  of  the  Army  Regulations,  supra,  by  virtue  of  being  the  senior  officer 
present  for  duty  with  his  company,  does  violence  to  both  the  language  and  spirit  of  the  act-and  the 
conditions  and  limitations  therein  specified.  If  such  be  its  proper  construction,  the  clause  limiting 
this  increased  pay  to  the  officers  exercising  a  higher  command  than  that  held  by  them  under  assign- 
ment in  orders  issued  by  competent  authority  is  utterly  without  meaning,  force,  or  effect. 

It  is  fair  to  presume  that  Congress  in  the  passage  of  a  law  of  this  importance,  in  fact,  of  any  law, 
used  the  English  language  with  a  fair  degree  of  accuracy.  If  it  had  intended  to  pay  the  officer  for 
exercising  a  higher  command  than  that  held  by  him  under  the  terms  and  provisions  of  the  regu- 
lations quoted  or  any  other  army  regulation,  it  would  have  been  a  very  easy  matter  to  have  so 
stated. 

If  this  had  been  the  intention  of  Congress  its  intention  would  have  been  perfectly  manifest  by 
entirely  omitting  from  the  act  the  language  requiring  the  assignment  to  the  higher  command  to  be 
by  assignment  in  orders  issued  by  proper  authority. 

It  is  perfectly  clear  to  my  mind  that  Congress  intended  to  attach  a  substantial  meaning  to  these 
restrictive  words,  in  fact  the  most  restrictive  clause  in  the  entire  act,  and  that  its  meaning  does  not 
appear  to  be  of  great  difficulty  to  arrive  at.  It  is  that  when  an  officer  is  absent  and  the  officer  having 
authority  to  designate  another  officer  to  temporarily  fill  his  position  determines  that  the  absence  is 
of  such  a  character  as  justifies  an  official  filling  of  the  position  so  temporarily  vacant,  and  does  so  fill 
it  by  ordering  some  other  officer  to  fill  it,  then  the  requirements  of  this  clause  of  the  law  have  been 
fulfilled. 

It  seems  to  me  that  the  correct  rule  is  laid  down  in  this  matter  in  General  Orders,  No.  86,  General 
Orders  and  Circulars,  Adjutant-General's  Office,  and  Circular  No.  18,  Adjutant-General's  Office.  It 
is  said  in  the  latter  circular: 

"  For  the  purpose  of  restricting  assignments  to  command  under  this  section  to  '  competent  author- 
ity,' it  is  decided  that  such  authority  can  be  exercised  only  by  the  Secretary  of  War  or  by  the  com- 
manding general  of  an  army  '  operating  against  an  enemy.' " 

(Decision  Sec.  War,  June  10, 1898—85003,  A.  G.  O.) 

It  is  said  in  General  Orders,  No.  86: 

"To  entitle  an  officer  to  the  pay  of  a  grade  above  that  actually  held  by  him,  the  assignment  in 
orders,  under  the  clause  cited,  must  be  by  the  written  order.of  the  commanding  general  in  the  field 
or  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  no  pay  or  allowances  of  a  higher  grade  than  that  actually  held  by  an 
officer  will  be  paid  under  this  provision  except  when  a  certified  copy,  in  duplicate,  of  such  order,  with 
statement  of  service,  is  filed  with  the  paymaster." 

Without  these  authorities  it  would  appear  that  an  officer  assuming  temporary  command  under  a 
regulation  is  not  the  assuming  of  command  "under  assignment  in  orders  issued  by  competent 
authority." 

No  order  having  been  made  assigning  this  lieutenant  to  the  command  of  the  company  for  any 
period  by  any  competent  authority  under  the  clause  of  the  act  mentioned,  he  is  not  entitled  to  pay 
for  exercising  the  command  of  captain,  and  as  he  has  been  paid  in  full  for  all  other  periods  wherein 
it  is  shown  that  he  exercised  a  command  above  that  pertaining  to  his  grade  in  orders  issued  by  com- 
petent authority,  the  action  of  the  Auditor  as  to  this  item  is  affirmed. 

Any  decision  of  this  office  holding  that  an  officer  not  assigned  as  set  forth  to  a  command  above  that 
which  he  holds  is  entitled  to  pay  and  allowances  of  such  higher  command  is  hereby  overruled. 

Upon  revision  of  the  above-described  account  I  find  and  certify  the  following  difference: 

Due  claimant  from  the  United  States: 

Pay  as  private  from  April  26,  1898,  to  April  28,  1898,  inclusive,  at  $15.60  per  month $1. 56 

Pay  as  second  lieutenant  from  April  29  to  30, 1898,  inclusive,  at  $1,400 per  annum 7. 77 

Pay  as  second  lieutenant  for  May,  1898,  $116.67,  less  $73.90  paid 42. 77 

Short  paid  from  February  1  to  February  4,  1899 -^^ 

Total 52.55 

Appropriation:  "  Pay,  etc.  of  the  Army,  January  1,  1899." 
To  be  paid  to  Philip  G.  Walker,  Charleston,  W.  Va. 

R.  J.  Tbacewell,  Comptroller. 

{Pars.  1446  and  1448,  A.  R.) 

22778—03 23 


354  APPENDIX. 

In  accordance  with  section  1892,  Revised  Statutes,  and  section  12,  act  of  April  22,  1898,  volunteer  officers  are 
entitled,  when  promoted  by  seniority,  to  pay  from  date  of  vacancy  in  next  higher  grade. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comitroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  March  12,  1901. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  I  have  received  by  your  authority  two  letters  from  the  Paymaster-General  of  the  Army,  dated, 
respectively,  March  7  and  May  19, 1900,  in  the  former  of  which  decision  is  asked  upon  the  questions: 

"1.  Whether,  as  provided  by  the  act  of  October  1,  1890  (26  Stat.,  562),  promotion  in  the  United 
States  volunteer  regiments  should  be  by  seniority  in  each  regiment,  or  whether  it  should  be  by 
seniority  in  the  arm  of  the  service;  and 

"2.  Whether  promotions  in  said  volunteer  regiments  take  effect  with  pay  from  date  of  vacancy,  as  in 
the  case  of  promotion  of  officers  of  the  Regular  Army,  or  from  date  of  acceptance  of  the  new  commis- 
sion by  the  officer  promoted." 

The  letter  of  May  19,  1900,  is  as  follows: 

"  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  for  your  decision  the  within  claim  of  Capt.  Julien  E.  Gaujot,  Twenty- 
seventh  United  States  Volunteer  Infantry,  for  pay  as  captain  from  the  date  of  the  vacancy  to  which 
he  was  promoted,  he  having  been  paid  as  captain  only  from  the  date  of  his  acceptance  of  his  appoint- 
ment as  such. 

"As  stated  in  his  communication,  he  was  promoted  from  first  lieutenant  Company  M,  Twenty-seventh 
United  States  Volunteer  Infantry,  to  captain  of  Company  I  of  the  same  regiment,  '  to  rank  from 
November  2,  1899,  vice  Langhorne,  promoted.'  On  November  16  he  accepted  his  appointment  as 
captain. 

"  As  this  case  is  representative  of  many  which  have  occurred  among  the  regiments  of  the  United 
States  Volunteers  now  in  service,  it  is  deemed  important  that  the  date  on  which  such  promoted 
officers  became  entitled  to  the  higher  rate  of  pay  be  determined. 

"Section  1292,  Revised  Statutes,  provides  that 'in  all  matters  relating  to  the  pay  and  allowances 
of  officers  and  soldiers  of  the  Army  of  the  United  States  the  same  rules  and  regulations  shall  apply 
to  the  Regular  Army  and  to  the  volunteer  forces  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  for  a 
limited  period.' 

"The  act  of  October  1,  1890  (26  Stat.,  562),  provides  that  'hereafter  promotion  to  every  grade  in  the 
Army  below  the  grade  of  brigadier-general  throughout  each  arm,  corps,  or  department  of  service 
shall,  subject  to  the  examination  hereinafter  provided  for,  be  made  according  to  seniority  in  the 
next  lower  grade  in  that  arm,  corps,  or  department.' 

"Section  12  of  an  act  approved  April  22,  1898  (30  Stat.,  363),  provides  that  'all  officers  and  enlisted 
men  of  the  Volunteer  Army,  and  of  the  militia  of  the  States  when  in  the  service  of  the  United  States, 
shall  be  in  all  respects  on  the  same  footing  as  to  pay,  allowances,  and  pensions  as  that  of  officers  and 
enlisted  men  of  corresponding  grades  of  the  Regular  Army.' 

"In  a  decision  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  promulgated  in  Circular  No.  32,  Adjutant-General's  Office, 
1899  (copy  herewith),  it  was  held  that '  the  date  on  which  a  volunteer  officer  appointed  by  the  Pres- 
ident formally  accepts  his  appointment  should  be  considered  as  the  date  of  the  commencement  of 
his  military  service.  No  such  officer  should  be  recognized  as  having  been  in  the  military  service  of 
the  United  States  under  his  appointment  because  of  any  service  that  may  have  been  rendered  by 
him  prior  to  the  formal  acceptance  of  that  appointment.' 

"So  far  as  known  to  this  office,  there  is  no  law  which  authorizes  pay  of  the  higher  grade  to  the  pro- 
moted officer,  either  in  the  Regular  or  Volunteer  Army,  from  the  date  of  the  vacancy. 

"Comptroller  Gilkeson  says  (par.  867,  p.  225,  vol.  3,  Dig.  Opin.):  'No  Congressional  enactment 
declares  the  time  when  the  pay  of  the  higher  grade  shall  begin  to  accrue  to  the  promoted  officer, 
but  by  immemorial  custom  and  practice  pay  is  allowed  from  the  date  of  the  vacancy.  This  is  the 
time  fixed  by  Army  Regulations  of  1863,  which  have  been  recognized  and  sanctioned  by  Congress.' 

"It  appears  that  promotion  in  the  United  States  Volunteer  regiments  brought  into  service  undeir 
the  act  of  March  2, 1899,  has  been  by  seniority  in  the  entire  infantry  arm  of  the  Volunteer  Army." 

That  I  might  be  advised  of  the  administrative  construction  put  upon  the  act  of  March  2, 1899,  as  to 
the  appointment  and  promotion  of  the  officers  of  the  volunteer  regiments  organized  under  the  pro- 
visions of  section  12  of  said  act,  I  addressed  a  letter  to  you  February  21, 1901,  in  which  I  asked: 

"1.  Have  the  original  appointments  and  promotions  of  the  officers  of  these  regiments  (company 
and  regimental)  been  made  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate  or  by  the  President 
alone? 

"2.  How  have  promotions  in  these  regiments  been  made  and  in  accordance  with  what  regulation 
or  other  authority?" 

These  questions  having  been  referred  to  the  Adjutant-General,  he  replies  in  letter  dated  February 
27, 1901: 

"I  am  directed  by  the  Secretary  of  War  to  inform  you  that  *  *  *  under  date  of  Septembers, 
1899,  a  letter  was  addressed  to  the  commanding  officer  of  each  volunteer  regiment  organized  *  *  * 
communicating  the  instructions  of  the  Secretary  of  War  that  'promotions  in  the  volunteer  regiments 
will  be  made  within  each  regiment  and  by  seniority,'  and  that  'all  vacancies  of  second  lieutenant 
will  be  filled  from  the  enlisted  men  of  the  regiment  on  the  recommendation  of  the  commanding 
officer.' 


A 


APPENDIX.  355 

"In  accordance  with  the  order  of  the  Secretary  the  senior  officers  of  each  regiment,  prior  to  assem- 
bling of  Congress  in  December,  1900,  were  appointed  by  recess  commissions  to  fill  vacancies  occurring 
in  the  next  higher  grade,  to  rank  from  date  of  vacancy  in  each  case,  and  after  Congress  assembled 
the  senior  officers  have  been  nominated  for  'promotion'  to  fill  vacancies  in  the  next  higher  grade,  as 
of  the  dates  of  the  vacancies  to  which  promoted,  have  been  confirmed  agreeably  to  the  nominations, 
and  commissioned  accrrdingly. 

"  The  original  appointments  and  subsequent  promotions  of  officers  of  these  regiments  have  in  every 
case  been  made  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate." 

The  first  question  submitted  by  the  Paymaster-General  in  his  letter  of  March  7, 1900,  is  an  adminis- 
trative question  which  I  have  no  jurisdiction  to  decide,  and  which  seems  to  have  been  administra- 
tively decided  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  as  shown  by  letter  dated  Adjutant-General's  Office,  September 
5,  1899,  supra. 

The  practice  of  paying  the  higher  rate  to  the  Regular  Army  officers  promoted  from  the  date  of  the 
vacancy  rests  upon  custom  and  not  upon  any  provision  of  law.  In  the  ct.se  of  Captain  Wood  (MSS. 
Dec,  vol.  8,  p.  85),  I  said  on  page  89: 

"If  the  question  presented  by  the  Auditor  were  a  new  one,  in  the  absence  of  Congressional  enact 
ment  fixing  the  time  when  the  pay  of  the  higher  grade  should  begin  to  accrue  to  the  promoted  officer 
in  the  Army,  I  should  hesitate  to  hold  that  he  should  be  allowed  such  pay  from  the  date  of  the 
vacancy  in  the  higher  grade. 

"Section  1204,  Revised  Statutes,  and  section  1,  act  of  April  26, 1898,  seem  only  to  prescribe  themode 
in  which  the  vacancies  in  certain  grades  in  the  Army  shall  be  filled,  and  it  would  seem  to  be  the 
most  reasonable  construction  of  the  law  to  hold  that  until  the  officer  next  in  the  order  of  succession 
has  been  duly  appointed  and  has  accepted  the  appointment  to  the  office  of  the  higher  grade  he  is  not 
such  officer  and  therefore  not  entitled  to  pay  as  such." 

Such  ruling  would  appear  to  coincide  with  the  opinion  of  Attorney-General  Hoar  in  13  Opinion 
Attorney-General,  13,  where  he  says: 

"By  the  law  of  the  service  in  force  at  the  passage  of  this  act,  all  vacancies  in  the  established  regi- 
ments or  corps  to  the  rank  of  colonel  were  required  to  be  filled  by  promotion  according  to  seniority 
except  in  case  of  disability  or  other  incompetency.  Promotions  to  the  rank  of  captain  were  made 
regimentally;  to  the  rank  of  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel,  according  to  the  arm,  as  infan- 
try, artillery,  etc.    *    *    * 

"But  these  laws  and  regulations  prescribe  only  the  mode  in  which  vacancies  shall  be  filled;  they 
do  not  confer  upon  the  officer  next  in  the  order  of  succession  any  right  to  the  vacant  place.  This  he 
can  acquire  only  by  virtue  of  a  new  commission." 

This  opinion  deals  only  with  the  right  to  promotion  and  not  with  the  right  to  pay  of  the  higher 
grade  from  the  date  of  the  vacancy  in  case  of  a  promoted  officer. 

The  same  is  true  of  the  other  opinion  cited  by  the  Auditor  as  authority  for  such  payments  in  said 
manuscript  decision,  except  10  Opinion  Attorney-General,  144,  and  the  latter  opinion  is  based  upon 
a  more  explicit  provision  of  the  statute. 

The  quotation  in  the  Paymaster-General's  letter  of  May  19,  1900,  supra,  from  Digest  Second  Comp- 
troller's Decision  (vol.  3,  sec.  867),  and  attributed  to  Second  Comptroller  Gilkeson,  is  really  taken 
from  a  decision  of  Second  Comptroller  Maynard,  dated  October  25, 1886  (MSS.  vol.  54,  p.  196).  The 
third  holding  of  that  decision  was: 

"  No  Congressional  enactment  declares  the  time  when  the  pay  of  the  higher  grade  .shall  begin  to 
accrue  to  the  promoted  officer,  but  by  immemorial  custom  and  practice  the  pay  is  allowed  from  the 
date  of  the  vacancy.  This  is  the  time  fixed  by  the  Army  Regulations  of  1863,  which  have  been  recog- 
nized and  sanctioijed  by  Congress." 

The  last  sentence  in  this  holding  does  not  seem  to  be  warranted  by  the  facts.  The  language  of  the 
Regulations  is: 

"  Officers  are  entitled  to  pay  from  the  date  of  the  acceptance  of  their  appointments  and  from  the 
date  of  promotion."     (Par.  1346.) 

The  same  language  is  used  in  the  Regulations  of  1861  (par.  1315) .  What  the  date  of  promotion  is — 
whether  the  date  of  vacancy,  date  of  commission,  or  date  of  acceptance — is  left  by  the  Regulations  as 
an  open  question.    In  the  Regulations  of  1881  the  language  is: 

"A  person  appointed  to  the  Army  or  receiving  a  new  appointment  therein  is  entitled  to  pay  from 
acceptance  only.  If  the  appointment  creates  vacancies  to  be  filled  by  promotion,  the  promoted  officers 
are  entitled  to  pay  of  the  new  grade  from  the  date  of  acceptance  of  the  appointee.  In  all  other  cases 
of  promotion  the  officer  is  entitled  to  pay  from  the  date  of  the  occurrence  of  the  vacancy."     ( Par.  2392. ) 

This  appears  to  be  the  first  explicit  regulation  authorizing  pay  from  the  date  of  vacancy,  and  it 
has  been  followed  in  subsequent  editions.  The  regulations  appear  to  have  been  as  silent  as  the 
statutes  on  this  point  up  to  1881,  so  far  as  any  explicit  provisions  are  concerned. 

Although  under  existing  laws  and  regulations  a  senior  officer  in  the  line  of  promotion  has  an 
inchoate  right  to  promotion  in  case  of  vacancy  in  the  next  higher  grade,  it  is  only  an  inchoate 
right  which  is  not  complete  until  he  is  commissioned  as  of  the  higher  grade.  His  right  to  promo- 
tion is  further  conditioned  by  the  act  of  October  1,  1890  (25  Stat.,  562),  and  acts  amendatory  thereof, 
providing  for  examination  of  all  officers  below  the  rank  of  major  as  a  condition  precedent  to 
promotion.  The  allowance  of  pay  for  the  higher  grade  from  the  date  of  vacancy  to  date  of  commis- 
sion is  allowance  for  a  time  during  which  the  officer  did  not  hold  the  rank  entitling  him  to  such  pay. 


356  APPENDIX. 

The  allowance  therefore  is  not  a  statutory  allowance,  and  prior  to  1881  was  not  an  explicit  regulation 
allowance.  It  rests  upon  immemorial  custom,  acquiesced  in  by  Congress  and  the  accounting  officers, 
and  I  am  not  disposed  to  disturb  it. 

The  question  arises  whether  the  same  rule  of  payment  is  authorized  in  the  case  of  volunteer  officers 
of  the  regiments  organized  under  the  provisions  of  section  12,  act  of  March  2, 1899  (30  Stat.,  980).  The 
rule  making  promotions  regimentally  by  seniority  and  without  examination  in  the  United  States 
volunteer  regiments  as  set  forth  in  the  Adjutant-General's  letter  of  February  27, 1901,  differs  materi- 
ally from  the  statutory  provisions  for  promotions  in  the  Regular  Army,  requiring  that  they  be  made 
according  to  arm,  as  infantry,  artillery,  etc.,  and  subject  to  examination  for  certain  grades.  These 
differences,  however,  appear  to  pertain  to  tenure  or  right  to  tenure  of  office  and  not  to  emoluments 
of  office. 

Under  the  provisions  of  section  1292  of  the  Revised  Statutes  that— 

"In  all  matters  relating  to  the  pay  and  allowance  of  officers  and  soldiers  of  the  Army  of  the  United 
States,  the  same  rules  and  regulations  shall  apply  to  the  Regular  Army  and  to  volunteer  forces  mus- 
tered into  the  seryice  for  a  limited  period," 
and  of  section  12,  act  of  April  22,  1898  (30  Stat.,  363)— 

"  That  all  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  Volunteer  Army,  and  of  the  militia  of  the  States  when 
in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  shall  be  in  all  respects  on  the  same  footing  as  to  pay,  allowances, 
and  pensions  as  that  of  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  corresponding  grades  in  the  Regular  Army." 

I  see  no  valid  reasons  for  allowing  pay  from  date  of  vacancy  at  the  higher  rate  to  an  officer  in  the 
Regular  Army  when  promoted  by  seniority  and  denying  the  same  to  an  officer  of  the  Volunteer 
Army  when  promoted  by  seniority.  Such  denial  would  not  leave  the  officers  of  the  two  branches  of 
the  service  in  all  respects  on  the  same  footing  as  to  pay  and  allowances. 

I  have  therefore  to  inform  you  that  under  the  immemorial  custom  of  paying  army  officers  the 
higher  rate  from  the  date  of  vacancy  volunteer  officers  promoted  by  seniority  in  accordance  with 
the  Regulations  are  entitled  to  like  payment. 

R.  J.  Tracewell,  Comptroller. 
{Pars.  1446,  144S,  and  1455,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  34,  Sept.  23, 1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comptroller 
of  the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all 
concerned : 

A  subordinate  officer  in  the  Philippine  Islands  is  not  entitled  to  the  pay  appropriate  to  a  higher  command 

unless  he  exercises  such  command  under  orders  issued  by  his  superior  officer  and  afterwards  approved  by 

the  commanding  general  in  the  field. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  op  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  July  29,  1901. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  By  your  reference  and  indorsement  dated  the  13th  instant,  I  am  in  receipt  of  a  letter  from 
Lieut.  Col.  G.  W.  Baird,  chief  disbursing  officer,  Paymaster-General's  Office,  as  follows: 

"I  have  the  honor  to  state  that  Special  Orders,  No.  118,  paragraph  1,  Headquarters  Division  of  the 
Philippines,  Manila,  P.  I.,  May  7, 1901,  confirms,  for  the  purpose  of  increased  pay,  the  assignments 
to  commands  above  those  pertaining  to  their  respective  grades  of  various  officers  named.  In  most  of 
these  cases  the  assignments  were  by  orders  issued  before  the  exercise  of  the  command,  and  emanating 
from  department  headquarters  or  regimental  headquarters. 

"It  will  be  seen,  from  the  order  inclosed,  that  the  confirmation  by  the  commanding  general  Divi- 
sion of  the  Philippines  (dated  May,  1901)  was  probably  made  on  the  receipt  of  decision  No.  118,  Pay- 
master-General's circular  No.  254,  made  by  your  office  on  February  27, 1901,  overruling  decision  No. 
13,  Paymaster-General's  circular  No.  179,  March  31, 1899.  Attention  is  invited  to  the  fact  that  the 
command,  in  several  instances,  was  exercised  continuously,  beginning  several  months  before  the 
date  of  the  order  cited  (Special  Orders,  No.  118,  Headquarters  Division  of  the  Philippines). 

"I  respectfully  ask  if  Special  Orders,  No.  118,  inclosed,  is,  in  the  view  of  your  office,  a  competent 
order  as  contemplated  m  decision  No.  118,  circular  No.  254,  Paymaster-General's  Office,  and  carries 
with  it  the  pay  of  the  command  exercised,  provided  such  command  was  exercised  for  a  period  not 
less  than  three  months." 

Special  Orders,  No.  118,  issued  May  7, 1901,  at  the  Headquarters  Division  of  the  Philippines,  is  as 
follows: 


APPENDIX.  357 

[Extract.] 

'■  The  assignments  of  the  following-named  officers  to  commands  above  those  pertaining  to  their 
respective  grades  are  confirmed,  for  the  purpose  of  increased  pay  from  the  dates  given." 

Following  the  above  language,  said  order  118  contains  the  number  of  special  orders,  from  what 
headquarters  issued,  names,  rank,  command  exercised,  from  what  date,  of  126  officers. 

This  order  was  issued  by  command  of  Major-General  MacArthur.  Most  of  the  officers  named  in  the 
order  appear  to  have  been  originally  assigned  to  higher  commands  in  orders  issued  from  their  respec- 
tive regimental  headquarters,  and  it  further  appears  that  the  assignments  of  nearly  all  the  officers 
were  subsequent  to  May  26,  1900. 

Section  7,  act  of  April  26,  1898  (30  Stat.,  365),  is  as  follows: 

"That  in  time  of  war  every  officer  serving  with  troops  operating  against  an  enemy  who  shall  exer- 
cise, under  assignment  in  orders  issued  by  competent  authority,  a  command  above  that  pertaining 
to  his  grade,  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  the  pay  and  allowances  of  the  grade  appropriate  to  the 
command  so  exercised:  Provided,  That  a  rate  of  pay  exceeding  that  of  a  brigadier-general  shall  not 
be  paid  in  any  case  by  reason  of  such  assignment."    *    *    * 

The  act  making  appropriation  for  the  support  of  the  Regular  and  Volunteer  Army  for  the  fiscal 
year  1901  (31  Stat.,  211),  approved  May  26,  1900,  contains  the  following  provision: 

"  For  additional  pay  for  increased  rank  when  in  command  by  competent  authority,  fifty  thousand 
dollars:  Provided,  That  no  part  of  this  sum  shall  be  used  for  pay  of  officers  assigned  to  higher  com- 
mand than  their  rank  in  the  Army,  unless  such  service  shall  be  continuous  for  a  period  of  not  less 
than  three  months." 

My  decision  is  requested  as  to  whether  Special  Orders,  No.  118,  in  view  of  the  facts  stated  by  Colonel 
Baird,  is  such  an  order  as  will  give  to  officers  therein  named  the  pay  of  the  grades  pertaining  to  the 
commands  exercised  by  them. 

Confining  myself  solely  to  the  facts  stated  by  Colonel  Baird  and  said  orders,  I  am  of  opinion  that — 

If  a  subordinate  officer  serving  in  the  Philippine  Islands  exercised  a  command  above  that  pertain- 
ing to  his  grade  prior  to  June  30, 1900,  under  assignment  in  orders  issued  by  his  superior  officer  and 
such  order  was  such  that  the  subordinate  officer  was  bound  to  obey  and  such  assignment  in  orders 
was  afterwards  approved  by  the  commanding  general  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  the  subordinate 
officer  so  exercising  such  higher  command  under  such  orders  would  be  entitled  to  the  pay  and 
allowances  of  the  grade  appropriate  to  the  command  so  exercised,  regardless  of  whether  he  exercised 
such  higher  command  for  a  period  of  three  months  or  not. 

If  a  subordinate  officer  serving  in  the  Philippine  Islands  exercised  a  command  above  that  pertain- 
ing to  his  grade  after  June  30, 1900,  under  assignment  in  orders  issued  by  his  superior  officer  and 
such  order  was  such  that  the  subordinate  officer  was  bound  to  obey  and  such  assignment  in  orders 
was  afterwards  approved  by  the  commanding  general  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  the  subordinate 
officer  so  exercising  such  higher  command  under  such  orders  would  be  entitled  by  said  act  of  May 
26  to  the  pay  and  allowances  of  the  grade  appropriate  to  the  command  so  exercised,  providing  such 
officer  exercised  such  higher  command  for  a  continuous  period  of  not  less  than  three  months,  other- 
wise such  officer  would  not  be  entitled  to  such  higher  pay. 

If  a  subordinate  officer  serving  in  the  Philippine  Islands  exercised  a  command  above  that  pertain- 
ing to  his  grade  by  virtue  of  his  being  the  senior  officer  present  on  duty  and  not  under  assignment  in 
orders  issued  by  his  superior  officer  and  which  was  afterwards  approved  by  the  commanding  general 
in  the  field,  he  would  not  be  entitled  for  exercising  such  higher  command  under  such  circumstances 
ito  the  pay  appropriate  to  the  grade  of  the  command  so  exercised. 

Respectfully,  L.  P.  Mitchell, 

•    Assistant  Comptroller. 
{Pars.  1446  and  1448,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  29,  Aug.  28,  1901.] 

*  *  *  *  *  ♦  * 

VII.  A  retired  officer  of  the  Arviy  can  not  receive  pay  as  such  while  drawing  salary  as  chief  clerk  of  the 
Department  of  Agnculture,  section  2,  act  of  March  3,  1885,  sjjecifically  forbidding  payment  out  of  money 
appro2)riatedfor  that  Department  to  any  person  receiving  at  the  same  time  other  compensation  as  an  officer 
or  employee  of  the  Government. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  op  Comptroller  op  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  February  6,  1901. 
F.  L.  EvA>'s,  esq., 

Disbursing  Clerk,  Department  of  Agricrdlure. 
Sir:  I  have  received  your  letter  of  the  31st  ultimo,  as  follows: 

"By  the  act  of  Congress  approved  June  6,  1900  (chap.  788,  first  session  Fifty-sixth  Congress),  the 
President  was  authorized  to  nominate  and,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate,  to 
appoint  Andrew  Geddes  a  captain  of  infantry  in  the  United  States  Army,  and  to  place  him  on  the 


358  APPENDIX. 

retired  list  with  the  rank  of  captain,  etc.  Under  this  authority,  on  the  18th  of  December,  1900,  he  was 
so  nominated  by  the  President;  on  the  7th  day  of  January,  1901,  the  nomination  was  confirmed  by  the 
Senate;  on  the  14th  instant  a  commission  was  issued  to  him  conferring  the  rank  of  captain  from 
December  18,  1900,  which  appointment  was  accepted  on  the  date  of  its  issue;  the  oath  of  office  was 
also  taken  the  same  day.  On  the  26th  instant  the  Secretary  of  War  promulgated  Special  Orders,  No. 
22,  placing  Captain  Geddes  on  the  retired  list,  to  take  effect  on  January  14,  instant. 

"Captain  Geddes  has  been  serving  for  upward  of  three  years  as  chief  clerk  of  the  Department  of 
Agriculture,  under  appointment  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture.  For  this  service  he  has  been  paid 
salary  at  the  rate  of  two  thousand  five  hundred  dollars  ($2,500)  per  annum.  He  has  this  day  applied 
to  me  for  the  amount  of  his  salary  as  chief  clerk  of  this  Department  for  the  current  month  (January, 
1901). 

"  I  shall  esteem  it  a  favor  to  be  advised  by  you  whether  I  may  legally  pay  this  salary  for  the  whole 
or  any  part,  of  the  present  month;  also  whether  he  will  hereafter  be  entitled  to  his  salary  as  chief 
clerk  if,  at  the  same  time,  he  receives  retired  pay  as  an  officer  of  the  Army." 

It  is  assumed  that  the  payment  in  question  has  been  approved  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  and 
hence  that  it  is  one  to  be  made  by  you,  concerning  which  you  are  authorized  by  the  act  of  July  31, 
1894  (28 Stat.,  208),  to  ask  for  and  obtain  a  decision  from  the  Comptroller,  since,  if  the  question  is 
merely  one  of  the  proper  use  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  of  the  appropriations  under  his  control, 
any  request  for  a  decision  thereon  should  be  made  by  him.     (1  Comp.  Dec,  139,  500.) 

Two  acts  are  to  be  considered  in  answering  your  question.  Section  2  of  the  act  of  July  31,  1894  (28 
Stat,  205),  provides: 

"No  person  who  holds  an  office  the  salary  or  annual  compensation  attached  to  which  amounts  to 
the  sum  of  two  thousand  five  hundred  dollars  shall  be  appointed  to  or  hold  any  other  office  to  which 
compensation  is  attached  unless  specially  heretofore  or  hereafter  specially  authorized  thereto  bylaw; 
but  this  shall  not  apply  to  retired  officers  of  the  Army  and  Navy  whenever  they  may  be  elected  to 
public  office,  or  whenever  the  President  shall  appoint  them  to  office  by  and  with  the  advice  and  con- 
sent of  the  Senate." 

'  Mr.  Geddes,  as  chief  clerk  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  holds  an  office  the  annual  compensa- 
tion of  which  amounts  to  $2,500,  and  the  office  to  which  he  was  appointed  under  authority  of  the  act 
of  June  6,  1900  (31  Stat.,  544),  has  a  compensation  attached  thereto.  He  is  therefore  within  the  gen- 
eral terms  of  the  act,  but  is  exempted  by  the  very  terms  of  the  act  from  its  operations,  since  his 
appointment  as  captain  in  the  United  States  Army  upon  the  retired  list  is  specially  authorized  by  law. 
The  exception  in  the  act  as  to  retired  officers  of  the  Army  or  Navy  has  no  bearing  upon  his  case, 
since,  while  he  is  now  a  retired  officer  of  the  Army,  his  office  as  chief  clerk  of  the  Department  of 
Agriculture  is  not  a  public  office  to  which  he  was  elected,  or  to  which  he  was  appointed  by  the  Presi- 
dent by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate. 

Section  2  of  the  act  of  March  3,  1885  (23  Stat.,  356),  contains  the  following  provision: 

"That  no  part  of  the  money  herein  or  hereafter  appropriated  for  the  Department  of  Agriculture 
shall  be  paid  to  any  person,  as  additional  salary  or  compensation,  receiving  at  the  same  time  other 
compensation  as  an  officer  or  employee  of  the  Government." 

This  act  forbids  any  person  who  receives  compensation  as  an  officer  or  employee  of  the  Govern- 
ment from  receiving  any  additional  salary  or  compensation  from  any  appropriation  made  for  the 
Department  of  Agriculture.  Its  effect  is  positively  to  forbid  anything  like  dualism  or  pluralism  of 
offices  or  employments,  except  without  compensation,  so  far  as  appropriations  for  the  Department  of 
Agriculture  are  concerned,  either  within  the  Department  of  Agriculture  or  in  that  Department  and 
any  other  branch  of  the  Government.     (Bowler's,  1  Comp.  Dec,  29.) 

I  am  of  the  opinion  that  this  act  forbids  payment  of  the  sum  appropriated  for  the  salary  of  the 
chief  clerk  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  to  a  person  receiving  at  the  same  time  compensation 
as  a  retired  officer  of  the  Army. 

To  recapitulate:  The  act  of  July  31, 1894,  supra,  when  read  in  connection  with  that  of  June  6, 1900, 
supra,  does  not  forbid  the  appointment  of  Mr,  Geddes  as  a  retired  officer  of  the  Army,  and  hence,  in 
the  absence  of  any  contrary  provision  of  law,  does  not  make  the  payment  of  his  salary  in  both  places 
illegal;  but  neither  act  contains  any  repeal,  express  or  implied,  of  the  provision  of  the  act  of  March 
3,  1885,  supra,  which  forbids  any  payment  to  him  from  the  appropriations  of  the  Department  of  Agri- 
culture if  he  receives  at  the  same  time  any  compensation  otherwise  as  an  officer  of  the  Government. 
Congress  must  be  presumed  to  have  authorized  the  appointment  with  a  full  knowledge  of  the  restric- 
tion contained  in  the  act  of  March  3,  1885,  and  since  this  restriction  is  not  removed  in  the  act  of  June 
6,  1900,  and  since  a  full  meaning  can  be  given  to  that  act  by  the  appointment  of  Mr.  Geddes,  it 
must  be  held  that  for  any  time  during  which  Mr.  Geddes  receives  any  compensation  as  an  officer  of 
the  Army  on  the  retired  list  he  can  not  be  paid  any  additional  compensation  from  an  appropriation 
of  the  Department  of  Agriculture.  There  is  nothing  in  the  law,  however,  which  forbids  his  holding 
the  two  offices  or  from  receiving  compensation  as  chief  clerk  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  pro- 
vided he  receives  no  compensation  as  a  retired  officer  of  the  Army. 

It  may  be  contended  that  giving  to  the  words  "  as  additional  salary  or  compensation,'  as  found  in 
the  act  of  March  3,  1885,  supra,  the  meaning  intended  by  Congress  would  limit  the  withholding  of 
compensation  from  appropriations  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  to  such  persons  as  did  not  nold 
two  distinct  offices  or  employments  with  salaries  or  compensation  fixed  by  law  or  regulation,  as  was 


APPENDIX.  359 

held  in  the  case  of  United  States  v.  Saunders  (120  U.  S.,  126,  129),  in  construing  the  provisions  of  sec- 
tion 1765,  Revised  Statutes.  While  I  think  that  the  construction  therein  given  to  section  1765  was 
eminently  right  and  proper,  when  considering  its  language,  the  same  construction  applied  to  the  act 
of  March  3, 18X5,  would  be  narrow  and  would  take  the  very  life  out  of  the  act.  At  least  I  feel  inclined 
to  resolve  the  doubt,  if  there  can  be  said  to  be  a  doubt,  in  favor  of  the  construction  I  have  given.  If 
I  am  wrong,  Mr.  Geddescan  be  righted  in  the  courts.  Should  I  take  the  opposite  view,  my  decision 
would  bind  the  Government  to  the  payment  of  these  dual  salaries  in  at  least  apparent  conflict  with 
the  plain  meaning  of  this  law,  and  that  without  redress  in  the  courts. 

Before  paying  Mr.  Geddes  his  salary  as  Chief  Clerk  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  for  any  period 
you  should  require  him  to  file  in  consideration  of  such  payment  a  renunciation  of  any  claim  to  com- 
pensation for  the  same  period  in  the  other  office  held  by  him,  except,  of  course,  as  may  be  granted 
by  the  courts.  _ 

Respectfully,  R.  J.  Trace  well,  Complrollcr. 

{Par.  1458,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  29,  Aug.  28,  1901.] 
*  *  *  *  *  *  « 

A  retired  officer  detailed  on  college  duty  under  the  act  of  November  3,  189S,  entitled  to  fidl  pay  from  date  of 
receipt  of  notice  of  order  detailing  him. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  Jidy  25,  1901. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  War: 

Sir:  I  am  in  receipt  of  your  communication  of  the  8th  instant  requesting  that  your  Department  be 
advised  whether  a  retired  oflfieei*  of  the  Army,  detailed  on  college  duty,  is  entitled  to  active-duty  pay 
from  the  date  of  the  receipt  of  the  order,  or  from  the  date  that  he  reports  for  such  duty. 

It  appears  from  the  correspondence  which  accompanies  your  request  that  Capt.  George  K.  Spencer, 
U.  S.  Army,  retired,  was  (upon  his  application  dated  September  29, 1900)  detailed  by  paragraph  13, 
Special  Orders,  No.  231,  Adjutant-General's  Office,  October  2,  1900,  as  professor  of  military  science  and 
tactics  at  the  University  of  Arkansas,  under  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  Congress  approved  November 
3, 1893.  He  reported  in  person  for  duty  at  the  university  October  11, 1900,  from  which  date  he  has 
received  the  active-duty  pay  of  his  rank.  Captain  Spencer  applied  for  active-duty  pay  from  the  date 
the  order  detailing  him  was  promulgated,  claiming  that  that  was  the  date  from  which  he  was  entitled 
to  receive  such  pay. 

The  question  presented  is  one  of  construction  and  is,  from  what  date  is  Captain  Spencer  entitled  to 
receive  the  full  pay  of  his  rank?  His  application  was  dated  September  29,  1900.  He  was  detailed  by 
Special  Orders  dated  October  2,  1900.  He  reported  at  the  university  for  duty  October  11, 1900.  In 
indorsement  dated  May  28, 1901,  the  Paymaster-General  United  States  Army,  says: 

"It  is  the  rule  in  making  the  first  payment  to  retired  officers  detailed  on  college  duty  to  allow 
active  pay  only  from  the  date  of  their  reporting  at  the  college  for  said  duty  and  to  the  date  of  their 
receipt  of  the  order  relieving  them  from  such  duty." 

In  indorsement  dated  June  28, 1901,  the  Judge- Advocate-General  of  the  Army  says: 

"This  officer  was  detailed,  on  his  prior  request,  on  October  2, 1900,  and  it  would  seem  that  he  is 
entitled  to  '  active  pay '  from  that  date  or  at  least  from  the  date  of  notice  of  such  detail.  In  a  military 
sense  the  word  'detail'  means  'the  selection  of  an  individual  *  *  *  for  a  particular  service' 
(Century  Dictionary),  and  it  is  thought  that  this  officer  was  'detailed'  within  the  meaning  of  the 
statute  from  the  time  he  had  notice  of  the  detail,  his  application  for  the  detail  being  regarded  as  an 
acceptance  of  it.  From  such  notice  it  was  his  duty  to  take  steps  to  enter  upon  the  duties  for  which 
he  was  detailed,  and  he  may  be  regarded,  therefore,  as  on  duty  for  this  purpose." 

If  Congress  had  intended  that  an  officer  detailed  under  the  provisions  of  the  above  act  should  not 
receive  the  full  pay  of  his  rank  "  when  so  detailed "  until  he  had  reported  to  the  "educational  insti- 
tution" and  entered  upon  duty, it  would  have  no  doubt  so  said,  but  the  language  of  the  act  is  "and 
when  so  detailed  shall  receive  the  full  pay  of  their  rank." 

I  am  of  opinion  that  whenever  an  officer  is  detailed  by  an  order  issued  by  proper  authority  and 
receives  notice  of  such  order  the  detail  under  the  above  act  is  complete,  becomes  an  accomplished 
fact,  and  he  is  entitled  to  be  paid  the  full  pay  of  his  rank  from  the  date  he  receives  such  notice.  This 
is  the  natural  and  reasonable  construction  to  place  upon  said  act. 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  an  officer  "  when  so  detailed  "  may  be  engaged  in  his  educational  work  before 
as  well  as  after  he  reports  for  duty  to  the  institution  to  which  he  is  detailed. 

Respectfully,  L.  P.  Mitchell, 

Aamtant  Comptroller. 
{Par.  1458,  A.  R.) 
^  *****  * 


360  APPENDIX. 

[Cir.  40,  Oct.  28,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comp- 
troller of  the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of 
all  concerned: 

1.  An  additional  paymaster  appointed  during  the  war  with  Spain  was  not  appointed  under  the  act  of  April 
22, 1898,  and  amendments  authorizing  the  Volunteer  Army  for  the  war  with  Spain,  but  he  was  appointed 
under  section  118/,,  Mevised  Statutes,  and  under  section  1183,  Revised  Statutes,  was' entitled  to  his  discharge 
when  his  services  were  no  longer  required  {not  as  a  matter  of  right  because  of  the  close  of  the  war  with 
Spain),  and  is  entitled  to  pay  as  such  to  the  date  he  received  notice  or  was  legally  chargeable  with  notice  of 
his  discharge  as  such.  2.  A  volunteer  officer  discharged  by  reason  of  the  acceptance  of  a  commission  in  the 
Regular  Army  is  not  entitled  to  traveling  allowances  on  such  discharge.  3.  On  accepting  a  commission  in 
the  Regular  Army,  service  being  continuous,  he  is  not  entitled  to  extra  pay. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  September  21,  1901. 

The  Auditor  for  the  War  Department  has  submitted  the  following  decision  for  approval,  disap- 
proval, or  modification: 

"In  the  examination  of  the  claim  of  Timothy  D.  Keleher,  major  and  additional  paymaster  of  the 
Army,  the  question  arises  as  to  the  officer's  right  to  pay  as  a  major  of  volunteers  after  acceptance  of 
commission  as  captain  and  paymaster,  United  States  Army,  and  his  right  to  travel  allowances  under 
act  of  March  2, 1901  (31  Stat.,  902),  and  to  two  months'  extra  pay  under  act  of  May  26, 1900  (31  Stat., 
217). 

"  This  officer  was  appointed  an  additional  paymaster  of  the  Army  with  the  rank  of  major  under 
section  1184,  U.  S.  Revised  Statutes.  He  accepted  the  appointment  May  28, 1898;  was  appointed  cap 
tain  and  paymaster,  United  States  Army,  April  16, 1901,  under  the  act  of  February  2, 1901;  accepted 
that  appointment  May  4, 1901,  and  is  still  in  the  service.  By  Special  Orders,  No.  110,  Adjutant-Gen 
eral's  Office,  dated  May  11, 1901,  he  was  by  direction  of  the  President  discharged  'as  major,  addi- 
tional paymaster.  United  States  Volunteers,  only,  to  take  effect  May  11, 1901,'  The  order  of  discharge 
appears  to  have  been  received  by  him  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  or  about  May  20, 1901." 

"The  officer  appears  to  have  remained  on  duty  as  major  and  additional  paymaster,  and  under 
bond  as  such  at  least  to  May  19, 1901.  He  executed  bond  as  captain  and  paymaster,  United  States 
Army,  May  20,  1901,  which  bond  was  approved  June  1, 1901.  He  was  paid  as  major  to  May  19,  1901, 
and  as  a  captain  thereafter." 

"  Section  1184,  Revised  Statutes,  is  as  follows: 

"  '  When  volunteers  or  militia  are  called  into  the  service  of  the  United  States,  and  the  officers  of 
the  Paymaster's  Department  are  not  deemed  by  the  President  sufficient  for  the  punctual  payment  of 
the  troops,  he  may  appoint,  by  and  with  the  advice  of  the  Senate,  and  add  to  said  corps  as  many 
paymasters,  to  be  called  additional  paymasters,  with  the  rank  of  major,  not  exceeding  one  for  every 
two  regiments  of  volunteers  or  militia,  as  he  may  deem  necessary.' 

"  Section  1185,  Revised  Statutes,  is  as  follows: 

"  'Additional  paymasters  shall  be  retained  in  service  only  so  long  as  they  may  be  required  for  the 
payment  of  volunteers  and  militia,  as  provided  herein.' 

"Major  Keleher  was  not  appointed  under  act  of  April  22, 1898,  and  amendments  authorizing  the 
Volunteer  Army  for  the  war  with  Spain,  but  under  section  1184,  Revised  Statutes,  and  under  section 
1186,  Revised  Statutes,  he  was  entitled  to  his  discharge  when  his  services  were  no  longer  required. 

"  The  act  of  May  22, 1898  (30  Stat.,  421),  provides: 

"  'That  officers  of  the  Regular  Army  receiving  commissions  in  regiments  of  engineers,  or  any  other 
commissions  in  the  Volunteer  Army,  shall  not  be  held  to  vacate  their  offices  in  the  Regular  Army  by 
accepting  the  same,  but  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  only  the  pay  and  allowances  of  such  volunteer 
rank  while  serving  as  such.' 

"  While  this  act  makes  no  provision  for  volunteers  who  accepted  commissions  in  the  Regular  Army, 
the  principle  seems  to  be  recognized  therein  that  an  officer  may  hold  a  commission  in  the  Regular 
Army  at  the  same  time  he  holds  a  commission  of  a  higher  grade  in  the  Volunteer  Army. 

"  Similar  questions  to  those  involved  in  this  case  were  fully  discussed  in  a  decision  of  the  Comp- 
troller's Office  dated  March  13, 1900  (unpublished),  in  the  case  of  David  M.  Sells,  lieutenant-colonel, 
One  hundred  and  seventh  United  States  Colored  Troops.  In  the  decision  the  Assistant  Comptroller 
said: 

"  '  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  principle  to  be  applied  in  determining  the  pay  and  allowances  to 
which  an  officer  is  entitled  while  serving  under  a  prior  commission  in  the  volunteers  after  having 
accepted  a  commission  in  the  Regular  Army  must  be  the  same  whether  the  commission  so  accepted 
is  the  first  commission  in  the  Regular  Army  or  a  commission  on  promotion  from  one  grade  to  another, 
and  that  the  right  to  such  pay  does  not  depend  upon  section  4,  act  of  June  3,  1884  (23  Stat.,  35),  but 
continues  as  long  as  the  necessity  for  employment  of  volunteer  organizations  existed. 

"  'I  therefore  accept  the  opinion  of  Second  Comptroller  Upton  (Digest  Second  Comp.  Dec,  vol.  2, 


APPENDIX.  361 

sec.  759),  supra,  as  correct,  and  liold  that  David  M.  Sells  was  entitled  to  pay  and  allowances  as 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  One  hundred  and  seventh  United  States  Volunteer  Infantry  to  December 
3, 1866,  when  he  was  relieved  from  duty  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  said  regiment,  notwithstanding  his 
acceptance  of  a  commission  as  a  captain  in  the  Regular  Army  on  October  8,  1866.' 

"In  view  of  the  foregoing,  lam  of  the  opinion  that  Major  Keleher  is  entitled  to  pay  and  allow- 
ances as  a  major  and  additional  paymaster  of  the  Army  to  the  date  he  received  notice  or  was  legally 
chargeable  with  notice  of  his  discharge  as  such. 

"  In  the  same  decision,  in  discussing  the  officer's  right  to  traveling  allowances  on  discharge  as  a 
volunteer  only,  the  Assistant  Comptroller  said: 

"  'So  far  as  his  right  to  traveling  allowances  on  said  discharge  is  concerned,  it  is  immaterial 
whether  he  is  regarded  as  having  vacated  his  commission  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  One  hundred 
and  seventh  United  States  Colored  Infantry  on  the  instant  of  accepting  his  commission  as  captain 
in  the  Regular  Army,  or  whether  he  is  to  be  regarded  as  an  officer  of  the  Regular  Army  holding  and 
serving  under  a  higher  commission  of  the  volunteers  from  the  date  of  such  acceptance  to  the  date  of 
muster  out  of  the  volunteer  service. 

"  '  In  either  case  his  discharge  from  the  volunteer  service  was  not  a  final  discharge,  but  a  discharge 
by  way  of  transfer  from  one  branch  of  the  military  service  to  another:  he  was  therefore  not  entitled 
to  the  traveling  allowances  $118.75  paid  to  him  on  said  discharge,  and  the  said  amount  is  a  proper 
charge  against  any  pay  or  allowances  due  him  from  the  United  States." 

"  In  view  of  this  opinion  I  decide  that  under  act  of  March  2, 1901,  a  major  and  additional  paymas- 
ter of  the  volunteers,  discharged  as  such  by  reason  of  acceptance  of  a  commission  in  the  Regular 
Army,  is  not  entitled  to  traveling  allowances  on  such  discharge.    *    *    * 

"In  decision  of  February  22,  1899  (5  Comp.  Dec,  529),  in  discussing  an  officer's  right  to  extra  pay 
under  act  of  January  12,  1899,  the  Assistant  Comptroller  quoted  the  following  extracts  from  the  deci- 
sion of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  in  the  case  of  Lewis  Merrill  (9  Wallace,  614): 

"  '  His  theory  of  the  law  is  that  it  bestowed  a  gratuity  upon  officers  of  volunteers,  and  that  it  makes 
no  difference  that  he  found  himself  immediately  transferred  to  another  branch  of  the  military  service 
by  virtue  of  a  commission  in  the  Regular  Army,  which  he  held  before  he  was  commissioned  as  a  col- 
onel of  volunteers  and  throughout  the  entire  period  of  that  service;  but  it  is  not  possible  to  concur  in 
that  proposition,  as  it  seems  much  more  reasonable  to  suppose  that  the  object  which  Congress  had  in 
view  was  to  provide  for  the  loss  to  which  the  volunteer  officers,  when  discharged  from  the  military 
service,  were  exposed  for  want  of  employment  before  they  would  be  able  to  resume,  to  any  consid- 
erable extent,  their  accustomed  avocations  in  civil  life.'    *    *    * 

"  'The  word  service  as  used  in  that  act  means  beyond  question  the  military  service  of  the  United 
States,  and  it  is  equally  clear  that  no  such  officer  is  entitled  to  that  allowance  unless  it  is  shown  that 
he  was  mustered  out  of  the  military  service  of  the  United  States,  or  was  otherwise  honorably  dis- 
charged from  that  service  subsequent  to  the  time  specified  in  the  amendatory  act.    *    *    * 

"  'None  of  the  reasons  which  induced  Congress  to  make  the  provision  under  consideration  exist  in 
the  case  of  the  appellee,  as  he  has  never  been  out  of  public  employment  for  a  moment  since  he 
accepted  his  commission  in  the  Regular  Army,  and  has  no  occasion  to  desire  to  reengage  in  business 
pursuits.' 

"In  commenting  on  the  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court  the  Assistant  Comptroller  said: 

"  ' The  court  held  that  the  phrase  "mustered  outof  said  service "  in  the  act  of  March  3, 1865.  "means 
unquestionably  that  he  was  mustered  out  of  the  military  service  of  the  United  States."    *    *    * 

"  'The  reasoning  and  conclusion  of  the  Supreme  Court  as  to  the  purpose  of  the  acts  of  March  3, 1865, 
and  July  13, 1866,  supra,  and  the  meaning  of  the  word  "service"  and  the  phrase  "  mustered  out  of  the 
service"  in  said  acts  apply  with  equal  force  to  the  act  of  January  12, 1899,  now  under  consideration, 
and  the  phrase  "mustered  out  of  the  service"  as  used  in  said  act. 

"  '  I  am  therefore  of  the  opinion  and  hold  that  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  Regular  Army  hold- 
ing commissions  in  the  Volunteer  Army,  who,  on  muster  out  and  discharge  from  service  in  volunteer 
organizations,  return  to  duty,  rank,  and  pay  in  the  Regular  Army  are  not  entitled  to  the  extra  pay 
provided  by  the  act  of  January  12, 1899,  as  they  are  not  discharged  from  the  military  service  of  the 
United  States.' 

"In  view  of  the  foregoing  I  am  of  the  opinion  and  so  decide  that  additional  paymasters  with  the 
rank  of  major,  discharged  as  such  by  reason  of  acceptance  of  commissions  in  the  Regular  Army,  are 
not  entitled  to  extra  pay  under  the  act  of  May  26,  1900." 

In  decision  of  March  16, 1901,  in  case  of  Capt.  Frederick  T.  Leigh,  Thirty-second  Company,  United 
States  Volunteer  Signal  Corps,  extra  pay  and  travel  pay  were  allowed  to  that  officer  on  his  discharge 
to  enable  him  to  accept  a  commission  as  a  volunteer  officer  under  the  act  of  March  2, 1899.  The  reason 
for  making  this  allowance  was  stated  as  follows: 

"  He  was  entitled  to  his  discharge  as  a  matter  of  right  on  account  of  the  close  of  the  war  with  Spain 
at  the  time  it  was  granted,  and  he  is,  therefore,  entitled  to  extra  pay  and  traveling  allowances  not- 
withstanding the  fact  that  his  discharge  appears  to  have  been  granted  to  enable  him  to  accept  a 
commission  as  a  volunteer  officer  under  the  act  of  March  2,  1899.  Having  accepted  a  commission 
under  the  act  of  May  18,  1898  (30  Stat.,  417),  which  provided  for  service  during  the  existing  war,  he 
is  considered  as  having  accepted  his  commission  for  the  war  only  and  was  entitled  to  his  discharge 
at  the  close  thereof." 


362  APPENDIX.       . 

The  present  case  differs  from  that  of  Leigh  in  that,  as  stated  by  the  Auditor,  Major  Keleher's 
appointment  as  additional  paymaster  was  not  under  any  of  the  aets  authorizing  the  Volunteer  Army 
for  the  war  with  Spain,  but  under  section  1184,  Revised  Statutes.  He  was  not,  therefore,  entitled  to 
his  discharge  as  a  matter  of  right  at  the  close  of  the  war  and  the  decision  in  the  case  of  Leigh  is  not 
applicable  to  him.  His  case  is  similar  to  that  of  Sells,  cited  by  the  Auditor,  and  the  principles  laid 
down  in  that  case  should  be  applied. 
The  decision  of  the  Auditor  is  approved. 

L.  P.  Mitchell, 

Assistant  Comptroller. 
{Par.  U72,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  44,  Dec.  6,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  con- 
cerned : 

The  right  to  travel  pay  on  discharge  does  not  depend  upon  the  performance  of  any  journey.  If  for  any 
reason  the  shortest  route,  which  is  ordinarily  the  direct  route,  Is  closed  or  is  impracticable  for  the  time 
being,  some  longer  roide  tvhich  is  available  becomes,  in  contemplation  of  law  and  regulations,  the  shortest 
usually  traveled  route  so  long  as  the  impediment  continues. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  November  SO,  1901. 

Henry  S.  Bradley  appealed,  October  17, 1901,  from  the  action  of  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Depart- 
ment in  settlement  No.  351877,  dated  January  14,  1901. 

He  claimed  traveling  allowances  on  his  discharge  of  August  31,  1898,  from  Guayama,  P.  R.,  to 
Fort  Brown,  Tex.- (Brownsville),  via  Fort  Monroe,  instead  of  via  Key  West,  Fla.,  and  Galveston, 
Tex.,  by  which  route  his  traveling  allowances  were  paid  him  as  sergeant  of  the  Signal  Corps,  United 
States  Army. 

The  Auditor  disallowed  his  claim,  as  follows: 

"  Travel  allowances  paid  in  full  on  said  discharge.  Not  having  performed  journey  during  quaran- 
tine, travel  allowances  only  due  by  direct  route." 

In  his  appeal  the  claimant  insists  that  the  route  via  Key  West  and  Galveston  was  impossible  at  the 
iime  by  reason  of  all  Florida  ports  being  in  close  quarantine. 

The  War  Department  reports  soldier  reenlisted  September  1,  1893,  at  Fort  Brown,  Tex.,  and  dis- 
charged August  31,  1898,  by  expiration  of  term  of  service,  a  sergeant.  . 

On  his  discharge  he  was  paid  travel  pay  and  subsistence  by  Paymaster  Rogers  from  Guayama, 
P.  R.,  to  Fort  Brown,  Tex.,  a  distance  of  2,309  miles,  amounting  to  $175.57  for  travel  pay  and  $34.50 
for  travel  subsistence;  total,  $210.07.    This  was  via  Key  West  and  Galveston,  the  direct  route. 

The  claimant  did  not  make  the  journey  back  to  the  place  of  last  enlistment  as  a  discharged  soldier. 
The  military  records  show  that  he  reenlisted  September  1, 1898,  and  was  on  furlough  from  that  date 
to  November  1,  1898. 

As  he  was  discharged  August  31, 1898,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service,  and  was  not  fur- 
nished transportation  or  subsistence  in  kind,  on  said  discharge  he  was  entitled  to  traveling  allow- 
ances by  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route  from  Guayama,  P.  R.,  to  Fort  Brown,  Tex. 

As  to  what  constituted  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route  between  said  places  at  the  time  of  the 
soldier's  discharge,  the  Acting  Paymaster-General,  United  States  Army,  reported  October  25, 1901,  as 
follows: 

"The  shortest  usually  traveled  route  from  Guayama  to  Fort  Brown,  Tex.,  in  August  and  Septem- 
ber, 1898,  and  at  the  present  time  is  via  San  Juan,  P.  R.,  and  New  York  City— distances,  Guayama, 
P.  R.,  to  San  Juan,  P.  R.,  55  miles;  San  Juan,  P.  R.,  to  New  York  City,  1,559  miles;  New  Y'^ork  City  to 
Fort  Brown,  Tex.,  2,091  miles;  total  3,705  miles." 

The  topographer  of  the  Post-Office  Department  reported  October  23,  1901,  that  the  shortest  mail 
route  between  the  said  places  in  August  and  September,  1898,  was  practically  the  same  as  that 
reported  by  the  Paymaster-General. 

It  appears  from  a  communication  under  date  of  June  4,  1901,  addressed  to  the  soldier  by  direction 
of  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Marine-Hospital  Service,  that  the  Florida  ports  maintained  a  close 
quarantine  against  Cuban  and  other  ports  infected  with  yellow  fever  from  April  1  to  December  1, 
1898,  and  that  inspection  of  passengers  and  baggage  was  continued  during  the  entire  year. 

This  communication  was  based  upon  a  report  made  by  the  State  health  officer  of  Florida. 

Section  1290,  Revised  Statutes,  which  was  in  force  at  the  time  of  the  soldier's  discharge,  provides: 

"When  a  soldier  is  discharged  from  the  service,  except  by  way  of  punishment  lor  an  offense,  he 
shall  be  allowed  transportation  and  subsistence  from  the  place  of  his  discharge  to  the  place  of  his 
enlistment,  enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service.    The  Government  may  turnish  the  same 


APPENDIX.  363 

in  kind,  but  in  case  it  shall  not  do  so  he  shall  be  allowed  travel  pay  and  commutation  of  subsistence 
for  such  time  as  may  be  sufficient  for  him  to  travel  from  the  place  of  discharge  to  the  place  of  his 
enlistment,  enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service,  computed  at  the  rate  of  one  day  for  every 
twenty  miles." 

It  will  be  observed  that  the  law  contains  no  reference  to  the  "shortest  usually  traveled  route," 
but,  under  a  long-established  practice,  this  phrase  has  been  taken  into  consideration  in  the  determi- 
nation of  distances  for  purposes  of  travel  allowances  and  in  the  computation  and  payment  thereof 
by  paymasters  and  the  accounting  officers. 

Custom  and  practice  have  read  the  term  into  the  law,  as  it  were,  so  that  computation  of  traveling 
allowances  by  paymasters  and  the  accounting  officers,  as  stated  above,  has  been  made  according  to 
the  distances  by  the  shortest  usually  traveled  routes. 

Paragraph  1385  of  the  Army  Regulations,  1895,  provides  that  travel  should  be  computed  by  taking 
the  distance  by  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route.  The  term  has  been  generally  employed  in  the 
laws  relating  to  mileage. 

As  to  what  constitutes  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route,  between  any  two  given  places,  over 
which  a  discharged  soldier,  who  is  not  furnished  with  transportation  and  subsistence  in  kind,  is 
entitled  to  have  his  traveling  allowances  commuted,  may  not  be  always  easy  of  determination,  but 
in  a  general  way,  it  seems  to  me  that  it  is  the  route  over  which  a  soldier  would  have  been  compelled 
to  travel,  if  he  had  actually  made  the  journey  from  place  of  discharge  to  place  of  entry  into  service; 
at  the  time  the  Government  elected,  or  should  have  elected,  whether  it  would  furnish  him  trans- 
portation and  subsistence  in  kind,  or  commute  the  same;  which  in  this  case,  inasmuch  as  he  reenlisted 
the  following  day,  is  the  day  of  his  discharge. 

The  route  which  was  open,  practicable,  and  available,  and  traveled  by  the  general  public  at  that 
time  is  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route  over  which  this  soldier  is  entitled  to  have  his  traveling 
allowances  computed,  regardless  of  the  fact  that  he  did  not  actiially  make  the  journey. 

It  is  well  settled  that  the  right  to  travel  pay  on  discharge  does  not  depend  upon  the  performance 
of  any  journey.  If,  for  any  reason,  the  shortest  route,  which  is  ordinarily  the  direct  route,  is  closed 
or  is  impracticable  for  the  time  being,  some  longer  route  which  is  available  becomes,  in  contempla- 
tion of  law  and  regulations,  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route  so  long  as  the  impediment  continues. 

Any  ruling,  decision,  or  practice  heretofore  made  or  existing  which  is  in  conflict  with  the  views 
herein  expressed  is  hereby  overruled,  and  hereafter  cases  of  a  like  character  to  this  will  be  settled  in 
accordance  with  the  principle  of  this  decision. 

It  appearing  that  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route  in  this  case  from  place  of  discharge  to  place  of 
last  enlistment  was  via  New  York,  and  that  the  claimant  was  not  furnished  transportation  and  sub- 
sistence in  kind  on  discharge  for  any  part  of  the  distance,  he  will  be  paid  traveling  allowances  for 
the  correct  distance  less  what  he  has  already  received. 

Upon  a  revision  of  the  above-described  account,  I  find  and  certify  a  difference  of  $128.20  due  to  the 
claimant  from  the  United  States,  being  $338.27  travel  pay  and  commutation  of  subsistence  from 
Guayama,  Porto  Rico,  to  Fort  Brown,  Tex.,  via  San  Juan  and  New  York,  less  $210.07  travel  pay  and 
subsistence  paid  by  paymaster. 

Appropriation:  "Pay,  etc.,  of  the  Army  1899  and  prior  years."  To  be  reported  to  Congress.  To  be 
paid  to  Henry  S.  Bradley,  1st  class  sergeant.  Company  F,  Signal  Corps,  Manila,  Philippine  Islands, 
when  an  appropriation  shall  have  been  made. 

K.  J.  Tkacewell, 

Comptroller. 
{Pars.  1569  and  1662,  A.  R.) 


[G.O.,83,Junel7,  1901.] 


By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  paragraph  5,  General  Orders,  No.  96,  May  19, 
1899,  from  this  office,  as  amended  by  General  Orders,  No.  26,  March  6,  1900,  is  fur- 
ther amended  to  read  as  follows: 

5.  An  enlisted  man  a  resident  of  the  United  States  serving  in  the  islands  men- 
tioned in  paragraph  4  hereof,  or  in  Alaska,  who  is  discharged  the  service  in  those 
islands,  or  in  Alaska,  by  transfer  to  another  branch  of  the  service;  or  on  his  own 
application,  whether  by  way  of  favor  or  by  purchase;  or  because  of  confinement  by 
the  civil  authorities;  or  by  way  of  punishment  for  an  offense  or  for  disability  caused 
by  his  ow^n  misconduct,  or  on  account  of  fraudulent  enlistment  is  by  the  operation 
of  section  1290,  Revised  Statutes,  and  the  act  of  March  16,  1896  (29  Stat.  Large,  63), 
prevented  from  being  allowed  the  usual  traveling  allowances  to  the  place  of  his 
enlistment,  enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service,  but  he  will  be  brought 


364  APPENDIX. 

by  the  Government  to  the  United  States  on  a  transport  free  of  charge:  Provided^ 
That  an  enUsted  man  discharged  because  of  confinement  by  civil  authorities,  or  by 
way  of  punishment  for  an  offense,  or  for  disabiUty  caused  by  his  own  misconduct 
shall  be  required  to  leave  the  islands  or  Alaska  by  the  first  transport  departing  for 
the  United  States  or  forfeit  the  privilege  of  being  sent  to  the  United  States  at  the 
expense  of  the  Government. 
{Pars.  1421  and  1562,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  63,  May  3,  1901.] 
*  *  -se-  *  *  *  * 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

The  act  of  Congress  approved  February  2,  1901,  authorizing  the  appointment  of 
''contract  surgeons,"  and  that  term  being  also  employed  in  the  act  making  appro- 
priations for  the  support  of  the  Army  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1902,  the 
term  "acting  assistant  surgeon "  as  applied  to  physicians  employed  under  contract 
with  the  Surgeon-General  will  be  discontinued,  and  the  designation  "contract  sur- 
geon, U.  S.  Army,"  will  be  used  in  all  orders  and  official  correspondence,  and  contract 
surgeons  will  use  that  term  in  affixing  all  official  signatures. 

{Par.  1574,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  26,  Mar.  15,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  rules  and  regulations  regard- 
ing the  official  relations  of  the  contract  dental  surgeons  authorized  by  the  act  of 
Congress  approved  February  2, 1901,  as  published  in  General  Orders,  No.  9,  February 
6,  1901,  from  this  office,  and  their  enlisted  assistants,  to  the  medical  department  at 
military  posts  where  dental  surgeons  may  be  serving,  are  published  to  the  Army  for 
the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

1.  Contract  dental  surgeons  have  no  official  relation  to  the  surgeon  of  the  post, 
neither  have  their  enlisted  assistants  detailed  under  the  provisions  of  paragraph  1581 
of  the  Regulations,  except  that  they  may  occasionally  be  attached  to  the  hospital 
corps  detachment  for  rations  and  quarters. 

2.  Contract  dental  surgeons  and  their  enlisted  assistants  will  be  mustered  on  a 
muster  roll  which  the  contract  dental  surgeon  will  sign. 

3.  Should  it  for  any  reason  be  necessary  to  recommend  the  excuse  from  duty  of 
an  officer  or  enlisted  man  on  account  of  dental  disease,  the  contract  dental  surgeon 
will  report  the  case  to  the  surgeon  of  the  post,  who  will  take  it  up  on  his  register  of 
sick  and  wounded;  but  in  other  cases  no  report  of  dental  operations  will  be  made 
except  by  the  contract  dental  surgeon. 

{Par.  1581,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  14,  Feb.  10,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  section  (a) ,  paragraph  4,  General  Orders, 
No.  113,  August  22,  1901,  from  this  office,  is  amended  to  read  as  follows: 
4*  *  *  *  *  *^ 

(a)  Nurses  may  be  discharged  from  the  service  (1)  at  any  time  when  their  services 
are  no  longer  needed,  (2)  at  their  own  request,  supported  by  good  and  sufficient 
reasons,  provided  their  services  have  been  faithful  and  meritorious,  (3)  on  account 
of  illness,  and  (4)  for  misconduct.  Recommendation  for  the  discharge  of  a  nurse  on 
account  of  misconduct  will  be  submitted  to  the  Surgeon-General  with  a  report  of  the 
facts  after  a  careful  investigation,  of  which  she  shall  have  due  notice  and  at  which 


APPENDIX.  365 

she  shall  have  a  fair  opportunity  to  be  heard  in  her  own  defense,  and  when  so  dis- 
charged the  indorsement  on  the  appointment  indicating  discharge,  as  provided  in 
paragraph  4  (c)  of  this  order,  will  state  ''for  misconduct"  and  the  word  ** honor- 
ably" will  be  omitted. 

*  v;-  *  *  *  *  « 

{Pars.  1378  and  1661,  A .  R. ) 


[G.  O.  68,  May  14,  1901.] 

******* 
Owing  to  a  misapprehension  of  the  technical  meaning  of  the  words  "disinfection  " 
and  "■  sanitation,"  and  to  the  fact  that  quicklime  is  more  frequently  used  to  prevent 
infection  than  to  destroy  it,  the  Secretary  of  War  directs  that  in  future  quicklime 
shall  as  a  rule  be  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  for  all  purposes  and 
only  in  exceptionally  urgent  circumstances  by  the  Medical  Department,  when  it  will 
be  used  solely  for  disinfection  under  the  immediate  supervision  of  medical  officers. 
{Par.  1668,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  65,  May  11,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  rules  and  regulations  for  the 
inspection  of  batteries  or  emplacements  turned  over  to  the  artillery,  under  paragraph 
1486  of  the  Regulations  (par.  1692,  A.  R.,  edition  1901),  and  of  guns,  gun  carriages, 
breechblocks,  or  any  appliances  pertaining  thereto;  of  mining  casemates  or  any  sub- 
marine mining  appliances;  of  instruments  of  precision  of  all  kinds  pertaining  to  the 
armament,  together  with  all  electrical  apparatus  which  may  be  turned  over  to  the 
artillery  for  use  or  care,  or  transferred  from  the  various  departments,  are  published 
to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

1.  As  soon  as  practicable  after  taking  over  any  battery,  emplacement,  or  mining 
casemate,  under  A.  R.  1486  (A.  R.  1692,  edition  1901)  the  commanding  officer  will 
make  a  careful  and  thorough  inspection,  inviting  the  local  engineer  officer  to  accom- 
pany him,  of  the  battery,  emplacement,  mining  casemate,  magazines,  gun  carriages, 
guns,  and  all  mechanical  and  electrical  appliances  connected  with  the  battery,  sub- 
mitting a  separate  and  complete  report  thereon  to  department  headquarters  through 
the  artillery  district  commander. 

2.  The  commanding  officer  will  note  the  condition  of  the  galleries  and  magazines 
with  respect  to  moisture;  he  will  cause  all  doors  to  be  open  and  closed  and  all 
ammunition  hoists  to  be  operated  with  full  charges  of  ammunition  if  on  hand ;  he  will 
note  if  the  means  of  ammunition  supply  is  adequate  to  the  most  rapid  fire  obtainable 
from  the  guns;  he  will  inspect  all  drains  and  ascertain  whether  they  are  free  and  open, 
the  condition  of  the  parapet  with  respect  to  gullies,  and  note  the  prevalence  of  drift- 
ing sand;  he  M^ill  inspect  all  ramps,  roads,  and  covered  ways  connected  with  tho 
battery, 

3.  If  guns  have  been  mounted,  they  must  previous  to  inspection  be  put  in  con- 
dition for  service.  They  will  be  run  to  and  from  battery  and  the  action  of  all 
mechanisms  connected  with  the  gun  will  be  tested.  Each  gun  must  be  traversed 
several  times  between  the  stops  to  test  the  operation;  the  gun  must  be  brought  to 
bear  upon  two  or  more  reference  points,  the  azimuth  being  carefully  noted  in  order 
to  determine  whether  the  center  of  motion  of  the  carriage  is  concentric  with  the 
traverse  circle.  Test  the. level  of  the  traverse  circle,  ascertain  whether  it  is  properly 
graduated,  and  if  graduated  the  orientation  should  be  verified.  The  graduation  and 
accuracy  of  the  elevating  device  shall  be  verified.  All  breech  mechanisms,  all  bright 
and  working  surfaces,  and  all  mechanical  appliances  pertaining  to  the  gun  or  car- 


366  APPENDIX. 

riage  must  be  carefully  examined  for  present  or  previous  rust;  for  this  purpose  the 
hidden  surfaces  of  the  breechblocks  must  be  exposed  and  all  covers  should  be  removed 
from  gears  or  other  mechanism. 

4.  Whenever  a  battery  or  emplacement  is  turned  over  without  the  guns  and  car- 
riages mounted  the  inspection  prescribed  in  paragraph  3  of  this  order  will  be  made 
by  the  commanding  officer  as  soon  as  the  guns  are  mounted. 

5.  Whenever  any  guns,  carriages,  breechblocks,  or  any  parts  thereof,  or  any  imple- 
ments pertaining  thereto,  are  received  at  a  post  the  ordnance  officer  will  make  a 
careful  and  detailed  inspection,  reporting  to  the  commanding  officer  their  condition. 
This  report  will  be  forwarded  to  department  headquarters  through  the  artillery  dis- 
trict commander. 

6.  Whenever  any  implement  or  part  of  the  armament  is  shipped  from  the  post  for 
repair,  for  transfer,  or  for  any  other  purpose  a  careful  inspection  and  a  full  report  as 
to  its  condition  will  be  made  by  the  responsible  officer  to  the  post  commander,  and 
a  copy  of  such  report  will  be  sent  to  the  officer  to  whom  the  article  is  shipped. 

7.  Whenever  a  company  commander  is  assigned  to  a  battery  he  will  make  a  careful 
inspection  of  the  same,  with  detailed  report  as  to  its  condition  to  the  post  commander. 
This  report  will  be  compared  with  the  report  of  the  preceding  battery  commander, 
and  if  any  deterioration  is  found  to  have  occurred  the  commanding  officer  will  cause 
an  investigation  to  be  made  as  to  the  cause  thereof.  The  report  of  such  investiga- 
tion will  be  forwarded  to  department  headquarters  through  the  artillery  district 
commander. 

8.  The  commanding  officer  will  inspect  the  battery  commander's  station  and  report 
as  to  what  trees  or  other  obstructions  should  be  removed  in  order  to  give  the  position 
finder  a  field  of  view  equal  to  the  field  of  fire  of  the  battery. 

9.  The  power  plant  of  the  central  station,  or  of  separate  batteries,  including  their 
boilers,  engines,  dynamos,  storage  batteries,  and  switch  boards,  must  be  thoroughly 
tested.  Fire  shall  be  started  in  the  cold  boiler  and  the  time  required  to  get  up  steam 
or  power  noted.  The  station  equipment  must  comply  with  the  requirements  of  the 
Drill  Regulations,  Coast  Artillery,  pages  69,  70,  and  71.  The  wiring  in  the  station 
must  be  in  plain  view,  and  wires  of  different  polarity  or  with  great  differences  of 
potential  within  them  must  be  so  located  as  to  preclude  all  possibility  of  their  com- 
ing in  contact.  The  overhead  lines  and  the  conduits  leading  from  the  power  plant 
to  the  gun  emplacements  must  be  inspected  and  tested  for  insulation.  The  current 
must  be  turned  on  the  mains  and  inspection  made  to  ascertain  whether  all  the  lights 
burn  properly,  and  whether  they  are  so  placed  as  to  give  sufficient  illumination  for 
the  reading  of  verniers  and  dials  of  the  system  of  communication.  All  switches  and 
junction  boxes  must  be  carefully  examined  and  the  insulation  of  the  entire  system 
determined.  If  the  guns  or  hoists  are  worked  by  electric  power,  all  motors  used  in 
the  system  must  be  operated  and  the  time  required  to  traverse  the  gun,  elevate  it, 
retract  it  from  the  battery,  and  to  hoist  the  ammunition,  and  the  amount  of  current 
used  in  these  various  operations  must  be  carefully  noted.  A  similar  inspection  must 
be  made  whenever  a  new  electric  plant  at  any  post  is  turned  over  to  the  artillery. 
Commanding  officers  may  detail  officers  who  are  skilled  in  such  work  to  make  the 
technical  tests  required.  The  reports  of  these  officers  will  accompany  the  report  of 
the  commanding  officer. 

10.  Whenever  any  searchlights,  position  finders,  dial  telegraphs,  or  other  instru- 
ments for  use  in  fire  control  and  direction  are  received  at  a  post,  an  officer  skilled  in 
their  use  will  be  detailed  to  test  them  and  report  as  to  their  condition.  The  same 
action  will  be  taken  upon  these  reports  as  is  prescribed  in  paragraph  6. 

11.  Whenever  submarine-mining  equipments  are  turned  over  by  the  Engineer 
Department  to  the  artillery,  an  officer  skilled  in  the  use  of  the  same  will,  if  possible, 
be  detailed  to  inspect  the  property.  In  case  no  such  officer  is  available,  the  officer 
receiving  this  property  will  be  governed  by  the  following  directions: 


APPENDIX.  367 

a.  Inspect  all  transformers,  switch  boards,  operating  boxes,  storage  batteries,  elec- 
tric-light equipment,  circuit  closers,  regulator  plugs,  cut-out  fuses,  and  other  electrical 
instruments  to  see  that  they  are  free  from  rust  and  in  good  working  order,  and 
whenever  possible  test  the  various  apparatus  to  determine  if  the  circuits  are  com- 
plete and  insulation  good. 

b.  All  engines  and  other  mechanical  appliances  must  be  inspected  to  see  if  they 
are  complete  and  in  a  good  state  of  preservation. 

c.  All  mine  cases,  compound  plugs,  tools,  anchors,  junction  boxes,  shackles,  closed 
sockets,  rope,  and  other  stores  must  be  examined  and  their  condition  noted^ 

d.  Cables  and  insulated  wire  must  be  stored  under  water  if  practicable.  All  mate- 
rial of  this  character  turned  over  as  *' serviceable"  should  be  tested  for  insulation 
before  receipting  for  the  same. 

12.  Whenever  standard  systems  have  been  adopted  and  regulations  have  been 
issued  prescribing  the  same,  any  deviation  will  be  noted  in  the  reports. 
{Par.  1692,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  84,  June  19,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  commanding  officers  of  batteries  of  field 
artillery  will  submit  timely  requisitions  to  the  Chief  of  Ordnance  of  the  Army  for 
.38-caliber  Colt's  revolvers,  pistol  holsters,  revolver  cartridge  belts  (woven),  and 
ammunition  to  replace  the  .45-cahber  Colt's  revolvers,  pistol  holsters,  and  ammuni- 
tion now  in  use  in  these  organizations,  and  upon  receipt  of  the  new  equipment  will 
turn  the  .45-caliber  revolvers  in  to  the  Springfield  Armory,  Springfield,  Mass.;  the 
pistol  holsters  to  Rock  Island  Arsenal,  Rock  Island,  111.,  and  the  ammunition  to 
Frankford  Arsenal,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

{Par.  1700,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  42,  May  10,  1902.] 

I.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  instructions  are  published  to 
the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

1.  An  examination  of  ordnance  property  returns  having  shown  that  commanding 
officers  of  cavalry  troops  have  on  hand  an  excessive  number  of  surplus  horse  equip- 
ments, it  is  directed  that  upon  receipt  of  this  order  all  surplus  hoi-se  equipments 
above  the  authorized  strength  of  the  troop,  except  five  extra,  which  may  be  retained, 
be  turned  in;  those  in  the  United  States  to  Rock  Island  Arsenal,  Rock  Island,  111.; 
those  in  the  division  of  the  Philippines  to  the  IVEanila  ordnance  depot,  IVIanila,  P.  I. 

2.  Commanding  officers  of  troops  of  cavalry  will  make  immediate  requisition  for 
hand  guards  with  sight- protecting  shoulder  for  U.  S.  magazine  carbines,  caliber  .30, 
in  all  cases  where  these  have  not  already  been  provided. 

{Par.  1717,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  136,  Oct.  16,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  instructions  relative  to 
making  repairs  and  furnishing  ordnance  supplies  to  field  batteries  in  the  United 
States  are  published  for  the  information  of  all  concerned: 

Whenever  repairs  to  field  battery  material  except  the  breech  mechanism  are  re- 
quired, commanding  officers  of  field  batteries  are  authorized  to  communicate  directly 
with  the  commanding  officer.  Rock  Island  Arsenal.  Whenever  repairs  to  breech 
mechanisms  are  required,  battery  commanders  are  authorized  to  communicate  directly 
with  the  commanding  officer,  Watervliet  Arsenal.  The  commanding  officers  of  these 
arsenals  have  been  instructed  to  comply  with  requests  to  make  repairs  needed. 


368  APPENDIX. 

Whenever  standard  ordnance  supplies  pertaining  to  field  batteries  (except  guns, 
carriages,  caissons,  limbers,  wagons,  and  ammunition)  are  required,  battery  command- 
ers are  authorized  to  send  requisitions  direct  for  the  same,  as  follows: 

In  the  Department  of  the  East,  to  the  commanding  officer,  Watervliet  Arsenal. 

In  the  Departments  of  the  Lakes,  the  Missouri,  the  Colorado,  and  Dakota,  to  the 
commanding  officer,  Eock  Island  Arsenal. 

In  the  Department  of  Texas,  to  the  commanding  officer,  San  Antonio  Arsenal. 

In  the  Departments  of  California  and  the  Columbia,  to  the  commanding  officer, 
Benicia  Arsenal. 

The  commanding  officers  of  the  arsenals  named  have  been  instructed  to  furnish 
the  supplies  asked  for  to  the  extent  authorized  by  regulations. 

Requisitions  for  guns,  carriages,  caissons,  limbers,  wagons,  and  ammunition  will, 
as  heretofore,  be  sent  through  military  channels  to  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  except 
that  in  the  Department  of  California  and  the  Columbia  requisitions  for  ammunition 
will  be  sent  through  military  channels  to  the  commanding  officer,  Benicia  Arsenal. 

{Far.  1721,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  154,  Nov.  26,  1901.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War  the  following  instructions  relative  to  the 
issues  of  ordnance  stores  to  troops  serving  in  the  United  States  are  published  for  the 
information  of  all  concerned: 

1.  Whenever  the  following-named  ordnance  stores  and  supplies,  viz,  small  arms, 
small-arms  ammunition,  infantry  equipments,  cleaning  material,  small-arms  targets 
and  material,  reloading  tools,  stencil  and  marking  outfits,  arm  racks,  cavalry  equip- 
ments, fencing  implements,  and  saddler  materials,  are  required  by  post  ordnance 
officers  and  company  commanders,  department  commanders  are  authorized  to  send 
requisitions  direct  to  the  arsenals  the  commanding  officers  of  which  have  been 
instructed  to  furnish  the  supplies  required  to  the  extent  authorized  by  existing  regu- 
lations. 

DEPARTMENT   OF   THE    EAST. 

To  the  commanding  officers  New  York  Arsenal,  N.  Y. ;  Watervliet  Arsenal,  N.  Y., 
and  Augusta  Arsenal,  Ga.,  depending  upon  the  locality.  Requisitions  for  small  arms 
in  this  department  may  also  be  sent  to  Springfield  Armory,  Mass.,  and  for  small-arms 
cartridges  to  that  armory  and  to  Frankford  Arsenal,  Pa. 

DEPARTMENT   OF   TEXAS. 

To  the  commanding  officer  San  Antonio  Arsenal,  Tex.,  as  heretofore. 

DEPARTMENTS   OF   THE   LAKES,    THE    MISSOURI,    THE   COLORADO,    AND   DAKOTA. 

To  the  commanding  officer  Rock  Island  Arsenal,  111. 

DEPARTMENTS   OF  THE   COLUMBIA    AND   CALIFORNIA. 

To  the  commanding  officer  Benicia  Arsenal,  Cal.,  as  heretofore. 

2.  Requisitions  for  ordnance  stores,  except  as  above  noted,  will  as  heretofore  be 
forwarded  through  military  channels  to  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  U.  S.  Army,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  except  in  the  Departments  of  the  Columbia  and  California,  where 
requisitions  will  be  forwarded  through  military  channels  to  the  commanding  officer, 
Benicia  Arsenal,  Cal. 

{Par.  1721,  A.  R.) 


CHANGES  IN  THE  ARMY  REGULATIONS  SINCE  JUNE 
30, 1902,  TO  DECEMBER  31, 1902. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 

27.  A  soldier  to  be  eligible  for  the  position  of  candidate  for  promotion  must  be  a 
citizen  of  the  United  States,  unmarried,  not  over  thirty  years  of  age  on  the  1st  of  Sep- 
tember following  his  preliminary  examination,  and  of  good  moral  character  both 
before  and  after  enlistment.  An  applicant  will  not  be  ordered  for  the  preliminary 
examination  unless  it  is  apparent  that  on  the  1st  of  September  next  following  he  will 
have  served  honorably  not  less  than  two  years.  Such  service  need  not  have  been 
continuous,  but  m«st  have  been  rendered  as  an  officer  or  enlisted  man  in  the  regu- 
lar or  volunteer  forces,  or  as  a  cadet  at  the  Military  Academy,  unless  such  cadet  was 
discharged  for  deficiency  in  conduct  or  studies,  in  which  case  he  will  not  be  entitled 
to  appointment  in  advance  of  the  graduation  of  his  class.  The  competitor  at  the 
date  of  his  application  must  be  an  enlisted  man  of  the  Regular  Army.  Applications 
will  be  made  to  department  commanders  on  or  before  February  1st  of  each  year,  and 
company  commanders  in  forwarding  them  will  verify  the  statement  of  service  sub- 
mitted by  enlisted  men  of  their  respective  commands. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 

30.  An  applicant  who  has  passed  a  departmental  board,  but  has  failed  to  pass  the 
competitive  board,  may  again  be  examined  by  the  competitive  board  on  proper 
application  made  through  department  headquarters;  he  will  not  be  required  to  pass 
a  departmental  board  a  second  time.  An  applicant  who  twice  fails  in  competitive 
examination  to  obtain  a  certificate  of  eligibility  as  candidate  for  promotion  can  not 
again  compete  for  that  position. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 

50.  Chaplains  will  render,  through  military  channels,  monthly  reports  of  the  duties 
performed  by  them,  and  of  all  births,  baptisms,  marriages,  and  deaths  occurring  at 
their  stations.  The  reports  will  be  made  in  duplicate  on  Form  No.  73,  Adjutant- 
General's  Office,  and  one  copy  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the 
Army  and  the  other  filed  with  the  post  records. 


[G.O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 

101.  An  application  for  appointment  must  be  in  the  handwriting  of  the  applicant, 
and  will  briefly  state  the  length  and  nature  of  his  military  service,  and  for  what 
time  and  in  what  organizations  he  has  served,  as  a  noncommissioned  oflScer.  The 
company  commander  will  indorse  thereon  the  character  of  the  applicant  and  his 

22778—03 24  369 


370  APPENDIX. 

opinion  as  to  his  intelligence  and  fitness  for  the  position.  The  application  so  indorsed 
will  be  submitted  to  the  regimental  or  artillery  district  commander,  who  will  forward 
the  same,  with  his  remarks  as  to  the  merits  of  the  applicant,  to  the  Adjutant-General 
of  the  Army. 


A  [G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 

*  -Jfr  -x-  -Jt  *  -x-  * 

112.  Each  sergeant  of  the  post  noncommissioned  staff  will  make  such  personal 
reports  as  may  be  required  by  the  head  of  the  staff  department  to  which  he  belongs. 
Each  electrician-sergeant  and  sergeant-major  of  the  Artillery  Corps  will  make  such 
personal  reports  as ,  may  be  required  by  the  Chief  of  Artillery.  The  officer  under 
whose  orders  these  noncommissioned  officers  are  serving  will  indorse  on  each  sepa- 
rate report  his  opinion  of  the  manner  in  which  the  sergeant  has  performed  his  duties, 
and  the  post  commander  will  forward  the  report  direct  to  the  chief  of  bureau  or,  in 
the  case  of  electrician-sergeants  or  sergeants-major  of  the  Artillery  Corps,  to  the  Chief 
of  Artillery, 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
4t  ^  *  *  *  *  * 

123.  When  the  station  of  an  enlisted  man  is  changed  while  he  is  on  furlough  he 
will  on  joining  his  new  station  be  entitled  to  travel  allowances  from  the  place  of 
the  receipt  of  the  order  to  the  new  station,  provided  the  distance  is  not  greater  than 
that  from  the  old  to  the  new  station;  but  if  the  distance  be  greater  he  will  be  enti- 
tled to  travel  allowances  for  a  distance  equal  to  that  from  the  old  to  the  new  station 
only.  An  enlisted  man  under  orders  to  change  station  who  takes  advantage  of  a 
furlough  before  he  joins  his  new  station  is  not  deprived  of  the  travel  allowances  to 
which  he  would  be  entitled  had  he  not  availed  himself  of  the  furlough.  A  soldier 
who  has  returned  from  furlough  to  the  station  from  which  furloughed,  his  company 
having  in  his  absence  changed  station,  is  entitled  to  transportation  at  the  expense 
of  the  Government  to  the  new  station  of  his  company.  Charges  for  transportation 
furnished  to  enlisted  men  on  furlough  in  pursuance  of  paragraph  121  will  be  adjusted 
in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  this  regulation. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 
*  *  *  *  -X-  *  * 

170.  When  transportation  in  kind  is  furnished  a  discharged  soldier  to  enable  him 
to  reach  a  paymaster  the  quartermaster  will  note  on  the  final  statements  that  ''trans- 
portation in  kind  from to has  been  furnished,"  stating  the  cost  thereof, 

which  will  be  deducted  by  the  paymaster.  If  a  soldier,  discharged  at  the  place  of 
his  enlistment,  be  furnished  with  transportation  to  enable  him  to  reach  a  paymaster 
the  cost  thereof  will  be  ascertained  and  noted  on  his  final  statements,  to  be  deducted 
by  the  paymaster. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 
*  #  *  *  *  *  * 

227.  The  following  books  of  record  will  be  kept  at  each  post:  An  order  book,  a 
letters-received  book,  an  index  book  for  letters  received,  a  letters-sent  book,  an  index 


APPENDIX. 


371 


book  for  letters  sent,  a  post  council  of  administration  book,  furnished  by  the  Quarter- 
master's Department;  a  post  descriptive  book,  a  post-clothing  book,  a  morning-report 
book,  and  a  guard-report  book,  furnished  by  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army;  a 
post-exchange  council  book,  provided  by  the  post  exchange.  At  posts  with  field  bat- 
teries the  book  of  artillery  record  required  by  paragraph  408  will  be  kept;  it  will  be 
supplied  by  the  Ordnance  Department.  All  copies  of  all  returns  and  reports  ren- 
dered, if  not  contained  in  the  book  of  orders  received,  letters  sent,  all  letters  received 
which  are  not  required  to  be  returned,  in  fine,  all  official  papers  which  relate  to  post 
administration  and  which  are  required  to  be  kept  at  the  post  will  be  filed  and  pre- 
served as  a  part  of  the  post  records.  The  records  will  not  be  removed  from  the  post 
except  on  its  discontinuance.  Commanding  officers  will  see  that  the  records  are 
accurately  kept  and  are  properly. transferred  to  their  successors. 

•5fr  *  *  ^  *  *  * 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 
^«•  *****  -x- 

261.  A  captain  may  hold  the  position  of  regimental  or  artillery  staff  officer  for  four 
years  only,  and  a  lieutenant  that  of  squadron,  battalion,  or  artillery  staff  officer  for 
two  years  only,  whether  in  the  same  or  different  offices.  No  officer  will  be  eligible 
for  a  second  tour,  nor  for  appointment  or  reappointment,  except  to  serve  an  unex- 
pired term,  until  he  shall  have  served  two  years  as  a  troop,  battery,  or  company 
officer,  but  the  time  an  officer  may  have  previously  served  as  a  lieutenant  in  the 
position  of  regimental,  squadron,  battalion,  artillery,  or  post  staff  officer  will  not  be 
included  in  computing  the  four  years  for  which  he  may  serve  on  the  regimental 
or  artillery  staff  as  a  captain. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 


407.  At  all  posts  with  fixed  batteries,  the  position  of  every  gun,  mounted  or  to  be 
mounted,  \vill  have  its  number,  which  will  be  placed  on  the  gun  when  in  position. 

Guns  and  mortars  arranged  in  line  will  be  numbered  from  right  to  left,  in  separate 
series  for  each  battery. 

Mortar  pits  arranged  in  line  will  be  lettered  in  series  from  right  to  left — A,  B,  C, 
D,  etc. 


^ 

>:? 

4.    .2 
3«    -1 

:>:: 

X 

^ 

_ 

_^_„ 

.  1 

Fig.  1. 

Mortar  pits  grouped  as  in  the  square  battery  emplacements  will  be  lettered  as 
follows: 
A — The  right  rear  pit. 
B— The  right  front  pit. 
C— The  left  rear  pit. 
D— The  left  front  pit. 

The  mortars  in  each  pit  will  be  numbered  in  series  as  follows: 
No.  1 — The  right  rear  mortar. 


372 


APPENDIX. 


No.  2 — The  right  front  mortar. 

No.  3 — The  left  rear  mortar. 

No.  4 — The  left  front  mortar. 

The  mortar-pit  letter  will  be  painted  with  its  middle  at  the  intersection  of  the 
diagonals  of  the  front  vertical  wall  of  the  pit,  the  letter  to  be  block,  10  inches  high 
and  8  inches  wide,  painted  in  white  on  circular  black  background  16  inches  in 
diameter. 

The  mortar  number  will  be  placed  on  the  highest  point  of  the  mortar,  halfway 
between  the  axis  of  the  trunnions  and  the  face  of  the  breech,  the  top  of  the  number 
toward  the  trunnion.  The  number  will  be  block,  3  inches  high  and  2  inches  wide, 
painted  in  white. 

The  tactical  numbers  of  the  guns  of  8  inches  caliber  and  upward  will  be  painted  on 
the  left  half  of  the  horizontal  diameter  of  the  face  of  the  breech,  halfway  between 
the  left  edge  of  the  breechblock  and  outside  the  piece;  numbers  to  be  block,  3  inches 
high  and  2  inches  wide,  painted  in  white. 


>:: 

4.      .2 

3»       •! 

4.       .2 
3.'^.. 

n  r 

Fig.  2. 

The  tactical  numbers  of  guns  of  caliber  less  than  8  inches  will  be  similarly  located, 
except  that  the  number  will  be  1^  inches  high  and  1  inch  wide. 

Stencils  for  all  gun  and  mortar  letters  will  be  furnished  by  the  Ordnance 
Department. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 
It  *  *  *  ■*  *  * 

415.  In  addition  to  such  reports  as  may  be  required  by  instructions  and  orders 
governing  artillery  practice  the  commanding  officer  of  a  post,  battery,  or  company 
will  forward  through  the  ordnance  officer  of  the  department,  for  the  information  of 
the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  on  forms  supplied  by  the  Ordnance  Department,  a  report  of 
each  shot  fired  in  practice,  instruction,  and  active  service.  • 


[G.  O.  128,  Dec.  16,  1902.] 

465.  Salutes  will  be  fired  between  sunrise  and  sunset  only  and,  as  a  rule,  not  on 
Sunday,  unless  required  by  international  courtesy.  The  national  flag  will  always 
be  displayed  at  the  time  of  firing  a  salute. 


APPENDIX.  373 

[G.  O.  128,  Dec.  16,  1902.] 
******* 

466.  The  national  salute  is  21  guns.  It  is  also  the  salute  to  a  national  flag.  The 
salute  to  the  Union,  commemorative  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence  and  con- 
sisting of  1  gun  for  each  State,  is  fired  at  noon  on  July  4  at  every  post  provided  with 
suitable  artillery. 


[G.  O.  128,  Dec.  16,  1902.] 
*  *  *  *  *  *  * 

468.  An  ex-President  of  the  United  States  receives  a  salute  of  21  guns;  the  Vice- 
President  and  President  of  the  Senate  and  American  or  foreign  ambassadors 
receive  a  salute  of  19  guns;  members  of  the  Cabinet,  the  Chief  Justice,  the  Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Representatives,  a  committee  of  Congress  officially  visiting  a  military 
post,  governors  within  their  respective  States  or  Territories,  and  the  civil  governor 
of  the  Philippine  Islands,  receive  17  guns;  the  vice-governor  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  receives  15  guns.  A  governor-general  receives  a  salute  of  17  guns.  The  term 
''governor-general"  shall  be  taken  to  mean  an  administrative  office  under  whom 
oflicers  with  the  title  of  governor  are  acting.  The  Assistant  Secretary  of  War  or  the 
Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  when  officially  visiting  a  military  post,  receives  a 
salute  of  15  guns. 


[G.  0.119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 
******* 

891.  All  public  records  and  papers,  such  as  letters  and  telegrams  received,  books 
of  general  and  special  orders  and  circulars,  books  of  letters  received  and  sent,  guard 
report,  morning  report,  descriptive  and  clothing,  sick  reports,  etc.,  are  the  property 
of  the  United  States,  and  will  be  required  by  the  War  Department  in  the  settlement 
of  claims  against  the  Government,  and  for  other  official  purposes.  Whenever  posts, 
districts,  geographical  departments,  corps,  divisions,  brigades,  regiments,  and  com- 
panies are  discontinued  all  such  records  will  be  carefully  labeled  and  packed  and 
marked,  showing  the  command  to  which  they  pertain,  and  forwarded  by  express  to 
the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army.  Records  of  discontinued  depots  of  the  staff 
departments  will  be  forwarded  direct  to  the  chief  of  the  staff  department  to  which 
they  pertain. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 
*  *  *  *  -       *  *  * 

900.  Efficiency  reports  will  be  made  at  the  close  of  each  fiscal  year: 

1 .  By  the  commander  of  each  department  respecting  each  officer  of  his  personal 
and  departmental  staff  and  each  officer  who  has  commanded  a  post  or  important 
camp,  or  has  been  in  charge  of  a  supply  depot  under  his  command,  and  by  each 
officer  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers  in  charge  of  an  engineering  division  respecting 
each  officer  under  his  orders. 

2.  By  the  chief  of  each  bureau  respecting  each  officer  of  the  Army  who  is  not 
otherwise  reported  upon  under  these  regulations,  but  who  reports  directly  to  the 
bureau  chief. 


374  APPENDIX. 

3.  By  the  commanding  officer  of  each  post  (see  section  4  of  this  paragraph), 
important  camp,  arsenal,  or  armory;  by  each  officer  in  charge  of  a  depot,  engineer 
in  local  charge  of  works,  the  commandant  of  each  service  school,  and  the  superin- 
tendent of  the  Military  Academy  respecting  each  officer  of  the  Army  serving  at  any 
such  post,  camp,  station,  school,  etc.,  during  the  year. 

4.  By  the  commanding  officer,  artillery  subpost.  Fort  Riley,  Kans.,  and  by  the 
commanding  officers  of  battalions  of  field  artillery,  reports  to  be  forwarded  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  through  post  and  other  commanders. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 

•X-  *  *  ■¥:  *  *  * 

901.  All  efficiency  reports  respecting  regimental  officers  will  be  forwarded  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army;  those  respecting  officers  of  the  Artillery  Corps  to  the 
Adjutant-General  of  the  Army  through  the  commanding  officers  of  artillery  dis- 
tricts and  other  commanders,  and  those  respecting  officers  of  the  staff  corps  and 
departments  to  the  chiefs  of  bureaus  through  intermediate  commanders,  who  will 
indorse  thereon  such  remarks  as  may  be  proper  in  each  case. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
if  *  * 


1009.  If  there  are  any  prisoners  with  no  record  of  charges  against  them,  the  old 
officer  of  the  day  will  report  that  fact  to  the  commanding  officer,  who  will  give  the 
necessary  instructions. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
*  -X-  *  *  *  *  *       • 

1287.  Estimates  of  clothing  and  equipage  will  be  made  quarterly,  as  follows:  On 
January  1  for  the  quarter  ending  June  30;  on  April  1  for  the  quarter  ending  Septem- 
ber 30;  on  July-1  for  the  quarter  ending  December  31;  On  October  1  for  the  quarter 
ending  March  31. 

They  will  be  prepared  by  the  post  quartermasters  on  the  prescribed  form  (No.  53), 
based  upon  the  authorized  strength  of  the  command,  and  will  show  the  quantities 
and  sizes  of  the  articles  required  and  the  quantities  on  hand.  These  estimates  will 
be  made  in  quadruplicate.  Post  commanders  will,  j^rior  to  the  rendition  of  these 
estimates,  ascertain  from  company  or  detachment  commanders,  by  circular  memo- 
randum (Form  57),  the  probable  needs  of  each  subordinate  command  for  the  period 
covered  by  the  estimates,  and  refer  said  circular  memorandum  to  the  post  quarter- 
masters on  or  before  the  25th  day  of  the  month  preceding  the  date  on  which  the 
quarterly  post  estimates  are  to  be  prepared. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
■X-  ■*  *  -x  *  -x-  -x- 

1288.  After  these  estimates  have  been  approved  by  the  post  commander,  one  copy 
will  be  retained  by  the  quartermaster  for  post  purposes  and  three  copies  forwarded 


APPENDIX.  875 

to  the  chief  quartermaster  of  the  department,  accompanied  by  a  hst  of  such  articles 
on  hand  as  will  not  be  required  at  post  during  the  period  for  which  the  estimate 
is  rendered.     This  list  will  show  the  exact  condition  and  sizes. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19, 1902.] 
*  *  *  *  *  *  * 

1289.  The  chief  quartermaster,  upon  receipt  of  the  several  post  estimates,  will  care- 
fully revise  the  same  and  order  the  issue  from  surplus  reported  in  the  lists  accompa- 
nying the  various  estimates,  of  such  articles  as  can  be  utilized,  noting  the  articles 
thus  ordered  upon  the  estimates,  and  subtracting  from  the  articles  called  for  the 
articles  supplied  from  surplus  and  noting  upon  the  proper  line  provided  in  the  blank 
form  the  articles  remaining  to  be  furnished. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
*  -x-  *  -x-  ^t  *  * 

1290.  After  such  action  and  approval  by  department  commander,  one  copy  of  the 
estimate  will  be  retained  in  the  office  of  the  chief  quartermaster  and  the  other  two 
copies  forwarded  direct  to  the  Quartermaster-General,  so  as  to  reach  his  office  not 
later  than  February  1,  May  1,  August  1,  and  November  1,  respectively.  Each  post 
estimate  will  be  accompanied  by  the  original  list  of  surplus  property  modified  so  as 
to  show  the  articles  which  have  been  absorbed  and  the  quantities  that  can  still  be 
made  use  of  in  filling  estimates  from  posts  in  other  departments. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 

*  ¥r  *  -X-  •*  *  ^ 

1291.  Should  the  quantity  of  clothing  and  equipage  supplied  upon  the  quarterly 
estimates  prove  inadequate,  a  special  requisition  in  triplicate,  giving  reasons  therefor, 
should  be  made  and  forwarded  to  the  chief  quartermaster,  and  after  approval  by  the 
department  commander,  one  copy  will  be  retained  for  record  in  the  office  of  the  chief 
quartermaster  and  the  remaining  two  copies  forwarded  direct  to  the  Quartermaster- 
General.  In  case  of  absolute  necessity  call  for  such  articles  as  are  urgently  needed 
may  be  made  by  telegraph. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
*  *  *  *  St  *  * 

1292.  Officers  of  the  recruiting  service  will,  in  order  to  prevent  any  unnecessary 
accumulations  at  their  respective  stations,  forward  special  requisition  for  such  articles 
of  clothing  and  equipage  as  may  be  needed  in  the  immediate  future.  Such  requisi- 
tions will  be  made  in  duplicate  and  forwarded  to  the  Quartermaster-General  direct, 
accompanied  by  a  list  of  such  surplus  property  as  may  be  on  hand  and  not  required. 
The  condition  of  such  property  and  the  sizes  of  the  clothing  will  also  be  stated. 


376  APPENDIX. 

[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
*  -^  *  *  *  *  * 

1293.  Clothing  and  equipage  required  by  the  detachments  of  Ordnance  and  the 
Signal  Corps  will  be  estimated  for  at  the  dates  and  for  the  periods  indicated  in  para- 
graph 1287.  The  estimates  will  be  made  in  triplicate,  and,  after  retaining  one  copy 
for  purposes  of  record,  the  remaining  two  copies  will  be  forwarded  to  the  Quarter- 
master-General direct,  together  with  lists  of  property  on  hand  in  excess  of  require- 
ments for  the  period  for  which  the  estimate  is  made;  and  its  exact  condition  and 
sizes  stated. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 

*  *  *  ¥r  Mr  *  * 

1294.  Estimates  for  clothing  and  equipage  for  the  troops  stationed  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  will  be  made  and  forwarded  to  the  chief  quartermaster  of  the  division  as 
provided  in  the  preceding  paragraphs,  but  instead  of  forwarding  the  same  to  the 
Quartermaster-General,  he  will  order  the  supply  of  such  articles  as  can  not  l)e  fur- 
nished from  surplus  at  posts  from  the  supply  depots  under  his  direction. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
******* 

1295.  To  enable  post  quartermasters  to  form  an  approximate  basis  as  to  the  sizes 
required,  each  company  or  detachment  commander  will,  whenever  called  upon,  fur- 
nish that  officer  with  a  statement  of  the  sizes  of  the  various  garments  worn  by  the 
enlisted  men  composing  said  commands. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
*  *  *  *  *  *  * 

1310.  Whenever  the  necessity  for  the  issue  is  certified  by  the  post  commander, 
arctic  overshoes,  fur  gauntlets  and  caps,  and  woolen  mittens,  conforming  to  patterns 
in  the  office  of  the  Quartermaster-General,  will  be  issued  at  cost  prices  at  the  rate  of 
one  pair  of  overshoes,  gauntlets,  and  mittens,  and  one  cap  to  each  enlisted  man  per 
annum.     These  articles  do  not  form  part  of  the  annual  money  allowance  for  clothing. 

Canvas  mittens  and  blanket-lined  canvas  caps,  conforming  to  patterns  in  the  office 
of  the  Quartermaster-General,  will  be  supplied  to  troops  serving  in  extremely  cold 
regions  and  to  troops  stationed  at  West  Point,  N.  Y.,  when  the  necessity  for  such 
issue  is  certified  by  the  post  commander,  at  the  rate  of  one  pair  of  mittens  and  one 
cap  per  man  per  annum.  The  voucher  will  show  that  this  issue  is  gratuitous  and 
made  within  the  above  allowance.  Issues  in  excess  of  such  allowance  will  be  charged 
to  the  men  at  regulation  prices.  In  case  of  loss  or  destruction  of  any  of  said  articles 
of  gratuitous  issue  without  fault  or  neglect  on  the  part  of  the  soldier  to  whom  they 
have  been  intrusted,  and  so  certified  to  by  the  immediate  commanding  officer,  then 
the  article  or  articles  so  lost  or  destroyed  may  be  replaced  without  charge  to  the 
soldier. 


APPENDIX.  377 

[G.  O.  82,  July  19, 1902.] 
*  ^  *  ^  ¥r  *  Ik 

II.  By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  paragraphs  1313  and  1314  of  the 
Regulations  are  hereby  revoked. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 

*  *  *  *  -Jt  *  * 

1328.  The  allowance  of  corn  brooms  and  scrubbing  brushes  will  be  as  follows: 

For  each  organization  having  an  authorized  maxiinuni  strength  of  150  enlisted  men 
or  over,  nine  brooms  and  six  brushes  per  month. 

For  each  organization  having  an  authorized  maximum  strength  of  100  enlisted 
men,  more  or  less,  six  brooms  and  four  brushes  per  month. 

Two  brooms  and  one  brush  per  month  to  each  regimental  band. 

Three  brooms  and  two  brushes  per  annum  for  each  noncommissioned  staff  officer, 
including  those  of  posts,  regiments,  squadrons,  battalions,  and  the  Artillery  Corps. 

Six  c^ns  of  concentrated  lye  and  six  cakes  of  sapolio  per  month  to  each  company, 
troop,  battery,  and  one-half  that  quantity  to  each  band. 

Six  brushes  per  annum  to  each  post  bakery. 

Twelve  brooms  and  eight  brushes  per  annum  to  each  city  recruiting  station. 

They  will  habitually  be  drawn  quarterly,  but  may  be  drawn  when  needed.  If  less 
than  the  maximum  allowance  be  drawn  in  one  quarter  credit  can  not  be  given  in 
another. 

*  *  *  *  *  *  * 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  19,  1902.] 
*  *  ^  *  *  *  ^ 

1377.  A  ration  is  the  allowance  for  the  subsistence  of  one  person  for  one  day  and 
varies  in  components  according  to  the  station  of  the  troops  or  the  nature  of  the  duty 
performed,  being  severall}'  known  as  the  garrison  ration,  the  field  ration,  the  travel 
ration,  the  Filipino  ration,  and  the  emergency  ration.  The  garrison  ration  is  issued 
to  troops  in  garrison  or  in  permanent  camps;  the  field  ration  to  troops  not  in  garrison 
or  permanent  camps;  the  travel  ration  to  troops  traveling  otherwise  than  by  march- 
ing, or  when  for  short  periods  they  are  separated  from  cooking  facilities;  the  Filipino 
ration  for  use  of  the  Philippine  scouts,  and  the  emergency  ration  to  troops  in  active 
campaign  for  use  on  occasions  of  emergency. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  19,  1902.] 
*  *  *  *  *  *  * 

1378.  Enlisted  men,  prisoners  of  war,  military  prisoners  at  posts,  hospital  matrons, 
and  nurses  in  the  Nurse  Corps  are  each  entitled  to  one  ration  in  kind  per  day, 
according  to  the  station  or  the  nature  of  the  service;  and  when  the  rate  of  pay  of  a 
civilian  employed  with  the  Army  does  not  exceed  $60  per  month,  if  the  circum- 
stances of  his  service  make  it  necessary  and  the  terms  of  his  engagement  provide  for 
it,  there  may*  be  issued  to  him  in  kind  one  garrison  or  field  ration  per  day, 
according  to  the  exigencies  of  the  case. 


378 


APPENDIX. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  19,  1902.] 
*  *  ^t  *  -x-  *  * 

II.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  paragraph  1380  of  the  Regulations  of 
1901,  amended  by  General  Orders,  No.  130,  October  3,  1901,  from  this  office,  is 
further  amended  by  adding  the  following  section: 

1380. 
******* 

4.  Filipino  ration. 


Articles. 

Quantities  per 
ration. 

Quantities  per  100  rations. 

MEAT  COMPONENTS. 

Ounces. 

'I 

8 
8 

12 
8 

12 

16 
16 

28 

4 
2 

Gills. 

Founds. 
75 
37i 
50 
50 
75 
50 
75 

100 
100 
175 

25 
12i 

Ounces. 

Quarts. 

Or  bacon                                                                 . .  . . 

Or  canned  salmon 

Or  codfish,  dried 

.. 

Or  fresh  fish                                                             ... 

BREAD  COMPONENTS. 

Flour 

Or  rice 

VEGETABLE  COMPONENTS. 

Potatoes  

Or  onions                                          

COFFEE  AND  SUGAR  COMPONENTS. 

Coffee 

SEASONING  COMPONENTS. 

Vinegar 

1 

Salt 

i 

4 

Pepper,  black                                            

2 

SOAP  AND  CANDLE  COMPONENTS. 

Soap 

2 

Candles            

12 



[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  19,  1902.] 

•  *  *  *  *  *  *  * 

1387.  In  adjusting  charges  to  be  made  against  enlisted  men  or  others  on  account  of 

increased  expense  to  the  Government  for  their  subsistencerthe  value  of  the  garrison, 

field,  and  Filipino  rations  will  be  estimated  at  20  cents  each;  that  of  the  travel  ration 

at  40  cents. 

*  *  *  *  *  *  * 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  19,  1902.] 


1407.  All  articles  of  the  ration  (excepting  fresh  beef,  mutton,  canned  meats — except 
canned  bacon — beef  and  vegetable  stew,  dried,  pickled,  or  canned  fish,  soft  bread, 
hard  bread,  baking  powder,  fresh  or  desiccated  vegetables,  dried  fruit,  jam,  and 
cucumber  pickles)  due  a  company,  bakery,  or  other  military  organization,  and  not 
needed  for  consumption  will,  if  public  loss  will  not  result,  be  retained  for  reissue  by 
the  commissary  and  will  be  paid  for  by  him  as  savings  at  the  invoice  prices.  All 
savings  of  bacon  must  be  paid  for  at  prices  of  crate  bacon.  Savings  not  needed  by 
the  commissary  for  reissue  may  be  sold  by  companies,  bakeries,  or  other  organizations 

to  any  purchasers. 

*  *  *  *  *  *  * 


APPENDIX. 


379 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  19,  1902.] 
*  4t  ■}{■ 


COMMUTATION. 


1410.  Commutation  of  rations  may  be  allowed  at  the  following  rates,  under  the 
conditions  mentioned,  viz: 


Rate  per  day  each. 

Conditions. 

Enlisted 

men  and 

nurses. 

Philippine 
scouts. 

1.  To  enlisted  men,  Philippine  scouts,  male  or  female  nurses  on  the  expiration 

of  their  furloughs  or  leaves,  provided  that  on  or  before  the  last  day  thereof 
they  have  reported  at  their  proper  stations  or  have  been  discharged 

2.  To  sergeants  of  the  post  noncommissioned  staff  (and  enlisted  men  acting 

as  such)  on  duty  at  forts  and  stations  where  there  are  no  other  troops. . . 

3.  To  an  enlisted  man,  a  Philippine  scout,  or  a  male  or  female  nurse  on 

detached  duty,  stationed  in  a  city  or  town  where  subsistence  is  not  fur- 

'  $0.25 
.40 

.75 
1.50 

1.50 
1.50 

1.50 
1.50 

«0.25 

.50 

4.  To  an  enlisted  man  or  a  Philippine  scout  traveling  under  orders  from  a 

place  or  station  at  which  his  rations  have  been  regularly  commuted 

5.  To  an  enlisted  man  or  a  Philippine  scout  traveling  under  orders  alone, 

when  the  journey  can  not  be  performed  in  twenty-four  hours  and  it  is 
impracticable  to  carry  rations  of  any  kind  (which  fact  must  be  stated 
in  the  order  directing  the  journey)        .           

.75 
.75 

6.  To  two  enlisted  men  or  Philippine  scouts  traveling  under  orders  as  a  de- 
tachment, or  traveling  under  orders  as  a  guard  to  an  insane  patient  or 
military  prisoner,  when  the  journey  can  not  be  performed  in  twenty- 
four  hours  and  it  is  impracticable  to  carry  rations  of  any  kind  (which 

.75 

7.  To  an  insane  patient  or  military  prisoner  traveling  under  orders  under 
guard  of  one  or  two  enlisted  men  or  Philippine  scouts,  when  the  jour- 
ney can  not  be  performed  in  twenty-four  hours  and  it  is  impracticable 
to  carry  rations  of  any  kind  (which  fact  must  be  stated  in  the  order  di- 
recting the  journey),  to  be  paid  on  the  order  of  the  commanding  offi- 
cer in  advance  to,  and  to  be  receipted  for  by,  the  person  to  whose  charge 

.76 

8.  "So  enlisted  men  or  Philippine  scouts  selected  to  contest  for  places  or  prizes 
in  department  or  army  rifle  competitions,  while  traveling  under  orders 
to  and  from  places  of  contest,  when  the  journey  can  not  be  performed 
in  twenty- four  hours  and  it  is  impracticable  to  carry  rations  of  any  kind 

.75 

[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
Mr  *****  * 

1431.  Sales  may  be  made  on  credit  to  officers  and  enlisted  men  who  have  not  been 
regularly  paid  or  who  are  in  the  field.  Officers  will  certify  that  the  stores  are  for 
their  own  use  and  receipt  fpr  them.  Enlisted  men  will  obtain  permits  from  their 
company  commanders,  approved  by  the  commanding  officer,  for  purchases  on  credit. 
Permits  will  not  be  given  to  a  soldier  in  excess  of  the  unencumbered  pay  due  him 
nor  in  any  month  in  excess  of  his  monthly  pay.  A  recruit  may  be  furnished  on 
credit  with  such  of  the  following  articles  as  may  be  needed  by  him,  viz:  A  hand 
basin,  a  piece  of  soap,  a  toothbrush,  two  towels,  a  comb,  a  hairbrush,  a  shoebrush, 
and  a  box  of  shoeblacking,  a  whisk  broom,  and  not  to  exceed  1  pound  of  tobacco. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  19,  1902.] 
^  *****  * 

1475.  In  the  settlement  of  the  mileage  accounts  of  officers  of  the  Army  distances 
shall  be  determined  and  deductions  computed  over  routes  established  and  by  mileage 


380  APPET^DIX. 

tables  prepared  by  the  Paymaster-General  of  the  Army  under  tiie  direction  of  the 
Secretary  of  War;  and  all  payments  made  by  paymasters  on  account  of  mileage  shall 
be  determined  in  accordance  with  the  distance  tables  officially  promulgated  and  in 
use  at  the 'date  of  the  commencement  of  the  journey.  Exception  to  this  rule  will  be 
made  only  when  the  terms  of  the  order,  or  the  impracticability  of  the  shortest  usually 
traveled  route,  compel  the  officer  to  take  another,  or  when  the  journey  is  performed 
by  a  route  shorter  than  that  usually  traveled.  In  such  cases  travel  allowances  will 
be  computed  over  the  actually  traveled  route. 

*  *  *  *  *  *  * 


[Q.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
*  *  *  *  -x-  *  * 

1492,  An  officer  does  not  lose  his  right  to  quarters  or  commutation  at  his  permanent 
station  by  a  temporary  absence  on  duty.  While  he  continues  to  hold  that  right  and 
exercises  it  by  constructive  occupation  or  use  of  any  kind,  he  can  not  legally  demand 
quarters  nor  commutation  at  any  other  station.  Exceptions  to  this  rule  may  be  made 
by  the  general  commanding  the  troops  in  the  Philippine  Islands  in  cases  arising  in 
his  command;  in  all  other  cases  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  upon  the  approval  of  the 
commanding  general  of  the  department. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.J 
*  *  *  *  *  *  ^ 

1520.  Should  a  soldier  die  or  desert  in  the  interval  between  signing  the  pay  rolls 
and  the  receipt  of  the  money  at  the  post  from  the  paymaster  the  check  or  cash  will 
be  immediately  returned  to  the  paymaster,  the  cash  by  express,  the  check  by  regis- 
tered mail,  and  a  note  of  explanation  stating  the  fact  of  nonpayment  and  return  of 
the  check  or  money  will  be  made  on  the  roll,  verified  by  the  signature  of  the  witness- 
ing officer.  The  same  course  will  be  pursued  should  a  soldier  decline  to  receive  his 
pay  or  if  for  any  other  reason  it  should  be  impracticable  to  deliver  it  to  him  in  person. 
When  a  paymaster  has  had  money  returned  to  him  in  such  cases  he  will  cancel  the 
signature  of  the  soldier  on  the  roll. 

Should  it  appear  from  the  pay  rolls  submitted  to  the  paymaster  that  the  term  of 
any  soldier  thereon  will  expire  and  he  be  discharged  before  the  pay  rolls  and  money 
can  be  received  back  at  the  post,  the  paymaster  will  ignore  the  man's  account  and 
erase  his  signature  from  the  "receipt"  column,  and  the  company  commander  i;i 
preparing  such  soldier's  final  statements  will  note  thereon  the  date  of  last  actual 
payment  and  not  the  date  of  expiration  of  muster  period  for  which  he  has  signed 
the  rolls. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 
■X-  *  -x-  -x-  *  *  * 

1531.  Every  soldier  in  the  Army  of  the  United  States  absent  on  distant  duty  shall 
be  allowed  to  allot  such  portion  of  his  pay  as  he  may  desire  for  the  support  of  his 
family  or  relatives,  for  his  own  savings,  or  for  any  other  purpose;  but  the  allotment 
privileges  to  soldiers  serving  within  the  boundaries  of  the  United  States  will  be 
limited  to  the  support  of  their  families  and  relatives. 


APPENDIX.  881 

[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 
*  *  *  ¥r  *  *  ;^ 

1533.  All  allotments  shall  be  executed  in  duplicate  and  witnessed  by  the  respective 
commanding  officers  specified  in  paragraph  1532,  one  copy  to  be  retained  by  said 
commanding  officers  and  the  other  to  be  forwarded  immediately  to  the  Paymaster 
General,  United  States  Army.  When  a  bank  is  designated  as  allottee  the  immediate 
commanding  officer  of  the  grantor  shall  furnish  the  bank  at  the  same  time  that  he 
furnishes  the  allotment  roll  to  the  Paymaster  General  with  the  signature  of  the 
grantor,  and  also  inform  the  bank  of  the  amount  and  period  of  allotment.  Such 
commanding  officer  shall  also,  if  possible,  satisfy  himself  that  the  bank  named  has 
an  existence.  An  allotment  shall  be  made  payable  on  the  last  day  of  each  month 
and  for  a  stated  period. 


[G.  O.  119,  Nov.  21,  1902.] 
******* 

1534.  On  the  death,  discharge,  or  desertion  of  a  soldier  who  has  an  allotment  run- 
ning the  allotment  ceases.  In  case  of  a  forfeiture  by  sentence  of  a  court-martial,  the 
allotment  or  so  much  thereof  as  is  required  to  meet  said  forfeiture  will  be  suspended 
during  the  period  of  the  sentence,  and  the  immediate  commanding  officers  will 
report  as  expeditiously  as  possible  to  department  or  corps  commanders  the  names  of 
grantors  whose  allotments  thus  cease  or  are  suspended,  as  well  as  cases  of  reduction 
of  grade  of  a  soldier  who  has  made  an  allotment  whereby  his  pay  has  become  less 
than  the  amount  he  has  allotted.  When  it  is  evident  that  there  will  be  time  for 
such  notification  to  reach  the  Paymaster-General  by  mail  by  the  end  of  the  month 
next  following  the  month  in  which  the  forfeiture  causing  suspension  occurs,  the 
company  commander  will  send  the  notification  by  mail,  but  when  time  does  not  so 
permit,  notification  by  cable  will  be  sent  by  the  department  or  corps  commander. 
When  the  balance  of  monthly  pay  is  sufficient  to  meet  the  monthly  allotment,  or 
when  forfeitures  or  other  stoppages  can  be  satisfied  from  that  portion  of  the  pay  of 
the  grantor  that  is  paid  to  himself  and  so  do  not  require  suspension  or  diminution 
of  the  allotment,  no  notification  will  be  sent  to  the  Paymaster-General.  When  a 
soldier  who  has  made  an  allotment  so  misbehaves  himself  as  to  incur  frequent  for- 
feitures of  pay,  his  company  commander  is  authorized  to  annul  his  allotment,  to  take 
effect  one  month  thereafter,  notifying  the  Paymaster-General  immediately  by  letter, 
stating  the  date  on  which  the  annulment  is  to  take  effect,  and  making  a  full  report 
of  the  case  to  the  department  or  corps  commander. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
* 


1608.  Special  instruction  in  the  duties  of  litter  bearers  and  the  methods  of  render- 
ing first  aid  to  the  sick  and  wounded  will  be  given  to  all  enlisted  men  of  the  line  of 
the  Army  by  their  company  officers  for  at  least  four  hours  in  each  month,  except 
that  such  instruction  for  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  seacoast  artillery  will  be 


382  APPENDIX. 

limited  to  one  hour  per  month.  Examinations  of  men  who  have  quahfied  will  be 
held,  from  time  to  time,  by  the  surgeon,  and  those  found  proficient  will  thereafter 
only  be  drilled  occasionally  to  verify  the  fact  that  the  knowledge  imparted  has  been 
retained. 


[G.  O.  82,  July  19,  1902.] 
*  *  * 


II. — By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  paragraphs    *    *    *    and  1671, 
of  the  Kegulations,  are  hereby  revoked. 


ORDERS  AND  CIRCULARS  RELATING  TO  AND 
AFFECTING  THE  ARMY  REGULATIONS  SINCE 
JULY  1,  1902,  TO  DECEMBER  31,  1902. 


[G.  O.  68,  July  5,  1902.] 

The  following  act  of  Congress  is  published  for  the  information  and  government  of 
all  concerned: 

AN  ACT  making  appropriation  for  the  support  of  the  Army  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June 
thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  three. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  Congress  assembled,  That  the  following  sums  be,  and  they  are  hereby,  appropriated, 
out  of  any  money  in  the  Treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  for  the  support  of  the 
Army  for  the  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  three: 


For  pay  of  officers  for  length  of  service,  to  be  paid  with  their  current  monthly 
pay,  one  million  sixty-five  thousand  four  hundred  and  twenty  dollars:  Provided, 
That  officers  appointed  to  the  Eegular  Army  from  the  volunteer  service,  whose 
service  has  been  continuous,  shall,  in  the  computation  of  leaves  of  absence  after 
their  appointment  in  the  Regular  Army,  be  entitled  to  the  leave  credits  which 
accrued  to  them  as  volunteer  officers  where  such  leave  credits  were  not  availed  of 
during  their  volunteer  service. 

{Par.  56,  A.  E.) 


For  traveling  expenses  of  paymasters'  clerks  and  expert  accountant  of  the  Inspector- 
General's  Department,  twenty-five  thousand  dollars:  Provided,  That  hereafter 
actual  expenses  only  shall  be  paid  to  paymasters'  clerks  and  the  expert  accountant 
of  the  Inspector-General's  Department  for  sea  travel  when  traveling  on  duty  to, 
from,  or  between  our  island  possessions. 

{Par.  818,  A.  R.) 


For  additional  ten  per  centum  increase  on  pay  of  commissioned  officers  serving  at 
f(jreign  stations,  f(jur  luindred  and  fifty-one  thousand  four  hundred  and  fifty-six 
dollars:  Provided,  That  hereafter  the  pay  proper  of  all  commissioned  officers  and 
enlisted  men  serving  beyond  the  limits  of  the  States  comprising  the  Union  and  the 
Territories  of  the  United  States  contiguous  thereto  shall  be  increased  ten  per  centum 
for  officers  and  twenty  per  centum  for  enlisted  men  over  and  above  the  rates  of  pay 
proper  as  fixed  by  law  for  time  of  peace,  and  the  time  of  such  service  shall  be  counted 
from  the  date  of  departure  from  said  States  to  the  date  of  return  thereto. 

{Par.  1449,  A.  R.) 


*  -jt  * 

Approved,  June  30,  1902. 


383 


384  APPENDIX. 

[G.  O.  76,  July  12,  1902.] 

The  following  acts  and  joint  resolutions  of  Congress  are  published  for  the  infor- 
mation and  government  of  all  concerned : 

*  *  *  -x-  *  *  * 

VII.  AN  ACT  to  authorize  the  Secretary  of  War  to  furnish  certificates  in  lieu  of  lost  or  destroyed 
discharges. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  Congress  assembled,  That  whenever  satisfactory  proof  shall  be  furnished  to  the  War 
Department  that  any  officer  or  enlisted  man  who  has  been  or  shall  hereafter  be  hon- 
orably discharged  from  the  military  service  of  the  United  States  has  lost  his  certificate 
of  discharge,  or  the  same  has  been  destroyed  without  his  privity  or  procurement, 
the  Secretary  of  War  shall  be  authorized  to  furnish  to  such  officer  or  enlisted  man, 
or  to  the  widow  of  such  officer  or  enlisted  man,  a  certificate  of  such  discharge,  to  be 
indelibly  marked,  so  that  it  may  be  known  as  a  certificate  in  lieu  of  a  lost  or  destroyed 
discharge:  Provided,  That  such  certificate  shall  not  be  accepted  as  a  voucher  for  the 
payment  of  any  claim  against  the  United  States  for  pay,  bounty,  or  other  allowance, 
or  as  evidence  in  any  other  case. 

Approved,  July  1,  1902. 

{Par.  155,  A.  P.) 

•X-  *  *  *  *  *  * 


[G.  O.  77,  July  14,  1902.] 

The  department  and  army  infantry  competitions,  provided  for  in  the  "Firing 
Regulations  for  Small  Arms,  1898,"  will  be  resumed. 

The  department  and  army  cavalry  competitions  and  the  officers'  competitions  will 
not  be  held  this  year. 

The  department  infantry  competitions  will  be  timed  so  as  to  terminate  before 
August  7. 

The  army  infantry  competition  will  take  place  at  Fort  Sheridan,  Illinois,  com- 
mencing August  18,  preceded  by  the  usual  preliminary  practice,  and  will  be  under 
the  supervision  of  the  commanding  general.  Department  of  the  Lakes,  who  is 
charged  with  the  arrangements  of  all  the  necessary  details,  and  upon  completion 
of  the  competitions  will  order  all  connected  with  them  to  return  to  their  respective 
stations. 

The  competitors  will  be  directed  to  report  by  their  respective  department  com- 
manders at  Fort  Sheridan  not  later  than  August  14. 

So  far  as  practicable  details  of  officers  and  enlisted  men  for  duty  in  connection 
with  the  competitions  will  be  made  from  the  garrison  of  the  post  at  which  the  com- 
petition IS  held.  Where  it  is  not  possible  to  complete  the  details  from  the  post  at 
which  the  competition  is  to  take  place  additional  details  may  be  made  from  a  post 
or  posts  nearest  to  the  place  of  contest. 

The  travel  herein  directed  is  necessary  for  the  public  service. 

{Par.  416,  A.  P.) 


[G.  O.  92,  Aug.  7,  1902.] 

I.  By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  when  a  sergeant  of  the  post  non- 
commissioned staff  is  discharged  the  officer  under  w' hose  orders  he  is  serving  will,  as 
early  as  practicable,  notify  the  head  of  the  staff  department  to  which  the  sergeant 


APPENDIX.  385 

belongs  of  the  fact  of  his  discharge,  setting  forth  the  date,  place,  and  cause  and 
whether  or  not  the  soldier  reenlisted. 
{Par.  Ill,  A.  R.) 


[a.  O.  115,  Nov.  12,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  a  training  school  for  farriers  and  blacksmiths 
is  hereby  established  at  Fort  Riley,  Kansas,  in  connection  with  the  School  of  Appli- 
cation for  Cavalry  and  Field  Artillery.  _    _ 

The  classes  under  instruction  will  be  composed  of  men  specially  recommended 
for  that  purpose,  to  be  detached  from  the  various  organizations  of  cavalry  and  field 
artillery  in  active  service,  and  of  specially  selected  recruits.  The  number  of  men 
under  instruction  from  time  to  time  will  be  regulated  by  the  accommodations 
available  at  the  post,  both  with  reference  to  the  facilities  for  instruction  and  the 
providing  of  quarters  for  the  men  with  the  various  organizations  serving  at  the  post. 

The  Quartermaster's  Department  will  provide  such  facilities  and  material  as  may 
be  necessary  to  establish  the  school  at  an  early  date.  Thereafter  requisitions  for 
material  w^ill  take  the  usual  course.  The  commanding  officer  will  report  from  time 
to  time  on  the  needs  of  this  training  school  with  a  view  to  perfecting  its  methods 
and  equipment. 

Recommendations  for  the  detail  of  men  for  instruction  from  the  various  organiza- 
tions in  active  service  will  be  sent  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  in  order 
that  the  number  to  be  ordered  for  instruction  from  time  to  time  may  not  exceed  the 
accommodations  available  at  the  post. 

{Par.  541,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  121,  Nov.  24,  1902. J 

I.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  instructions  for  the  prepa- 
ration of  ration  returns  of  civilian  employees  are  published  to  the  Army  for  the 
information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

Officers  submitting  ration  returns  of  civilian  employees  will  certify  thereon  that 
the  rate  of  pay  does  not  exceed  sixty  dollars  per  month;  that  the  circumstances  of 
the  service  make  the  issue  of  a  ration  in  kind  necessary;  and  that  the  terms  of 
engagement  provide  for  such  issue,  as  required  by  paragraph  1378  of  the  Army 
Regulations. 

In  the  case  of  ration  returns  for  officers  and  crews  of  seagoing  tugs  the  certificate 
will  state,  in  addition  to  the  foregoing,  that  the  men  are  entitled  to  rations  under 
paragraph  146,  Regulations  for  the  Army  Transport  Service. 

{Pars.  1S78 and  1398,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  121,  Nov.  24,  1902.] 

*  *  *  ¥r  ¥:  *  Ik 

II.  Bydiiection  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  instructions  relative  to 
experimental  ordnance  stores  issued  to  troops  for  trial  are  published  for  the  infor- 
mation of  all  concerned : 

Whenever  experimental  ordnance  stores  issued  to  troops  for  trial  have  been  thor- 
oughly tested  and  reports  rendered,  the  officers  charged  with  responsibility  for  such 
stores  should  report  the  facts  to  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  U.  S.  Army,  through  military 
channels,  in  order  that  proper  instructions  for  turning  in  the  stores  in  case  no  further 
trials  are  necessary  can  be  given. 

{Par.  1695,  A.  R.) 

ii2778— 03 25 


386  APPENDIX. 

[G.  O.  123,  Dec.  5,  1902.] 

■St  -X-  *  •  -X-  ¥r  *  * 

II.  In  addition  to  the  articles  named  in  paragraph  1404  of  the  Regulations 
(amended  by  General  Orders,  No.  130,  October  3,  1901,  from  this  office),  porpoise 
shoestrings  will,  by  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  be  issued  to  general  prisoners 
when  necessary,  without,  however,  exceeding  the  fifty  cents  allowed  per  month  by 
the  Regulations  for  articles  authorized  to  be  so  supplied. 

{Par.  1404,  A.  B.) 


[G.  O.  125,  Dec.  11,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  remarks  of  the  board 
of  officers  of  November  20,  1902,  on  medals  of  honor  and  certificates  of  merit,  upon 
the  subject  of  the  award  of  medals  of  honor,  are  published  to  the  Army  for  the 
information  of  all  concerned : 

*  ^t  -St  -x-  *  *  ^ 

■  An  examination  of  the  published  list  of  "  Medals  of  honor,  issued  by  the  War  Department,  up  to 
and  including  October  31,  1897,"  shows  that  some  medals  have  been  awarded  for  "soldier-like 
qualities"  under  the  provisions  of  the  resolution  of  Congress  approved  July  12,  1862.  Under  the 
regulations  of  the  President  dated  June  26,  1897,  published  as  paragraph  195  of  the  Army  Regulations 
of  1901  (copy  inclosed),  medals  of  honor  can  not  now  be  awarded  solely  for  "soldier-like  qualities," 
neither  can  they  be  awarded  for  some  of  the  deeds  mentioned  in  the  published  list  referred  to,  for 
which  medfcls  were  conferred  prior  to  1897.  The  regulations  of  the  President  are  based  upon  the  act 
of  Congress  approved  March  3,  1863,  which  authorized  the  President  to  present  medals  of  honor  to 
"such  officers,  noncommissioned  officers,  and  privates  as  ha^e  most  distinguished,  or  who  may  here- 
after most  distinguish  themselves  in  action,"  and  applications  are  classified  as  follows: 

1.  Those  for  services  rendered  prior  to  January  1,  1890. 

2.  Those  for  services  rendered  subsequent  to  January  1,  1890.  • 

3.  Those  for  services  rendered  after  June  30,  1897. 

Those  of  the  first  class  embrace  the  civil- war  period,  and  in  most  of  these  cases  there  is  an  entire 
lack  of  record  evidence  of  individual  acts  of  heroism;  that  is,  of  any  kind  of  a  record  of  such  acts 
made  at  the  time.  There  was  no  regulation  on  the  subject  until  1897,  and  the  great  majority  of  cases 
rest  upon  the  affidavits  of  witnesses,  embodying  statements  of  their  recollection  of  events  that 
occurred  more  than  thirty-six  years  ago.  With  reference  to  cases  subsequent  to  January  1, 1890,  the 
regulations  require  recommendations  to  be  made  at  the  time  of  the  action,  while  cases  arising  after  June 
30, 1897,  are  required  to  be  forwarded  within  one  year  after  the  performance  of  the  act  for  which  the 
award  is  claimed,  through  regular  channels,  with  the  opinion  of  the  commanding  officers  indorsed 
thereon,  after  thorough  investigation. 

If  a  regulation  had  been  in  force  during  the  civil  war  with  requirements  similar  to  those  applying 
to  cases  since  June  30,  1897,  no  doubt  many  would  have  received  medals  who  are  now  unable  to 
furnish  satisfactory  evidence,  and  many  now  dead  would  have  been  thus  honored.  As  a  conse- 
quence, numerous  unrecorded  heroes  are  discriminated  against  when  medals  are  awarded  for  service 
during  the  civil  war  upon  applications  filed  long  after  the  event. 

The  difficulties  involved  in  the  decision  of  cases  of  this  class  are  great,  but  the  board  has  been  aided 
and  guided  in  the  consideration  of  cases  referred  to  it  by  the  paragraph  (195)  of  the  regulations 
referred  to  and  by  the  following  decisions  of  Secretaries  and  Assistant  Secretaries  of  War: 

Assistant  Secretary  Doe,  January  11,  1894  (R.  &  P.,  379769): 

"It  does  not  seem  to  me  that  Congressional  medals  of  honor  were  intended  to  be  given  to  officers 
for  leading  their  commands  in  action,  whatever  measure  of  gallantry  may  have  been  shown  in  such 
leadership.  As  I  view  the  law,  these  medals  were  intended  as  rewards  for  conspicuous  acts  of  per- 
sonal bravery  or  self-sacrifice  rather  beyond  the  mere  call  of  duty,  and  not  for  acts  wholly  within 
the  line  of  official  duty,  however  nobly  performed.  The  application  in  this  case  is  therefore  denied. 
While  the  records  show  most  gallant  and  meritorious  service,  yet  the  case  does  not  fall  within  either 
the  letter  or  the  spirit  of  the  law  in  reference  to  medals  of  honor." 

Assistant  Secretary  Doe,  January  22,  1894  (R.  &  P.,  379769): 

"I  do  not  concur  in  the  argument  or  assertion  that  it  would  be  dangerous  to  military  discipline  to 
encourage  the  belief  that  these  medals  are  offered  by  the  Government  for  service  rather  beyond  the 
mere  call  of  duty,  or  that  such  offer  would  induce  officers  or  soldiers  to  do  'not  the  duty  which  they 
had  been  ordered  or  required  to  do,  but  some  other  act  calculated  to  attract  attention.'  The  argu- 
ment does  not  commend  itself  to  my  judgment,  for  I  believe  that  the  American  officer,  as  well  as 
enlisted  man,  as  an  almost  universal  rule,  is  devoted  and  faithful  to  his  duty  in  the  highest  sense  of 
the  word,  and  no  merely  possible  reward  for  an  exceptionally  gallant  or  distinguished  act  of  heroism 
or  devotion  will  lead  him  aside  from,  or  cause  him  to  neglect,  his  plain  duty. 


APPENDIX.  387 

"I  am  perfectly  nware  that  it  is  not  generally  the  dnty  of  offieers  of  high  rank  to  lead  their  troops 
in  action;  but  when,  in  great  emergencies,  the  presence  at  the  head  of  his  troojis  of  the  commanding 
officer  is  necesstiry  to  encourage  his  men,  'it  becomes  his  duty  to  lead  them  in  the  assault;'  and  since 
it  becomes  his  duty,  and  since  nearly  every  officer  in  the  American  armies  during  the  last  war  gal- 
lantly fulfilled  that  duty,  I  do  not  believe  that  such  a  case  is  what  Congress  contemplated  in  the  act 
above  referred  to.  If  a  medal  of  honor  were  awarded  to  every  officer  who  bravely  led  his  troops  in 
action  the  number  provided  for  by  Congress  would  be  far  too  small,  as  the  officers  who  had  the 
opportunity  to  so  lead  and  failed  to  do  so  are  indeed  hard  to  find.  If  a  commanding  officer  be  entitled 
to  this  decoration  simply  because  in  an  emergency,  perhaps,  he  gallantly  led  his  men  forward  to 
the  attack,  wherein  has  he  'most  distinguished'  himself  above  the  gallant  men  who  followed  him? 
They  did  their  duty;  did  he  do  more?" 

Secretary  Alger,  February  9,  1897  (R.  &  P.,  467908):  ~ 

"It  does  not  seem  to  me  that  Congressional  medals  of  honor  were  intended  to  be  given  to  officers 
for  leading  their  commands  in  action,  whatever  measure  of  gallantry  may  have  been  shown  in  such  leader- 
ship. As  I  view  the  law  these  medals  were  intended  as  rewards  for  conspicuous  acts  of  personal  brav- 
ery or  self-sacrifi(!e  rather  beyond  the  mere  call  of  duty,  and  not  for  acts  wholly  within  the  line  of 
official  duty,  however  nobly  performed." 
Secretary  Alger,  July  21, 1897  (R.  &  P.,  477750): 

*  *  *  "the  papers  filed  do  not  point  out  any  'particular  deed  of  most  distinguished  gallantry  in 
action'  wherein  the  general  distinguished  himself  above  other  leaders  of  regiments,  brigades,  and 
divisions  in  battle." 

Secretary  Alger,  July  28,  1897  (R.  &  P.,  469701): 

"That  the  captain  gave  an  order  to  retreat  at  the  right  moment  and  so  saved  some  250  brave  men 
from  capture  seems  evident.  This  shows  a  clear  head  and  prompt  action,  but  wherein  it  shows  m^re 
distinguished  gallantry  than  should  be  awarded  to  other  brave  men  at  his  side  who  had  assaulted 
the  enemy's  works  to  reach  the  advanced  position  is  not  apparent." 

Secretary  Alger,  August  4,  1897  (R.  &  P.,  484167): 

"The  law  and  present  regulations  clearly  require  that,  to  earn  the  medal,  service  shall  have  been 
performed  of  such  a  conspicuous  character  as  to  clearly  distinguish  the  man  for  gallantry  above  his 
comrades.'' 

Secretary  Alger,  August  17, 1897  (R.  &  P.,  472608): 

^A  very  careful  examination  of  the  official  and  other  evidence  filed  respecting  the  Port  Hudson 
assault  of  May  27,  1863,  convinces  me  that  to  grant  medals  to  the  volunteer  participants  in  that  assault 
would  be  an  unjust  discrimination  against  the  rest  of  the  Army  who  also  assaulted,  incurring  great 
danger  and  suffering  the  heavier  loss." 

Secretary  Alger,  August  28,  1897  (R.  &  P.,  490506): 

*  *  *  "it  will  be  necessary  that  the  claim  for  the  medal  shall  be  based  upon  some  particular 
deed  of  most  conspicuous  gallantry  wherein  General  *  *  *  's  services  were  distinguished  for  gal- 
lantry and  intrepidity  above  his  comrades  in  battle." 

Secretary  Alger,  September  8,  1897.     (R.  &  P.,  489,459) : 

"  It  has  been  repeatedly  held  that  the  medal  can  be  earned  only  through  the  performance  of  some 
particular  deed  of  valor  wherein  service  beyond  or  above  the  requirements  of  duty  was  performed." 

Secretary  Alger,  September  1:^,  1897.     (R.  &  P.,  491,356): 

''The  brave  discharge  of  duty  in  battle  is  not  by  itself  sufficient  to  earn  the  medal;  something  above  and 
beyond  what  can  be  required  of  a  man  by  his  superiors  is  necessary  that  the  medal  may  be  earned." 

Secretary  Alger,  October  16,  1897.     (R.  &  P.,  494,880): 

"  It  has  been  repeatedly  held  that  the  Congressional  medals  of  honor  were  7iot  intended  for  officers  for 
leading  their  commands  in  action,  whatever  measure  of  bravery  they  displayed  in  such  leadership,  but 
instead  were  intended  for  bestowal  in  recognition  of  most  conspicuous  acts  of  personal  bravery  or 
self-sacrifice  above  or  beyond  the  mere  call  of  duty." 

Secretary  Alger,  October  26,  1897.    (R.  &  P.,  488,270): 

"As  a  member  of  a  field  battery  in  action  it  was  your  plain  duty  to  make  every  possible  effort  to 
prevent  the  guns  from  falling  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  Wherein  your  services  were  more  con- 
spicuous than  those  of  the  other  men  whom  you  say  assisted  you  is  not  made  plain." 

Secretary  Alger,  October  30,  1897.     (R.  &  P.,  491,349): 

"  It  has  been  repeatedly  held  that  service  requisite  to  earn  the  Congressional  medal  shall  have  been 
some  most  conspicuous  act  of  gallantry  wherein  the  man  exhibited  bravery  and  self-sacrifice  above 
or  beyond  the  line  of  duty." 

Secretary  Alger,  November  13,  1897.     (R.  &  P  ,  476,155): 

"It  has  been  repeatedly  held  that  the  Congressional  medals  of  honor  were  not  to  be  presented 
to  officers  for  bravely  leading  their  troops  in  action,  no  matter  what  measure  of  bravery  may  have  been  dis- 
played, for  this  service  is  due  from  the  officer  as  a  leader,  but  instead  that  the  medals  are  to  be  con- 
ferred for  most  conspicuous  acts  of  personal  gallantry  or  self-sacrifice  rather  beyond  or  above  the 
mere  call  of  duty." 


388  APPENDIX. 

Secretary  Alger,  March  8,  1898.     (R.  «fe  P.,  511,574): 

"The  proof  must  *  *  *  show  clearly  conduct  most  distinguished  for  gallantry.  Simple  per- 
formance of  duty  and  brave  leadership  in  battle  is  inadequate  to  earn  the  medal." 

Secretary  Alger,  March  28,  1898.     (R.  &  P.,  502,479): 

"  Your  course  in  Incurring  great  personal  danger  rather  than  surrender  to  the  enemy  at  the  time 
you  became  separated  from  your  command  shows  a  b-ave  discharge  of  duty,  and  the  only  course 
that  with  dignity  and  honor  could  have  been  adopted  by  a  valiant  soldier." 

Secretary  Alger,  March  28,  1898.     (R.  &  P.,  504,880) : 

"  It  is  clearly  established  by  the  records  that  the  men  of  this  battery  all  behaved  gallantly,  although 
they  lost  some  of  their  guns;  but  this  case  as  presented  does  not  show  most  distinguished  gallantry 
by  any  member  of  the  organization,  and  the  law  contemplates  bestowal  of  the  medal  only  upon  those 
who  thus  distinguish  themselves." 

Secretary  Alger,  March  28,  1898.     (R.  &  P.,  465,004): 

"  His  service  on  that  occasion  consisted  in  a  brave  discharge  of  duty.  That  it  was  attended  with 
great  jeoi)ardy  is  evident,  but  exposure  to  great  danger  by  aids-de-camp  on  the  battlefield  was  to  be 
expected,  and  the  great  mortality  among  personal  staff  officers  proves  that  their  work  was  most  haz- 
ardous. In  what  respect  Mr.  *  *  *  'g  services  were  7nore  conspicuous  for  gallantry  than  was  due 
from  an  aid-de-camp  in  his  situation  or  than  the  services  of  personal  staff  officers  in  many  thousands 
of  cases  is  not  shown  by  the  evidence." 

Assistant  Secretary  Meiklejohn,  April  19,  1898.     (R.  &  P.,  514,612): 

"  The  evidence  submitted  proved  conclusively  that  Major  *  *  *  was  a  gallant  officer,  that  the 
men  of  his  company  were  gallant,  and  that  his  regiment  made  an  enviable  record  for  efficiency  and 
bravery;  but  wherein  the  Major  Avas  more  distinguished  for  gallantry  than  his  comrades  does  not 
appear.  I  can  not  see  that  more  is  shown  on  behalf  of  Major  *  *  *  than  was  due  from  him  at 
Corinth  and  Atlanta." 

Secretary  Root,  November  17,  1899  (R.  &  P.,  515790): 

"While  the  service  rendered  by  Major  *  *  *  on  that  occasion,  in  obedience  to  orders  from  his 
commanding  officer,  was  highly  commendable,  nevertheless  it  does  not  appear  to  have  been  of  such 
a  conspicuous  character  as  to  clearly  distinguish  him  for  gallantry  and  intrepidity  above  his  fellows." 

A^istant  Secretary  Sanger,  April  17,  1901  (R.  &  P.,  498838): 

"  There  is  no  doubt  that  Colonel  *  *  *  and  his  command  made  a  brilliant  and  successful  charge 
on  the  occasion  in  question,  and  that  the  commander's  service  was  most  gallant  and  his  leadership 
intrepid.  But,  granting  all  this,  and  that  his  conduct  was  all  that  it  is  claimed  to  have  been,  the  fact 
remains  that  he  did  not  perform  any  act  of  '  such  a  conspicuous  character  as  to  clearly  distinguish 
him  for  gallantry  and  intrepidity  ai)ove  his  comrades,'  for  which  alone  the  medal  can  be  awarded  under 
existing  regulations." 

Assistant  Secretary  Sanger,  June  19,  1901  (R.  &  P.,  642006): 

"  But,  assuming  that  Colonel  *  *  *  's  account  of  the  battle  was  in  every  detail  accurate,  the  fact 
would  still  remain  that  Captain  *  *.  *  received  an  order  to  do  a  certain  thing,  which  was  to  charge 
the  enemy's  flank  and  hold  him  in  check,  thus  preventing  an  overwhelming  attack  upon  the  infan- 
try, and  assuming  that  this  action  was  performed  at  the  risk  of  the  annihilation  of  the  entire  com- 
mand and  that  it  saved  the  day,  it  would  still  remain  an  act  of  heroic  and  gallant  performance  of 
duty  by  an  officer,  in  obedience  to  orders,  in  accordance  with  which  he  displayed  intrepid  leadership. 
Under  the  rules  which  have  governed  the  award  of  medals  of  honor  it  has  been  repeatedly  decided 
by  the  War  Department  that  gallant  performance  of  duty,  including  brave  leadership  in  battle,  does 
not  justify  the  award  of  the  medal." 

In  the  light  of  these  decisions  the  board,  considering  each  case  upon  its  merits,  has  confined  rec- 
ommendations for  favorable  action  to  cases  of  most  distinguished  personal  bravery  or  self-sacrifice 
above  or  beyond  the  call  of  duty,  including  particular  deeds  of  gallantry  so  conspicuous  as  to  clearly 
distinguish  the  soldier  above  his  comrades,  involving  risk  of  life  or  the  performance  of  more  than 
ordinary  hazardous  duty,  and  which  if  omitted  or  refused  to  be  done  would  not  justly  subject  the 
person  to  censure  as  for  shortcoming  or  failure  in  the  performance  of  his  duty. 
Very  respectfully, 

S.  B.  M.  Young, 
Major- General,  U.  S.  Army,  President. 
Wallace  F.  Randoplh, 

Chief  of  Artillery,  Member. 
John  Tweedale, 
Major,  Assistant  Chief,  Record  and  Pension  Office,  Member  and  Recorder. 

H.  A.  Greene, 
Major  of  Infantry,  U.  S.  Army,  Assistant  Adjutant-General,  Member. 

{Par.  195.,  A.  E,) 


APPENDIX.  389 

[G.  O.  127,  Deo.  16,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  for  the  information 
and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

1.  The  necessity  for  the  close  restriction  upon  recruiting  for  the  Army  imposed  by 
General  Orders,  No.  108,  October  25,  1902  from  this  ofl&ce,  having  now  passed,  active 
recruiting  for  all  arms  will  be  resumed  as  follows: 

At  military  posts,  under  the  provisions  of  paragraphs  953  and  954  of  the  Regula- 
tions. 

At  city  stations  of  the  general  recruiting  service,  under  such  special  instructions 
regarding  the  same  as  have  been  or  may  be  given  from  time  to  time  by  the  Adjutant 
General. 

2.  Until  further  orders  persons  under  the  age  of  twenty-one  years  will  not  be 
enlisted,  and  extreme  caution  must  be  exercised  in  the  cases  of  young  men  applying 
for  enlistment  who  daim  to  be  twenty-one  years  of  age  or  a  few  months  over  that 
age.  The  unsupported  statements  of  such  applicants  must  not  be  accepted,  but  to  be 
eligible  for  enlistment  they  must  furnish  competent  proof  to  remove  any  doubt 
regarding  age. 

3.  Enlistments  and  reenlistments  must  be  without  conditions,  and  no  promise  must 
be  made  to  men  upon  enlistment  regarding  service  at  home  or  abroad,  as  they  will 
be  assigned  according  to  the  best  interests  of  the  service. 

{Pars.  958  and  954,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  129,  Dec.  18,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  instructions  relative  to  ice 
machines  in  the  Army  are  published  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  con- 
cerned: 

1.  All  ice  machines  and  their  equipment  now  on  hand  and  under  the  management 
and  control  of  the  Medical  Department  at  posts  or  stations  in  the  Philippine  Islands 
and  Porto  Rico  will  l)e  transferred  without  delay  to  the  representatives  of  the  Quar- 
termaster's Department  at  such  i)osts  or  stations  and  be  taken  up  and  accounted  for 
thereafter  on  their  returns  as  quartermaster's  property. 

2.  From  and  after  the  date  the  transfer  is  effected  in  each  case  the  plant  will  be 
operated  and  controlled  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  and  all  expenses  for  its 
operation  and  maintenance  will  be  borne  from  the  appropriations  of  that  department. 

3.  Any  new  plans  or  additional  machinery  required  in  connection  therewith  in  the 
insular  possessions  will  hereafter  be  provided  and  operated  by  the  Quartermaster's 
Department. 

4.  Medical  officers  and  quartermasters  will  make  the  transfers  above  directed  on 
regular  invoices  and  receipts. 

5.  All  outstanding  indebtedness  contracted  by  the  Medical  Department  on  account 
of  the  ice  machines  under  its  control  in  the  insular  possessions,  prior  to  the  transfers 
above  directed,  as  a  charge  upon  the  ice  fund,  will  be  paid  from  the  said  fund  at  the 
several  posts  as  soon  as  practicable,  and  after  all  such  bills  are  paid  the  balances 
thereof  remaining  will  be  disposed  of  as  follows:  The  balance  at  San  Juan,  Porto 
Rico,  will  be  transferred  to  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Army;  the  balances  at  the 
posts  in  the  Division  of  the  Philippines  to  the  chief  surgeon  of  the  division,  to  be  by 
him  transmitted  to  the  Surgeon-General  when  all  the  charges  against  the  same  shall 
have  been  finally  paid. 

6.  The  product  of  the  ice  machines  operated  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department 
will  be  issued  to  the  hospitals,  the  different  organizations,  noncommissioned  staff 
officers,  offices,  post  schools,  and  workshops.  After  these  uses  are  met  any  surplus 
ice  may  be  sold  at  avt^rage  cost  i)rice  to  oflicers  or  their  families,  to  post  exchanges, 


390  APPENDIX. 

and  to  civilian  employees,  and  the  proceeds  of  such  sales  will  be  deposited  to  the 
credit  of  the  Treasurer  of  the  United  States.  The  quantity  of  ice  issued  to  hospitals, 
organizations,  noncommissioned  staff  officers,  offices,  schools,  and  workshoi)s  will  be 
regulated  by  the  post  commander  and  based  upon  the  product  obtained  from  the 
plant  by  judicious  and  economical  operation.  The  supply  for  hospital  use  will  be 
paramount  to  all  other  uses  and  will  be  given  preference  in  all  cases  where  a  reduc- 
tion of  issue  becomes  necessary.  Post  commanders  will  give  their  personal  attention 
to  the  management  of  the  ice  machines  and  take  care  that  expenses  of  every  kind 
incident  to  their  operation  are  limited  to  actual  requirements,  and  that  waste  or 
unauthorized  issues  of  the  ice  are  prevented. 

7.  Ice  machines  required  for  the  benefit  of  the  sick  at  Army  posts  in  the  United 
States  proper  will  be  provided  and  operated  as  heretofore  by  the  Medical  Department.' 

{Pars.  1392,  1395,  and  14^6  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  130,  Dec.  29,  1902.] 

I.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  indorsement  from  the  hon- 
orable the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  further  extending  the  time  within  which 
accounts  of  disbursing  officers  of  the  War  Department  may  be  rendered,  is  published 
to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Treasury  Department,  December  16,  190^. 
,  Respectfully  returned  to  the  honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

The  provisions  of  the  orders  of  this  Department  of  May  4, 1898;  May  17,  1899;  December  26,  1899; 
December  21,  1900,  and  December  11,  1901,  relaxing  the  requirements  as  to  the  rendition  of  accounts 
of  disbursing  officers  of  the  War  Department  for  expenses  pertaining  to  the  military  establishment, 
are  hereby  extended  to  the  close  of  the  calendar  year  ending  December  31,  1903. 

L.  M.  Shaw,  Secretary. 

The  decisions  referred  to  in  the  foregoing  indorsement  were  published  in  paragraph 
II,  General  Orders,  No.  36,  May  7,  1898;  paragraph  II,  General  Orders,  No.  98,  May 
26,  1899;  paragraph  I,  General  Orders,  No.  211,  December  29,  1899;  paragraph  I, 
General  Orders,  No.  1,  January  3,  1901,  and  paragraph  I,  General  Orders,  No.  1, 
January  8,  1902,  from  this  office. 

II,  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  only  the  depot  commissary,  Manila, 
Philippine  Islands,  so  far  as  the  Subsistence  Department  is  concerned,  is  authorized 
to  avail  himself  of  the  foregoing  relaxation  of  the  law  granted  by  the  honorable  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury  as  to  the  rendition  of  money  accounts  during  the  calendar 
year  ending  December  31, 1903.  All  other  money  accounts  in  the  Subsistence  Depart- 
ment will  be  rendered  within  ten  days  after  the  close  of  the  month,  as  required  by 
paragraph  709,  Army  Regulations. 

{Par.  709,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  131,  Dec.  30,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  officers  of  the  Army  charged  with  the  prepa- 
ration of  discharge  certificates  of  enlisted  men  who  were  discharged  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  and  who  there  reentered  the  service  of  the  United  States  prior  to  March  2, 
1901  (act  of  March  2,  1901,  General  Orders,  No.  26,  of  1901),  will  note  thereon,  under 
the  caption  of  "Military  Record"  in  the  space  designated  "Remarks,"  the  place  of 
last  preceding  enlistment  in  the  United  States,  and  on  the  discharge  certificates  of  en- 
listed men  who  entered  the  service  after  March  2, 1901,  the  place  of  enlistment  under 
current  discharge,  in  order  that  officers  of  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  to  whom 
persons  entitled  to  be  returned  to  the  Philippine  Islands  may  present  themselves 
with  request  for  transportation  and  subsistence  thereto,  may  be  enabled  to  determine 


APPENDIX.  391 

at  once  whether  or  not  they  come  under  the  provisions  of  paragraph  5,  Circular,  No. 
37,  August  25,  1902,  from  this  office. 

Men  enhsted  in  the  Philippine  Islands  after  March  2,  1901,  and  discharged  in  the 
United  States  comprise  the  only  class  entitled  to  transportation  and  subsistence  back 
to  the  Philippine  Islands,  as  they  come  under  the  provisions  of  the  general  law  gov- 
erning travel  allowances. 

Men  discharged  in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  who  there  reenlisted  prior  to  March 
2,  1901,  are,  when  discharged  in  the  United  States,  entitled  to  land-travelallowances 
only  from  place  of  discharge  to  place  of  last  j^receding  enlistment  in  the  United  States. 

Transportation  to  the  Philippine  Islands  under  this  order  and  General  Orders,  No. 
15,  February  12,  1902,  from  this  office,  will,  however,  not  be  furnished  after  the 
expiration  of  one  year  from  date  of  discharge,  and  persons  entitled  thereto  will  be 
required  to  embark  on  the  first  available  transport  sailing  after  date  of  permit. 

The  officer  issuing  the  transportation  will  note  that  fact  on  the  discharge  certificate 
and  the  transport  quartermaster  and  commissary  the  fact  that  subsistence  has  been 
furnished. 

{Pars.  162  mid  737,  A.  R.) 


[G.  O.  132,  Dec.  31,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  General  Orders,  No.  81,  July  17,  1902,  from 
this  office,  publishing  the  regulations  for  the  uniform  of  the  Army  (amended  by 
General  Orders,  No.  95,  August  13,  1902,  from  this  office),  is  further  amended  as 
hereinafter  indicated.  It  will  take  effect  on  July  1,  1903,  by  which  date  all  officers 
will  be  uniformed  and  equipped  as  herein  provided.  Officers  now  serving  in  the 
Philippines  and  Alaska  will  be  allowed  to  wear  the  uniform  hitherto  prescribed 
during  the  continuance  of  duty  there. 

Issues  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  of  the  various  articles  of  uniform  for 
the  enlisted  men,  wherein  changes  have  been  made,  will  commence  as  soon  as  the 
present  available  supply  of  corresponding  articles  shall  have  been  exhausted. 

(A)  GENERAL  REGULATIONS. 

1.  The  garments,  head  gear,  foot  gear,  ornaments,  insignia,  buttons,  decorations, 
and  other  articles  herein  specified,  grouped  in  the  manner  prescribed,  will  constitute 
the  uniforms  of  the  United  States  Army,  and  will  be  worn  on  the  occasions  prescribed 
(see  Table  of  Occasions)  unless  otherwise  directed  by  proper  authority. 

The  various  articles  will  conform  in  quality,  design,  and  color  to  the  sealed  stand- 
ard patterns  deposited  in  the  War  Department. 

2.  The  proper  dress  will  be  determined  by  the  commanding  officer  with  due  regard 
to  prescribed  regulations  (see  Table  of  occasions),  the  season  of  the  year,  and  the 
state  of  the  weather. 

Officers  will  conform  to  the  dress  of  the  troops  of  their  stations  and  will,  by  their 
appearance,  set  an  example  of  neatness  and  strict  conformity  to  regulations  in  uni- 
form and  equij)ment. 

All  officers  not  serving  with  troops  shall,  during  the  hours  of  duty  (from  9  a.  m. 
to  4  p.  m. ),  wear  the  prescribed  uniform. 

3.  When  officers  or  enlisted  men  wear  civilian  dress,  it  will  not  be  accompanied 
by  any  mark  or  part  of  the  uniform.  Enlisted  men,  on  or  off  duty,  will  not  wear 
civilian  dress  without  permission  of  their  commanding  officer. 

4.  No  decoration  received  from  a  foreign  government  shall  be  worn  by  officers  or 
men  while  on  duty  with  United  States  troops. 

5.  Medals  of  honor  may  be  worn  by  officers  and  enlisted  men  entitled  to  them,  on 


392  ■  APPENDIX. 

all  occasions  of  ceremony  in  full  dress;  the  medal  to  be  attached  to  the  coat  at  a  point 
1  inch  below  the  opening  of  the  collar. 

6.  The  various  distinctive  marks  given  for  excellence  in  rifle  practice  may  be  worn 
on  the  breast  by  officers  and  enlisted  men  entitled  to  them,  on  all  occasions  of  cere- 
mony, in  the  manner  prescribed  in  the  next  paragraph;  they  will  precede  all  badges 
of  military  societies  (from  the  wearer's  right  to  left),  and  will  be  preceded  by  badges 
of  campaigns  which  may  be  adopted  by  the  War  Department. 

7.  Badges  of  military  societies. — Officers  and  enlisted  men  who,  in  their  own  right  or 
by  right  of  inheritance,  are  members  of  military  societies  of  men  who  served  in  the 
armies  and  navies  of  the  United  States  in  the  war  of  the  Eevolution,  the  war  of  1812, 
the  Mexican  war,  the  war  of  rebellion,  or  the  Indian  wars  of  the  United  States,  or 
the  Spanish-American  war  and  the  incidental  insurrection  in  the  Philippines,  or  the 
China  Relief  Expedition,  or  are  members  of  the  Regular  Army  and  Navy  Union  of  the 
United  States,  may  wear  on  all  occasions  of  ceremony,  when  full  dress  is  required, 
the  distinctive  badges  adopted  by  such  societies  or  such  other  medals  as  may  be 
authorized  by  proper  authority;  badges  to  be  worn  on  the  left  breast  of  the  coat,  sus- 
pended by  a  ribbon  from  a  bar  of  metal  passed  through  the  upper  ends  and  tops  of 
the  ribbons,  forming  a  horizontal  line,  the  outer  ends  of  which  will  be  from  3  to  4 
inches  below  the  top  of  the  shoulder,  according  to  the  height  of  the  wearer. 

8.  Shoulder  knots  and  shoulder  straps  will  be  worn  by  commissioned  officers  only. 
Shoulder  straps  will  always  be  placed  on  the  dress  coat,  as  herein  prescribed;  their 
use  on  the  full-dress  coat  is  forbidden. 

9.  The  uniform  of  an  officer  on  the  retired  list  is  that  prescribed  for  his  actual  rank 
in  his  regiment  or  corps  when  retired,  except  that  the  number  of  the  regiment  or 
insignia  of  corps  or  department  will  not  be  worn.  A  retired  officer  with  brevet  com- 
mission, either  in  the  regular  or  volunteer  service  of  the  Army  of  the  United  States, 
may  wear  the  uniform  of  his  highest  brevet  grade,  and  a  retired  officer  who  has  held 
a  commission,  not  brevet,  in  the  volunteer  service  may  wear  the  uniform  of  his  high- 
est grade  in  that  service,  except  that  the  number  of  the  regiment  or  insignia  of  corps 
or  department  will  not  be  worn.     (A.  R.,  88. ) 

10.  In  case  of  inclement  weather,  when  capes,  waterproofs,  or  overcoats  are  worn, 
shoulder  knots  will  take  the  place  of  epaulets  for  general  officers. 

11.  When  a  j)articular  coat  or  vestment  is  required  by  the  church  to  which  a  chap- 
lain belongs  he  may  wear  such  coat  or  vestment  while  conducting  services. 

12.  In  foreign  countries,  on  occasions  of  reviews,  public  balls,  entertainments  given 
by  military  or  naval  authorities,  or  messes,  or  by  civil  officials,  during  official  visits 
of  ceremony,  and  at  social  functions  partaking  of  an  official  character,  officers  shall 
appear  in  uniform  suitable  for  the  occasion. 

13.  The  saber  shall  be  habitually  worn  hooked  up  when  dismounted,  guard  to  the 
rear;  it  will  be  worn  outside  of  the  overcoat.  The  proper  saber  knot  will  always  be 
worn  with  the  saber. 

14.  Enlisted  men  will  wear  uniform  in  camp  or  garrison  and  will  not  be  permitted 
to  keep  other  clothing  in  their  possession.  AVhen  on  fatigue  they  will  wear  suitable 
fatigue  dress.     (A.  R.,  302.) 

15.  The  articles  borne  upon  the  annual  price  list  of  clothing,  published  in  orders, 
will  be  considered  uniform  for  enlisted  men,  and  no  deviation  therefrom  will  be 
allowed.     (A.  R.,  303.) 

16.  The  service  uniforms  are  made  of  wool  or  cotton,  and  the  one  to  be  worn  will 
be  determined  by  locality  and  climate  when  required;  it  is  not  permitted  to  combine 
garments  of  wool  with  others  of  cotton  in  the  service  uniform  of  officers  or  enlisted 
men. 

The  material  of  the  service  uniform,  the  overcoat,  and  the  hat  will  be  made  water 
repellent  as  nearly  as  practicable. 

*  ¥r  *  *  *  *  * 

{Par.  88  and  Art.  LXXXVJ,  A.  R.) 


APPENDIX.  393 

[Cir.  7,  Feb.  27,  1902.] 

The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  infor- 
mation and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

There  is  no  reason  for  a  departure  from  the  invariable  rule  that  there  should  be 
but  one  commanding  officer  at  a  post,  who  should  be  held  responsible  for  the  com- 
plete instruction  and  efficiency  of  his  command,  no  matter  of  how  many  branches  of 
the  service  the  garrison  is  composed. 

The  duties  of  subordinate  commanders  are  well  defined,  and  it  is  the  express  duty 
of  the  commanding  officer  to  see  that  they  are  carried  out,  even  if  he  may  not  have 
the  technical  knowledge  of  all  the  details  pertaining  to  each  particular  branch,  as  the 
Medical  Department,  the  Signal  Corps,  the  Engineer  Corps,  or  the  Artillery  Corps. 

Long-established  practice  has  shown  the  wisdom  of  the  rule,  and  it  requires  no 
argument  to  show  that  to  exempt  the  artillery  from  its  application  would  be  at  the 
risk  of  harmony — would  divide  responsibility  and  impair  efficiency.  Even  under 
the  latitude  of  paragraph  436  of  the  Regulations,  which  exempts  the  artillery  from 
certain  post  duties,  well-founded  complaints  have  sometimes  been  engendered,  and 
to  extend  it  so  as  to  practically  make  a  quasi  independent  command  in  a  post  would 
tend  to  weaken,  not  strengthen,  the  hand  of  the  post  commander. 

When  two  or  more  field  batteries  are  serving  at  a  post  of  different  arms  of  the 
service,  there  can  be  no  objection  to  a  provisional  battalion  of  artillery  ''for  maneu- 
vers and  instruction,"  the  same  as  prescribed  for  infantry  and  cavalry,  without  sepa- 
rate headquarters  or  distinctive  records,  and  all  under  the  immediate  control  of  the 
post  commander,  and  to  the  detail  for  these  purposes  of  an  adjutant  and  sergeant 
major  by  the  battalion  commander. 

(Art.  IV,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  18,  May  19,  1902.] 

The  following  decision  is  published  for  the  information  of  all  concerned: 
Veterinarians  entitled  to  salutes  from  enlisted  men. — A  veterinarian  of  cav- 
alry or  artillery  is  allowed  by  law  the  pay  and  allowances  of  a  second  Heutenant. 
He  is  given  rank  by  General  Orders  No.  39,  April  24,  1902,  from  this  office,  next 
after  a  second  lieutenant  and  the  character  of  his  duties  is  such  as  to  require  him  to 
give  orders  to  enlisted  men.  He  is,  therefore,  entitled  to  receive  the  customary 
salute  from  enlisted  men. 
{Art.  XXVI,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  21.    June  IS,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  con- 
cerned: 

BURIAL  EXPENSES  OF   RETIRED  NONCOMMISSIONED  OFFICERS. 

The  provision  in  the  Army  appropriation  act  of  Marcfi  2,  1901,  for  expenses  of  the  interment  of  officers 
"  noncommissioned  officers  and  soldiers"  killed  in  action,  or  who  die  while  on  duty  in  the  field  or  at  mili- 
tary posts  or  on  the  frontiers,  or  while  traveling  under  orders  does  not  apply  to  noncoinmissioncd  officers 
or  soldiers  on  the  retired  list. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  op  The  Treasury, 

Washington,  April  6,  1901. 
The  Honorable  The  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  By  your  direction  I  have  received  a  letter  dated  March  27, 1901,  from  the  Quartermaster-General 
asking  whether  the  provision  for  burial  expenses  found  under  the  head  of  "Incidental  expenses, 
Quartermaster's  Department,"  in  the  army  appropriation  act  of  March  2,  1901,  applies  to  cases  of 
retired  noncommissioned  officers  and  soldiers. 


394  APPENDIX. 

The  provisions  making  the  appropriation  is  for — 
"expenses  of  the  interment  of  officers  killed  in  action  or  who  die  when  on  duty  in  the  field,  or  at 
military  posts  or  on  the  frontiers,  or  when  traveling  under  orders,  and  of  noncommissioned  officers 
and  soldiers;  and  in  all  cases  where  such  expenses  would  have  been  lawful  claims  against  the  Gov- 
ernment reimbursement  may  be  made  of  expenses  heretofore  or  hereafter  incurred  by  individuals  of 
burial  and  transportation  of  remains  of  officers,  including  acting  assistant  surgeons,  not  to  exceed 
the  amount  now  allowed  in  the  cases  of  officers,  and  for  the  reimbursement  in  the  cases  of  enlisted 
men  not  exceeding  the  amount  now  allowed  in  their  cases  may  be  paid  out  of  the  proper  funds 
appropriated  by  this  act,  and  the  disbursing  officers  shall  be  credited  with  such  reimbursement  here- 
tofore made;  but  hereafter  no  reimbursement  shall  be  made  of  such  expenses  incurred  prior  to  the 
twenty-first  day  of  April,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight." 

While  the  act  is  in  one  respect,  at  least,  inartistically  drawn,  I  think  its  meaning  is  as  clear  as  if  it 
read: 

"Expenses  of  the  interment  of  officers,  and  of  noncommissioned  officers  and  soldiers  killed  in 
action,  or  who  die  when  on  duty  in  the  field  or  at  military  posts  or  on  the  frontiers,  or  when  traveling 
under  orders,  and  in  all  cases,  etc." 

Without  entering  into  the  question  as  to  whether  retired  noncommissioned  officers  and  soldiers  are 
in  the  Army  after  their  retirement,  I  am  clearly  of  the  opinion  that  they  are  not  in  such  a  duty  status 
as  to  bring  their  cases  within  the  plain  letter  of  the  law,  which  requires  that  they  must  be  either 
killed  in  action  or  die  when  on  duty  in  the  field  or  at  military  posts  on  the  frontiers,  or  when  travel- 
ing under  orders  to  authorize  the  payment  of  their  burial  expenses  out  of  this  appropriation.  (See  5 
Comp.  Dec,  343,  444.) 

I  have,  therefore,  to  advise  you  that  the  act  cited  does  not  apply  to  cases  of  noncommissioned 
officers  or  soldiers  on  the  retired  list. 
Respectfully, 

L.  P.  MiTCHEi.i.,  As.'iistant  Comptroller. 
{Par.  180,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  27,  July  7,  1902.] 

I.  The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the 
information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Where  the  sentence  of  a  court-martial  directs  the  amount  paid  for  the  apprehension 
and  transportation  of  a  soldier  convicted  of  absence  without  leave  to  be  charged 
against  his  pay  in  conformity  to  the  requirements  of  paragraph  138  of  the  Army  Reg- 
ulations, its  sentence  should  direct  such  charge  to  take  the  form  of  a  stoppage,  not  of 
a  forfeiture,  thus  allowing  the  amount  so  deducted  to  be  credited  on  the  books  of  the 
Treasury  as  a  reimbursement. 

[Par.  188,  A.  R.) 

4«-  -X-  *  *  *  4fr  * 


[Cir.  29,  .July  15,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decisiovi  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  informatioi  and  guidance  of  all 
concerned : 

Actual  expenses— Act  of  May  26,  General  Orders,  No.  76,  1900.    For  sea  travel  "between"  islands  of  tJie 

name  group,  an  officer  during  intermediate  part  of  the  journey,  entitled  to  reasonable  actual  expenses  on 

shore  while  awaiting  sailing  of  vessel. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  July  S,  1901. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  War,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Sir:  I  am  in  receipt  of  your  communication  of  the  7th  ult.  as  follows: 

"I  have  the  honor  to  transmit  herewith,  together  with  other  papers,  a  letter  from  the  chief  paymas. 
ter.  Department  of  South  Philippines,  Cebu,  P.  I.,  dated  April  5,  last,  submitting  a  mileage  and  expense 
account  presented  by  Lieut.  Col.  J.  N.  Morrison,  judge-advocate,  Department  of  South  Philippines, 
stated  at  $19.82. 

"It  appears  from  these  papers  that  payment  of  the  said  account  was  declined  under  circular  issued 
by  the  Paymaster's  Department  dated  November  22,  1901,  and  attention  is  invited  to  the  statements 
contained  in  Colonel  Morrison's  letter  addressed  to  you  under  date  of  March  7th  last,  in  which  he 
takes  exception  to  the  action  of  the  Pay  Department. 


APPENDIX.  395 

"  The  matter  is  submitted  to  you  with  request  for  decision  as  to  whether  or  not  Colonel  Morrison 
can  be  reimbursed  for  expenses  incurred  in  the  sum  above  named?  The  return  of  the  accompanying 
papers  with  your  reply  is  also  requested." 

The  letter  of  Maj.  J.  A.  Watrous,  chief  paymaster,  is  as  follows: 

"  I  have  the  honor  to  inclose  herewith  a  mileage  and  expense  account  presented  by  Lieut.  Col.  J. 
N.  Morrison,  judge-advocate,  Department  of  South  Philippines,  and  to  request  a  decision  on  the 
same.    I  also  inclose  an  exhaustive  statement  made  by  Colonel  Morrison  on  the  same  subject. 

"Unless  the  decision  is  made  and  the  papers  returned  by  the  1st  of  July  of  this  year,  I  would  sug- 
g*Ht  that  they  be  sent  to  my  address  at  San  Francisco."  —    _ 

The  ruling  of  the  Paymaster-General,  IT.  S.  Army,  under  date  of  November  22, 1901,  referred  to  in 
your  communication,  reads: 

"Respectfully  returned  to  Lieut.  Col.  Chas.  H.  Whipple,  paymaster,  Manila,  P.  I. 

"The  law  prescribes  (page  11,  G.  O.,  26,  A.  G.  O.,  1901),  mileage  for  land  travel  and  actual  expenses 
for  sea  travel  to^  from,  or  between  oiar  island  possessions.  Therefore,  if  an  officer  journeys  by  land 
to  the  port  of  departure,  and  is  delayed  at  the  port,  or  at  intermediate  points  on  land,  he  could 
receive  only  the  mileage  allowance  for  the  actual  distance  traveled  by  land.  If  traveling  by  sea,  and 
changing  steamers  at  some  port  he  is  compelled  to  delay  on  shore,  he  is  not  then  traveling  either  by 
sea  or  land,  and  there  can  be  no  allowance  while  so  delayed." 

There  is  a  demand  of  Lieut.  Col.  Jasper  N.  Morrison  for  the  balance  of  actual  expenses  alleged  to 
be  due  him  for  a  journey  performed  under  proper  military  authority  during  the  period  from  Decem- 
ber 20,  1901,  to  January  8,  1902,  from  Zamboanga,  P.  I.,  to  Cebu,  P.  I.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Morrison 
alleges  that  he  went  from  Zamboango  to  Manila  on  the  U.  S.  transport  Relief  and  from  Manila  to 
Cebu  on  the  U.  S.  transport  Sumner;  that  on  arriving  at  Manila  on  or  about  December  25,  1901,  he 
went  ashore  to  await  the  sailing  of  the  Sumner,  which  took  place  on  or  about  January  4, 1902;  and 
that  while  thus  waiting  on  shore  he  incurred  necessary  living  expenses  amounting  to  $19.82,  for 
which  he  asks  reimbursement,  provided  that  it  is  held  by  the  accounting  officers  that  actual  expenses, 
and  not  mileage,  are  legally  payable  for  a  journey  of  this  character. 

The  mileage  law  in  force  at  the  time  the  journey  was  performed  was  the  act  of  May  26, 1900  (31 
Stat.,  210),  which  provides: 

"  For  mileage  to  officers  and  contract  surgeons,  when  authorized  bylaw,  five  hundred  thousand 
dollars;  *  *  *  And  provided  further,  That  actual  expenses  only  shall  be  paid  to  officers  for  sea 
travel  when  traveling  as  herein  provided  for,  to,  from,  or  between  our  island  possessions:"    *    *    * 

Under  this  law,  I  am  of  opinion  that  this  was  a  journey  for  which  actual  expenses  only  are  pay- 
able, and  that  Lieutenant-Colonel  Morrison's  stay  on  land  at  Manila  was  an  incident  of  his  journey 
from  Zamboanga  to  Cebu,  for  which  he  was  in  no  way  responsible,  and  that  he  is  entitled  to  his  rea- 
sonable actual  expenses  while  ashore  awaiting  the  sailing  of  the  transport,  the  same  as  while  actually 
on  the  transport  and  moving  until  he  arrived  at  his  destination.  Paymaster  Watrous  is  authorized 
to  pay  Lieutenant-Colonel  Morrison  his  actual  expenses  as  claimed.    All  papers  herewith  returned. 

L.  P.  Mitchell, 
Assistant  Comptroller. 

{Par.  U73,  A.  R.)  * 


[Cir.  31,  Aug.  5,  3902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comp- 
troller of  the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of 
all  concerned: 

First  and  second  class  gunners,  Artillery  Corps,  when  retired,  entitled  only  to  75  per  cent  of  pay  and  allow- 
ances of  the  rank  held  at  retirement.  Additional  pay  for  classification  as  gunner  ceases  with  date  of 
retirement  and  is  to  be  excluded  from  computation  of  retired  pay. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  op  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  July  SO,  1902. 
The  Paymaster-General,  U.  S.  Army. 

(Through  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  War  Department.) 
Sir:  I  am  in  receipt  of  your  communication  of  the  11th  instant,  as  follows: 

"Referring  to  the  act  of  February  14, 1885,  establishing  a  retired  list  for  enlisted  men  of  the  Army, 
and  providing  that  on  retirement  they  shall  receive  75  per  centum  of  the  pay  and  allowances  of  the  rank 
on  which  they  were  retired;  and  to  the  act  of  February  2,  1901,  which  provides  that  enlisted  men  of 
the  artillery  service  who  shall  qualify  as  first  and  second  class  gunners  shall  be  entitled  to  an  increase 
of  $2  and  $1  per  month,  respectively;  and  to  the  decision  of  the  Comptroller  dated  September  11, 1901, 
that  a  gunner  who  has  thus  qualified  is  entitled  to  pay  as  such  for  three  years,  provided  that  during 
that  period  he  has  not  been  out  of  the  artillery  service  more  than  three  months,  decision  is  requested 
as  to  the  pay  status  of  an  enlisted  man  of  the  artill-ery  service  who,  while  a  qualified  gunner,  is 
I)laced  on  the  retired  list.    Will  he,  after  retirement,  or  for  the  three  months  next  following  his  retire 


896  APPENDIX. 

ment,  be  entitled  to  receive  75  per  cent  of  the  $1  or  $2  per  month  he  was  receiving  as  a  q\ialified 
gunner." 

By  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Section  7  of  the  act  of  February  2, 1901  (31  Stat.,  749),  providing  additional  compensation  to  gunners 
is  as  follows: 

"That  each  company  of  coast  artillery  shall  be  organized  as  is  now  described  by  law  for  a  battery 
of  artillery;  *  *  *  and  provided,  that  first-class  gunners  shall  receive  8=2  per  month,  and  second- 
class  gunners  $1  per  month  in  addition  to  their  pay." 

This  act  authorizes  additional  compensation  to  gunners,  but  it  does  not  undertake  to  determine 
what  enlisted  men  of  the  Artillery  Corps  shall  be  classified  as  gunners,  or  when  so  classified  how 
long  their  classification  shall  continue.  The  Army  Regulations  providing  that  artillery  competition 
shall  be  prescribed  in  orders  and  instructions  issued  from  the  Headquarters  of  the  Army.  (Par.  411^ 
A.  R.,  1901).  General  Orders,  No.  36,  of  1901,  relating  to  the  methods  of  conducting  examinations  in 
the  coast  artillery,  and  issued  by  command  of  the  Lieutenant-General  of  the  Army,  provide: 

"  That  enlisted  men  who  obtain  an  average  of  85  per  cent  of  the  total  maximum  mark  in  the  exam- 
ination will  be  classified  as  first-class  gunners,  and  those  who  obtain  an  average  of  05  per  cent  will  be 
classed  as  second-class  gunners." 

also  that — 

"A  qualified  gunner  will  be  rated  as  such  for  a  period  of  three  years,  and  for  such  additional  time  as 
may  be  required  to  provide  for  a  reexamination,  unless  he  had,  during  that  time,  been  out  of  the 
artillery  service  for  more  than  three  months." 

An  enlisted  man  belonging  to  the  Coast  Atillery  obtains  the  classification  of  gunner  because  of  some 
excellence  possessed  by  him  as  shown  in  an  examination.  If  he  successfully  passes  the  prescribed 
examination,  and  is  duly  classified,  or  qualified,  as  a  gunner,  the  act  of  February  2, 1901,  supra,  grants 
him  one  or  two  dollars  a  month  additional  compensation,  according  to  his  classification.  This  addi- 
tional compensation  does  not  constitute  a  part  of  the  pay  of  the  rank,  but  is  granted  because  of  the 
special  merit  which  the  enlisted  man  is  shown  to  possess.  It  is  given  without  regard  to  rank,  or 
length  of  service,  and  is  to  be  paid  for  a  period  of  three  years  from  the  time  of  the  classification,  unless 
during  that  time  the  enlisted  man  is  out  of  the  artillery  service  for  more  than  three  months. 

The  act  of  February  14, 1885  (23  Stat.,  305),  which  created  the  retired  list  for  enlisted  men  of  the 
Army,  provides  that  an  enlisted  man  placed  on  the  retired  list  shall  thereafter  receive  75  per  centum 
of  the  pay  and  allowances  of  the  rank  upon  which  he  was  retired.  By  the  act  of  February  2, 1901  (31 
Stat.,  748),  enlisted  men  of  the  Army  on  the  retired  list  constitute  a  part  of  the  Army  of  the  United 
States.  An  enlisted  man  of  the  Artilley  Corps,  who  is  retired,  remains  a  part  of  the  Army  and  neces- 
sarily in  the  military  service,  but  he  ceases  to  be  a  part  of  the  artillery  arm  of  the  military  service. 

I  am  of  the  opinion,  therefore,  that  under  the  General  Orders,  supra,  such  enlisted  man  is  not  enti- 
tled to  be  rated  as  a  gunner  beyond  the  date  of  his  retirement,  and  consequently  not  entitled  to  addi- 
tional compensation  as  such  beyond  such  date.  In  view  of  what  is  said  above,  I  am  also  of  the  opinion 
that  the  additional  compensation  provided  by  the  act  of  February  2, 1901,  supra,  is  not  a  part  of  the 
pay  of  the  rank  upon  which  an  enlisted  man  is  retired,  and  therefore  any  enlisted  man  who  is  retired 
while  classified  as  a  gunner  is  not  entitled,  upon  the  retired  list,  to  receive  any  part  of  the  one  or  two 
dollars  per  month  granted  to  enlisted  men  holding  the  classification  of  gunners. 

The  papers  forwarded  by  you  are  herewith  returned. 

Respectfully,  L.  P.  Mitchell, 

Assistant  Comptroller. 
{Pars.  U9  and  411,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  33,  Aug.  3,  1902.] 
By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comp- 
troller of  the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of 
all  concerned : 

Travel  pay  under  General  Orders,  Nos.  16  and  26,  Headquarters  of  the  Army,  1901:  Officers  and  men  who 
were  discharged  in  the  Philippines  prior  to  March  2,  1901,  and  there  reentered  the  service  shall  when  next 
discharged,  except  by  way  of  punishment  Jor  an  offense,  receive  travel  allowances  from  place  of  discharge  to 
place  in  United  States  of  last  preceding  place  of  appointment  or  enlistment  or  to  their  homes,  at  the  rate  of 
It  cents  per  mile  Jor  land  travel  and  for  all  sea  travel  actual  expenses  to  officers  and  transportation  and 
subsistence  to  enlisted  men.  This  class  of  enlisted  men  are  entitled  to  above  travel  pay  whether  they  reentered 
the  service  in  the  Philippines  tvithin  or  after  more  than  three  montlis. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office^of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  Aug^ist  1,  1902. 
The  Paymaster  General  U.  S  Army, 

War  Department,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Sir;  I  am  in  receipt  of  your  communication  of  the  2Gth  ultimo  requesting  my  decision,  as  follows: 
"  Your  decision  is  requested  in  the  following  matter:  In  the  mileage  clause  of  the  act  of  March  2, 
1901  (31  Stat.,  902),  it  is  provided— 
"  '  That  hereafter  when  an  officer  shall  be  discharged  from  the  service,  except  by  way  of  punish- 


APPENDIX.  397 

ment  for  an  oflfeiise,  he  shall  receive  for  travel  allowances  from  the  place  of  his  discharge  to  the  place 
of  his  residence  at  the  time  of  his  appointment,  or  to  the  place  of  his  original  muster  into  the  service, 
4  cents  per  mile;  and  an  enlisted  man  when  discharged  from  the  service,  except  by  way  of  punishment 
for  an  offense,  shall  receive  4  cents  per  mile  from  the  place  of  discharge  to  the  place  of  his  enlistment, 
enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service:  Provided  furt/icr,  That  any  officer  or  enlisted  man  in  the 
service  of  the  United  States  who  was  discharged  in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  there  reentered  the 
service  through  commission  or  enlistment  shall  when  discharged,  except  by  way  of  punishment  for  an 
offense,  receive  for  travel  allowances  from  the  place  of  discharge  to  the  place  in  the  United  States  of 
his  lust  preceding  appointment  or  enlistment,  or  to  his  home  if  he  was  appointed  or  enlisted  at  a  place 
other  than  his  home,  4  cents  per  mile:  Provided  /urther,  That  for  sea  travel  or  discharge  actual 
expenses  only  shall  be  paid  to  officers,  and  transportation  and  subsistence  only  shall  be  furnished  to 
enlisted  men.' 

"  Under  the  provision  first  above  cited  that  'hereafter  when  an  officer  shall  be  discharged,'  etc., 
will  the  next  proviso,  '  that  any  officer  or  enlisted  man  in  the  service  of  the  United  States  who  was. 
discharged  in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  there  reentered  the  service  through  commission  or  enlist- 
ment shall  when  discharged,  except  by  way  of  punishment  for  an  offense,  receive  for  travel  allow- 
ances from  the  place  of  discharge  to  the  place  in  the  United  States  of  his  last  preceding  appointment 
or  enlistment,  or  to  his  home  if  he  was  appointed  or  enlisted  at  a  place  other  than  his  home,  4 
cents  per  mile,'  be  held  to  apply  to  all  discharges  and  reentries  into  the  service  theretofore  or  there- 
after occurring,  or  will  it  be  held  to  apply  only  to  those  who  had  prior  to  the  passage  of  the  act  been 
discharged  and  had  reentered  the  Army  by  appointment  or  enlistment? 

"2.  Will  said  act  exclude  from  its  benefits  enlisted  men  who  after  discharge  in  the  Philippines  had 
failed  to  reenter  the  service  there  within  the  three  months  allowed  by  law  for  reenlistment? 

"  By  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War." 

That  portion  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1901,  quoted  by  you,  which  refers  to  the  date  of  discharge  and 
reentry  into  service  in  the  Philippine  Islands  of  officers  and  enlisted  men  is  entirely  retrospective 
and  applies  only  to  the  officers  and  enlisted  men  who  ivcre  discharged  and  reentered  the  service 
through  commission  or  enlistment  before  the  passage  of  the  act.  As  respects  the  time  of  discharge  after 
reenlistment,  the  act  is  prospective  and  retrospective.     (8  Comp.  Dec,  366.) 

The  decision  of  April  4,  1901  (MS.  Dec,  vol.  17,  p.  99),  in  the  case  of  Charles  Streiff,  Company  G, 
p:ighteenth  U.  S.  Infantry,  in  so  far  as  it  held  that  the  provision  of  the  act  of  March  2,  as  respects  the 
time  of  discharge,  was  prospective  only  is  overruled. 

In  reply  to  your  second  question,  you  are  informed  that  there  is  no  time  fixed  in  the  act  within 
which  a  soldier  discharged  in  the  Philippine  Islands  must  there  reenlist,  hence  the  act  does  not 
exclude  from  its  benefits  the  enlisted  men  who  reenlisted  in  the  Philippine  Islands  more  than  three 
months  after  their  discharge  therein. 

The  time  of  three  months  fixed  by  law  (sec.  1284,  R.  S.,  and  act  of  August  1,  1894,  .28  Stat.,  216)  for 
reenlistments  is  applicable  only  in  determining  a  soldier's  right  to  continuous-service  pay. 
Respectfully, 

R.  J.  Tkacewell,  Comptroller. 

{Par.  1563,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  36,  Aug.  21,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  tiie  following  decision  of  the  Comp- 
troller of  the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of 
all  concerned: 

Court-martial  forfeitures  are  debts  to  the  United  States,  and  tlie  full  amount  of  each  sentence  7nust  be  deducted 
imless  remitted.  When  the  monthly  aggregate  of  forfeitures  exceeds  the  rate  of  the  soldier's  monthly  pay, 
deduction  will  be  made  at  the  rate  of  such  monthly  pay,  less  dues  to  theSoldiers'  Home,  untilthefull  amount 
of  all  forfeitures  has  been  deducted,  xmless  a  j)oi'tion  shall  have  been  remitted. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  August  U,  1902. 
The  Paymaster-General. 

(Through  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  War  Department). 
Sir:  I  am  in  receipt,  on  the  21st  ultimo,  of  your  communication  of  the  llth  ultimo,  requesting  my 
decision  as  follows: 

"  There  being  a  diversity  of  opinion  and  practice  in  the  matter  of  deduction  of  forfeiture  by  sentence 
of  court-martial,  your  construction  in  the  following  cases  is  desired  and  requested  for  the  information 
and  guidance  of  officers  of  the  Pay  Department: 

"  1.  Where  two  or  more  sentences,  covering  forfeitures  operating  at  the  same  time,  aggregate  in  any 
month  or  months  more  than  the  rate  of  the  soldier's  current  monthly  pay  (less  dues  to  the  Soldiers' 
Home),  what  should  be  the  aggregate  deduction  on  account  of  such  sentences?  For  instance,  a  soldier 
is  sentenced  June  6  to  forfeit $10  per  month  of  his  pay  for  four  months  and  again  on  June  26  is  sen- 
tenced to  forfeit  $10  per  month  of  his  pay  for  eight  months.    From  June  26  to  October  5,  inclusive,  the 


398  APPENDIX 

two  sentences  are  running  together,  aggregating  $20  per  monili,  wliile  tlie  soldier's  current  monthly 
pay  (less  Soldiers'  Home  dues)  is  but  $12.88  per  month.  Should  the  sentence  continue  to  be  borne 
upon  the  roll  until  forfeiture  of  the  $10  per  month  for  twelve  months  is  collected,  i.  e.,  $120,  or  would 
the  following  be  the  correct  deduction? 

"June  6  to  25,  inclusive,  twenty  days,  at  $10 $6. 67 

"June  26  to  October  5,  inclusive,  three  months  ten  days,  at  $12.88 42. 93 

"  October  6  to  February  25,  inclusive,  four  months  twenty  days,  at  $10 46. 67 

"  Total  deduction , 96. 27 

"2.  If  the  sentence  of  June  26  were  to  '  forfeit  $10  of  his  pay '  or  to  '  forfeit  one  month's  pay,'  and  that 
of  June  6,  as  before,  to  forfeit  $10  per  month  for  four  months,  should  the  full  amount  of  both  sentences 
be  deducted,  or  should  deduction  be  made  as  in  example  above  given? 

"  Requesting  the  favor  of  an  early  decision. 

"  By  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War." 

The  sentence  of  the  court-martial  begins  to  run  with  the  date  of  its  promulgation  in  orders  unless 
the  language  of  the  sentence  clearly  indicates  that  such  was  not  the  intention  of  the  court.  (General 
Orders,  No.  53,  of  1878;  Digest  Second  Comp.  Dec,  vol.  2,  sec.  375;  par.  1052,  A.  R.,  1901.) 

By  General  Orders,  No.  53  of  1878,  rules  for  the  execution  of  sentences  of  courts-martial  adjudging 
forfeiture  of  pay  were  promulgated  by  the  Secretary  of  War  in  part  as  follows: 

"2.  An  order  remitting  forfeiture  of  pay  operates  only  as  to  time  subsequent  to  its  date.  The 
forfeiture  continues  operative  for  the  time  between  date  of  promulgation  of  sentence  and  date  of 
order  of  remission,  and  at  the  rate  fixed  in  the  sentence  if  the  forfeiture  be  one  of  a  certain  amount 
per  month;  or,  if  it  be  a  specified  sum,  at  the  rate  of  the  soldier's  current  pay,  less  deduction  for 
Soldiers'  Home.  To  this  extent  a  remitted  forfeiture  must  stand  as  a  charge  against  the  soldier's 
pay  until  satisfied. 

"3.  Where  the  same  time  is  covered  by  two  or  more  forfeitures,  they  must,  as  to  such  time,  apply 
together,  each  under  the  foregoing  rules,  until  all  are  satisfied.  The  rate  of  forfeiture  for  a  given 
time  will  then  be  the  aggregate  of  the  rates  of  the  several  forfeitures  applicable  thereto,  whether  the 
actual  rate  of  pay  for  the  time  be  greater  or  less." 

Paragraph  1052,  Army  Regulations,  1901,  provides  in  part  as  follows: 

"  When  a  sentence  imposes  forfeiture  of  pay,  or  of  stated  portions  thereof  for  a  certain  number  of 
months,  it  stops  for  each  of  those  months  the  amount  stated;  thus,  '$10  of  monthly  pay  for  one  year 
would  be  a  stoppage  of  $120.'  " 

Paragraph  1053  of  the  Regulations  provides: 

"  An  order  remitting  a  forfeiture  of  pay  operates  only  on  the  pay  to  become  due  subsequent  to  the 
date  of  the  order." 

Paragraph  1049  of  the  Regulations  provides  that  when  soldiers  who  are  undergoing  sentence  by  a 
court-martial  commit  other  offenses  for  which  they  are  tried  and  sentenced,  the  second  sentence 
will  be  executed  upon  the  expiration  of  the  first. 

I  can  find  no  authoritative  decision  of  the  accounting  officers  defining  or  establishing  a  practice  in 
the  class  of  cases  to  which  you  refer.  It  appears  that  prior  to  the  reorganization  of  the  accounting 
offices  in  1894  verbal  instructions  were  given  from  time  to  time  by  the  Second  Comptroller  in 
individual  cases  as  they  came  up  for  settlement.  For  instance,  in  1878  instructions  appear  to  have 
been  given  to  the  effect  that  in  cases  of  two  or  more  sentences  covering  forfeitures  operating  at  the 
same  time  and  for  specific  periods  and  aggregating  more  than  the  pay  of  the  soldier,  the  excess 
of  the  forfeitures  over  the  current  monthly  pay  could  not  be  charged  against  the  future  or  prior 
earnings  of  the  soldier.  As  against  this,  however,  in  the  case  of  a  sentence  to  forfeit  a  specified  sum, 
the  practice  appears  to  have  been  to  consider  the  sentence  as  running  until  a  sufficient  amount  of 
pay  had  accrued  to  satisfy  the  forfeiture,  or  until  the  unsatisfied  portion  thereof  had  been  remitted. 
(Digest  Second  Comp.  Dec,  vol.  2,  sec  377.) 

I  have  given  careful  consideration  to  such  verbal  memorandum  decisions  as  have  been  found  and 
called  to  my  attention;  also  to  the  various  Regulations  which  have  been  made  by  the  War  Department 
from  time  to  time,  as  well  as  to  the  decisions  of  the  Judge-Advocate-General  of  the  Army. 

The  Aveight  of  the  Regulations  and  the  decisions  of  the  Judge- Advocate-General  appears  to  be  to 
the  effect  that  the  sentence  or  sentences  of  a  court-martial  adjudging  a  forfeiture  of  pay,  whether  of 
a  specified  sum,  as,  for  instance,  $10  of  a  soldier's  pay,  or  a  certain  amount  per  month  of  a  soldier's  i)ay 
for  a  specified  time,  as  $10  per  month  of  a  soldier's  pay  for  six  months,  continue  operative  until 
enough  pay  has  accrued  to  satisfy  them,  or  until  the  unsatisfied  portion  thereof  has  been  remitted, 
the  total  forfeiture  being  the  aggregate  amount  of  the  sentence  or  sentences. 

I  am  of  the  opinion  that  this  view  is  correct  and  it  will  be  followed  by  me. 

If  while  one  sentence  is  running  a  soldier  undergoes  another  sentence  adjudging  a  forfeiture  of 
pay  of  a  specified  sum  or  a  certain  amount  per  month  for  a  specified  time,  there  can  only  be  collected 
each  month  under  the  second  sentence,  as  long  as  the  sentences  run  together,  the  difference  between 
the  amount  of  the  forfeiture  under  the  first  sentence  and  the  soldier's  current  pay,  less  the  authorized 
stoppages  in  favor  of  the  Soldiers'  Home,  but  the  second  sentence  will  continue  operative  until 
enough  pay  has  accrued  to  satisfy  it,  retaining  each  month  the  amount  specified  by  the  court-martial, 
if  the  sentence  be  for  a  specified  time,  or  at  the  rate  of  the  soldier's  current  pay  if  the  sentence  be 


APPENDIX.  399 

simi)ly  of  n  specifierl  sum.  Where  a  .sentence  adjudges  a  forfeiture  t>f  the  monthly  pay  or  a  part  of 
the  monthly  pay  of  asoldier  fora  specified  time,  the  sum  forfeited  is  the  amount  per  month  multiplied 
by  the  number  of  months.  (Par.  1052,  A.  R.,  1901;  General  Orders,  No.  121  of  1874;  par.  1385,  Dig.  of 
Opin.  of  Judge-Ad vocate-General,  1901.) 

The  forfeiture,  upon  the  promulgation  of  the  sentence,  becomes  a  debt  due  to  the  United  States, 
which  is  collectible  in  the  manner  indicated  above.  (Par.  1387,  Dig.  of  Opin.  of  Judge-Advocate- 
General,  1901.) 

In  the  case  you  cite  under  your  lirst  question,  I  am  of  the  opinion  tliat  the  correct  deduction  is  $120, 
being  the  full  amount  of  both  sentences,  and  that  under  your  second  question  the  correct  deduction 
is  the  full  amount  of  both  sentences.  Any  practice  heretofore  obtaining  in  the  class  of  cases 
described  which  is  contrary  to  the  views  herein  announced  is  overruled,  and  hereafter  stop^pages 
against  a  soldier's  pay  under  sentence  of  court-martial  will  be  enforced  in  accordance  with  this 
opinion. 


{Pars.  1049,  1052,  1053,  and  1545,  A.  R.) 


R.  J.  Tracewell,  Comptroller. 


[Cir.  37,  Aug.  25,  1902.] 

The  attention  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War  having  been  called  to  the  fact  that 
the  provisions  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1901,  published  in  General  Orders,  No.  26, 
March  8,  1901,  from  this  office,  have  been  overlooked  in  the  payment  of  travel  pay 
to  enlisted  men  who  have  been  discharged  in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  there  reen- 
tered the  service  of  the  United  States  and  who  have  since  returned  to  the  United 
States  and  been  discharged,  the  following  instructions  on  the  subject,  prepared  by 
the  Paymaster-General  of  the  Army,  are  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information 
and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

1.  So  much  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1901,  as  ])rovides  for  payment  of  travel  pay  to 
officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  Army  who  were  discharged  in  the  Philippine  Islands 
and  there  reentered  the  service  applies  only  to  those  who  had  been  so  discharged 
and  had  reentered  the  service  prior  to  the  date  of  the  approval  of  the  act  and  will 
not  apply  to  those  discharged  and  reentering  the  service  there  after  that  date. 

2.  It  will  be  observed  that  men  so  discharged  and  reentering  the  service  will 
when  again  discharged,  if  discharged  in  the  Philippines,  be  entitled  to  transportation 
and  subsistence  in  kind  for  sea  travel  and  to  travel  pay  at  4  cents  per  mile  for  the 
land  travel  from  place  of  discharge  to  place  of  last  preceding  appointment  or  enlist- 
ment in  the  United  States. 

3.  If  since  discharge  and  reenlistment  in  the  Philippines  they  have  returned  to 
the  l"^nited  States  and  there  been  discharged  they  will  be  entitled  to  travel  pay  at  4 
cents  per  mile  only  from  place  of  discharge  in  the  United  States  to  place  of  last 
preceding  enlistment  in  the  United  States.  • 

4.  It  is  not  necessary  that  reenlistment  in  the  Philippines  after  discharge  there 
should  have  been  within  three  months.  Discharge  and  a  reentry  into  the  service 
complies  with  the  provisions  of  the  act. 

5.  One  whose  original  enlistment  or  entry  into  the  service  was  in  the  Philippines 
does  not  come  under  the  provisions  of  the  act,  and  such  a  one  discharged  in  the 
United  States  would  be  entitled  to  travel  pay  at  4  cents  a  mile  for  the  land  travel 
and  transportation  and  subsistence  in  kind  for  the  sea  travel  involved  in  the  journey 
back  to  place  of  enlistment  in  the  Philippines. 

6.  One  discharged  in  the  Philippines  after  the  date  of  the  act  and  there  reentered 
the  service  would  not  be  subject  to  the  provisions  of  the  act  and  would  receive  the 
usual  travel  allowances  for  land  and  sea  travel  from  place  of  discharge  to  place  of 
enlistment. 

7.  The  following  examples,  under  1,  2,  and  3  hereof,  are  submitted  as  a  guide  to 
settlement  of  similar  cases:  (a)  A  soldier  enlisted  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  was  discharged 
in  the  Philippines  and  there  entered  the  service  prior  to  March  2,  1901.  When  next 
discharged  he  was  at  Columbus  Barracks,  Ohio,  and  was  entitled  to  travel  pay  only 


400  APPENDIX. 

from  Columbus  Barracks  to  Cincinnati.  (6)  A  soldier  enlisted  at  Fort  Bliss,  Tex., 
was  discharged  in  the  Philippines  and  there  reentered  the  service  prior  to  March  2, 
1901.  He  was  next  discharged  at  Fort  Bliss,  place  of  last  preceding  enlistment  in 
the  United  States,  and  was  not  entitled  to  travel  pay,  he  being  at  that  time  at  place 
of  such  enlistment. 

8.  It  is  found  that  in  the  cases  above  cited  travel  pay  has  been  paid  from  place  of 
discharge  in  the  United  States  to  San  Francisco,  the  same  as  though  the  men  were 
entitled  to  travel  allowances  for  land  and  sea  travel  back  to  Manila. 

9.  General  Orders,  No.  57,  Adjutant-General's  Office,  1901,  enjoins  upon  officers 
issuing  final  statements  that  they  shall  note  thereon  the  place  of  last  enlistment  in 
the  United  States  preceding  their  discharge  in  the  Philippines.  If  this  be  omitted 
and  by  reason  of  such  omission  an  overpayment  in  travel  pay  is  caused,  the  officer 
issuing  the  erroneous  final  statements  will  be  held  responsible  under  A.  R.  736  for 
the  amount  overpaid;  but  this  would  not  relieve  the  paymaster  if  the  final  statements 
showed  the  soldier  to  have  enlisted  in  the  Philippines,  as  such  a  statement  should 
put  the  paymaster  upon  inquiry.  Nor  does  it  follow  that  because  a  man  enlisted  in 
the  Philippines  he  was  previously  discharged  there,  and  care  should  be  taken  to 
ascertain  the  facts  in  order  to  avoid  injustice  and  short  payment  to  the  soldier. 

{Pars.  162,  736,  1^4 1,  and  1662,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  39,  Aug.  27,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comp- 
troller of  the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of 
all  concerned: 

Enlisted  men  discharged  by  order  oj  the  Secretary  of  War  for  "  disability  caused  by  their  own  misconduct' 
are  not  thereby  deprived  of  travel  pay,  section  1290,  Revised  Statutes,  and  its  amendment  of  March  16, 1896, 
having  been  abrogated  by  the  act  of  May  26, 1900,  which  in  turn  was  abrogated  by  the  act  of  March  2,  1901. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  August  19,  1902, 
The  Paymaster-General,  U.  S.  Army,  War  Department. 

Sir:  I  am  in  receipt  of  your  communication  of  the  13th  instant  requesting  my  decision  as  follows: 

"As  a  matter  affecting  the  disbursement  of  public  money  to  discharged  enlisted  men  of  the  Army, 
decision  is  requested  whether  the  final  clause  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1901  (31  Stat.,  910) ,  repealing  '  all 
laws  or  parts  of  laws  inconsistent  with  this  act'  does  not  repeal  so  much  of  the  act  of  March  16,  1896 
(29  Stat.,  63),  as  provides  '  that  no  enlisted  man  discharged  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War  for  disa- 
bility caused  by  his  own  misconduct  shall  be  entitled  to  the  travel  allowances  provided  for  in  section 
1290  of  the  Revised  Statutes,'  and  therefore,  from  date  of  said  act  of  March  2,  1901,  entitles  enlisted 
men  discharged  as  above,  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  to  all  the  travel  allowances  provided  for 
by  the  said  act  of  March  2, 1901  (31  Stat.,  902) — that  is  to  say,  to  4  cents  per  mile  for  the  land  travel,  and 
transportation  and  subsistence  only  for  the  sea  travel,  from  place  of  discharge  to  place  of  enlistment, 
enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service. 

"  By  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War." 

Section  1290,  Revised  Statutes,  provides: 

"When  a  soldier  is  discharged  from  the  service,  except  by  way  of  punishment  for  an  ofTense,  he 
shall  be  allowed  transportation  and  subsistence  from  the  place  of  his  discharge  to  the  place  of  his 
enlistment,  enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service.  The  Government  may  furnish  the  same 
in  kind,  but  in  case  it  shall  not  do  so,  he  shall  be  allowed  travel  pay  and  commutation  of  subsistence 
for  such  time  as  may  be  sufficient  for  him  to  travel  from  the  place  of  discharge  to  the  place  of  his 
enlistment,  enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service,  computed  at  the  rate  of  one  day  forevery 
twenty  miles." 

The  act  of  March  16,  1896  (29  Stat.,  63) ,  provides: 

"For  allowance  for  travel,  retained  and  detained  pay,  clothing  not  drawn,  and  for  interest  on 
deposits,  payable  to  enlisted  men  on  discharge,  seven  hundred  thousand  dollars:  Provided,  That  no 
enlisted  man  discharged  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War  for  disability  caused  by  his  own  misconduct 
shall  be  entitled  to  the  travel  allowances  provided  for  in  section  twelve  hundred  and  ninety  of  the 
Revised  Statutes." 


APPENDIX.  401 

The  act  of  May  26,  1900  (31  Stat.,  210) ,  provides: 

"That  hereafter  *  *  *  an  enlisted  man  when  discharged  from  the  service,  except  byway  of 
punishment  for  an  offense,  shall  receive  four  cents  per  mile  from  the  place  of  his  discharge  to  the 
place  of  his  enlistment,  enrollment,  or  original  muster  into  the  service." 

******  * 

"Provided  further,  That  for  sea  travel  on  discharge  to,  from,  or  between  our  island  possessions, 
*    *    *    transportation  and  subsistence  only  shall  be  furnished  to  enlisted  men." 

The  act  of  March  2,  1901  (31  Stat.,  902),  is  identical  with  the  act  of  May  26, 1900,  except  as  to  the 
proviso,  which  in  the  act  of  March  2  reads  as  follows: 

"  That  for  sea  travel  on  discharge  *  *  *  transportation  and  subsistence  only  shall  be  furnished 
to  enlisted  men." 

Also  at  the  end  of  the  act  of  March  2,  which  is  "An  act  making  appropriation  for  the  support  of 
the  Army  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  two,"  there  is  the  provision 
that  "All  laws  or  parts  of  laws  inconsistent  Avith  the  provisions  of  this  act  are  hereby  repealed." 

Section  1290,  Revised  Statutes,  was  superseded  by  the  act  of  May  26,  1900,  supra,  which  was  in  turn 
superseded  by  the  act  of  March  2, 1901,  supra,  which  is  the  travel-pay  law  in  force  at  the  present 
time. 

The  acts  of  May  26  and  March  2  were  in  no  sense  amendments  of  the  old  travel-pay  law,  but  were 
new  and  distinct  enactments. 

The  act  of  March  16,  1896,  supra,  was  in  effect  at  least  an  amendment  to  section  1290,  inasmuch  as 
it  created  a  distinct  exception  to  the  payment  of  travel  allowances  under  that  law.  It  applied  to 
that  law  alone,  and  in  my  opinion  can  have  no  reference  to  or  bearing  upon  the  later  laws  of  May  26 
and  March  2.  The  moment  that  section  1290  was  no  longer  in  force  that  moment  also  the  act  of 
March  16  cea.sed  to  have  any  force.  The  restrictions  contained  in  the  latter  act  were  not  incorpo- 
rated in  either  the  act  of  May  26  or  the  act  of  March  2,  supra,  and  hence  can  not  be  a  bar  to  the  pay- 
ment of  travel  pay  under  said  acts.  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  section  1290,  Revised  Statutes,  and  its 
amendment  of  March  16  were  abrogated  by  the  act  of  May  26,  1900,  supra,  which  was  in  turn  abro- 
gated by  the  act  of  March  2,  1901,  supra.  The  repealing  clause  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1901,  was 
unnecessary  to  accomplish  the  abrogation,  as  by  the  very  terms  of  the  acts  themselves  it  is  clear  that 
the  several  laws  could  not  stand  together. 

"But  if  the  two  acts  are  positively  repugnant,  and  to  such  an  extent  that  they  can  not  be  recon- 
ciled and  made  to  stand  together  by  any  fair  and  reasonable  construction,  then  the  one  last  passed 
will  control  and  will  repeal  the  earlier  law."     (Black  on  Interpretation  of  Laws,  p.  113.) 

A  repeal  follows— 

"When  the  latter  act  revises,  amends,  and  sums  up  the  whole  law  in  the  particular  subject  to 
which  it  relates,  covering  all  the  ground  treated  of  in  the  earlier  statute,  and  adding  new  or  differ- 
ent provisions,  and  thus  plainly  shows  that  it  was  intended  to  supersede  any  and  all  prior  enact- 
ments on  that  subject-matter,  and  to  furnish  for  the  future,  for  itself  alone,  the  whole  and  only 
system  of  statute  law  applicable  to  that  subject."     (Id.,  p.  116.) 

It  seems  clear  to  me  that  the  acts  of  May  26  and  March  2  were  designed  as  a  complete  scheme  for 
the  payment  of  travel-pay  and  that  they  repealed  all  prior  laws  inconsistent  therewith. 

I  am,  therefore,  of  the  opinion,  and  so  decide,  that  the  restrictions  contained  in  the  act  of  March 
16,  1896,  supra,  are  no  bar  to  the  payment  of  travel-pay  under  the  act  of  March  2,  1901,  supra. 
Respectfully, 

R.  J.  Tracewell, 

Comptroller. 
(Pars.  151,  159,  and  1563,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  40,  Aug.  29,  1902.] 

The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  infor- 
mation and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

The  uniform  of  an  officer  on  the  retired  list  shall  be  governed  by  his  actual  rank 
in  his  regiment  or  corps  when  retired,  except  that  the  number  of  the  regiment  or 
insignia  of  corps  or  department  are  not  to  be  worn.  In  other  respects  the  style  of 
uniform  worn  by  a  retired  officer  may  be  either  that  prescribed  in  Regulations  at  the 
date  of  his  retirement  or  that  prescribed  by  General  Orders,  No.  81,  of  1902,  from 
this  office,  this  being  left  to  the  discretion  of  the  officer.  A  combination  of  uniforms 
of  different  dates  is  not  permissible. — 

(.Par.  88,  A.  R.) 

22778—03 26 


402  APPENDIX. 

[Cir.  41,  8ept.  8,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comp- 
troller of  the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance 
of  all  concerned : 

Contract  surgeons  being  civil  employees  their  employment  and  compensation  are  dependent  upon  contract. 
Their  right  of  demand  to  salary  is  a  *'  claim  upon  the  United  States"  within  the  meaning  of  section  Si,77, 
Revised  Statutes,  and  they  are  prohibited  by  said  section  from,  transferring  or  assigning  their  current  pay 
accounts.  Any  such  assignment  would  be  null  and  void  and  any  Executive  order  authorizing  such  trans- 
fers or  assignments  would  be  in  contravention  of  the  law  and  without  effect. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  August  18,  1902. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  op  War. 

Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  communication  of  the  7th  ultimo,  request- 
ing my  decision  as  follows: 

"  I  have  the  honor  to  transmit  herewith  a  letter  from  the  commanding  general.  Department  of  the 
Columbia,  addressed  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  under  date  of  14th  ultimo,  recommend- 
ing, for  reasons  stated,  that  the  contract  surgeons  serving  in  his  department,  when  it  is  found  imprac- 
ticable for  them  to  submit  their  vouchers  to  a  paymaster,  be  authorized  to  transfer  same  to  the 
Northern  Commercial  Company. 

"Attention  is  invited  to  the  opinion  of  the  Paymaster-General,  as  contained  in  the  third  indorse- 
ment on  letter  referred  to,  in  which  it  is  stated  that  there  seems  to  be  no  good  reason  why  contract 
surgeons  ^ould  not  be  permitted  to  assign  their  accounts  as  suggested.  In  accordance  with  the 
recommendation  of  the  above-named  officer,  the  matter  is  submitted  to  you  with  request  for  a 
modification  of  your  decision  of  December  27,  1894,  if  practicable,  so  as  to  permit  contract  surgeons 
to  assign  their  accounts  the  same  as  commissioned  officers  of  the  Army. 

"The  return  of  the  accompanying  letter  is  also  requested." 

The  communication  of  Brigadier-General  George  M.  Randall,  commanding  the  Department  of  the 
Columbia,  addressed  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  under  date  of  June  14,  1902,  is  as  follows: 

"I  have  the  honor  to  recommend  that  the  contract  surgeons  serving  in  this  department,  when  it  is 
impracticable  for  them  to  submit  their  vouchers  to  a  paymaster,  be  authorized  to  transfer  them  to 
the  Northern  Commercial  Company,  and  that  commanding  officers  be  required  to  certify  that  the 
fact  of  the  transfer  with  date  of  payment  has  been  noted  on  the  contract.  This  is  the  only  method 
by  which  contract  surgeons  can  be  paid  in  northern  Alaska.  For  nearly  two  years  it  has  been  the 
custom  to  make  payments  to  acting  assistant  surgeons  and  contract  surgeons  in  northern  Alaska  in 
the  manner  recommended  on  the  approval  of  the  department  commander.  Contract  surgeons  are 
stationed  at  points  in  northern  Alaska  where  it  would  be  impracticable  to  pay  them  in  any  other  way 
than  by  a  transfer  of  their  vouchers." 

The  indorsement  of  the  Paymaster-General  of  the  Army  thereon,  referred  to  by  you,  is  as  follows: 

"Respectfully  returned  to  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  inviting  attention  to  Circular  13, 
Adjutant-General's  Office,  1895,  and  the  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of  December  27,  1894,  therein 
referred  to,  which  heretofore  has  been  held  as  applying  to  all  classes  of  accounts  except  officers'  pay 
accounts  and  soldiers'  final  statements.  As  contract  surgeons  are  quasi  officers,  and  frequently 
charged  Avith  the  performance  of  duties  usually  performed  by  officers,  there  seems  no  good  reason 
why  they  should  not  be  permitted  to  assign  their  accounts,  especially  under  such  circumstances  as 
within  cited.  It  is  recommended  that  the  Comptroller  be  requested  to  so  far  modify  his  decision  as 
to  permit  contract  surgeons  to  assign  tlieir  accounts,  the  same  as  commissioned  officers  of  the  Army." 

Section  3477,  Revised  Statutes,  provides: 

"All  transfers  and  assignments  made  of  any  claim  upon  the  United  States,  or  of  any  part  or  share 
thereof,  or  interest  therein,  whether  absolute  or  conditional,  and  whatever  may  be  the  consideration 
therefor,  and  all  powers  of  attorney,  orders,  or  other  authorities  for  receiving  payment  of  any  such 
claim,  or  of  any  part  or  share  thereof,  shall  be  absolutely  null  and  void,  unless  they  are  freely  made 
and  executed  in  the  presence  of  at  least  two  attesting  witnesses,  after  the  allowance  of  such  a  claim, 
the  ascertainment  of  the  amount  due,  and  the  issuing  of  a  warrant  for  the  payment  thereof." 

Section  1291,  Revised  Statutes,  provides  that— 

"  No  assignment  of  pay  by  a  noncommissioned  officer  or  private  previous  to  his  discharge  shall  be 
valid." 

This  has  been  regarded  as  permitting  the  transfer  or  assignment,  by  an  enlisted  man,  of  a  claim 
for  pay  due  on  his  final  statements  when  made  after  his  discharge  from  the  service,  in  accordance 
with  the  formalities  prescribed  by  the  Army  Regulations.  I  know  of  no  statutory  provision,  how- 
ever, which  authorizes  commissioned  officers  of  the  Army  to  transfer  or  assign  their  pay  accounts 
after  the  same  become  due,  but  under  Army  Regulations,  sanctioned  by  a  long-continued  and 
unbroken  practice  in  the  accounting  offices,  such  transfers  or  assignments  have  been  and  are  recog- 
nized. (Par.  1349,  A.  R.,  1863;  par.  238,  id.,  1881;  par.  1440,  id.,  1889;  par.  300,  id.,  1895,  and  par.  1447, 
id.,  1901.    See  also  G.  O.  No.  112  of  1884.) 


APPENDIX.  403 

Transfers  or  assignments  made  in  accordance  with  the  Army  Regulations  have  been  recognized  by 
tlie  paymasters  of  the  Army,  and  when  payments  have  been  made  under  them  the  paymaster  has 
been  held  to  be  entitled  to  credit  for  the  disbursement  in  his  accounts.  Such  assignments  also  fur- 
nish a  good  acquittance  to  the  United  States  as  against  the  officers  making  the  assignments. 
(McKnight  v.  U.  S.,  98  U.  S.,  179;  Bailey  v.  U.  S.,  109  U.  S.,  432.) 

Such  assignments  appear  to  have  been  recognized  by  the  accounting  officers  upon  the  theory  that 
the  right  of  an  officer  of  the  Army  to  his  current  pay  was  not  a  "claim  upon  the  United  States" 
within  the  meaning  of  section  3477,  Revised  Statutes,  and  hence  not  within  the  prohibition  of  the 
statute.  (Digest  Second  Comp.  Dec,  vol.  3,  sees.  154,  161,  and  162.)  Such  recognition  having  pre- 
vailed for  a  long  period  of  time  the  practice  should  not  now  be  disturbed,  but  I  do  Jiot  think  it 
properly  can  or  should  be  extended  to  other  classes  of  officers  or  employees  of  the  Government. 

Contract  or  acting  assistant  surgeons  are  civilian  employees.  (Digest  Second  Comp.  Dec,  vol.  3, 
sees.  929  and  932. )  Their  employment  and  compensation  are  dependent  upon  contract.  Th^ir  right 
of  demand  to  salary  is  a  "  claim  upon  the  United  States"  within  the  meaning  of  section  3477,  supra, 
and  therefore  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  they  are  prohibited  by  said  section  from  transferring  or  assign- 
ing their  current  pay  accounts.  Any  such  transfer  or  assignment  would  be  within  the  prohibition 
of  the  statute,  and -hence  "  absolutely  null  and  void."  Any  Executive  order  authorizing  such  trans- 
fers or  assignments  Avould  be  in  contravention  of  the  law  and  without  effect. 

I  appreciate  the  difficulties  as  set  forth  by  Brigadier-General  Randall  in  his  communication  above, 
and,  notwithstanding  the  fact  that  contract  surgeons  are  quasi  officers,  performing  many  of  the  duties 
of  the  regularly  commissioned  officers,  I  think  that  the  Executive  arm  of  the  Government  is  power- 
less to  afford  any  relief.  If  any  exception  is  to  be  made  in  their  favor  it  must  be  by  a  Congressional 
enactment. 

The  original  papers  are  returned  as  requested. 

Respectfully,  R.  J.  Tkacewell,  Comptroller. 

{Far.  1447,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  42,  Sept.  9,  1902.] 

The  Acting  Secretary  of  War  having  concurred  in  an  opinion  by  the  Judge  Advo- 
cate General  of  the  Army  that  under  a  recent  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of  the 
Treasury,  rendered  for  the  Navy  Department  April  8,  1902,  the  remains  of  soldiers 
dying  at  posts  or  stations  within  the  United  States  when  buried  thereat  can  not 
be  disinterred,  reincased,  and  shipped  home  at  public  expense,  there  being  no  specific 
appropriation  covering  such  expenditures  and  the  appropriation  "Incidental 
Expenses, ' '  from  which  the  cost  of  original  interment  is  made,  not  being  available 
for  subsequent  disinterment,  commanding  officers  at  all  posts  or  stations  within  the 
United  States  will  use  every  effort  to  ascertain  and  promptly  communicate  by  tele- 
graph with  relatives  or  friends  of  soldiers  dying  thereat  in  order  that  such  relatives 
or  friends  may  be  given  full  opportunity  to  request  that  remains  be  sent  home  before 
they  are  buried  at  the  post  or  station.  Reference  in  this  connection  is  made  to  par- 
agraph 180,  Army  Regulations. 

The  Comptroller's  decision  herein  referred  to  does  not  prohibit  the  disinterment 
of  the  remains  of  soldiers  dying  in  Alaska,  as  there  is  a  specific  appropriation  therefor. 

{Par.  180,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  44,  Sept.  16,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comp- 
troller of  the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of 
all  concerned: 

Extra-duty  pay  on  and  after  April  26,  1898.     Question  of  credit  to  a  disbursing  officer  for  payments  made  on 

and  after  that  date. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  op  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  August  29,  1902. 
Captain  Edgar  S.  Walker,  Eighth  U.  S.  Infantry,  appealed  August  12,  1902,  from  the  action  of  the 
Auditor  for  the  War  Department  in  settlement  No.  26287,  dated  A\igust  27,  1902,  of  his  subsistence 
accounts  as  acting  commissary  of  subsistence.    At  the  time  the  appeal  was  filed  in  this  oflOice  the 


404  APPENDIX. 

Auditor  had  not  settled  the  accounts  of  the  disbursing  oflScer,  having  merely  suspended  action  on  the 
vouchers  in  question,  but  subsequent  to  the  call  for  the  papers  by  this  office  the  Auditor  disallowed 
three  items  in  the  officer's  account  as  follows: 

April,  1898.     F.  Y.  1898. 

Abstract  of  Disbursements. 

Vou.  1.  Extra-duty  Pay  Roll,  disallowed  in  part  August  27,  1902 SI.  75 

Payment  for  extra-duty  services  on  and  after  April  26,  1898,  prohibited  by  act  of  Congress  of 
that  date.    See  G.  O.,  A.  G.  O.,  No.  29,  1898. 

May,  1898.     F.  Y.  1898. 

Abstract  of  Disbursements. 

Vou.  1.  Extra-duty  Pay  Roll,  disallowed  August  27,  1902,  as  per  remark  to  Vou.  1,  April,  1898..  10.85 

June,  1898.    F.  Y.  1898. 

Abstract  of  Disbursements. 

Vou.  4.  Extra-duty  Pay  Roll,  disalljwed  August  27,  1902,  as  per  remark  to  Vou.  1,  April,  1898..  10.50 

The  paper  filed  by  Captain  Walker  on  August  12, 1902,  will  beregarded  as  an  appeal  from  the  action 
of  the  Auditor  in  disallowing  said  items. 

Section  6  of  the  act  of  April  26, 1898  (30  Stat.,  365),  provides: 

"  That  in  time  of  war  the  pay  proper  of  enlisted  men  shall  be  increased  20  per  centum  over  and 
above  the  rates  of  pay  as  fixed  by  law:  Provided,  That  in  war  time  no  additional  increased  compen- 
sation shall  be  allowed  to  soldiers  performing  what  is  known  as  extra  or  special  duty."    *    *    * 

Captain  Walker  contends  that  he  had  no  notice  of  the  passage  of  said  act  until  after  the  payments 
had  been  made,  inasmuch  as  the  first  mail  to  arrive  in  Alaska  after  the  passage  of  the  act  was  on  or 
about  July  18,  1898,  which  brought  him  notice  of  the  passage  of  the  act. 

The  accounting  officers  are  powerless  to  give  favorable  consideration  to  the  officer's  contention. 
The  act  is  mandatory,  and  they  have  no  discretion  in  carrying  into  effect  its  plain  provisions.  The  act 
took  effect  on  the  date  of  its  approval  by  the  President,  namely,  April  26, 1898,  and  payments  of  extra- 
duty  pay  on  and  after  date  were  in  contravention  of  law  and  a  disbursing  officer  making  them  can 
not,  under  the  law,  have  credit  for  same  in  the  settlement  of  his  accounts.  If  the  soldier  who 
received  the  extra-duty  pay  has  money  due  him  for  increase  of  his  pay  proper,  or  otherwise,  an 
amount  sufficient  to  offset  the  overpayment  o  him  should  be  withheld  and  carried  to  the  credit  of 
Captain  Walker  in  his  accounts.  If  there  is  nothing  dvie  such  soldier,  then  there  is  nothing  for  Cap- 
tain Walker  to  do  but  to  reimburse  the  Government  from  his  private  funds  for  the  amount  erro- 
neously paid  by  him,  or  else  seek  relief  through  Congressional  enactment. 

The  action  of  the  Auditor  in  disallowing  the  several  items  is  affirmed. 

{Far.  183,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  45,  Sept.  17,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Acting  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comp- 
troller of  the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance 
of  all  concerned : 

Duly  subpcenaed  witnesses  who  attend  courts-martial  in  the  Philippine  Islands  are  entitled  to  per  diem  pay 

and  mileage  allowed  witnesses  in  attendance  upon  United  States  courts,  i.  e.,  $1.50  per  day  for  each  day 

actually  in  attendance  upon  the  court  and  5  cents  a  mile  for  going  from  their  place  of  residence  to  the  place 

of  trial  and  5  cents  a  mile  for  returning. 
An  employee  of  the  civil  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  who  is  paid  from  insular  funds  of  the  islands 

is  not  held  to  he  in  the  employ  of  the  United  States. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  August  20, 1902. 
The  Honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  communication  of  the  15tli  instant, 
requesting  my  decision  as  follows: 

"I  have  the  honor  to  transmit  herewith,  together  with  other  papers,  a  letter  from  the  chief  pay- 
master, Division  of  the  Philippines,  dated  June  11th,  last,  relative  to  the  vouchers  presented  by  Mr. 
J.  A.  Glover,  an  employee  of  the  civil  government  of  the  Philippines,  for  services  as  a  witness  before 
a  general  court-martial  convened  at  Catbalogan,  Philippine  Islands,  by  paragraph  15,  Special  Orders, 
102,  Headquarters  of  the  Army,  dated  April  30,  1902. 

"It  will  be  seen  from  these  papers  that  transportation  in  kind  was  furnished  this  witness  on  an 
army  transport  for  the  entire  travel  performed  in  going  to  the  court  and  returning  therefrom. 

"Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  view  of  the  Judge  Advocate  General  of  the  Army,  as  set 
forth  in  6th  indorsement  on  letter  above  referred  to,  and  in  accordance  with  the  recommendation  of 
the  military  authorities,  the  papers  are  submitted  to  you  with  request  for  decision  on  the  following 
points: 

"First.  Is  a  civilian  witness  entitled  to  receive  the  5  cents  per  mile  as  provided  in  paragraph 


APPENDIX.  405 

1067,  Army  Regulations,  when  transportation  has  been  furnished  by  the  Government  for  the  travel 
necessarily  performed  in  appearing  before  a  military  court-martial? 

"Second.  Is  an  employee  of  the  civil  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  who  receives  payment 
from  the  insular  funds  to  be  regarded  as  a  civilian  in  the  Government  employ  within  the  meaning 
of  paragraph  1066,  Army  Regulations? 

"The  return  of  the  accompanying  papers,  with  your  reply,  is  also  requested." 

Section  848,  Revised  Statutes,  provides: 

"  For  each  day's  attendance  in  court,  or  before  any  officer  pursuant  to  law,  one  dollar  and  fifty 
cents,  and  five  cents  a  mile  for  going  from  his  place  of  residence  to  the  place  of  trial  or  hearing,  and 
five  cents  a  mile  for  returning."    *    *    *  — ^ 

The  paragraphs  of  Army  Regulations,  1901,  cited  by  you  are  as  follows: 

"106(5.  Civilians  in  the  employ  of  the  Government  when  traveling  upon  summons  as  witnesses 
before  military  courts  are  entitled  to  transportation  in  kind  from  their  place  of  residence  to  the  place 
where  the  court  is  in  session  and  return.  If  no  transportation  be  furnished,  they^re  entitled  to 
reimbursement  of  the  cost  of  travel  actually  performed  by  the  shortest  usually  traveled  route,  includ- 
ing transfers  to  and  from  railway  stations,  at  rates  not  exceeding  50  cents  for  each  transfer,  and  the 
cost  of  a  double  berth  in  a  sleeping  car  or  steamer  when  an  extra  charge  is  made  therefor.  They 
are  also  entitled  to  reimbursement  of  the  actual  cost  of  meals  and  rooms  at  a  rate  not  exceeding  $3 
per  day  for  each  day  actually  and  unavoidably  consumed  in  travel  or  in  attendance  upon  the  court 
under  the  order  or  summons.  No  allowance  will  be  made  to  them  when  attendance  upon  court  does 
not  require  them  to  leave  their  stations. 

"  1067.  A  civilian  not  in  Government  employ  duly  summoned  to  appear  as  a  witness  before  a  mili- 
tary court  will  receive  $1.50  per  day  for  each  day  actually  in  attendance  upon  the  court,  and  5  cents 
a  mile  for  going  from  his  place  of  residence  to  the  place  of  trial  or  hearing,  and  5  cents  a  mile  for 
returning;  but  in  "Wyoming,  Montana,  Washington,  Oregon,  California,  Utah,  New  Mexico,  Arizona, 
and  Porto  Rico  he  will  be  paid  15  cents  for  each  mile  necessarily  traveled  over  any  stage  line  or  by 
private  conveyance,  and  in  Porto  Rico  10  cents  for  each  mile  over  any  railway,  in  such  travel." 

It  appears  from  the  papers  submitted  that  Mr.  J.  A.  Glover,  an  employee  of  the  civil  government 
of  the  Philippine  Islands,  stationed  at  Manila,  was  on  May  10,  1902,  summoned  to  appear  on  May  12, 
1902,  before  a  general  court-martial  convened  at  Catbalogan,  Philippine  Islands.  Transportation  in 
kind,  without  subsistence  or  other  expenses,  was  furnished  him  on  an  army  transport  for  the  entire 
travel  performed  in  going  to  the  court  and  returning  therefrom.  He  presents  an  account  to  the  pay- 
master ainounting  to  $50.70,  being  $40.20  mileage  from  Manila  to  Catbalogan  and  return,  804  miles,  at 
5  cents  per  mile,  and  $10.50,  the  per  diem  allowance  while  in  attendance  on  the  court-martial  from 
May  23  to  29,  1902,  seven  days,  at  $1.50  per  day.  My  decision  is  requested  as  to  whether  this  account 
is  properly  payable  under  the  laws  and  regulations  governing  such  matters. 

There  may  be  a  question  whether  section  1202,  Revised  Statutes,  and  the  act  of  March  2,  1901  (31 
Stat.,  950),  relating  to  the  right  of  a  judge-advocate  of  a  court-martial  to  compel  witnesses  to  appear 
and  testify  before  a  court-martial  are  operative  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  because  the  fact  that  there 
are  no  United  States  courts  in  the  islands,  and  hence  no  process  by  which  a  judge-advocate  can 
enforce  the  provisions  of  the  law;  but  whether  they  are  or  not,  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  when  a  wit 
ness  who  is  duly  subpoenaed  does  attend,  his  attendance  must  be  considered  as  "pursuant  to  law" 
within  the  meaning  of  the  statute.  The,  term  "  in  court,"  as  used  in  section  848  of  the  Revised  Stat- 
utes, has  been  held  by  this  office  to  be  broad  enough  to  include  a  court-martial,  and  that  civilian 
witnesses,  who  appeared  before  courts-martial  on  proper  summons,  were  entitled  to  the  compensa- 
tion paid  witnesses  in  attendance  upon  United  States  courts.  (1  Comp.  Dec,  79.)  The  fees  pre- 
scribed by  the  statute  are  $1.50  for  each  day's  attendance  upon  the  court,  and  5  cents  per  mile  in 
going  from  place  of  residence  to  place  of  trial,  and  5  cents  per  mile  for  returning.  It  seerhs  clear 
that  this  provision  for  the  payment  of  fees  is  applicable  wherever  courts-martial  may  sit.  The 
5  cents  per  mile  specified  in  the  statute  was  evidently  intended  as  a  compensation  to  witness  for 
both  the  cost  of  his  transportation  and  living  expenses  while  en  route  to  the  place  of  trial.  If  this  be 
so,  the  furnishing  of  transportation  alone  would  not  defeat  the  right  of  the  witness  to  the  full  5  cents 
per  mile  fixed  by  the  stjitute.  In  order  to  defeat  such  right,  it  would  seem  that  the  Government 
must  furnish  everything  for  which  the  5  cents  per  mile  is  a  compensiition.     (MS.  Dec,  vol.  17,  p.  285.) 

The  present  mileage  laws  provide  that  officers  traveling  under  orders  shall  receive  7  cents  per  mile, 
and  no  more;  but  that  when  transportation  in  kind  is  furnished  by  the  Government  there  should  be 
deducted  from  the  officer's  mileage  account  3  cents  per  mile  for  the  distance  for  which  transportation 
is  furnished. 

This  means  that  about  42.69  per  cent  of  the  7  cents  per  mile  is  for  transportation,  and  about  57.31  per 
cent  is  for  the  subsistence  and  other  traveling  expenses  of  the  oflicer.  The  payment  of  mileage  to 
witnesses  before  courts-martial  is  analogous  to  the  payment  of  mileage  to  officers  of  the  Army,  and 
carrying  the  analogy  to  the  present  case  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  42.69  per  cent  of  the  5  cents  per 
mile  allowed  should  be  charged  against  the  accounts  of  the  witness  because  of  the  transportation 
which  was  furnished  iiim  on  an  army  transport.  For  the  travel  performed  and  under  all  the  cir- 
cumstances, this  would  seem  to  be  the  only  fair  rule  for  detennining  the  proper  deduction.  The 
travel  being  in  the  Philippine  Islands  makes  the  case  exceptional. 

A •<  to  whether  an  employee  of  the  civil  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  who  receives  pay- 
ment from  the  insular  funds,  is  in  the  employ  of  the  United  States  Government  within  the  meaning 


406  APPENDIX. 

of  paragraph  1066,  Army  Regulations,  supra,  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  he  is  not.  That  regulation  was 
evidently  intended  to  apply  to  those  persons  who  were  employed  by  and  paid  from  the  public  funds 
of  the  United  States.  The  civil  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is,  It  is  true,  under  the  author- 
ity of  the  United  States,  such  authority  being  exercised  under  and  in  conformity  to  the  President's 
instructions  to  the  Philippine  Commission,  and  subject  to  the  approval  and  control  of  the  Secretary 
of  War.  In  pursuance  of  the  act  of  March  2, 1901  (31  Stat.,  895,  910),  the  President,  on  June  21, 1901, 
directed  that  on  and  after  July  4,  1901,  the  president  of  the  Philippine  Commission  should  be  the 
civil  governor  of  the  islands,  and  should  exercise  the  executive  authority  in  all  civil  affairs  in  the 
government  of  the  islands  which  had  heretofore  been  exercised  by  the  military  governor  thereof. 
The  employees  of  the  civil  government  of  the  islands  are  appointed  by  the  proper  officers  thereof, 
and  as  they  are  paid  from  the  insular  funds  of  the  islands,  it  is  not  believed  that  sucli  persons  are  in 
the  employ  of  the  United  States  within  the  meaning  of  paragraph  1066  of  the  Army  Regulations, 
supra. 

As  explained  and  modified  herein,  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  you  are  authorized  to  direct  payment 
of  the  fee  account  of  Mr.  Glover. 

******* 
Respectfully, 

R.  J.  Tracewell, 

Comptroller. 
{Pars.  1066  and  1067,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  48,  Oct.  2,  1902.]  , 

I.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army 
for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Expendable  material. — All  components  or  appendages  of  ordnance  stores  issued 
to  the  Army  for  the  replacement  of  like  parts  worn-out  in  service  or  lost,  and  all 
leather  or  sponge  material  issued  to  the  Army  to  make  like  components  for  repairs, 
also  paints,  oils,  lumber,  nails,  and  screws  used  for  repairs  and  preservation  of 
ordnance  stores,  and  all  lighting  and  cleaning  material  for  use  and  preservation 
of  ordnapce  stores,  are  expendable  and  can  be  dropped  from  the  property  returns 
when  actually  used  for  the  above-described  purposes. 

{Par.  1713,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  49,  Oct.  9,  1902.] 

The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  infor- 
mation and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Subsistence  of  recruits  and  recruiting  parties. — The  revocation  by  General 
Orders,  No.  133,  October  11,  1901,  from  this  office,  of  the  provisions  of  all  general 
orders  and  circulars  theretofore  issued  from  this  office  relating  to  the  subsistence  of 
recruits  and  recruiting  parties  which  are  not  embodied  in  the  Army  Regulations  of 
1901,  or  in  General  Orders,  No.  130,  October  3,  1901,  was  not  intended  to  apply  to 
paragraph  I,  General  Orders,  No.  41,  March  26,  1901,  from  this  office,  which  pro- 
vides for  the  occasional  and  temporary  employment  of  an  enlisted  man  sent  out  from 
a  military  post  for  the  purposes  therein  indicated. 

While  the  order  last  cited  does  not  expressly  limit  the  number  of  days  for  which 
commutation  of  rations  at  the  rate  of  $1.50  per  day  may  be  allowed  an  enlisted  man 
thus  employed,  such  trips  are  expected  to  be  of  short  duration  and  limited  to  cities 
and  towns  adjacent  to  the  post  concerned  and  which  are  not  canvassed  from  any  city 
station  of  the  general  recruiting  service. 

{Par.  1410,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  51,jOct.  24,  1902.] 

I.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  the  Army 
for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

1.  Disbursing  officers,  whether  in  the  line  or  staff,  when  issuing  checks,  will  be 


APPENDIX.  407 

governed  by  the  provisions  of  paragraph  I,  Circular  No.  (5,  March  1,  1900,  from  this 
office. 

{Far.  678,  A.  R.) 

2.  Officers  detailed  for  duty  and  to  fill  vacancies  in  the  several  staff  departments 
will,  in  their  official  correspondence,  affix  their  signatures  as  required  by'paragraph  I, 
Circular  No.  9,  March  21,  1901,  from  this  office. 

{Par.  841,  A.  R.) 

II.  By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  to  th«  Army 
for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

At  every  artillery  post  before  any  artillery  firing  or  any  ballistic  test  takes  place 
due  notice  thereof  shall  be  given  by  the  post  commander  to  the  artillery  district  com- 
mander and  all  correspondence  relating  thereto  shall  pass  through  the  latter' sofl&ce. 

{Par.  411,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  53,  Nov.  12,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  is  published  for  the  informa- 
tion of  all  concerned : 

Under  date  of  February  4,  1901,  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  decided  as 
follows: 

"A  soldier  who  is  detained  in  the  service  by  delay  incident  to  the  muster  out  of  troops  after  the 
expiration  of  his  term  of  enlistment  for  tliree  years  is  entitled  to  pay  during  the  period  of  his  deten- 
tion, as  an  incident  to  his  term  of  enlistment,  at  the  rate  to  which  he  was  entitled  at  the  expiration 
thereof,  but  not  to  increased  pay  for  the  fourth  year  of  his  enlistment.  The  right  to  an  increase  of 
pay  for  the  fourth  and  fifth  years  of  service  can  only  arise  upon  reenlistment." 

Company  and  detachment  commanders  in  carrying  out  the  provisions  of  paragraph 
164  of  the  regulations  will  in  the  case  of  soldiers  detained  in  service  under  the  cir- 
cumstances set  forth  by  the  Comptroller  exercise  the  utmost  care  in  computing  con- 
tinuous service  at  date  of  discharge,  so  that  the  soldiers  shall  receive  credit  only  for 
the  term  for  which  they  enlisted. 

{Par.  164,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  54,  Nov.  14,  1902.] 
******* 

2.  Accounts  of  officers  becoming  insane. — The  same  action  will  be  taken  by  the 
commanding  officer,  in  the  case  of  an  officer  in  charge  of  public  funds  or  property, 
who  becomes  insane,  as  is  required  by  paragraph  97  of  the  Regulations  to  be  taken 
in  the  case  of  the  death  of  an  officer. 

{Par.  97,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  55,  Dec.  1,  1902.] 

The  following  opinion  and  decision  of  the  Secretary  of  War  are  published  for  the 
information  of  all  concerned: 

War  Department,  Watt/iinr/toii,  December  1,  1902. 
A  review  of  the  statutes  providing  for  the  examination  of  enlisted  men  for  promotion  to  the  grade 
of  second  lieutenant  has  satisfied  me  that  it  was  not  the  intent  of  Congress  to  include  the  attendance 
of  a  cadet  at  the  United  States  Military  Academy  as  any  part  of  the  two  years'  service  which  is  nec- 
essary to  entitle  an  enlisted  man  to  compete  for  promotion.  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  rtct  of  July 
30, 1892,  in  providing  that  soldiers  who  have  served  honorably  not  less  than  two  years  in  the  Army 
may  compete  for  promotion,  refers  to  enlisted  services  only.  It  was  designed  to  benefit  the  rank  and 
file  of  the  Army  and  not  the  young  men  who  for  any  cause  have  been  dropped  from  their  West  Point 
classes  before  the  end  of  the  course.    Accordingly,  no  enlisted  man  will  hereafter  be  permitted  to 


408  APPENDIX. 

compete  for  promotion  from  the  ranks  except  upon  compliance  with  the  statutory  requirement  of 
two  years'  enlisted  service. 

The  decision  contained  in  Circular  No.  7,  from  Headquarters  of  the  Army,  Adjutant-General's 
Office,  dated  March  20,  1900,  was  erroneous  and  is  now  revoked. 

ELIHU  ROOT, 
Secretary  of  War. 
{Par.  27,  A.  R.) 


[Cir.  57.     Dec.  3,  1902.] 

1.  Mileage  of  officers  of  the  Army  where  transportation  and  subsistence  were  furnished  for  a  portion  of  the 
journey.  Where  an  officer  of  the  Army  was  furnished  transportation  and  subsistence  over  a  portion  of  a 
journey  which  he  was  directed  to  perform,  although  by  a  route  other  than  the  established  route,  he  is  only 
entitle  I  to  mileage  from  the  point  to  which  he  was  transported. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  August  lU,  1902. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  The  Auditor  for  the  War  Department  has  reported  for  approval,  disapproval,  or  modification 
the  following  decision,  making  an  original  construction  of  a  statute: 

"William  L.  Alexander,  major  and  commissary  of  subsistence,  U.S.  Army,  while  stationed  at  Habana, 
Cuba,  was,  on  October  16,  1901,  by  Special  Orders,  No.  239,  Adjutant-General's  Office,  of  that  date, 
directed  to  repair  to  Washington,  D.  C,  on  official  business,  and  upon  completion  of  his  duty  to  return 
to  his  proper  station.  The  order  stated:  '  The  travel  enjoined  is  necessary  for  the  public  service.'  He 
was  furnished  transportation  by  the  Quartermaster's  Department  from  Habana,  Cuba,  to  New  York 
City  by  commercial  steamer,  which  included  stateroom  and  all  other  living  expenses,  and  returned 
via  Port  Tampa,  Fla.,  for  which  no  transportation  Avas  furnished.  Paymaster  Muhlenberg  paid  him 
7  cents  per  mile  from  New  York  City  to  Washington,  D.  C.  (228  miles),  and  from  Washington,  D.  C, 
to  Port  Tampa,  Fla.,  1,016  miles,  and  actual  expenses  for  the  sea  portion  of  the  journey  from  Port  Tampa 
to  Habana,  Cuba.  He  claims  the  difference  between  the  amount  paid  him  and  the  amount  he  should 
have  received  by  computing  his  mileage  to  and  from  Washington,  D.  C,  by  way  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  the 
route  established  by  the  Paymaster-General. 

"  He  was  entitled  to  mileage  on  his  order  under  the  provisions  made  in  the  Army  appropriation  act 
of  March  2, 1901  (31  Stat.,  901),  which,  so  far  as  material  in  this  case,  provides: 

"  '  For  mileage  to  officers  and  contract  surgeons  Avhen  authorized  by  law,  $500,000:  Provided,  That 
hereafter  officers  so  traveling  shall  be  paid  7  cents  per  mile,  and  no  more,  distance  to  be  computed 
and  mileage  to  be  paid  over  the  shortest  usually  traveled  routes,  with  deduction  as  hereinafter  pro- 
vided, and  payment  and  settlement  of  mileage  accounts  of  officers  shall  be  made  according  to  dis- 
tances, and  deductions  computed  over  routes  established  and  by  mileage  tables  prepared  by  the 
Paymaster-General  of  the  Army,  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War.  *  *  *  Provided  fur- 
ther, That  officers  who  so  desire  may,  on  application  to  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  be  furnished 
with  transportation  requests,  exclusive  of  sleeping  and  parlor  car  accommodations,  for  the  entire 
journey  under  their  ordeis,  and  the  transportation  so  furnished  shall  be  a  charge  against  the  officer's 
mileage  account  to  be  deducted  at  the  rate  of  3  cents  per  mile  by  the  paymaster  paying  the  account. 
'*  *  *  .4nd  prov/ded/wriAer,  That  actual  expenses  only  shall  be  paid  to  officers  for  sea  travel  when 
traveling  as  herein  provided  for,  to,  from,  or  between  our  island  possessions.  *  *  *  All  laws  or 
parts  of  laws  inconsistent  with  the  provisions  of  this  act  are  hereby  repealed.' 

"This  act  fixed  the  measure  of  allowance  for  mileage -at  7  cents  per  mile,  computed  over  routes 
established  by  mileage  tables  prepared  by  the  Paymaster-General  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary 
of  War.  The  law  is  clear  that  the  mileage  must  be  computed  at  7  cents  per  mile  over  established 
routes.  It  permits  the  officer  to  obtain  transportation  in  kind  from  the  Quartermaster's  Department, 
and  provides  that  the  transportation  furnished  shall  be  a  charge^gainst  the  officer's  mileage  account, 
to  be  deducted  at  the  rate  of  3  cents  per  mile. 

"Under  previous  appropriation  acts  mileage  was  spokenof  as  a  'subsistence  fund,'  and  has  very 
properly  been  held  to  be  not  an  emolument,  but  a  measure  of  reimbursement  for  incidental  expenses. 
It  does  not  appear  to  be  the  intent  of  the  provisions  Qf  the  appropriation  act  of  March  2,  1901,  supra, 
to  change  the  character  of  the  allowance,  but  merely  to  change  the  mode  of  computation.  It  would 
seem  that  if  transportation  and  all  living  or  incidental  expenses  should  be  furnished  or  paid  for  by 
the  Government,  the  reason  for  the  law  would  fail,  and  that  there  could  be  no  legal  claim  for  mileage. 
If  for  any  reason  the  Government  should,  without  expense  to  the  officer,  transport  him  by  a  route 
other  than  the  established  route  to  a  point  nearer  his  destination  than  the  point  from  which  mileage 
would  be  computed  over  the  established  route  under  the  law,  it  would  seem  equally  clear  that  mile- 
age should  be  allowed  from  the  point  to  which  thus  transiw)rted  only,  and  that  mileage  should  be 
computed  over  the  established  route  between  the  point  to  which  transported  and  the  point  of 
destination. 


APPENDIX.  409 

"In  view  of  the  foregoing,  I  am  of  the  opinion,  and  so  decide,  that  Maj.  William  L.  Alexander  is 
entitled  to  mileage  for  the  land  portion  of  his  journey  from  Habana,  Ciba,  and  return,  from  New 
York  City  to  Washington,  D.  C,  and  from  Washington,  D.  C,  to  Port  Tampa,  Fla.,  and  to  actual 
expenses  from  Port  Tampa  to  Habana,  Cuba." 
The  decision  of  the  Auditor  appears  to  be  correct,  and  is  approved. 

Respectfully,  R.  J.  Tkacewell, 

Comptroller. 
{Par.  1473,  A.  R.) 


2.  An  enlisted  man  is  not  entitled  to  count  time  mn^ed  as  a  cadet  i7i  computing  his  pay  for  continuous  service. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  November  17,  1902. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sir:  I  am  in  receipt,  by  your  direction,  of  a  communication  from  the  Paymaster-General  of  the 
Army,  dated  October  31,  1902,  requesting  my  decision,  as  follows: 

"Respectfully  referred  to  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury,  through  the  Adjutant-General  of  the 
Army,  requesting  decision  whether  the  soldier  referred  to  is  entitled  to  count  time  served  as  a  cadet 
at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  in  computing  his  pay  for  continuous  service,  he  having  enlisted  in  the 
Army  within  three  months  after  his  discharge  from  the  Military  Academy.  By  authority  of  the 
Secretary  of  War." 

The  Assistant  Adjutant-General,  U.  S.  Army,  states  that  the  records  of  the  War  Department  show 
that  James  M.  Gould  was  admitted  into  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  at  West  Point  August  30,  1899, 
and  was  discharged  therefrom  January  IG,  1902,  to  take  effect  January  25,  1902,  and  that  he  was 
enlisted  March  4,  1902,  and  assigned  to  Company  M,  Ninth  U.  S.  Infantry. 

The  question  to  be  decided  is  whether  the  time  served  as  a  cadet  at  the  Military  Academy  can  be 
counted  in  computing  the  soldier's  pay  for  continuous  service  as  an  enlisted  man  in  the  Ninth  U.  S. 
Infantry. 

Section  1284,  Revised  Statutes,  as  amended  by  the  act  of  August  1,  1894  (28  Stat.,  215),  provides: 

"Every  soldier  who,  having  been  honorably  discharged,  reenlists  within  three  months  thereafter, 
shall  be  further  entitled,  after  five  years'  service,  including  his  first  enlistment,  to  receive  for  the 
period  of  five  years  next  thereafter,  $2  per  month  in  addition  to  the  ordinary  pay  of  his  grade;  and 
for  each  successive  period  of  five  years  of  service,  so  long  as  he  shall  remain  continuously  in  the  Army, 
a  further  sura  of  $1  per  month.  The  past  continuous  service  of  soldiers  now  in  the  Army  shall  be 
taken  into  account,  and  shall  entitle  such  soldier  to  additional  pay  according  to  this  rule;  but  services 
rendered  prior  to  August  4,  1854,  shall  in  no  case  be  accounted  as  more  than  one  enlistment." 

This  statute  contemplates  continuous  service  rendered  as  a  soldier.  The  term  "soldier"  in  this 
connection  is  used  in  the  same  sense  as  in  section  1342,  Revised  Statutes,  namely,  to  designate  an 
enlisted  man  as  distinguished  from  a  commissioned  officer. 

It  has  been  held  by  the  accounting  officers,  in  construing  section  7  of  the  act  of  June  18,  1878  (20 
Stat.,  150),  that  a  cadet  of  the  Military  Academy  at  West  Point  is  not  an  enlisted  man.  (Digest  2d 
Comp.  Dec,  vol.  2,  sec.  799;  16  Op.  Att.  Gen.,  611;  16  Ct.  Cls.,  202.) 

Service  as  a  cadet  is  service  in  the  Army  (United  States  v.  Morton,  112  U.  S.,  !);■  but  it  is  not  service 
in  the  Army  as  an  enlisted  man,  as  construed  by  the  accounting  officers    *    *    *. 

I  am  of  the  opinion,  and  so  decide,  in  the  case  you  present,  that  the  soldier  is  not  entitled  to  count 
time  served  as  a  cadet  in  computing  his  pay  for  continuous  service  in  the  Ninth  U.  S.  Infantry. 
Respectfully, 

L.  P.  Mitchell, 

Assistant  Comptroller. 
{Pars.  21  and  1529,  A.  R.) 


War  Department,  Ad.tutant-General's  Office, 

Washington,  December  16,  1902. 

IT.  S.   ARMY    RECRUITIN(J    CIRCULAR. 

The  following  instructions  will  govern  recruiting  for  the  Regular  Army  hereafter: 
Applicants  for  first  enlistment  must  be  between  the  ages  of  21  and  35  years,  of 

good  character  and  temperate  habits,  able-bodied,  free  from  disease,  and  must  be 

able  to  speak,  read,  and  write  the  English  language.     Minors  will  not  be  enlisted. 
Original  enlistmentj  will  be  confined  to  persons  who  are  citizens  of  the  United 

States,  or  who  have  made  legal  declaration  of  their  intention  to  become  citizens 

thereof. 


410 


APPENDIX. 


Married  men  will  be  enlisted  only  upon  the  approval  of  a  regimental  commander, 
or  other  proper  commanding  officer  if  there  be  no  regimental  organization. 

Applicants  will  be  required  to  satisfy  the  recruiting  officer  regarding  age  and 
character,  and  should  be  prepared  to  furnish  the  necessary  evidence. 

For  infantry  and  coast  artillery  the  height  must  be  not  less  than  5  feet  4  inches 
and  weight  not  less  than  120  pounds  and  not  more  than  190  pounds. 

For  cavalry  and  field  artillery  the  height  must  be  not  less  than  5  feet  4  inches  and 
not  more  than  5  feet  10  inches,  and  weight  not  to  exceed  165  pounds.  No  minimum 
weight  is  prescribed  for  these  arms,  but  the  chest  measures  nuist  he  satisfactory. 

A  variation  not  exceeding  a  fraction  of  an  inch  in  height  is  permissible  if  the 
applicant  is  in  good  health  and  desirable  as  a  recruit. 

Table  of  physical  proportions  for  height,  weight,  and  chest  measurement. 


Chest  measurement. 

Height. 

Weight. 

At  expiration. 

Mobility. 

Ft.    In. 

Pounds. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

5t%    64 

128 

32 

2 

5A    65 

130 

32 

2 

5A    66 

132 

32i 

2 

5/5    67 

134 

33 

2 

5A    68 

141 

33i 

2h 

5Hj    69 

148 

33^ 

2i 

5i§    70 

155 

34 

2^ 

bjh    71 

162 

34i 

2i 

6        72 

169 

Mi 

3 

6^^    73 

176 

S5i 

It  is  not  necessary  that  the  applicant  should  conform  exactly  to  the  figures  indi- 
cated in  the  foregoing  table.  A  variation  not  exceeding  10  pounds  in  weight  or  2 
inches  in  chest  measurement  (at  expiration)  below  the  standard  given  in  the  table  is 
admissible  when  the  applicant  for  enlistment  is  active,  has  firm  muscles,  and  is 
evidently  vigorous  and  healthy.  The  table  is  given  to  show  what  is  regarded  as  a  fair 
standard  of  physical  proportions  and  not  as  an  absolute  guide  to  be  followed  in 
deciding  upon  the  acceptance  of  recruits. 

Marked  disproportion  of  weight  over  height  is  not  a  cause  for  rejection  unless  the 
applicant  be  positively  obese. 

Applicants  must  defray  their  own  expenses  to  the  place  of  enlistment.  Their 
fitness  for  the  military  service  can  be  determined  only  upon  examination  at  a  mili- 
tary post  or  other  recruiting  station. 

The  term  of  service  is  three  years. 

All  soldiers  receive  from  the  Government  (in  addition  to  their  pay)  rations,  cloth- 
ing, bedding,  medicines,  and  medical  attendance. 

The  following  are  the  rates  of  pay  as  fixed  by  law: 


Grade. 


Pay 
proper 

per 
month. 


COMPANY. 

Private — Cavalry,  artillery,  and  infantry 

Musician— Cavalry,  artillery,  and  infantry 

Wagoner— Cavalry 

Artificer— Field  artillery  and  infantry 

Saddler— Cavalry 

Farrier  and  blacksmith — Cavalry 

Corporal — Cavalry,  nrtillery,  and  infantry 

Cook— Cavalry,  artillery,  and  infantry 

Mechanic — Coast  artillery 

Sergeant— Cavalry,  artillery,  and  infantry 

Quartermaster-sergeant— Cavalry,  artillery,  and  infantry 
First  sergeant— Cavalry,  artillery,  and  infantry 


»]3 
13 
14 
15 
15 
15 
15 
18 
18 
18 
18 
25 


APPENDIX. 


411 


Grade. 


REGIMENT  OR  CORPS. 

Sergeant-major  and  quartermaster-sergeant— Cavalry  and  infantry 

Commissary-sergeant— Cavalry  and  infantry 

Sergeant-major  ^senior  grade) — Artillery 

Sergeant-major  (junior  grade)— Artillery 

Squadron  sergeant-major — Cavalry 

Battalion  sergeant-major- Infantry 

Color-sergeant— Cavalry  and  infantry 

Drum  major— Cavalry,  artillery,  and  infantry 

Chief  trumpeter— Cavalry  and  "artillery 

Principal  musician— Cavalry,  artillery,  and  infantry 

BATTALIONS  OF  ENGINEERS. 

Private  second  class — Company 

Private  first  class— Company 

Corporal  and  cook — Company 

Sergeant— Company 

Quartermaster-sergeant— Company 

Sergeant-major  and  quartermaster-sergeant — Battalion 


Pay 
proper 

per 
month. 


The  pay  proper  of  enlisted  men  ''serving  beyond  the  limits  of  the  States  compris- 
ing the  Union,  and  the  Territories  of  the  United  States  contiguous  thereto,"  is 
increased  twenty  per  centum  over  and  above  the  rates  of  pay  proper  as  given  above. 

When  soldiers  reenlist  within  three  months  of  date  of  discharge  their  service  is 
continuous,  and  for  such  continuous  service  there  is  added  $1  per  month  for  third 
year,  |2  per  month  for  fourth  year,  $3  per  month  for  fifth  year,  and  thereafter  $2  per 
month  additional  is  allowed  for  the  sixth  to  the  tenth  year,  inclusive,  and  for  con- 
tinuous service  of  more  than  ten  years  an  additional  $1  per  month  for  each  successive 
period  of  five  years 

The  soldier  can  deposit  his  savings  in  sums  not  less  than  $5  with  any  Army 
paymaster,  and  for  sums  so  deposited  for  the  period  of  six  months  or  longer,  the 
soldier,  on  his  final  discharge,  will  be  paid  interest  at  the  rate  of  four  per  cent  per 
annum.     These  deposits  are  nonforfeitable  except  for  desertion. 

Whenever  a  soldier  is  honorably  discharged  at  the  expiration  of  his  enlistment,  or 
on  account  of  disability  not  caused  by  his  own  misconduct,  his  travel-pay  is  ample 
to  carry  him  to  the  place  of  enlistment. 

By  care  and  economy  a  soldier  can  save  from  his  clothing  allowance  a  considerable 
sum,  payable  to  him  on  his  discharge. 

For  soldiers  who  have  served  honestly  and  faithfully  twenty  years,  or  who  have 
been  discharged  for  wounds  received,  or  disease  incurred  in  service,  a  comfortable 
home  is  maintained  in  the  city  of  Washington.  The  sum  of  122^  cents  per  month  is 
deducted  from  each  soldier's  pay,  to  be  applied  toward  the  support  of  the  home. 
After  thirty  year's  service  enlisted  men  are  entitled  to  be  retired,  and  upon  retire- 
ment receive  three-fourths  of  the  monthly  pay  allowed  by  law  to  them  in  the  grade 
they  held  when  retired,  and  $9.50  per  month  additional  as  commutation  for  clothing 
and  subsistence. 

(Art.  LXXL  A.  R.) 


[VAX.  Gl,  Dec.  18,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is 
published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  concerned: 

Allowances  of  forage  of  contract  surgeons  and  contract  dental  surgeons. — 
There  is  no  authority  of  law  or  regulation  for  the  sale  or  issue  of  forage  by  the  Quar- 
termaster's Department  for  feeding  the  private  horses  of  a  contract  surgeon  or  a  con- 
tract dental  surgeon. 

{Par.  1574,  A.  R.) 


412  APPENDIX. 

[Cir.  62,  Dee.  24,  1902.] 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  memorandum,  prepared  by  the 
Surgeon  General  of  the  Army,  upon  the  subject  of  typhoid  fever  contagion  and  the 
means  of  preventing  it  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of 
all  concerned: 

Personal  hygiene  for  the  prevention  of  typhoid  fever  in  camps. — Typhoid 
fever  is  a  very  common  disease  in  the  United  States,  and  is  particularly  liable  to 
spread  among  soldiers  in  camp  and  garrison  because  of  the  intimate  association  of 
men  gathered  together  in  barracks  and  tents.  It  is  conveyed  by  the  fecal  and  urinary 
discharges  of  persons  suffering  from  the  disease. 

It  often  happens  that  a  soldier  suffering  from  typhoid  fever  remains  on  duty  for 
several  days  before  he  seeks  relief  at  the  hospital.  Furthermore,  very  mild  cases 
occur  which  are  never  treated  as  such. 

The  disease  is  not  contagious  in  the  sense  that  the  mere  presence  of  a  case  deter- 
mines contagion,  as  in  smallpox  or  measles,  but  particles  of  human  excrement  con- 
taining the  germ  of  the  disease  may  in  many  ways  be  transferred  from  the  sick  to 
the  well  and  cause  typhoid  fever.     In  this  sense  it  is  contagious. 

That  an  infected  water  supply  is  a  common  cause  of  the  disease  is  well  known,  but 
it  is  likely  that  in  camp  life  a  greater  number  of  cases  occur  from  direct  contagion, 
man  to  man,  than  from  infected  drinking  water.  It  is  not  probable  that  several 
hundred  men  can  be  assembled  in  a  camp  without  at  least  one  case  of  typhoid  fever 
being  introduced  from  outside,  and  this  case  may  not  be  recognized  until  infection 
of  others  has  taken  place.  Therefore,  the  immediate  destruction  or  disinfection  of 
the  discharges  of  all  persons  in  camps  without  sewers  is  an  imperative  necessity. 

The  fever  may  be  spread  by  flies  from  infected  excrement  settling  on  articles  of 
food  in  company  kitchens  and  in  other  ways;  also  by  dust  containing  dried  particles 
of  infected  matter. 

Therefore,  willful  or  careless  soiling  of  the  neighboring  ground  by  excrement  or 
urine  should  be  counted  a  serious  military  offense,  as  it  is  quite  possible  for  a  single 
instance  of  this  kind  to  cause  the  sickness  or  death  of  many  comrades. 

The  disease  can  be  easily  transmitted  by  dirty  hands,  soiled  clothes,  filthy  playing 
cards,  and  numerous  other  ways  by  which  very  minute  particles  of  human  ordure 
may  obtain  entrance  to  the  mouth. 

Therefore,  the  personal  cleanliness  of  men  in  camp  should  be  a  matter  of  gravest 
concern  to  officers  and  noncommissioned  officers  exercising  authority,  and  every  sol- 
dier should  be  instructed  in  the  very  simple  principles  governing  infection  by  per- 
sonal uncleanliness.  The  weekly  bath  should  be  insisted  on  and  facilities  furnished 
for  it.     Daily  bathing  should  be  encouraged  whenever  possible. 

Washing  the  hands  with  soap  and  water  and  the  use  of  individual  nail  brushes 
after  going  to  the  sinks  and  before  meals  is  a  necessity  in  camp  life  if  danger  to 
health  is  to  be  avoided. 

The  use  of  toilet  paper  is  essential  to  personal  cleanliness,  and  each  soldier  should 
at  all  times  have  a  supply  with  him. 

Soldiers  using  underclothing,  towels,  pipes,  nail  brushes,  etc.,  which  have  been 
used  by  other  men,  do  so  at  the  risk  of  infection.  Clothing  and  bedding  soiled  by 
discharges  from  the  body  should  instantly  be  washed,  or  if  woolen,  disinfected. 

Complete  protection  of  food  from  contamination  by  flies,  dust,  and  promiscuous 
handling  should  be  had  at  all  costs. 

When  a  case  of  typhoid  fever  is  removed  from  a  tent,  the  site,  the  canvas,  and  the 
articles  within  the  tent  should  be  disinfected. 

With  simple  precautions  cases  of  typlioid  fever  may  be  and  are  handled  by  nurses 
and  attendants  in  hospitals  without  danger  to  themselves. 

Without  such  precautions  on  the  part  of  all  men  typhoid  fever  once  introduced 
into  camp  will  undoubtedly  spread. 

■{Par.  1635,  A.  R.) 


APPENDIX.  413 

[Cir.  03,  Dec.  29,  1902,] 
By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  following  decision  of  the  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  con- 
cerned : 

Continuous-sertHce  pay.    An  application  for  reenlistmcni  made  within  three  months  does  not  entitle  soldier  to 

continuous-service  pay.     The  benefit  provided  in  section  1281,,  Rexnsed  Statutes,  amended  by  the  act  of 

August  1,  1S9U  {28  Stat.,  216),  can  be  obtained  only  by  actual  reenlistment  of  the  soldier  before  the  expi- 
'  ration  of  the  prescribed  three  months. 

Treasury  Department, 
Office  of  Comptroller  ok  the  Treasury, 

Washington,  November  26,  1902. 

Leon  C.  Baker  appealed  November  26,  1902,  from  the  action  of  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department 
in  settlement  No.  384218,  dated  June  3,  1902. 

He  claimed  pay  and  allowances  and  pay  for  continuous  service  as  private  of  Troop  C,  Seventh  U.  S. 
Cavalry. 

The  Auditor  disallowed  the  claim,  as  follows: 

"As  he  did  not  actually  reenlist  until  August  14,  1899,  he  is  not  entitled  to  pay  and  allowances  from 
August  1  to  13, 1899.  Not.  having  reenlisted  within  three  months  from  date  of  discharge  he  is  not 
entitled  to  continuous-service  pay." 

It  appears  from  the  records  as  furnished  by  the  War  Department  that  the  claimant  was  first  enlisted 
July  8, 1895,  for  three  years,  was  assigned  to  Troop  C,  Seventh  U.  S.  Cavalry,  and  was  discharged  July 
7,  1898,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service,  a  private.  He  reenlisted  July  11,  1898,  was  assigned 
to  Battery  A,  Third  U.  S.  Artillery,  and  was  discharged  May  1, 1899,  under  the  provisions  of  General 
Orders,  No.  40,  of  1898,  a  private.  He  again  reenlisted  August  14,  1899,  for  three  years,  was  assigned  to 
Troop  C,  Seventh  U.  S.  Cavalry,  and  was  discharged,  according  to  his  own  statement,  August  1, 1902. 

The  claim  is  particularly  made  for  pay  from  August  1  to  13,  1899,  and  for  continuous-service  pay 
under  section  1284,  Revised  Statutes,  under  the  enlfstment  of  August  14,  1899. 

The  Adjutant-General  U.  S.  Army  reported  May  27, 1902,  as  follows: 

"The  soldier  referred  to  herein,  when  discharged  May  1, 1899,  in  camp  at  Circle  City  on  the  Yukon 
River,  Alaska,  was  not  furnished  a  discharge  certificate,  there  being  no  blank  forms  on  file  with  the 
battery  at  that  time  and  he  did  not  receive  the  official  certificate  of  discharge  for  some  time  afterwards. 
On  July  15, 1899,  within  three  months  alter  his  discharge,  he  applied  to  Cnpt.  Edgar  S.  Walker,  Eighth 
Infantry,  at  St.  Michael,  Alaska,  to  reenlist  for  his  former  battery,  and  was  told  by  Captain  Walker 
tliat  as  he  had  no  discharge  certificate  he  could  not  reenlist  him,  and  that  he  would  have  to  wait 
until  the  opening  of  navigation  and  the  battery  came  down  the  river,  which  would  be  in  about  a 
month.  The  soldier  then  proceeded  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  was  actually  enlisted  August 
14,  1899,  and  upon  his  appeal  to  the  War  Department,  under  the  provisions  of  A.  R.  835,  his  leenlistment 
was  antedated  by  authority  of  this  office  to  the  day  \ipon  which  the  three  months  expired,  viz, 
August  1, 1899,  the  soldier  having  applied  for  reenlistment  within  the  'period,  and  should  have  been 
reenlisted." 

Section  1284,  Revised  Statutes,  as  amended  by  the  act  of  August  1, 1894  (28  Stat.,  215),  provides: 

"Every  soldier  who,  having  been  honorably  discharged,  reenlists  within  three  months  thereafter, 
shall  be  further  entitled,  after  five  years'  service,  inclutling  his  first  enlistment,  to  receive,  for  the 
period  of  five  years  next  thereafter,  $2  per  month  in  addition  to  the  ordinary  pay  of  his  grade;  and 
for  each  successive  period  of  five  years  of  service,  so  long  as  he  shall  remain  continuously  in  the 
Army,  a  further  sum  of  $1  per  month.  The  past  continuous  service  of  soldiers  now  in  the  Army- 
shall  be  taken  into  accotint,  and  shall  entitle  such  soldier  to  additional  pay  according  to  this  rule;  but 
services  rendered  prior  to  August  4, 1854,  shall  in  no  case  be  accounted  as  more  than  one  enlistment." 

This  statute  specifically  requires  that  the  soldier  must  reenlist  within  three  months  after  having 
been  honorably  discharged  in  order  to  have  his  service  regarded  as  continuous  and  to  entitle  him  to 
the  additional  pay  therein  authorized. 

Paragraph  835,  xVrmy  Regulations,  1895,  and  paragraph  933,  Army  Regulations,  1901,  provide: 

"Enlistments  will  not  be  antedated  so  as  to  allow  a  soldier  additional  pay  for  reenlistment  who 
applies  after  the  period  for  reenlisting  has  expired;  but  \\  hen  a  soldier  presents  himself  for  reenlist- 
ment and  it  is  necessary  to  obtain  information  in  his  case,  or  the  approval  of  higher  authority,  his 
reenlistment  may  be  made  to  antedate  the  time  of  administering  the  oath,  but  must  not  bear  a  date 
prior  to  the  day  on  which  he  presented  himself." 

The  question  in  this  case  is,  When  did  the  soldier  reenlist  after  his  honorable  discharge  at  Circle 
City,  on  the  Yukon  River,  Alaska,  on  INIay  1,  1899.  It  is  shown  that  on  July  15,  1899,  within  three 
months  after  his  discharge,  he  applied  to  reenlist  and  was  told  that  as  he  had  no  discharge  certifi- 
cate he  could  not  be  reenlisted  and  that  he  would  have  to  wait  until  the  battery  came  down  the 
river,  which  would  be  about  a  month.  He  then  proceeded  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he 
was  actually  enlisted  August  14,  1899,  which  was  more  than  three  months  after  his  discharge.  To 
entitle  him  to  receive  the  benefit  of  the  above  statute,  he  must  have  reenlisted  within  three  months 
after  his  discharge.  If  the  above  regulation  is  in  conflict  with  the  statute,  the  statute  must  prevail 
and  not  the  reg^ulation.  If  the  soldier  had  been  in  the  service  and  on  July  15, 1899,  had  made  appli- 
cation to  be  discharged  therefrom,  which  was  granted  on  August  14  following,  and  a  discharge 
issued  to  him  on  that  date,  such  discharge  could  not  be  dated  July  15  so  as  to  stop  his  pay  from  that 


414  APPENDIX. 

time.  The  date  when  he  applied  for  his  discharge  in  such  case  is  immaterial,  and  he  is  entitled  to 
receive  pay  until  he  is  actually  discharged,  regardless  of  the  time  when  he  applied  for  such  dis- 
charge, and  upon  the  facts  stated  in  this  case  I  do  not  think  that  because  he  applied  to  reenlist  on 
July  15  and  was  told  that  he  could  not  do  so  for  reasons  stated,  and  in  fact  did  not  do  so,  is  material. 
He  did  not  reenlist  until  August  14,  1899,  and  until  then  he  had  not  reentered  the  service,  was  at  lib- 
erty to  go  where  he  pleased,  perform  no  military  service,  was  not  subject  to  military  rules  and  regu- 
lations, and  if  after  he  had  been  discharged  and  before  he  had  actually  reenlisted  he  had  committed 
an  offense,  I  do  not  think  he  would  have  been  subject  to  trial  by  military  court-martial,  for  the  sim- 
ple reason  that  he  was  not  in  the  military  service.  If  he  was  not  in  fact  in  the  military  service  until 
August  14,  I  do  not  think  he  can  be  regarded  in  the  military  service  prior  to  that  date  by  antedating 
his  reenlistment.  The  fact  that  the  soldier  was  prevented  from  reenlisting  within  three  months 
from  date  of  his  discharge  because  of  circumstances  which  he  could  not  control  and  which  it  would 
seem  the  Government  might  have  controlled  does  not  change  the  facts  nor  the  law  which  must  gov- 
ern. I  am  of  opinion  that  he  must  be  regarded  as  having  reenlisted  August  14,  1899,  and  that  he  is 
not  entitled  to  receive  pay  and  allowances  prior  to  that  date  or  pay  for  continuous  service  under  the 
above  statute.     (See  6  Comp.  Dec,  754;  MS.  Dec,  vol.  21,  p.  1261.) 

The  action  of  the  Auditor  for  the  War  Department  in  disallowing  the  claim  is  affirmed,  and  I  find 
and  certify  no  difference. 

L.  P.  MITCHELL, 
Assistant  Comptroller. 
{Pars.  9S3  and  1529,  A.  E.) 


[Cir.  64,  Dec  30,  1902.] 

The  following  decision  has  been  made  and  is  published  to  the  Army  for  the  infor- 
mation and  guidance  of  all  concerned : 

Descriptive  lists  and  descriptive  and  assignment  cards. — After  the  descriptive 
list  or  the  descriptive  and  assignment  card  of  a  soldier  has  been  duly  prepared  and 
signed  by  the  officer  responsible  therefor,  subsequent  changes  in  the  soldier's  pay  and 
accounts  will  be  noted  on  the  descriptive  list  or  the  descriptive  and  assignment  card 
by  indorsement  in  due  form  over  the  signature  of  the  officer  making  the  change. 
Under  no  circumstances  will  slips  of  paper  be  pasted  or  attached  to  a  descriptive  list 
or  descriptive  and  assignment  card. 

{Pars.  115  and  949,  A.  R.) 


A 


MEMORANDUM. 

Army  Regulations,  1901,  amended,  modified,  etc.,  by  General  Orders  and  Cirmdaxs,  Adju- 
tant-GeneraVs  Office,  since  publication,  to  include  December  31,  1902. 


Paragraph, 
Army 
Regula- 
tions. 


9 

13 

27 

27 

30 

50 

50 

56 

88 

88 

97 

100 

101 

103 

104 

105 

110 

110 

111 

112 

115 

V22, 

125 

125 

127 

135 

138 

139 

144 

146 

149 

149 

151 

151 

152 

153 

153 

155 

156 

159 

159 

162 

162 

164 

164 

170 

180 

183 
183 
195 
198 
198 
211 
211 
214 
227 
227 
227 
247 
249 
2M 
257 
261 


Gener- 
al Or- 
ders. 


Circu- 
lars. 


18 

140 

30 

39 

18 

34 

119 

55 

57 

119 

29 

82 

68 

139 

132 

40 

54 

144 

82 

25 

25 

25 

144 

28 

92 

119 



64 

82 



140 

160 

119 

26 

27 

140 

4 

140 

140 

31 

5 

39 

38 

2 

15 

76 

22 

146 

27 

39 

131 

5 

37 

140 

53 

119 

{  'A\ 

28 

25 

44 

i25 

29 

48 

89 

47 

140 

35 

118 

137 

119 

6 

37 

37 

7 

8 

119 

Year. 


1902 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 

1902 

1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 


Paragraph, 

Army 

Regula 

tions. 


268 
269 


316 
319 
331 
354 


367 


384 
385 
392 
400 
400 
407 
408 
411 
411 
415 
416 
436 
465 
465 
466 
468 
531 
532 
537 
541 
541 
555 
558 
581 
585 
596 
640 
648 
664 
664 
665 
666 
678 
678 
681 
681 
687 
696 
709 
709 
709 
709 
715 
729 
731 
736 
737 
753 
764 
764 


Gener- 
al Or- 
ders. 


Circu- 
lars. 


140 

39 

6 

28 

157 

30 

13 

25 

90 

13 

25 

118 

12 

51 

58 

58 

137 

58 

149 

137 

34 

82 

118 

31 

51 

119 

77 

7 

i53 

128 

128 

128 

117 

45 

22 

60 

115 

130 

17 

4 

4 

31 

165 

31 

130 

140 

133 

130 

110 

5i 

125 

140 

110 

28 

140 

160 

1 

130 

28 

28 

12 

37 

isi 

14 

45 

13 

Year. 


1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 


415 


416  APPENDIX. 

Armij  Regulations,  1901,  amended,  modified,  etc. 


-Continued. 


1031 

1032 

1036 

1049 

1052 

1053 

1066 

1066 

1067 

1067 

1074 

1075 

1095 

1108 

1110 

1110 

lUOi 

1114 

1117 

1128 

1130 

1150 

1157 

1232 

1242 

1242 

1287 

1288 

1289 

1290 

1291 

1292 

1293 

1294 

1295 

1310 

1311 

1313 

1314 

1321 

1328 

1328 

1351 

1352 

1355 

1356 

1368 

1370 

1377 


Paragraph, 

Army 

Regula- 

lations. 

Gener- 
al Or- 
ders. 

772- 

28 

791 

808 

14 

809 

817 

130 

818 

68 

819 

829 

61 

829 

3 

841 

853 

70 

891 

119 

900 

119 

901 

119 

908 

104 

908 

118 

924 

933 

940 

63 

940 

28 

942 

948 

46 

949 

953 

127 

954 

127 

975 

119 

1009 

82 

1011 

1017 

io? 

1029 

129 

Circu- 
lars. 


167 
167 
129 


28 

ho' 

39 
39 
39 
39 


119 
140 
39 
121 
39 
82 
82 
82 
82 
82 
82 
82 
82 
82 
82 
106 
82 
82 
140 
39 
119 
82 
165 
130 
165 
165 
165 
157 


30 


51 


Year. 


35 


23 


1902 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 


Paragraph, 
Army 
Regula- 
tions. 


1377 

1378 

1378 

1378 

1378 

1378 

1378 

1380 

1380 

1382 

1384 

1387 

1388 

1390 

1390i 

1392 

1392 

1392 

1394 

1395 

1395 

1396 

1398 

1401 

1402 

1403 

1403 

1404 

1404 

1404i 

1404  i 

1406 

1407 

1410 

1411 

1412 

1413 

141 3i 

1413i 

1415 

1419 

1421 

1421 

1421 

1425 

1426 

1426 

1426 

1426 

1430 

1431 

1431 

1445 

1446 

1446 

1447 

1448 

1448 

1449 

1449 

1450 

1455 

1458 

1472 

1473 

1473 

1475 

1487 

1491 

1492 

1492 

1.520 

1528 

1528 

1529 

1529 

1529 

1530 

1531 


Gener- 
al Or- 
ders, 


Circu- 
lars. 


119 

113 

166 

14 

49 

119 

121 

130 

119 

157 

25 

ii9 

133 

11 

39 

82 

43 

130 

129 

34 

130 

43 

129 

130 

121 

39 

39 

130 

164 

130 

123 

130 

133 

11 

119 

119 

49 

133 

133 

133 

130 

133 

133 

165 

38 

83 

37 

130 

113 

166 

49 

129 

130 

133 

82 

62 

29 

34 

41 

164 

29 

34 

140 

68 

17 

29 

29 

40 

29 

57 

119 

140 

17 

39 

17 

82 

119 

140 

22 

22 

57 

63 

140 

119 

Year. 


1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 


APPEN^DIX. 

Arnit/  Regalalion^,  1901,  amended,  modified,  etc. — Continued. 


41  r 


Paragraph, 
Army 
Regula- 
tions. 

Gener- 
al Or- 
ders. 

Circu- 
lars. 

Year. 

Paragraph, 
Army 
Regula- 
tions. 

Gener- 
al Or- 
ders. 

Circu- 
lars. 

Year. 

1633 
1534 
1545 
1546 
1546 
1552 
1559 
1562 
1562 
1562 
1562 
1563 
1563 
1564 
1570 
1574 
1574 
1581 
1583 
1595 
1595 
1595i 
1596 
1598 
•     1598 
1599 
1599 

119 
119 

■■■■36" 
29 

48 

"""44" 
38 
44 
15 
37 
33 
39 

2" 

61 

1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 

!           1604 
1608 
1612 
1616 

'           1617 
1617 
1618 
1634 
1635 
1651 
1661 
1661 
1661 
1661 
1665 
1668 
1670 
1671 
1692 
1695 
1700 
1713 
1717 
1721 
1721 
1761 

140 
82 
140 
140 
140 
160 
140 
140 

■■■"62" 

■■■■23'^ 

""'48" 

e" 

1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 

140 

83 

140 

113 

166 

14 

49 
140 

68 
140 
.  82 

65 
121 

84 

140 

82 
63 

26 
140 
140 
160 
139 
140 
140 
160 
140 
160 

42 
135 
154 

Article,  Army 
Regul^-tions. 

Gener- 
al Or- 
ders. 

Circu- 
lars, 

Year. 

Article,  Army 
Regulations. 

Gener 
al  Or- 
ders. 

"  Circu- 
lars. 

Year 

IV 

VIII 

X 

XVII 

XXVI 

XXVI 

7 
41 
38 
47 
22 
29 
30 
18 

5 

1902 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 

XXXIX 

XLI 

XLI 

XLI 

L 

LXXI 



i55 

9 

6 

21 

11 

1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1901 

& 

1901 

XXVI 

XXVI 

XXXIX 

LXXXVI 

b  112 

132 

'  ■  '20  ■ ' 

<i  Dec.  16,  1902. 

22778—03 27 


b  Article  of  war. 


i:isrr)E;x. 

[References  are  to  Paragraphs  and  Articles  of  War  (pp.  241-254)  by  their  numbers.  _An  Article 
of  War  is  indicated  by  the  letters  A.  W.,  followed  by  the  number  of  the  article.] 

SEE  PA«E  467  FOB  INDEX  TO  APPENDIX. 


Abatement: 

Term  of  confinement,  1016. 
Absence: 

Certificates  of,  A.  W.  12;  A.  W.  13. 

Leaves  of,  54-71. 

Pay  during,  1464-1471. 

Sick,  72-76. 

Without  leave,  144;  A,  W.  32. 
See  Desertion. 
Absent  Officer: 

Reports,  895-898. 
Abstracts: 

Of  issues,  subsistence,  1406. 

Of  proposals,  617,  619,  625. 
Abusive  Language: 

Use  of,  by  superiors,  2. 
Accountability : 

Money,  658, 738. 

Property,  739-807,  1163-1165. 
Accountable  Officer,  739,  740,  1163-1169. 

See  Property. 
Accounts: 

Administrative  examination,  737,  738. 

Advertising,  585-587. 

Contingent  funds,  215. 

Inspection  of,  971,  977,  978. 

Job  printing,  589-591. 

Medical  attendance,  1656-1665. 

Printing,  589-591. 

Settlement  of,  83. 

Subsistence  Department,  1441. 

Visits  to  Washington  to  settle,  83. 
Accounts  Current,  7(fe-712. 

Abstracts  to  accompany,  701. 

Closing,  712. 

Fiscal  years,  701. 

Forms,  708. 

How  made,  708. 

Orders  to  accompany,  711. 

Original  vouchers,  710. 

Outstanding  debts,  712. 

Vouchers,  710. 
Accouterraents,  298,  301,  307,  309. 
Accusations  of  Crime,  A.  W.  59. 
Voting  Commissary: 

Pay,  1453. 
Acting  Hospital  Stewards: 

Detail,  1595,  1596. 

Rank,  9. 

Revocation,  1594. 
Administration  of  Oaths,  22. 
Action : 

Casualties  in,  reports,  887,  888. 

Reports  of,  885,  886. 
Actual  Expenses: 

Sea  travel,  1473. 


Adjutant,  260-264. 

See  Regimental  Adjutant. 
Adjutant-General : 

Applications  for  discharge,  160. 

Applications  for  troops,  566. 

Appointments,  notices  of,  20. 

Artillery  corps,  returns,  367. 

Artillery  officers,  reports,  367. 

Battle  reports,  884-889. 

Burial  of  officers,  99. 

Casualty  lists,  887, 888. 

Certificate  of  merit,  199. 

Chaplain's  reports,  50. 

College  details,  43. 

Corrections  on  muster  rolls,  875. 

Correspondence,  837-855. 

Death  of  officers,  reports,  93. 

Deceased  soldiers,  176-178. 

Delays  in  returning  from  sick  leave,  75. 

Depositories,  lists,  660. 

Descriptive  books,  271. 

Deserters — 

At  recruiting  stations,  128. 

Examination  of,  reports,  132. 

Release,  131. 
Details  to  staff,  36. 
Effects  of  deceased  officers,  94, 96. 
Efficiency  reports,  900-905. 
Electrician  sergeants,  examinations,  110. 
Enlistments,  921-938.     <■ 
Furloughs,  119. 
Insane  patients,  547. 
Insane,  release,  549. 
Individual  service  reports,  899. 
Inspection  reports,  970,  972,  976. 
Information,  requests  for,  833. 
Inventories  of  effects,  94. 
Leaves  of  absence,  56. 
Libraries,  inventories,  343. 
Loss  of  company,  regimental,  and  bakery  funds 

323. 
Mail  contractors,  225. 
Marine  Corps,  deserters  from,  145. 
Musicians  for  bands,  278. 
Muster  rolls,  872-875. 
Notices  of  appointment,  20. 
Officers  traveling  abroad,  reports,  66. 
Orders,  856-871. 

Ordnance  stores,  surplus,  reports,  1717. 
Passports,  67. 

Penalty  envelopes,  906-911. 
Personal  reports,  895-899. 

Officers  on  leave,  68. 
Post  exchanges,  364. 

41U 


420 


INDEX. 


Ad  j  u  tan  t  -  (J  eiier  al — Con  ti  nued . 

Post  noncommissioned  staff — 

Applications,  101. 

Descriptive  lists,  111. 

Examinations,  103. 

Monthly  reports,  112. 

Reenlistment,  113. 
Post  schools,  358. 
Records,  890-894.      -. 
Reenlistments,  934-938. 
Recruits — 

Assignment,  948. 

Enlistment,  921-933. 
Recruiting — 

At  posts,  953. 

Departmental,  953,  954. 

Regimental,  955. 

Returns,  Hospital  Corps,  1598. 

Service,  833,  912,  955. 
Resignations,  89. 

Retirement  of  enlisted  men,  146-150. 
Returns  of  troops,  876-889. 
Soldiers'  Home,  admission,  192. 
Subsistence  funds,  666. 
Transports,  deaths  on,  1200. 
Veterans'  <iischarge,  156. 
Adjutant-Oeneral's  Department: 
Advertising,  578-587. 
Battle  reports,  884-889. 
Boards,  824. 

Changes  of  station,  822,  823. 
Civil  employees,  808-820. 
Command  of  officers  of,  17. 
Correspondence,  837-855. 
Deposit  of  orders,  869-871. 
Distribution  of  orders,  867. 
Duties,  821-823,  833,  834. 
Envelopes,  jjcnalty,  906-911. 
False  musters,  A.  W.  14. 
Military  correspondence,  837-865. 
Muster  rolls,  872-875. 
Orders,  833,  856-871. 
Penalty  envelopes,  906-911. 
Records,  833. 

Recruiting  service,  821,  833,  912-965. 
Reports — 

Battle,  853-889. 

Efficiency,  900-904. 

Personal,  895-899. 
Returns  of  troops,  876,  889. 
Troops- 
Records  of,  833. 

Returns  of,  876-889. 
AdJutant-OeneraPs  Office: 
Arrival  of  officer,  report,  895. 
Battle  reports,  884-889. 
Correspondence,  837-855. 
Efficiency  reports,  900-905. 
Individual  service  reports,  899. 
Muster  rolls,  872-875. 
Orders,  856-871. 
Personal  reports,  895-905. 
Records,  890-894. 
Recruiting  service,  912-955. 
Reports,  884-889,  895-905. 
Returns,  876-889. 
.  Service  reports,  899. 


Adjutants-General: 

Assignments  to  command,  17. 

Books,  returns  of,  343. 

Command,  17. 

Details,  217. 

Duties,  214. 

Libraries,  343.  - 

Schools,  358. 
Adjutants  of  Posts: 

Detail  and  duties,  221. 

Formation  of  detachments,  440. 

Fuel  and  stoves  for  office,  1110. 

Morning  reports,  448. 

Post  noncommissioned  staff,  872, 

Summary  court  records,  1038. 
Adjutants  of  Regiments: 

Appointment,  etc.,  260. 

Assignments  to  company  or  staff  duty,  263. 

Band  instruments,  277. 

Company  order  books,  294. 

Forage,  1157. 

Fuel  and  stoves  for  office,  1110. 

General  duties  and  responsibilities,  263-265. 

Morning  reports,  448. 

-Noncommissioned  officers,  265. 

Qualifications,  260. 

Tenure  of  office,  261. 

Treasurer  of  regimental  fund,  326. 
Administration : 

Councils  of,  317-323. 

Effects  of  deceased  soldiers,  179. 

Examination  of  money  accounts,  737, 738. 
Administrators : 

Payments  to,  734. 
Admiral: 

Relative  rank,  12. 
Admonitions,  1027. 
Advertisements: 

Accounts,  585,  687. 

Authority  for,  681. 

Certificates,  586. 

Forms,  580. 

General  authority,  581. 

Insertions,  583,  584. 

Lists  of  newspapers,  578,  579. 

Preparation,  580. 

Proposals,  598-602. 

Publication,  683,  584. 

Rates,  578. 

Requests  for,  authority,  581. 

Special  authority,  581. 

Chief  clerk,  supervision,  585. 

Vouchers  for,  585-587. 

Wording,  680. 
Advising  to  Desert: 

Punishment,  A.  W.  51. 
Affair: 

Casualties  in,  reports,  887,  888. 
Age: 

Limits  of,  for — 
Enlistment,  921. 
Promotion,  27. 
Civil  appointments,  33. 
Dental  surgeons,  1578. 
Agents: 

Selection  of,  755. 


INDEX. 


421 


AMr: 

Appointment,  40. 

Brigadier-g>  nerals,  40. 

Lien  tenant-General,  40. 

Major-generals,  40. 

Rank,  40. 

Reports  of,  89i>. 

Selection,  40. 

Term  of  service,  40. 
Alarm: 

False,  A.  W.  41. 
Alaska: 

Payments  to  troops  in,  1504. 
Aliens : 

Enlistment  prohibited,  923. 
Allotments: 

Barracks  and  quarters,  1088. 

Contingent  expenses,  215. 

Draft  and  pack  animals,  1184. 

Extra-duty  pay  funds,  190. 

Funds,  civilian  employees,  810. 
Allotments  of  Pay  by  Enlisted  Men : 

Allottees,  1532,  1536-1541,  1.543. 

Capture  of  grantor,  1539. 

Company  commander,  1532-1535. 

Credits  for,  1538. 

Death  of  grantor,  1534. 

Desertion,  1534. 

Designation  of  allottee,  1531-1533. 

Discharge  of  grantor,  1534. 

Discontinuance,  1534,  1541,  1544. 

Errors  in,  1537. 

Execution,  1533. 

Extra-duty  funds,  182,  190. 

Forfeitures,  1534. 

Grantor,  1531, 1532-1534, 1538-1540, 1541, 1542, 1544. 

Method,  1532-1535. 

Payments,  1536-1543. 

Procedure,  1532-1535. 

Renewal,  1544. 

Reports,  1532-1535,  1537. 

Transfer  of  grantor,  1540. 

Witnesses,  1533. 
Allowances : 

Ammunition,  418. 

Baggage,  1241-1245. 

Barracks  and  quarters,  1080-1100, 1110,  1111. 

Brooms,  1328,  1329. 

Brushes,  scrubbing,  1328. 

Clothing,  1301-1312. 

Commutation  of  rations,  1410-1425. 

Com  brooms,  1328,  1329. 

Discharged  soldiers,  1562-1564. 

Electric  lights,  1129-1135. 

Flour  for  target  practice,  1403. 

Forage,  1154-1162. 

Fuel,  1101-1115. 

Gas,  1129-1135. 

Horses,  1182. 

Indian  scouts,  558. 

Military  attaches,  41,  1242-1244. 

Officers'  horses,  transportation,  1182. 

Quarters,  1080-1111. 

Rations,  1377-1402. 

Retired  enlisted  men,  149. 

Rooms,  1099,  1110,  1111. 


Allowances— Continued. 

Scrubbing  brushes,  1328. 

Spring  wagons,  1187. 

Stationery,  1136-1140. 

Stoves,  1101-1115. 

Straw,  1154-1162. 

Tableware,  1324,  1325. 

Target  practice,  418-421. 

Transportation,  1183-1285. 

Travel,  77-84,  1472,  1488. 

Veterinarians,  201. 
Altering  Clothing,  293. 
Ambassadors: 

Honors  to,  450. 

Salutes  to,  468. 
Ambulances,  1189,  1610-1615. 

Allowances,  1611. 

Use,  1189, 1610, 1612. 
Ammunition: 

Allowances,  413,  414,  418,  419. 

Artillery,  413,  414. 

Evening  gun,  226. 

Expenditures,  1713-1716. 

Morning  gun,  226. 

Sale,  waste,  etc.,  A.W.  16. 

Small-arms  practice,  418,  419. 
Amusement  Booms: 

Illuminating  supplies,  1118,  1129. 
Animals: 

Assignment,  1149. 

Branding,  1145. 

Forage,  1154-1157,  1162. 

Purchases,  1141. 

Requirements,  1142, 1143. 

Use,  1158. 
Appointments: 

Civil  life,  33-35. 

Contract  surgeons,  1574, 1577. 

Dental  surgeons,  1574,  1578,  1579. 

General  oflBcers,  21. 

Medical  Department,  1572,  1573. 

Notice  of,  20. 

Pay,  commencement  of,  1453-1455. 

Post  noncommissioned  staff,  100-105, 110. 

Second  lieutenants,  26. 

Staff,  36-42. 

Veterinarians,  200,  204. 
Approbation : 

Expression  of,  prohibited,  5. 
Appropriations: 

Accounts  current  to  show,  701. 

Application,  658. 

Balances,  705-707. 

Contingent  expenses,  703. 

Fiscal  years,  699. 

Remittances  to  show,  700. 

Supplemental  accounts,  706. 

Vouchers  to  show,  701. 
Approval  of  Sentences,  A.  W.  104-111. 
Arctic  Overslioes,  1310. 
Arm  Ciiests,  1725. 
Arms: 

Care,  298. 

Taking  apart,  306. 
Arms  of  Service: 

Precedence  of,  6. 


422 


IKDEX. 


Army  and  Navy  (Jeiieral  HoKpltal,  1623-1626. 
Army: 

Commanding  general,  command,  205. 
Army  Medical  School,  542,  543. 
Army  Service  Schools,  531-543, 
Army  Transport  Service: 

Character,  1194. 

Control,  1193,  1196. 

Consuls,  visits  to,  1199. 
'  Deaths,  1200. 

Duties,  1193-1200. 

Legations,  visits  to,  1199. 

Medical  Department,  1196. 

Quartermaster,  1197-1200. 

Register,  1200. 

Regulations,  1193. 

Service,  1193-1198. 

Supplies,  1196,  1197.  • 
Army  War  Colleije,  530. 
Arraignment,  A.  W.  89. 
Arriving  Officers: 

Visits  to,  481. 
Arsenals : 

Command,  208. 

Inspection,  968,  971,  974-976. 
Arson : 

In  time  of  war,  A.  W.  58. 
Articles  of  War: 

Absence  without  leave,  A.  W.  31-35,  40. 

Abuses  and  disorders,  A.  W.  54. 

Appeals,  A.  W.  29,  30. 

Armies  to  be  governed,  p.  217,  sec.  1342  R.  S. 

Arrest  and  confinement,  A.  W.  65-71. 

Conduct  prejudicial,  A.  W.  62. 

Courts  of  inquiry,  A.  W.  115-121. 

Deceased  officers  and  soldiers,  A.  W.  125-127. 

Definitions  of  words,  p.  217,  sec.  1342  R.  S. 

Desertion,  A.  W.  47-51. 

Discharge  of  enlisted  men,  A.  W.  4. 

Discharge  or  dismissal  of  officers,  A.  W.  99. 

Disrespect  and  contempt,  A.  W.  19,  20. 

Divine  service,  A.  W.  52. 

Drunkenness  on  duty,  A.  W.  38. 

Dueling,  A.  W.  26-28. 

Evidence,  courts-martial,  A.  W.  91,  92, 121. 

Field  officers'  courts,  A.  W.  80,  83. 

Frauds  and  embezzlement,  A.  W.  60. 

Furloughs  to  enlisted  men,  A.  W.  11. 

General  courts-martial,  A.  W.  72,  73,  75,  76,  78. 

Hiring  of  duty,  A.  W.  36,  37. 

Judge-advocates,  A.  W.  74,  84,  85,  90, 113. 

Jurisdiction  military  courts,  A.  W.  58,  60,  62-64, 
79-83,  102,  103. 

Misconduct  in  time  of  war,  A.  W.  41,  42,  44-46, 
57,  100. 

Musters,  A.  W.  5,  6,  12-14. 

Mutiny  and  sedition,  A.  W.  21-24,  43. 

Proceedings  of  courts-martial,  A.  W.  86-95,  118, 
114. 

Profanity,  A.  W.  53. 

Property  accountability,  A.  W.  9,  10,  15-17. 

Provisions  and  necessaries,  A.  W.  18,  56. 

Publication  to  Army,  A.  W.  128. 

Quarrels,  frays,  and  disorders,  A.  W.  24,  25. 

Rank  and  command,  A.  W.  122-124. 

Recruits  and  recruiting,  832;  A.  W.  2,  3. 

Regimental  and  garrison  courts,  A.  W.  81-83. 


Articles  of  War— Continued. 

Returns  of  troops  and  property,  A.  W.  7,  8. 

Sentences  of  courts-martial,  A.  W.  38,  61,  96-98 
100,  101,  104-112.  ^ 

Sentinals,  A.  W.  39. 

Spies,  p.  231,  sec.  1343  R.  S. 

Subordination  to  civil  authority,  A.  W.  55,  59. 

Subscribed  to  by  all  officers,  A.  W.  1. 
Artificers: 

Appointment,  290,  292. 

Extra-duty  pay,  186. 

Reduction,  290. 
Artificial  Limbs: 

Accounts  for  transportation  for,  1673-1676 

Allowance,  1672. 

Commutation,  1672. 

Issues,  1672.  ' 

Transportation,  1673-1676. 
Arrest: 

Close,  999,  A.  W.  65. 

Conduct  of  officer  in,  999,  1002,  1003, 

Duration,  A.  W.  70,  71. 

Extension  of,  999. 

In  quarrels,  disorders,  etc.,  A.  W.  24. 

Limits  of,  999. 

Medical  oflicers,  1001. 

Method  of,  999. 

Noncommissioned  officers,  1005,  1007. 

Officers,  A.  W.  65. 

Power  to  impose,  998,  1000,  A.  W,  24. 

Release  from,  1000, 

Soldiers,  A.  W.  66. 

When  imposed,  1000, 
Artillery: 

Precedence  of,  6. 
Artillery  Corps: 

Armament,  care  of,  369-399. 

Artillery  practice,  407-415, 

Artillery  school,  534-537. 

Bands,  273,  275-279, 

Care  of  fortifications,  369-399. 

Colors,  241. 

Command,  366. 

Chief  of,  duties,  366. 

Efficiency  reports,  900-905, 

Electrician  sergeants,  100-110,  537. 

Fortifications,  S69-399. 

Inspections,  400,  401. 

Magazines,  395-398. 

Muster  rolls,  367. 

Noncommissioned  officers,  368. 

Noncommissioned  staff,  368, 

Position  finders,  388,  394. 

Practice,  artillery,  407,  415. 

Range  finders,  388-394, 

Reports,  367. 

Returns,  367. 

Veterinarians,  200-204. 
Artillery  Horses : 

Assignment,  1149. 

Branding,  1145, 

Condemned,  1150. 

Foragfe,  1154-1157,  1162. 

Purchases,  1141, 

Requirements,  1143, 

Use,  1158. 
Artillery  Memoranda,  412. 


INDEX. 


423 


Artillery  Practice,  407-415. 

Ammunition,  413. 

Book  of,  408. 

Reports,  408,  412,  415. 

Allowances  for,  413,  414. 

Book  of  Artillery  Record,  408. 

Charts,  410. 

Inspector  of  artillery,  409. 

Methods,  411,  412. 

Numbering  of  guns,  407. 

Records,  408. 

Targets,  414. 
Artillery  School,  534-536,  537. 
Artisans: 

Extra  duty,  183. 
Assault  and  Battery  with  Intent,  etc. : 

Punishable,  A.  W.  58. 
Assignment  Cards  of  Recruits,  949. 
Assignment  of  Pay,  1447. 
Assignment  to  Command,  13. 
Assistant  Secretary  of  War: 

Honors  to,  450. 

Salutes  to,  408. 
Asylum  for  Insane,  544-549. 
Attaches: 

Allowances,  41,  1242-1245. 
Attorney-General: 

Counsel,  1071,  1072. 
Auditor  for  the  War  Department: 

Certificates  of  merit,  199. 

Deceased  officers,  96. 

Deceased  soldiers,  178,  179. 
Authority : 

Civil,  support  of,  563-568. 

How  exercised,  2. 

In  military  service,  exercise  of,  2. 
Awaiting  Orders: 

Officers  entitled  to  quarters,  1097. 
Awaiting  Trial: 

Soldiers,  1004. 
Awaiting  Sentence,  1004. 
Awards,  620-625. 

See  Proposals. 
Ax  Handles,  1323. 
Badges,  1760. 
Baggage: 

Allowances,  1222-1225, 1241-1245. 

Commissioned  officers,  1222-1225, 1241-1245. 

Enlisted  men,  1224, 1241-1245. 

Professional  books  and  papers,  1243-1245. 

Transportation  of,  1224, 1241-1245. 
Bakeries,  335-340,  1108. 

Fuel  for,  1108. 
Bakers: 

Extra  pay,  183,  306,  337. 

Inspection,  339. 

Muster,  339. 
Bauds: 

Artillery,  273, 275-279. 

Cavalry,  273,  275-279. 

Chief  musicians,  273-274. 

Chief  trumpeters,  273. 

Composition,  273,274. 

Cooks,  273, 274. 

Drum  majors,  274. 

Engineers,  274-279. 

Infantry,  274-279. 


Bands— Continued. 

Musical  instruments,  277. 

Musicians,  273-274, 278. 

National  airs,  279. 

Noncommissioned  officers,  273-275. 

Patriotic  airs,  279. 

Principal  musicians,  273, 274. 

Purchases  for,  277. 

Station,  276. 

Uniforms,  1312. 
Barrack  Chairs,  1086. 
Barracks: 

Account  of  expenditures,  1084. 

Allotment,  1088,  1089,  1091. 

Application  for,  1091. 

Assignment,  1089,  1091. 

Buildings,  1084. 

Bunks,  1087. 

Care,  108. 

Chairs,  1086,  1087. 

China,  1087. 

Damages,  1080, 1081. 

Expenditures,  1084. 

Glassware,  1087. 

Hiring,  1092,  1093. 

Inspection,  1080,  1082,  1083. 

Lockers,  1085. 

Rented  buildings,  1083. 

Reports,  1083. 
Bathing,  299. 
Battalion  Commanders: 

Assignment,  259. 

Command,  254. 

Duties,  254,  268. 

Staff,  260-262. 

Succession  to  command,  254. 
Battalions: 

Command,  254. 

Composition,  254. 

Constitution,  254. 

Incomplete,  254. 

Noncommissioned  staff,  268. 

Provisional,  254. 

Records,  254.         , 

Reports  of  battles,  885. 

Staff,  260-262. 

Station,  254. 

Succession  to  command,  254. 
Battalion  Staff,  260-262. 

Appointment,  260,  261. 

Composition,  254. 

Rank,  260. 

Separate  battalions,  261. 

Term  of  office,  261. 
Batteries,  Field  (see  Companies),  280-316. 

Bugles,  1337. 

Guidons,  247. 

Horses  for  officers,  1179,  1180. 

Returns,  367. 
Battle  Ground  Cemeteries: 

Graves,  570,  571. 

Headboards,  571. 

Interments,  570. 

Record,  570. 

Register,  570. 

Reports,  571. 
Battle  Reports,  883-889. 


424 


INDEX. 


Battles: 

Names  of,  on  colors,  250. 
Bayard : 

First  general  liospital,  1G27. 
Bedding,  llGl,  1162. 
Beer: 

Sale  in  exchanges  prohibited,  365. 
Beeswax: 

Issue  of,  1404. 
Behavior: 

Members  of  courts-martial,  A.W.  87. 

Marches,  A.  W.  55. 

Quarters,  A.  W.  55. 
Bills  of  Lading: 

Alterations,  1262. 

Animals,  1261. 

Baggage,  1260. 

Contents,  1256-1270. 

Damages  to  property,  1272. 

Destruction,  1274-1279. 

Duplicates,  1256-1265,  1274-1279. 

Erasures,  1262. 

Interlineations,  1262. 

Issue,  1256-1272. 

Loss,  1274-1279. 

Original,  1256,  1265,  1274-1279. 

Payment  on,  1266,  1267,  1273,  1279,  1281-1285 

Preparation,  1256-1270. 

Rates,  1264. 

Transportation  by,  1256,  1268-1270. 
Blacking: 

Shoe,  404. 
Blacksmiths: 

Appointment,  290,  292. 

Extra  duty  pay,  186. 

Reduction,  290. 

Tools,  1181. 
Blanket  Bags,  309. 
Blank  Forms: 

Adjutant-General's    Department,  592,  835,  872, 
876,  1761. 

Directions  on,  1761. 

Engineer  Department,  592, 1761. 

How  obtained,  592, 1761.    . 

Inspector-General's  Department,  592,  1761. 

Judge-Advocate-General's  Department,592,1761 . 

Medical  Department,  592, 1761. 

Ordnance  Department,  592, 1736,  1761. 

Pay  Department,  592, 1761. 

Quartermaster's  Department,  592, 1761. 

Signal  Department,  592, 1761. 

Subsistence  Department,  592, 1761. 
Blank  Receipts,  forbidden: 

Money,  718. 

Property,  752. 
Blank  Touchers: 

Forbidden,  718. 
Boarding  Visits,  482. 

Board  of  Ordnance  and  Fortification,  366. 
Boards: 

Stationery  for,  1140. 
Boards  In  Staff  Departments,  524. 
Boards  of  Surrey: 

Action,  793-797,  807. 

Approval,  798-806. 

Affidavits,  796. 

Bills  of  lading,  1272. 


Boards  of  Survey— Continued. 

Claims,  action  on,  807. 

Clomposition,  791. 

Condemnation,  797. 

Constitution,  791,  792,  803. 

Convening  officer,  791 ,  792,  803. 

Depositions,  795. 

Desertion,  127. 

Duty,  790,  793-797,  807. 

Evidence. 

Jurisdiction,  790,793-797,  807. 

Oaths,  795,  796. 

Proceedings,  798-806. 

Procedure,  793-797. 

Property,  750,  751,  760,  793-806. 

Deceased  officers,  97,  98. 

Record,  79^-806. 

Review,  798-807, 

Revision,  800. 

Separate  proceedings,  804. 

Witnesses,  796. 
Boilers,  372. 
Bond-Aided  Roads: 

Accounts,  1284,  1285. 

Settlements  with,  1284,  1285. 

Transportation  requests  over,  1216. 
Bonds: 

Bidders,  611,  612,  650-651. 

Contractors,  638-644,  650-657. 

Corporations,  652-657. 

Disbursing  officers,  650-65:3. 

Execution,  643. 

Guaranties,  611,  612. 

Labor,  644. 

Material  men,  644. 

Waiver,  638. 

When  required,  638. 
Book  of  Artillery  Record,  408. 
Books: 

Artillery  record,  408. 

Company,  294,  295. 

Post,  227,  337,  408. 

Professional,  1243-1245. 

Quartermaster's  Department,  1348-1346. 

Regimental,  271,  272. 

Transportation  of— 
Chapels,  1255. 
Libraries,  1255. 
Professional,  1243-1246. 
Branches  of  National  Home: 

Inspection,  965,  966. 
Branding: 

Animals,  1145. 

Property,  758. 

Punishment,  A.  W.  98. 
Bread : 

Baking  of — 
In  bakeries,  335. 
In  companies,  340. 
Breakage : 

Tableware,  1325. 
Brevet  Rank : 

Salutes,  472. 
Bridges: 

Transportation  over,  1230. 
Briefs  of  Letters,  843. 
Brigades  Discontinued : 

Records,  891. 


INDEX. 


^^IVERBITf 


425 


Brigadier-Oeneral : 

Baggage  allowance,  1241-1246. 

Command,  14. 

Escorts,  488. 

Fuel,  1110. 

Funeral  honors,  491,  499. 

Honors,  449. 

Horses,  1182. 

Precedence,  10, 11. 

Quarters,  1110. 

Rank,  9,  12. 

Relative  rank,  12. 

Rooms,  1110. 

Salutes,  471. 

Stoves,  1110. 

Visits,  481. 
Brushes : 

Blacking,  1404. 

Hair,  1404. 

Shaving,  1404. 

Scrubbing,  1328. 

Tooth,  1404. 
Bugles,  1327. 
Buildings: 

Construction  and  repairs,  222-224,787. 

Damages  to,  1080,  1081. 

Expenditures,  1084. 

Inspection,  1080,  1082,  1083. 

Lighting,  lllG-1135. 

Record  book  of,  1084. 

Repairs,  1080, 1084. 

Restriction  on  expenditures,  224-224, 787, 788. 
Bunks,  1087. 

Cleanliness  of,  300. 

Names  of  occupant  attached,  298. 
Bureaus: 

Purchases  from. 

Transfers  between,  753. 
Burglary  in  Time  of  War: 

Punishable,  A.  W.,  13. 
Burials: 

Officers,  99. 

Enlisted  men,  180. 
Buttons,  1404. 
Cadets: 

Appointments  of,  as  officers,  529. 

Rank,  9. 

Service  as,  restriction,  529. 
Call  to  (Quarters,  443. 
Camp  and  tiarrison  Equipage; 

Estimates,  1287-1297,  1323-1330. 
Camps: 

Colors,  251. 

Followers,  A.  W.  63. 

Inspections  of,  967,  974-976. 

One  mile  from,  A.  W.  34. 

Retainers  to,  A.  W.  63. 
Candidates: 

Examination  of,  26-33. 

Privileges,  29-31. 

Status,  29-31. 
Candles,  1350, 1398. 

Issues,  extra,  1403. 
Cannon: 

Salutes  with,  466-480. 
Canteens,  36.3-365. 

See  Post  exchanges. 


Canvas  Lined  Garments,  1313. 
('aptains,  Army: 

Baggage,  allowance,  1241-1246. 

Command  of,  14. 

Forage,  1154-1160. 

Fuel,  1110. 

Horses,  1182. 

Precedence,  10, 11. 

Quarters,  1110. 

Rank,  9,  10,  11. 

Relative  rank,  12. 
Captain,  Navy: 

Relative  rank,  12. 
Captured  property,  889,  A.  W.  9. 

Returns  of,  889. 
Cartridges: 

Allowance  for  small  arms  practice^  418,  419 
Casting  Away  Arms,  etc.,  A.  W.  42. 
Casualties: 

Reports  of,  887,  888. 
Casualty  Lists,  887,  888. 
Cavalry : 

Precedence,  6. 
Cavalry  and  Liglit  Artillery  School,  540,  541. 
(!avalry  Horses,  1141,  1142,  1149. 

Assignment,  1149. 

branding,  1145. 

Condemned,  1150. 

Forage,  1154-1157, 1162. 

Purchases,  1141. 

Requirements,  1142. 

Use,  1158. 
Cavalry  Regiments,  253-270. 

Bands,  273,  275-279. 

Gamp  colors,  251. 

Duties  by  roster,  434,  435. 

Guidons,  ai6. 

Standards,  243. 

Veterinarians,  200-204. 
Cemeteries: 

Battle  Ground,  570,  571. 

National,  569. 

Park,  572-577. 
Ceremonies: 

Conformity  to  drill  regulations,  670. 

Escort  to  color,  515. 

Flag,  512. 

Inspections,  514. 

Memorial  Day,  516. 

Musters,  513,  514. 

National  holidays,  517. 

Parades,  511. 

Precedence  of  corps,  regiments,  etc.,  6. 
Certificates: 

False,  A.  W.  13. 
Certificates  of  Deposit: 

Appropriation,  695. 

Deposits,  690-695. 

Duplicate,  691. 

Originals,  691,  696. 

Pay  Department,  693. 

Record,  695. 
Certificates  of  Disability,  171-174. 

By  whom  given,  171. 

Contents,  171,  174. 

Not  permanent,  172. 

Pension,  174. 

Permanent,  171, 174. 


42« 


INDEX. 


Uertiflcates  of  Discharge,  151-170. 

(See  Discharges.) 
Certificates  of  Fact: 

Responsibility  for,  736. 
Certificates  of  Merit,  196-199. 

Award  of,  196,  197. 

Extra  pay,  198,  199,  1546. 

Recommendations,  196,  197. 
Cliairs. 

Barrack,  1086,  10871 
Cliallenges: 

Members  of  courts,  A.  W.  88. 

To  duels,  A.  W.  26-28. 
Clianges  of  Station : 

Allowance  of  baggage,  1224,  1241-1245. 

Civilian  employees,  820. 

Commutation  of  quarters,  1493,  1494. 

Staff  officers,  822,  823. 

Travel  allowances,  1472-1478,  1483-1485. 

Travel  with  troops,  1474, 
Cliaiinels  of  Conmiuiiicatioii,  848-854. 
Cliapels,  341. 

Fuel,  351,  1110. 

Lights,  1118,  1129. 

Services,  50. 

Transportation  for,  1255. 
Chaplains: 

Assignments,  48. 

Duties,  50,  51. 

Inspections,  51,  975. 

Occasions  of  ceremony,  51. 

Quarters,  1095. 

Rank,  9,  12. 

Reviews,  51. 

Transfers,  49. 
Character: 

Civilian,  candidate  for  appointment,  33,  34. 

Enlisted   men,    candidates   for   appointment, 
27,  28. 
Charges  and  Specifications,  1027-1031. 

Disposition,  1028-1031. 

Forwarding,  1029. 

Inferior  courts,  1031. 

Investigation,  1029. 

Statements  of  service,  1028. 

Summary  court,  1031. 
Charges  d'Affaires: 

Honors  to,  469. 

Salutes  to,  469. 
Charges  of  Desertion: 

Effects,  1556-1558. 
Charts,  393. 
Check: 

Payments  of  enlisted  men  by,  1502-1527. 
Checlts: 

Amounts,  entry  of,  679. 

Check  books,  687-689. 

Contents,  678,  679. 

Duplicate,  681. 

Favor  of  self,  681. 

Forms,  678,  679. 

Limit  on  amount  of,  681. 

Mutilated,  689. 

Order,  678. 

Outstanding,  682-686. 

Payments  by,  678-681. 


Check  Books: 

Assistant  treasurer,  687. 

Issue,  687. 

Mutilated,  689. 

Official,  688. 

National-bank  depository,  688. 

Transfers,  687,  688. 

Treasurer,  687. 
Chief  Clerk,  War  Department: 

Advertising,  578-587. 
Chief  Justice  of  the  United  States: 

Honors  to,  450. 

Salutes  to,  468. 
Chief  Magistrate,  Foreign: 

Honors  to,  449. 

Salutes  to,  467,  470. 
Chief  Magistrate  of  State: 

Disrespectful  words  to,  W.  A.  19. 
Chief  Musician,  273,  274. 

Allowances,  1110. 

Appointments,  275. 

Rank,  9. 
Chief  of  Artillery: 

Appointments,  366. 

Assignments,  recommendations  for.  366. 

Board  of  Ordnance  and  Fortification,  366, 

Chief  of  Ordnance,  conferences  with,  366. 

Clerical  service,  366. 

Command,  366. 

Inspections,  366,  400,  401. 

Instruction,  366. 

Recommendations,  366. 

Records,  366. 

Sites  for  forts,  366. 

Supervision,  artillery  corps,  366. 

Transfers,  366. 
Chief  of  Engineers: 

Command,  1678, 1679. 

Duties,  1677-1699, 1692. 
Chief  of  Ordnance: 

Certificates  of  merit,  196. 

Clothing  and  equipage,  1294. 

Conferences  with  Chief  of  Artillery,  366. 

Courts-martial,  A.  W.  81. 

Duties,  1697. 

General  duties,  1694. 

Ordnance  depots,  1697-1700. 
Chief  Ordnance  OfiBcers  of  Departments: 

Requisitions  for  ordnance  supplies,  1701. 
Chief  Paymasters  of  Departments: 

Detail,  214. 

General  duties  and  responsibilities,  214, 1443 

Payment  to  enlisted  men,  1502. 

Travel  allowances,  1426. 
Chief  Quartermasters  of  Departments: 

Candles  for  offices  and  storerooms,  1403. 

Clothing  and  equipage,  1289,  1290. 

Detail  of,  and  duties,  214. 

Estimates  for  funds,  1074. 

Fuel  and  stoves,  office,  1110. 

Outstanding  debts,  1348. 
Chief  Signal  Officer: 

Army  and  Navy  signal  codes,  1747. 

Certificates  of  merit,  196. 

Courts-martial,  A.  W.  81. 

General  duties,  1741,  1746. 


INDEX. 


427 


("hlff  Slsrnal  Officer— Continued. 

Instruction  and  practice  in  signaling,  1747. 

Signal  Corps  sergeants,  1742. 

Signaling  operations  in  the  field,  1743. 

Signal  .supplies,  1750,  1751. 
Chiefs  of  Bureaus: 

Blank  forms,  1761. 

Boards  of  officers,  824. 

Boards  of  survey  proceedings,  802, 803. 

Changes  of  station  and  travel  duties,  822. 

Condemned  property, 983. 

Contingent,  departments,  215. 

Correspondence  with  disbursing  officer,  852. 

Secretary  of  War,  852. 

Etficiency  reports,  905. 

Examination  of  money  accounts,  737, 738. 

Fiscal  affairs,  205. 

Inspection  reports,  97G. 

Leaves  of  absence,  58. 

Oflicial  correspondence,  852. 

Property  returns,  783, 784. 

Public  moneys,  659. 

Remittances  to  officers,  700. 

Stoppages  of  officers'  pay,  1491-1500. 
(^Iilef  Surgeons  of  Departments: 

Casualty  returns,  887, 888. 

Detail  of,  and  duties,  214. 

Hospital  Corps,  1595. 

Inspections,  1671. 
Chief  Trumpeter,  273. 

Appointment,  273. 

Rank,  9.     . 
Children's  Schools,  360,361. 
Chimneys,  1116-1128,1135. 
China,  1086,1087. 
Citizenship: 

Civilian  candidate,  33. 

Enlisted  man,  candidate  for  promotion,  27. 

Recruit,  921. 
Civil  Appointments,  26,  33-35. 
Civil  Authority: 

Support  of,  563-568. 
Civil  Counsel,  1071, 1072. 
Civil  Courts: 

Enlisted  men  as  witnesses,  84. 

Officers  as  witnesses,  84. 

Transcripts  from  records,  161. 

TransportaJon  for  witnesses,  84. 
Civil  Bights: 

Enforcement  of,  564. 
Civilian  Employees: 

Appointment  of  clerks  and  messengers,  809. 

Arming,  1710. 

Changes  of  station,  820. 

Certificates  on  discharge,  811. 

Civil  Service,  808. 

Clerks,  809-811. 

Computation  of  time,  733. 

Department  commander,  supervision,  810. 

Designation  on  rolls,  811. 

Discharge,  811. 

Eight-hour  rule,  812. 

Emergency,  labor  in,  812. 

Employment,  808. 

Expenditures  for,  810. 

Hours  of  labor,  812. 

Hospital  treatment,  1638,  1639. 

Inspectors,  811. 


Civilian  Employees— Continued. 

Mechanics,  808. 

Medical  attendance,  1653. 

Messengers,  809. 

Packers,  811. 

Rations,  1378,  1398. 

Selection,  808,  809. 

Storekeepers,  811. 

Subsistence,  815, 817, 1378. 

Teamsters,  808,  811. 

Travel  expenses,  813-820. 

Watchmen,  811. 
Civilians: 

Admissions  to  hospital,  1640. 

Appointment  of,  33-35. 

Eligibility  of,  33-35. 
Civilian  Witnesses,  1023,  1024,  1066-1070. 
Civil  Office: 

Acceptance  of,  effects,  92. 
Civil  Service  Rules,  808. 
Claims: 

False,  A.  W.  60. 

Private  property  lost,  807. 
Clerks: 

Courts-martial,  1062,  1064. 

Extra-duty  pay,  183. 
Clerks  and  Messengers,  809. 
Closed  Sessions,  1022. 
Clothing: 

Accounts,  1001-1312,  1603. 

Allowances,  1286,  1301-1312. 

Altering,  293. 

Arctic  overshoes,  1310. 

Artillery  Corps,  367. 

Bands,  1312. 

Books,  367,  1301-1309. 

Burial  of  enlisted  men,  1320, 

Canvas-lined  garments,  1313. 

Changes  of  station,  1291. 

Companies,  estimates,  1287,  1300. 

Companies,  issues  to,  1300-1315 

Deceased  soldiers,  1320. 

Deserters,  141,  1306,  1307,  1309- 

Detachments,  1287,  1300-1315. 

Equipage,  1286,  1287,  1323-1330. 

Engineer  battalions,  1294,  1300. 

Estimates,  1287-1297. 

Fur  garments,  1314,  1315. 

Gauntlets,  fur,  1313,  1314. 

Gratuitous  issues,  1319,  1636. 

Issues,  1295,  1300-1309,  1319. 

Leggings,  1311. 

Mittens,  1313. 

Ordnance,  enlisted  men,  1300. 

Price  lists,  1286. 

Prisoners,  1014,  1317,  1318. 

Recruiting  service,  1293. 

Retired  enlisted  men,  109. 

Revision  of  estimates,  1288,  1290. 

Signal  Corps,  1294,  1300. 

Special  requisitions,  1292. 

Tables,  annual,  1286. 

Unmade  garments,  1298,  1299. 
Coal:  y 

Issue,  1172, 1174^1177. 
Codes: 

Signal  and  telegraphic,  1741-1749. 


428 


INDEX. 


Collections: 

Credit  sales,  1435-1437. 

Deposit  of,  693. 
Collect  Messages,  1341. 
College  Details,  43-47. 

Applications  for,  43. 

Efficiency  reports,  902. 

Inspections,  970. 

Instructions  to  officers  in,  47. 

Issues  of  ordnance, etc.,  to, 47. 

Restrictions  on,  44, 46. 

Retired  officers,  45. 
Colleges  (see  College  Details), 4^-47. 

Details  to,  43-47. 

Inspections. 

Issues  of  stores  to,  47. 
Colonel: 

Baggage  allowance,  1241-1245. 

Command,  14. 

Forage,  1154-1160. 

Fuel,  1110. 

Horses,  1182. 

Precedence,  10, 11. 

Quarters,  1110. 

Rank,  9, 12. 

Rooms,  1110. 

Stoves,  1110. 
Colored  Inks: 

Prohibited,  892. 
Colors: 

Artillery  Corps,  241. 

Camp,  251. 

Cavalry  regiment,  243. 

Engineers,  239,  240. 

Infantry  regiments,  242. 

President,  234. 

Secretary  of  War,  236. 

Use,  245. 
Command: 

Artillery  Corps,  366. 

Appropriate  to  grades,  14. 

Assignments  to,  13,  17,  19,  207. 

Commanding  general,  205. 

Exercise  of,  13,  14,  A.  W.  24.  122. 

Second  in,  duty  on  death  of  officer,  A.  W.  126. 

Staff,  17-19. 

Succession  to,  13,  16,  A.  W.  122. 

Suspension  from,  A.  W.  101. 
Commander,  Navy: 

Relative  rank,  12. 
Commanding-General: 

Aids,  40. 

Command,  205. 

Duties,  205. 

Furloughs,  117. 

Leaves  of  absence,  56,  73. 

Orders  issued  through,  206. 
Commanding  Officer: 

Ammunition  in  Indian  country,  1406i 

Arms,  554. 

Courtesies,  481-487. 

Determines  dress  for  day,  etc.,  1757. 

Disrespect  to,  A.  W.  20. 

Escorts,  488. 

Estimates,  828,  829,  832. 

Forage,  care  of,  1171-1177. 

Fuel,  care  of,  1171-1177. 


Commanding  Olllcer— Continued. 
Funerals,  490-495,  497-500,  502-504,  509. 
Liquor  on  Indian  reservations,  550. 
Marches,  order  on,  A.  W.  54. 
Mourning,  505-508. 
Orders  of,  for  payments,  735. 
Property  responsibility,  740. 

Care  and  verification,  1171-1177. 
Returns,  828. 
Requisitions,  828,  832. 
Supervision  of  public  property,  729-784. 
Surrender  of  offenders,  A.  W.  59. 
Uniforms,  1757. 
Vessels  of  war,  482-487. 
Victuals,   impositions  on,    persons    bringing, 

A.  W.  18. 
Visits,  481-487. 
Commands  Appropriate  to  Grades,  14. 
Assignments  to,  13. 

Discontinued,  records  of,  891,  1752-1755. 
Higher  grade,  pay  of,  1448. 
Succession  to,  15, 16. 
Commissary,  Acting: 

Pay,  1453. 
Commissary  Sergeants: 
Post,  9,  100-109,  111,  1356. 
Regimental,  9,  268. 
Commission: 
Date  of,  9. 

Preparation  and  issue,  833. 
Commissioned  Officers: 
Accountability— 

For  money,  658-738. 

For  property,  739,  740,  1163-1169. 
Actual  expenses  for  sea  travel,  1473. 
Aids,  40. 
Allowances — 

Baggage,  1222-1225,  1241-1245. 

Forage.  1154,  1158-1160. 

Fuel,  1101,  1102,  1104-1107. 

Horses,  transportation,  1182. 

Quarters,  1088-1100, 1110. 

Rooms,  1110. 

Stationery,  1136-1140. 

Transportation,  1232-1245.     ■ 
Arrest,  998-1003. 

Arrival  in  Washington,  report,  896. 
Assignment  of  quarters,  1089. 
Attaches,  41,  42,  1242-1244. 
Badges  of  societies,  1760. 
Baggage,  1222-1225,  1241-1245. 
Bonds,  650-657. 
Certificates,  A.  W.  12. 
Chaplains,  48-52. 
Civil  office,  restriction  on,  92. 
Claims  for  property  lost,  807. 
College  details,  43-47. 
Commutation  of  quarters,  1489-1496. 
Conduct  unbecoming  an  officer  and   gentle- 
man, A.  W.  61. 
Courtesies,  481-487. 
Cowardice,  A.  W.  100. 
Credit  sales,  1427,  1431,  1435-1437. 
Death  of,  93,  95,  A.  W.  125. 
Deceased,  93-99. 
Details  for  duty,  427-432. 
Details  to  staff,  36-42. 


INDEX. 


42y 


Comiiii88loncd  Olflcers— Continued. 

Disciplinary  punishments,  1027. 
Dismissal,  1456,  1460,  A.  W.  99,  100. 
Disobedience  of  orders,  A.  W.  21. 
Duties  performed  by  roster,  425-432, 
Disrespect  to — 

Commanding  oflBcer,  A.  W.  20. 

Congress,  A.  W.  19. 

President,  A.W.  19. 
Divine  service,  A.  W.  52. 
Drunk  on  duty,  A.W.  38. 
Duelling,  A.  W.  26-28. 
Effects  of  deceased,  A.W.  125. 
Effects  of  deceased  soldiers,  A.  W.  127. 
Efficiency  reports,  900-905, 
Escorts  of  honor,  488. 
Exchanges,  52,  53. 
Extra  pay,  1448-1454. 
False  alarms,  A.  W.  41. 
False  certificates,  A.  W.  13. 
False  musters,  A.  W.  14. 
Forage  allowance,  115^1,  1158-1160. 
Foreign  service,  1449. 
Fraud,  publication  of  sentence,  A.  W.  100. 
Fuel,  purchases,  1101,  1102,  1104-1107. 
Funeral  honors,  484-509. 
Honors,  449-479. 
Horses,  1178-1182. 
niuminating  supplies,  1116-1135. 
Individual  service  reports,  899. 
Leaves  of  absence,  54-71, 1464^-1471. 
Lying  out  of  quarters,  A.  W.  31. 
Marches,  order  on,  A.W.  54. 
Medals  cff  honor,  195. 
Medical  attendance,  1653-1655. 
Memorandum  receipts,  1166-1169. 
Misbehavior  before  enemy,  A.W.  42. 
Mounted  pay,  1450-1452. 
Musters,  A.  W.  12. 
Parade,  failing  to  appear,  A.  W,  33. 
Parlor  cars,  1232-1240. 
Passports  to,  67. 
Pay,  1445-1500. 

Pecuniary  responsibility,  735,  736. 
Permission  to  hunt,  68,  69. 
Personal  reports,  68,  69,  74-76,  108,  112,  148,  895- 

898,  958, 1593,  1743. 
Profane  oaths,  A.  W.  53. 
Professional  books,  transportation,  1243-1245. 
Purchases,  593-657. 

Forage,  1159. 

Fuel,  1101-1109. 

Subsistence,  1426-1439. 

Ordnance,  1704-1706. 
Quitting  guard,  etc.,  A.W.  40. 
Quitting  post  on  tender  of  resignation,  A.  W.  49. 
Rank,  7-12. 

Recruiting  details,  913,  914. 
Redress  of  wrongs,  A.  W.  29. 
Relative  rank,  12. 
Resignations,  59-92. 
Responsibility  for— 

Payments,  735. 

r-roperty,  739-807, 1163-1169. 
Retired  officers,  88. 
Retirement,  85-88. 
Reviews,  479. 
Rosters,  423-432. 


Commi88loncd  Officers— Continued. 

Salutes  by,  451,  453-455,  464. 

Salutes  to,  449,  450,  453-463. 

Sales  of — 
Clothing  to,  1321,  1322. 
Fuel,  1101-1110. 
Subsistence,  1426,  1427,  1429- i  131, 1435  1437. 

Sea  travel,  1473. 

Selection  of  quarters,  1090. 

Sick  leaves,  72-76. 

Sleeping  cars,  1232-1240. 

Stationery,  1136-1140. 

Stationery  allowance,  1136-1138. 

Subscribe  Articles  of  War,  A.  W,  1. 

Summary  court,  1031-1036. 

Suspension,  A.  W.  101. 

Transfers,  52-53. 

Travel  allowances,  1472-1488. 

Travel  on  duty,  75-84. 

Travel  orders,  78-84. 

Tried  by  general  courts,  A.  W.  79. 

Uniform,  1756-1759. 

Visits,  481-487. 

Waterproof  coats,  1758. 

Witnesses  before  civil  courts,  84, 1023-1025. 
Committees  of  Congress: 

Honors  to,  468. 

Salutes  to,  468. 

Travel  allowances  before,  1488. 
Commodore : 

Relative  rank,  12,  note. 
Commnnication : 

Chhannels  of,  848-854. 
Communications: 

See  Correspondence,  837-«55. 
Companies: 

Amusement  rooms,  1119.     . 

Artificers,  290,  292, 

Blacksmiths,  290, 292. 

Books,  294. 

Captains,  detachment  of,  280. 

Clothing  issues,  1301-1309. 

Cooking,  310,  316. 

Cooks,  290-292. 

Councils,  317-323. 

Farriers,  290,  292. 

Field  musicians,  290,  292, 

Funds,  317-323,  331-334, 1255, 

Lieutenants,  284. 

Lights,  lllfr-1135. 

Mechanics,  290,  292. 

Mess  call,  444. 

Messing,  310-316. 

Morning  reports,  448. 

Noncommissioned  officers,  285-291, 

Payments  to,  1502-1527, 

Police  call,  447. 

Records,  294,  295. 

Roll  calls,  443-447. 

Saddlers,  290,  292. 

Savings,  1407-1409. 

Tailors,  293. 

Trumpeters,  290,  292. 

Wagoners,  290,  292. 
Company  Clothing  6ook(«,  1801-1309. 
Company  Commanders: 

Allotments,  1531-1544. 

Deceased  soldiers,  175-180. 


430 


INDEX. 


Company  Commanders — Continued. 

Discharges,  151-174. 

Deposits,  1547-1555. 

Descriptive  lists,  115,  126,  1632. 

Disciplinary  punishments,  1027. 

Duties,  280-316. 

Final  statements,  152-170,  1548,  1549,  1559-1566. 

Funds,  317-323,  331-334. 

Lieutenants,  284. 

Noncommissioned  officers,  285-291 

Payments  by,  1502-1507. 

Public  property,  304. 

Responsibility  for  property,  743-746. 

Succession  in  command,  281-283. 

Text-books,  305. 
Company  Funds: 

Council,  317-323. 

Custodian,  318,  331-334. 

Deposits,  318. 

Expenditures,  331-334. 

Purchases,  324,  325,  350. 

Restrictions  on  uge,  324,  325. 
Commutation: 

Artificial  limbs,  1672. 
Commutation  of  (Quarters: 

Absence  from  station,  1492. 

Allowance,  1110,  1489. 

Awaiting  orders,  1495. 

Changes  of  station,  1493,  1494. 

During  leave  of  absence,  1491. 

Duty  with  troops,  1490. 

Orders,  1496. 

Payment,  1496. 

Temporary  absence,  1492. 
Commutation  of  Rations: 

Advance,  1418. 

Allowance,  1410,  1411,  1413-1415,  1417-1424. 

Civilians,  employees,  817. 

Claims  for,  1424. 

Discharge,  1421. 

Funds  for  payment  of,  1425. 

Furlough,  1419,  1420,  1422-1425. 

Orders  for,  1416,  1418. 

Payment,  1418,  1422-1425. 

Rates,  1410,  1411,  1413,  1414. 

Restrictions  on,  1410-1415,  1417,  1420,  1421. 

Retired  enlisted  men,  149. 

Subsistence  in  kind,  1412,  1414,  1415, 1417,  1420, 
1421. 

Transports,  1417, 1420,  1421. 
Compelling  Surrender,  A.W.  43. 
Competitive  Examinations: 

Civilians,  33-35. 

Enlisted  men,  27-33. 

Veterinarians,  200. 
Compliments  (see  Honors,  etc.),  481-487. 
Components  of  Ration,  1380. 
Computation  of  Time,  733. 
Condemned  Animals,  1150. 
Condemnation: 

Inspections  of  property  for,  979-990. 
Conduct  Prejudicial  to  Good  Order,  etc.,  A.W,  62, 
Conduct  Unbec(fming  an  Officer,  etc. : 

J)ismissal,  A.W.  61. 
Confinement: 

Abatement  of  term,  1016. 

Arrest  of  noncommissioned  officer,  1005,  1007. 


Confinement — Continued. 

Awaiting  result  of  trial,  1004. 

Awaiting  trial,  1004. 

Character,  1010. 

Commutation,  1017. 

Designation  of  posts  for,  1011. 

Duration,  A.W.  70. 

Enlisted  men,  1004-1010,  A.W.  66. 

Escapes,  1010,  1014. 

Extent  of  restriction,  1010. 

General  prisoners,  1011-1017. 

Irons,  1010. 

Mitigation,  1017. 

Order  for,  1007. 

Pardons,  1017. 

Penitentiary,  1042,  1043,  A.W.  97. 

Place  of,  1011. 

Release  from,  1009. 

Reports  of,  1005. 
Congress: 

Disrespectful  words  to,  A.  W.  19. 
Congress,  Committees  of: 

Honors  to,  468. 

Salutes  to,  468. 
Consuls-General: 

Honors  to,  469. 

Salutes  to,  469. 
Conspiracy  to  Defraud,  etc.,  A.  W. 
Construction  of  Posts: 

Restriction  on,  787. 
Contagious  Diseases: 

Destruction  of  clothing,  1635. 

Gratuitous  issues,  1636. 
Contempt  of  Court,  A.  W.  86. 
Contingencies  of  Army: 

Disbursement,  703. 
Contingent  Expenses: 

Accounting,  215. 

Allotment,  215. 

Expenditures,  215. 

Purchases,  215. 

Returns  of  property,  215. 

Vouchers,  215. 
Continuances,  A,  W.  93. 
Continuous-Service  Pay,  1528-1530. 
Contractors : 

Bonds,  638-644,  652-657. 
Contracts: 

Approval,  634. 

Corporations,  632. 

Disposition,  633-637. 

Foreign  countries,  631. 

Forms,  625-636. 

Laborers,  644. 

Material  men,  644. 

Niunber,  633. 

Papers  relating  to,  637. 

Partnership,  630. 

Philippine  Islands,  631. 

Printing,  588,  591. 

Returns  office,  635. 
Contract  Surgeons: 

Allowances,  1574. 

Appointments,  1574. 

Contracts,  1574,  1576. 

Dental  surgeons,  1574,  1578-1589. 

Details,  1577. 


INDEX. 


431 


Contract  Surgeons — Continued. 

Duties,  1577. 

Payments  to,  1459. 

Privileges,  1575. 
Convalescents : 

Diet  for,  1391-1397. 
Convening  Authority,  A.  W.  72,  73,  81,  82. 
Convention,  Geneva: 

Flag,  238. 
Converter  Boards,  370. 
Convictions: 

Previous,  1030,  1031-1038. 
Cooltlng  Stoves: 

Allowances,  1110-1114. 
Coo]£S : 

Appointment,  290,  292. 

Duties,  310-316. 

Reduction,  290. 
Copies  of  Court- Martial  Records,  993. 
Corn  Brooms,  1328,  1329,  1372. 
Corporals,  9,  285-291. 
Corporations: 

Bonds  of,  640-643. 

Contracts  of,  632. 
Corps: 

Commander,  leaves  of  absence,  56,  73. 

Discontinued,  records,  891. 

Precedence  of,  6. 
Correspondence: 

Actual  rank  of  addressee,  842. 

Address,  840,  848,  854. 

Brief,  843. 

Channels  of  communicatio;'  848-864. 

Chiefs  of  bureaus,  848,  852. 

Communications  for — 
Adjutant-General,  847,  850,  854. 
Secretary  of  War,  847,  854. 

Contents,  837,  838. 

Direct,  832. 

Folding,  839. 

Heading,  841. 

Heads  of  departments,  848.  862. 

Inclosures,  845. 

Indorsements,  844. 

Letters,  837-846,  854,  855. 

Private,  846. 

Signature,  841. 

Station  of  writer,  840. 

Tone,  854,  855. 

Transmittal,  837. 

Trivial,  854. 

Unimportant,  854. 

With  enemy,  A.  W.  46. 
Councils  of  Admlnstration: 

Approval,  321,  322. 

Composition,  319. 

Constitution,  319. 

Duties,  176,  177,  319-323. 

Expenditures,  317-322. 

Jurisdiction,  317,  319-323. 

Proceedings,  320. 

Records,  320. 

Review,  322,  323. 
Counsel,  1037. 

Civil,  1071,  1072. 
Courtesies: 

Salutes,  449-464. 
With  cannon,  465-480. 

Visits,  481-487. 


Courtesy  among  Military  Men,  4. 
Courts- martial: 

Appointment,  1018-1020. 

Arraignment,  A.  W.  89. 

Arrest  and  confinement,  998-1010. 

Challenges,  A.  W.  88. 

Charges  and  specifications,  1027-1036. 

Closed  sessions,  1022. 

Conduct  of  members,  1021. 

Contempt,  A.  W.  86. 

Continuances,  A.  W.  93. 

Convening  authority,  A.  W.  72,  73,  81,  82. 

Convening  order,  1018. 

Counsel,  1037,  A.  W.  90. 

Evidence,  A.W.  121. 

Interpreters,  1065. 

Judge-Advocates,  1022-1026, 1055-1063. 

Members,  A.  W.  75-79,  87,  88. 

Membership,  1018-1021. 

Oaths,  A.W.  81,  85. 

Order,  1018. 

Pleas,  A.  W.  89. 

Power  to  punish  members,  1021. 
President,  1020. 

Process  of  attachment,  1026. 

Prosecution,  A.  W.  90. 

Record,  A.  W.  113. 

Reporters,  1062-1064. 

Rank  of  members,  1018. 

Sentences,  1039-1061. 

Sessions,  1019. 

Stationery  for,  1140. 

Summary  courts,  1031-1036. 

Trials,  1037,  1038. 

Witnesses,  1023-1026,  1066-1070,  A.  W.  92. 

Writs  of  attachment,  1026. 
Courts  of  Inquiry: 

Authentication  of  record,  A.  W.  120. 

Composition,  A.W.  116. 

Constitution,  A.W.  115. 

Evidence,  A.W.  121. 

Oath,  A.W.  117. 

Proceedings,  A.  W.  120. 

Recorder,  A.  W.  118. 

Stationery,  1140. 

Witnesses,  A.  W.  118. 
Cowardice: 

Publication  of  sentence,  A.  W.  100. 
Credit: 
•  Payments  by  order  of  superior,  737. 

Expenditures  of  property,  777,  778. 
Credit  Sales: 

Subsistence,  1427,  1431,  1435-1437. 
Crimes  not  Capital: 

Jurisdiction  over,  A.  W.  62. 
Crockery : 

Issue  and  allowance,  1324, 1326. 
Currency : 

Payments  of  enlisted  men  by,  1502-1627. 
Customs  Officers: 

Assistance  to,  564. 
Dally  Service: 

Call  to  quarters,  443. 

Hours  for— 
.Meals,  444. 
Reports,  443-445. 

Mess  call,  444. 
i      Morning  reports,  448, 


432 


INDEX. 


Dally  Service — Continued. 

Police  call,  447. 

Retreat,  443,  445. 

Reveille,  443. 

Roll  calls,  443-446. 
DamagFe  to  Property,  763-769,  783,  784, 1169 
Death  Sentences,  A.  W.  96. 

Approval,  A.  W.  105. 
Deaths: 

Commissioned  officers,  A.  W.  125. 

Communicated  to  relatives,  894. 

Enlisted  men,  A.  W.  126. 

On  transports,  95, 1200. 

Reports  of,  93,  95,  1200. 
Debts  Outstanding,  712. 
Deceased  Officers,  93-99,  A.  W.  125. 

Burial  of,  99. 

Effects  of,  94,  96,  A.  W.  125, 

Funds  in  possession  of,  97,  98. 

Funeral  expenses,  99. 

Inventories  of  effects,  94,  96,  A.  W.  126. 

On  transports,  95. 

Public  money,  98. 

Public  property,  97,  98. 

Remains,  disposition,  99. 

Reports,  93. 
Deductions  of  Pay,  1545. 


Deficiency  in  Property,  783,  784, 1169. 
Degrees  of  Bank,  9. 
Delays,  79. 

See  Leaves. 
Deliberations: 

Conveying  praise  or  censure,  5, 
Dental  Surgeons : 

Allowances,  1574. 

Appointments,  1574,  1578,  1579. 

Assignments,  1580,  1581. 

Assistants,  1581. 

Certain  employees,  1583. 

Daybook,  1587. 

Duties,  1581-1589. 

Emergency  work,  1586. 

Enlisted  men,  work  for,  1583,  1587,  1588. 

Examinations,  1578. 

Families,  1583. 

Future  appointments,  1588. 

Hours  of  work,  1584. 

Instruments,  1582. 

Materials,  1586. 

Office  hours,  1584. 

Officers,  work  for,  1683. 

Operations,  1686. 

Pay,  1459. 

Reports,  1589. 

Restrictions,  1583. 
Department  Commanders: 

Absence,  213. 

Aids,  40,  214. 

Allotments  of  transportation,  1184. 

Artillery  corps,  command,  207, 208, 366. 

Assignment  of  quarters,  1094. 

Awards,  submission  to,  620. 

Civilian  employees,  supervision,  810. 

Command,  207,208,366. 

Communications,  copies  of,  826. 

Contingent  expenses,  215. 


Department  Commanders — Continued. 

Control  of  staff  officers,  826. 

Control  of  staff,  326. 

Convening  authority,  A.  W.  72. 

Death,  213. 

Decision  of  controversies,  212. 

Disability,  213. 

Disabled  officers,  reports  of,  85. 

Duties,  207-213, 224, 228, 229, 256, 267, 364, 400, 401. 

Estimates,  supervision,  826,830,831,1290. 

Exceptions  from  command,  208,  209. 

Extra  duty  men,  182,  184,  190. 

Fortifications- 
Command,  366. 
Inspections,  400,  401. 
Visits  to,  402-406. 

Hours  of  illumination  at  posts,  1133. 

Indian  scouts,  656-562. 

Inspections,  211,  400,  401. 

Leaves  of  absence,  56,  73. 

Monthly  returns,  576. 

Mounted  pay,  1460-1452. 

Pardon,  1017. 

Post  gardens,  354. 

Printing,  588-592. 

Reports,  211,  213,  827. 

Reservations,  229. 

Signal  instruction,  1747. 

Staff,  214. 

Succession  in  command,  213. 

Telegraphic  code,  1332. 

Visits  to  fortifications,  402-406. 
Departmental  Recruiting,  954. 
Departments,  207-216. 

See  Territorial  Departments. 
Deposit: 

Certificates  of,  690-695. 
Deposits  of  pay: 

Books,  1547-1550. 

Company  commander,  1547-1649. 

Death  of  depositor,  1663. 

Discharge,  1648, 1551. 

Final  statements,  1648-1650. 

Forfeitures,  1554. 

Interest  on,  1662. 

Loss  of  book,  1550. 

Method,  1547. 

Payment,  1648-1653. 

Purchase  of  discharge,  1565. 

Rate  of  interest,  1652. 
Deceased  Soldiers: 

Accounts  of,  179. 

Action  in  case  of,  A.  W.  175,  126. 

Auditor  for  War  Department,  178, 179. 

Burial,  180. 

Certificates  of  merit,  199. 

Council  of  administration,  176, 177. 

Disposition  of  effects,  A.  W.  175-179, 126. 
Remains,  180. 

Effects,  A.  W.  176-179,  126. 

Expenses  of  interment,  180. 

Heirship,  179. 

Legal  representatives,  176, 178, 179. 

Remains,  180. 

Reports,  96, 1200. 
Depositions,  A.  W.  91. 

Boards  of  survey,  795,  796. 


INDEX. 


488 


Depots: 

Command,  971. 

Estimates,  831. 

Exempt  from  control  of  department  command- 
ers, 208. 

Inspections,  968,  971,  974r-976, 

Ordnance,  1690-1700. 
Descriptions  of  Tests,  1738-1740. 
Descriptive  Books: 

Artillery  corps,  367. 

Company,  294. 

Public  animals,  1146-1148. 
Descriptive  Cards  of  Recruits,  949. 
Descriptive  Lists,  115. 

Artillery  corps,  367. 

Contents,  115. 

Enlisted  men  in  hospital,  1632. 

In  desertion,  130,  133. 

Public  animals,  1146,  1148. 

Retired  enlisted  men,  147, 150. 

Vaccination,  115. 
Desert: 

Advising  to,  A.  W.  51. 

Persuading  to,  A.  W.  51. 
Deserters : 

Apprehension,  133,136. 

Boards  of  survey,  127. 

Charges  against,  127,  135-138. 

Clothing  of,  141. 

Descriptive  lists,  130,  133. 

Disposition,  128,  129,  131,  132,  140. 

Effects,  141. 

Examination,  128,  131,  132. 

From  Marine  Corps,  145. 

From  Navy,  145. 

Expenses  of  apprehension,  136, 137. 

Forfeitures,  135-138, 142-144. 

Limitation  on  prosecution,  A.  W.  108. 

Pay,  1556-1558. 

Received  at — 
Posts,  129,  131,  134. 
Recruiting  stations,  128. 

Release,  131. 

Reports  of,  130,  134,  145. 

Restoration  to  duty,  143. 

Rewards,  135, 137, 138, 143. 

Time  lost,  142. 

Trial  of,  140. 
Desertion,  A.W.47. 

Statutory  consequences,  A.  W.  48. 
Desks: 

Allowance  for,  1137. 
Destitute  Persons : 

Issxies  to,  1405. 
Destruction  of  Records,  893. 
Detached  Soldiers,  114. 

Descriptive  lists,  114. 
Detachments,  438-442. 

Formation,  438-442. 

Reports,  442. 
Details: 

Colleges,  43-47. 

Extra  duty,  182, 183. 

Recruiting,  913, 914. 

Staff,  36-42. 
Details  to  the  Staff,  36-42. 

Considerations  affecting,  37,  38. 

22778—03 28 


Details  to  the  Staff— Continued. 

Equalization,  37. 

Restrictions  on,  39. 

Term,  39,  261. 
Diet  for  Sick  and  Convalescents,  1391-1397. 
Disability: 

Certificates  of,  171-174. 
Disbursing  Officers: 

Accounts  current,  advertising,  678-587. 

Appropriation,  699-707. 

Betting  at  cards,  672. 

Bonds,  650-657. 

Channels  of  communication,  826. 

Check  books,  678-689. 

Checks.  678-^86. 

Certificates  of  deposit,  690-695. 

Deposits,  659-667,  673,  674. 

Error  in  certificate,  736. 

Gambling,  672, 

Insurance  of  money  forbidden,  675. 

Interest  in  purchases,  669,  670. 

Fiscal  year,  699^707. 

Inspections,  971,  977,  978. 

Money  accountability,  658-738. 

Offenses  in  disbursement,  669-672. 

Order  of  superior,  735. 

Outstanding  debts,  712. 

Personal  permission,  665,  666. 

Proceeds  of  sales,  696-698. 

Property  accountability,  739-807. 

Purchases,  593-657. 

Revision  of  estimates,  829-831. 

Sharing  in  profits,  671. 

Transfers,  676,  677. 

Vouchers,  713-734. 
Disbursements: 

Commutation  of  rations,  1410-1425. 

Inspection  of,  971,  977,  978. 
Discharge  by  Purchase,  156,  158. 
Discharge  Certificates: 

Age  to  be  entered,  165. 

Cause,  153,  162, 165. 

Contents,  153,  162, 165,  166. 

Character,  165. 

Date,  154, 163. 

Deserters'  release,  131. 

Discharge  without  honor,  167. 

Dishonorable,  167, 168. 

Forms,  167. 

Honorable,  151, 162, 167. 

Previous  service,  164. 

Purchase,  156. 

Signature  of  soldier,  166. 

Statement  of  character,  165. 

Veterans,  157. 

When  operative,  154, 163. 

Without  honor,  167. 
Discharged  Enlisted  Men: 

Admission  to  hospitals,  1663, 1664. 

Allowances  for  travel,  1562,  1563. 

Certificates  of  disability,  1565. 

Final  statements,  1559-1561,  1564-1566. 

Fraudulent  enlistment,  1564. 

Minority,  1560. 

Sea  travel,  1562. 

Travel  allowances,  1562-1565. 


434 


INDEX. 


Discharge  of  Enlisted  Men: 

Absent  enlisted  men,  165. 

Admission  to  hospital,  1634,  1663. 

Age,  162. 

Applications  for,  151. 

Authority  for,  151. 

By  favor,  151. 

By  whom  made,  151,  171-174. 

Cause,  153,  162,  1&5. 

Character,  162. 

Certificate  of  disability,  171-174. 

Certificate  of,  151,  153-155. 

Date,  154,  163. 

Disability,  171-174. 

Dishonorable,  167-169. 

Duplicate  certificates,  155. 

Forms  of,  167. 

Honorable,  167. 

Payments  to,  166. 

Purchase  of,  156. 

Transportation,  170.  ^ 

Travel  allowances,  158,  159,  170. 

Travel  oil  transports,  1417,  1421. 

Veterans,  157. 

When  operative,  154,  163. 

Without  honor,  167. 
Discharges,  151-174. 

Granted  by  whom,  A.  W.  4. 

Payments  on,  1559-1566. 
Discharge  Without  Honor,  161,  167, 1«9. 
Disciplinary  Punishments,  1027. 
Discipline: 

Admonitions,  1027. 

Fatigue,  extra  tours,  1027. 

Punishments,  1027. 

Withholding  of  privileges,  1027. 
Discontinued  Commands: 

Records,  891,  1752-1755. 
Discussions  Conveying  Praise  or  Censure,  5. 
Dishonorable  Discharge,  161,  167. 
Disinfectants: 

Issue  of,  1668. 
Dismissal,  A.  W.  99,  100. 

Approval  of  sentences,  A.  W.  106. 

For  cowardice  or  fraud,  A.  W.  100. 

Pay  on,  1456,  1460. 

Sentences,  A.  W.  99,  A.  W.  106. 
Dismounted  Cavalry: 

Details  from,  434. 

Precedence,  6. 
Disobedience  of  Orders,  A.  W.  21.      - 
Disorders: 

Quelling  of,  A.  W.  24. 
Disposition  of  Effects: 

Deceased  commissioned  officers,  — . 

Deceased  enlisted  men,  — . 

Escaped  prisoners,  1014. 
Dis(iuallficatIon  for  Enlistment,  923. 
Distances: 

Computation,  1472,  1475. 

Tables  of,  1472,  1475. 
Divine  Service,  52. 
Division  Commander: 

Convening  authority,  A  W.  73. 

Furloughs,  117. 

Leaves  of  absence,  56,  73. 
Division  of  Military  Information,  42. 


Divisions: 

Discontinued,  records  of,  891. 
Draft  Animals,  1141-1150. 

See  Public  Animals. 
Dress,  1756, 1757.  ^"' 

See  Uniform. 
Dress  for  Day: 

prescribed  by  commanding  officer,  1757. 
Drill  Regulations: 

Ceremonies  to  conform  to,  570. 
Drum  Major,  273. 

Appointment,  275. 

Rank,  9. 
Drunk  on  Duty,  A.  W.  38. 
Due  Bills: 

Forbidden,  732. 
Duels,  A.  W.  26-28. 

Duplicate  Bills  of  Lading,  1256, 1265, 1274-1279. 
Duplicate  Checks,  681. 
Duties: 

Classification,  425,  426. 

Details,  426-437. 

Rosters,  423-432. 
Duty: 

Extra,  181-190. 

Hiring,  A.  W.  36,  37. 

On  Sunday,  220. 

Special,  182. 

With  troops,  1490. 
Effective  Strength: 

Returns  of,  884. 
Effects  of  Deceased  Officers,  A.  W.  94,  96,  125. 
Effects  of  Deceased  Soldiers,  A.  W.126, 127, 175-179, 
Effects  of  Deserters,  141. 
Effects  of  Prisoners,  1014. 
Efficiency  Reports: 

Artillery,  901. 

Contents,  904,  905. 

By  whom  made,  900-902. 

Of  whom  made,  900,  901-906. 

Preparation,  904. 

Purpose,  904, 905. 

Staff  officers,  900-905. 

To  whom  made,  905. 
Eight-Hour  Law: 

Civilian  employees,  812. 

Extra-duty  men,  8. 
Ejection  of  Trespassers: 

Indian  reservations,  564. 

Public  lands,  564. 

Reservations,  564. 
Electrician  Sergeants: 

Appointment,  100, 110. 

Control,  111. 

Duties,  110. 

Examination,  103-105,  110. 

Instruction,  110. 

Rank,  9. 

Qualifications,  100,  110. 

Reenlistment,  113. 

Reports,  112. 

School  for,  537. 

Selection,  100-103,  110. 

Stations,  107, 110. 
Electric  Lights: 

Allowance,  1129,  1130 

Measure,  1131. 

Sales,  1130-1133. 


INDEX. 


485 


Enibelllshmeiitof  I'osts,  229. 
Embezzlement,  A.  \V.  60. 
Emergencf  llatlon,  1377,  1382. 
Employees,  808-820. 

See  Civilian  Employees. 
Employment  of  Civilians,  808. 
Employment  of  Military  Force,  563-668. 
Endorsements,  844. 
Enemy: 

Battle  reports,  885. 

Captures  from,  A.  W.  9, 

Correspondence  with,  A.  W.  46. 

Misbehavior  before,  A.  W.  42. 

Relieving,  A.  W.  45. 
Enforcement  of  Law: 

Force  in,  563-568. 
Engagements: 

Reports,  885. 
Engineer  Battalions: 

Band,  274-279. 
Engineer  Department: 

Advertising,  578-587. 

Boards,  824. 

Civilian  employees,  808-820. 

Changes  of  station,  822,  823. 

Chief  of  Engineers,  1678, 1692. 

Command,  1678,  1682. 

Duties,  821. 

Evacuated  posts,  230. 

Fortifications,  375-380,  382,  391. 

Inspections,  968-971. 

Instruction,  531. 

Mines,  1677. 

'Money  accounts,  658-738. 

Officers,  1679-1690. 

Purchases,  593-657, 

Supplies,  375-380,  382,  391,  1677. 

Torpedoes,  1677. 

Travel,  1472, 1677. 

Troops,  1677-1683. 
Engineer  OfHcers: 

Allowances,  1081,  1690,  1693. 

Command,  1678,  1680,  1682,  1683. 

Detachment,  1679, 1680. 

Duties,  1677,  1678,  1683,  1684-1689. 

Travel  pay,  1693. 
Engineers : 

Colors,  239,  240. 

Precedence,  6. 
Engineer  Scliool,  531,  532. 

Details  to,  532. 
Engineer  Troops: 

Allowances,  1681. 

Command,  1678,  1680,  1682,  1683. 

Detachment,  1679,  1680. 

Duties,  1677,  1679,  1685,  1687. 

Precedence,  6. 

Reports,  1679,  1680. 

Returns,  1679,  1680. 
Enlisted  Men : 

Absence  without  leave,  138,  144,  A.  W.  32. 

Accounts  of  pay,  etc.,  115. 

Allotments  of  pay,  1531-1544. 

Ammunition,  sale,  waste,  etc.,  A.  W.  16. 

Articles  of  war  read  to,  A.  W.  2. 

Artificers,  290,  292. 

Artisans,  183. 


Enlisted  Men— Continued. 
Badges  of  military  societies,  1760 
Baggage,  1224,  1241-1245. 
Bakers,  183,  306. 
Bathing,  299. 
Beards,  299. 
Blacksmiths,  183. 
Candidates  for  promotion,  27-33. 
Certificates  of — 

Disability,  171-174. 

Merit,  196-199. 
Claims  for  property  lost,  807. 
Cleanliness,  299,  301. 
Clerks— 

To  judge-advocates,  1062. 

Extra-duty  pay,  183. 
Clothing,  293,  299,  1301-1312,  1320. 

Allowances,  1301-1312^ 
Commutation  of  rations,  1410-1425. 
Confinement  of,  1004-1010,  1017. 
Cooking,  310-316. 
Cooks,  290,  292. 
Corporals,  285-291. 
Counsel,  1037. 

Credit  sales,  1427,  1431,  1435-1437. 
Death  of,  A.  W.  126. 
Dental  work,  1583,  1587,  1588. 
Deposits,  1547-1555. 
Detached,  115. 

Details  on  extra  duty,  181-190. 
Discharges,  151-174,  A.  W.  4. 
Disciplinary  punishments,  1027. 
Disobedience  of  orders,  A.  W.  21. 
Divine  service,  A.  W.  52. 
Drunk  on  duty,  A.  W.  38. 
Dueling,  A.  W.  26-28. 

Effects  of  deceased,  17&-179,  A.  W.  126,  127. 
Enlistments,  921-938. 
Equipments,  308. 

Examinations  of,  for  promotion,  2&-33. 
Farriers,  290, 293. 
Field  musicians,  290, 292. 
Final  statements,  147,  152,  153,  156,  159,  162,  166, 

170. 
Funerals,  496,501-508. 
Furloughs,  116-124. 
Hair,  299. 

Hiring  duty,  A.  W.  36,  37. 
Hospital  Corps,  1590-1620. 
Illuminating  supplies,  1116-1135. 
Laborers,  183. 
Lance  corporals,  287. 
Lying  out  of  quarters,  A.  W.  31. 
Married  men,  1600. 
Mechanics,  183,  290,  292. 
Medals  of  honor,  195. 
Medical  attendance,  ir)53-1655. 
Messing,  310-316. 

Misbehavior  before  enemy,  A.  W,  42. 
Mourning  .505-508. 

Noncommissioned  staff,  100-114,  268. 
Parade,  failing  to  repair  to,  A.  W.  33. 
Payments  by- 
Check,  1502-1527. 

Currency,  1502-1527. 

Express,  1502-1527. 

On  discharge,  1659-1566. 


436 


INDEX. 


Knlisted  Men — Continued. 

Profane  oaths,  A.  W.  53. 

Property,  304,  309. 

Quitting  guard,  etc.,  A.  W.  40. 

Rank,  9. 

Rations,  1377-1402. 

Records,  834. 

Redress  of  wrongs,  A.  W.  30. 

Reenlistment  pay,  1528-1530. 

Saddlers,  290,  292. 

Sales  of  subsistence,  1428,  1429,  1431,  1434,  1436, 
1437. 

Salutes  by,  456-463. 

Schools,  355-359,  362. 

School-teachers,  183. 

Sergeants,  285-291 

Signal  Corps,  1742. 

Sleeping  cars,  1232-1240.  ! 

Sleeping  on  post,  A.  W.  39. 

Soldiers'  Home,  191-194,  1545, 

Summary  courts  for  trial  of,  1031-1036. 
-     Teachers,  183. 

Teamsters,  183. 

Transfers,  125, 126. 

Travel  allowances,   1232-1240,   1410-1425,  1559- 
1566. 

Uniform,  362,  363,  1756-1759. 

Wagoners,  186,  290,  292. 

Witnesses,  1023-1025. 
Enlistments: 

Accountability  of  officer,  925. 

Age,  921-923. 

Antedating,  932. 

Applications,  921,  922,  936-938. 

Articles  of  War  relating  to,  930. 

Consent  of  parent,  927. 

Contract,  929. 

Declaration,  927. 

Disqualifications  for,  923. 

False  representations,  928. 

Fraudulent,  A.  W.  50. 

Guardian,  consent,  927. 

Hospital  Corps,  1597,  1598. 

Indian  scouts,  558,  561-562. 

Married  men,  926. 

Medical  inspection,  939-947. 

Methods,  922-930,  936-938. 

Minor,  927. 

Oath,  929. 

Parent,  consent,  927. 

Papers,  931. 

Prohibited,  A.  W.  3. 

Reenlistments,  934,  935. 

Qualifications,  921-923. 
Ensign,  NaTjr: 

Relative  rank,  12. 
Envelopes: 

Penalty,  906-911. 
Envoys : 

Honors  to,  450. 

Salutes  to,  468. 
Equalization  of  Staff  Details,  87. 
Equipage: 

Allowances,  1286. 

Band  instruments,  1326,  1327. 

Brooms,  1328,  1329. 

Canvas,  1030. 


Equipage— Continued. 

Corn  brooms,  1328, 1329. 

Estimates,  1287-1297. 

Handles,  ax,  pick,  etc.,  1323. 

Helves,  ax,  etc.,  1323. 

Issues,  1295,  1323-1330. 

Price  lists,  1286. 

Scrubbing  brushes,  1328. 

Tableware,  1324,  1325. 

Tent  pins,  1323. 

Tents,  1330. 
Erasers,  1137,  1262. 
Escaped  Prisoners: 

Rewards  for,  139. 
Escape  of  Prisoner: 

Prevention,  1010.. 
Escape: 

Suffering  prisoner  to,  A.  W.  69. 
Escorts: 

Colors,  515. 

Funeral,  499-^504, 

Honor,  488. 
Estimates : 

Clothing,  1287-1297. 

Equipage,  1287-1297. 

Promptly  forwarded,  828. 

Quartermasters,  1079. 

Revision,  1288,  1290. 

Special,  for  clothing,  1292. 

Subsistence  supplies,  1354. 

Supervision  by  department  commanders,  826, 
829,  832. 
Evacuated  Posts,  230. 
Evening  Gun,  226. 
Evidence: 

Courts-martial,  A.  W.  92. 
Examination  of  Money  Accounts,  737,  738. 
Examinations : 

Civilians  for  appointment,  33-35. 

Dental  surgeons,  1578. 

Deserters,  128, 131, 132. 

Details  to  staff,  36. 

Enlisted  men  for  promotion,  26-33. 

Hospital  stewards,  1591. 

Line  officers  for  promotion,  24. 

Physical,  of  recruits,  939-947. 

Post  noncommissioned  staff,  103-105, 110. 

Promotion,  23,  24,  25. 

Staff  officers  for  promotion,  23. 

Veterinarians,  200. 
Exchange  of  Ofllcers,  52,  53. 
Exchanges,  363-365. 

See  Post  Exchanges. 
Executors: 

Payments  to,  forbidden,  734. 
Expeditions : 

Command  and  direction  of,  19. 

Loans  to  soirveying,  754. 

Maps,  522-526. 
Expenditures: 

Ammunition,  1713-1716. 

Contingent  funds,  215. 

On  order  of  superior,  735. 
Experimental  Trials,  1738-1740. 
Express : 

Payments  of  troops  by,  1502-1527. 
Extradition : 

Enforcement  of,  564. 


INDEX. 


437 


Extra  Issues,  1403. 
Extra  Duty: 

Artificers,  186. 

Authority  for,  182, 183. 

Bakers,  183, 306. 

Blacksmiths,  186. 

Charges  for,  187. 

Clerks,  183. 

Compensation,  183,  187,  189. 

Definition,  182. 

Department  commander,  supervision,  182,  184, 
190. 

Details,  182, 183. 

Extra  pay,  189. 

Farriers,  186. 

Funds  for,  182,  190. 

Hours  of  labor,  189. 

Inspections.  188. 

Laborers,  183. 

Mechanics,  183. 

Noncommissioned  officers,  184, 185. 

Orders  for,  183. 

Overseers,  183. 

Overtime,  189. 

Rates  of  pay,  183,  189. 

Restrictions  on,  181-186,  187-190.  * 

Reports,  182. 

Saddlers,  186. 

School-teachers,  183. 

Secretary  of  War,  supervision,  185. 

Special  duty,  182. 

Teachers,  183. 

Teamsters,  183. 

Wagoners,  186. 
Extra  Duty  Pay: 

Allotments,  182,  190. 

Authority  for,  182,  184,  185,  190. 

Funds  for,  182,  190. 

Hours  of  labor,  189. 

Overtime,  189. 

Rates  of  pay,  183, 189. 

Restrictions  on,  181-187, 190. 

Reports,  182. 
Extra  Pay: 

Certificate  of  merit,  196-199. 

Extra  duty,  181-190. 
Facts: 

Errors  of,  in  certificate,  736. 
False  Alarm: 

A.  W.  41. 
False  Certificates: 

A.  W.  13. 
False  Muster: 

A.  W^  14. 
Families: 

Dental  work  not  done  for,  1583. 

Medical  attendance,  1053. 

Sales  of — 
Fuel  to,— , 

Subsistence  to,  1426, 1434. 
Farriers: 

Appointment,  290, 292. 

Reduction,  290. 
Fatigue  Uniform,  302. 
Female  Nurses: 

Rations,  1378. 
Ferries,  1230, 1231. 


Ferry  Ticlcets,  1231. 
Field  Artillery: 

Details,  436. 

Duty,  436. 

Guidons,  247. 
Field  Batteries: 

Horses  for  officers,  1179, 1180. 
Field  Kit,  316. 
Field  Musicians: 

Appointment,  290,  292. 

Reduction,  290. 
Field  Ration,  1377,  1380. 
Final  Statements: 

Blank  forms  for,  167. 

By  whom  prepared,  152. 

Character  noted,  162. 

Contents,  152,  153,  156,  159,  162, 166,  170. 

Deposits,  1548-1550. 

Discharged  soldiers,  152,  153,  156,  159,  182,  166, 
170. 

Loss,  1561. 

Notification  to  paymaster,  166. 

Payments  on,  166,  1559-1561,  1564-1566 

Retired  enlisted  men,  147. 

Signature  of  soldier,  166. 

Transfers,  1566. 

Transportation  noted,  159,  170 
First  Aid  to  Injured,  1609. 
First  Lieutenant: 

Command  of,  14. 

Precedence,  10, 11. 

Rank,  9. 

Relative  rank,  12. 
First  Sergeants,  288,  289. 

Appointment,  288. 

Rank,  9. 

Reduction,  288. 

Selection,  288. 

Warrant,  289. 
Fiscal  Tear: 

Abstracts,  701. 

Accounts  current,  701,  702. 

Balances,  705-707. 

Beginning,  699. 

Contingent  expenses,  703. 

End,  699. 

Funds  at  close  of,  705. 

Remittances  to  show,  700. 

Supplemental  accounts,  706. 

Vouchers,  701. 
Flags: 

Artillery- 
Battery,  247. 
Corps,  241. 

Battles,  250. 

Camp  colors,  251. 

Cavalry,  243,  246. 

Colors,  234,  236,  244  245,  251. 

Dipping,  480. 

Disposition,  249. 

Engineers,  239,  240. 

Garrison,  237. 

Geneva  convention,  238. 

Guidons,  246,  247. 

Honors  to,  451. 

Infantry,  242. 

National,  231,  232,  237. 


438 


INDEX. 


Flags — Continued. 

Post,  237. 

President,  233. 

Restriction  on  use  of,  252. 

Secretary  of  War,  235. 

Signal  Corps,  248. 

Storm,  237. 

Target  practice,  421. 

Unserviceable,  249. 
Flogging: 

Punishment,  A.  W.  98. 
Floors,  300. 
Flour: 

Small-arms  practice,  421,  1403. 
Forage: 

Allowance,  1154,  1155,  11G2. 

Bedding,  llGl,  11G2. 

Contracts  for,  1171,  1173. 

Deliveries,  1171. 

Grain,  1172,  1174-1177. 

Grazing,  1155. 

Hay,  1172,  1174-1177. 

Inventories,  1174-1177. 

Issues,  1156. 

Masters,  1170. 

Private  horses,  1157-1159. 

Receipt,  1172. 

Restrictions  on  issues,  1158-1160. 

Sales,  1159,  1160. 

Short  forage,  1173. 

Straw,  1172,  1175,  1176. 

Verification,  1174-1177. 

Weighing,  1172,  1174-1177. 
Forage  Masters: 

Not  to  be  interested  in  transportation,  etc.,  1170. 
Force: 

Command  of,  567. 

Employment  of,  563-568. 

Restrictions  on,  563,  565» 

Use,  567,  568. 
Forms  (see  Blank  Forms),  592,  1761 

Directions  on,  1761. 

How  obtained,  592. 
Foreign  Correspondence: 

Penalty  envelopes  not  used  in,  911. 
Foreign  Countries: 

Reports  of  visits  to,  66. 
Foreign  Men-of-War: 

Salutes  by,  477,  478. 

Salutes  to,  477,  478. 

Visits,  482-487. 
Foreign  Officers: 

Visits  aTid  courtesies,  481-487 
Foreign  Purcliases,  595. 
Foreign  Service: 

Pay,  1449. 
Forfeitures : 

Absence  without  leave,  144. 

Desertion,  135-138,  142-144. 

Pay,  1545. 
Formations: 

Chaplains,  51. 

Precedence  of  corps,  6. 
Fort  Bayard: 

General  hospital,  1627. 
Fortifications: 

Alterations  in,  1661. 


Fortifications — Continued. 

Ammunition  service,  374. 

Artillery  corps,  duties,  369-399. 

Boilers,  372. 

Charts,  393. 

Completion,  1G91. 

Converter  boards,  370. 

Construction,  1677. 

Engineer  officers,  1689,  1690. 

Guns — 
Care,  369-371. 
Mounting,  375-381. 

Electric  light  and  power  plants,  372,  389. 

Engineer  Department,  supplies,  382,  391. 

Inspections,  400, 401. 

Magazines,  395-398. 

Mechanical  maneuver    357. 

Mine  fields,  369,  370. 

Mines,  369,  370. 

Mortars,  care,  mounting. 

Mounting  guns,  etc.,  369-371,  375-381. 

Ordnance  Department,  supplies,  383,  384,  392. 

Parapets,  373. 

Penthouses,  399. 
^  Platforms,  373. 

Position  finders,  370,  388-392. 

Power  phmts,  372,  389. 

Quartermaster's  Department,  supplies,  385, 

Range  finders,  370,  388-392. 

Signal  Department,  supplies,  3<S6,  390. 

Supplies  for,  382-386,  390-392. 

Torpedoes,  369,  370. 

Vessel  tracking,  394. 

Visits,  402-406. 
Fraud,  A.  W.  60. 
Frays: 

Suppression  of,  A.  W.  24. 
Fresli  Meat: 

Issues,  etc.,  1376,  1380,  1383. 
Fuel: 

Allowances,  1110, 1115. 

Bakery,  335,  1108. 

Certificate,  1105.    • 

Coal;  1172,  1174-1177. 

Deliveries,  1171,  1172. 

Equivalents,  1186. 

Increase,  1115. 

Inventories,  1174-1177. 

Issues,.1108,  1109,  1110. 

Oak  wood,  standard,  1106. 

Payments  for,  1104. 

Property,  1108. 

Purchases,  1101,  1102,  1104-1107. 

Sales  to- 
Commissioned  officers,  1101,  1102,  1104-1107. 
Enlisted  men,  1103. 
Families,  1102,  1105. 

Savings  to  be  returned,  1108. 

Verification,  1172,  1174-1177. 

Veterinarians,  201. 
.    Wood,  1172,  1174-1177. 
Funds  (see  Public  Moneys) : 

Embezzlement,  A.  W.  60. 

In  personal  possession,  665,  666. 

Of  deceased  officer,  98. 
Funeral  Expenses: 

Commissioned  officers,  95. 

Enlisted  men,  180. 


INDEX. 


439 


Funeral  Honors,  489-509. 
Funerals: 

Bearers,  603. 

Colors,  508. 

Commissioned  oflicers,  490-495,  499-5(H),  502-509. 

Draping  flags,  508. 

Enlisted  men,  49C),  501-503,  504-508. 

Escorts,  499-502. 

Flag,  491,  493-498,  508. 

Honors,  489-509. 

Mourning,  505-508. 

Pallbearers,  503. 

Procession,  499-504. 

Uniform,  504. 
Fur  Oarraents,  1314,  1315. 
Furloughs: 

Arms  not  taken  on,  124. 

Beyond  sea,  transportation,  122. 

Changes  of  station,  123. 

Commencement,  122. 

Commutation  of  rations,  1418-1425. 

Corps  commander,  117. 

Department  commander,  117. 

Duration,  116,  117,  119,  122. 

Granting,  116,  117-120,  A.  W.  11. 

Payments  on,  124. 

Post  commander,  116. 

Post  noncommissioned  stafl,  119. 

Regimental  commander,  116. 

Restrictions  on,  118-120. 

Suspension,  118. 

Station  changed  during,  123. 

Transportation  to  men  on,  121,  122 
Furniture: 

Barrack,  1137. 
(janibling,  86. 

Disbursing  officer,  672. 
Game: 

Hunting,  69,  70,  422. 
Gardens,  352-354. 

(See  Post  Gardens. ) 
iiarrlson  Courts,  A.  W.  82. 

Jurisdiction,  A.  W.  83. 

Ration,  1377,  1380. 

Returns,  A.  W.  7. 
Gas: 

Allowance,  1129,  1130. 

Measure,  1131. 

Sales,  1130-1133. 
General: 

Escorts,  488. 

Funeral  honors,  491,  499. 

Honors  to,  449. 

Rank,  9. 

Relative  rank,  12. 

Salutes  to,  471. 

Visits,  481. 
General  Depots,  1078. 
General  Control,  208. 
General  Estimates,  331. 
General  Courts  ,..sie  Courts- Martial): 

Composition,  A.  W.  74-78. 

Constitution,  A.  W.  72-74. 

Jurisdiction,  A.  W.  77-79. 
General  Hospitals: 

Boats,  1622. 

Control,  1621,  1622. 

Fort  Bayard,  1627. 


General  Hospitals — Continued. 

Hot.  Springs,  1623-1626. 

Railway  trains,  1622. 

Transports,  1622. 
(■eneral  Messes,  310-316. 

Subsistence,  1402. 
General  Officers: 

Aids,  40, 892. 

Appointment,  21, 

Commands,  14. 

Escorts,  488. 

Funeral  honors,  491,  499. 

Honors,  449,  450. 

Personal  reports,  892. 

Rank,  9. 

Relative  rank,  12. 

Salutes,  471-474. 

Selection,  21. 

Sentences  affecting,  A.  W.  108. 

Travel  on  duty,  77-84. 

Visits,  481. 
General  Orders,  856,  857,  859. 

Contents,  856,  857,  859. 

Copies  to  Adjutant-General,  869-871. 

Distribution,  866,  867. 

Execution,  861, 
General  Prisoners,  1008,  1011-1017. 

Issues  to,  1404. 
General  Service: 

Clerks  and  messengers,  809, 
Geneva  Flag,  238. 
Gentlemen: 

Conduct  unbecoming,  etc.,  A.  W.  61. 
Gestures: 

Reproachful,  A.  W.  25. 
Glassware,  1087. 
Good  Conduct  of  Prisoner: 

Abatement  for,  1016. 
Government  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  544-549. 

Admissions  to,  545. 

Applications,  546. 

Escorts,  547,  548. 

Release  of  patients,  549. 
Governor-General: 

Definition,  468. 

Honors  to,  468. 

Salutes  to,  468, 

Visits,  483. 
Grades  of  Rank,  9,  12. 

Commands  appropriate  to,  14. 
Graduating  Leave  of  Absence,  528. 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic: 

Badge,  1760. 
Grant,  General,  National  Parle: 

Removal  of  intruders,  564. 
Grantors  of  Allotments,  1531,  1532-1634.  1538-1642, 

1544. 
Gratuitous  Issues: 

Clothing,  1319,  1636. 

Subsistence,  1405. 
Grazing  Public  Animals,  1155 
Guaranties,  611,  612,  642. 
Guard: 

Commander   of,   duty   to    receive    prisoners, 
A.  W.  67. 

Duty,  manual  of,  to  prevail,  618. 

Report,  A.  W.  68, 


440 


INDEX. 


Guard  Duty  as  Punishment: 

Forbidden,  1040. 
Guardhouse: 

Fuel,  1110. 

Lights,  1116-1128,  1135. 
Guardian: 

Consent  to  enlistment,  927. 
Guards: 

Articles  for  use  of,  519-521. 

Manual,  518. 
Guidons: 

Cavalry,  246. 

Field  artillery,  247. 
Guns  (see  Fortifications): 

Artillery  officers,  375-380. 

Assembling,  379. 

Department  commanders,  381. 

Electric  appliances,  382. 

Engineer  officers,  375-380. 

Motors,  353. 

Mounting,  375-386. 

Ordnance  officers,  379-381,  383,  384. 
Gymnastic  Apparatus,  etc. : 

Transportation  for,  1255. 
Habeas  Corpus: 

Issue,  1073-1075. 

Production  of  body,  1073-1075 

Return — 
Contents,  1073-1075. 
State  court,  1073,  1074. 
United  States  court,  1073-1075. 
Habitual  Intemperance,  86. 
Hand  Litters,  1613. 
Hatchet  Handles,  1323. 
Heads  of  Departments: 

Assignment  of  officers,  822,  823. 

Boards,  824. 

Civilian  employees,  808-820. 

Control  of  depots,  208. 

Correspondence,  841,  852-855. 

Efficiency  reports,  900-905. 

Property,  739,  807. 

Purchases,  593-657. 

Staff  administration,  821-832. 
Health,  Public: 

Enforcement  of  laws,  564. 
Heating  Stoves,  1110,  1114. 
Helves,  Axe: 

Dropped,  1323. 
Hygiene  of  Posts,  1571. 
Higher  Grade: 

Pay,  1448, 1463. 
Hiring  Duty,  A.  W.  36. 

Connivance  at,  A.  W.  37. 
Hiring  Quarters,  1092, 1093. 
Honorable  Discharge,  151, 167. 
Honors: 

Ambassadors,  450. 

Assistant  Secretary  of  War,  450. 

Brigadier-general,  449. 

Cabinet  officers,  450. 

Chief  Justice,  450. 

Colors,  451. 

Commanding  officer,  458. 

Envoys,  450. 

Funeral,  489-509. 

General  of  Army,  449. 


Honors— Continued. 

Lieutenant-General,  449. 

Marine  officers,  464. 

Major-general  commanding,  449 

Marches,  452. 

Ministers,  450. 

Militia,  464. 

National  color,  451. 

Not  paid  on  march,  452. 

Officers  of  Navy,  450,  464. 

President,  449. 

President  of  Senate,  450. 

Regimental  color,  451. 

Speaker  of  House  of  Representatives,  450. 

Vice-President,  450. 

Volunteers,  464. 
Horses : 

Indian  scouts,  558. 

Forage  ration,  1154-1162. 

Private,  1178-1182. 

Public,  1141-1150. 

Shoeing,  1181. 

Use,  1179-1180. 

Veterinarians,  200-204. 

Veterinary  medicines,  1151-1153. 
Horseshoeing: 

Animals,  1181. 

Materials,  1181. 

Nails,  1181. 

Shoes,  1181. 
Tools,  1181, 
Hospital  Boots,  1622. 

Corps,  1590-1620. 

Flags,  238. 

Matrons,  1630. 

Property,  use  of,  1637. 

Railway  trains,  1622. 

Rations,  1391-1407. 

Savings,  1407-1409. 

Stewards,  1591-1598. 

Transports,  1622. 
Hospital  Corps: 

Accounts,  1603. 

Acting  hospital  stewards,  1595,  1596. 

Arms,  1620. 

Assignment,  1605-1607. 

Clothing  accounts,  1603. 

Duties,  1590,  1601,  1610-1620. 

Enlistment,  1597,  1598. 

Equipment,  1604. 

Field  service,  1616-1620. 

Garrison  service,  1610-1615. 

Hospital  stewards,  1591-1595. 

Instruction,  1608.  1609 

Married  men,  1600. 

Precedence,  6. 

Recruits,  1597. 

Reenlistments,  1597. 

Service- 
Garrison,  1610-1615. 
Field,  1616-1620. 

Transfers  in,  1602. 

transfers  to,  1599. 
Hospitals: 

Admissions,  1632,  1639. 

Buildings,  1644-1650. 

Flags,  238. 


INDEX. 


441 


Hospitals— Continued. 

General,  1621-1627. 

Fort  Bayard,  N.  Mex.,  1627. 

Hot  Springs,  1623-1626. 

Service  of,  1628-1643. 

Veterinary,  204. 
Ho8pltaI  Stewards: 

Appointment,  1591, 1596. 

Assignment,  1605. 

Discharge,  1594. 

Enlistment,  1590, 1597. 

Examination,  1591. 

Qualifications,  1591. 

Rank,  6. 

Reduction,  1593. 

Reenlistment,  1592. 

Reports,  1593. 

Service,  1591. 
Hot  Spring's: 

General  hospital,  1623-1626. 
Hours  for  Meals,  444. 
House  of  Representatives: 

Committees  of,  honors,  450. 

Speaker  of,  honors,  468. 
Huck  Towels: 

Issues,  1403. 
Hunting: 

Ammunition  for,  422. 

Passes,  69,  70. 

Reports,  69. 
Hunt: 

Permission  to,  68,  69. 
Identification  for  Payment: 

Enlisted  men,  1559. 

Payees,  727. 
Illuminating  Supplies: 

Amusement  rooms,  1119. 

Burners,  1117-1121. 

Chapels,  1118. 

Companies,  1119. 

Electric  light,  1129-1135. 

Exterior  illumination,  1120. 

Guardhouses,  1118. 

Hours  of  illumination,  1123. 

Issues,  1116-1128, 1129-1135. 

Lamps,  1117. 

Lanterns,  1121. 

Mineral  oil,  1122,  1124,  1128. 

Noncommissioned  officers,  1117. 

Oil,  1122,  1124,  1128. 

Reading  rooms,  1128,  1129. 

Requisitions,  1127. 

Sales,  1125,  1126,  1130-1132. 
Inclosures  to  Letters,  845. 
Increase  of  Fuel  Allowance,  1115. 
Indian  Country,  551. 

Ammunition,  554. 

Arms,  554. 

Intruders,  552. 

Liquor,  550. 

Seizures  in,  550. 
Indians: 

Animals,  ownership,  553. 

Country,  551. 

Issues  to,  555, 556. 

Liquor,  550. 


Indians — Continued. 

Prisoners  of  war,  556. 

Protection  of,  560. 

Purchases  from,  557. 

Scouts,  558-562. 
Indian  Scouts: 

Allowances,  558. 

Enlistment,  558,  561,  562. 

Noncommissioned  oflBcers,  559,  560. 

Pay,  558. 

Restriction  on  pay,  658. 
Individual  Service: 

Reports,  899.  -     - 

Indorsements,  844. 
Infantry: 

Bands,  274-279. 

Colors,  238,  242,  245,  249-252. 

Duties  by  roster,  423-432. 

Precedence,  6. 

Regimental  staff,  260-269. 

Regiment,  253-279. 
Infantry  and  Cavalry  School,  538,  539. 
Inferior  Courts: 

Approval  of  sentence,  A.  W.  112. 

Composition,  50-52. 

Jurisdiction,  80-83. 

Sentences,  A.  W.  112. 
Inferiors: 

Duty  of  obedience,  1. 
Information  Regarding  Records,  894. 
Inks: 

Colored,  not  to  be  used,  892. 
Inkstands,  1137. 
Inquiry: 

Courts  of,  A.  W.  115-121. 
Insane: 

Asylum  for,  544-549. 

Care  of,  544-549. 
Insane  Person: 

Enlistment,  A.  W.  3. 
Inspection  Reports,  962,  966,  972,  975,  979-990. 
Inspections: 

Accounts,  971,  977,  978. 

Arsenals,  968. 

Artillery  corps,  400,  401. 

Bakers,  339. 

Camps,  907,  974,  975. 

Chaplains,  51. 

Companies,  296,  400,  401. 

Department  commanders,  211. 

Depots,  908. 

Disbursements,  971,  977,  978. 

Extracts  from  reports,  962. 

Fortifications,  400,  401. 

Frauds,  963. 

Garrisons,  967,  974,  975. 

Medical,  of  recruits,  939-947 

Methods  of,  962,  974,  975. 

Military  Academy,  969. 

Musters,  514. 

National  cemeteries,  967. 

National  Home,  964,  965. 

Oaths,  903. 

Ordnance,  1726-1728. 

Posts,  967,  974,  975. 

Property,  979-990. 

Recruits,  939-947. 


442 


INDEX. 


Inspections— Continued. 

Regimental,  250. 

Reports  of,  9G2,  9G6,  972,  975,  979-990. 

Scope,  956. 

Soldiers'  Home,  966. 

Sphere  of  inquiry,  956. 

Troops,  967,  974,  975,  976. 

Qngarrisoned  posts,  967. 
Inspector-General's  Department: 

Accounts,  971,  "977,  978. 

Articles  for  sales,  964. 

Assignments,  822,  823,  957. 

Civilian  employees,  808-820. 

Condemnation  of  property,  979-990. 

.Correspondence,  959. 

Disbursements,  971,  977,  978. 

Duties,  956-973. 

Efficiency  reports,  900-905. 

Expert  accountant,  travel,  818. 

Inspections,  966-973. 

Methods  of  inspection  974-990. 

National  Home,  965. 

Oaths,  963. 

Property,  979-990. 

Reports,  962,  966,  972,  975,  979-990. 

Soldiers'  Home,  960. 

Sphere  of  inquiry,  956. 

Troops,  974-976. 
Inspector  of  Artillery,  409. 
Inspectors: 

Assignments,  957. 

Correspondence.  959. 

Designation  of  articles  for  sales,  964. 

Disbursing  officers,  971,  977,  978. 

Duties,  956-990. 

Giving  orders,  961. 

Inspections,  9f)4-990. 

Methods  of  inspection,  962,  974-976, 

Money  accovmts,  971,  977-978. 

Orders,  960-961. 

Property  for  condemnation,.  979-990. 

Reports  of,  957,  961,  962,  972. 

Sphere  of  inquiry,  956,  975,  977,  978. 

Special  duties,  964-973. 
Instruction : 

Company,  281-285. 

Post,  218. 

Regimental,  256,  257. 
Insurance: 

Public  money  or  property,  675. 
Insurrection : 

Suppression  of,  564. 
Interchange  of  Visits,  482. 
Interest  on  Deposits,  1552. 
Interior  Economy  of  Companies: 

Accouterments,  298,  301,  307.  309. 

Arms,  298,  300. 

Bathing,  299. 

Benches,  300.  * 

Blanket  bags,  309. 

Bunks,  298, 

Cooking,  310-316. 

Equipments,  298,  301,  307-309. 

Floors,  300. 

Horse  equipments,  307. 

Inspections,  296. 

Marking,  309. 


Interior  Economy  of  Companies — Continues 

Messing,  310-316. 

Numbering,  297. 

Police,  299,  300. 

Property,  304,  309. 

Quartering,  297. 

Sabers,  298. 

Squads,  297. 

Tables,  300. 

Uniform,  302,  303. 
Interlineations: 

Bills  of  lading.  1262. 
Interments: 

Battle-ground  cemeteries,  570, 571. 

National  cemeteries,  post  cemeteries,  572-576. 

Officers,  99. 

Soldiers,  180. 
Intoxicated  Persons: 

Enlistment,  A.  W.  3. 
Intoxicating  Liquor: 

Introduction  into  Indian  country,  550. 

Sale  of,  in  exchanges  forbidden,  365. 
Inventors: 

Presence  at  tests,  1739,  1740. 
Invoices  of  Funds,  720,  721 
Irons: 

Use  of,  in  confinement,  1010. 
Issues: 

Clothing,  1300-1310. 

Equipage,  1295,  1323-1330. 

Illuminating  supplies,  1116-1135. 

Forage,  1154-1162. 

Fuel,  1101-1115. 

Ordnance,  1695-1712. 

Rations,  1389-1402. 

Stationery,  1136-1140. 

Subsistence,  1357-1360, 1377-1402. 

Supervision  of,  755. 
Job  Printing: 

Approval,  588,  589,  591. 

Contracts  for,  588,  591. 

Letter  heads,  590. 

Note  heads,  590. 

Philippine  Islands,  589,  591. 

Restrictions  on,  58»-692. 

Secretary  of  War,  supervision  by,  589,  591. 

vouchers,  588,  591. 
Journals  of  Marclies,  522-526. 
J  udge- Advocate-Oeneral : 

Duties,  853,  991. 

Opinions,  853. 
J  udge- Advocate-General's  Department: 

Boards,  824. 

Changes  of  station,  822,  823. 

Command  of  officers,  17. 

Copies  of  records,  995,  A.  W.  14. 

Correspondence,  995,  996. 

Duties,  991,  997. 

Inventories,  994. 

Manual  for  courts-martial,  1039. 

Oaths,  22. 

Records,  993-997. 

Reports  by,  997. 

Reports  to,  996. 
J  udge- Advocates: 

Appointment,  A.  W.  74. 

Counsel  for  prisoner,  A.  W.  90. 


^NDEX. 


44B 


Judge-Advocaites— Continued- 
Duties,  A.  W.  84,  90. 

Oath,  A.  W.  85. 
Keys: 

Storerooms,  75C. 
Killed: 

Lists  of,  887,  888. 

Reports,  887,  888. 
Kitchens,  311. 
Laborers : 

Extra-duty  pay,  183. 
Lake  Defenses,  3G6-406. 

See  Fortifications. 
Lamp  Chimneys,  1116-1128, 1136. 
Lamps,  lllG-1128,  1135. 
Lamp  Wicks,  lllG-1128,  1135. 
Lance  Corporals,  287. 

Appointment,  287. 

Reduction,  287. 

Form  of  office,  287. 
Land -errant  Railroads: 

Accounts,  1284,  1285. 

Bills  ot  lading,  1270,  1284,  1285. 

Mileage,  1472. 

Settlements,  writ,  1284,  1285. 

Transportation  requests,  1216. 
Lands: 

Acquisition,  785, 

Cession,  785. 

Deeds,  786. 

Papers  relating  to,  786,  789. 

Places,  786,  739. 

Title  papers,  786. 
Lands,  Public: 

Ejection  of  trespassers,  564. 
Lanterns,  1116-1128,  1135. 
Larceny: 

Time  of  war,  A.  W.  58. 
Laundry  Work: 

Recruits,  1316. 
Law: 

Employment  of  force  in  support  of,  563-568. 
Laivs: 

Enforcement  of,  563-568. 
Lead  Pencils: 

Allowance,  1137. 
Leaves  of  Absence: 

Applications  for,  57-62. 

Authority  to  grant,  54-56,  58,59,69,70. 

Before  resignation,  91. 

Changes  of  station,  1493. 

Commencement,  64. 

Commutation  of  quarters,  during,  1491. 

Delays,  79. 

Duration,  64. 

Extensions,  54,  56,  58,  71. 

Graduated  cadets,  59. 

Pay  during,  1464-147L 

Permissions  to  hunt,  69,  70. 

Power  to  grant,  54-56, 68,69, 69,  70. 

Reports  on,  68. 

Restrictions  on,  60,  61,  65. 

Return  from,  64. 

Sick  leaves,  72-76. 

Travel  allowances,  1480, 1481. 

StafT  officers,  58. 


Le^al  Representatives; 

Deceased  officers,  94-96,  A.  W.  125. 
Deceased  soldiers,  176, 178, 179. 
Legrgrln!^^  I3ii. 
Lei^lon,  Loyal: 

Badge,  1760. 
Legislation : 

Attempts  to  influence,  5. 
Letters  (see  Correspondence),  837-S5d. 

Address,  840,  842,  848,  854. 

Brief,  843. 

Contents,  837,838.  _ 

Folding,  839. 

Heading,  841. 

In closures,  845. 

Indorsements,  844. 

Signatures,  841. 

Station  of  writer,  840. 

Tone,  854,  855. 

Trivial,  854. 
Libraries  (see  Post  Libraries),  Mi-Wi. 

Lights,  1118,  1129. 

Transportation  for,  1255. 
Lieutenant-colonel : 

Baggage,  1241-1245. 

(Command,  14. 

Forage,  1157. 

Fuel,  1110. 

Horses,  1182. 

Quarters,  1110. 

Rank,  9-12. 

Rooms,  1110. 

Stores,  1110. 
Lieutenant-commander,  Navy: 

Relative  rank,  12. 
Lleutenant-dleneral : 

Aids,  40. 

Baggage,  1241-1245. 

Command. 

Escorts,  488. 

Forage. 

Funeral  honors,  491,  499. 

Fuel,  1110. 

Honors  to,  449. 

Horses,  1182. 

Leaves  of  absence  hy,  56. 

Military  secretary,  40. 

Quarters,  1110. 

Rank,  9. 

Relative  rank,  12. 

Salutes,  471. 

Visits,  481. 
Lieutenant,  Junior  Grade,  Navys 

Relative  rank,  12. 
Lieutenant,  Navy: 

Relative  rank,  12. 
Lieutenants: 

Aids,  40. 

Baggage,  1241-1245. 

Command,  14. 

Fuel,  1110. 

Forage. 

Horses,  1182. 

Quarters,  1110. 

Rank,  9,  12. 

Rooms,  1110. 

Stores,  1110. 


444 


iin)t:x. 


Lightiner  of  Buildings,  lllG-1135. 
Lights: 

Allowance  of,  1116-1135. 
Limitations: 

Desertion,  A.  W.  103. 

Statute  of,  A.W.,  103. 
Lineal  Rank,  9, 12.  ' 

Line: 

Promotions  in,  24. 
Liquid  Coffee,  1388.     , 
Lists: 

Casualties,  887,  888. 
Litters: 

Hand,  1613. 

Mule,  1614. 
Loans: 

Ordnance,  1707. 

Property,  754,  759. 
Loclters,  1085. 
Longevity  Pay,  1461. 
Lost  Property : 

Claims  for,  807. 
Lot: 

To  determine  rank,  11. 
Loyal  Legion : 

Badge,  1760. 
Lying  out  of  (Quarters,  A.  W.  31. 
Magazines,  395-398. 
Mail  Contractors: 

Assistance,  225. 
Major: 

Baggage  allowance,  1241-1245. 

Command,  14,  259,  260. 

Deceased  officers,  A.  W.  125, 

Forage. 

Fuel,  1110. 

Horses,  1182. 

Precedence,  10, 11. 

Quarters,  1110. 

Rank,  6,  12. 

Rooms,  1110. 

Stores,  1110. 
Major- General: 

Baggage  allowance,  1241-1245. 

Command,  14. 

Escorts,  458. 

Forage. 

Fuel,  1110. 

Funeral  honors,  491,  499. 

Honors,  449. 

Horses,  1182. 

Quarters,  1110. 

Rank,  9,  12. 

Rooms,  1110. 

Salutes,  471. 

Stores,  1110. 

Visits,  481. 
Manslaughter: 

In  time  of  war,  A.  W.  58. 
Manuals: 

Army  Cooks,  313. 

Courts-martial,  1039. 

Guard  duty,  518. 

Coast  artillery,  371,  412. 

Heavy  artillery,  371. 

Small  arms  practice,  416. 


Maps: 

School  of  officers  for,  522. 

Field  notes,  522,  526. 

Journals  of  march,  523. 

Marches,  522-526. 

Reconnaissances,  522-526. 
March: 

Order  on,  A.  W.  54. 
Marches, ,  522-526. 

Behavior  on,  A.  W.  55. 
Marine  Corps: 

Battle  reports,  885,  886. 

Courts-martial,  A.  W.  78. 

Deserters  from,  145. 

Precedence,  6. 

Relative  rank,  10,  11. 

Subsistence,  issues  of,  1379. 
Marine  Officers: 

Courts-martial,  A.  W.  78. 

Funeral  honors,  491,  499. 

Honors  to,  450. 

Precedence,  6. 

Rank,  6,  12. 

Salutes,  475. 

Visits,  482-487. 
Marines: 

Deserters  from,  145. 

Subsistence,  issues,  1379. 
Marking  of  Property: 

Animals,  1145. 

Company,  309. 

Regimental,  270. 
Married  Men: 

Enlistment  of,  1600. 
Matches: 

Issues,  1403. 
Matrons: 

Hospital,  1630. 

Assignment,  1630. 

Rations,  1379. 
Mattresses,  1087. 
Maximum  Punishments,  1038. 
Mayhem : 

In  time  of  war,  A.  W.  58. 
Meal  Hours,  444. 
Meals: 

Time  allowed,  444. 
Measuring: 

Hay  and  wood,  1172,  1174-1177. 
Mechanics,  290,292. 

Extra-duty  pay,  183. 
Medals  of  Honor,  195. 

Applications,  195. 

Awards,  195. 

Character  of  service,  195. 

Conditions  of  award,  195. 

Service,  195. 
Medical  Attendance: 

Accounts  for,  1656-1665. 

Charges,  1665. 

Compensation  ^or,  1662-1665. 

Enlisted  men,  1653,  1655. 

Families,  1653. 

Hospital  treatment,  1660. 

Medicines,  1657-1658. 

Nurses,  1661. 


INDEX. 


445 


Medical  Attendance— Continued. 

Officers,  1653-1665, 

Payments,  1659-1665. 

Retired  enlisted  men,  1654. 

Retired  officers,  1654. 
Medical  Department: 

Advertising,  578-587. 

Appointments,  1572,  1573. 

Army  Medical  School,  542, 543. 

Army  transports,  1196. 

Artificial  limbs,  1672-1676. 

Attendance,  1653-1665. 

Boards,  824. 

Bonds,  650-657. 

Casualty  lists,  887,  888. 

Changes  of  station,  822,  823,      ' 

Chief  surgeons,  1671. 

Civilian  employees,  50^-520. 

Command  of  officers,  17, 18. 

Contract  surgeons,  1574,  1577, 

Dental  surgeons,  1574-1589. 

Duties,  821,  1571. 

Examining  boards,  28. 

Female  nurses,  rations,  1378. 

Fort  Bayard,  general  hospital,  1627, 

General  hospitals,  1621-1627. 

Geneva  flag,  238. 

Hospital  Corps,  1590,  1620. 
ration,  1391-1407. 

Inspections,  1671. 
of  recruits,  939-947. 

Lists  of  casualties,  887,  888. 

Matrons,  1379. 

Medical  attendance,  1653-1665, 
Supplies,  1666-1669. 

Money  accounts,  658-738. 

Nurses,  1378. 

Post  surgeons,  1571. 

Property  accounts,  739-807. 

Purchases,  593-657. 

Recruits,  medical  inspections,  939-947. 

Reports,  1670. 

Savings,  hospital,  1401-1409. 

Service  of  hospjtals,  1628-1643. 

Visits  of  inspection,  1671. 
Medical  Inspection  of  Recruits: 

At  posts,  946. 

Before  departure,  944. 

By  whom  made,  940. 

Character,  940,  943. 

Conduct  of,  939,  943. 

Inspection,  941-943. 

Medical  examination  at  post,  940. 

Record  of,  939, 943, 945, 947. 

Recruiting  officer  present,  940, 

Register  of,  947, 

Vaccination,  942. 

When  made,  941,  944,  945,  946. 
Medical  Museum: 

Transportation  for,  1253. 
Medical  Scliool,  542,543. 
Medical  Supplies: 

Purchases,  1666-1669. 
Medicines: 

Accounts  for,  1657,  1658. 

Damaged,  1669. 

Disinfectants,  1668. 


Medicines — Continued. 

Issues,  1667, 

Metric  system,  1667. 

Purchases,  1660. 

Receipts,  1667. 

Veterinary,  1151-1153. 
Members  of  Courts : 

Disorderly  conduct,  1021, 

Duty,  1019, 

Rank,  1018. 
Memorandum  Receipts,  1166-1169, 
Memorial  Day: 

Observance  of,  516. 
Merit: 

Ce^rtificates  of,  196-199. 
Messages: 

Precedence,  1744-1746. 
Mess  Call,  444. 

Councils,  317-323. 

Rooms,  1099. 
Messengers,  809. 
Messenger  Service: 

Street-car  tickets,  1231. 
Mess  funds,  318, 331-334. 

Council,  317-323. 

Custodian,  318. 

Deposits,  318. 

Expenditures,  331-334. 

Outfits,  1087. 

Purchases,  324, 325. 

Restrictions  on  use,  324-326. 

Rooms,  1099. 
Mess  Furniture,  315,316. 
Messing: 

Fare,  312. 

Field  kit,  316. 

Company  messes,  310. 

General  messes,  310. 

Kitchens,  311. 

Manual  for  Army  Cooks,  313. 

Mess  furniture,  315, 316. 

Prisoners'  food,  314. 

Supervision,  310. 

Tableware,  315,  316. 
Metliods  of  Purchase,  627-644,645-647. 

Coptract,  627-637. 

Oral  agreement,  627,  645-647. 

Written  contracts,  627-644. 
Metric  System: 

Use  of,  1667, 
Mexican  War: 

Badges  of  societies,  1760. 
Mileage  (see  Travel  Alloioances) ,  1472-1458. 

Computation,  1472. 

Orders  contemplating,  78-84, 

Payment,  1476. 

Rates,  1472. 
Military  Academy,  527-529. 

Absence,  leaves  to  graduates,  528. 

Appointments  of  former  cadets,  529. 

Graduating  leave,  528. 

Inspections,  969. 

Leaves  of  absence,  528. 

Payments  to  cadets,  1501. 

Regulations  for,  527. 

Service  at,  529. 

Tranportation  for,  1*263. 


-!'46 


INDEX. 


Military  Attaches: 

Allcwances,  41. 

Baggage,  1224,  1242,  1244, 

Transportation,  1224,  1242,  1244. 
Military  Courts  and  Boards: 

Stationery  for,  1140. 
Military  Departments,  207-215. 

See  Territorial  Departments. 
Military  Establishment: 

Commanding  general,  205. 
Military  Commands,  957,  974-976. 
Military  Correspondence,  837-855. 
Military  Discipline: 

Conduct  prejudicial  to,  A.  W.  62. 
Military  Force: 

Applications  for. 

Civil  rights,  564. 

Command  of  troops,  567. 

Employment  of,  563-568. 

Employment  of  force,  567. 

Execution  of  laws,  564. 

Extradition,  5G4. 

Guano  islands,  564. 

Health,  public,  564. 

Insurrection,  564. 

Interstate  commerce;  564. 

Lands,  public,  564. 

National  parks,  564. 

Protection  of  Indians,  564. 

Republican  form  of  government,  564. 

Requests  for,  566. 

Restrictions  on  use  of,  563,  565. 

Sequoia  Park,  564. 

Trade  and  commerce,  564. 

Use  of,  567,  568. 

Yosemite  Park,  564. 
Military  Funerals,  489-509. 
Military  Prisoners: 

Clothing,  1317,  1318. 
Military  Bar. It: 
.    Definition,  7. 
Military  Secretary,  40, 
Military  Service  Institution: 

Transportation  for,  1253. 
Military  Societies: 

Badges,  1760. 
Military  Telegraph  Lines,  1744-1746, 1748. 
Military  Posts: 

Buildings,  223,  224,  787,  788. 

Camps,  217. 

Care  of,  229. 

Commanders,  duties,  218-227,  229. 

Construction,  787. 

Designations,  216,  217. 

Embellishment,  229. 

Establishment,  216. 

Evacuated,  230. 

Evening  gun,  226. 

Expenditures,  222,  223,  224,  229. 

Forts,  217. 

Hospitals,  219. 

Inspections,  219. 

Mail  contractors,  225. 

Morning  gun,  226. 

Names,  216. 

Observance  of  the  Sabbath,  220. 

Plans,  789. 


Military  Posts — Continued. 

Records,  227. 

Repairs,  224,  788. 

Restriction  on  expenditures,  224,  787,  788. 

Staff,  221. 
Militia: 

Honors  to,  463. 

Precedence,  6. 

Rank,  10, 11,  A.  W.  124. 

Salutes,  475. 

Service  in,  of  civilian  candidate,  34. 

Subject  to  articles  of  war,  A.  W.  64, 
Militia  Officers: 

Honors  to,  450. 
Mine  Fields,  369,  370. 
Mines,  369, 370. 
Mineral  Oil: 

Allowances,  1116-1128,  1136. 

Flash  point,  1122. 

Issues,  1127. 

Sales,  1125. 1126. 

Savings,  not  allowed,  1128. 

Standard,  1122. 
Minor  under  16: 

Enlistment,  A.  W.  Sy 
Minors : 

Enlistment  of,  921-923,  927,  A.  W.  8. 
Misappropriation,  A.  W.  60. 
Misbehavior  before  Enemy,  A.  W.  42. 
Mitigation,  1017,  A.  W.  112. 
Mittens: 

Canvas,  1313. 
Mobs: 

Employment  of  force  against,  568. 
Money  Accountability: 

Accounts  current,  708-712. 

Administrative  examination,  737,  738: 

Certificates  of  deposit,  690-695. 

Checks,  678-689. 

Computation  of  time,  733. 

Inspection,  971.  977,  978. 

Money  vouchers,  713-734. 

Pecuniary  responsibility  of  officers,  735,  736. 

Proceeds  of  sales,  696-698. 

Public  moneys,  658-675. 

Transfers  of  funds,  676-686. 

Vouchers,  713. 
Money  Accounts : 

Administration  examination,  737,  738. 

Commutation  of  rations,  1410-1425. 

Savingsof  rations,  1407-1409. 
Moneys.     (See  Public  Moneys)  : 

Embezzlement,  A.  W.  60. 
Money  Vouchers,  713-734. 

See  Vouchers. 
Monthly  Beturns: 

Troops,  876-877. 
Morning  Gun,  226. 
Morning  Beports,  448. 
Mortars : 

Mounting,  etc.,  375-381. 
Mounted  Pay,  1450-1452. 
Mugs: 

Shaving,  1404. 
Mule  Litters,  1614. 
Mules,  1141-1150. 

See  PvJblic  Animals. 


INDEX. 


447 


Mulo  Shoes,  1181. 
Murder: 

In  time  of  war,  ,i.  W.  58. 
Music  Pouches,  1312. 
Mustering  Officer: 

Gratifications  to,  A.  W.  6. 
Muster  Rolls: 

Artillery  corps,  367. 

Corrections  on,  875. 

Designation  of  companies  on,  874. 

Disposition,  872. 

Entries,  872,  873. 

Pay  rolls,  872,  873. 

Preparation,  872. 

Signatures,  872. 
Musters,  513,  514. 

Certificates  of,  A.  W.  12. 

False,  A.  W.  5,  A.  W.  14. 

Gratifications,  etc.,  for,  A.  W.  6. 
Mutiny: 

Beginning,  causes,  etc.,  A.  W.  22. 

Repression,  A.  W.  23, 
Names  of  Battles  on  Colors,  250. 
National  Airs,  279. 
National  Cemeteries,  569. 

Inspection,  967. 

Supervision,  569. 
National  Flag: 

Description. 

Dipping,  480. 

Funerals,  494-498. 

Draping,  508. 

Honors  to,  451,  465,  476-478,  480,  512,  515. 

Mourning,  508. 

Salutes  to,  451,  465,  476-478,  480. 
National  Holidays: 

Ceremonies,  517. 
National  Guard: 

Service  in,  of  civilian  candidate,  34. 
National  Home,  Disabled  Volunteer  Soldiers: 

Inspection,  965,  966. 
National  Museum: 

Transportation  for,  1252. 
Naval  Officers: 

Escorts,  488. 

Funeral  honors,  493. 

Honors  to,  450. 

Salutes,  475. 

Visits,  482-487. 
Navy : 

Deserters  from,  145. 

Relative  ranlc  of  officers  of,  12. 

Seamen,  rations  to,  1379. 
Navy  Department: 

Transportation  for,  1252. 
Needles,  1404. 
Neutrality: 

Enforcement  of,  564. 
Newspaper  Advertising,  578-587. 

Lists  of  papers,  578,  579. 
Newspapers  for  Libraries,  341. 
Noncomniissiuned  Officers : 

Allowances,  1110, 1111, 113(i,  1224,  1232, 1242, 1378- 
1402,  1410-1425. 

Appointment,  286-288,  290. 

Baggage,  1232,  1242. 

Commutation  of  rations,  1410-1425. 


Noncommissioned  Officers — Continued . 

Certificates  of  appointment,  268,  289. 

Corporals,  286-291. 

Details — 
For  duty,  427-432. 
On  extra  duty,  183-186. 

Duties  performed  by  roster,  425-432. 

Extra  duty,  183-185. 

First  sergeants,  288. 

Fuel,  1110. 

Indian  scouts,  659. 

Instruction,  285. 

Lance  corporals,  287.  _^ 

Quarters,  1110. 

Reduction  to  ranks,  291. 

Reproof,  285. 

Rooms,  1110. 

Selection,  285-288. 

Sergeants,  286-291. 

Support,  285. 

Warrants,  268,  289. 
Noncommissioned  Staff: 

Artillery  corps,  367. 

Battalion,  268. 

Post,  100-114. 

Regimental,  268-269. 

Squadron,  268. 
Noteboolts: 

Marches,  522-626. 
Notes : 

Marches,  522-626. 
Notification: 

Discharge,  166. 
Nurses : 

Commutation  of  rations,  1410. 

Employment  of,  1661. 

Rations,  1378. 

Sales,  1426. 
Oak  wood: 

Fuel  standard,  1106. 
Oath: 

Courts  of  inquiry,  A.  W.  117. 

Judge-advocate,  A.  W.  85. 

Member  of  court,  A.  W.  84. 

Office,  22. 

Witness,  796;  A.W.  92. 
Oaths: 

Administration,  796,  963. 

Boards  of  survey,  795,  796. 

Inspectors,  963. 

Profane,  A.W.  53. 

Witnesses,  796;  A.  W.  92. 
Obedience  to  Orders,  1. 
Occasions  of  Ceremony : 

Precedence,  6. 
Office: 

Oaths  of,  22. 
Officers: 

See  Commissioned  Officers. 
Offices: 

Corn  brooms,  1329,  1372. 

Furniture,  1136,  1137. 

Stationery,  1136,  1137. 
Official  Check  Books,  687-689. 
j  Official  Letters: 

See  Correspondence,  837-855. 
I  Official  Tables  of  Distances,  1472, 1475. 


448 


INDEX. 


Oil: 

Mineral,  1116-1128,  1135. 
Offering  Violence  to  Superior,  A.  W.  21. 
Oral  Agreements,  627,  645-647. 
Orders,  856-871. 

Address,  861. 

Affecting  staff  officers,  871. 

Caption,  860. 

Channels,  206,  865. 

Classification,  856. 

Contents,  860.  ^ 

Conveyance,  862,  863. 

Copies  to  Adjutant-General,  869-871. 

Directing  travel,  77-84,  1477-1481. 

Disobedience,  A.  W.  21. 

Distribution,  866-868. 

Execution,  861. 

Form,  856-860. 

Furnishing  to  Adjutant-General,  869,  870. 

General,  856,  857,  859. 

Inspectors,  966. 

Obedience  to,  1. 

Printed,  866. 

Publication,  868. 

Special,  856-858. 

Travel  allowances,  77-84,  864,  1477-1481, 
Orders  of  Superior: 

Expenditures  of — 
Money,  737. 
Property,  777-778. 
Ordinary  Leaves  of  Absence,  54-71. 

Change  to  sick  leave,  76. 
Ordnance  Department,  1694-1740. 

Accountability,  1694,  1734. 

Advertising,  578-587. 

Ammunition,  417,  418,  422,  1713-1716. 

Blank  forms,  1736. 

Boards,  824. 

Changes  of  station,  822,  823. 

Civilian  employees,  808-820. 

Clothing  for  enlisted  men,  1294,  1300. 

Depots,  1698-1700. 

Duties,  1694. 

Expenditures  of  ammunition,  1713-1716. 

Experimental  trials,  1738-1740. 

Fortifications,  379-381,  383,  384,  392. 

Inspection  of  supplies,  1726-1728. 

Inspections,  968,  971,  974-976. 

Issues,  47,379-381,  383,  384,  392,  1695-1712. 

Money  accountability,  658-738. 

Packing,  1729-1733. 

Purchases,  593-657. 

Records,  1735. 

Reports,  1734. 

Requisitions,  1700,  1701,  1736. 

Returns,  1694. 

Sales,  1704-1706,  1711. 

Surplus  stores,  1717-1725. 

Tests,  1738-1740. 

Transportation,  1729-1733. 
Ordnance  Depots,  1698-1700. 
Ordnance  Estaljlislinients: 

Inspections,  968,  971,  974-976. 

Visits,  1740. 
Ordnance  Sergeants: 

Appointment,  100-103. 

Duties,  107-109. 


Ordnance  Sergeants — Continued. 

Examination,  103-105. 

Qualifications,  100-105. 

Rank,  9. 

Selection,  100-103. 

Stations,  106, 107. 
Ordnance  Stores: 

Ammunition,  1713-1716. 

Arm  chests,  1725. 

Canteens,  1719,  1720. 

Care,  1737. 

Charges,  1712,  1724. 

Civilians,  1711. 

Civilian  employees,  1710,  1712. 

Colleges,  issues  to,  47. 

Damaged  stores,  1718-1721,  1723. 

Definition,  1695. 

Depots,  1698-1700. 

Fortifications,  379-381,  383,  384. 

Indians,  1709. 

Inspection,  1726-1728. 

Issues,  1695-1703,  1708-1710. 

Loans,  1707. 

Loss,  1712. 

Packing,  1729-1733. 

Preservation,  1737. 

Price  lists,  1724. ' 

Repairs,  1721, 1722. 

Requisitions,  1700-1703. 

Returns,  1694,  1734. 

Sales,  1704-1706,  1711. 

Surplus  stores,  1717-1723. 

Transfers,  1695-1703,  1708-1710,  1717,  1718,  1728. 
Original  Bills  of  Lading,  1256,  1265,  1274-1279. 
Opinion  of  Court  of  Inquiry,  A.  W.  119. 
Outside  Illumination,  1120. 
Outstanding  Clieclts,  682-686. 
Overpayments,  1590,  1569. 
Paper: 

Stationery,  1136-1140. 

Toilet,  1403. 
Paper  Folders,  1137. 
Parade: 

Ceremony,  443,  445,  511. 

Failing  to  repair  to  place  of,  A.  W.  33. 
Pardon,  A.  W.  112. 
Parent: 

Consent  for  enlistment,  927. 
Parli: 

For  small-arms  practice,  421. 
Parlor  cars,  1232-1240. 
Partnerships : 

Contracts  of,  630. 
Passageways: 

Illumination,  1120. 
Passports,  67. 
Patriotic  airs,  279. 
Pay: 

Certificate  of  merit,  196-199. 

Extra  duty,  181-190. 

Indian  scouts,  558. 

Retired  enlisted  men,  149. 
Pay  Department: 

Allotments,  1531-1544. 

Boards,  824. 

Bonds,  650-657. 

Cadets,  1501. 


INDEX. 


449 


Pay  Department — Continued. 

Certificates  of  deposit,  693. 

Certificate  of  merit,  1646. 

Changes  of  station,  822, 823. 

Checks,  payments  by,  1503-1522. 

Chief  paymasters,  1443. 

Clerks,  818,820. 

Collections,  693,  1435-1437. 

Command,  17, 18. 

Commissioned  officers,  1445-1500. 

Commutation  of  quarters,  1489-1496. 

Computation  of  time,  1462. 

Contract  surgeons,  1459. 

Credit  sales,  1427,1431,1435-1437. 

Currency  payments,  1503-1522. 

Deductions,  1545. 

Deposits,  1547-1555. 

Deserters,  1556-1558. 

Discharged  soldiers,  1559-1566. 

Dismissed  officer,  1460. 

Duties,  1442-1444. 

Enlisted  men,  1502-1566. 

Extra  pay,  1448-1454. 

Foreign  service,  1449. 

Forfeitures,  1545. 

Higher  grade,  1448, 1463. 

Longevity,  1461. 

Mounted  pay,  1450-1452. 

Notification  of  discharge,  160. 

Overpayments,  1569. 

Payments,  1445-1569. 
Cadets,  1501. 

Commissioned  officers,  1445-1500. 
Enlisted  men,  1502-1569. 
Troops,  1502-1530. 

Pay  rolls,  872-875. 

Receipts,  1568, 1569. 

Reenlistment,  1528-1530. 

Resignation,  1456,1457. 

Retirement,  1458. 

Sea  travel,  pay  for,  1473,  1562. 

Soldiers'  Home,  1545. 

Staff  appointments,  1453, 1454. 

Stoppages,  1497-1500,1545,1568. 

Tables  of  distances,  1472, 1475. 

Time,  computation  of,  1462. 

Travel  allowaces,  1472-1488, 1559-1566. 
Psiyees: 

Identification  of,  727. 
Paymaster-General: 

Duties. 

Tables  of  distances,  1472,  1475. 
Paymasters'  Clerks: 

Changes  of  station,  820. 

Travel  allowances,  818. 
Payments: 

Absent  officers,  1464-1471. 

Actual  expenses,  1473. 

Allotments,  1531-1544. 

Bills  of  lading,  1266,  1267,  1273,  1279,  1281-1289. 

By  check  to  enlisted  men,  1502-1527. 

By  currency  to  enlisted  men,  1502-1527. 

Cadets,  1501. 

Checks,  1503-1522. 

Commissioned  officers,  1445-1500. 

Commutation  of  quarters,  1489-1496. 

Commutation  of  rations,  1410-1425. 


Payments — Continued. 

Currency,  1503-1522. 

Discharged  soldiers,  1559-1566. 

Enlisted  men,  1502-1566. 

Furloughed  enlisted  men,  124. 

Leave  of  absence,  1464-1471. 

Officers,  1445-1500. 

On  order  of  superior,  735. 

Posts,  1503-1522. 

Retired  enlisted  men,  149. 

Retired  officers,  1458. 

Savings  to  troops,  1407-1410. 

Telegrams,  1333-1341.  ^ 

Travel  allowances,  1472-1488. 

Troops,  1502-1530. 
Payments  to  Troops : 

Absence  of  company,  1521. 

Alaska,  1504. 

Certificates  of  merit,  1546. 

Check,  1503-1522. 

Company  commander,  1512. 

Correction  of  errors,  1507. 

Currency,  1503-1522. 

Death  of  soldier,  1520^ 

Declining  to  receive,  1522. 

Deductions,  1545. 

Deposits,  1523,  1547-1556. 

Desertion  of  soldier,  1520. 

Envelopes,  1503,  1509,  1510, 1513. 

Express,  1503,  1508,  1510-1512. 

Forfeitures,  1545. 

Frequency,  1502. 

How  made,  1502,  1503,  1524-1527. 

Monthly,  1502. 

Pay  rolls,  1505,  1507,  1513-1521. 

Philippine  Islands,  1504. 

Posts,  1503-1522. 

Stoppages,  1568. 

Witnessing,  1513-1515,  1519,  1520. 
Pay  Rolls,  872-875. 
Pay  Rolls,  Enlisi,ted  Men: 

Alterations,  875. 

Calculations,  1506. 

Computations,  1506. 

Corrections,  875. 

Deductions,  1545. 

Designation  of  companies,  874. 

Disposition,  872. 

Pantries,  872,  873. 

Forwarding,  1507. 

Payments,  1503-1522. 

Preparation,  872. 

Return,  1516. 

Signatures,  872,  1505. 
Pecuniary  Responsibility  of  Officers,  735.  736 

For  orders  to  purchase,  etc,  735. 

For  facts  certified  tO;  736 
Penalty  Envelopes: 

Contents,  905. 

Foreign  mail,  911. 

Sending  packages  in,  909. 

Use,  906-909. 
Penitentiary: 

Change  in  designation,  1041. 

Confinement  in,  1041,  1042;  A.  W.  97. 

Sentences  to,  1041,  1042. 

United  States,  1042. 


22778—03- 


-29 


450 


INDEX. 


Pension  Records,  1752-1755. 
Periodicals  for  Libraries,  341. 
Personal  Favor: 

Efforts  to  secure,  5. 
Personal  Reports,  68, 69, 74-76, 108, 112, 148,895-898, 
958,  1593,  1743. 

Absent  officers,  897. 

Aids,  892. 

Arrival  at  Washington,  895. 

Detached  officers,  898. 

Efficiency,  900-905. 

General  officers,  892. 

Individual  service,  599. 

Regular  officers,  897. 

Volunteer  officers,  897,  898. 
Personal  Salutes : 

See  Salutes,  449, 479. 
Personal  Services: 

Procurement  of,  596. 
Persuading  to  Desert,  A.  W,  51. 
Philippine  Islands : 

Payments  to  troops  in,  1504. 
Physical  Examination : 

Civil  appointees,  33,  35. 

Enlisted  men,  28. 

Officers  for, promotion,  23,  24. 

Recruits,  939-947. 
Pillaging,  A.  W.  42. 
Pillows,  1087. 
Piclcax  Handles,  1323. 
Plans: 

Deposit  of,  739. 
Platoon: 

Quitting  without  leave,  A.  W.  40. 
Pleas,  A.  W.  89. 
Plunder,  A.  W.  42. 
Ponchos: 

Rubber,  1758. 
Posse  Comitatus: 

Troops  not  to  be  used  as,  565. 
Post  Balserles,  335-340,  1108. 

Bakers,  183,  336,  337,  339. 

Bread,  baking  of,  335,  340. 

Expenses,  338. 

Extra  pay  to  bakers,  337. 

Fuel,  335. 

Inspections,  339. 

Supervision,  335. 
Post  Cemeteries : 

Embellishment,  573,  575. 

Establishment,  572,  573,  575. 

Graves,  574,  577. 

Headboards,  574. 

Inclosure,  573. 

Interments,  572,  574^77. 

Marking  graves,  574. 

Records,  576. 

Repairs,  573. 

Reports,  577. 

Walks,  575. 
Post  Commanders  (see  Commanding  Officers): 

Abstracts  of  issues,  1406. 

Clothing  estimates,  1288. 

Duties,  218-220,  222-226,  229,  829-832. 

Estimates,  1288. 

Expenditures,  222-225. 

Inspections,  218,  219. 


Post  Commanders— Continued. 

Leaves  of  absence  by,  54. 

Leaves  of  absence  to,  55. 

Observance  of  Sabbath,  220. 

Records,  227. 

Sales  of  subsistence,  1433. 

Staff,  221. 

Summary  court,  1032. 

Supervision  of  estimatesv  829-832. 

Telegraphic  code,  1332. 
Post  Commissary  Sergeants: 

Appointment,  100-103. 

Duties,  108,  109. 

Examination,  103-105. 

Qualifications,  100-105. 

Selection,  100-103. 

Stations,  107. 
Post  Councils,  317-323. 
Post  Exchanges : 

Beer,  sale  forbidden,  365. 

Councils,  317-323. 

Intoxicating  liquors,  ssile  forbidden,  365. 

Quartermaster-sergeiint,s,  9,  100-114. 

Regulations,  363. 

Reports,  363. 

Sales,  365. 

Wine,  sales  forbidden,  365. 
Post  Gardens: 

Cultivation,  352,  354. 

Distribution  of  products,  354. 

Seeds,  353. 
Post  Libraries: 

Books,  341-348. 

Fuel,  351,  1110. 

Inspections,  347. 

Lights,  117. 

Newspapers,  341. 

Periodicals,  341. 

Purposes,  341. 

Returns,  342. 

Rooms,  341. 
Post  Noncommissioned  Staff,  100-114. 

Appointment,  100-103, 110. 

Control,  111. 

Discharge,  114. 

Duties,  107-109,  lie. 

Examination,  103-105,  110. 

Furloughs,  119. 

Qualifications,  100-105, 110. 

Reduction,  114. 

Reenlistment,  113. 

Reports,  112. 

Selection,  100-103, 110. 

Stations,  106,  107,  110. 
Post  Quartermaster  Sergeants: 

Appointment,  100-103. 

Duties,  108, 109. 

Examination,  103-105. 
•  Qualifications,  100-105. 

Selection,  100-103. 

Stations,  107. 
Post  Recruiting,  953. 
Post  Returns,  A.  W.  7. 
Post  Schools: 

Attendance,  355, 360. 

Books,  355. 

Children,  360,361. 


INDEX. 


451 


Post  Schools — Coiitiiiued. 

Inspection,  369. 

Instruction,  355,362. 

I'unishments,  862. 

Rules,  362. 

Supervision,  335, 358, 362. 
Posts  (see  Military  Posts) ,  216-230. 

Books,  307. 

Clothing,  estimates,  and  issues,  1280-1330. 

Discontinued,  records  of,  891. 

Examination  of  recruits  at,  946. 

Hospital  Corps,  allowance,  1605-1607. 

Hygiene,  1571. 

Inspections  of,  967, 974-976. 

Medical  attendance,  1653-1655. 

Medical  officer,  duties,  1571. 

Quartermaster-sergeants,  100-114. 

Records,  227. 

Returns,  A.  W.  7. 
Pouches: 

Bands,  1312. 
Power  Plants,  372,389. 
Precedence: 

Officers,  9, 10, 11, 12. 

Regiments  and  corps,  6. 
Precedence  on  Occasions  of  Ceremony: 

Artillery,  6. 

Cavalry,  6. 

Dismounted  cavalry,  6. 

Engineers,  6. 

Hospital  corps,  6 

Infantry,  6. 

Signal  corps,  6. 
Presentation  of  False  Claims,  A.  W.  60. 
President: 

Applications  for  troops,  566. 

Certificates  of  merit,  196. 

Clothing  allowance  for  enlisted  men,  1286. 

Color,  234. 

Commutation  of  sentences,  1017. 

Disrespectful  words  against,  A.  W.  19. 

Duties  of  Engineer  Corps,  1677. 

Employment  of  troops,  567. 

Escorts,  488. 

Examinations  for  staff  details,  36i 

Flag,  233. 

Funeral  honors,  489. 

Honors  to,  449. 

Medals  of  honor,  195.^ 

Orders  to  Army,  206. 

Pardons,  1017. 

Ration,  components,  1350. 

Review  of  court-martial  cases,  979. 

Salutes,  467. 

Territorial  departments,  207. 
President  of  Court-Martlal,  1020. 
President  of  Senate: 

Honors  to,  450. 

Salutes  to,  468. 
Previous  Convictions,  1030,  1031, 1038. 
Price  Lists: 

Clothing,  1286. 

Subsistence,  1439. 

Ordnance,  1724. 
Principal  Musician,  273,  274. 

Appointment,  275. 

Rank,  9. 


Printing,  588-!«92. 
Prisoners: 

Abatement  in  term,  1016. 

Awaiting  sentence,  1004. 

Awaiting  trial,  1004. 

Clothing,  1013,  1317,  1318. 

Confinement,  1008,  1011-1017. 

Designation,  1004. 

Effects,  1014. 

Food,  3,  14. 

Forwarding,  1012. 

General,  1004,  1011-1017.  -^ 

Good  time,  allowance,  1016. 

Pardons,  1017. 

Place  of  confinement,  1011. 

Refusal  to  receive,  A.  W.  67. 

Release,  1017,  A.  W,  69. 

Reports  of,  A.  W.  68. 

Restraints  on,  1010. 

Rewards  for,  139. 
Prisoners  of  War: 

Allotments  of,  1539. 

Indian,  556. 

Rations,  1378. 
Private  Horses,  1178-1182. 

Purchase,  1178. 

Shoeing,  1181. 

Transportation,  1182. 
Private  Property  Lost,  807. 
Privileges: 

Withholding,  1027. 
Proceeds  of  Sales: 

Application,  696. 

Deposit,  696-698. 

Exceptions,  696. 

Transfers,  698. 
Profane  Oaths,  A,  W.  53. 
Professional  Boolcs  and  Papers,  1243-1246. 
Promotions: 

By  seniority,  23. 

Enlisted  men,  26-33. 

In  line,  24. 

In  staff,  23. 
Property  (see  Public  Property),  739-807. 

Accountability,  1163-1165,  1346,  1347. 

Captured,  889;  A.  W.  9. 

Certificates,  1169. 

Company,  309. 

Condition,  1177. 

Damage  to,  783,  784, 1169. 

Deficiency  in,  783,  784,  1169. 

Embezzlement,  A.  W.  60. 

Inspections  of,  979-990. 

Marking,  270,  309. 

Regimental,  270. 

Used  by  guards,  519-521. 
Property  Acconntablllty: 

Accounts,  774,  781-784. 

Administrative  examination,  783,  784. 

Enlisted  men,  776,  780. 

Examination  of  accounts,  783,  784. 

Expenditures,  777-779. 
By  order,  778. 

Methods  of  accounting,  774,  781-784. 

Orders  of  superior,  778. 

Rendition  of  returns,  774,  781-784. 

Returns,  774,  781-784. 


452 


INDEX. 


Property  Accountability — Continued. 
Separate  returns,  775. 
Unauthorized  exptnditures,  777. 
Vouchers,  777,  778. 
Proposals: 
Abstracts,  617, 619,  625. 
Bonds,  611,  613,  650-657. 
Erasures,  610. 
Forms,  608-610. 
Guaranties,  611-613,  650-667, 
Information  to  bidders,  603-606. 
Interlineations,  616. 
Numbers,  609. 
Opening,  615-617. 
Preparation,  607-610. 
Prices,  609. 
Reading,  617. 
Rejection,  621. 
Rewards,  619,  625. 
Submission,  607-616, 
Withdrawal,  616. 
Prosecution: 
Judge-advocate  to  carry  on,  A.  W.  90. 
Limitation  on,  A.  W,  103. 
Provisions: 

Violence  to  persons  bringing  in,  A.  W.  56. 
ProTOst-Marslial: 

Refusal  to  receive  prisoner,  A.  W.  67. 
Public  Animals: 
Artillery  horses,  1141,  1143,  1149. 
Assignment,  1149. 
Branding,  1145. 

Cavalry  horses,  1141,  1142,  1149. 
Condemned,  1150. 
Descriptive  book,  1147. 
Descriptive  lists,  1146-1148. 
Forage  allowance,  1154-1157, 1162. 
Purchases,  1141. 
Use,  11. 
Salt,  1403. 

Vinegar,  1403.  • 

Publications: 

Restrictions  on,  5. 
Public  Health: 

Enforcement  of,  564. 
Public  Lands: 

Inclosures  of,  564. 
Public  Moneys: 

Accounts  current,  708-712. 

Application  of,  658. 

Appropriations,  699-707. 

Betting  at  cards,  672. 

Check  books,  687-689, 

Checks,  678-686. 

Cover  in  of,  668. 

Certificates  of  deposit,  690-695. 

Deposits,  659-667,  673,  674. 

Embezzlement,  A.  W.  60. 

Gambling,  672. 

Insurance  prohibited,  675. 

Interest  in  purchases,  669,  670. 

Fiscal  year,  699-707. 

Offenses  in  connection  with,  669-672. 

Personal  possession,  when  authorized,  665, 

Proceeds  of  sales,  696-698. 

Sharing  in  profits,  671. 

Transfers,  676,  677. 

Vouchers,  713-734. 


Public  Property: 

Absence  of  oflficer,  741,  742. 

Accountability,  739,  774-784. 

Blank  receipts,  752. 

Boards  of  survey,  750,  751,  760,  761,  763-773,  779, 
790-807. 

Branding,  758. 

Bureau  transfers,  753. 

Commanding  officer,  responsibility,  740. 

Company  commander,  739,  743-746. 

Condemned,  761. 

Damaged,  763-773,  779,  780. 

Destroyed,  763-773,  779,  780. 

Detachment  commander,  739,  743-746. 

Detachment  of  officer,  741,  742. 

Enlisted  men,  747,  755,  766-768,  776,  780. 

Issues  and  transfers,  747-755. 

Keys  of  storerooms,  756. 

Lands,  785-789. 

Loans,  754,  759. 

Lost,  763-767,  779,  780. 

Marking,  758. 

Receipt  of,  750,  751. 

Receipts  in  blank,  752. 

Receipts  for,  747-752. 

Recovery  of,  770-773. 

Reduction  in  price,  762. 

Repairs  to,  757. 

Responsibility  for,  739. 

Rewards,  770-773. 

Sale,  761. 

Stolen,  770-773. 

Storerooms,  756. 

Supervision  of  issues  755. 

Surveying  expeditions,  754. 

Temporary  absence,  740-743. 

Temporary  command,  740,  74$. 

Transfers,  747-751. 

Unserviceable,  790. 

Use,  759. 

Worn-out,  760,  779. 
Public  Works: 

Control. 

Inspection,  968,  974-976. 

Travel  allowances,  1480. 
Punishment  Order,  1038,  1039. 
Punishments: 

Branding,  A.  W.  98. 

Conformable  to  law,  2. 

Disciplinary,  1027. 

Marking,  A.  W.  98, 

Order,  1038,  1039. 

Restrictions  on,  1038. 

Tattooing,  A.  W.  98. 
Purchases: 

Advertising,  578-587,  598-602, 

Authority  for,  593,  597, 

Bonds,  bidders,  611-613,  650-657. 

Contractors,  638-644,  650-657, 

Contingent  funds,  215. 

Contracts,  627-644. 

Foreign,  595. 

General  requirements,  593-697. 

Guaranties,  611-613,  660-667. 

Indians,  557,  647. 

Marking,  649. 

Methods,  627-637. 


INDEX. 


453 


Pur  cliases^-Con  ti  nned . 
Notice,  596. 

Oral  agreements,  645-647. 
Personal  services,  690. 
Proposals,  603-626. 
Responsibility  for,  567. 
Reports  of,  648. 
Where  made,  595,  596. 
(^  u  arter  ni  aster  -  General : 
Newspapers  for  libraries,  341. 
Requests  for  transportation  of  remains,  95. 
Quartermaster's  Department: 
Accountability  for  property,  739-807,  1165-1167. 
Advertising,  578-587. 
Allowances- 
Animals,  1154-1162. 

Barracks  and  quarters,  1080-1100, 1110. 

Baggage,  1224,  1241-1245. 

Barrack  chairs,  1086. 

Bedding,  1161, 1162.    ' 

Electric  light,  1129-1136. 

Forage,  1154-1162. 

Fuel,  1101-1115. 

Gas,  1129-1135. 

Horses,  1154-1162, 1182. 

Quarters,  1080-1111. 

Rooms,  1099, 1110,  1111. 

Stationery,  1136-1140. 

Stoves,  1101-1115. 

Straw,  1154-1162. 

Transportation,  1224,  1241-1245. 
Animals,  1141-1150. 
Baggage,  1224,  1241-1245. 
Barracks  and  quarters,  1080-1111. 
Battle  ground  cemeteries,  570,  571. 
Boards,  824. 
Bonds,  650-657. 
Buildings,  786-789,  1080-1087. 
Bills  of  lading,  1206-1285. 
Bond-aided  railroads,  1284,  1285. 
Brooms,  1328,  1329. 
Brushes,  1328. 
Cemeteries,  569-577. 
Changes  of  station,  822,  823. 
Civilian  employees,  808-820. 
Clothing  and  equipage,  1286-1330. 
Command  of  officers,  17. 
Corn  brooms,  1328,  1329. 
Depots,  208,  209. 
Duties,  1076-1079. 
Electric  light,  1129-1135. 
Evacuated  posts,  230. 
Forage,  1154-1162. 
Fortifications,  supplies  for,  385. 
Fuel,  1101-1115. 
Gas,  1129-1135. 
Horses — 

Private,  1178-1182. 

Public,  1141-1150. 
Horseshoeing,  1181. 
Illuminating  supplies,  1116-1135. 
Inspections,  968-971,  974-976, 1080,  1082. 
Land-grant  railroads,  1284, 1285. 
National  cemeteries,  569. 
Property  accountability,  1163-1177. 
Private  horses,  1178-1182. 
Public  animals,  1141-1150. 


Quartermaster's  Department— Continued. 

Purchases,  593-657. 

Records,  1343-1345. 

Regimental  quartermasters,  260,  261,  265-267, 

Reports,  1345-1350. 

Returns,  1345-1350. 

Rooms,  1099,  1110, 1111. 

Scrubbing  brushes,  1328. 

Smiths'  tools,  1181. 

Stoves,  1101-1115.  ' 

Straw,  1154-1162. 

Telegraphing,  1331-1341.  _   _ 

Telephoning,  1342. 

Transportation,  1183-1285. 

Veterinary  medicines,  1151-1153. 
Quartermaster  Sergeants: 

Post,  9,  100-114. 

Regimental,  9,  268. 
Quartermaster  Stores,  1163-1169. 

Accountability  for,  1163-1165. 

Certificates,  1169. 

Changes  of  station,  1168. 

Memorandum  receipts,  1166-1169. 

Purchases,  593-657. 

Responsibility,  1166-1169. 

Temporary  absence,  1167. 
Quartermaster  Supplies,  1346, 1347. 
Quarters,  1080-1087. 

Absence,  1096-1098,  1100*. 

Accounts  of  expenditures  on,  1084. 

Allotment,  1080, 1088-1100. 

Allowance,  1088-1100, 1110,  1111. 

Annual  inspection,  1082. 

Appropriations  for,  1091. 

Assignment,  1088-1100. 

Behavior  in,  A.  W.  55. 

Benches,  1087. 

Buildings,  1084. 

Bunks,  1087. 

Chaplain,  1095. 

Chairs,  1086,  1087. 

China,  1087. 

Commutation,  1489-1496. 

Damages  to,  1080, 1081. 

Expenditures,  1084. 

Glassware,  1087. 

Hiring,  1092,  1093. 

Inspection,  1080,  1082,  1083. 

Lockers,  1085. 

Lying  out  of,  A.  W.  31. 

Mattresses,  1087. 

Mess  outfits,  1087. 

Mess  rooms,  1099. 

Numbering,  1084. 

Restrictions,  1092,  1096-1100. 

Right  to,  1096. 

Selection,  1090. 

Vacated,  1080. 

Veterinarians',  207. 
Quarrels: 

Suppression,  A.  W.  24. 
Quitting  Guard,  etc.,  A.  W.  40. 
Railway  Trains: 

Hospital,  1622. 
Range  Finders,  369,  370,  388-393. 
Bank: 

Commands  appropriate  to,  14. 


454 


INDEX. 


Kaiik — Continued.  '     - 

Definition,  7. 

Grades,  9, 

How  held,  8. 

Lineal,  9, 12. 

Lot  to  determine,  11. 

Militia,  10;  A.  W.  123. 

Precedence,  how  determined,  10, 11. 

Relative,  in  Army  and  Navy,  12. 

Volunteers,  10, 11. 
Rape: 

Assault  and  battery  with  intent  to  commit,  A. 
W.  58. 

In  time  of  war,  A.  W.  68. 
Rations: 

Adjustment  of  charges,  1357. 

Allowances,  1378, 1379. 

Candles,  1380, 1385. 

Civil  employees,  1378, 1398. 

Coffee,  1338. 

Commutation  of,  1410-1425. 

Components,  1350. 

Definition,  1372. 

Emergency,  1377, 1382. 

Field,  1377, 1380. 

Fresh  meat,  1376, 1380, 1383 

Garrison,  1377,  1380. 

General  mess,  1402. 

Hospital,  1391-1397. 

Issues,  1357-1360,  1389-1402. 

Liquid  coffee,  1388. 

Marines,  1379. 

Matrons,  1378. 

Navy,  1379. 

Nurse  corps,  1378. 

Nurses,  1378. 

Prisoners — 

General,  1378. 
Of  war,  1378. 

Salt  meat,  1350. 

Savings,  1407-1409. 

Seamen  of  Navy,  1379. 

Transports,  1381. 

Travel,  1377,  1380,  1386. 

Troops,  1377. 

Vegetables,  1380,  1384. 
Razors,  1404. 

Strops,  1404. 
Receipts: 

Blank,  forbidden,  718,  752. 

Of  funds,  720,  721. 

Memorandum,  1166-1169. 
Reading  Rooms  (see  Post  Libranes),  341-351. 

Lights  for,  1118,  1129. 
Rear- Admiral: 

Relative  rank,  12. 
Rebellion : 

Suppression  of,  564. 
Reconnolssances : 

Command  and  direction  of,  19. 

Journals,  523. 

Maps,  522-526. 

Notes,  522-526. 
Record  and  Pension  Office,  1752-1755. 

Archives,  1752-1755. 

Command  of  officers,  17. 

Disbanded  organizations,  1754. 


Record  and  Pension  Office— Continued. 

Duties,  1752-1755. 

Muster  rolls,  1753. 

Records,  1752-1755. 

Returns,  1752-1755. 
Records: 

Archives,  890,  891. 

Books,  227. 

Colored  inks  in,  892. 

Company,  294,  295. 

Courts-martial,  A.  W.  113. 

Destruction  of,  893. 

Discontinued  commands,  891. 

Disposition,  891. 

Information  from,  894. 

Inks  used  in,  893. 

Post,  227. 

Preservation,  890,  891. 

Volunteers,  1752-1755. 

Regimental,  271,272.     " 

Willful  destruction,  etc.,  893. 

Withdrawal,  893. 
Records  of  Courts-Martial: 

Authentication,  1055. 

Correction,  106. 

Copies,  993;  A.  W.  114. 

Disposition,  993,  1057,  1058;  A.  W.  113. 

Errors,  1061. 

General  courts,  1055-1061. 

Judge-advocates,  1055, 1057. 

Inferior  courts,  1055,  1057,  1068. 

Publication,  1060. 

Review,  1057. 

Revision,  1061. 

Signatures,  1055. 

Summary  courts,  1030-1036. 

Typewritten,  1056. 
Recruiting  Details,  913,  914. 
Recruiting  Officers : 

Funds  in  personal  possession,  665. 
Recruiting  Service,  912-955. 

Classification,  912,  953-955. 

Commutation  of  rations,  665,  1411-1415. 

Control,  833. 

Departmental,  953. 

Details,  913,  914. 

Enlistments,  921-938. 

Funds,  665. 

General,  912. 

Medical  attendance,  1663, 1664. 

Medical  examination,  939-947, 1662. 

Physical  examination,  939-947,  1002. 

Post,  954. 

Recruiting  rendezvous,  915-920. 

Recruits  sent  to  regiments,  948-952. 

Regimental,  955. 

Rendezvous,  916-920.  . 

Returns,  931. 

Special,  912. 

Stations,  915-920. 
Recruits: 

Age,  921,  923. 

Applications  to  enlist,  921,  922,  936-938. 

Assignments,  948. 

Articles  of  War  read  to,  930. 

Clothing,  1293. 

Consent  of  parents,  927. 


INDEX. 


455 


l&ecrults — Continued. 

Contract,  929. 

Declaration,  927. 

Disqualification,  923. 

Enlistment,  921-938, 

Examination,  939-947. 

False  representations,  928. 

Guardian,  consent,  927. 

Hospital  Corps,  1597,  1598. 

laundry  work  for,  1316. 

Married  men,  926. 

Medical  inspection,  939-947,  1662. 

Minor,  927. 

Oath,  929. 

Ordnance,  issues  to,  1720. 

Parental  consent,  927. 

Physical  examination,  939-947. 

Prohibition  to  enlist,  923. 

Qualifications,  921-923. 

Sent  to  regiments,  948-952. 
Bed  Cross: 

Flag,  238. 
Redress  of  Wrongs: 

Commissioned  officers,  A.  W.  29. 

Enlisted  men,  A.  W.  30. 
Reduction : 

Post  noncommissioned  staff,  114. 
Beenlistment,  934-938. 

Pay,  1528-1530. 

.Post  noncommissioned  staff,  113. 
Refusal  to  Receive  Prisoner,  A.  W.  67. 
Regimental  Adjutant,  260-264. 

Appointment,  260. 

Company  duty,  267. 

Duties,  263-265,  267,  277. 

Eligibility,  260,  261. 

Form  of  office,  261. 
Regimental  Bands,  273-279. 

See  Bands. 
Regimental  Commander: 

Battle  reports,  885. 

Command,  254. 

Duties,  256-2.58,  268. 

Headquarters,  254. 

Noncommissioned  staff,  268,  269. 

Staff,  260-267. 

Records,  271,  272. 

Station,  254. 
Regimental  Commissary: 

Appointment,  260,  261. 

Duties,  265,  266,  267. 

Eligibility,  260,  261. 

Term  of  office,  261. 
Regimental  Courts,  A.  W.  81. 

Jurisdiction,  30,  A.  W.  83. 
Regimental  Field  Officers,  259. 
Regimental  Funds,  326. 

Purchases,  324,  325. 

Restrictions  on  expenditure,  324,  325. 

Transportation  for  purchases  from,  1255. 
Regimental  Noncommissioned  Staff: 

Allowances,  1110. 

Appointment,  268. 

Color-sergeants,  268. 

Commissary-sergeants,  268,  269. 

Quartermaster-sergeants,  268. 

Rank,  9 


Regimental  Noncommissioned  Staff — Continued. 

Reduction,  268. 

Warrants,  268. 
Regimental  Quhrtermaster: 

Appointment,  260,  261. 

Duties,  265,  266,  267,  277. 

Eligibility,  260,  261. 

Term  of  office,  261. 
Regimental  Quartermaster-Servants,  9,  268. 
Regimental  Recruiting,  955. 
Regimental  Records,  271,  272. 

Regimental  Staff,  260-269.  

Regiments: 

Adjutant,  260-264. 

Administration  unit,  254. 

Bands,  273-279. 

Battalions,  253,  254. 

Battle  reports,  885. 

Colors,  239-252. 

Commander,  254,  256. 

Commissary,  260-262,  265,  266. 

Companies,  254. 

Composition,  254. 

Definition,  254. 

Field  officers,  269. 

Flags,  239-252. 

Headquarters,  254. 

Instruction,  257,  258. 

Marking  of  property,  270. 

Noncommissioned  staff,  269. 

Organization,  254. 

Precedence,  6. 

Property,  270. 

Quartermaster,  260-262,  265,  266. 

Records,  271,  272. 

Recruiting  service,  955. 

Recruits  sent  to,  948-952. 

Staff,  260-268. 
Regular  Army: 

Precedence  in,  10, 11. 
Regulations: 

Blank  forms,  1761. 
Reigning  Sovereigns: 

Honors  to,  449. 

Salutes  to,  467,  470. 
Relative  Ranlt: 

Army  and  Navy,  12. 

Militia  officers,  10. 

Volunteer  officers,  11. 
Release  of  Prisoners,  A.  W.  69. 
Remains: 

Commissioned  officers,  99. 

Enlisted  men,  180. 
Removal  of  Trespassers,  228. 
Renewal  of  Bonds,  650. 
Repairs: 

Buildings,  222-224,  788,  1080-1087. 

Property,  757. 

Service  colors,  249. 
Reporters: 

Employment,  1062, 1063. 

Pay,  1062,  1064. 

Restriction  on,  1064. 
Reports: 

Apprehended  deserters,  130-134. 

Arrival  of  recruits,  951. 

Artillery  inspector,  409. 


456 


INDEX. 


Reports— Continued . 

Artillery  practice,  415. 

Artillery  school,  534. 

Battles,  engagements,  etc.,  884-889. 

Bills  of  lading,  1348. 

Bimonthly,  of  enlisted  strength,  878. 

Burials,  post  cemeteries,  577. 

Captured  property,  889. 

Casualties,  887,  888. 

Channels,  849.  '' 

Chaplain's,  50. 

Death  of  officers,  93,  95. 

Departmental  affairs,  211. 

Department  commanders  absent,  218. 

Deserters,  130-134. 

Efficiency,  899-905. 

Engineering  operations  in  the  field,  1687 

Enlisted  men  confined,  A.  W.  68. 

Enlisted  strength,  bimonthly,  878. 

Examination  of  recruits,  947. 

Extra  and  special  duty,  1348. 

Fortification,  materials  for  repairs,  382-386,  388- 
392. 

Hunting,  69,  70. 

Indian  scouts,  names  of,  inserted,  562. 

Individual,  894,  899. 

Inspection,  972,  974-976. 

Inspections,  department  commanders,  211, 401. 

Medical  Department,  1670. 

Morning,  of  companies,  448. 

Movements  of  troops,  emergencies,  210,  566. 

Officers  on  leave,  66,  68-74,  895-898. 

Officers  visiting  foreign  countries,  66. 

Oral  agreements,  supplies  and  services,  645-647. 

Ordnance,  1734. 

Outstanding  liabilities,  684,  1348. 

Personal,  68,  69,  74-76,  108,  112,  148,  895-898,  958, 
1593, 1743. 

Persons  and  articles  employed,  etc.,  1348. 

Post  commanders,  inspection,  218. 

Post  exchanges,  364. 

Post  schools,  358. 

Post  c.emeteries,  577. 

Practical  and  theoretical  instruction,  258. 

Quartermaster's  Department,  1348-1350. 

Q.  M.  Department,  preparation,  etc.,  1335. 

Recruit  detachments,  951. 

Retired  enlisted  men,  148, 150. 

Sick  leave,  74. 

Roll  call,  443. 

Service,  894. 

Small-arms  practice,  417. 

Superintendents,  national  cemeteries,  569. 

Transportation  requests,  1338. 

Travel  under  orders,  77. 

Treatment  of  disease,  and  results,  172. 
Reproachful  Speeches,  A.  W.  25. 
Requests  for  Transportation,  1201,  1203,  1208-1229. 
Requisitions: 

Clothing,  1296. 

Illuminating  supplies,  1127. 

Preparation,  828,  829. 

Supervision,  828,  829. 
Reservations: 

Embellishment,  229. 

Removal  of  trespassers,  228. 

Supervision,  228. 


Resignations,  89-92. 

Acceptance,  89,  92. 

How  forwarded,  89. 

Immediate,  91. 

Leaves  of  absence  before  acceptance,  91. 

Pay  on,  1456, 1457. 

Quitting  post  on  tender  of,  A.  W.  49. 

Tenders  of,  89,  90;  A.  W.  49. 

Unconditional,  91. 

Under  charges,  90. 
Respect  to  Superiors,  4. 
Responsible  Officer,  739,  740,  1163-1169. 

See  Property. 
Responsibility: 

Property,  739,  740, 1163-1165. 

Officers  for  certificates,  739. 
Restoration  to  Duty: 

Deserters,  143. 
Retainers  to  Camp,  A.  W.  63. 
Retired  Enlisted  Men : 

Allowances,  149. 

Deductions,  149. 

Descriptive  lists,  147,  150. 

Double  service,  146. 

Final  statements,  147. 

Medical-  attendance,  1654. 

Pay,  149. 

Reports,  148,  150. 

Retirement,  146,  147. 

Service,  computation  of,  146. 
Retired  Officers: 

College  details,  43-47. 

Pay,  1458. 

Retirement,  85-88. 

Stationery,  1138. 

Uniform,  88. 
Retired  Pay: 

Commissioned  officers,  1458. 

Enlisted  men,  149. 
Retiring  Boards,  85-87. 
Retirement  of  Officers,  85-88. 

Causes,  85,  86. 

Reports  concerning,  85,  86. 

Retiring  boards,  85-87. 
Retreat: 

Retiring  to  quarters  at,  A.  W.  35. 

Roll  call,  443,  445. 
Returns: 

Blank  forms,  1761. 

Captured  property,  889. 

Contingent  funds,  215. 

False,  A.  W.  8. 

Ordnance,  1694. 

Promptly  forwarded,  828, 

Quartermaster's  Department,  1346-1350 

Subsistence  Department,  1441. 

Troops,  876-889. 
Reveille: 

Gun,  220. 

Roll  call,  443. 

Reports,  443. 
Reviews,  514. 

Chaplain's,  attendance,  81. 

Civil  functionary,  479. 

General  officer,  479. 
Reviewing  Authority,  A.  W.  104-111. 
Review  of  Proceedings,  1031, 1032, 1057. 


INDEX. 


457 


Rewards: 

Deserters,  135, 137,  138, 143. 

Prisoners,  139. 

Property,  770-773. 
Bobbery: 

In  time  of  war,  A.  W.  58. 
Boll  Calls,  443. 

Hours  of,  446. 

Reports,  445,  440, 
Bolls,  872-875. 
Booms: 

Allowance,  1110. 
Boster: 

Batteries,  436. 

Classes  of  duties,  425,  426. 

Cavalry,  434,  435. 

Commissioned  officer,  427-^30. 

Definition,  423. 

Details,  424,  429-432. 

How  kept,  423-432. 

Noncommissioned  officers,  428. 

Signal  Corps,  437. 
Rosters  of  Troops : 

Distribution,  870. 
Boutes  of  Travel,  77,  1472,  1475,  1478. 
Boyal  Fanillies,  Members  of: 

Honors  to,  449. 

Salutes  to,  467,  470. 
Rubber: 

Pieces  of,  for  desks,  1137. 

Pouches,  1758. 
Rulers,  1137. 
Sabbath : 

Observance  of,  220. 
Saddlers: 

Appointment,  290,  292. 

Extra-duty  pay,  186. 

Reduction,  290. 
Safeguard: 

Forcing,  A.  W.  57. 
Sales: 

Fuel,  1101-1107. 

Illuminating  supplies,  1125,  1126,  1130-1182. 

Ordnance,  1704,  1705,  1709,  1711. 

Proceeds,  696-698. 

Savings,  1128. 
Sales  of  Subsistence: 

Abstracts,  1438. 

Accounts,  1427-1439. 

Allowance,  1426,  1428-1431,  1433,  1434. 

Bakeries,  1428. 

Civilian  employees,  1430. 

Commissioned  officers,  1426, 1427, 1429-1431, 1435- 
1437. 

Companies,  1428. 

Credit,  1427,  1431,  1435-1437. 

Designation  of  articles  for,  964. 

Enlisted  men,  1428,  1429,  1431,  1434,  1436,  1437. 

Families,  1426,  1434. 

Hospitals,  1428. 

Nurses,  1426. 

Price  lists,  1439. 

Prices,  1439. 

Rates,  1439. 

Regulation,  1433. 

Restrictions,  1433. 

Weights,  1432. 


Sales  to  £nltsted  Hen : 

Fuel,  1103. 

Subsistence,  1434. 
Sales  to  Officers: 

Fuel,  — 

Horses,  1178. 

Quartermaster  stores,  1101, 1125, 1159. 

Subsistence  stores,  1426-1439. 
Salt: 

Extra  issues,  1350, 1403. 
Salutes: 

Armed,  454,  455,  457,  458,  460.  _  *, 

By  commissioned  officers,  451,  453-455,  464. 
Enlisted  men,  456-463. 

Cannon,  465-480. 

Commanding  officer,  453,  464. 

Dismounted.  454,  456,  463. 

Indoors,  455,  461,  463. 

Militia,  463,  475. 

Mounted,  454,  456. 

Naval  officers,  450,  463. 

To  officers,  449,  450,  453-463. 

Troops,  449,  450,  451^53. 

Under  arms,  454,  455,  457,  458,  460,  463. 

Working  parties,  459. 

Volunteers,  463,  475. 
Salutes  with  Cannon: 

Ambassadors,  468. 

Assistant  Secretary  of  War,  468. 

Brevet  rank,  472. 

Brigadier-general,  471. 

Cannon,  465-480. 

Charges  d'affaires,  460. 

Chief  magistrates,  470. 

Commanding  officer,  453. 

Congressional  committee,  468. 

Consul-general,  469. 

Envoys,  469. 

Fired,  when,  465,  473. 

Flag,  451,  465,  476-478,  480. 

General,  471. 

General  officers,  471-474. 

Governor,  468. 

Governor-general,  468. 

House  of  Representatives,  Speaker,  468. 

Lieutenant-general,  471. 

Major-general  commanding,  471. 

Major-general,  471. 

Ministers,  469. 

National,  466. 

National  flag,  476,  477,  478,  480. 

Naval  officers,  475. 

President,  467. 

President  of  Senate,  468. 

Restrictions  on,  465,  473. 

Retired  officers,  474. 

Royal  family,  470. 

Saluting  stations. 

Senate,  President  of,  468. 

Ships  of  war,  477,  486. 

Sovereign,  470. 

Speaker,  House  of  Representatives,  468. 

Union,  466. 

When  fired,  465,  473,  480. 

Vessels  of  war,  477,  486. 

Vice-President,  468. 
Saluting  Stations,  478. 


458 


INDEX* 


Savings: 

Fuel,  disposition,  1108. 
Savings  of  the  Ration,  1407-1409. 

Articles  accepted,  1407. 

Companies,  1407-1409. 

Disposition,  1407. 

Hospital,  1407-1409. 

Payment  for,  1407-1409. 

Purchase  of,  1407-1409. 

Rates,  1407. 
Schools^  (see  Pod  Schools),  355-362. 

Electrician  sergeants,  537. 

Post,  355-362. 

Service,  531-543.  «" 

War  college,  530. 
School  Teachers: 

Extra  duty  pay,  183. 
Scissors,  1404. 
Scouts,  558-562. 

See  Indian  Scouts. 
Seacoast  Defenses,  366-406. 

See  Fortifications. 
Seamen: 

Issues  of  rations  to,  1379. 
Sea  Travel,  1473, 1562. 
Second  In  Command,  A.  W.  125. 
Second  Lieutenant: 

Baggage,  1241-1245. 

Command  of,  14. 

Fuel,  1110. 

Horses,  1182. 

Precedence,  10, 11. 

Quarters,  1110. 

Hank,  9. 

Relative  rank,  12. 

Rooms,  1110. 

Stationery. 
Seconds  in  Duels,  A.  W.  27. 
Second  Trials,  A.  W.  102. 
Secretary  of  War: 

Accounts  of  expenditures  for  witnesses  before 
civil  courts,  84. 

Advertising,  586. 

Animals,  purchase  of,  1141. 

Army  transport  service,  1193. 

Articles  for  sales,  965. 

Assignments,  staff  officers,  823. 

Bands — 
Artillery  corps,  276. 
Engineers,  276. 

Boards  of  survey,  802. 

Buildings,  expenditures  on,  788. 

Certificates  of  merit,  196. 

Certificates  of  service,  155. 

Changes  of  station,  civilian  employees,  820. 

Character  on  discharges,  162. 

Chief  of  artillery,  366. 

Civilian  employees,  808,  810. 
Allotments,  810. 
Changes  of  station,  820. 

Clemency,  general  prisoners,  1017. 

Clerks  and  messengers,  809. 

Colors,  236. 

Colors,  new,  249. 

Flag,  235. 

Communications  to,  847 
Trivial,  864, 


Secretary  of  War— Continued. 
Commutation  of  quarters,  1492. 
Confinement,  places  of,  1011. 
Contingent  funds,  215. 
Contracts,  631. 

Correspondence  respecting  resignations,  90. 
Correspondence  with  bureaus,  852. 
Delays  in  obeying  orders,  79. 
Designation  of  posts  for  confinement  1011. 
Details  to  staff,  36. 
Disabled  officers,  85. 
Discharge  of  enlisted  men,  151. 
Distance  tables,  1475. 
Draft  animals,  1183, 1184. 
Draping  colors,  508. 
Engineer  Corps,  1677,  1678. 
Escort,  488. 
Engineer  school,  531 
Exchanges,  365. 

Expenditures  on  buildings,  224. 
Experimental  tests,  attendance,  1738-1740. 
Extra  duty,  details  of  enlisted  men  of  staff 

departments,  185. 
Extra  pay  for  higher  command,  1448. 
Fiscal  affairs  of  Army,  205. 
Flag,  235. 

Funeral  honors,  490,  499. 
Furloughs,  117,  119,  120,  124. 
Hiring  quarters,  1092. 
Honors,  450. 

Horses,  sales  to  officers,  1178. 
Hospitals,  1645. 

Incompetent  officers,  names  of,  211. 
Indian  reservations,  introduction  of  liquor,  550, 

551. 
Indians,  purchases  from,  557. 
Insane,  Government  Hospital  for,  544. 
Inspections,  966,  968,  969,  983,  984,  989. 
Inspectors,  957. 
Job  printing,  588-592. 
Leave  United  States,  permission  to,  65. 
Libraries  at  discontinued  posts,  348. 
Liquor,  sales  at  exchanges,  365. 
Manual  for  courts-martial,  1039. 
Medals  of  honor,  195. 
Medical  boards,  1572,  1578. 
Medical  Department,  1570. 
Medical  inspections,  1671. 
Messages  on  military  lines,  1744. 
Military  Academy,  527. 
Mounted  pay,  1450, 1451. 
Musters,  513. 
Offices,  renting,  1111. 
Opinions,  Judge-Advocate-General,  853. 
Orders  to  Army,  206. 
Ordnance  Department,  1694. 
Ordnance  depots,  1698. 
Ordnance  sales,  1727. 
Pay  of  Army,  1442. 
Printing,  589. 

Contracts  for,  591. 
Property  accounta,bility,  1163, 1169. 

Delinquent  officers,  1169. 
Property  returns,  784. 
Purchases,  reports  of,  648. 
Record  and  Pension  Office,  1752-1755. 
Recruiting  service,  833,  912-955. 


INDEX. 


459 


Secretary  of  War— Continued. 
Recruits — 
Assignment,  948. 
Enlistment,  921-933. 
Regimental  staff,  260. 
Reports  of  purchases,  648. 
Reservations,  228. 
Sales  of  ordnance,  1727. 
Salutes,  468. 

Sewing  machines  in  prisons;  1404. 
Signal  Corps,  1741. 
Small-arms  practice,  416,  417. 
Staff  of  departments,  214. 
Staff  officers- 
Assignment,  823. 
Changes  of  station.  822. 
Stoppages,  1497-1500. 
Subsistence  of  Army,  1351. 
Sureties,  651,  653-^56. 
Tests  of  ordnance,  attendance,  1738-1740. 
Telegraph  lines,  1744. 
Transfers  of  ofl&cers,  53. 
Trials  of  ordnance,  1735-1740. 
Trivial  communications,  504. 
Transfers,  enlisted  men,  125. 
Travel  orders,  staff  officers,  81. 
Veterinarians,  200. 
Visits,  481. 

Visits  to  fortifications,  402-406. 
Visits  to  Washington  to  settle  accounts,  83. 
War  college,  530. 
Sedition,  A.  W.  20. 

Repression,  A.  W.  23. 
Seeds:  • 

Posts,  229. 

Post  gardens,  364. 

Reservations,  229. 
Selection  of  (Quarters,  1090. 
Selection  of  Sergeants  and  Corporals,  285-288. 
Senate,  President  of: 

Honors  to,  450. 

Salutes  to,  408. 
Sentences: 

Approval,  1031,  1032;  A.  W.  104-111. 

Branding,  A.  W.  98. 

Commencement,  1046. 

Confinement,  1041-1045,  1047-1049. 

Cumulative,  1049. 

Death,  A.  W.  96. 

Discretionary,  1039. 

Dishonorable  discharge,  1050. 

Dismissal,  A.  W.  99. 

Flogging,  A.  W.  98. 

Forfeitures,  1046,  1048,  1052-1054,  1545. 

Guard  duty,  forbidden,  1040. 

Penitentiary,  1041-1042. 

Publication,  1060;  A.  W.  100. 

Sleeping  on  post,  A.  W.  39. 

Suspension,  A.  W.  111. 

Tattooing,  A.  W.  98. 

When  operative,  1046. 
Separate  Brigade: 

Commander  as  convening  authority,  A.  W.  13. 

Courts-martial  in,  A.  W.  73. 

Discontinued,  records  of,  891. 
Sequoia  National  Park: 

Removal  of  trespassers,  664. 


Sergeant-majors: 

Appointment,  268. 
Artillery  corps,  368. 
Rank,  9. 
Reduction,  268. 
Regimental,  268. 
Warrants,  268. 
Sergeants : 
Appointment,  286,  288,  290. 
Artillery  corps,  368. 
Rank,  9. 
Reduction,  291. 
Selection,  289. 
Warrants,  289. 
Servants : 
Officers',  sales  of  clothing  to,  1322. 
Not  to  wear  uniform,  1322. 
Service  Colors,  244,  245. 
Disposition,  249. 
Repairs  to,  249. 
When  used,  244. 
Service  of  Hospitals : 
Admissions,  1632,  1639. 
Assignments  in,  1629. 
Charges,  1641. 

Civilian  employees,  1638,  1639. 
Civilians,  1640. 
Descriptive  lists,  1632. 
Discharged  soldiers,  1633,  1634. 
Gratuitous  issues,  1636. 
Hospital  Corps,  1629. 
Library,  1643. 
Management,  1628. 
Matrons,  1630. 
Patients,  1631, 1632. 
Publications,  medical,  1643. 
Surgeons,  duties,  1628,  1637. 
Service  Schools,  531-543,  900-906. 
Service  Report: 
Officers',  899. 
Service: 

Statements  of,  1028. 
Shelters: 

Small-arms  practice,  421. 
Ships  of  War: 
Salutes,  477,  486. 
Visits,  482,  484-487. 
Shoeing  Animals,  1181. 
Shoes: 

Horse  and  mule,  1181. 
Short  Receipts,  A.  W.  60. 
Sicls: 

Subsistence  for,  1391-1397. 
Siclt  Certificates,  72,  74. 
Sick  Leaves: 
Applications  for,  72. 
Authority  to  grant,  73. 
Certificate  of  surgeon,  72. 
Change  to,  of  ordinary  leave,  7 
Commencement,  64. 
Expiration,  74,  75. 
Medical  certificates,  72,  74. 
Report  of  officer  on,  75. 
Sickness: 
Certificates  of,  72,  74,  76. 
Leave  on  account  of,  72-76. 


460 


INDEX. 


Signal  Det)artment: 

Advertising,  578-587. 

Boards,  824. 

Bonds,  650-667. 

Changes  of  station,  822,  823. 

Codes,  1741-1749. 

Civilian  employees,  808-820. 

Clothing,  1294,  1300. 

Command  of  officers,  17,  1743. 

Duties,  821,  1741,  1743,  1744-1746. 

Enlisted  men,  1742. 

Flag,  248. 

Fortifications,  supplies  to,  356,  390. 

Instruction,  1747. 

Issues  to,  1751. 

Messages,  1744-1746. 

Money  accounts,  658-738. 

Purchases,  593-657. 

Supplies,  386,  390,  1750,  1751. 

Telegraph  lines,  1744-1746,  1748. 

Telephones,  1741. 
Signal  Sergeant: 

Rank,  9. 
Signatures : 

Communications,  841. 
Sleepers,  1232-1240. 
Sleeping  Cars,  1232-1240. 
Sleeping  on  Post,  A.  W.  39. 
Small- Arms  Practice: 

Allowances,  418,  419. 

Expenditure  of  ammunition,  418,  419,  422. 

Flags,  421. 

Flour,  421. 

Hunting,  422. 

Regulation,  416. 

Records.  417. 

Shelters,  421. 

Streamers,  421. 

Targets,  421. 
Smiths'  Tools,  1181. 
Soap: 

Issue  for  prisoners,  1404. 

Shaving,  1404. 
Society  Badges,  1760. 
Soldiers'  Home: 

Admissions,  191-194. 

Deductions  for,  1545. 

Service  for  entrance,  191. 

Transportation  to,  193. 
Southern  Pacific  Railroad: 

Transportation  by,  564. 
Sovereigns,  Reigning: 

Honors  to,  449. 

Salutes  to,  467,  470. 
Spanish-American  War: 

Badges  of  societies,  1760. 
Speaker  of  House  of  Representatives : 

Honors  to,  450.- 

Salutes  to,  465. 
Special  Diet: 

Sick  and  convalescents,  1392. 
Special  Orders,  556-565. 

Contents,  556,  558. 

Copies  to  Adjutant-General,  569-571. 

Distribution,  666,  567. 

Execution,  561. 
Special  Passports,  67. 


Specifications,  1027-1031. 

See  Charges. 
Spoliation  of  Records,  893. 
Spies: 

Punishment  of,  sec.  1343,  R.  S. 
Spring  Wagons  at  Posts: 

Allowance,  1187. 
Squadrons  (see  Battalions),  253. 

Battle  reports,  855. 
Squads,  297. 
Stables: 

Lanterns,  1121. 
Staff: 

Appointments,  36-42,  1453,  1465. 

Boards  in,  824. 

Changes  of  station,  522,  523. 

Department,  214. 

Details  to,  36-42. 

Efficiency  reports,  900-905. 

Orders  for  travel,  81. 

Post,  221. 

Promotions  in,  23. 

Regimental,  260-267. 

Service  reports,  899. 
Staff  Administration: 

Assignments,  523. 

Boards,  824. 

Bonds,  650-657. 

Changes  of  station,  822. 

Communications,  825. 

Control,  826. 

Convening  boards,  824. 

Correspondence,  825. 

Estimates,  826,  828-832. 

Expenditures,  821,  832. 

Money  accountability,  658-738. 

Pay  of  Army,  821. 

Property  accountability,  739-807. 

Purchases,  593-651. 

Recruitment,  821. 

Reports,  827. 

Stations  of  officers,  822 

Supervision  of  estimates,  826-882. 

Supply,  821. 
Staff  Appointments,  36-42. 

Pay,  1453,  1454. 
Staff  Departments: 

Adjutant-General's,  833-955. 

Administration,  821-«32. 

Details  in,  36-42. 

Inquiries,  1677-1693. 

Inspector-General's,  956-990. 

Judge- Ad vocate-General '  s,  991-1076. 

Medical,  1570-1670. 

Ordnance,  1694-1740. 

Pay,  1442-1569. 

Quartermaster's,  1076-1350. 

Record  and  Pension,  1752-1755, 

Signal,  1741-1751. 

Subsistence,  1351-1441. 
Staff  Details,  36-42. 

Term,  261. 
Staff  Officers: 

Appointment,  36-42. 

Assignments  to  command,  17. 

Command,  17. 

Details,  36-42,  26X. 


INDEX. 


461 


staff  Officers— Continued. 

Individual  service  reports,  899. 

Efficiency  reports,  900-905. 
Standing  Mute,  A.  W.  89. 
State  Department: 

Passports,  67. 
Stated  Musters,  513-515. 
Stated  Inspections,  514. 
Stated  Reviews,  514. 
Statements  of  Service,  1028. 
Stationery: 

Allowance  of,  1136-1140. 

Courts,  1140. 

Desks,  1127. 

Enlisted  men,  1139. 

Offices,  1137. 

Officer's,  1136, 1138. 

Retired  officers,  1138. 
Statute  of  Limitation: 

General,  A.  W.  103. 

In  desertion,  A.  W.  103 
Steamers:  ^ 

Hospital,  1622. 
Steel  Erasers,  1137. 
Stenographers,  1062, 1063. 
Stoppage  Circular,  1499. 
Stoppages  of  Pay,  Officers: 

By  whom  directed,  1498,  1499. 

Cause,  1498. 

Circulars,  1499. 

Explanations,  1497. 

Notification,  1497. 

Order  of  payment,  1568. 

Overpayments,  1500. 

Payments  during,  1499. 

Refundments,  1497. 
Stores: 
^Captured,  A.  W.  9. 

Loss  or  damage,  A.  W.  15. 
Straw: 

Allowance,  1162.' 
Subpoenas: 

By  whom  served,  1023. 

How  served,  1024. 

Witnesses,  1023-1025. 
Subsistence  Department: 

Abstracts  of  issues,  1406. 

Accounts,  1441. 

Army  transports,  11%. 
•  Articles  for  sales,  964. 

Blank  forms,  1440. 

Brooms,  1372. 

Care  of  supplies,  1355-1363,  1373-1375. 

Chief  commissaries,  1353. 

Civilian  employees,  808-820. 

Coffee,  liquid,  1388. 

Command  of  officers,  17. 

Commutation  of  rations,  1410-1425. 

Corn  brooms,  1372. 

Deficiencies,  1370, 1371. 

Designation  of  articles  for  sale,  964. 

Duties,  1351-1354. 

Estimates,  1354-1363. 

Forms,  blank,  1440. 

Fresh  meats,  1376, 1383. 

Funds  in  personal  possession,  666. 

Gains,  1307 


Subsistence  Department — Continued. 
Indians,  issues  to,  555,  556. 
Inspections,  968,  971,  974-970, 


Of  rations,  1389-1402. 

Of  stores  to  Indians,  555,  556. 
Liquid  coffee,  1388. 
Purchases,  1352-1354. 
Purchasing  commissaries,  1352. 
Ration,  1377-1402. 

Allowance,  1377-1379,  1381-1402. 

Commutation,  1410-1425.         -    _ 

Emergency,  1382. 

Field,  1380. 

Garrison,  1380. 

Hospital,  1391-1397. 

Issues,  1389-1402. 

Travel,  1380, 1386. 
Regimental  commissaries,  260,  861,  265-267. 
Requisition,  1354. 
Retired  enlisted  men. 
Sales,  1425-1439. 
Savings,  1407-1409. 
Storehouses,  1373. 
Supplies,  1354. 
Transfers,  1364. 
Vegetables,  1380,  1384. 
Wastage,  1367-1372. 
Subsistence  Supplies: 
Abstracts  of  issues,  1406. 
Articles  for  sales,  964. 
Care,  1356-1376. 
Deficiencies,  1367-1371. 
Definition,  1355. 

Designation  of  articles  for  sale,  964. 
Disposition,  1361,  1362. 
Estimates,  1354. 
Gains,  1367. 

Gratuitous  issues  and  transfers,  1363. 
Inventories,  1350. 
Issues,  1357-1360,  1363,  1380-1406. 
Property,  1355. 

Purchases,  1352-1354,  1407-1409. 
Requisitions,  1354. 
Sales,  964,  1425-1439. 
Storehouses,  1373-1375. 
Stores,  1355. 

Transfers,  1357-1360, 1364-1366. 
Wastage,  1367-1371. 
Succession  to  Command,  A.  W.  15,  16,  122. 
Summary  Courts: 
Accused,  1031,  1033,  1035. 
Approval,  1031,  1036. 
Evidence,  1031. 
Findings,  1031. 

Jurisdiction,  1031,  1033,  1036;  A.  W.  80,  83. 
Objections  to,  1033,  1036. 
Post  commander,  1031,  1032. 
Previous  convictions,  1030,  1031. 
Procedure,  1031-1036. 
Punishments,  1039-1041. 
Record,  1031,  1032. 
Restrictions,  1035. 
Review,  1031, 1032. 
Sentences,  1031, 1032. 
Summons: 
Witnesses,  102&-1025. 


462 


INDEX. 


Sunday : 

Observance  of,  220. 
Sunset  Gun,  220. 
Superior: 

Orders  for  expenditure,  735. 
Superior  Officer: 

Orders  for  expenditures,  737,  777. 
Superiors : 

Abusive  language  by,  3. 

Capricious  conduct,  3. 

Courtesy  toward,  4. 

Exercise  of  authority  by,  2. 

Injuries  to  inferiors,  3. 

Obedience  to,  1. 

Respect  to,  4. 

Tyrannical  conduct  of,  3. 
Superintendent  of  Military  Academy: 

Efficiency  reports,  900. 
Supplies: 

Marking,  649. 

Purchases,  593-648. 
Supply  Departments: 

Advertising,  578-587. 

Bonds,  650-657. 

Money  accountability,  658-738. 

Property  a(!COuntability,  739-807. 

Purchases,  593-657. 
Surgeon: 

Certificates  for  sick  leave,  72,  74. 
Surgeon-  General : 

Contract  surgeons,  1574-1577. 

Dental  surgeons,  1578-1589. 

Hospital  Corps,  1590-1620. 

Hospitals,  1621-1650. 

Matrons,  1630. 
Surrender: 

Compelling,  A.  W.  43. 

Of  offenders,  A.  W.  59. 
Survey,  790-807. 

See  Boards  of  Survey, 
Surveying  Expeditions: 

Loans  of  property,  754. 
Suspension: 

Of  sentence,  A.  W.  101. 

As  officer,  A.  W.  111. 
Tables,  300. 

Tables  of  Distances,  1472, 1475. 
Tableware : 

Breakage,  1325. 

Care,  315,1324,  1325. 

Charges  for,  1326. 

Estimates,  315, 1324, 1325. 
Tailors: 

Altering  clothing,  293. 
Taps,  443. 
Target  Practice  (see  Small- Anns  Practice) ,  416-422. 

Flour  for,  1403. 
Targets: 

Small-arms  practice,  421. 
Tattoo,  443. 
Tattooing: 

Punishment,  A.  W.  98. 
Teachers: 

Extra-duty  pay,  183. 
Teamsters: 

Extra-duty  pay,  183. 


Telegrams: 

*  Copies  to  follow  by  mail,  8»7. 

Counting  words,  1336. 

Forms  for,  1339. 

Payments  for,  1333-1341. 
Telegraph  Books,  1339. 
Telegraphic  Code,  1332. 
Telegraph  Lines: 

Construction,  1741,  1744. 

Control,  1744. 

Dispatches,  1746. 

Messages,  1745,  1746. 

Press  dispatches,  1746. 
Telegraphing: 

Accounts,  1333,  133&-1338. 

Books  for,  1339. 

Code,  1332. 

Collect  messages,  1341. 

Counting  words,  1356. 

Framing  messages,  1331,  1334-1337. 

Official  forms,  1339. 

Payments,  1333-1341.  ^ 

Restrictions  on,  1331,  1334. 

Sending  messages,  1340. 

Settlement  of  accounts,  1333-1341. 
Telephone  Booths,  391. 
Telephoning,  1342. 
Temporary  Absence: 

Commutation,  1492. 
Temporary  Duty : 

Orders,  1482. 
Tent  Pins,  1323. 
Territorial  Departments: 

Assignment  of  commanders,  207. 

Duties  of  commanders,  207-213,  229. 

Establishment,  207. 

Succession  to  command,  213. 
Tests: 

Attendance,  1738-1740. 

For  mineral  oil,  1122. 
Thread,  1404. 
Tickets: 

Ferries,  1230,  1231. 

Sleeping  car,  1232-1240. 

Street  car,  1231. 
Timber: 

Unlawful  cutting,  564. 
Time: 

Computation  of,  733. 
Title  Papers,  786. 
Toilet  Paper: 

Issues,  1403,  1404. 
Tools: 

Smiths',  1181. 
Torpedoes,  369,  370. 
Toweling: 

Unbleached,  1404. 
Towels: 

Huck,  1403. 
Transfers: 

Commissioned  officers,  52,  55. 

Enlisted  men,  125,  126,  1599. 

Hospital  Corps,  1599. 

Public  funds,  676,  677. 

Public  property,  747-754. 

Subsistence,  1364-1366. 


INDEX. 


463 


TranK  initial: 

Letters  of,  837. 
Transportatiuii: 

Accounts  for,  1190,  1281-1285. 

Allotments  to  departments,  1184. 

Ambulances,  1189. 

Army  transports,  1193-1200. 

Artificial  limbs,  1673-1676. 

Baggage,  1223,  1224,  1241-1245. 

Bills  of  lading,  1256-1285. 

Bond-aided  roads,  1284, 1286. 

Bridges,  1230. 

Deserters,  135-137. 

Enlisted  men,  baggage,  1224,  1241-1245. 
On  furlough,  121,  122. 

Executive  departments,  1252-1254. 

Ferries,  1230,  1231. 

Ferry  tickets,  1231. 

Furloughed  soldiers,  121-122. 

Furnishing,  1191,  1192. 

Land-grant  roads,  1284, 1285. 

Loans  to  exploring  expeditions,  754. 

Material  for  gymnasiums,  etc.,  350. 

Means  of,  1183, 1184, 1190. 

Messenger  service,  1231. 

Mules,  1183. 

Officers'  horses,  1181. 

Pack,  1183,  1184. 

Penalty  envelopes,  909,  910. 

Persons,  1201-1229. 

Private  horses,  1181. 

Property,  1246-1286. 

Remains,  99,  180. 

Requests,  1208-1229. 

Requisitions,  1191. 

Retired  enlisted  men,  147. 

Routes,  1186. 

Soldiers'  Home,  193. 

Sleeping  car,  1232-1240. 

Street  cars,  1231. 

Supplies,  1246-1285. 
.    Turnpikes,  1230. 

Witnesses  before  civil  courts,  1070. 
Transportation  of  Persons: 

Accommodations,  1202,  1205,  1206. 

Baggage,  1223-1225,  1241-1245. 

Changes  in  route,  1205, 1206. 

Civilian  physicians,  1207. 

Discharged  soldiers,  159. 

Deserters,  135-137. 

Furloughed  soldiers,  121, 122. 

Orders,  1203. 

Remains,  99, 180. 

Requisitions  for,  1201. 

Requests,  1208-1229. 

Retired  enlisted  men,  147. 

Returns  of  troops,  etc.,  1201. 

Routes,  1186-1205,1206. 

Sleeping  cars,  1232-1210. 

Soldiers'  Home,  193. 

Troops,  1201-1207. 
Transportation  Requests : 

Accountability  for,  1226-1229. 

Baggage,  1222-1225. 

Blanks,  books  of,  1226-1229. 

Bond-aided  roads,  1216. 


Transportation  Requests — Continued. 

Books  of,  1226. 

Bridges,  1230. 

Changes  in,  forbidden,  1218. 

Contents,  1208-1216, 1221. 

Ferries,  1230. 

Issue,  1208-1216. 

Land-grant  roads,  1216. 

Parlor  cars,  1232-1240. 

Rates,  1214, 1215. 

Receipts,  1212. 

Remarks  on,  1210. 

Return,  1220. 

Separate,  when  required,  1216. 

Sleeping  cars,  1232-1240. 

Street  cars,  1231. 

Stubs,  1229. 

Tickets  for,  1219. 

Turnpikes,  1230. 
Transport  Service,  1193-1200. 

See  Army  Transport  Service. 
Transports,  1197-1200. 

Deaths  on,  reports,  93,  95. 

Hospitals,  1622. 

Quartermasters,  1197-1200. 

Subsistence,  enlisted  men,  1417,1420,1421. 
Transport  (Quartermasters: 

Duties,  1197,  1198,1199. 

Register,  1200. 

Visits,  1199. 
Travel  Allowances: 

Accompanying  recruits,  1481. 

Actual  expenses,  sea  travel,  1473. 

Actual  transportation,  1472. 

Allowance,  1472. 

Changes  of  station,  1483-1485. 

Commissioned  officers,  1472-1488. 

Committees  of  Congress,  1488. 

Computation  of  distances,  1472,  1475. 

Deductions,  1472. 

Discharged  enlisted  men,  1562-1564. 

Engineer  officers,  1693. 

Expert  accountant,  818. 

Journeys,  orders  for,  1477-1481. 

Lines  of  travel,  1478. 

Mileage,  1472. 

Orders  involving,  1477-1481. 

Paymasters'  clerks,  818. 

Payment,  1476. 

Public  works,  1486. 

Quartermaster's  Department,  transportation  by, 
1472. 

Rejoining  station,  1480. 

Restrictions  on,  1487. 

Sea  travel,  1473. 

Settlement,  1475. 

Shortest  usually  traveled  route.  1472-1475. 

Tables  of  distances,  1472,  1475. 

Temporary  duty,  1482. 

Transportation  in  kind,  1472. 

Transports,  1417,  1421. 

Travel  with  troops,  1474. 

Vouchers,  1479. 
Travel  on  Duty: 

Delays,  79. 

Orders  for,  78,  80,  8L 


464 


INDEX. 


Travel  on  Duty — Continued. 

Reports  of,  77. 

Return  journeys,  78. 

Route,  77. 

Visits  to  Washington,  83. 

Without  orders,  82. 
Travel  Expenses,  Civilian  Employees: 

Actual  expenses,  815. 

Basis  of  reimbursement,  814-819. 

Change  of  station,  820. 

Commutation  of  rations,  817. 

Expert  accountant,  818. 

Fares,  814. 

Laborers,  815. 

Lodging,  814. 

Meals,  814. 

Paymasters'  clerks,  818. 

Payment,  819. 

Reimbursement,  814. 

Rations,  817. 

Restriction  on  payments,  816.'' 

Teamsters,  815. 

Transportation  requests,  813. 
Travel  Ration,  1377,  1380,  1386. 
Travel  with  Troops,  1474. 
Travel  witliout  Troops,  1474. 
Travois,  1614. 
Treasury  Department: 

Transportation  for,  1252. 
Trespassers: 

Ejection  of,  228. 

Public  lands,  564. 

Reservations,  228.  ♦ 

Trials: 

Charges  and  specifications,  1027-1081. 

Clerk,  1062,  1064. 

Contempt,  1021. 

Counsel,  1037. 

Garrison  courts. 

Inferior  courts. 

Interpreters,  1065. 

Previous  convictions,  1030. 

Punishments,  1038. 

Punishment  order,  1038,  1039. 

Record,  1055-1061. 

Regimental  courts. 

Reporters,  1062-1064. 

Second,  for  same  offense,  A.  W.  102. 

Sentences,  1038-1065. 

Summary  courts,  1030-1036. 

Witnesses,  1023-1026,  1066-1070. 
Tribunals: 

See  Courts-martial. 
Troops  (see  Companies),  280-316. 

Articles  of  War  read  to,  A.  W.  2. 

Constructions  by,  757. 

Duty  with,  1490. 

Employment  of,  in  execution  of  laws,  562-568. 

En^^ineer,  1677-1683. 

Inspections,  967, 974-976. 

Labor  of,  for  contractors,  594. 

Monthly  returns,  876-883. 

Payments  to,  1502. 

Rations,  1357-1360, 1377-1402. 

Rosters,  870. 

Salutes  by,  452,  453,  479. 


Troops: 

Transportation,  1201-1245. 

Traveling  with,  1474. 
Trumpeters: 

Appointment,  290,  292. 

Reduction,  290. 
Trumpets,  1327. 
Turnpiltes: 

Payments  for  use  of,  1230. 
Twice  Tried  for  Same  Offense,  A.  W.  102. 
Tyrannical  Conduct: 

Forbidden,  3. 
Ungarrisoned  Posts: 

Inspection  of,  967. 
Unmade  Garments,  1298, 1299. 
Uniform : 

Badges,  1760. 

Commanding  officer  to  prescribe,  1757. 

Dress  for  day,  1757. 

Enlisted  men,  302,  303. 

Fatigue,  302. 

Ponchos,  1758. 

Regulations  for,  1756. 

Retired  officers,  88. 

Rubber  overcoats,  1758. 

Servants  not  to  wear,  1322. 

War,  1759. 
Union  Pacific  Railroad: 

Transportation  by,  564. 
Union,  salute  to,  etc.,  466. 
United  States  Cavalry  and  liight  Artillery  Sclioid 

540,  541. 
United  States  Engineer  School,  531,  532. 
United  States  Infantry  and  Cavalry  School,  538, 

539. 
United  States  Penitentiary,  1042. 
United  States  War  College,  530. 
Vaccination,  942,  945. 

Noted  on  de^riptive  lists,  115. 

Operation,  942. 

Record,  945. 
Vegetables: 

Issues,  1380, 1384. 
Verification: 

Fuel  and  forage,  1171-1177. 
Vessels  of  War: 

Salutes,  477,  486. 

Visits,  482,  484-487. 
Veterans: 

Discharge,  156. 
Veterinarians: 

Allowances,  201. 

Appointment,  200. 

Duties,  202-204. 

Examinations,  200. 

Hospitals,  204. 

Rank,  9. 
Veterinary  Hospitals,  204. 
Veterinary  Medicines,  1151-1153. 

Books,  etc.,  1153. 

Custody,  1152, 1153. 

Estimates,  1151. 

Instruments,  1153. 

Issues,  1151,  1152. 

Requisitions,  il52. 
Veterans'  Discharge,  157. 

No  travel  allowances  on,  158. 


INDEX. 


465 


YIce-Admlral: 

Relative  rank,  12. 
Vice-President: 

Honors  to,  450. 

Salutes  to,  468. 
Victuals: 

Liquors,  etc.,  imposts  on,  A.  W.  18. 
Vinegar: 

Extra  issues,  1403. 
Violence: 

Persons  bringing  provisions,  A.  W.  56 
Visits: 

Arriving  officers,  481. 

Boarding,  482. 

By  officers,  481-487, 

Commanding  offit  jrs,  481-487. 

Courtesies,  481-487. 

Foreign  officers,  482,  484. 

Governor-general,  483. 

Interchange  of,  481-487. 

Militia,  463,  475. 

Naval  officers,  482-487. 

Return,  481-487. 

To  officers,  481-487. 

Vessels  of  war,  484-487. 

Volunteers,  463,  475. 
Volunteers: 

Honors  to,  463. 

Rank,  A.  W.  10,  11,  123. 

Relative  rank,  11. 

Salutes  to,  405. 
Vouchers: 

Advertising,  585,  587. 

Job  printing,  589-591. 

Printing,  589-591. 
Voucliers,  Money: 

Administrators,  734. 

Blank,  forbidden,  718.  . 

Certificates  of  fact,  714. 

Checks,  721,  724. 

Computation  of  time,  733. 

Contracts,  714-717,  721,  723,  724,  728,  729. 

Correctness  of  certificates,  714. 

Due  bills,  forbidden,  732, 

Duplicates,  713. 

Execution,  714-717,  721,  723,  724,  728,  729. 

Executors,  734. 

Facts,  certificates  of,  714. 

Fees,  731. 

Foreign,  722. 

Heirs,  734. 

Identification  of  payees,  727, 

Invoices,  720,  721, 

Language,  716. 

Money  amounts,  entry,  716,  730. 

Number,  713. 

Payments,  719,  722,  724,  727-729,  734. 

Receipts,  720,  721,  724,  725,  726. 

Signatures,  719,  724,  728,  729, 

22778—03 30 


Vouchers,  Money— Continued. 

Statement  of,  714-717,  721. 

Time,  computation  of,  733. 
Vouchers,  Property,  747-752, 
Wagoners : 

Appointment,  290,  292. 

Extra-duty  pay,  186. 

Reduction,  290. 
Wagon  Master: 

Not  to  be  interested  in  transportation,  etc.,  1170. 
Weighing: 

Supplies  delivered,  1172-1177. 
WaiTer  of  Bonds,  638. 
War  College,  530. 
Wai*  Department: 

See  Secretary  of  War. 
War  of  1812: 

Badges  of  societies,  1760. 

Records,  1754. 
War  of  BeTOlution : 

Badges  of  societies,  1760. 

Records,  1754. 
Warrants: 

Noncommissioned  officers,  268,  269. 
War  Vessels : 

Salutes,  477,  486. 

Visits,  482,  484-487, 
Washington  Aqueduct,  786. 
Washington,  D.  C. : 

Reports  of  arrival,  895. 

Visits  to,  83. 
Watchword,  making  known,  A.  W.  44. 
Waterproof  Coats,  1758, 
Whislt  Brooms,  1404. 
Whistles: 

Issue  of,  1327. 
Wicks,  1116-1128,  1135. 
Wine: 

Sale  of,  in  exchanges  forbidden,  365. 
Withholding  of  Privileges,  1027. 
Witnesses: 

Appearance,  1023-1025. 

Attachment,  1026. 

Civilian,  1023. 

Fees,  1006-1009. 

Judge-Advocate,  duties  of,  1023-1026. 

Refusal  to  testify,  1067. 

Subpoenas  to,  1023-1025. 
Witnesses,  Civilian: 

Allowances,  1066-1067. 

Attachment,  1026. 

Boards  of  survey,  745,  796. 

Civil  courts,  84, 1070. 

Fecj,  1066-1069. 

Military  courts,  1066-1069. 

Payments  to,  1067. 

Refusal  to  testify,  1067. 

Subpoenas,  1023, 1024. 

Writs  of  attachment,  1026. 
Wood: 

Issues,  1172, 1174-1177. 


INDEX  TO  APPES^DIX. 


[References  are  to  Pages.] 


Absence: 

Accrued  leave,  38i>. 

Quarters,  380. 

Scouts,  320. 

(See  Desertion.) 
Absence  Without  LeaTc: 

Time  lost,  296. 
Abstract  of  Issues,  279,  349. 
Accountability: 

Property,  269,  329. 
Accounts: 

Insane  oflBcers,  407. 

Medical  attendance,  287. 

Mileage,  379. 

Rendition,  327,  390. 
Accounts  Current,  268. 
Accoutrements,  265. 
Acting  Assistant  Surgeons: 

Proper  designations,  322,  364 

{See  Contract  Surgeons.) 
Acting  Hospital  Steward; 

Detail,  284,  285. 

Rank,  259. 
Actual  Expenses: 

See  travel,  383,  394. 
Additional  Pay,  299. 
Additional  Paymaster,  360. 
Adjutant-  General : 

Books  furnished  by,  371. 

Electrician  sergeants,  260,  261. 

Retirement  of  enlisted  men,  263. 

Returns,  Hospital  Corps,  285. 

Subsistence  funds,  267. 
Adjutant- General's  Department: 

Civil  employees,  269. 

Recruiting  service,  269. 
Adjutant-General's  Office: 

Recruiting  service,  269. 
Adjutants-General: 

Department,  306. 

Duties,  264. 

Official  title,  306. 
Adjutants  of  Regiments: 

Forage,  272.  . 
Advertising,  324. 
Allotment  of  Pay: 

Enlisted  men,  380,  381. 
Allowances: 

Baggage,  273,  274. 

Brooms  and  brushes,  377. 

Civilian  employees,  269,  300,  377. 

Clothing,  274. 

Commutation  of  rations,  281,  282,  379. 

Contract  and  dental  surgeons,  411. 

Corn  brooms,  377. 


Allowances — Continued. 

Discharged  soldiers,  284. 

Electric  lights,  272. 

Flour,  279. 

Forage,  272,  411. 

Fuel,  271. 

General  prisoners,  280,  386. 

Indian  scouts,  320. 

Military  attaches,  273,  274. 

Quarters,  271,  380. 

Rations,  276,  277,  278,  279,  377. 

Retired  soldiers,  263,  393,  395. 

Rooms,  271. 

Scrubbing  brushes,  274,  377. 

Shoestrings,  386. 

Stoves,  271. 

Transportation,  272,  273. 

Vinegar  cruets,  309. 

(See  Travel  Allowances.) 
Ambulances,  286. 
Animals: 

Forage,  272,  411. 
Annual  Reports,  305,  306. 
Appointment: 

Army  nurses,  337,  343. 

Chaplains,  292. 

Electrician  sergeants,  260,  261,  369. 

Post  noncommissioned  staff,  260,  261,  3( 
Arctic  Clothing: 

Issue,  376. 
Army  Medical  Scliool,  321. 
Army  Nurse  Corps: 

Regulations,  337,  349,  364. 
Army  War  College,  321,  323. 
Articles  of  War,  260,  261. 
Artillery: 

Colors,  308. 

Inspection,  365,  367. 
Artillery  Board,  317.- 
Artillery  Corps : 

Electrician  sergeants,  259,  261,  316,  369. 

Fortifications,  266,  307,  313.  316. 

Range  finders,  266,  313. 
Artillery  Districts: 

Commanders,  307. 

Correspondence,  407. 

Inspection,  315. 

Mileage  orders,  312. 

Records,  307. 

Reports,  315. 

Returns,  307. 

Submarine  mining,  312,  316. 

Tools,  312,  314. 
Artillery  Inspector: 

Department  headquarters,  264. 

46/' 


468 


INDEX   TO    APPENDIX. 


Artillery  Horses: 

Forage,  272. 

Use,  333. 
Artillery  Posts: 

Damage,  315. 

Defects,  315. 

Records,  307. 

Reports,  307,  315. 

Submarine  mining,  312,  316 

Tools,  312,  314. 
Artillery  Practice: 

Reports,  S72. 
Artillery  Record: 

Post,  370. 
Artillery  School,  321. 
Artisans: 

Extra  duty,  262. 
Attaches: 

Allowances,  273,  274. 
Badges: 

Military  societies,  892. 
Baggage: 

Allowance,  273,  274. 
Bakers: 

Extra  pay,  2G4. 
Battalion  Commanders: 

Duties,  265. 
Batteries: 

Inspection,  365. 
Beeswax: 

Issue,  280. 
Blacliing: 

Shoe,  280. 
Blanlcet  Bags: 

Marking,  265. 
Boards  of  Survey: 

Desertion,  262. 

Veterinarians,  289,  805. 
Bonds: 

Contractors,  266. 
Books: 

Oflacers'  schools,  809. 

Post,  370. 

Professional,  273. 

Record,  307. 

Supply  and  issue,  370,  371 
Brigadier-General: 

Baggage,  273,  274. 

Rank,  259. 
Brooms: 

Corn,  274,  377. 

Whisk,  280. 
Brushes: 

Blacking,  280. 

Hair,  280. 

Scrubbing,  274,  377. 

Shaving,  274. 

Tooth,  280. 
Buildings: 

Lighting,  272. 
Burial  Expenses: 

Deceased  soldiers,  393,  403 
Burial  Services,  290. 
Buttons,  280. 
Cadet: 

Computation  of  service,  409 

Rank,  259. 


Camp  and  Garrison  Equipage: 

Estimates,  274,  275,  374,  376. 
Candles: 

Issue,  278. 
Canteens: 

(See  Post  Exchange.) 
Captain: 

Baggage,  273,  274. 

Forage,  272. 

Rank,  259. 
Cavalry  Horses: 

Forage,  272. 
Certificate  of  Merit; 

Decision,  386. 

Pay,  300,  302. 
Certificates: 

In  lieu  of  discharge,  384. 
Changes  of  Station: 

Baggage,  273,  274. 
Chaplains: 

Examination  and  appointment,  292. 

Monthly  reports,  369. 

Rank,  pay,  etc.,  291. 

Religious  services,  292. 

Transportation,  291. 

Uniforms,  391. 
Charges  and  Specifications : 

Disposition,  270. 

Forwarding,  270. 

Inferior  courts,  270. 

Investigation,  270. 

Summary  courts,  270. 
Check  Book,  267,  326,  406. 
Checks: 

Destroyed,  267. 

Duplicate,  267. 

Favor  of  self,  267. 

Limit  on  account  of,  267. 

Original,  267. 

Payments  by,  267. 

Subsistence  funds,  325. 
Chief  Commissaries  of  Departments: 

Detail  of,  and  duties,  264. 
Chief  Musicians: 

Allowances,  271. 

Rank,  259. 
Chief  Nurses,  341,  347. 
Chief  Paymasters  of  Departments: 

Detail,  264. 

General  duties,  264. 
Chief  Quartermasters: 

Candles  for  office  and  storeroom,  278,  279. 

Estimates,  375. 
Chief  of  Bureaus: 

Stoppages  of  officers'  pay,  283. 
Chief  Surgeons  of  Departments: 

Detail  of,  and  duties,  264. 

Hospital  Corps,  284. 
Chief  Trumpeter: 

Rank,  259. 
Chimneys,  272. 
Circular : 

Size,  331. 

Subsistence  of  recruits,  324. 
Civilian  Clothing: 

Wearing  of,  391. 


INDEX    TO    APPENDIX. 


46*9 


ClTlllaii  Employeen: 

Allowances,  269,  289,  300,  377. 

Rations,  385. 

Status  of  Philippine,  404. 

Transfers,  329. 

Travel  allowance,  331. 
Civilian  Physicians,  269. 
Clylllan  Witnesses: 

Deposition,  327. 

Fees,  327,  334. 

Pay  and  mileage,  404. 
Clemency,  270. 
Clerks : 

Extra-duty  pay,  264. 
Clothing: 

Allowances,  274. 

Arctic,  376. 

Companies,  issue  to,  274. 

Detachments,  274. 

Equipage,  274. 

Estimates,  374. 

Fur,  376. 

Issue,  274, 376. 

Leggings,  274. 

Purchases,  274. 

Recruiting  service,  375. 

Special  requisitions,  375. 
College  Duty: 

Retired  officers,  mi. 
Colonel: 

Baggage,  273,274. 

Forage,  272. 

Rank,  259. 
Color  Sergeant: 

Rank,  259. 
Colors: 

Artillery,  308. 
Combs,  280. 
Commanding  Officers: 

Efficiency  reports,  374. 

Suspension  of  property,  269. 
Commands  Appropriate  to  Grades: 

Higher  grade,  pay  of,  282,  290,  mO,  352,  356. 
Commissary-Sergeant: 

Post,  259,  260,  275. 

Rank,  259. 

Regimental,  259. 
Commission: 

Date  of,  259. 
Commissioned  Officers: 

Accountability,  266,  269. 

Accounts  of  insane,  407. 

Attaches,  273,  274. 

Certificates  of  merit,  300. 

Commutation  of  quarters,  271,  283,  318,  380. 

Credit  sales,  379. 

Discharged,  300. 

Efficiency  reports,  373. 

Extra  pay,  282. 

Forage,  272. 

Foreign  service,  283,  383. 

Higher  command,  282,  290,  350,  352,  356. 

Illuminating  supplies,  272. 

Instruction,  321,  324. 

Leave,  382. 

Leave  credits,  293,  382. 

Leave  of  absence,  318. 


Commissioned  Officers— Continued. 

Memorandum  receipts,  272. 

:^ileage,  379,  408. 

Mounted  pay,  317. 

Officers'  schools,  321,  324. 

Official  signatures,  407. 

Parlor  cars,  272. 

Pay,  283,  290. 

Personal  property,  289. 

Professional  books,  273,  274. 

Purchases,  266,  282. 

Quarters,  270,  380. 

Rank,  259. 

Retired  officers,  260. 

Retirement,  260. 

Rooms,  271. 

Sales  to,  271,274,  >J:z  .-... 

Sleeping  cars,  272. 

Summary  courts,  270,  271. 

Transportation,  272. 

Travel  allowances,  283. 

Veterinarians,  289,  305. 
Commutation  of  Quarters: 

Absence  from  station,  283,  318,  380. 

Allowance,  271. 

Temporary  absence,  283,  318,  380. 
Commutation  of  Rations: 

Allowances,  281,  282,  379. 

Civilian  employees,  269,  385. 

Funds  for  payment,  282. 

Furlough,  282. 

Meal  tickets,  281. 

.Payment,  282. 

Rates,  281,  379. 

Retired  soldiers,  263. 

Vegetables,  309. 
Companies: 

Cooking,  265. 

Lights,  272. 
Company  Commanders: 

Deposits,  283. 
'  Discharges,  263,  264. 

Duties,  265. 

Final  statements,  263,  264,  284. 
Company  Fund: 

Artillery  companies,  309. 

Transfer,  309. 
Competitions: 

Small  arms,  384. 
Components  of  Ration,  276. 
Computation  of  Service: 

Enlisted  men,  409,413. 
Confinement: 

Commutation,  270. 

General  prisoners,  270. 

Mitigation,  270. 

Pardons,  270. 
Consolidated  Ration  Returns: 

New  blank  form,  247. 
Contagious  Diseases,  333, 412. 
Continuous  Service,  295, 360, 409. 
Continuous  Service  Pay,  283,299,418. 
Contract  Dental  Surgeons,  411. 
Contractors: 

Bonds,  266. 
Contract  Surgeons: 

Dental  surgeons,  411. 


470 


INDEX    TO    APPENDIX. 


Contract  Surgeons— Continued. 

Designation,  332,364. 

Employment,  269. 

Final  statements,  298. 

Forage,  411. 

Pay  accounts,  402. 

Purchases,  274. 
Convalescents: 

Diet  for,  277,349. 
Convictions:  > 

Previous,  270,  271. 
Cooklngr  Stoves: 

Allowance,  271. 
Corn  Brooms: 

Allowance,  274,  377. 
Corporals: 

Rank,  259. 
Corporations: 

Bonds  of,  266. 
Correspondence: 

Artillery  firing,  407. 

Official,  331,  407. 

Penalty  envelopes,  310. 
Councils  of  Administration: 

Veterinarians,  289,  305. 
Conrts-Martial: 

Charges  and  specifications,  270. 

Depositions,  327. 

Fees,  270,  334. 

Forfeitures,  394,  397. 

Sentences,  270,  334,  394,  397. 

Summary  courts,  270,  271. 

Veterinarians,  289,  305. 

Witnesses,  270,  334,  404. 
Credit  Sales: 

Officers  and  soldiers,  379. 
Deceased  Soldiers: 

Burial  expenses,  393. 

Debts  due  post  exchange,  310. 

disposition  of  remains,  403. 
Decorations: 

Foreign  countries,  391. 
Degrees  of  Banlc,  259. 
Dental  Surgeons: 

Certain  employees,  284. 

Duties,  284. 

Enlisted  men,  284. 

Families,  284. 

Forage,  411. 

Officers,  284. 

Official  relations,  364. 

Purchases,  274. 

Restrictions,  284. 
Department  Commanders: 

Aids,  264. 

Estimates,  331. 

Pardon,  270. 

Requisitions,  331. 

Staff,  264. 
Department  Competitions,  384. 
Department  of  Agriculture,  257. 
Departments,  264. 
Depositions: 

Witnesses,  327. 
Depositories : 

Public  moneys,  266. 


Deposits  of  Pay: 

Books,  283. 

Interest,  283. 

Payment,  283. 

Rates  of  interest,  283. 
Descriptive  and  Assignment  Cards: 

Preparation,  414. 
Descriptive  Lists: 

Preparation,  414. 
Deserters: 
•  Board  of  survey,  262. 

Charges  against,  262. 

Expenses  of  apprehension,  263. 

Forfeitures,  263. 

Rewards,  263. 
Details: 

Extra  duty,  264. 
Diet  for  Sick,  277,  349. 
Disai)llity: 

Discharge,  400. 
Disbursing  Officers: 

Accounts,  268. 

Advertising,  324. 

Check  book,  267,  326,  406. 

Cheeks,  267. 

Deposits,  266. 

Money  accountability,  266. 

Personal  possessions,  267. 

Proceeds  of  sale,  268. 

Property  accountability,  269. 

Purchases,  269,  324. 

Rendition  of  accounts,  327,  390. 

Vouchers,  268,  269. 
Disbursements: 

Commutation  of  rations,  281,  282. 
Discharge : 

Additional  payments,  360. 

Army  nurses,  338,  344,  364. 

Disability,  400. 

Post  noncommissioned  staff,  384. 

Volunteer  officers,  360. 
Discharge  Certificate: 

Certificate  in  lieu  of  lost,  384. 

Preparation,  390. 

Previous  service,  264. 
Discharged  Soldiers: 

Disability,  400. 

Final  statements,  284,  298,  384. 

Fort  Bayard  General  Hospital,  350. 

Fraudulent  enlistment,  284. 

Travel  pay,  263, 264,  272, 282, 284,  296, 297, 299, 300, 
363,  370,  391,  396,  399. 
Discharge  of  Enlisted  Men: 

Admission  to  hospital,  287. 

By  purchase,  299. 
Discharges: 

Payments  on,  284. 
Discontinued  Commands: 

Records,  371, 373. 
Disinfection,  365,412. 
Distinguished  Service,  300, 302. 
Drum -Major: 

Rank,  259. 
Duplicate  Checks,  267. 
Duty: 

Extra,  264. 
Effects  of  Deceased  Soldiers,  262. 


INDEX    TO    APPENDIX. 


471 


Electrician-Sergeants : 

Appointment,  260, 261. 

Duties,  261. 

Examination,  261, 316. 

Instruction,  261, 31 6. 

Personal  reports,  370. 

Qualification,  260, 261. 

Rank,  259. 

Selection,  260, 261. 

Stations,  261. 
Electric  Lights,  272. 
Electric  Plants: 

Fortifications,  314. 
Emergency  Purchases,  324. 
Emergency  Rations,  336. 
Emplacements: 

Inspection,  365. 
Employees: 

Civilian,  269, 300, 329, 330, 404. 

Efforts  to  influence  legislation,  289. 
Engineer  Department: 

Civil  employees,  269. 

Money  accounts,  267, 269. 

Purchases,  266. 
Engineer  Officers: 

Department  headquarters,  264. 
Engineer  School,  316,321. 
Enlisted  Men: 

Absence  without  leave,  296, 

Allotment  of  pay,  380,381. 

Artisans,  264. 

Bakers,  264. 

Blacksmiths,  264, 385. 

Certificates  of  merit,  300, 302, 386. 

Clerks,  264, 

Clothing,  274,276,375. 

Commutation  of  rations,  263, 269, 281, 282. 

Computation  of  service,  263, 295, 409. 

Confinement,  270. 

Cooking,  265. 

Credit  sales,  379. 

Debts  due  post  exchange,  310. 

Dental  work,  284. 

Deposits,  283. 

Details  on  extra  duty,  300. 

Discharges,  263, 264. 

Extra-duty  pay,  300. 

Final  statements,  263, 284, 298, 299. 

First-aid  instructions,  381. 

Foreign-service  pay,  383. 

Furlough,  370. 

Hospital  Corps,  277, 279, 284, 286, 298. 

Illuminating  supplies,  272. 

Laborers,  264. 

Mechanics,  264. 

Noncommissioned  staff,  260, 261. 

Payments,  283, 380. 

Personal  favors,  289. 

Property,  265. 

Rank,  259. 

Rations,  276, 279, 385. 

Reenlistment  pay,  283, 389. 

Retention  beyond  term,  407. 

Retirement,  263. 

Salutes,  289, 393. 

School  teachers,  264. 

Sleeping  cars,  272 


Enlisted  Men — Continued. 

Summary  courts,  272. 

Teacliers,  264. 

Teamsters,  264. 

Transfers,  262. 

Travel  allowances,  263,  264,  272,282,284,296,297, 
299, 300, 363, 370, 379, 391, 396, 399. 

Uniform,  265, 890. 
Enlistments: 

Hospital  Corps,  284. 

Improper,  332. 

Medical  inspection,  269. 

Restrictions,  389. 
Envelopes : 

General  prisoners,  334. 

{See  Penalty  Envelopes. ) 
Equipage : 

Brooms,  274^  377. 

Issues,  274, 377. 

Scrubbing  brushes,  274,377. 
Escaped  Prisoners : 

Reward,  263. 
Estimates:  ^ 

Approved,  331. 

Clothing  and  equipage,  374, 376. 
Examination: 

Chaplains,  292,293. 

Enlisted  men  foi  promotion,  369. 

Physical,  of  recruits,  269. 

Post  noncommissioned  staff,  260,261. 
Exchange  Officers: 

Veterinarians,  289, 305. 
Exchanges : 

{See  Post  Exchanges.) 
Expendable  Material: 

Ordnance  stores,  406. 
Extra  Duty : 

Authority  for,  264,  300. 

Bakers,  264. 

Clerks,  264. 

Compensation,  264. 

Details,  264. 

Laborers,  264. 

Mechanics,  264. 

Orders  for,  264. 

Overseers,  264. 

Rates  of  pay,  264. 

Restrictions  on,  264, 

School-teachers,  264. 

Teamsters,  264. 
Extra  Duty  Pay : 

Rates  of,  264. 

Reimbursement,  403. 

Restrictions  on,  264,  300. 
Extra  Issues,  278,  279. 
Extra  Pay: 

Extra  duty,  264. 

Volunteer  oflEicers  discharged,  360. 
Families: 

Dental  work,  284. 

Transportation,  300. 
Farriers  and  Blacksmiths: 

Training  school,  385. 
Fees: 

Depositions,  327. 

Witnesses,  327,  334. 
Field  ArtiUery  Board,  317. 


472 


INDEX   TO    APPENDIX. 


Field  Artillery  Material: 

Repairs,  367. 
Field  Batlon,  276, 377. 
Filipino  Ration,  378. 
Final  Statements : 
Contents,  263.     . 
Discharged  soldiers,  263, 298, 299. 
Notations  on,  370. 
Payments,  284. 

Transportation  noted,  263, 370. 
First  Aid  Instructions,  381. 
First  Lieutenants: 

Rank,  259. 
First  Sergeant: 

Rank,  259. 
Flour: 

Issue,  279. 
Forage : 

Private  horses,  272, 411. 
Foreign  Service: 

Pay,  283, 383. 
Forfeitures: 
C^urt-martial,  394,  397. 
Desertion,  263. 
Fort  Bayard,  ?»\  Mex. : 

Subsistence,  350. 
Fortifications: 
Artillery  Cops,  266. 
Defects,  315. 
Electric  plants,  314. 
Position  finders,  266, 313. 
Property,  316. 
Records,  307, 
Fresh  Meats : 
Issue,  276. 
Fresh  Tegetables : 

Commutation,  309. 
Fuel: 

Allowances,  271. 
Funds: 
In  personal  possession,  267. 
{See  Public  Moneys.) 
Fur  Clothing: 

Issue,  376. 
Furloughs,  295. 
Change  of  station,  370. 
Commutation  of  rations,  282, 
Gains  and  Wastage,  275. 
Garrison  Courts,  271. 
Gas  for  Lighting,  272. 
General: 

Rank,  259. 
General  Courts: 

{See  Courts-Martial.) 
General  Hospitals : 

Fort  Bayard,  N.  Mex.,  350. 
General  Officers: 

Rank,  259. 
General  Orders: 
Size,  331. 

Subsistence  of  recruits,  324. 
General  Prisoners: 
Clemency,  270. 
Issues,  280,  386. 
Rewards  for,  263. 
Stationery,  333,  334. 
General  Serrlce  and  Staff  College,  321. 


Grades  of  Bank,  259. 
Gratuitous  Issue: 

Clothing,  376. 
Guard  House: 
Lights,  272, 
Guidons: 

Artillery,  208, 
Gun  Carriages: 
Care,  314, 
Oil,  313. 
Gunners: 

Retired  pay,  395. 
Guns  and  Mortars: 

Posts,  371. 
Habeas  Corpus : 

Writs,  332. 
Haversacks: 

Marking,  265. 
Heads  of  Departments: 

Purchases,  266. 

Staff  administration,  269. 
Heating  Stoves,  271. 
Higher  Command : 

Pay,  282,  290,  350.  352,  356. 
Horse  Equipments: 

Excess,  367. 

Scouts,  320. 
Horses : 

Forage,  272,  411. 

Indian  scouts,  320. 

Private,  272. 

Team  or  draft,  333. 
Hospital  Corps: 

Acting  hospital  stewards,  284. 

Duties,  286. 

Enlistments,  285. 

Equipments,  286. 

Field  service,  286. 

Final  statements,  298. 

Garrison  service,  286. 

Hospital  stewards,  284. 

Rations,  277,  279,  284,  285. 
Hospital  Patients: 

Ice,  349,  389. 
Hospitals : 

Buildings,  287, 

Service,  287. 
Hospital  Stevvards: 

Appointment,  285. 

Rank,  259. 
Buck  Towels,  278,  279. 
Hydroline  Oil,  313. 
Ice: 

Hospital  patients,  349. 

Machine,  389. 

Sales,  389. 
Ice  Machines: 

Control  of,  389. 
Illness : 

Army  nurses,  341,  347. 
Illuminating  Supplies: 

Burners,  272. 

Electric  lights,  272. 

Issues,  272. 

Lamps,  272. 

Noncommissioned  officers,  272. 

Sales,  272. 


INDEX    TO    APPENDIX. 


473 


Increase  of  Pay : 

Eflforts  to  procure,  289. 

Foreign  service,  283, 3S3. 

Higher  command,  282, 290, 3.^,  352, 356. 

Length  of  service,  304. 

Veterinarians,  304. 
Indebtedness,  296,310. 
Indians: 

Supplies  and  stores,  266. 
Indian  Scouts: 

Allowances,  320. 

Temporary  absence,  320. 
Infectious  Diseases,  333,  412. 
Inferior  Courts : 

Trials,  270. 
Insane: 

Pay  accounts  of,  officers,  407. 
Inspector- General's  Department: 

Civil  employees,  269. 
Inspectors: 

Batteries  or  emplacements,  265,  267. 

Department  headquarters,  264. 

Medical,  of  recruits,  269. 
Instruction : 

Enlisted  men,  292. 

Officers,  321,  324. 
Instruments,  312. 
Interest  on  Deposits,  283. 
Interior  Economy  of  Companies: 

Accouterments,  269. 

Blanket  bags,  269. 

Eqiiipments,  269. 

Marking,  269. 

Property,  269. 
Inventory : 

Subsistence  stores,  275. 
Issues: 

Equipage,  274,  376. 

Forage,  272. 

Fuel,  271,  272. 

Illuminating  supplies,  272. 

Rations,  277,  279. 
Job  Printing: 

Envelopes,  332. 
Judge- Advocates : 

Department  headquarters,  264. 
Laborers: 

Extra-duty  pay,  264. 
Lamp  Cliimneys,  270. 
Lamps,  272. 
Lamp  Wicks,  270. 
Lantern  Candles: 

Issues,  278. 
Lanterns,  270. 
Leaves  of  Absence: 

Accrued,  382. 

Army  nurses,  340,  347. 

Commissioned  officers,  293,  318. 

Commutation  of  quarters,  318. 

Veterinarians,  303. 
Leggings,  274. 
Legislation : 

Efforts  to  influence,  289. 
Lieutenant- Colonel : 

Baggage,  273,  274. 

Forage,  272. 

Rank,  259. 


Lieutenant- General : 

Baggage,  273,  274, 

Forage,  272. 

Rank,  259. 
Lieutenants: 

Baggage,  273,  274. 

Forage,  272. 

Rank,  259. 
Light  Batteries:  ^ 

Colors,  308. 
Lights,  272. 
Lineal  Rank,  259. 
Liquors : 

Purchase,  336. 
Litter  Bearers: 

Instruction9,'_381. 
Lubricant: 

Hydroline  oil,  313. 
Lyceums,  308. 
Magazine  Arms,  367. 
Major : 

Baggage,  273, 274. 

Forage,  272. 

Rank,  259. 
Major-General: 

Baggage,  273, 274. 

Forage,  272. 

Rank,  259. 
Marking  of  Property  2 

Company,  265. 
Matches: 

Issue,  278. 
Mechanics : 

Extra-duty  pay,  264. 
Medals  of  Honor: 

Decisions,  386. 

Wearing,  391. 
Medical  Attendance: 

AcSounts,  287. 

Charges,  287. 

Enlisted  men,  287. 

Officers,  287. 

Payments,  287. 
Medical  Department: 

Attendance,  287. 

Dental  surgeons,  284. 

Hospital  corps,  277,  280. 

Ice  machines,  389. 

Medical  attendance,  287. 

Money  accounts,  267,  269. 

Purchase  of  liquors,  336. 

Recruits,  medical  inspection,  269. 

Reports,  287. 

Savings,  278,  280. 

Service  hospitals,  287. 
Medical  Inspection  of  Recruits: 

By  whom  made,  269. 

Character,  269. 

Medical  examination  at  posts,  269. 

Recruiting  officer,  269. 
Mess  Furniture : 

Vinegar  cruets,  309. 
Method  of  Purchase,  266. 
Mileage: 

Accounts,  379. 

Officers,  408. 


474 


INDEX   TO    APPENDIX. 


Mileage — Continued. 

Orders,  312.  • 

Witnesses,  334,  404. 
Military  Attaches: 

Baggage,  273,  274. 
Military  Commanders: 

Annual  reports,  305,  306. 

{See  Commanding  Officers.) 
Military  Departments,  264. 
Mineral  Oil: 

Allowance,  270. 

Mosquitos,  336. 
Mines: 

Submarine,  312. 
Minors: 

Enlistments,  332. 
Misconduct: 

Discharge  for,  296, 297. 
Mitigation: 

Sentences,  270, 334. 
Money  Accountability,  267, 269. 
Money  Accounts,  282, 327. 
Money  Vouchers,  268, 269. 
Monthly  Reports: 

Chaplains,  369. 
Mosquitos: 

Destruction,  336. 
Mounted  Pay : 

Begins  when,  317. 
Mugs: 

Shaving,  280. 
National  Guard,  321. 
Needles,  280. 
Noncommissioned  Officers: 

Allowances,  271,  276,  282,  377. 

Baggage,  273,  274. 

Burial  expenses,  393. 

Certificate  of  appointment,  265. 

Commutation  of  rations,  281,  282,  379. 

Details  on  extra  duty,  264. 

Fuel,  271. 

Illuminating  supplies,  271,  272. 

Quarters,  271. 

Rank,  259. 
Noncommissioned  Staff: 

Battalion,  265. 

Post,  261,  369. 

Regimental,  265. 
Nurse  Corps: 

Regulations,  337,  349,  364. 
Occasions  of  Ceremony : 

Uniform,  392. 
Officers : 

{See  Commissioned  Officers.) 
Officers'  Schools: 

At  posts,  308,  320,  321. 
Official  Correspondence,  331. 
Oil: 

Hydroline,  313. 

Mineral,  272. 
Orders: 

Mileage,  312. 

Mounted  pay,  317. 
Orders  and  Circulars: 

Sizes,  331. 
Ordnance  Department: 

Civil  employees,  269,  331. 


Ordnance  Department — Continued. 

Fortifications,  266. 

Instruments,  266. 

Issues,  266. 

Money  accountability,  267,  268. 

Purchases,  266. 
Ordnance  Detachments : 

Clothing  and  equipage,  376. 
Ordnance  Officer: 

Department  headquarters,  264. 
Ordnance  Sergeant: 

Appointment,  260,  369. 

Qualifications,  260. 

Rank,  259. 

Selection,  260. 
Ordnance  Stores  and  Supplies,  367,  368. 

Expendable,  406. 

Experimental,  385. 
Paper: 

Toilet,  278,  279. 

Writing,  333. 
Pardon,  270. 
Parlor  Cars,  272. 
Pay: 

Extra  duty,  264, 278, 279, 300, 403. 

Foreign  service,  283, 383. 

Higher  command,  282, 290, 350, 352, 356. 

Nurses,  339, 345. 

Retired,  357, 359. 

Retired  soldiers,  263, 264. 

Witnesses,  270, 334, 404. 
Pay  Accounts : 

Assignment,  402. 
Pay  and  Allowances: 

Chaplains,  291. 

Veterinarians,  289. 
Pay  Department: 

Commissioned  officers,  283. 

Deposits,  283. 

Discharged  soldiers,  284. 

Enlisted  men,  283, 284. 

Extra  pay,  282. 

Foreign  service,  283. 

Higher  grade,  282. 

Payments,  283, 284, 380. 

Reenlistments,  283. 

Travel  allowances,  283. 
Payments: 

Allotment,  380, 381. 

Commissioned  officers,  283. 

Commutation  of  quarters,  283. 

Commutation  of  rations,  283. 

Discharged  soldiers,  284. 

Enlisted  men,  380. 

Retired  soldiers,  263. 

Telegrams,  274. 

Travel  allowances,  283. 

Troops,  283, 380. 
Payments  to  Troops: 

Deposits,  283. 

Witnessing,  289, 305. 
Pay  Vouchers: 

Officers,  350. 
Penalty  Envelopes: 

Job  printing,  332. 

Post  exchange,  310. 


INDEX   TO    APPENDIX. 


475 


Personal  Favors: 

Efforts  to  secure,  289. 
Personal  Hj^^Ieue,  412. 
Personal  Reports,  370. 
Personal  Staff: 

Department  commanders,  264 
Philippine  Islands: 

Clothing  and  equipage,  37(5. 

Travel  allowances,  299. 
Philippine  Scouts: 

Rations,  377. 
Physical  Exaniinatlou: 

Recruits,  269. 
Postage  Stamps: 

General  prisoners,  334 
Post  Balceries: 

Bakers,  264. 
Post  Commanders: 

Command,  393. 

Estimates,  374. 

Ration  returns,  277. 

Summary  courts,  270,271. 
Post  Commissary  Sergeants: 

Appointment,  260, 369. 

Discharge,  304. 

Personal  reports,  370. 

Qualifications,  200. 

Rank,  259. 

Selection,  260. 
Post  Exchanges: 

Officers,  289,305. 

Penalty  envelopes,  310 

Records,  371. 

Regulations,  266. 

Sales,  310. 

Soldiers'  indebtedness,  310. 

Taxes,  309. 
Post  Noncommissioned  Staff: 

Appointment,  260, 869. 

Discharge,  304. 

Duties,  260. 

Examination,  260. 

Personal  reports,  370. 

Qualifications,  260. 

Selections,  260. 

Stations,  260. 
Post  Quartermaster  Sergeants: 

Appointment,  260,369. 

Discharge,  304. 

Personal  reports,  370. 

Qualifications,  260. 

Rank,  259. 

Selection,  260. 
Posts: 

Clothing,  274,375,376. 

Fixed  batteries,  371. 

Records,  370. 
Post  Treasurers : 

Veterinarians,  289. 
Precedence: 

Order,  259. 
Previous  Convictions,  270. 
Previous  Service: 

Notations  concerning,  264. 
Principal  Musician : 

Rank,  259. 


Prisoners: 

Charges,  374. 

Confinement,  27C 

General,  270. 

Issues,  280, 386. 

Pardons,  270. 

Release,  270. 

Rewards,  263. 
Private  Horses: 

Forage,  272,411. 
Proceeds  of  Sale,  268. 
Professional  Boolcs  and  Papers,  273. 
Promotion : 

Enlisted  men,  369. 

Volunteer  officers,  354. 
Property: 

Accountability,  269, 329. 

{See  Public  Property.) 
Public  Animals: 

Forage,  272. 

Salt,  vinegar,  etc.,  279. 
Public  Moneys: 

Accounts  current,  268. 

Checks,  267. 

Deposits,  266. 

Personal  possession,  267. 

Proceeds  of  sale,  268. 

Vouchers,  268, 269. 
Public  Property: 

Boards  of  survey,  269. 

Branding,  265. 

Damaged,  269. 

Destroyed,  269 

Lost  or  stolen,  269. 

Marking,  265. 

Recovery,  269. 

Rewards,  269. 

Stolen,  269. 
Public  Records,  373. 
Purchasing  Commissaries: 

Purchases,  275. 
Punishment: 

Mitigation,  270. 
Purchases: 

Contractors,  266, 324. 

Subsistence  stores,  275. 
Quartermaster's  Department: 

Accountability  for  property,  269. 

Animals,  272. 

Baggage,  273, 274. 

Barracks  and  quarters,  271. 

Billsof  lading,  273,274. 

Brooms,  274, 377. 

Brushes,  274, 377. 

Civil  employees,  269. 

Clothing  and  equipage,  274. 

Electric  lights,  272. 

Forage,  272,  411. 

Fuel,  271. 

Gas,  272. 

Horses,  272. 

Ice  machines,  289. 

Illuminating  supplies,  272. 

Public  animals,  272 

Purchases,  266. 

Quarters,  271 

Rooms,  271. 


476 


INDEX   TO    APPENDIX. 


Quartermaster's  Department— Continued 

Scrubbing  brushes,  274, 377. 
Stoves,  271,274. 

Transportation,  272, 274, 370, 391, 408. 
Q  uarterm  aster  -  Sergeants : 

Post  and  regimental,  259,260. 
Quartermaster  Stores: 

Purchases,  266. 
Quarters: 

Allowances,  271,380. 

Army  nurses,  340, 346. 

Commutation,  271, 283, 318, 380. 
Range  Finders,  266,313. 
Rank: 

Grades,  259. 

Lineal,  259. 

Precedence,  259. 
Ration  Returns: 

New  blank  form,  349. 

Preparation,  277,385. 
Rations: 

Candles,  276. 

Civilian  employees,  385. 

Commutation,  281,  282,  379. 

Definition,  377. 

Emergency,  336. 

Field,  276. 

Filipino,  378. 

Fresh  meat,  276. 

Garrison,  276. 

General  hospital,  350. 

Hospital,  277. 

Returns,  277,  385. 

Savings,  378. 

To  whom  issued,  377. 

Value,  378. 

Varieties,  377. 

Vegetable,  276. 
Razors,  280. 
Records:  ' 

Artillery  districts,  307. 

Discontinued  commands,  371,  373. 
Recruiting: 

General  instructions,  409. 

Restrictions,  389. 
Recruiting  Parties,  324,  325,  406. 
Recruiting  Service: 

Clothing  and  equipage,  375. 

Commutation  of  rations,  281. 

Enlistment,  269. 

Physical  examination,  269. 
Recruits: 

Credit  sales,  379. 

Hospital  Corps,  285. 

Infectious  diseases,  333. 

Physical  examination,  269. 

Subsistence,  406. 

Vaccination,  333. 
Reduction: 

Noncommissioned  officers,  259,  265. 
Reenllsted  Pay,  299. 
Reenlistment: 

Continuous-service  pay,  413. 

In  the  Philippines,  399. 

Noncommissioned  officers,  259,  265. 

Notations  on  discharge  certificate,  264. 

Restrictions  upon,  389. 


Regimental  Commanders: 

Duties,  265. 

Noncommissioned  staff,  265. 
Ration  return,  277. 
Regimental  Courts,  271. 
Regimental  Noncommissioned  Staff: 
Allowances,  271. 
Appointments,  265. 
Composition,  265. 
Rank,  259. 
Reduction,  265. 
Warrants,  265. 
Regimental  Staff,  265,  371. 
Reimbursement: 

One  department  by  another,  327. 
Religious  Services: 

Chaplains,  292. 
Remission: 

Sentences,  334. 
Repairs: 

Field-battery  material,  367. 
Reports: 
Annual,  305, 306. 
Army  nurses,  341,  348. 
Artillery  practice,  372. 
Efficiency,  373. 
Fortifications,  266. 
Medical  Department,  287. 
Personal,  370. 
Requisitions: 
Approval,  331, 375. 
Clothing,  375. 
Small  arms,  367. 
Reserve  Nurses,  342, 349. 
Retention  in  Service: 

Beyond  expiration  of  term,  407. 
Retired  Officers: 
College  duty,  359. 
Pay,  357, 

Uniform,  260,392,401. 
Retired  Soldiers: 
Artillery  gunners,  395. 
Burial  expenses,  393. 
Certificate  of  merit,  302. 
Double  service,  263. 
Pay  and  allowances,  263,  396. 
Retirement,  263. 

Service,  computation  of,  263,  296. 
Retired  Pay: 

Enlisted  men,  263,  395. 
Reviewing  Authority,  261. 
Review  of  Proceedings,  270. 
Reward : 
Deserters,  263. 
Prisoners,  263. 
Property,  269. 
Rubber  Stamps,  332. 
Sales: 
Credit,  379. 
Fuel,  272. 
Ice,  389. 

Proceeds  of,  267.  ^ 

Sales  of  Subsistence: 
Accounts,  282, 
Allowance,  282. 
Civil  employees,  282,  379. 


ITIDEX   TO   APPENDIX. 


477 


Sales  of  Subsistence — Continiied. 

Commissioned  officers,  282,  379. 

Recruits,  325. 
Sales  to  Officers: 

Subsistence,  282,  379, 
Salt: 

Issue,  279. 
Salutes: 

Cannon,  315,  373. 

Veterinarians,  289,  393. 
Sanitation,  365,  412. 
Savings: 

Rations,  378. 
School  of  Application,  321. 
School  of  Submarine  Defense,  321. 
School- Teachers,  183. 
Scissors,  280. 
Scouts: 

Indian,  320. 
Scrubbing  Brushes: 

Allowance,  274,  377. 
Seacoast  Defenses : 

{See  Fortifications.) 
Sea  Travel : 

Actual  expenses,  383,  394. 
Second  Lieutenants: 

Baggage,  273,  274. 

Rank,  259. 
Secretary  of  War: 

Clemency,  general  prisoners,  270. 

Commutation  of  quarters,  283. 

Recruiting  service,  269. 

Sewing  machines  for  prisoners,  280. 

Transfers,  262. 
Sentences: 

Approval,  270. 

Forfeitures,  394,  397. 

Mitigation,  270,  334. 
Sergeant- Major: 

Appointment,  265. 

Personal  reports,  370. 

Rank,  259. 

Reduction,  265. 

Warrants,  265. 
Sergeants : 

Rank,  259. 
Service  of  Hospitals : 

Discharged  soldiers,  287. 
Shoe  Strings : 

Issue  to  prisoners,  386. 
Sick: 

Subsistence,  277. 
Sick  and  Wounded: 

First  aid,  381. 
Signal  Corps  Detachment: 

Clothing  and  equipage,  376. 
Signal  Department: 

Civil  employees,  269. 

Purchases,  266. 
Signal  Officer: 

Department  headquarters,  264. 
Signal  Sergeants: 

Rank,  259. 
Signatures: 

Official,  407. 

Witnessing,  269. 
Sleeping  Cars,  272. 


Small  Arms: 

Requisitions,  367. 

Responsibility  for,  329. 
Smallpox,  333. 
Soap: 

Issue,  280. 

Shaving,  280. 
Soldiers'  Home: 

Beneficiaries  at  Fort  Bayard,  350. 
Solicitation: 

Personal  favors,  289. 
Special  Diet,  277, 349. 
Special  Service  Schools: 

List  of,  321. 
Specifications,  270. 
Stable  Sergeant: 

Rank,  259. 
Staff: 

Department,  264. 
Staff  Administration: 

Property  accountability,  269. 

Purchases,  266. 
Staff  Departments,  269,284,285,407. 
Staterooms,  272. 
Stationery: 

General  prisoners,  333. 
Stencils: 

Guns  and  mortars,  372. 
Stoppages  of  Pay: 

Court-martial  sentences,  394. 

Indebtedness  to  canteens,  310. 
Stores: 

Proceeds  of  sales,  267. 

Procurement,  266. 

Transfer,  266. 
Submarine  Mining,  312,  316. 
Subsistence: 

Army  nurses,  340,  346. 

At  Fort  Bayard,  350. 

Recruiting  parties  and  recruits,  4( 
Subsistence  Department: 

Care  of  supplies,  275. 

Civil  employees,  269. 

Commutation  of  rations,  281,  282. 

Duties,  275. 

Estimates,  275. 

Funds,  267. 

Gains  and  wastage,  275. 

Issues,  277-279. 

Purchases,  275. 

Rations,  276,  278,  281,  282. 

Sales,  282. 

Wastage,  276. 
Subsistence  Funds: 

Checks,  325. 
Subsistence  Property : 

Boards  of  survey,  275. 

Composition,  275. 

Losses,  275. 
Subsistence  Stores: 

Boards  of  survey,  275. 

Care,  275. 

Composition,  275. 

Deficiencies,  276. 

Gains  and  wastage,  275,  276. 

Inventory,  275. 

Issue,  276,  281,  282. 


478 


INDEX   TO    APPENDIX. 


Subsistence  Stores — Continued. 

Property,  275. 

Purchase,  275. 

Special  diet,  277. 

Sales,  282. 

Surplus,  310. 
Summary  Courts,  270,  271. 
Supply  Departments: 

Property  accountability,  269. 

Purchases,  266. 
Supplies: 

Proceeds  of  sales,  267. 

Procurement,  266. 

Transfer,  266. 
Supplies  or  Services: 

Vouchers,  268. 
Surety  Companies,  266. 
Surgeon-General: 

Dental  surgeons,  284. 

Hospital  Corps,  284,  287. 
Target  Practice: 

Flour  for,  278,279. 
Taxes : 

Post  exchanges,  309. 
Teachers,  264. . 
Telegrapliing: 

Counting  words,  275. 
Temporary  Absence,  283,  380. 
Thread,  280. 
Toilet  Paper: 

Issue,  278,  280. 
Tools,  312,  314. 
Toweling: 

Unbleached,  280. 
Towels: 

Issue,  279. 
Transfers: 

Civilian  employees,  329. 

Company  funds,  309. 

Enlisted  men,  262. 

Hospital  Corps,  286. 

Nurses,  339,  345. 

Supplies  and  stores,  266,  275. 
Transportation: 

Army  nurses,  339,  342,  346. 

Baggage,  273,  274. 

Deserters,  263. 

Executive  departments,  275. 

Sleeping  cars,  272. 
Transportation  of  Persons: 

Chaplains,  291. 

Deserters,  263. 

Discharged  soldiers,  263,  370,  391,  396,  399. 

Sleeping  cars  for,  272. 
Transports : 

Transportation,  300. 
Travel  Allowances: 

Commissioned  officers,  283,  329. 

Discharged  soldiers,  264, 284, 296, 297, 299, 362, 363, 
370,391,396,399. 

Restrictions  on,  283. 

Volunteer  officers,  360. 


Travel  Expenses  Civil  Employees,  269,  331. 

Travel  Rations,  276,  278. 

Trials: 

Charges  and  specifications,  270. 

Garrison  courts,  270. 

Inferior  courts,  270. 

Previous  convictions,  270. 

Regimental  courts,  270. 

Summary  courts,  270,  271. 
Troops: 

Transportation,  272,  274. 
Typhoid  Fever: 

Prophylaxis,  412. 
Uniform: 

All  arms,  391. 

Army  nurses,  342,  348. 

Regulations,  391. 

Retired  officers,  260,  392. 
Taccination : 

Method,  333. 
Vegetables: 

Fresh,  309. 
Venereal  Diseases: 

Discharge  for,  296,  297. 
Veterans: 

Preference,  327. 
Veterinarians: 

Increased  pay  of,  304. 

Leave  status,  303. 

Purchases,  274. 

Rank,  259. 

Status,  289,  305,  393. 
Vinegar: 

Issue,  279, 
Vinegar  Cruets,  309. 
Vital  Statistics: 

Reports  of  chaplains,  369. 
Volunteer  Officers: 

Additional  paymaster,  360. 

Discharge,  360. 

Promotion,  354. 
Vouchers: 

Contracts,  268. 

Execution,  268. 

Payments,  269. 

Preparation,  268. 

Signatures,  269. 

Statement  of ,  269. 
War  College,  321. 
Warrants: 

Noncommissioned  officers,  259,  265. 
Wastage,  275,  276. 
Whislt  Brooms,  280. 
Witnesses : 

Civilian,327,  334,  404. 

Depositions,  327. 

Fees,  327,  334,  404. 

Payments  of  enlisted  men,  289,  306. 

Signatures,  269. 
Writ  of  Habeas  Corpus,  332. 


UNrVERSITY 


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